{"pageNumber":"468","pageRowStart":"11675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16446,"records":[{"id":25671,"text":"wri904111 - 1991 - Methods, instrumentation, and preliminary evaluation of data for the hydrologic budget assessment of Lake Lucerne, Polk County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:24","indexId":"wri904111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4111","title":"Methods, instrumentation, and preliminary evaluation of data for the hydrologic budget assessment of Lake Lucerne, Polk County, Florida","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904111","usgsCitation":"Lee, T.M., Adams, D.B., Tihansky, A., and Swancar, A., 1991, Methods, instrumentation, and preliminary evaluation of data for the hydrologic budget assessment of Lake Lucerne, Polk County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4111, vi, 42 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904111.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4111/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54440,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4111/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62d5ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, T. M.","contributorId":67855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, D. B.","contributorId":59030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tihansky, A. B. 0000-0003-1681-1601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-1601","contributorId":77956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tihansky","given":"A. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swancar, Amy aswancar@usgs.gov","contributorId":450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swancar","given":"Amy","email":"aswancar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":28835,"text":"wri884230 - 1991 - Hydrology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow at a taconite-tailings basin near Keewatin, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T10:33:44","indexId":"wri884230","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4230","title":"Hydrology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow at a taconite-tailings basin near Keewatin, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Taconite tailings, a waste product from processing of iron ore, have been deposited in a 2.5-square-mile containment basin near Keewatin, Minnesota, The basin, which is bounded by earthen dikes of compacted drift and clayey bouldery till, contains saturated tailings consisting of chert and other silica-rich particles that range from clay to coarse-sand size.</p>\n<p>Runoff from the tailings is slight and occurs only after heavy rains and snowmelt. Average discharge from the basin from April 1982 through June 1984 was about 0.6 cubic foot per second. Instantaneous discharge ranged from zero during much of the period to about 140 cubic feet per second following snowmelt in spring 1982. Daily mean discharge from the basin exceeded 20 cubic feet per second on two days during the period of study.</p>\n<p>Water levels in wells range from 0 to 25 feet below the tailings surface; seasonal fluctuations range from 2 to 8 feet. Ground water flows radially from a mound in the north-central part of the basin under a hydraulic gradient of 4.7 x 10<sup>-3</sup> feet per foot. Vertical flow also is downward to drift deposits beneath the tailings. Vertical gradients range from 7.0 x 10<sup>-3</sup> to 6.0 x 10<sup>-1</sup> feet per foot.</p>\n<p>Saturated thickness of the tailings ranges from about 1 to 35 feet. Estimated horizontal hydraulic conductivity ranges from about 1 to 500 feet per day. Transmissivities range from about 25 feet squared per day in fine tailings to about 350 feet squared per day in coarse tailings. Ground-water recharge from precipitation was 11.8 inches from October 1982 through September 1983. Ground-water outflow as leakage to the underlying drift deposits was 9.9 inches for the same period.</p>\n<p>Water collected from wells completed in the tailings and from the drainage ditch at the basin outlet is of a mixed type in which the magnesium concentration only slightly exceeds concentrations of calcium and sodium plus potassium, expressed in milliequivalents, and concentrations of sulfate and bicarbonate, expressed in milliequivalents, are equal. Concentrations of arsenic, fluoride, and nitrite plus nitrate in water from the tailings were notably greater than in water from adjacent aquifers. However, only fluoride, manganese, and nitrite plus nitrate concentrations equalled or exceeded State drinking-water standards. Suspended-sediment concentrations in streamflow ranged from less than 1 milligram per liter during low-flow periods to about 4,600 milligrams per liter following snowmelt in the spring of 1982.</p>\n<p>Numerical-model simulations of ground-water flow near the vicinity of the tailings basin indicate that, if areal recharge were doubled during spring and fall, water levels in wells could average about 4 feet above 1983 levels during these periods. Model results indicate that water levels in the tailings could possibly remain about 5 feet above 1983 levels at the end of the year. Water levels in the tailings at the outlet of the basin could be about 1 foot above 1983 levels during the spring stress period and could be nearly 1.5 feet above 1983 levels during the fall stress period. Under these hypothetical climatic conditions, ground-water contribution to discharge at the outlet could be about 50 cubic feet per second during spring and about 80 cubic feet per second during fall.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri884230","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iron Range Resources and Rehabilitation Board and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Myette, C., 1991, Hydrology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow at a taconite-tailings basin near Keewatin, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4230, vi, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884230.","productDescription":"vi, 61 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57711,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4230/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4230/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.083333,\n              47.404167\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.083333,\n              47.358333\n            ],\n            [\n              -93,\n              47.358333\n            ],\n            [\n              -93,\n              47.404167\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.083333,\n              47.404167\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696c0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myette, C. F.","contributorId":97115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myette","given":"C. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28924,"text":"wri914080 - 1991 - Hydrology and water quality near the South Well Field, southern Franklin County, Ohio, with emphasis on the simulation of ground-water flow and transport of Scioto River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri914080","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4080","title":"Hydrology and water quality near the South Well Field, southern Franklin County, Ohio, with emphasis on the simulation of ground-water flow and transport of Scioto River","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri914080","usgsCitation":"Oblinger, C.J., Sheets, R.A., and Bair, E., 1991, Hydrology and water quality near the South Well Field, southern Franklin County, Ohio, with emphasis on the simulation of ground-water flow and transport of Scioto River: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4080, vii, 78 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914080.","productDescription":"vii, 78 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4080/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57797,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4080/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e87e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oblinger, C. J.","contributorId":21554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oblinger","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheets, R. A.","contributorId":43381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bair, E. Scott","contributorId":73231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bair","given":"E. Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28957,"text":"wri914036 - 1991 - Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the middle Rio Grande Valley and Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, 1988-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-28T09:59:37","indexId":"wri914036","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4036","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the middle Rio Grande Valley and Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, 1988-89","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914036","usgsCitation":"Ong, K., O’Brien, T., and Rucker, M., 1991, Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the middle Rio Grande Valley and Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, 1988-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4036, viii, 113 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914036.","productDescription":"viii, 113 p. 