Studies conducted in an aquifer contaminated by creosote suggest that quinoline is converted to 2(1H)quinolinone by an indigenous consortium of microorganisms. Laboratory microbial experiments using H218O indicate that water is the source of the oxygen atom for this hydroxylation reaction under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.54.3.827-829.1988","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Rostad, C., Leiker, T., Updegraff, D., and Bennett, J., 1988, Microbial hydroxylation of quinoline in contaminated groundwater: evidence for incorporation of the oxygen atom of water.: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 54, no. 3, p. 827-829, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.3.827-829.1988.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"827","endPage":"829","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480004,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.3.827-829.1988","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":219827,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5650e4b0c8380cd6d4d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leiker, T.J.","contributorId":96719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leiker","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Updegraff, D.M.","contributorId":13251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Updegraff","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bennett, J.L.","contributorId":101004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70013805,"text":"70013805 - 1988 - New equal-area map projections for noncircular regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T14:53:16","indexId":"70013805","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":709,"text":"American Cartographer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New equal-area map projections for noncircular regions","docAbstract":"A series of new equal-area map projections has been devised. Called Oblated Equal-Area, its lines of constant distortion follow approximately oval or rectangular paths instead of the circles of the Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection or the straight lines of the Cylindrical Equal-Area projection. The projection series permits design of equal-area maps of oblong regions with less overall distortion of shape and scale than equal-area maps on other projections.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Cartographer","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ingenta Connect","doi":"10.1559/152304088783886784","issn":"00941689","usgsCitation":"Snyder, J., 1988, New equal-area map projections for noncircular regions: American Cartographer, v. 15, no. 4, p. 341-355, https://doi.org/10.1559/152304088783886784.","startPage":"341","endPage":"355","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220559,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269235,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1559/152304088783886784"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6573e4b0c8380cd72bca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, John P.","contributorId":16878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"John P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013168,"text":"70013168 - 1988 - Geochemistry of water at Cajon Pass, California: Preliminary results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T01:17:58.171448","indexId":"70013168","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of water at Cajon Pass, California: Preliminary results","docAbstract":"Samples of water and associated gases were collected from the Cajon Pass well using downhole samplers, and from the pipe stands at the completion of drill stem tests. The fluids were recovered from fracture systems in granitic rocks from two uncased test intervals located at 1,829 to 1,905 m and 1,829 to 2,115 m. Results of chemical analysis indicate major differences in the composition of water from different fracture systems. Water from one fracture system in the first test interval has a salinity of 2,150 mg/L dissolved solids and is relatively high in Cl, Ca and Fe, but low in HCO3 and SO4; water salinity from a second fracture system is only 950 mg/L and is dominated by Na, HCO3 and SO4. Most of the water from the second interval likely originated from one fracture system; it is alkaline, low in HCO3, has a salinity of 1,150 mg/L, and is a NaSO4 type water characteristic of pore water in the granitic rocks of the area. The differences in water composition indicate different evolutionary paths and isolation of water within relatively proximal fracture systems.
Of the numerous kinds of dams that form by natural processes, dams formed from landslides, glacial ice, and late-neoglacial moraines present the greatest threat to people and property. Landslide dams form in a wide range of physiographic settings. The most common types of mass movements that form landslide dams are rock and debris avalanches; rock and soil slumps and slides; and mud, debris, and earth flows. The most common initiation mechanisms for dam-forming landslides are excessive rainfall and snowmelt and earthquakes.
Landslide dams can be classified into six categories based on their relation with the valley floor. Type I dams (11% of 184 landslide dams from around the world that we were able to classify) do not reach from one valley side to the other. Type II dams (44%) span the entire valley floor, in some cases depositing material high on opposite valley sides. Type III dams (41%) move considerable distances both upstream and downstream from the landslide failure. Type IV dams (<1%) are rare and involve the contemporaneous failure of material from both sides of a valley. Type V dams (<1%) also are rare and are created when a single landslide sends multiple tongues of debris into a valley and forms two or more landslide dams in the same reach of river. Type VI dams (3%) involve one or more failure surfaces that extend under the stream or valley and emerge on the opposite valley side.
