With approximately half the world’s population living less than 65 miles from the ocean, coastal ecosystems are arguably Earth’s most critical real estate. Yet coastlines are among the more difficult features to accurately map; until now, no comprehensive high-resolution geospatial dataset existed. This chapter presents a new map and ecological inventory of global coastlines developed by Esri, the U.S. Geological Survey, and other partners.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"GIS for science: Maps for saving the planet, Volume 3","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Esri Press","usgsCitation":"Sayre, R., Martin, M.T., Cress, J.J., Butler, K., Van Graafeiland, K., Breyer, S., Wright, D., Frye, C., Karagulle, D., Allen, T., Allee, R., Parsons, R., Nyberg, B., Costello, M.J., Muller-Karger, F., and Harris, P., 2021, Earth's coastlines, chap. 1 of GIS for science: Maps for saving the planet, Volume 3, v. 3, p. 4-27.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"27","ipdsId":"IP-129026","costCenters":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":387852,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.gisforscience.com/chapter1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sayre, Roger 0000-0001-6703-7105 rsayre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6703-7105","contributorId":191629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayre","given":"Roger","email":"rsayre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Madeline T. 0000-0002-2704-1879","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-1879","contributorId":261694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Madeline","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cress, Jill Janene 0000-0002-3148-8374 jjcress@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3148-8374","contributorId":140029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cress","given":"Jill","email":"jjcress@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Janene","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butler, Kevin","contributorId":200270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18946,"text":"Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), Redlands, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Graafeiland, Keith","contributorId":245012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Graafeiland","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Breyer, Sean","contributorId":213678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breyer","given":"Sean","affiliations":[{"id":38832,"text":"Esri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wright, Dawn","contributorId":200268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Dawn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Frye, Charlie","contributorId":191631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frye","given":"Charlie","affiliations":[{"id":18946,"text":"Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), Redlands, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Karagulle, Deniz","contributorId":200267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karagulle","given":"Deniz","affiliations":[{"id":18946,"text":"Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), Redlands, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Allen, Tom","contributorId":213650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":36518,"text":"Old Dominion University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Allee, Rebecca","contributorId":213649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allee","given":"Rebecca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Parsons, Rost","contributorId":187703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parsons","given":"Rost","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nyberg, Bjorn","contributorId":213655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyberg","given":"Bjorn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":28158,"text":"University of Bergen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Costello, Mark J.","contributorId":264173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costello","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":52959,"text":"Nord University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Muller-Karger, Frank","contributorId":218424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muller-Karger","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Harris, Peter","contributorId":261702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":52960,"text":"GRID Arendal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70227048,"text":"70227048 - 2021 - Registration and application of sea lamprey pheromones for sea lamprey control in the United States and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-28T14:58:03.239658","indexId":"70227048","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-31T08:50:44","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Registration and application of sea lamprey pheromones for sea lamprey control in the United States and Canada","docAbstract":"Since the identification of 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol as a lampricide in the 1950s, control of sea lamprey populations in the Great Lakes has largely relied on lampricides, barriers, and traps. Lampricide treatments target larval lampreys in tributaries of the Great Lakes. The Great Lakes Fishery Commission oversees sea lamprey control efforts and has invested in technologies that may target other life stages to provide a more integrated approach to sea lamprey control. One technology under development is the use of pheromones to alter behavior of spawning adults. Pheromones are considered biopesticides, which are substances made from naturally occurring products, or derived from living organisms, or a microorganism, that controls pests. We provide a review of sea lamprey management that led to the development of pheromone registration. We also describe the process used to register the first vertebrate pheromone, 3-ketopetromyzonal-24-sulfate (3kPZS) in the United States and Canada and its potential uses in sea lamprey control as a supplemental tool to chemical lampricides.