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,{"id":28960,"text":"wri914047 - 1991 - Hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected chemical constituents in water, Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1986 to 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:35","indexId":"wri914047","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4047","title":"Hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected chemical constituents in water, Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1986 to 1988","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor,","doi":"10.3133/wri914047","usgsCitation":"Orr, B.R., and Cecil, L., 1991, Hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected chemical constituents in water, Snake River Plain Aquifer, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1986 to 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4047, v, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914047.","productDescription":"v, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4047/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57835,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4047/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696c35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orr, B. R.","contributorId":46545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cecil, L.D.","contributorId":62616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26899,"text":"wri914053 - 1991 - Ground-water levels, flow, and quality in northwestern Elkhart County, Indiana, 1980-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-11T22:00:08.313645","indexId":"wri914053","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4053","title":"Ground-water levels, flow, and quality in northwestern Elkhart County, Indiana, 1980-89","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-water data were collected in northwestern Elkhart County, Indiana, from 1980 through 1989 to monitor hydrologic conditions and to provide information necessary for waterresources managers to evaluate the ground-water resources in this area. The area of study includes a closed industrial landfill and several areas of industrial and municipal pumping. Water levels were measured twice a year in 68 wells, and water samples were collected once a year from 32 wells. The wells were screened in unconsolidated glacial-outwash deposits primarily sand and gravel.</p>\n<p>During the study, measured ground-water levels ranged from about 6 feet above ground level to about 29 feet below ground level. The average depth to water for all wells was 10 feet, and the average water-level fluctuation for the entire study period was 4.8 feet. In the study area, ground water flows toward the St. Joseph River. Water levels near the river are higher than the stage of the river, indicating that ground water is discharged to the river.</p>\n<p>Water samples were collected and analyzed to determine concentrations of dissolved bromide. Onsite measurements of specific conductance, pH, water temperature, and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and alkalinity were made at the time of sampling. The water samples had a median specific conductance of 516 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, a median ph of 7.6, a median alkalinity of 216 milligrams per liter (as calcium carbonate), and a median dissolved-bromide concentration of 0.08 milligrams per liter.</p>\n<p>Water-quality data were grouped according to the depth and position of the wells in the flow system with respect to the closed industrial landfill. Shallow wells are those less than 100 feet deep; deep wells are those more than 100 feet deep. Comparison among groups indicates that water from shallow wells downgradient from the landfill had larger values of specific conductance, larger concentrations of alkalinity and dissolved bromide, and smaller values of pH than did water from shallow wells upgradient from the landfill and water from deep wells throughout the study area.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of dissolved bromide were used to estimate the extent of the landfill's effect on ground-water quality by plotting and contouring the concentration values on maps and hydrogeologic sections. The maps show a plume of bromide extending south of the landfill along the direction of groundwater flow. The hydrogeologic sections indicate that water containing bromide is moving vertically downward in the unconfined aquifer beneath and downgrfldient from the landfill. Maps and sections for different time periods were compared to determine how the distribution of bromide was changing. Although dissolved-bromide concentrations in water from individual wells were variable, the distribution of dissolved bromide did not change substantially during the study period.</p>\n<p>The time of peak dissolved-bromide concentrations in water from shallow wells downgradient from the landfill was used to estimate a rate of horizontal flow of water in the unconfined aquifer. The average rate of flow between shallow wells downgradient from the landfill was estimated to be 1.2 feet per day. This rate is within the range of values for ground-water flow calculated according to Darcy's law.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri914053","collaboration":"Elkhart Water Works","usgsCitation":"Duwelius, R., and Silcox, C., 1991, Ground-water levels, flow, and quality in northwestern Elkhart County, Indiana, 1980-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4053, v, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914053.","productDescription":"v, 66 p.","numberOfPages":"71","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424355,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47477.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":121571,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4053/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55780,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4053/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Elkhart County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.7874,41.7615],[-85.7591,41.7613],[-85.6606,41.7608],[-85.6589,41.699],[-85.6575,41.6122],[-85.6554,41.5251],[-85.6542,41.4733],[-85.6552,41.4384],[-85.7704,41.4377],[-85.8874,41.4379],[-86.0008,41.4375],[-86.059,41.4367],[-86.0594,41.4644],[-86.0593,41.474],[-86.0593,41.479],[-86.0592,41.4935],[-86.0598,41.4999],[-86.0624,41.7619],[-85.932,41.7623],[-85.7874,41.7615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Elkhart\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667496","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duwelius, R.F.","contributorId":28250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duwelius","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silcox, C.A.","contributorId":90778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silcox","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29169,"text":"wri914078 - 1991 - An interactive code (NETPATH) for modeling NET geochemical reactions along a flow PATH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-02T19:54:23","indexId":"wri914078","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4078","title":"An interactive code (NETPATH) for modeling NET geochemical reactions along a flow PATH","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914078","usgsCitation":"Plummer, N., Prestemon, E., and Parkhurst, D., 1991, An interactive code (NETPATH) for modeling NET geochemical reactions along a flow PATH: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4078, iv, 227 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914078.","productDescription":"iv, 227 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58043,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db684564","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prestemon, E.C.","contributorId":61867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prestemon","given":"E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parkhurst, D.L.","contributorId":12474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27097,"text":"wri914006 - 1991 - Hydrology and the hypothetical effects of reducing nutrient applications on water quality in the Bald Eagle Creek Headwaters, southeastern Pennsylvania prior to implementation of agricultural best-management practices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T21:01:23.332146","indexId":"wri914006","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4006","title":"Hydrology and the hypothetical effects of reducing nutrient applications on water quality in the Bald Eagle Creek Headwaters, southeastern Pennsylvania prior to implementation of agricultural best-management practices","docAbstract":"The report characterizes