Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) are engineered structures that attempt to mitigate the impacts of stormwater, which can include nitrogen inputs from the surrounding drainage area. The goal of this study was to assess bacterial community composition in different types of stormwater BMP soils to establish whether a particular BMP type harbors more denitrification potential. Soil sampling took place over the summer of 2015 following precipitation events. Soils were sampled from four bioretention facilities, four dry ponds, four surface sand filters, and one dry swale. 16S rRNA gene analysis of extracted DNA and RNA amplicons indicated high bacterial diversity in the soils of all BMP types sampled. An abundance of denitrifiers was also indicated in the extracted DNA using presence/absence of nirS, nirK, and nosZ denitrification genes. BMP soil bacterial communities were impacted by the surrounding soil physiochemistry. Based on the identification of a metabolically-active community of denitrifiers, this study has indicated that denitrification could potentially occur under appropriate conditions in all types of BMP sampled, including surface sand filters that are often viewed as providing low potential for denitrification. The carbon content of incoming stormwater could be providing bacterial communities with denitrification conditions. The findings of this study are especially relevant for land managers in watersheds with legacy nitrogen from former agricultural land use.
Hybridization is a natural process at species-range boundaries that may variably promote the speciation process or break down species barriers but minimally will influence management outcomes of distinct populations. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) have broad and overlapping distributions in North America and a recognized capacity for interspecific hybridization. In response to contemporary environmental change to any of one or multiple still-unknown factors, mule deer range is contracting westward accompanied by a westward expansion of white-tailed deer, leading to increasing interactions, opportunities for gene flow, and associated conservation implications. To quantify genetic diversity, phylogenomic structure, and dynamics of hybridization in sympatric populations of white-tailed and mule deer, we used mitochondrial cytochrome b data coupled with SNP loci discovered with double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. We recovered 25,018 SNPs across 92 deer samples from both species, collected from two regions of western Kansas. Eight individuals with unambiguous external morphology representing both species were of hybrid origin (8.7%), and represented the product of multi-generational backcrossing. Mitochondrial data showed both ancient and recent directional discordance with morphological species assignments, reflecting a legacy of mule deer males mating with white-tailed deer females. Mule deer had lower genetic diversity than white-tailed deer, and both mitochondrial and nuclear data suggest contemporary mule deer effective population decline. Landscape genetic analyses show relative isolation between the two study regions for white-tailed deer, but greater connectivity among mule deer, with predominant movement from north to south. Collectively, our results suggest a long history of gene flow between these species in the Great Plains and hint at evolutionary processes that purge incompatible functional genomic elements as a result of hybridization. Surviving hybrids evidently may be reproductive, but with unknown consequences for the future integrity of these species, population trajectories, or relative susceptibility to emerging pathogens.
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\"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Combe, Fraser J.","contributorId":288530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Combe","given":"Fraser","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":33062,"text":"Division of Biology, Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaster, Levi","contributorId":288531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaster","given":"Levi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61790,"text":"Kansas Department of Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ricketts, Andrew","contributorId":288532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ricketts","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61791,"text":"Wildlife and Outdoor Enterprise Management, Department of Horticulture and Natural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hope, Andrew G.","contributorId":288533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew G.","affiliations":[{"id":33062,"text":"Division of Biology, Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70229457,"text":"70229457 - 2022 - Supplemental habitat is reservoir dependent: Identifying optimal planting decision using Bayesian Decision Networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-09T15:49:19.092846","indexId":"70229457","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-01T09:44:54","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supplemental habitat is reservoir dependent: Identifying optimal planting decision using Bayesian Decision Networks","docAbstract":"Environmental management often requires making decisions despite system uncertainty. One such example is mudflat mediation in flood control reservoirs. Reservoir mudflats limit development of diverse fish assemblages due to the lack of structural habitat provided by plants. Seeding mudflats with agricultural plants may mimic floodplain wetlands once inundated and provide fish habitat and achieve habitat management objectives. However, planting success is uncertain because of unpredictable water level fluctuations that affect plant survival and growth. Decision support tools can account for uncertainty that influences decision outcomes and reduce the risk in reservoir mudflat planting decisions. We used Bayesian decision networks and sensitivity analyses to quantify uncertainty surrounding mudflat plantings as supplemental fish habitat in four northwest Mississippi reservoirs. When averaged across all uncertainty, planting was the optimal decision only in Enid Lake. Response profiles indicated planting decisions depended on elevation contours within Enid, Sardis, and Grenada reservoirs. No planting was optimal at all elevations for Arkabutla Lake. These results provide a quantified basis for establishing best management practices and identify key system states that influence decision outcomes. The process used in this study to evaluate planting decisions can be applied to any reservoir by modifying reservoir dependent inputs to evaluate planting decisions to provide supplemental fish habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114139","usgsCitation":"Norris, D.M., Colvin, M.E., Miranda, L.E., and Lashley, M.A., 2022, Supplemental habitat is reservoir dependent: Identifying optimal planting decision using Bayesian Decision Networks: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 304, 114139, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114139.","productDescription":"114139, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125224","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.15380859375,\n 33.43144133557529\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 33.43144133557529\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -90.15380859375,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -90.15380859375,\n 33.43144133557529\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"304","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norris, D. M.","contributorId":271192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norris","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colvin, M. E.","contributorId":275884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colvin","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lashley, M. A.","contributorId":278603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lashley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70226719,"text":"70226719 - 2022 - Review of ESA SYMP 7: A dynamic perspective on ecosystem restoration–establishing temporal connectivity at the intersection between paleoecology and restoration ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:28:32.758596","indexId":"70226719","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-27T06:56:23","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9941,"text":"Bulletin Ecological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of ESA SYMP 7: A dynamic perspective on ecosystem restoration–establishing temporal connectivity at the intersection between paleoecology and restoration ecology","docAbstract":"Landscape connectivity is vital not only spatially, but also temporally; as ecosystems change, it is important to be aware of past, present, and future variables that may impact ecosystem function and biodiversity. As climate and environments continue to change, choosing appropriate restoration targets is becoming more challenging. By considering the paleoecological and paleoenvironmental record for a given region, restoration practitioners are not only able to bear witness to that region’s dynamic history, but also potentially identify multiple, alternative natural ecosystem states. Indeed, one of the deliverables of conservation paleobiology, a field that applies paleontological data and methods to present-day conservation, is to inform restoration targets. Consideration of future change is equally important, and paleoecological and paleoclimatological data are essential for informing models that can help us understand how climate change is affecting species and ecosystems at different temporal scales. The symposium “A dynamic perspective on ecosystem restoration: Establishing temporal\nconnectivity at the intersection between paleoecology and restoration ecology” gathered representatives from macroecology, paleoecology, and restoration ecology to share their perspectives on temporal connectivity and how consideration of an ecosystem’s past, present, and future can positively impact restoration and conservation. Some speakers approached the topic theoretically, while others considered it from a more practical and applied standpoint. The goals of the symposium were to build a stronger relationship among the subdisciplines, stimulate new ideas, and identify data and/or products that would be useful to share across subdisciplines.