The Central American river turtle Dermatemys mawii is a critically endangered species that has incurred substantial losses over the last several decades due to overhunting. This species is now being considered for head-starting programs (i.e. captive breeding of turtles for wild release). However, relatively little is known about their life history characteristics, especially with respect to growth and sexual maturation. A robust knowledge of D. mawii life history traits is important in developing conservation management plans. Our research is the first known study to maintain hatchlings, juveniles, and adults in captivity with regular morphometric data collection. We quantified growth rates (cm yr-1) and calculated growth parameters (e.g. growth coefficients) to estimate body size and age at onset of sexual maturity in a group of wild-caught but captive-held and captive-bred D. mawii in Belize. Sizes at the onset of sexual maturity were inferred by segmented linear regressions that identified changes in growth rate by body size. Asymptotic sizes and growth coefficients were calculated using the Fabens method and the Wang method. Parameters from these models were then applied to a modified von Bertalanffy growth equation to estimate age at the onset of sexual maturity. Male and female D. mawii begin sexual maturation at ca. 38.0 cm and 40.0 cm straight-line carapace length, respectively. We estimated ages associated with these sizes at 13.5-16.9 yrs (males) and 13.6-17.3 yrs (females). No previous literature on growth rates or age at maturation for wild or captive D. mawii has been reported, so our results serve as a starting point in conservation management. Given the life history trait of delayed sexual maturity (>10 years), D. mawii may be more sensitive to losses of the adult population. Therefore, the importance of captive breeding and head-starting programs may be concomitant with protecting wild, adult populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Association of Zoos and Aquaria","doi":"10.19227/jzar.v9i3.432","usgsCitation":"Bishop, N.D., Hudson, R., Marlin, J., Pop, T., Rainwater, T.R., Boylan, S.M., Atkinson, B.K., and Carthy, R., 2021, Using growth rates to estimate the minimum age and size at sexual maturity in a captive population of the critically endangered Central American river turtle Dermatemys mawii: Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, v. 9, no. 3, p. 150-156, https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v9i3.432.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"150","endPage":"156","ipdsId":"IP-094451","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Belize","county":"Toledo","otherGeospatial":"Belize Foundation for Research and Environmental Education, Hicatee Conservation Research Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.74309539794922,\n 16.444975888014174\n ],\n [\n -88.57486724853516,\n 16.444975888014174\n ],\n [\n -88.57486724853516,\n 16.59506848241128\n ],\n [\n -88.74309539794922,\n 16.59506848241128\n ],\n [\n -88.74309539794922,\n 16.444975888014174\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bishop, Nichole D.","contributorId":273246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishop","given":"Nichole","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, Rick","contributorId":212739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marlin, Jacob","contributorId":273247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marlin","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56441,"text":"Belize Foundation for Research and Environmental Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pop, Thomas","contributorId":273248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pop","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56441,"text":"Belize Foundation for Research and Environmental Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rainwater, Thomas R.","contributorId":93791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rainwater","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boylan, Shane M.","contributorId":220012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boylan","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40118,"text":"Clearwater Marine Aquarium, Clearwater, FL, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Atkinson, Benjamin K.","contributorId":273250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":56443,"text":"Flagler College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carthy, Raymond 0000-0001-8978-5083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-5083","contributorId":219303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"Raymond","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70224636,"text":"70224636 - 2021 - Physiological consequences of consuming low-energy foods: Herbivory coincides with a stress response in Yellowstone bears.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-01T13:11:41.766995","indexId":"70224636","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-31T08:06:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3919,"text":"Conservation Physiology","onlineIssn":"2051-1434","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physiological consequences of consuming low-energy foods: Herbivory coincides with a stress response in Yellowstone bears.","docAbstract":"Meat, fruit, seeds and other high-energy bear foods are often highly localized and briefly available and understanding which factors influence bear consumption of these foods is a common focus of bear conservation and ecology. However, the most common bear foods, graminoids and forbs, are more widespread but of lower quality. We poorly understand how herbage consumption impacts bear physiology, such as endocrine system function that regulates homeostasis and stress responses. Here, we described bear diets with a novel approach, measuring the concentration of chlorophyll in bear scats (faecal chlorophyll) to index the proportion of the recent diet that was composed of leaves from graminoids and forbs. We measured faecal chlorophyll and faecal cortisol in 351 grizzly (Ursus arctos, n = 255) and black bear (Ursus americanus, n = 96) scats from Yellowstone National Park in 2008–2009. We compared models of faecal chlorophyll and faecal cortisol concentrations considering the effects of spatial, dietary, scat and bear-specific factors including species. Faecal chlorophyll levels were the strongest predictor of faecal cortisol in a manner that suggested an endocrine response to a low-energy diet. Both compounds were highest during the spring and early summer months, overlapping the breeding season when higher energy foods were less available. Effects of scat composition, scat weathering, bear age, bear sex, species and other factors that have previously been shown to influence faecal cortisol in bears were not important unless faecal chlorophyll was excluded from models. The top models of faecal chlorophyll suggested grazing was primarily influenced by spatial attributes, with greater grazing closer to recreational trails, implying that elevated cortisol with grazing could be a response to anthropogenic activity. Our results confirm that higher stress hormone concentrations correspond with lower quality diets in bears, particularly grazing, and that faecal chlorophyll shows promise as a metric for studying grazing behaviour and its consequences.