a 0.43-square-mile agricultural watershed in York County, underlain by albite-chlorite and oligoclase-mica schist in the Lower Susquehanna River basin, that is being studied as part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Chesapeake Bay Program. The water quality of Bald Eagle Creek was studied from October 1985 through September 1987 prior to the implementation of Best-Management Practices to reduce nutrient and sediment discharge into Muddy Creek, a tributary to the Chesapeake Bay. About 88 percent of the watershed is cropland and pasture, and nearly 33 percent of the cropland is used for corn. The animal population is entirely dairy cattle. About 85,640 pounds of nitrogen (460 pounds per acre) and 21,800 pounds of phosphorus (117 pounds per acre) were applied to fields; 52 percent of the nitrogen and 69 percent of the phosphorus was from commercial fertilizer. Prior to fertilization, nitrate nitrogen in the soil ranged from 36 to 136 pounds per acre and phosphorus ranged from 0.89 to 5.7 pounds per acre in the top 4 feet of soil. Precipitation was about 18 percent below normal and streamflow about 35 percent below normal during the 2-year study. Eighty-four percent of the 20.44 inches of runoff was base flow. Median concentrations of total nitrogen and dissolved phosphorous in base flow were 0.05 and 0.04 milligrams per liter as phosphorus, respectively.\r\n\r\n      Concentrations of dissolved nitrate in base flow increased following wet periods after crops were harvested and manure was applied. During the growing season, concentrations decreased similarly to those observed in carbonate-rock areas as nutrient uptake and evapotranspiration by corn increased. About 4,550 pounds of suspended sediment, 5,250 pounds of nitrogen, and 66.6 pounds of phosphorus discharged in base flow during the 2-year period. The suspended sediment load was about 232,000 pounds in stormflow from 26 storms that contributed 51 percent of the total stormflow. The nitrogen load was about 651 pounds and the phosphorus load was about 74 pounds in stormflow from 16 storms that contributed 28 percent of the total stormflow. It is estimated that concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus in base flow need to be reduced by 12 and 48 percent, respectively, to detect changes during the nutrient-management phase. Likewise, loads to total nitrogen and phosphorus in base flow need to be reduced by 62 and 57 percent.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914006","usgsCitation":"Fishel, D.K., Langland, M., and Truhlar, M.V., 1991, Hydrology and the hypothetical effects of reducing nutrient applications on water quality in the Bald Eagle Creek Headwaters, southeastern Pennsylvania prior to implementation of agricultural best-management practices: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4006, vi, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914006.","productDescription":"vi, 59 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394837,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47448.htm"},{"id":123520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4006/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55961,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4006/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Bald Eagle Creek headwaters","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.4778,\n              39.7458\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4653,\n              39.7458\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4653,\n              39.7583\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4778,\n              39.7583\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.4778,\n              39.7458\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e847","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishel, D. K.","contributorId":72028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langland, M. J.","contributorId":36173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langland","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Truhlar, M. V.","contributorId":96724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truhlar","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":33803,"text":"b1947 - 1991 - Factors affecting the recognition of faults exposed in exploratory trenches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-21T13:53:09","indexId":"b1947","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1947","title":"Factors affecting the recognition of faults exposed in exploratory trenches","docAbstract":"<p>Trenching-a widely used method for evaluating fault activity-has limitations that can mislead investigators. Some segments of fault strands in trench walls may not be visible, and this nonvisibility can lead to incorrect interpretations of time of most recent displacement and recurrence intervals on a fault. </p><p>We examined the logs of 163 trench exposures and tabulated data on more than 1,200 fault strands to investigate three categories of nonvisibility: (1) strands with obscure (invisible or poorly visible) segments, (2) strands that die out upward, and (3) strands that die out downward. About 14 percent of all the strands have obscure segments. Of the 143 strands on which it is possible to recognize dieout up (limited to strands for which position of ground surface at time of faulting is known), 45 percent do die out upward, and the fraction exceeds 70 percent for strike-slip and reverse faults. Thus a fault strand overlain by an apparently undisturbed deposit is not necessarily older than the deposit. More than 30 percent of all the strands die out downward, providing more evidence that fault strands can end for reasons other than being covered by deposits younger than the fault. </p><p>Analysis of trench-log data revealed various relations between geologic factors and nonvisibility of fault strands. For example, fault type affects the incidence of nonvisibility, which is generally most common on strike-slip faults, less common on reverse faults, and least common on normal fau Its. The type of material penetrated by the fault also influences nonvisibility, which tends to be more common in soil horizons and sand, and less common in gravel. Dieout down is weakly influenced by fault displacement, decreasing in frequency with increase in displacement; the frequencies of obscure segments and dieout up do not vary consistently with fault displacement. Frequency of obscure segments generally decreases with increase in length of obscure segments, and frequency of dieout up generally decreases with depth of dieout up. Length of obscure segments and depth of dieout up are typically less than the effective thickness of associated beds. On the basis of few data, obscure segments seem to&nbsp;be more common on faults with younger, rather than older, ages of latest displacement.&nbsp;</p><p>Our study revealed additional relations not directly related to nonvisibility. For example, the median widths of faults crossed by the trenches vary by fault type, strike-slip faults being narrower than dip-slip faults. In the shallow and mostly unconsolidated materials cut by the trenches, fault widths show only an erratic and, at best, weak relationship to fault displacements. Hanging walls are deformed more frequently than footwalls in dip-slip faults, but both walls are deformed at more than 30 percent of the exposures. </p><p>We tabulated several phenomena that may indicate faulting or provide evidence of prehistorical earthquakes. Rotation of pebbles was identified in 41 percent of the exposures having gravel in the fault zone; type of fault has no strong influence on the incidence of pebble rotation. Fissures were recorded at 52 percent of the exposures and were more common in strike-slip and normal faults than in reverse fau Its. Gouge was reported at 1 5 percent of the exposures; fault type has no significant influence on its frequency. Slickensides were noted at 10 percent of the exposures, and fault type has an unknown influence on their incidence. Slickensides in unconsolidated materials were restricted to clay, silt, and gouge. Other mechanical or hydrologic effects related to faulting or earthquakesrubble, breccia, mixing, crushing, polishing, water barriers, c;ind probable liquefaction effects-were reported at fewer than 1 0 percent of the exposures. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b1947","usgsCitation":"Bonilla, M.G., and Lienkaemper, J.J., 1991, Factors affecting the recognition of faults exposed in exploratory trenches: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1947, Report: v, 54 p.; Appendix:  71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1947.","productDescription":"Report: v, 54 p.; Appendix:  71 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":61708,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1947/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":342144,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1947/appendix.