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/bes2.1954","usgsCitation":"Reid, R., McGuire, J., Svenning, J., Wingard, G.L., and Moreno-Mateos, D., 2022, Review of ESA SYMP 7: A dynamic perspective on ecosystem restoration–establishing temporal connectivity at the intersection between paleoecology and restoration ecology: Bulletin Ecological Society of America, v. 103, no. 1, e01954, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.1954.","productDescription":"e01954, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-134688","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.1954","text":"External Repository"},{"id":392566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reid, Rachel","contributorId":269802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reid","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Jenny","contributorId":269803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jenny","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56035,"text":"GA Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Svenning, Jens-Christiane","contributorId":269804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Svenning","given":"Jens-Christiane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13419,"text":"Aarhus University, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moreno-Mateos, David","contributorId":269806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moreno-Mateos","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16810,"text":"Harvard Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70227187,"text":"70227187 - 2022 - Calcareous plankton biostratigraphic fidelity and species richness during the last 10 m.y. of the Cretaceous at Blake Plateau, subtropical North Atlantic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T14:53:03.822031","indexId":"70227187","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-25T08:48:06","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1344,"text":"Cretaceous Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calcareous plankton biostratigraphic fidelity and species richness during the last 10 m.y. of the Cretaceous at Blake Plateau, subtropical North Atlantic","docAbstract":"Species distributions of well-preserved and diverse assemblages of planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils spanning the last 10 m.y. of the Cretaceous (middle Campanian through Maastrichtian) are analyzed from samples taken across a 1400 m depth transect at Blake Nose in the western subtropical North Atlantic (Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1049, 1050 and 1052). Age models constructed by integrating foraminiferal, calcareous nannofossil, and magnetic polarity datum events provide a reliable framework for temporal correlation of the sites. This framework enables comparisons of species richness and abundance among sites and evaluation of the reliability of first and last appearance datums for regional and global correlation. Among the standard primary zonal marker datums, six of nine planktonic foraminifer and six of seven calcareous nannofossil events are considered reliable for constraining the age-depth models. Secondary datum ages calculated for 17 planktonic foraminiferal events suggest correlation offsets among the three sites of <0.1 m.y. for four species (including Pseudoguembelina praehariaensis Tur and Huber n. sp.), 0.1–0.5 m.y. for six events, and 0.6–1.0 m.y. for eight species. Secondary calcareous nannofossil datum ages calculated for six species show less reliability, with offsets of <0.1 m.y. for one species, 0.7 m.y. for one species, and 1.0–1.5 m.y. for the remaining four species. The distinctly identifiable new species Trinitella suturis Tur and Huber has lowest occurrences that are diachronous by as much as 1.73 m.y. among the Blake Nose sites. Occurrence rarity is the most likely explanation for the age offsets of this and other diachronous species.
Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages show no significant differences in species composition and relative abundance among the three sites, suggesting the sites were all located below a single oligotrophic surface water mass. Species richness counts pooled in 200 kyr bins for the Blake Nose sites reveals high species origination rates from the late Campanian through early Maastrichtian and highest species richness (51–63 species) during the Maastrichtian. The only significant extinction pulse during the mid-Campanian through Maastrichtian occurs between 66.2 and 66.4 Ma with loss of five species representing ∼9% of the assemblage. These extinctions occur at the same time as a globally recognized warming event correlated with a pulse of eruptions at the Deccan Traps in India.
Calcareous nannofossil assemblages show no significant change in relative abundance among the three sites. Two significant extinction events are documented: one from 75.20 to 75.40 Ma with a loss of six species representing ∼6% of the assemblage and one from 66.2 to 66.4 Ma with a loss of nine species representing ∼9% of the assemblage. The former event is associated with a hiatus at the base of Zone CC24, and the latter corresponds to Deccan Trap warming.
Hiatuses are identified at all three Blake Nose sites near the base of the Maastrichtian (∼71.5 Ma; lowermost Pseudoguembelina palpebra/CC24 Zone) and only at the deeper Sites 1049 and 1050 in the mid-Maastrichtian (∼67.2 Ma; Pseudoguembelina hariaensis/CC26b Zone) and the mid-Campanian (∼75.9 Ma; base of Radotruncana calcarata/CC22 Zone). Slumping from across the shelf and slope could have caused the early Maastrichtian hiatus while changes in the pattern and strength of deep-water circulation may have been responsible for the mid-Maastrichtian and mid-Campanian hiatuses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105095","usgsCitation":"Huber, B.T., Tur, N.A., Self-Trail, J., and MacLeod, K.G., 2022, Calcareous plankton biostratigraphic fidelity and species richness during the last 10 m.y. of the Cretaceous at Blake Plateau, subtropical North Atlantic: Cretaceous Research, v. 131, 105095, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105095.","productDescription":"105095, 42 p.","ipdsId":"IP-132563","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105095","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Blake Plateau, subtropical North Atlantic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 30.5\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 30.5\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 29.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"131","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huber, Brian T.","contributorId":270771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huber","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36858,"text":"Smithsonian","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tur, Nataliya A.","contributorId":270772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tur","given":"Nataliya","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean 0000-0002-3018-4985 jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MacLeod, Kenneth G.","contributorId":270773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacLeod","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70265770,"text":"70265770 - 2022 - New insights on faulting and intrusion processes during the June 2007, East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-16T13:17:34.472644","indexId":"70265770","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights on faulting and intrusion processes during the June 2007, East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"The East Rift Zone (ERZ) of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, represents one of the most volcanically active regions in the world. The 2007 Father's Day (FD) dike intrusion, eruption, and accompanying slow-slip event (SSE) has been previously modeled using geodetic data to constrain the geometry of the intrusion and the timing and magnitude of the SSE. Here, we perform inversions of three interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) datasets and a new intensity offset tracking dataset to assess the effect of integrating intensity cross-correlation offsets into inversion problems and explore additional potential models for the intrusion geometry of the FD event based on this additional data. The overall lowest misfit single Okada model for all datasets opens 2.3 m, strikes 73 degrees while dipping sub-vertically at 83 degrees, and extends approximately 2.9 km to the ENE and 2.4 km downdip. The differences are minor between complex en-echelon distributed Okada and decollement model of (Montgomery-Brown et al., 2010) or 3D-MBEM breaching models including multiple surface breaches and free-slipping decollement movement. Finally, we examine the static Coulomb stress changes for the proposed decollement fault created by our preferred model and a representative model of deep rift opening and find that deep rift zones dilation, not shallow ERZ intrusions, are likely modulating slip on the decollement.