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coab029","usgsCitation":"Christianson, D.A., Coleman, T., Doan, Q., and Haroldson, M.A., 2021, Physiological consequences of consuming low-energy foods: Herbivory coincides with a stress response in Yellowstone bears.: Conservation Physiology, v. 9, no. 1, coab029, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coab029.","productDescription":"coab029, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126197","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coab029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":390108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -108.74267578125,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -108.74267578125,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 42.79540065303723\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christianson, David A","contributorId":145749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christianson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":16223,"text":"Institute of the Environment, University of Arizona, 325 Biological Sciences East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, Tyler H","contributorId":266163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"Tyler H","affiliations":[{"id":54935,"text":"Sequoia-Kings National Park, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doan, Quint","contributorId":266164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doan","given":"Quint","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54936,"text":"School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70223187,"text":"70223187 - 2021 - Multiple in-stream stressors degrade biological assemblages in five U.S. regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-28T14:19:10.572434","indexId":"70223187","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-31T07:46:03","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple in-stream stressors degrade biological assemblages in five U.S. regions","docAbstract":"Biological assemblages in streams are affected by a wide variety of physical and chemical stressors associated with land-use development, yet the importance of combinations of different types of stressors is not well known. From 2013 to 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey completed multi-stressor/multi-assemblage stream ecological assessments in five regions of the United States (434 streams total). Diatom, invertebrate, and fish communities were enumerated, and five types of potential stressors were quantified: habitat disturbance, excess nutrients, high flows, basic water quality, and contaminants in water and sediment. Boosted regression tree (BRT) models for each biological assemblage and region generally included variables from all five stressor types and multiple stressors types in each model was the norm. Classification and regression tree (CART) models then were used to determine thresholds for each BRT model variable above which there appeared to be adverse effects (multi-metric index (MMI) models only). In every region and assemblage there was a significant inverse relation between the MMI and the number of stressors exerting potentially adverse effects. The number of elevated instream stressors often varied substantially for a given level of land-use development and the number of elevated stressors was a better predictor of biological condition than was development. Using the adverse effects-levels that were developed based on the BRT model results, 68% of the streams had two or more stressors with potentially adverse effects and 35% had four or more. Our results indicate that relatively small increases in the number of stressors of different types can have a large effect on a stream ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149350","usgsCitation":"Waite, I.R., Van Metre, P.C., Moran, P.W., Konrad, C.P., Nowell, L.H., Meador, M., Munn, M.D., Schmidt, T., Gellis, A.C., Carlisle, D.M., Bradley, P.M., and Mahler, B., 2021, Multiple in-stream stressors degrade biological assemblages in five U.S. regions: Science of the Total Environment, v. 800, 149350, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149350.","productDescription":"149350, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-123697","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meador, Michael R. mrmeador@usgs.gov","contributorId":615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"Michael R.","email":"mrmeador@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Munn, Mark D. 0000-0002-7154-7252 mdmunn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-7252","contributorId":976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munn","given":"Mark","email":"mdmunn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":197684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science 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pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70223352,"text":"70223352 - 2021 - A typology of drought decision making: Synthesizing across cases to understand drought preparedness and response actions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T12:47:03.61403","indexId":"70223352","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-31T07:43:10","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9149,"text":"Weather and Climate Extremes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A typology of drought decision making: Synthesizing across cases to understand drought preparedness and response actions","docAbstract":"Drought is an inescapable reality in many regions, including much of the western United States. With climate change, droughts are predicted to intensify and occur more frequently, making the imperative for drought management even greater. Many diverse actors – including private landowners, business owners, scientists, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and managers and policymakers within tribal, local, state, and federal government agencies – play multiple, often overlapping roles in preparing for and responding to drought. Managing water is, of course, one of the most important roles that humans play in both mitigating and responding to droughts; but, focusing only on “water managers” or “water management” fails to capture key elements related to the broader category of drought management. The respective roles played by those managing drought (as distinct from water managers), the interactions among them, and the consequences in particular contexts, are not well understood. Our team synthesized insights from 10 in-depth case studies to understand key facets of decision making about drought preparedness and response. We present a typology with four elements that collectively describe how decisions about drought preparedness and response are made (context and objective for a decision; actors responsible; choice being made or action taken; and how decisions interact with and influence other decisions). The typology provides a framework for system-level understanding of how and by whom complex decisions about drought management are made. Greater system-level understanding helps decision makers, program and research funders, and scientists to identify constraints to and opportunities for action, to learn from the past, and to integrate ecological impacts, thereby facilitating social learning among diverse participants in drought preparedness and response.
Population genomics has significantly increased our ability to make inferences about microevolutionary processes and demographic histories, which have the potential to improve protection and recovery of imperiled species. Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) represent one of the most imperiled groups of organisms globally. Despite systemic decline of mussel abundance and diversity, studies evaluating spatiotemporal changes in distribution, demographic histories, and ecological factors that threaten long-term persistence of imperiled species remain lacking. In this study, we use genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) and mitochondrial sequence data (mtDNA) to define conservation units (CUs) for two highly imperiled freshwater mussel species, Potamilus amphichaenus and Potamilus streckersoni. We then synthesize our molecular findings with details from field collections spanning from 1901 to 2019 to further elucidate distributional trends, contemporary status, and other factors that may be contributing to population declines for our focal species. We collected GBS and mtDNA data for individuals of P. amphichaenus and P. streckersoni from freshwater mussel collections in the Brazos, Neches, Sabine, and Trinity drainages ranging from 2012 to 2019. Molecular analyses resolved disputing number of genetic clusters within P. amphichaenus and P. streckersoni; however, we find defensible support for four CUs, each corresponding to an independent river basin. Evaluations of historical and recent occurrence data illuminated a generally increasing trend of occurrence in each of the four CUs, which were correlated with recent increases in sampling effort. Taken together, these findings suggest that P. amphichaenus and P. streckersoni are likely rare throughout their respective ranges. Because of this, the establishment of CUs will facilitate evidence-based recovery planning and ensure potential captive propagation and translocation efforts are beneficial. Our synthesis represents a case study for conservation genomic assessments in freshwater mussels and provides a model for future studies aimed at recovery planning for these highly imperiled organisms.