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":167172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1947/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a05e4b07f02db5f879e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonilla, Manuel G.","contributorId":74384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonilla","given":"Manuel","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lienkaemper, James J. 0000-0002-7578-7042 jlienk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-7042","contributorId":1941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"James","email":"jlienk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":211960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30141,"text":"wri914132 - 1991 - Predevelopment hydrology of the Salt River Indian Reservation, East Salt River Valley, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri914132","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4132","title":"Predevelopment hydrology of the Salt River Indian Reservation, East Salt River Valley, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor,","doi":"10.3133/wri914132","usgsCitation":"Thomsen, B.W., and Porcello, J., 1991, Predevelopment hydrology of the Salt River Indian Reservation, East Salt River Valley, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4132, v, 37 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914132.","productDescription":"v, 37 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4132/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58953,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acde4b07f02db67f409","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomsen, B. W.","contributorId":39768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomsen","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Porcello, J.J.","contributorId":11661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcello","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38137,"text":"ofr9173 - 1991 - Movement and fate of agricultural chemicals in the surface and subsurface environments near Plains, southwestern Georgia: Integrated work plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-13T13:11:50.271262","indexId":"ofr9173","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-73","title":"Movement and fate of agricultural chemicals in the surface and subsurface environments near Plains, southwestern Georgia: Integrated work plan","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior","doi":"10.3133/ofr9173","usgsCitation":"Hicks, D., McConnell, J.B., Asmussen, L., Leonard, R., and Smith, C., 1991, Movement and fate of agricultural chemicals in the surface and subsurface environments near Plains, southwestern Georgia: Integrated work plan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-73, iv, 26 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9173.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":64400,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0073/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Sumter 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,{"id":29340,"text":"wri914120 - 1991 - Hydrologic provinces of Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T11:55:09","indexId":"wri914120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4120","title":"Hydrologic provinces of Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents the results of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey Division, to describe the statewide hydrologic variations in Michigan's water resources. Twelve hydrologic provinces, which are based on similarities in aquifer lithology, yield, recharge, and ground-water- and surface-water-quality data, are described. The definition of statewide hydrologic characteristics and the delineation of hydrologic provinces improves the understanding of Michigan's water resources and provides a firm basis for realistic water-manangement decisions. </p><p>The 12 provinces identified areas where bedrock aquifers provide most of the potable ground water (five provinces), where glacial-deposit aquifers provide most of the potable ground water (three provinces), and where problems with water quantity and (or) quality have limited the use of ground water as a water supply (four provinces). Subprovinces are defined on the basis of regional surface-water flow directions toward each of the Great Lakes. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri914120","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey Division","usgsCitation":"Rheaume, S.J., 1991, Hydrologic provinces of Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4120, Document: viii, 73 p.; Plate: 24.78 x 30.34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914120.","productDescription":"Document: viii, 73 p.; Plate: 24.78 x 30.34 inches","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science 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J.","contributorId":70804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rheaume","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29779,"text":"wri904076 - 1991 - Hydrogeology and ground-water flow in the carbonate rocks of the Little Lehigh Creek basin, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T13:29:40","indexId":"wri904076","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4076","title":"Hydrogeology and ground-water flow in the carbonate rocks of the Little Lehigh Creek basin, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>The Little Lehigh Creek basin is underlain mainly by a complex assemblage of highly-deformed Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks. The Leithsville Formation, Allentown Dolomite, Beekmantown Group, and Jacksonburg Limestone act as a single hydrologic unit. Ground water moves through fractures and other secondary openings and generally is under water-table conditions. Median annual ground-water discharge (base flow) to Little Lehigh Creek near Allentown (station 01451500) during 1946-86 was 12.97 inches or 82 percent of streamflow. Average annual recharge for 1975-83 was 21.75 inches. Groundwater and surface-water divides do not coincide in the basin. Ground-water underflow from the Little Lehigh Creek basin to the Cedar Creek basin in 1987 was 4 inches per year. A double-mass curve analysis of the relation of cumulative precipitation at Allentown to the flow of Schantz Spring for 1956-84 showed that cessation of quarry pumping and development of ground water for public supply in the Schantz Spring basin did not affect the flow of Schantz Spring. Ground-water flow in the Little Lehigh Creek basin was simulated using a finite-difference, two-dimensional computer model. The geologic units in the modeled area were simulated as a single water-table aquifer. The 134-squaremile area of carbonate rocks between the Lehigh River and Sacony Creek was modeled to include the natural hydrologic boundaries of the ground-water-flow system. The ground-water-flow model was calibrated under steady-state conditions using 1975-83 average recharge, evapotranspiration, and pumping rates. Each geologic unit was assigned a different hydraulic conductivity. Initial aquifer hydraulic conductivity was estimated from specific-capacity data. The average (1975-83) water budget for the Little Lehigh Creek basin was simulated. The simulated base flow from the carbonate rocks of the Little Lehigh Creek basin above gaging station 01451500 is 11.85 inches per year. The simulated ground-water underflow from the Little Lehigh Creek basin to the Cedar Creek basin is 4.04 inches per year. For steady-state calibration, the root-mean-squared difference between observed and simulated heads was 21.19 feet. The effects of increased ground-water development on base flow and underflow out of the Little Lehigh Creek basin for average and drought conditions were simulated by locating a hypothetical well field in different parts of the basin. Steady-state simulations were used to represent equilibrium conditions, which would be the maximum expected long-term effect. Increased ground-water development was simulated as hypothetical well fields pumping at the rate of 15, 25, and 45 million gallons per day in addition to existing ground-water withdrawals. Four hypothetical well fields were located near and away from Little Lehigh Creek in upstream and downstream areas. The effects of pumping a well field in different parts of the Little Lehigh Creek basin were compared. Pumping a well field located near the headwaters of Little Lehigh Creek and away from the stream would have greatest effect on inducing underflow from the Sacony Greek basin and the least effect on reducing base flow and underflow to the Ceda^r Creek basin. Pumping a well field located near the headwaters of Little Leh|igh Creek near the stream would have less impact on inducing underflow from|the Sacony Creek basin and a greater impact on reducing the base flow of Little Lehigh Creek because more of the pumpage would come from diverted base flow. Pumping a well field located in the downstream area of the Little Lehigh Creek basin away from the stream would have the greatest effect on the underflow to the Cedar Creek basin. Pumping a well field located in the downstream area of the Little Lehigh Creek basin near the stream would have the greatest effect on reducing the base flow of Little Lehigh Cteek. Model simulations show that groundwater withdrawals do not cause a proportional reduction in base flow. Under average conditions, ground-water withdrawals are equal to 48 to 70 percent of simulated base-flow reductions; under drought conditions, ground-water withdrawals are equal to 35 to 73 percent of simulated base-flow reductions. The hydraulic effects of pumping largely depend on well location. In the Little Lehigh basin, surface-water and ground-water divides do not coincide, and ground-water development, especially near surface-water divides, can cause ground-water divides to shift and induce ground-water underflow from adjacent basins. Large-scale ground-water pumping in a basin may not produce expected reductions of base flow in that basin because of shifts in the ground-water divide; however, such shifts can reduce base flow in adjacent surface-water basins.