Many landslide dams fail shortly after formation. In our sample of 73 documented landslide-dam failures, 27% of the landslide dams failed less than 1 day after formation, and about 50% failed within 10 days. Over-topping is by far the most common cause of failure. The timing of failure and the magnitude of the resulting floods are controlled by dam size and geometry; material characteristics of the blockage; rate of inflow to the impoundment; size and depth of the impoundment; bedrock control of flow; and engineering controls such as artificial spill-ways, diversions, tunnels, and planned breaching by blasting or conventional excavation.
Glacial-ice dams can produce at least nine kinds of ice-dammed lakes. The most dangerous are lakes formed in main valleys dammed by tributary glaciers. Failure can occur by erosion of a drainage tunnel under or through the ice dam or by a channel over the ice dam. Cold polar-ice dams generally drain supraglacially or marginally by downmelting of an outlet channel. Warmer, temperate-ice dams tend to fail by sudden englacial or subglacial breaching and drainage.
Late-neoglacial moraine-dammed lakes are located in steep mountain areas affected by the advances and retreats of valley glaciers in the last several centuries. These late-neoglacial dams pose hazards because (1) they are sufficiently young that vegetation has not stabilized their slopes, (2) many dam faces are steeper than the angle of repose, (3) these dams and lakes are immediately downslope from steep crevassed glaciers and near-vertical rock slopes, and (4) downstream from these dams are steep canyons with easily erodible materials that can be incorporated in the flow and increase flood peaks. The most common reported failure mechanism is overtopping and breaching by a wave or series of waves in the lake generated by icefalls, rockfalls, or snow or rock avalanches. Melting of ice cores or frozen ground and piping and seepage are other possible failure mechanisms.
Natural dams may cause upstream flooding as the lake rises and downstream flooding as a result of failure of the dam. Although data are few, for the same potential energy at the dam site, ownstream flood peaks from the failure of glacier-ice dams are smaller than those from landslide, moraine, and structed earth-fill and rock-fill dam failures. Moraine-dam failures appear to produce some of the largest downstream flood peaks for potential energy at the dam site greater than 1011-1012 joules. Differences in flood peaks natural-dam failures appear to be controlled by dam characteristics and failure mechanisms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<1054:TFAFON>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Costa, J.E., and Schuster, R.L., 1988, The formation and failure of natural dams: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 100, no. 7, p. 1054-1068, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<1054:TFAFON>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1054","endPage":"1068","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e7de4b0c8380cd534aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Costa, John E.","contributorId":105743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Robert L.","contributorId":19162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013835,"text":"70013835 - 1988 - Decline in long-term growth trends of white oak","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:39","indexId":"70013835","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decline in long-term growth trends of white oak","docAbstract":"Quercus alba tree-ring collections from 89 locations throughout much of its range, from Connecticut to North Carolina to Iowa, were examined for evidence of growth decline initiated in the 1950s. The expected trend of annual basal area increments, based on pre-1950 growth, appears to be linear, with the slope varying among collections relative to site quality. Growth decline, defined as departure of actual growth below that expected, was identified in 40 to 60 collections judged to have not been affected by local site histories. The percentage of collections showing decline was essentially the same in the Northeast, the Midwest and the Southeast. Onset of decline began during a relatively narrow time window from the mid-1950's to the early 1960's. Since then the growth trend has been linear and appears unrelated to changes in regional sulfur and nitrogen oxide emissions. Events or conditions, unique to the 1950's, initiated a growth rate change in c 2/3 of the stands examined. Initiation of the decline appears to be unrelated to tree age, geographic location, site quality, climatic trends, or regional emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00455067","usgsCitation":"Phipps, R., and Whiton, J., 1988, Decline in long-term growth trends of white oak: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 18, no. 1, p. 24-32.","startPage":"24","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe09e4b0c8380cd4eaaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phipps, R.L.","contributorId":23985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phipps","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiton, J.C.","contributorId":63529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiton","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013303,"text":"70013303 - 1988 - Semianalytical computation of path lines for finite-difference models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-20T11:21:41.615036","indexId":"70013303","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Semianalytical computation of path lines for finite-difference models","docAbstract":"A semianalytical particle tracking method was developed for use with velocities generated from block centered finite-difference ground-water flow models. The method is based on the assumption that each directional velocity component varies linearly within a grid cell in its own coordinate directions. This assumption allows an analytical expression to be obtained describing the flow path within an individual grid cell. Given the initial position of a particle anywhere in a cell, the coordinates of any other point along its path line within the cell, and the time of travel between them, can be computed directly. For steady-state systems, the exit point for a particle entering a cell at any arbitrary location can be computed in a single step. By following the particle as it moves from cell to cell, this method can be used to trace the path of a particle through any multidimensional flow field generated from a block-centered finite-difference flow model.