In research, sometimes sheer happenstance and serendipity make for an unexpected discovery. Once revealed and if interesting enough, such a finding and its follow-up investigations can lead to advances by others that leave its originators ‘scooped’ and mulling about what next to do with their unpublished data, specifically what journals could it still be published in and be perceived as original. This is what occurred with us nearly 40 years ago with regard to our follow-up observations of acetylene fermentation and led us to concoct a ‘cock-and-bull’ story. We hypothesized about a plausible role for acetylene metabolism in the primordial biogeochemistry of Earth and the possibility of acetylene serving as a key life-sustaining substrate for alien microbes dwelling in the orbs of the outer solar system. With the passage of time, advances were made in whole-genome sequencing coupled with major in silico progress in bioinformatics. In parallel came the results of explorations of the outer solar system (i.e. the Cassini mission to Saturn and its moons). It now appears that these somewhat harebrained ideas of ours, arisen at first out of a sense of desperation, actually ring true in fact, and particularly well in song:
‘Tell a tale of cock and bull,
Of convincing detail full
Tale tremendous,
Heav'n defend us!
What a tale of cock and bull!'
From ‘The Yeoman of the Guard’ by Gilbert & Sullivan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/femsmc/xtab009","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., 2021, Got acetylene: A personal research retrospective: FEMS Microbes, v. 2, xtab009, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/femsmc/xtab009.","productDescription":"xtab009, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129240","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsmc/xtab009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":404553,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":257598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald S.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":847775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70222432,"text":"sim3473 - 2021 - Colored shaded-relief bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, and selected perspective views of the northern part of the California Continental Borderland, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-02T11:31:35.361279","indexId":"sim3473","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-30T10:12:21","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3473","displayTitle":"Colored Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Acoustic Backscatter, and Selected Perspective Views of the Northern Part of the California Continental Borderland, Southern California","title":"Colored shaded-relief bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, and selected perspective views of the northern part of the California Continental Borderland, southern California","docAbstract":"The California Continental Borderland is the complex continental margin in southern California that extends from Point Conception southward into northern Baja California (Fisher and others, 2009). This colored shaded-relief bathymetry map of the northern continental borderland in southern California was generated primarily from multibeam-echosounder data collected by the University of Washington in 2016, the Ocean Exploration Trust-Nautilus Exploration Program in 2015–17, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in 2017. These datasets were processed in part by the U.S. Geological Survey. Additional smaller amounts of publicly available multibeam-bathymetry data collected by other federal and local agencies, academic institutions, and private firms were also incorporated into this map. Since the production of this map, other multibeam-bathymetry data have been collected in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3473","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Washington, Ocean Exploration Trust's Nautilus Exploration Program, and National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Dartnell, P., Roland, E.C., Raineault, N.A., Castillo, C.M., Conrad, J.E., Kane, R., Brothers, D.S., Kluesner, J., and Walton, M.A.L., 2021, Colored shaded-relief bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, and selected perspective views of the northern part of the California Continental Borderland, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3473, 3 sheets, scale 1:250,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3473.","productDescription":"3 Sheets: 30.89 x 31.00 inches or smaller","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-088853","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436255,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FU7SJL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release of geologic and geophysical maps of the Santa Maria and northern part of the Point Conception 30' x 60' quadrangles, California"},{"id":387521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3473/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":387522,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3473/sim3473_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"32 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":387523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3473/sim3473_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"30 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":387524,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3473/sim3473_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","size":"20 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.47607421874999,\n 32.81959486923976\n ],\n [\n -117.33947753906249,\n 32.81959486923976\n ],\n [\n -117.33947753906249,\n 34.093610452768715\n ],\n [\n -120.47607421874999,\n 34.093610452768715\n ],\n [\n -120.47607421874999,\n 32.81959486923976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
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Environmental conditions on Earth are repeated in non-random patterns that often coincide with species from different regions and time periods having consistent combinations of morphological, physiological and behavioral traits. Observation of repeated trait combinations among species confronting similar environmental conditions suggest that adaptive trait combinations are constrained by functional tradeoffs within or across niche dimensions. In an earlier study, we assembled a high-resolution database of functional traits for 134 lizard species to explore ecological diversification in relation to five fundamental niche dimensions. Here we expand and further examine multivariate relationships in that dataset to assess the relative influence of niche dimensions on the distribution of species in 6-dimensional niche space and how these may deviate from distributions generated from null models. We then analyzed a dataset with lower functional-trait resolution for 1023 lizard species that was compiled from our dataset and a published database, representing most of the extant families and environmental conditions occupied by lizards globally. Ordinations from multivariate analysis were compared with null models to assess how ecological and historical factors have resulted in the conservation, divergence or convergence of lizard niches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s12862-021-01877-8","usgsCitation":"Pelegrin, N., Winemiller, K.O., Vitt, L.J., Fitzgerald, D.B., and Pianka, E.R., 2021, How do lizard niches conserve, diverge or converge? Further