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904076","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R., Cecil, L., and Senior, L., 1991, Hydrogeology and ground-water flow in the carbonate rocks of the Little Lehigh Creek basin, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4076, viii, 84 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. [PGS 83 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904076.","productDescription":"viii, 84 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. [PGS 83 p.]","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4076/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58581,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4076/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58582,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4076/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625696","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloto, R. A.","contributorId":36155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cecil, L.D.","contributorId":62616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Senior, L.A.","contributorId":32958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29839,"text":"wri904203 - 1991 - Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Klamath Basin, California and Oregon, 1988-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-02T20:02:17","indexId":"wri904203","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4203","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Klamath Basin, California and Oregon, 1988-89","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904203","usgsCitation":"Sorenson, S.K., and Schwarzbach, S., 1991, Reconnaissance investigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Klamath Basin, California and Oregon, 1988-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4203, v, 64 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904203.","productDescription":"v, 64 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4203/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58637,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.08007812499999,\n              41.9921602333763\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.40966796874999,\n              41.77131167976407\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.354736328125,\n              41.42625319507269\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.95922851562501,\n              40.9218144123785\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.673828125,\n              41.00477542222947\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.355224609375,\n              41.32732632036622\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.16845703125,\n              42.15525946577863\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.640869140625,\n              42.35042512243457\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.387939453125,\n              42.512601715736665\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.77246093750001,\n              42.44778143462245\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.01416015625,\n              42.76314586689492\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.14599609375001,\n              42.4234565179383\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.08007812499999,\n              41.9921602333763\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63eb1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorenson, S. K.","contributorId":28268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorenson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwarzbach, S.E.","contributorId":32467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarzbach","given":"S.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29443,"text":"wri904129 - 1991 - Hydrologic relations between streamflow and subalpine wetlands in Grand County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri904129","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4129","title":"Hydrologic relations between streamflow and subalpine wetlands in Grand County, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904129","usgsCitation":"Ruddy, B.C., and Williams, R., 1991, Hydrologic relations between streamflow and subalpine wetlands in Grand County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4129, v, 53 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904129.","productDescription":"v, 53 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58289,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruddy, B. C.","contributorId":65098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruddy","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, R.S. Jr.","contributorId":46102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27368,"text":"wri914163 - 1991 - Distribution of selected herbicides and nitrate in the Mississippi River and its major tributaries, April through June 1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-02T06:43:39","indexId":"wri914163","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4163","title":"Distribution of selected herbicides and nitrate in the Mississippi River and its major tributaries, April through June 1991","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","doi":"10.3133/wri914163","usgsCitation":"Goolsby, D.A., Coupe, R., and Markovchick, D., 1991, Distribution of selected herbicides and nitrate in the Mississippi River and its major tributaries, April through June 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4163, v, 35 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914163.","productDescription":"v, 35 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56230,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4163/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4163/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.3173828125,\n              46.437856895024204\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.712890625,\n              46.800059446787316\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.80078125,\n              45.89000815866184\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4716796875,\n              44.55916341529182\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.4501953125,\n              43.61221676817573\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8349609375,\n              41.73852846935917\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0986328125,\n              39.57182223734374\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.9228515625,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.845703125,\n              33.687781758439364\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.021484375,\n              31.42866311735861\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0986328125,\n              29.49698759653577\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3076171875,\n              28.69058765425071\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.1982421875,\n              28.304380682962783\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              30.524413269923986\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0986328125,\n              31.015278981711266\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.82421875,\n              33.687781758439364\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.978515625,\n              37.055177106660814\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5166015625,\n              38.92522904714054\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.681640625,\n              40.04443758460856\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.20898437499999,\n              42.293564192170095\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.2744140625,\n              44.809121700077355\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.3173828125,\n              46.437856895024204\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f56e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coupe, R.C.","contributorId":18414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markovchick, D.J.","contributorId":12078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markovchick","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27681,"text":"wri904146 - 1991 - Preliminary geologic and hydrologic evaluation of a small watershed near Plains, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-30T17:45:48.848533","indexId":"wri904146","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4146","title":"Preliminary geologic and hydrologic evaluation of a small watershed near Plains, Georgia","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904146","usgsCitation":"Hicks, D., McConnell, J.B., and Asmussen, L.E., 1991, Preliminary geologic and hydrologic evaluation of a small watershed near Plains, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4146, iv, 30 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904146.