The serologic response of Rio Grande wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia) to Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) was determined. Free-ranging turkeys were caught in southern Texas, shipped to the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and housed in isolation facilities. Fourteen birds were exposed to MG, by intratracheal and intranasal inoculation. Eight birds received sterile broth only. Two wk prior to the end of the experiment, MG exposed turkeys were stressed by challenge with a serologically unrelated mycoplasma. Serum from all exposed birds reacted positively for MG antibody by the rapid plate agglutination (RPA) procedure within 2 mo postexposure (PE) and all but one remained positive for 14 mo PE. Less than one half of the exposed birds developed positive MG antibody titers detectable by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test within 2 mo PE, and by 10 mo PE, none had positive titers. Antibody was detected by the HI test in two of 11 infected turkeys, 14 mo PE, and titers increased significantly within 2 wk. MG was isolated from tracheal swabs from two infected birds 2 mo PE, but attempts thereafter failed. However, at the termination of the experiment 15 mo later, MG was isolated from lung tissue of three of 11 exposed turkeys and from a blood clot found in the lower trachea of one bird.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-24.4.668","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., and Yuill, T.M., 1988, Serologic response of Rio Grande wild turkeys to experimental infections of Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 24, no. 4, p. 668-671, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.4.668.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"668","endPage":"671","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480048,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.4.668","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":135963,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.16921997070312,\n 28.496453927665872\n ],\n [\n -100.16921997070312,\n 28.84707946871795\n ],\n [\n -99.8272705078125,\n 28.84707946871795\n ],\n [\n -99.8272705078125,\n 28.496453927665872\n ],\n [\n -100.16921997070312,\n 28.496453927665872\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7f51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yuill, Thomas M.","contributorId":60580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuill","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014164,"text":"1014164 - 1988 - Pathological effects of orally administered estradiol to rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-08T15:59:39.996813","indexId":"1014164","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pathological effects of orally administered estradiol to rainbow trout","docAbstract":"Mortality was high in an experimental group of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed estradiol as part of a sex reversal study. Pathology included hypertrophy of the kidneys and liver and heavy accumulations of presumptive vitellogenin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0044-8486(88)90156-1","usgsCitation":"Herman, R.L., and Kincaid, H.L., 1988, Pathological effects of orally administered estradiol to rainbow trout: Aquaculture, v. 72, p. 165-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(88)90156-1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132070,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b16b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herman, Roger L.","contributorId":106184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kincaid, Harold L.","contributorId":15978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kincaid","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013846,"text":"70013846 - 1988 - Nationwide regression models for predicting urban runoff water quality at unmonitored sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T14:30:13","indexId":"70013846","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3718,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-1370","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nationwide regression models for predicting urban runoff water quality at unmonitored sites","docAbstract":"Regression models are presented that can be used to estimate mean loads for chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, dissolved solids, total nitrogen, total ammonia plus nitrogen, total phosphorous, dissolved phosphorous, total copper, total lead, and total zinc at unmonitored sites in urban areas. Explanatory variables include drainage area, imperviousness of drainage basin to infiltration, mean annual rainfall, a land-use indicator variable, and mean minimum January temperature. Model parameters are estimated by a generalized-least-squares regression method that accounts for cross correlation and differences in reliability of sample estimates between sites. The regression models account for 20 to 65 percent of the total variation in observed loads.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03026.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Tasker, G.D., and Driver, N.E., 1988, Nationwide regression models for predicting urban runoff water quality at unmonitored sites: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1091-1101, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03026.x.