exploration of saurian evolutionary ecology: BMC Ecology and Evolution, v. 21, 149, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-021-01877-8.","productDescription":"149, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118097","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-021-01877-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388723,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pelegrin, Nicolas","contributorId":265133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pelegrin","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36900,"text":"Universidad Nacional de Córdoba","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winemiller, Kirk O.","contributorId":265134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winemiller","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vitt, Laurie J.","contributorId":147516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vitt","given":"Laurie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Daniel Bruce 0000-0002-3254-7428","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-7428","contributorId":245718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pianka, Eric R.","contributorId":265135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pianka","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70222515,"text":"70222515 - 2021 - Why study geysers?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-02T12:58:29.937962","indexId":"70222515","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-30T07:56:18","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7602,"text":"Eos, American Geophysical Union","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why study geysers?","docAbstract":"Scientific research for more than two centuries has improved our understanding of Earth’s geysers. This knowledge provides insights into volcanic processes, the origin and environmental limits of life on Earth and potentially Mars, and on geysers on icy outer solar system satellites. Continued scientific research will help us understand and protect these natural wonders that attract millions of tourists annually.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021EO161365","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Manga, M., Campbell, K., Munoz-Saez, C., and Eibl, E., 2021, Why study geysers?: Eos, American Geophysical Union, v. 102, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EO161365.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128968","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021eo161365","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":261678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, Kathleen","contributorId":261679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Kathleen","affiliations":[{"id":38833,"text":"University of Auckland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munoz-Saez, Carolina","contributorId":261680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munoz-Saez","given":"Carolina","affiliations":[{"id":28041,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eibl, Eva","contributorId":261681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eibl","given":"Eva","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52955,"text":"University of Potsdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70223685,"text":"70223685 - 2021 - Multiple climate change-driven tipping points for coastal systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T12:43:11.933949","indexId":"70223685","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-30T07:40:23","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8955,"text":"Nature--Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple climate change-driven tipping points for coastal systems","docAbstract":"As the climate evolves over the next century, the interaction of accelerating sea level rise (SLR) and storms, combined with confining development and infrastructure, will place greater stresses on physical, ecological, and human systems along the ocean-land margin. Many of these valued coastal systems could reach “tipping points,” at which hazard exposure substantially increases and threatens the present-day form, function, and viability of communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Determining the timing and nature of these tipping points is essential for effective climate adaptation planning. Here we present a multidisciplinary case study from Santa Barbara, California (USA), to identify potential climate change-related tipping points for various coastal systems. This study integrates numerical and statistical models of the climate, ocean water levels, beach and cliff evolution, and two soft sediment ecosystems, sandy beaches and tidal wetlands. We find that tipping points for beaches and wetlands could be reached with just 0.25 m or less of SLR (~ 2050), with > 50% subsequent habitat loss that would degrade overall biodiversity and ecosystem function. In contrast, the largest projected changes in socioeconomic exposure to flooding for five communities in this region are not anticipated until SLR exceeds 0.75 m for daily flooding and 1.5 m for storm-driven flooding (~ 2100 or later). These changes are less acute relative to community totals and do not qualify as tipping points given the adaptive capacity of communities. Nonetheless, the natural and human built systems are interconnected such that the loss of natural system function could negatively impact the quality of life of residents and disrupt the local economy, resulting in indirect socioeconomic impacts long before built infrastructure is directly impacted by flooding.
Light is a primary constraint on primary production and drives many ecological processes in stream ecosystems, yet light regimes have received considerably less attention than other factors of the stream environment, such as hydrology or nutrient cycling. Light received by streams can be highly heterogeneous in both space and time resulting from changes in topography, channel characteristics, and riparian vegetation. Both the structure and phenology of riparian vegetation can be important determinants of the seasonality and magnitude of light reaching the stream surface, particularly in smaller forested streams. Despite the importance of riparian phenology on temporal patterns of stream light availability, existing models do not account for the seasonal dynamics of canopies. We developed a dynamic, biophysically based model (StreamLight) that incorporates canopy structure and phenology to predict light reaching the stream surface. We compared StreamLight to an existing model at 21 sites across the USA and found that, across sites, our biophysically based model produced light estimates that were more strongly correlated to observations and reduced the magnitude of errors in comparison to the existing model, particularly for streams that were relatively narrow compared to the height of riparian vegetation. Because smaller streams represent most global stream length, we expect that, in many smaller forested streams, the inclusion of canopy structure and phenology will enhance our ability to predict light regimes. We also used model simulations to examine the importance of controls on stream light environments and found that channel width was the strongest control on light environments. StreamLight represents an important incremental step forward in developing mechanistic models of river network productivity and in linking shifts in terrestrial vegetation structure and phenology to aquatic ecosystem productivity and thermal regimes.