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107425","usgsCitation":"Leeburn, J., Wauthier, C., Montgomery-Brown, E.K., and Gonzalez-Santana, J., 2022, New insights on faulting and intrusion processes during the June 2007, East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 421, 107425, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107425.","productDescription":"107425, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125424","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488262,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107425","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484584,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.2908512348302,\n 19.41341967491155\n ],\n [\n -155.2908512348302,\n 19.401793724963014\n ],\n [\n -155.27525765813795,\n 19.401793724963014\n ],\n [\n -155.27525765813795,\n 19.41341967491155\n ],\n [\n -155.2908512348302,\n 19.41341967491155\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"421","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leeburn, J.","contributorId":353406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leeburn","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wauthier, C.","contributorId":353409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wauthier","given":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. 0000-0001-6787-2055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-2055","contributorId":214074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez-Santana, J.","contributorId":353412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez-Santana","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70226477,"text":"70226477 - 2022 - Local variations in broadband sensor installations: Orientations, sensitivities, and noise levels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:16:42.963846","indexId":"70226477","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-11T07:23:46","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local variations in broadband sensor installations: Orientations, sensitivities, and noise levels","docAbstract":"As seismologists continue to place more stringent demands on data quality, accurately described metadata are becoming increasingly important. In order to better constrain the orientation and sensitivities of seismometers deployed in U.S. Geological Survey networks, the Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL) has recently begun identifying true north with a fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) and has developed methodologies to constrain mid-band, vertical component sensitivity levels to less than 1% in a controlled environment. However, questions remain regarding the accuracy of this new alignment technique as well as if instrument sensitivities and background noise levels are stable when the seismometers are installed in different environmental settings. In this study, we examine the stability and repeatability of these parameters by reinstalling two high-quality broadband seismometers (Streckeisen STS-2.5 and Nanometrics T-360 Global Seismographic Network (GSN) version) at different locations around the ASL and comparing them to each other and a reference STS-6 seismometer that stayed stationary for the duration of the experiment. We find that even in different environmental conditions, the sensitivities of the two broadband seismometers stayed stable to within 0.1% and that orientations attained using the FOG are generally accurate to within a degree. However, one install was off by 5° due to a mistake made by the installation team. These results indicate that while technology and methodologies are now in place to calibrate and orient a seismometer to within 1°, human error both during the installation and while producing the metadata is often a limiting factor. Finally, we find that background noise levels at short periods (0.1–1 s) become noisier when the sensors are emplaced in unconsolidated materials, whereas the noise levels at long periods (30–100 s) are not sensitive to local geological structure on the vertical components.
The future of dry forests around the world is uncertain given predictions that rising temperatures and enhanced aridity will increase drought-induced tree mortality. Using forest management and ecological restoration to reduce density and competition for water offers one of the few pathways that forests managers can potentially minimize drought-induced tree mortality. Competition for water during drought leads to elevated tree mortality in dense stands, although the influence of density on heat-induced stress, and the durations of hot or dry conditions that most impact mortality, remain unclear.
Understanding how competition interacts with hot-drought stress is essential to recognize how, where, and how much reducing density can help sustain dry forests in a rapidly changing world. Here, we integrated repeat measurements of 28,881 ponderosa pine trees across the western US (2000-2017) with soil moisture estimates from a water balance model to examine how annual mortality responds to competition, temperature and soil moisture conditions.
Tree mortality responded most strongly to basal area, and was elevated in places with high mean temperatures, unusually hot 7-year high temperature anomalies, and unusually dry 8-year low soil moisture anomalies. Mortality was also lower in places that experienced unusually wet 3-year soil moisture anomalies between measurements. Importantly, we found that basal area interacts with temperature and soil moisture, exacerbating mortality during times of stress imposed by high temperature or low moisture.
Synthesis and Applications: Our results imply that a 50% reduction in forest basal area could reduce drought-driven tree mortality by 20-80%. The largest impacts of density reduction are seen in areas with high current basal area and places that experience high temperatures and/or severe multiyear droughts. These interactions between competition and drought are critical to understand past and future patterns of tree mortality in the context of climate change, and provide information for resource managers seeking to enhance dry forest drought resistance.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14073","usgsCitation":"Bradford, J., Shriver, R.K., Robles, M.D., McCauley, L., Andrews, C.M., Crimmins, M.A., and Bell, D.M., 2022, Tree mortality response to drought-density interactions suggests opportunities to enhance drought resistance: Journal of Applied Ecology., v. 59, no. 2, p. 549-559, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14073.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"549","endPage":"559","ipdsId":"IP-126821","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14073","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92HBML8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Estimated tree mortality, basal area, climate, and drought conditions for ponderosa pine in forest inventory plots across the western U.S."},{"id":391609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shriver, Robert K 0000-0002-4590-4834","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-4834","contributorId":222834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shriver","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robles, Marcos D.","contributorId":244893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robles","given":"Marcos","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCauley, Lisa A","contributorId":268774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCauley","given":"Lisa A","affiliations":[{"id":55658,"text":"The Nature Conservancy, Center for Science and Public Policy, 1510 E Ft Lowell Road, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, Caitlin M. 0000-0003-4593-1071 candrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4593-1071","contributorId":192985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Caitlin","email":"candrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crimmins, Michael A.","contributorId":178238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crimmins","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bell, David M.","contributorId":191003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70226733,"text":"70226733 - 2022 - Quantifying the stormwater runoff volume reduction benefits of urban street tree canopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-08T12:46:41.260411","indexId":"70226733","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-28T06:38:17","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the stormwater runoff volume reduction benefits of urban street tree canopy","docAbstract":"Trees in the urban right-of-way areas have increasingly been considered part of a suite of green infrastructure practices used to manage stormwater runoff. A paired-catchment experimental design (with street tree removal as the treatment) was used to assess how street trees affect major hydrologic fluxes in a typical residential stormwater collection and conveyance network. The treatment consisted of removing 29 green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and two Norway maple (Acer platanoides) street trees from a medium-density residential area. Tree removal resulted in an estimated 198 m3 increase in surface runoff volume compared to the control catchment over the course of the study. This increase accounted for 4% of the total measured runoff after trees were removed. Despite significant changes to runoff volume (p ≤ 0.10), peak discharge was generally not affected by tree removal. On a per-tree basis, 66 L of rainfall per m2 of canopy was lost that would have otherwise been intercepted and stored. Runoff volume reduction benefit was estimated at 6376 L per tree. These values experimentally document per-capita retention services rendered by trees over a growing season with 42 storm events. These values are within the range reported by previous studies, which largely relied on simulation. This study provides catchment scale evidence that reducing stormwater runoff is one of many ecosystem services provided by street trees. This study quantifies these services, based on site conditions and a mix of deciduous species, and serves to improve our ability to account for this important yet otherwise poorly constrained hydrologic service. Engineers, city planners, urban foresters, and others involved with the management of urban stormwater can use this information to better understand tradeoffs involved in using green infrastructure to reduce urban runoff burden.