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56534,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4146/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.47113037109375,\n              31.962066108310047\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.3585205078125,\n              31.962066108310047\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.3585205078125,\n              32.05522664981892\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.47113037109375,\n              32.05522664981892\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.47113037109375,\n              31.962066108310047\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c2f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hicks, D.W.","contributorId":61795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicks","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McConnell, James B.","contributorId":28224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Asmussen, Loris E.","contributorId":62248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asmussen","given":"Loris","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29489,"text":"wri904164 - 1991 - A steady-state unsaturated-zone model to simulate pesticide transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-28T10:18:57","indexId":"wri904164","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4164","title":"A steady-state unsaturated-zone model to simulate pesticide transport","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","doi":"10.3133/wri904164","usgsCitation":"Rutledge, A.T., and Helgesen, J.O., 1991, A steady-state unsaturated-zone model to simulate pesticide transport: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4164, iv, 13 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904164.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4164/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58330,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4164/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6298","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rutledge, A. T.","contributorId":38532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutledge","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helgesen, J. O.","contributorId":62600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helgesen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38447,"text":"pp1406C - 1991 - Geochemistry of ground water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:00","indexId":"pp1406C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1406","chapter":"C","title":"Geochemistry of ground water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California","docAbstract":"Chemical and isotope analyses of ground water from 28 basins in the Basin and Range physiographic province of Arizona and parts of adjacent States were used to evaluate ground-water quality, determine processes that control ground-water chemistry, provide independent insight into the hydrologic flow system, and develop information transfer. The area is characterized by north- to northwest-trending mountains separated by alluvial basins that form a regional topography of alternating mountains and valleys. On the basis of ground-water divides or zones of minimal basin interconnection, the area was divided into 72 basins, each representing an individual aquifer system. These systems are joined in a dendritic pattern and collectively constitute the major water resource in the region. \r\n\r\nGeochemical models were developed to identify reactions and mass transfer responsible for the chemical evolution of the ground water. On the basis of mineralogy and chemistry of the two major rock associations of the area, a felsic model and a mafic model were developed to illustrate geologic, climatic, and physiographic effects on ground-water chemistry. Two distinct hydrochemical processes were identified: (1) reactions of meteoric water with minerals and gases in recharge areas and (2) reactions of ground water as it moves down the hydraulic gradient. Reactions occurring in recharge and downgradient areas can be described by a 13-component system. Major reactions are the dissolution and precipitation of calcite and dolomite, the weathering of feldspars and ferromagnesian minerals, the formation of montmorillonite, iron oxyhydroxides, and probably silica, and, in some basins, ion exchange. \r\n\r\nThe geochemical modeling demonstrated that relatively few phases are required to derive the ground-water chemistry; 14 phases-12 mineral and 2 gas-consistently account for the chemical evolution in each basin. The final phases were selected through analysis of X-ray diffraction and fluorescence data, aqueous speciation and saturation data, and mass-balance and isotopic constraints and through chemical models developed from mineral combinations among the 27 phases that were considered realistic in these geologically and mineralogically complex basins. X-ray diffraction of basin-fill sediments confirm the presence of the postulated minerals and their weathering sequences. \r\n\r\nHigh partial pressures of soil CO2 and large concentrations of dissolved CO2 in recharge areas, and the rapid depletion of CO2 downgradient, accompanied by high weathering rates of the silicates which also decrease downgradient, indicate that carbonic acid is the impetus in the weathering process. Reactions in the soil zone and the unsaturated zone are influential and, in some instances, are as important as the mineralogy of the source rock in determining ground-water compositions. \r\n\r\nThe basins can be divided geochemically into two general categories-closed systems, which evolve under closed hydrologic conditions, and open systems, which are open to CO2 and other constituents along the flow path. The ground-water chemistry of the unconfined aquifers in the eastern part of the study area and of the aquifers underlying the flood plain along the Colorado River generally evolves under open conditions. The ground-water chemistry of most basins in the central and western parts and of the confined aquifers in the eastern part evolves under closed conditions. The factors that determine whether a basin is an open or closed system are the amount of and the spatial and seasonal distribution of annual precipitation and the presence or absence of fine-grained confining units. \r\n\r\nThe basins along the Colorado River are unique among basins in the region. Virtually all ground water underlying the flood plain originated as seepage or overbank flow from the Colorado River. Initial deuterium content of about -120 per mil is indicative of precipitation from the central part of Colorado. Using chemical m","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1406C","usgsCitation":"Robertson, F.N., 1991, Geochemistry of ground water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1406, p. C1-C90, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1406C.","productDescription":"p. C1-C90","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1406c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64922,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1406c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aad69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Frederick N.","contributorId":108160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38458,"text":"pp1411C - 1991 - Geohydrology of Mesozoic rocks in the upper Colorado River basin in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, excluding the San Juan Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-15T17:42:11.330586","indexId":"pp1411C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1411","chapter":"C","title":"Geohydrology of Mesozoic rocks in the upper Colorado River basin in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, excluding the San Juan Basin","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this report is to provide a quantitative analysis of the occurrence, movement, and quality of water and the hydrologic characteristics of aquifers and confining units in the Mesozoic rocks of the Upper Colorado River Basin. The analysis is regional in scope and, hence, does not address site-specific problems caused by intricate localized quality, lithologic, or structural discontinuities. The report is intended to answer questions about the lateral flow of ground water from recharge to discharge areas, its vertical movement between aquifer systems, and the general water-yielding properties of aquifers.