Subarctic catchments underlain by permafrost sequester a major stock of frozen organic carbon (C), which may be mobilized as the Arctic warms. Warming can impact C export from thawing soils by altering the depth and timing of runoff related to changing storm and fire regimes and altered soil thaw depths. We investigated C export in a first order headwater stream (West Twin Creek) and its receiving third order river (Beaver Creek) in interior Alaska using discrete sampling of dissolved organic and inorganic C (DOC and DIC) and 15-min collection of specific conductance (SC), fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) and water discharge (Q). Storm SC-Q relationships displayed negative slopes, indicating solute limitation and limited influence of seasonal soil thaw on storm runoff chemistry. Concurrently, fDOM-Q displayed positive slopes that decreased over the summer, indicating flushing of a limited fDOM pool. Baseflow DIC increased over the season concurrent with soil thaw, with higher DIC at the larger scale indicating greater influence of deeper, mineral-rich flow paths. Storm and seasonal trends were generally similar at both scales. The biggest difference was in fDOM, which displayed higher concentrations and slower depletion in the first order stream. Improved process understanding from this study can be used to better predict carbon export and cycling by stream networks as northern forests and arctic regions continue to warm.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021jg006268","usgsCitation":"Koch, J.C., Dornblaser, M., and Striegl, R., 2021, Storm-scale and seasonal dynamics of carbon export from a nested subarctic watershed underlain by permafrost: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, v. 126, no. 8, e2021JG006268, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jg006268.","productDescription":"e2021JG006268, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125754","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jg006268","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River, Beaver Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 65.45826097864811\n ],\n [\n -144.0087890625,\n 65.45826097864811\n ],\n [\n -144.0087890625,\n 67.28901521116026\n ],\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 67.28901521116026\n ],\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 65.45826097864811\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dornblaser, Mark 0000-0002-6298-3757","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-3757","contributorId":220741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Rob 0000-0002-8251-4659","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":264605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Striegl","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":37374,"text":"Retired USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228920,"text":"70228920 - 2021 - Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-25T12:02:16.385365","indexId":"70228920","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T14:51:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill","title":"Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill","docAbstract":"Oil spills represent a continued threat to marine wildlife. Although the public expects, and the State of California, US requires, oiled animals to be rescued for rehabilitation and release, scientists have questioned the welfare and conservation value of capture and rehabilitation of oiled wildlife, based on poor postrelease survival documented in the few available studies. In May 2015, Plains Pipeline 901 spilled >100,000 gallons of oil near Refugio State Beach, California. Many California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) were oiled; capture and rehabilitation efforts began within 1 d. Ultimately, 65 live birds were captured, including 50 pelicans. Forty-six pelicans survived and were released. Of these, 12 adults (six male, six female) were fitted with solar-powered GPS satellite Platform Terminal Transmitters (PTT) and released in June 2015. In early July, we captured eight adult (three male, four female, one unknown), unoiled pelicans from the Ventura, California area. These control birds were similarly instrumented and released immediately. At 6 mo after release, PTTs from nine of 12 oiled pelicans and six of eight control pelicans were still transmitting; at 1 yr, those numbers decreased to two of 12 and two of eight, respectively. Survival analysis revealed no difference in survival between oiled and control birds. Although our sample size is limited, these data demonstrate that most oiled and rehabilitated pelicans can survive for 6 mo following release, and some individuals can survive over 1 yr.