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151296","usgsCitation":"Selbig, W.R., Loheid, S., Schuster, W., Scharenbroch, B.C., Coville, R.C., Kruegler, J., Avery, W., Haefner, R.J., and Nowak, D., 2022, Quantifying the stormwater runoff volume reduction benefits of urban street tree canopy: Science of the Total Environment, v. 806, no. 3, 151296, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151296.","productDescription":"151296, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-131647","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JJHBVW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Storm event data in the control and test catchments during the calibration and treatment phase of a urban tree canopy study in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, from May 2018 through September 2020: U.S. Geological Survey data release"},{"id":392624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Fond du Lac","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.516845703125,\n 43.70163689691259\n ],\n [\n -88.34930419921875,\n 43.70163689691259\n ],\n [\n -88.34930419921875,\n 43.85235516793534\n ],\n [\n -88.516845703125,\n 43.85235516793534\n ],\n [\n -88.516845703125,\n 43.70163689691259\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"806","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selbig, William R. 0000-0003-1403-8280 wrselbig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-8280","contributorId":877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selbig","given":"William","email":"wrselbig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loheid, Steven P. II 0000-0003-1897-0163","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1897-0163","contributorId":269846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loheid","given":"Steven P.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[{"id":18002,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schuster, William","contributorId":117899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scharenbroch, Bryant C. 0000-0002-9342-7550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-7550","contributorId":269849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scharenbroch","given":"Bryant","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17613,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coville, Robert C. 0000-0002-6895-2564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-2564","contributorId":269851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coville","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40823,"text":"Davey Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kruegler, James 0000-0002-2671-0807","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2671-0807","contributorId":269853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kruegler","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40823,"text":"Davey Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Avery, William 0000-0002-2651-9906","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2651-9906","contributorId":269858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Avery","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18002,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Haefner, Ralph J. 0000-0002-4363-9010 rhaefner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4363-9010","contributorId":1793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haefner","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaefner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nowak, David 0000-0002-2043-0062","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2043-0062","contributorId":269856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowak","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70226527,"text":"70226527 - 2022 - The role of preexisting upper plate strike-slip faults during long-lived (ca. 30 Myr) oblique flat slab subduction, southern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-23T14:16:17.67564","indexId":"70226527","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-27T08:13:54","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of preexisting upper plate strike-slip faults during long-lived (ca. 30 Myr) oblique flat slab subduction, southern Alaska","docAbstract":"Upper plates of subduction zones commonly respond to flat slab subduction by structural reactivation, magmatic arc disruption, and foreland basin inversion. However, the role of active strike-slip faults in focusing convergent deformation and magmatism in response to oblique flat slab subduction remains less clear. Here, we present new detrital apatite fission-track (dAFT) ages from 12 modern catchments in the eastern Alaska Range, Alaska, USA, to reveal how the dextral Denali fault system has facilitated bedrock exhumation and topographic growth during ca. 30 Ma-to-present oblique flat slab subduction of the Yakutat oceanic plateau. Additionally, a 940 ka (40Ar/39Ar whole rock) basalt flow is spatially associated with Cenozoic structures, locally reset AFT ages and provides the first evidence for Quaternary volcanism along the southern flank of the eastern Alaska Range. We integrate our new data with other thermochronologic, geochronologic, and regional geologic datasets to show that (1) most high topography regions in southern Alaska have undergone rapid bedrock cooling and exhumation since ca. 30 Ma; (2) elevated terrain and young cooling are spatially associated with long-lived active strike-slip fault systems; (3) topographic growth associated with strike-slip fault deformation led to local inversion of basin systems and drainage reorganization; (4) the onset of oblique oceanic plateau subduction is coeval with a southward shift in arc magmatism from one region of active strike-slip faulting to another above the northeastern edge of the flat slab; and (5) Quaternary volcanism marks the revival of magmatism in the eastern Alaska Range above the geophysically imaged northeastern edge of the flat slab. Our analysis of the post-30 Ma geologic evolution of southern Alaska demonstrates that strike-slip fault systems that were active at the time of slab flattening evolved into transpression zones that focused bedrock cooling, rock exhumation, and topographic growth.
Knowledge of the timing of major life history events in aquatic species is important for informing conservation and resource management planning. Accordingly, surveys of environmental DNA (eDNA) have been performed to determine the efficacy of eDNA for providing information on life history events, primarily focusing on the timing of events associated with spawning, and these studies have proved successful. However, spawning represents only one part of the life history, and therefore, information on eDNA shedding during other life history stages is needed to fill gaps in knowledge. Here, we explored eDNA shedding during early life history (from fertilized eggs until near yolk sac absorption) in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) at three biomasses in a laboratory environment. We found that fertilized eggs shed little eDNA prior to hatching. Hatching coincided with a spike in eDNA, and we observed a significant and positive relationship between eDNA concentration and the number of hatched eggs. The concentration of eDNA shed by larvae after hatching was not consistent across post-hatch sampling days, suggesting developmental and behavioral changes associated with larval ontogeny may affect eDNA shedding rate. These results indicate that eDNA data may be used to identify hatch timing and verify successful reproduction in oviparous aquatic fishes. The application of eDNA to early life history broadens the capacity of eDNA-based methods for assessing population status and trends.
Worldwide, many productive rivers are dam-regulated and rely on flow management strategies that must balance support of ecological processes with human water use. One component of evaluating this balance is to understand ecological consequences of alternative flow management strategies, which has often been accomplished by coupling population dynamics models with models that relate streamflow to habitat availability and quality. Numerous methods assign habitat availability to locations within a river basin: These include fine-scale field-measured values that are extrapolated to other locations within the basin having similar physical characteristics or equation-driven values created by functions of model-predicted values of physical characteristics. The array of options for creating habitat models is evolving rapidly as high-resolution remote-sensing data becomes more accessible and computational capacity improves. Our objective was to identify trade-offs among approaches that assign habitat relationships to large rivers and to create a decision support tool to supplement choices of extent and granularity. Using a selection of case studies that represent a breadth of scales and diverse trade-offs, we demonstrate the need for a transparent process of data evaluation and assessment to determine the appropriate fit for model scope or context that best supports management needs and recognize sources of uncertainty. The structured approach proposed here aims at improving future model development and refine population dynamics models that inform the management of rivers.