</p><p>Because the investigation was regional in scope, analyses of recharge, ground-water movement, discharge, and storage were based on data and interpretations from the results of previous investigations and existing files from government and private sources. Analyses of hydrologic properties and water quality were based largely on the same sources but were supplemented with a small quantity of newly collected data for areas for which this type of information was lacking. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp1411C","usgsCitation":"Freethey, G.W., and Cordy, G.E., 1991, Geohydrology of Mesozoic rocks in the upper Colorado River basin in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, excluding the San Juan Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1411, Report: x, 118 p.; 6 Plates: 41.96 in. x 40.00 in. or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1411C.","productDescription":"Report: x, 118 p.; 6 Plates: 41.96 in. x 40.00 in. or smaller","startPage":"C1","endPage":"C118","numberOfPages":"130","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438941,"rank":701,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9HPE08L","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital subsurface data of Mesozoic rocks in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico from USGS Regional Aquifer System Analysis"},{"id":104642,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4867.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4867"},{"id":64963,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/plate-6.pdf","text":"Plate 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Map showing place names of the Upper Colorado River Basin"},{"id":64962,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/plate-5.pdf","text":"Plate 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Maps showing generalized potentiometric surface, recharge and discharge areas, and direction of water movement in teh Mesozoic rocks of the Upper Colorado River Basin"},{"id":64961,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/plate-4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Fence diagram showing relative thickness and extent of Mesozoic aquifers and confining units in the Upper Colorado River Basin"},{"id":64960,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Maps showing areal extent and thickness of the Mesozoic aquifers of the Upper Colorado River Basin"},{"id":64959,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Maps showing areal extent and thickness of the Mesozoic confining units of the Upper Colorado River Basin"},{"id":64958,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Generalized stratigraphic and hydrologic correlation chart of Mesozoic rocks, Upper Colorado River Basin"},{"id":126451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64964,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1411c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.2802734375,\n              37.33522435930639\n 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      -108.10546875,\n              43.67581809328341\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.248046875,\n              44.15068115978094\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.7314453125,\n              44.276671273775186\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74218749999999,\n              42.35854391749705\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9619140625,\n              40.38002840251183\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.19238281249999,\n              38.75408327579141\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.2802734375,\n              37.33522435930639\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"Regional Aquifer-System Analysis - Upper Colorado River Basin, Excluding San Juan Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8ac6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freethey, Geoffrey W.","contributorId":25570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freethey","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cordy, Gail E.","contributorId":94296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordy","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30446,"text":"wri894204 - 1991 - Hydrology of Lakes Clara and Vandercook in north-central Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-13T21:35:23.536972","indexId":"wri894204","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4204","title":"Hydrology of Lakes Clara and Vandercook in north-central Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>Lakes Clara and Vandercook are 33- and 43-hectare lakes, respectively, located in predominantly sandy outwash in north-central Wisconsin. Annual precipitation at National Weather Service stations during the 1951-80 calendar years averaged 794 millimeters near Lake Clara and 834 millimeters near Vandercook Lake. During the 1981 water year, annual precipitation measured at the lakes as part of this study was 3 percent below average for Lake Clara and 16 percent below average for Vandercook Lake. Annual precipitation was 6 to 21 percent above average for the two lakes during the 1982 and 1983 water years. Lake stage and water-table altitudes were relatively constant at Lake Clara throughout the 3 water years of study and at Vandercook Lake during the 1981 and 1982 water years; however, Vandercook Lake stage increased 0.2 meter, and the upgradient water table increased 0.3 meter, during the 1983 water year.</p>\n<p>Hydrologic budgets show that lake inflow was dominated by precipitation (77 to 91 percent for Lake Clara and 79 to 87 percent for Vandercook Lake). Ground water accounted for the remaining inflow to Vandercook Lake; however, Lake Clara received approximately equal contributions from ground-water inflow and overland flow. Evaporation was the major form of lake outflow (59 to 75 percent for Lake Clara and 59 to 63 percent for Vandercook Lake). The remaining outflow from Vandercook Lake was to the ground-water system, but Lake Clara lost approximately equal amounts by surface and ground-water outflow. Hydraulic residence times were 4 to 5 years for both lakes. Chemical residence times for conservative constituents were 11 to 21 years for Lake Clara and 10 to 13 years for Vandercook Lake.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894204","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Wentz, D., and Rose, W.J., 1991, Hydrology of Lakes Clara and Vandercook in north-central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4204, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894204.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4204/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59229,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4204/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":466165,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47280.htm","text":"Lake Clara","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":466166,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47281.htm","text":"Lake Vandercook","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Lincoln County, Vilas County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Clara, Lake Vandercook","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.6917,\n              45.9889\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6917,\n              45.975\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.675,\n              45.975\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.675,\n              45.9889\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6917,\n              45.9889\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.57684112300198,\n              45.51811623533976\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.57684112300198,\n              45.50813456388167\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.56724596836187,\n              45.50813456388167\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.56724596836187,\n              45.51811623533976\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.57684112300198,\n              45.51811623533976\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604895","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wentz, D.A.","contributorId":85206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentz","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, W. J.","contributorId":14433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30027,"text":"wri914127 - 1991 - Field experiments and simulations of infiltration-rate response to changes in hydrologic conditions for an artificial-recharge test basin near Oakes, southeastern North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T13:49:02","indexId":"wri914127","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4127","title":"Field experiments and simulations of infiltration-rate