","language":"English","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-20-00171","usgsCitation":"Fiorello, C., Jodice, P.G., Lamb, J., Satgé, Y., Mills, K., and Ziccardi, M., 2021, Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 57, no. 3, p. 590-600, https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-20-00171.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"590","endPage":"600","ipdsId":"IP-119138","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/jwd-d-20-00171","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396455,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Gaviota Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.37033081054688,\n 34.38197934098774\n ],\n [\n -120.1667,\n 34.38197934098774\n ],\n [\n -120.1667,\n 34.55011476000879\n ],\n [\n -120.37033081054688,\n 34.55011476000879\n ],\n [\n -120.37033081054688,\n 34.38197934098774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fiorello, C. V.","contributorId":212006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fiorello","given":"C. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":219852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamb, J. S.","contributorId":270975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamb","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Satgé, Y. G.","contributorId":265430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satgé","given":"Y. G.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mills, K.","contributorId":280025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36629,"text":"University of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ziccardi, M.","contributorId":212007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ziccardi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70229668,"text":"70229668 - 2021 - Steppe eagle Aquila nipalensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-14T16:49:18.287418","indexId":"70229668","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T11:48:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"11","title":"Steppe eagle Aquila nipalensis","docAbstract":"The steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis) is a globally endangered, full migrant raptor that breeds in the southern temperate zone from European Russia in the west to eastern Mongolia, Dauria and adjacent north-eastern China in the east. It winters in Africa, the Middle East and Southern and South-Eastern Asia, and migrations can sometimes entail journeys > 10,000 km in length. Kazakhstan, Russia and Mongolia are the breeding strongholds. Declines in the breeding population, which are estimated to total 50-60%, are most obvious in Europe. Migration occurs during August-October, and again during February–April. For some populations, migration paths form notable clockwise loops, as steppe eagles use different seasonal flyways to avoid barriers such as the Red Sea, the Gobi Desert or the Himalayas. Threats to the population include loss of habitat, persecution, inadvertent poisoning, and electrocution. Very large aggregations settle at anthropogenically-generated waste disposal sites, and these sometimes provide potential for mass poisonings and increased risk of electrocution. Creation of new waste disposal sites may have caused changes in the wintering distribution of steppe eagles in recent decades. Robust regional and range-wide population estimates are lacking, as are important details about food availability and risk of poisoning and electrocution, and these gaps undermine effective management.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"McGrady, M.J., Bragin, E.A., Karyakin, I., Batbayar, N., and Katzner, T., 2021, Steppe eagle Aquila nipalensis, chap. 11 of Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118355","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGrady, Michael J.","contributorId":189117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGrady","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bragin, Evgeny A.","contributorId":194894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bragin","given":"Evgeny","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35656,"text":"Science Department, Naurzum National Nature Reserve, Kostanay Oblast, Naurzumski Raijon, Karamendy, Kazakhstan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karyakin, Igor","contributorId":288423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karyakin","given":"Igor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61753,"text":"Sibecocenter LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batbayar, Nyambaya","contributorId":181791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batbayar","given":"Nyambaya","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70229669,"text":"70229669 - 2021 - Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-14T16:45:34.055082","indexId":"70229669","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T11:27:57","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"26","title":"Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus","docAbstract":"Red-footed falcons (Falco vespertinus) are a small, long-distance and obligate migrant falcon that breeds at the forest-steppe interface in Eurasia and winters in Southern Africa. Research carried out with geolocators and satellite transmitters show that during the southbound migration Central Asian birds migrate through the Caucasus and the Middle East, while those from Eastern Europe cross the Eastern Mediterranean. Once in Africa, they cross the Sahara, the Sahel, where they perform short stopovers, and the Congo rainforest or the Rift valley, heading towards the wintering grounds. Northbound migration involves stopovers in West Africa and long crossings over the Mediterranean Sea. Both visual observations and tracking studies show that at least some populations of the species perform a clockwise loop migration that involves extensive longitudinal movements and. for some sub-populations, crossing the Central Mediterranean only during spring. Pre-breeding migration has a longer duration than post-breeding migration, probably because stopovers are longer and wind assistance lower. Red-footed falcons also face substantial anthropogenic threats along migration, particularly the risk of shooting at migratory bottlenecks.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Katzner, T., Bragin, E.A., and Miller, T.A., 2021, Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus, chap. 26 of Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104711","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bragin, Evgeny A.","contributorId":194894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bragin","given":"Evgeny","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35656,"text":"Science Department, Naurzum National Nature Reserve, Kostanay Oblast, Naurzumski Raijon, Karamendy, Kazakhstan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Tricia A.","contributorId":190591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Tricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16210,"text":"Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70222117,"text":"70222117 - 2021 - Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-09T16:41:58.050387","indexId":"70222117","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T11:12:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA","title":"Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA","docAbstract":"Several mortality events involving barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) were reported in the Upper Midwestern states in 2017 and 2018. Barn swallow mortality followed unseasonal cold snaps, with the primary cause of death being emaciation with concurrent air sac nematodiasis. Lesions in cliff swallows were consistent with blunt force trauma from suspected car impacts. Examination of air sac nematodes from both bird species revealed morphological characters consistent with Diplotriaena obtusa. Sequence analysis of the partial 18S rRNA gene indicated the samples clustered with other species in the genus Diplotriaena. These nematodes provide a link between morphological specimens and DNA sequence data for D. obtusa.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/19-76","usgsCitation":"Michalski, M., Kadolph, E., Roderick, C., Lankton, J.S., and Cole, R.A., 2021, Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA: Journal of Parasitology, v. 107, no. 4, p. 593-599, https://doi.org/10.1645/19-76.