It is estimated that over one billion milkweed stems need to be restored to sustain the eastern North American migratory population of monarch butterflies; where and in what context the stems should be placed on the landscape is key to addressing habitat deficits.
We assessed how the amount of appropriate habitat surrounding a particular patch of monarch habitat affects monarch presence and reproduction. To ensure that habitat restoration efforts are targeted towards areas that maximize monarch population growth, it is important to understand the effects of landscape heterogeneity on monarch occurrence in habitat patches (i.e. grasslands with milkweeds) across the landscape.
Over two summers (2018–2019), we surveyed monarch adults, larvae, and eggs at sixty grassland sites in Wisconsin that varied in patch size and landscape context (proportion grassland, forest edge density, and road density). We also estimated milkweed density and floral richness to characterize local patch quality.
Adult monarch abundance was highest at patches with the lowest proportion of surrounding grassland and lowest road density, and was heavily influenced by patch quality variables. Egg and larva density in a patch increased with milkweed density and floral richness within a patch. Patch size was unrelated to monarch abundance.
These results suggest that optimal sites for monarch habitat restoration are within landscapes which contain little habitat and that high milkweed density and floral richness and abundance should be conservation goals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-021-01341-4","usgsCitation":"Bruce, A.S., Thogmartin, W.E., Trosen, C., Oberhauser, K., and Gratton, C., 2022, Landscape- and local- level variables affect monarchs in Midwest grasslands: Landscape Ecology, v. 37, p. 93-108, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01341-4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"108","ipdsId":"IP-126868","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449629,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-346846/v1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91T59BO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"R code: Landscape- and local-level variables associated with monarch breeding occurrence and abundance at patches in Wisconsin 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network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T15:02:37.35773","indexId":"70237101","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-21T09:57:29","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imaging the next Cascadia earthquake: Optimal design for a seafloor GNSS- A network","docAbstract":"The Cascadia subduction zone in the Pacific Northwest of the United States of America capable of producing magnitude ∼9 earthquakes, likely often accompanied by tsunamis. An outstanding question in this region is the degree and spatial extent of interseismic strain accumulation on the subduction megathrust. Seafloor geodetic methods combining GNSS and underwater acoustic ranging (GNSS-A) are capable of imaging this strain accumulation on the offshore portion of the subduction zone and therefore anticipating the potential size and rupture pattern of a future earthquake. However, the high cost of seafloor geodesy means that only a limited number of stations may be deployed and monitored. To facilitate expansion of current geodetic networks offshore, we develop a quantitative recommendation of optimal locations for future seafloor geodetic observations, based on the amount of new information provided by that observation. The optimal network depends on the problem that one is trying to solve with those observations (mapping subduction locking rates, coupling rates, constraining total moment rate, etc.), and on a number of modelling and data uncertainty assumptions. In particular, data uncertainty assumptions will change over time, as more position observations reduce velocity uncertainties. We find that near-trench observations on the megathrust hangingwall, distributed along-strike, consistently provide significant reduction in differential entropy over a large suite of assumptions, and that a well-placed seafloor observation can provide up to ∼30 times the information gain of the most optimal onshore observation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggab360","usgsCitation":"Evans, E., Minson, S.E., and Chadwell, D., 2022, Imaging the next Cascadia earthquake: Optimal design for a seafloor GNSS- A network: Geophysical Journal International, v. 228, no. 2, p. 944-957, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab360.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"944","endPage":"957","ipdsId":"IP-130354","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407600,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -132,\n 38.13455657705411\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 38.13455657705411\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 51.508742458803326\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 51.508742458803326\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 38.13455657705411\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"228","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Eileen L. 0000-0002-7290-5269","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-5269","contributorId":297103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Eileen L.","affiliations":[{"id":36305,"text":"CSU Northridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minson, Sarah E. 0000-0001-5869-3477 sminson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-3477","contributorId":5357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minson","given":"Sarah","email":"sminson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chadwell, David 0000-0002-9741-6656","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9741-6656","contributorId":297105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chadwell","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37799,"text":"SCRIPPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228989,"text":"70228989 - 2022 - Rapid colonisation post-displacement contributes to native fish resilience","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-28T16:56:04.603324","indexId":"70228989","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-12T10:02:40","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid colonisation post-displacement contributes to native fish resilience","docAbstract":"Native freshwater fish are experiencing global declines. Determining what drives native fish resilience to disturbance is crucial to understanding their persistence in the face of multiple stressors. Fish colonisation ability may be one factor affecting population resilience after disturbance. We conducted displacement experiments in headwater streams in Wyoming, USA, to evaluate mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdii) and mountain sucker (Catostomus platyrhynchus) colonisation ability. Specifically, we (1) determined whether fish could colonise sites rapidly after displacement, (2) evaluated site-level factors affecting colonisation, and (3) compared species-level differences in movement and colonisation capabilities. Mountain sucker recovered to pre-displacement abundances within 6–11 weeks, but mottled sculpin were still at slightly reduced abundances. For both species, the majority of colonists were unmarked new individuals and size–structure was similar to pre-displacement size–structure. Fish colonisation was best predicted by pre-displacement abundance and an interaction between per cent riparian cover and species identity. The slower colonisation rate of mottled sculpin may relate to movement ability as average daily movement rate and movement extent were significantly greater for mountain sucker. Our results demonstrate that colonisation is one mechanism allowing fish populations to be resilient in the face of disturbance and that species' traits provide insight into fish colonisation capabilities. Experimental approaches provide mechanistic insight into colonisation dynamics, enhancing our understanding of native fish resilience in degraded stream ecosystems and their response to restoration actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12634","usgsCitation":"Alford, S.L., and Walters, A.W., 2022, Rapid colonisation post-displacement contributes to native fish resilience: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 31, no. 2, p. 347-357, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12634.