response to changes in hydrologic conditions for an artificial-recharge test basin near Oakes, southeastern North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Ponded depth in an artificial-recharge basin was used as a management option to conduct turbid water from the James River to the Oakes aquifer. Infiltration-rate response to changes in ponded depth was evaluated for a 15xl5-meter artificial-recharge test basin constructed in a medium-sandy soil in the irrigation area near Oakes, southeastern North Dakota. Field experiments conducted at the test basin indicated that the clogged soil surface was easily scoured by currents caused by the addition of turbid water to increase ponded depth. Field measurements and computer-model simulations indicated that infiltration-rate response to an increase in ponded depth would be large for a clogged soil condition consisting of a surface filter-cake layer 0.1 centimeter in depth underlain by a sediment-clogged layer extending from 0.1 to 23 centimeters beneath the basin floor. Simulated infiltration-rate response to changes in ponded depth for surface filter-cake layer impedance values ranging from 0 to 1,000 hours indicated that infiltration-rate response would approach and remain near the maximum value for impedance values greater than 10 hours. The smallest infiltration-rate response would occur for impedance values less than 1 hour. For the case of a ground-water mound intersecting the basin floor, the percentage of infiltration-rate response to changes in ponded depth was not influenced by basin geometry, basin surface area, or underlying aquifer hydraulic conductivity. The simulated infiltration-rate response to changes in ponded depth increased when the water-table depth was shallow. Total recharge per unit area was greater for artificial-recharge basins having a less compact geometry than for artificial-recharge basins having a more compact geometry, for artificial-recharge basins having a small surface area than for artificial-recharge basins having a large surface area, and for artificial-recharge basins where underlying aquifer hydraulic conductivity was large rather than small. Artificial-recharge basin conditions most conducive to an effective infiltration-rate response to changes in ponded depth were least conducive to an enhanced total recharge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914127","usgsCitation":"Sumner, D.M., Schuh, W., and Cline, R., 1991, Field experiments and simulations of infiltration-rate response to changes in hydrologic conditions for an artificial-recharge test basin near Oakes, southeastern North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4127, v, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914127.","productDescription":"v, 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58831,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f598b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sumner, D. M.","contributorId":100827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumner","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuh, W.M.","contributorId":76367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuh","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cline, R.L.","contributorId":41473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cline","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30031,"text":"wri914122 - 1991 - Bibliography of Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the US Geological Survey, 1978-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T14:05:31","indexId":"wri914122","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4122","title":"Bibliography of Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the US Geological Survey, 1978-91","docAbstract":"<p>The Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) Program of the U.S. Geological Survey was initiated in 1978. The purpose of this program is to define the regional geohydrology and establish a framework of background information on geology, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Nation's important aquifer systems. This information is critically needed to develop an understanding of the Nation's major ground-water flow systems and to support better management of ground-water resources.</p><p>As of May 1991, 28 of the Nation's major aquifer systems have been identified for study under this program. Of these, 17 regional aquifer-system studies have been completed, and 8 studies are ongoing. Starting in 1988, the program devoted part of its resources to compilation of a Nationwide ground-water atlas that presents a comprehensive summary of the Nation's major ground-water resources. The atlas, which is designed in a graphical format supported by descriptive text, will serve as a basic reference for the location, geography, geology, and hydrologic characteristics of the major aquifers in the Nation.</p><p>This bibliography lists the published 876 reports resulting from various studies of the program, from 1978 through May 1991. The list of reports for each study is placed after a brief description of that study.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914122","usgsCitation":"Sun, R.J., and Weeks, J., 1991, Bibliography of Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the US Geological Survey, 1978-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4122, iv, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914122.","productDescription":"iv, 92 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4122/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":349814,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629905","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sun, Ren Jen","contributorId":68721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Ren","email":"","middleInitial":"Jen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weeks, John B.","contributorId":36123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29631,"text":"wri904200 - 1991 - Computer software for converting ground-water and water-quality data from the National Water Information System for use in a geographic information system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:54","indexId":"wri904200","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4200","title":"Computer software for converting ground-water and water-quality data from the National Water Information System for use in a geographic information system","docAbstract":"A geographic information system (GIS) is computer software that provides the capabilities to rapidly display and analyze spatially referenced data. To use a GIS efficiently, software is needed that provides a link between existing spatially referenced data-base systems and the GIS.\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stores large amounts of spatially referenced hydrologic data in computerized data-base systems. Currently, these data-base systems are physically located on computers that are installed in many USGS offices nationwide. This report describes software that can be used quickly and easily to convert site-description and water-quality data from these data-base systems to the GIS that is used by the USGS. The software described in this report is designed to be used with the same hardware and software that is available to most USGS personnel.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904200","usgsCitation":"Scott, J.C., 1991, Computer software for converting ground-water and water-quality data from the National Water Information System for use in a geographic information system: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4200, iv, 55 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904200.","productDescription":"iv, 55 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4200/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58451,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4200/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a75e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, J. C.","contributorId":75901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30310,"text":"wri914091 - 1991 - Plan to evaluate the effects of hydrogeologic conditions and human activities on water quality in the coastal plain of New York and New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-02T19:43:42","indexId":"wri914091","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4091","title":"Plan to evaluate the effects of hydrogeologic conditions and human activities on water quality in the coastal plain of New York and New Jersey","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914091","usgsCitation":"Vowinkel, E., and Siwiec, S.F., 1991, Plan to evaluate the effects of hydrogeologic conditions and human activities on water quality in the coastal plain of New York and New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4091, v, 42 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914091.","productDescription":"v, 42 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59102,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, New 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