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1101","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267754,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03026.x"},{"id":219899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6299e4b0c8380cd71fe7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":83097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driver, N. E.","contributorId":63398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driver","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013830,"text":"70013830 - 1988 - The effect of mining on the sediment - trace element geochemistry of cores from the Cheyenne River arm of Lake Oahe, South Dakota, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T20:52:19","indexId":"70013830","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of mining on the sediment - trace element geochemistry of cores from the Cheyenne River arm of Lake Oahe, South Dakota, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Six cores, ranging in length from 1 to 2 m, were collected in the Cheyenne River arm of Lake Oahe, South Dakota, to investigate potential impacts from gold-mining operations around Lead, South Dakota. Sedimentation rates in the river arm appear to be event-dominated and rapid, on the order of 6-7 cm yr.-1. All the chemical concentrations in the core samples fall within the wide ranges previously reported for the Pierre Shale of Cretaceous age and with the exception of As, generally are similar to bed sediment levels in the Cheyenne River, Lake Oahe and Foster Bay. Based on the downcore distribution of Mn, it appears that reducing conditions exist in the sediment column of the river arm below 2-3 cm. The reducing conditions do not appear to be severe enough to produce differentiation of Fe and Mn throughout the sediment column in the river arm. Cross-correlations for high-level metal-bearing strata within the sediment column can be made for several strata and for several cores; however, cross-correlations for all the high-level metal-bearing strata are not feasible. As is the only element which appears enriched in the core samples compared to surface sediment levels. Well-crystallized arsenopyrite was found in high-As bearing strata from two cores and probably was transported in that form from reducing sediment-storage sites in the banks or floodplains of Whitewood Creek and the Belle Fourche River. It has not oxidized due to the reducing conditions in the sediment column of the Cheyenne River arm. Some As may also be transported in association with Fe- and Mn-oxides and -hydroxides, remobilized under the reducing conditions in the river arm, and then reprecipitated in authigenic sulfide phases. In either case, the As appears to be relatively immobile in the sediment column. ?? 1988.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(88)90003-4","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Horowitz, A.J., Elrick, K.A., and Callender, E., 1988, The effect of mining on the sediment - trace element geochemistry of cores from the Cheyenne River arm of Lake Oahe, South Dakota, U.S.A.: Chemical Geology, v. 67, no. 1-2, p. 17-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90003-4.","startPage":"17","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266090,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90003-4"},{"id":220280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab37e4b08c986b322cce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horowitz, A. J.","contributorId":102066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elrick, K. A.","contributorId":98731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elrick","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Callender, E.","contributorId":72528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callender","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013149,"text":"70013149 - 1988 - Thermal regime of the State 2-14 well, Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T16:11:48.021465","indexId":"70013149","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal regime of the State 2-14 well, Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project","docAbstract":"Temperature logs were made repeatedly during breaks in drilling and both during and after flow tests in the Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project well (State 2–14). The purpose of these logs was to assist in identifying zones of fluid loss or grain and to characterize reservoir temperatures. At the conclusion of the active phase of the project, a series of logs was begun in an attempt to establish the equilibrium temperature profile. Initially, we were able to log to depths below 3 km, but beginning in late May of 1986, it was impossible to log below about 1.8 km owing to casing failure. Our best estimates of formation temperature below 1.8 km are 305° ± 5°C at 1890 m and 355° ± 10°C at 3170 m. For the upper 1.8 km the latest temperature log (October 24, 1986), using a digital “slickline” (heat-shielded downhole recording) device, was within a few degrees Celsius of equilibrium, as confirmed by a more recent log (July 31, 1987) to a depth of ∼ 1 km. As in most other wells in the Salton Sea geothermal field, there is an impermeable, thermally conductive “cap” on the hydrothermal system; this cap extends to a depth of more than 900 m at the State 2–14 well. Thermal conductivities of 19 samples of drill cuttings from this interval were measured at room temperature. The conductivity values were corrected for in situ porosity as determined from geophysical logs and for the effects of elevated temperature. Thermal gradients decrease from about 250 mK m−1 (same as degrees Celsius per kilometer) in the upper few hundred meters to just below 200 mK m−1 near the base of the conductive cap. Using one interpretation, thermal conductivities increase with depth (mainly because of decreasing porosity), resulting in component heat flows that agree reasonably well with the mean of about 450 m W m−2. This value agrees well with heat flow data from shallow wells within the Salton Sea geothermal field. A second interpretation, in which measured temperature coefficients of quartz- and carbonate-rich rocks are used to correct thermal conductivity, results in lower mean conductivities that are roughly constant with depth and, consequently, systematically decreasing heat flux averaging about 350 mW m−2 below 300 m. This interpretation is consistent with the inference (from fluid inclusion studies) that the rocks in this part of the field were once several tens of degrees Celsius hotter than they are now. The age of this possible disturbance is estimated at a few thousand years.