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"357","ipdsId":"IP-119943","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Z0W4IK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fish movement and colonization in the Wyoming Range 2018-2019"},{"id":396490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Green River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -108.6328125,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -108.6328125,\n 42.24478535602799\n ],\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 42.24478535602799\n ],\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alford, Samantha L.","contributorId":280179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alford","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40829,"text":"uwy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70223773,"text":"70223773 - 2022 - Evidence for interannual persistence of infectious influenza A viruses in Alaska wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-15T13:27:32.133001","indexId":"70223773","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-07T09:34:56","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for interannual persistence of infectious influenza A viruses in Alaska wetlands","docAbstract":"Influenza A viruses (IAVs) deposited by wild birds into the environment may lead to sporadic mortality events and economically costly outbreaks among domestic birds. There is a paucity of information, however, regarding the persistence of infectious IAVs within the environment following deposition. In this investigation, we assessed the persistence of 12 IAVs that were present in the cloaca and/or oropharynx of naturally infected ducks. Infectivity of these IAVs were monitored over approximately one year when held in five water types: (1) distilled water held in the lab at 4 ºC and (2–5) filtered surface water from each of four Alaska sites and maintained in the field at ambient temperature. By evaluating infectivity of IAVs in ovo following sample retrieval at four successive time points, we observed successive declines in IAV infectivity through time. Many viruses persisted for extended periods, as evidenced by ≥ 25% of IAVs remaining infectious in replicate samples for each treatment type through three sampling time points (144–155 days post-sample collection) and two viruses remaining viable in a single replicate sample each when tested upon collection at a fourth time point (361–377 days post-sample collection). The estimated probability of persistence of infectious IAVs in all five water types was estimated to be between 0.25–0.75 during days 50–200 post-sample collection as inferred through Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Our results provide evidence that IAVs may remain infectious for extended periods, up to or even exceeding one year, when maintained in surface waters under ambient temperatures. Therefore, wetlands may represent an important medium in which infectious IAVs may reside outside of a biotic reservoir.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150078","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Reeves, A.B., Lagasse, B.J., Patil, V.P., Hubbard, L.E., Kolpin, D., McCleskey, R., Repert, D.A., Stallknecht, D., and Poulson, R., 2022, Evidence for interannual persistence of infectious influenza A viruses in Alaska wetlands: Science of the Total Environment, v. 803, 150078, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150078.","productDescription":"150078, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-130156","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449722,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150078","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Repert, Deborah A. 0000-0001-7284-1456 darepert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-1456","contributorId":2578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repert","given":"Deborah","email":"darepert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stallknecht, David E.","contributorId":225107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stallknecht","given":"David E.","affiliations":[{"id":36701,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Poulson, Rebecca L.","contributorId":198807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulson","given":"Rebecca L.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70231633,"text":"70231633 - 2022 - Nearshore microfossil assemblages in a Caribbean reef environment show variable rates of recovery following Hurricane Irma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-18T13:52:57.365425","indexId":"70231633","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-07T07:14:32","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nearshore microfossil assemblages in a Caribbean reef environment show variable rates of recovery following Hurricane Irma","docAbstract":"Modern microfossil distributions reflect site-specific habitats and provide an opportunity to assess sediment transport pathways in the nearshore environment. When applied to overwash deposits in the geological record, they provide insight into sediment provenance and transport, factors important for understanding patterns of frequency and intensity of past storms and tsunamis. Modern distribution studies are rare and often the first established ones occur immediately after an overwash event as part of a post-event field survey. This is problematic because it is unclear what effect overwash events have on nearshore microfossil assemblages and what time interval is necessary for them to return to pre-event conditions. This study documents the impacts of Hurricane Irma on nearshore sediments off the coast of Anegada, British Virgin Islands, using distributions of Homotrema rubrum, an encrusting foraminifer with a defined provenance in coral reefs. At four sampling intervals spanning two years, from six months pre-Hurricane Irma to eighteen months after, surface sediment was collected from three transects on the northern and southern shores of the island. Partitioning Around Medoids cluster analysis revealed that Hurricane Irma introduced an influx of well-preserved fragments into the reef flat and made the sediments more uniform, limiting the foraminifer’s utility as a known sediment transport indicator. The mixing of sediments along the two northern transects (reef proximal) persisted for seven to eighteen months before returning to near pre-hurricane conditions. However, the southern transect (absence of reef), where Homotrema rubrum concentrations are significantly less, failed to recover within the time period assessed by this study, indicating a variable recovery period between Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea facing shorelines. Results from this study suggest that a waiting period of at least eighteen months after a major storm is recommended before collecting surface sediment from the nearshore environments of reef-dominated coastlines.
Earthquake magnitudes are widely relied upon measures of earthquake size. Although moment magnitude (
Microbiome engineering is increasingly being employed as a solution to challenges in health, agriculture, and climate. Often manipulation involves inoculation of new microbes designed to improve function into a preexisting microbial community. Despite, increased efforts in microbiome engineering inoculants frequently fail to establish and/or confer long-lasting modifications on ecosystem function. We posit that one underlying cause of these shortfalls is the failure to consider barriers to organism establishment. This is a key challenge and focus of macroecology research, specifically invasion biology and restoration ecology. We adopt a framework from invasion biology that summarizes establishment barriers in three categories: (1) propagule pressure, (2) environmental filtering, and (3) biotic interactions factors. We suggest that biotic interactions is the most neglected factor in microbiome engineering research, and we recommend a number of actions to accelerate engineering solutions.