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"593","endPage":"599","ipdsId":"IP-107110","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1645/19-76","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Minnesota, Nebraska, South Dakota","city":"Cold Spring, Sioux Falls","otherGeospatial":"Grand Lake, Lewis and Clark State Recreation Area, Pleasant Valley Township","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.60348320007324,\n 42.83015652099459\n ],\n [\n -97.56580352783203,\n 42.83015652099459\n ],\n [\n -97.56580352783203,\n 42.84198920544056\n ],\n [\n -97.60348320007324,\n 42.84198920544056\n ],\n [\n -97.60348320007324,\n 42.83015652099459\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.92550659179688,\n 43.35214549645439\n ],\n [\n -96.70852661132812,\n 43.35214549645439\n ],\n [\n -96.70852661132812,\n 43.511708955963776\n ],\n [\n -96.92550659179688,\n 43.511708955963776\n ],\n [\n -96.92550659179688,\n 43.35214549645439\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.06900787353516,\n 42.194951362905265\n ],\n [\n -89.9948501586914,\n 42.194951362905265\n ],\n [\n -89.9948501586914,\n 42.24808928105648\n ],\n [\n -90.06900787353516,\n 42.24808928105648\n ],\n [\n -90.06900787353516,\n 42.194951362905265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.4601058959961,\n 45.39820890405686\n ],\n [\n -94.30492401123047,\n 45.39820890405686\n ],\n [\n -94.30492401123047,\n 45.47048444989679\n ],\n [\n -94.4601058959961,\n 45.47048444989679\n ],\n [\n -94.4601058959961,\n 45.39820890405686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalski, Michelle","contributorId":261249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalski","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52783,"text":"University WI Oshkosh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kadolph, Emily","contributorId":261250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kadolph","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52783,"text":"University WI Oshkosh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roderick, Constance 0000-0001-8330-8024","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-8024","contributorId":215346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roderick","given":"Constance","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lankton, Julia S. 0000-0002-6843-4388 jlankton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-4388","contributorId":5888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lankton","given":"Julia","email":"jlankton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cole, Rebecca A. 0000-0003-2923-1622 rcole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1622","contributorId":2873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Rebecca","email":"rcole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70221754,"text":"70221754 - 2021 - Using the DRCOG 2018 pilot land use land cover data to predict urban air temperature in the Denver metro area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-15T15:42:12.114323","indexId":"70221754","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T10:40:02","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9345,"text":"Denver Regional Data Consortium Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":30}},"title":"Using the DRCOG 2018 pilot land use land cover data to predict urban air temperature in the Denver metro area","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Denver Regional Council of Governments","usgsCitation":"Ibsen, P.C., 2021, Using the DRCOG 2018 pilot land use land cover data to predict urban air temperature in the Denver metro area: Denver Regional Data Consortium Newsletter, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-130771","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":389268,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://drcog.org/services-and-resources/data-maps-and-modeling/regional-land-use-land-cover-project"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.28472900390625,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -104.57199096679688,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -104.57199096679688,\n 40.042334918180536\n ],\n [\n -105.28472900390625,\n 40.042334918180536\n ],\n [\n -105.28472900390625,\n 39.42770738465604\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ibsen, Peter Christian 0000-0002-3436-9100","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-9100","contributorId":260735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibsen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224300,"text":"70224300 - 2021 - FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem database and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-21T15:05:21.492772","indexId":"70224300","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T09:56:48","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1426,"text":"Earth System Science Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem database and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands","title":"FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem database and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands","docAbstract":"Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH4 flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH4 emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH4 flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH4 EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH4 fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH4 representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH4 emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH4 fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH4 emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20∘ S to 20∘ N) the spring onset of elevated CH4 emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH4 emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH4 emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH4 emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH4 emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH4 emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH4 modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH4 peak). FLUXNET-CH4 is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH4 cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH4 data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper.
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This outbreak led to the demise of over 50 million domestic birds and occurred mainly during the northward spring migration of adult avian populations.
There have been no experimental examinations of the pathogenesis, transmission, and population impacts of this virus in adult wild waterfowl with varying exposure histories—the most relevant age class.
We captured, housed, and challenged adult wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) with HPAIV H5N2 clade 2.3.4.4 and measured viral infection, viral excretion, and transmission to other mallards.
All inoculated birds became infected and excreted moderate amounts of virus, primarily orally, for up to 14 days. Cohoused, uninoculated birds also all became infected. Serological status had no effect on susceptibility. There were no obvious clinical signs of disease, and all birds survived to the end of the study (14 days).
Based on these results, adult mallards are viable hosts of HPAIV H5N2 regardless of prior exposure history and are capable of transporting the virus over short and long distances. These findings have implications for surveillance efforts. The capture and sampling of wild waterfowl in the spring, when most surveillance programs are not operating, are important to consider in the design of future HPAIV surveillance programs.
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In many cases, abrupt changes arise from slow changes in one component of the Earth system that eventually pass a critical threshold, or tipping point, after which impacts cascade through coupled climate–ecological–social systems. The chance of detecting abrupt changes and tipping points increases with the length of observations. The geological record provides the only long-term information we have on the conditions and processes that can drive physical, ecological and social systems into new states or organizational structures that may be irreversible within human time frames. Here, we use well-documented abrupt changes of the past 30 kyr to illustrate how their impacts cascade through the Earth system. We review useful indicators of upcoming abrupt changes, or early warning signals, and provide a perspective on the contributions of palaeoclimate science to the understanding of abrupt changes in the Earth system.