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB11p12995","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., Priest, S.S., Duda, L., Carson, C., Hendricks, J.D., and Robison, L., 1988, Thermal regime of the State 2-14 well, Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B11, p. 12995-13004, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB11p12995.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"12995","endPage":"13004","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb254e4b08c986b325723","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":365410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Priest, S. S.","contributorId":78318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, L.E.","contributorId":42708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carson, C.C.","contributorId":62743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hendricks, J. D.","contributorId":40187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robison, L.C.","contributorId":17234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robison","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1003146,"text":"1003146 - 1988 - Control of nuisance populations of crayfish with traps and toxicants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T15:53:04.544531","indexId":"1003146","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Control of nuisance populations of crayfish with traps and toxicants","docAbstract":"Crayfish have long been a nuisance in fishrearing ponds at fish hatcheries. The rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) has displaced endemic species and caused serious declines of aquatic plants in some ponds and lakes in the midwestern USA. We attempted to evaluate the effect of intensive trapping on a crayfish population and to identify a selective chemical control agent and evaluate its effectiveness under field conditions. A crayfish population in a small pond was suppressed but not eliminated by trapping; adults were effectively harvested but efficiency diminished sharply as the population declined. Of 19 chemicals tested as possible control agents for crayfish, a synthetic pyrethroid (Baythroid) was by far the most toxic; 25 μg/L produced a complete kill of crayfish in the pond and was also the most selective for crayfish in laboratory tests.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050%3C0103:CONPOC%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bills, T., and Marking, L.L., 1988, Control of nuisance populations of crayfish with traps and toxicants: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 50, no. 2, p. 103-106, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050%3C0103:CONPOC%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134496,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688d4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bills, T.D.","contributorId":6393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marking, L. L.","contributorId":90661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marking","given":"L.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013826,"text":"70013826 - 1988 - Near-bottom currents over the continental slope in the Mid-Atlantic Bight","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-30T00:48:29.019181","indexId":"70013826","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-bottom currents over the continental slope in the Mid-Atlantic Bight","docAbstract":"From a set of 28 current meter records we have found that near-bottom currents faster than 0.2 m s-1 occur frequently over the outer continental shelf of the Mid-Atlantic Bight (bottom depth <210 m) but very rarely (<1% of the time) between bottom depths of 500 m and 2 km over the slope. The rarity of strong near-bottom flow over the middle and lower slope allows the accumulation of fine-grained sediment and organic carbon in this region. Fast near-bottom currents which do occur over the slope are invariably associated with topographic waves, although it is often superimposed inertial oscillations which increase current speed above the level of 0.2 m s-1. Episodes of intense inertial oscillations occur randomly and last typically for 10-20 days. Their energy source is unknown. Topographic wave energy exhibits a slight, but statistically significant, minimum over the mid-slope. These waves appear irregularly and vary both along isobaths and in time. The irregularity is presumably a consequence of random topographic wave generation by Gulf Stream instability. The current regime within sea-floor depressions in the slope (canyons and gullies) is distinctly different from that of the open slope; most notable is the near absence of topographic wave motion within depressions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0278-4343(88)90070-2","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Csanady, G., Churchill, J., and Butman, B., 1988, Near-bottom currents over the continental slope in the Mid-Atlantic Bight: Continental Shelf Research, v. 8, no. 5-7, p. 653-671, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(88)90070-2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"671","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"5-7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63d9e4b0c8380cd72728","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Csanady, G.T.","contributorId":62340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Csanady","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Churchill, J.H.","contributorId":46687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Churchill","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Butman, B.","contributorId":85580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}