Non-forest ecosystems, dominated by shrubs, grasses and herbaceous plants, provide ecosystem services including carbon sequestration and forage for grazing, and are highly sensitive to climatic changes. Yet these ecosystems are poorly represented in remotely sensed biomass products and are undersampled by in situ monitoring. Current global change threats emphasize the need for new tools to capture biomass change in non-forest ecosystems at appropriate scales. Here we developed and deployed a new protocol for photogrammetric height using unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) images to test its capability for delivering standardized measurements of biomass across a globally distributed field experiment. We assessed whether canopy height inferred from UAV photogrammetry allows the prediction of aboveground biomass (AGB) across low-stature plant species by conducting 38 photogrammetric surveys over 741 harvested plots to sample 50 species. We found mean canopy height was strongly predictive of AGB across species, with a median adjusted R2 of 0.87 (ranging from 0.46 to 0.99) and median prediction error from leave-one-out cross-validation of 3.9%. Biomass per-unit-of-height was similar within but different among, plant functional types. We found that photogrammetric reconstructions of canopy height were sensitive to wind speed but not sun elevation during surveys. We demonstrated that our photogrammetric approach produced generalizable measurements across growth forms and environmental settings and yielded accuracies as good as those obtained from in situ approaches. We demonstrate that using a standardized approach for UAV photogrammetry can deliver accurate AGB estimates across a wide range of dynamic and heterogeneous ecosystems. Many academic and land management institutions have the technical capacity to deploy these approaches over extents of 1–10 ha−1. Photogrammetric approaches could provide much-needed information required to calibrate and validate the vegetation models and satellite-derived biomass products that are essential to understand vulnerable and understudied non-forested ecosystems around the globe.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rse2.228","usgsCitation":"Cunliffe, A., Anderson, K., Boschetti, F., Brazier, R.E., Graham, H.A., Myers-Smith, I.H., Astor, T., Boer, M.M., Calvo, L.G., Clark, P., Cramer, M.D., Encinas-Lara, M.S., Escarzaga, S.M., Fisher, A., Fernandez-Guisuraga, J.M., Gdulova, K., Gillespie, B.M., Griebel, A., Hanan, N.P., Hanggito, M.S., Haselberger, S., Havrilla, C.A., Heilman, P., Ji, W., Karl, J., Kraushaar, S., Mauritz, M., Lyons, M., Marzolff, I., McIntire, C.D., Metzen, D., Mendez-Barroso, L.A., Power, S.C., Prosek, J., Sanz-Ablanedo, E., Sauer, K.J., Schulze-Bruninghoff, D., Simova, P., Sitch, S., Smit, J.L., Steele, C.M., Suarez-Seoane, S., Vargas, S.A., Visser, F., Villarreal, M.L., Wachendorf, M., Wirnsberger, H., and Wojcikiewicz, R., 2022, Global application of an unoccupied aerial vehicle photogrammetry protocol for predicting aboveground biomass in non-forest ecosystems: Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, v. 8, no. 1, p. 57-71, https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.228.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"71","ipdsId":"IP-116952","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.228","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cunliffe, Andrew 0000-0002-8346-4278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8346-4278","contributorId":279669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cunliffe","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":57332,"text":"Department of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Karen","contributorId":279724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boschetti, Fabio","contributorId":279725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boschetti","given":"Fabio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brazier, Richard E.","contributorId":279726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brazier","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Graham, Hugh 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2022 - Shrub influence on soil carbon and nitrogen in a semi-arid grassland is mediated by precipitation and largely insensitive to livestock grazing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T15:33:21.112862","indexId":"70222374","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-22T07:35:46","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":904,"text":"Arid Land Research and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shrub influence on soil carbon and nitrogen in a semi-arid grassland is mediated by precipitation and largely insensitive to livestock grazing","docAbstract":"Dryland (arid and semi-arid) ecosystems globally provide more than half of livestock production and store roughly one-third of soil organic carbon (SOC). Biogeochemical pools are changing due to shrub encroachment, livestock grazing, and climate change. We assessed how vegetation microsite, grazing, and precipitation interacted to affect SOC and total nitrogen (TN) at a site with long-term grazing manipulations and well-described patterns of shrub encroachment across elevation and mean annual precipitation (MAP) gradients. We analyzed SOC and TN in the context of vegetation cover at ungrazed locations within livestock exclosures, high-intensity grazing locations near water sources, and moderate-intensity grazing locations away from water. SOC was enhanced by MAP (p < 0.0001), but grazing intensity had little effect regardless of MAP (p = 0.12). Shrubs enhanced SOC (300–1279 g C m−2) and TN (27–122 g N m−2), except at high MAP where the contribution or stabilization of shrub inputs relative to grassland inputs was likely diminished. Cover of perennial herbaceous plants and litter were significant predictors of SOC (r2 = 0.63 and 0.34, respectively) and TN (r2 = 0.64 and 0.30, respectively). Our results suggest that continued shrub encroachment in drylands can increase SOC storage when grass production remains high, although this response may saturate with higher MAP. In contrast, grazing – at least at the intensities of our sites – has a lesser effect. These effects underscore the need to understand how future climate and grazing may interact to influence dryland biogeochemical cycling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15324982.2021.1952660","usgsCitation":"Throop, H.L., Munson, S.M., Hornslein, N., and McClaran, M., 2022, Shrub influence on soil carbon and nitrogen in a semi-arid grassland is mediated by precipitation and largely insensitive to livestock grazing: Arid Land Research and Management, v. 36, no. 1, p. 27-46, https://doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2021.1952660.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"46","ipdsId":"IP-126222","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":387410,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Throop, Heather L. 0000-0002-7963-4342","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7963-4342","contributorId":139051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Throop","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12633,"text":"Biology Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornslein, Nicole","contributorId":261340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hornslein","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52828,"text":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClaran, Mitchel P","contributorId":261341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClaran","given":"Mitchel P","affiliations":[{"id":52829,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0043, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70221846,"text":"70221846 - 2022 - Sarcoptic mange: An emerging panzootic in wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-13T13:52:12.180816","indexId":"70221846","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-23T12:48:49","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3849,"text":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sarcoptic mange: An emerging panzootic in wildlife","docAbstract":"Sarcoptic mange, a skin infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, is an emerging disease for some species of wildlife, potentially jeopardizing their welfare and conservation. Sarcoptes scabiei has a near-global distribution facilitated by its forms of transmission and use of a large diversity of host species (many of those with broad geographic distribution). In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge concerning the geographic and host taxonomic distribution of mange in wildlife, the epidemiological connections between species, and the potential threat of sarcoptic mange for wildlife conservation. Recent sarcoptic mange outbreaks in wildlife appear to demonstrate ongoing geographic spread, increase in the number of hosts and increased virulence. Sarcoptic mange has been reported in at least 12 orders, 39 families and 148 species of domestic and wild mammals, making it one of the most generalist ectoparasites of mammals. Taxonomically, the orders with most species found infested so far include Perissodactyla (67% species from the entire order), Artiodactyla (47%), and Diprotodontia (67% from this order). This suggests that new species from these mammal orders are likely to suffer cross-species transmission and be reported positive to sarcoptic mange as surveillance improves. We propose a new agenda for the study of sarcoptic mange in wildlife, including the study of the global phylogeography of S. scabiei, linkages between ecological host traits and sarcoptic mange susceptibility, immunology of individuals and species, development of control strategies in wildlife outbreaks and the effects of global environmental change in the sarcoptic mange system. The ongoing transmission globally and sustained spread among areas and wildlife species make sarcoptic mange an emerging panzootic in wildlife. A better understanding of sarcoptic mange could illuminate the aspects of ecological and evolutionary drivers in cross-species transmission for many emerging diseases.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/tbed.14082","usgsCitation":"Escobar, L.E., Carver, S., Cross, P., Rossi, L., Almberg, E.S., Yabsley, M., Niedringhaus, K.D., Van Wick, P., Dominguez-Villegas, E., Gakuya, F., Xie, Y., Angelone, S., Gortazar, C., and Astorga, F., 2022, Sarcoptic mange: An emerging panzootic in wildlife: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, v. 69, no. 3, p. 927-942, https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14082.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"927","endPage":"942","ipdsId":"IP-113561","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14082","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Escobar, L. E. 0000-0001-5735-2750","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-2750","contributorId":260844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Escobar","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carver, Scott 0000-0002-3579-7588","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-7588","contributorId":197456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carver","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":204814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rossi, Luca","contributorId":206760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rossi","given":"Luca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37396,"text":"Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Almberg, E. S.","contributorId":253137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Almberg","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37431,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yabsley, M. J. 0000-0003-2452-5015","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-5015","contributorId":260845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yabsley","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Niedringhaus, K D","contributorId":260846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niedringhaus","given":"K","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Van Wick, Peach","contributorId":206759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Wick","given":"Peach","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37079,"text":"Wildlife Center of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dominguez-Villegas, Ernesto","contributorId":223077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dominguez-Villegas","given":"Ernesto","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37079,"text":"Wildlife Center of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gakuya, F.F.","contributorId":260847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gakuya","given":"F.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52692,"text":"Kenya Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Xie, Yue","contributorId":206761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xie","given":"Yue","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37397,"text":"Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Angelone, Samer","contributorId":206763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Angelone","given":"Samer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37399,"text":"University of Zurich, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gortazar, Christian 0000-0003-0012-4006","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-4006","contributorId":206756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gortazar","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37393,"text":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Astorga, Francisca","contributorId":206755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Astorga","given":"Francisca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37392,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70233471,"text":"70233471 - 2022 - Recent recovery and expansion of Guam’s locally endangered Såli (Micronesian Starling) Aplonis opaca population in the presence of the invasive brown treesnake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T13:51:45.731403","indexId":"70233471","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-01T08:41:40","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1048,"text":"Bird Conservation International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Recent recovery and expansion of Guam’s locally endangered Såli (Micronesian Starling) Aplonis opaca population in the presence of the invasive brown treesnake","title":"Recent recovery and expansion of Guam’s locally endangered Såli (Micronesian Starling) Aplonis opaca population in the presence of the invasive brown treesnake","docAbstract":"Assessing the impacts of invasive predators on the demography and distribution of native species is critical for understanding mechanisms of species persistence and informing the design of recovery programmes. On the oceanic island of Guam, the introduction of the predatory brown treesnake Boiga irregularis after World War II caused the near-total loss of the native forest avifauna. Localised snake control measures have been implemented since the early 1990s, yet it remains poorly understood how they have impacted Guam’s remaining native bird populations. To address this question, we combined intensive area searches of Andersen Air Force Base (AAFB) with island-wide transect surveys and opportunistic sightings to provide a comprehensive update on the distribution and abundance of Såli (Micronesian Starling, Aplonis opaca) – one of Guam’s last extant native bird species. Area searches of AAFB, where the largest remnant of the Såli population persists, revealed a 15-fold population increase since the last survey in the early 1990s, and transect surveys and opportunistic sightings indicate incipient recolonisation of other urbanised areas of northern and central Guam. We estimate the current island-wide population size at ~1,400 individuals. The population increase can likely be attributed to a combination of snake control measures and the Såli’s ability to exploit urban refugia for nesting and roosting. Although these trends demonstrate some population recovery, a skewed age ratio (>90% adults and subadults) at AAFB and a highly urbanised distribution and low abundance outside AAFB indicate that snake predation continues to strongly impact the population. More intensive snake suppression efforts, particularly in forested areas, may allow for the Såli population to attain its former distribution and abundance on Guam. More broadly, our findings reinforce the importance of urban areas as refugia for some threatened species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0959270920000726","usgsCitation":"Pollock, H., Kastner, M., Wiles, G., Thierry, H., Duenas, L., Paxton, E.H., Suckow, N., Quitugua, J., and Rogers, H., 2022, Recent recovery and expansion of Guam’s locally endangered Såli (Micronesian Starling) Aplonis opaca population in the presence of the invasive brown treesnake: Bird Conservation International, v. 32, no. 1, p. 95-110, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270920000726.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"110","ipdsId":"IP-124414","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270920000726","text":"Publisher Index 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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":847179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duenas, Laura","contributorId":293514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duenas","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63321,"text":"Guam Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":847180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":847181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Suckow, 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suppressants to freshwater organisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T15:28:35.5349","indexId":"70218171","displayToPublicDate":"2021-02-10T10:11:30","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic toxicity of chemical road dust suppressants to freshwater organisms","docAbstract":"Unpaved roads make up at least 14 million kilometers of the worldwide road network. Although investigations of road runoff often are focused on paved roads, unpaved roads contribute large volumes of runoff to roadside aquatic habitats and introduce unique constituents to runoff, such as chemical dust suppressants. At least 200 products across five chemical categories are commercially available for road dust suppression and are typically applied at rates up to 4.5 L/m2. Many of these products are poorly described and are lacking basic information on environmental transport, fate, and potential toxicity to roadside organisms. We characterized the aquatic toxicity of 27 commercially available dust control products, including 13 biobased products from the U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred catalog, using juvenile rainbow trout. Acute toxicity varied by more than 1000-fold among products, with 96-h LC50 values ranging from 1.7 to > 16,000 mg/L. Toxicity was not well-predicted by product category. Testing with selected products after simulated weathering under UV radiation did not provide evidence of photoenhanced toxicity. Additional tests with freshwater mussels, juvenile crayfish, pond snails, and amphibian larvae indicated that juvenile rainbow trout were reasonable surrogates for these organisms for a subset of products. This effort represents one of the first comparative studies of dust suppressant toxicity and provides important information for assessing risk to aquatic resources from a widely used but understudied class of contaminants in road runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-020-00806-y","usgsCitation":"Kunz, B.K., Little, E.E., and Barandino, V.L., 2022, Aquatic toxicity of chemical road dust suppressants to freshwater organisms: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 82, p. 294-305, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-020-00806-y.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"294","endPage":"305","ipdsId":"IP-122732","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VK2LLO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Chemical and biological data from acute toxicity tests with road dust suppressant chemicals and five freshwater organisms"},{"id":383273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kunz, Bethany K. 0000-0002-7193-9336 bkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7193-9336","contributorId":3798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"Bethany","email":"bkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Little, Edward E. 0000-0003-0034-3639","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0034-3639","contributorId":251685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":38257,"text":"USGS-Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO (Retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barandino, Vincent L.","contributorId":251686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barandino","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":50373,"text":"U.S.D.A. Forest Service, National Technology and Development Center, San Dimas, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}