The Proximity Visualization Tool is a simple lightweight tool that can be placed on web pages that allows users to identify non-native species near Department of Interior lands. The tool works by accessing the more than 400 million species occurrence records in the Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) database using the BISON Application Programming Interface (API).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213027","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Harrison, T., Visualizing proximity of non-native species to protected areas of the United States—A proximity visualization tool for BISON: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021–3027, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213027.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-115865","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386656,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image 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Environmental Sciences Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2630 Fanta Reed Road
La Crosse, WI 54603
Groundwater is an important source of drinking water in California. Water-borne diseases caused by microbial contamination are a growing concern. The MI test, a membrane filtration method for the chromogenic/fluorogenic detection of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, was used for samples collected January to April 2014 from 42 domestic wells in the southeastern San Joaquin Valley. The wells were sampled as part of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment Program Priority Basin Project (GAMA-PBP), a cooperative study between the U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board. Polymerase chain reaction analysis and sequencing of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were used for 34 target and nontarget colonies that grew on the MI media from samples collected from 13 of the domestic wells to identify what genera of bacteria could exist in groundwater used by domestic wells. Gene sequences obtained using the Sanger method were entered into the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) database, and 17 genera of bacteria were identified. Of these, 13 genera contain species that are human pathogens or opportunistic human pathogens. All the genera that include human pathogens are naturally present in soil, plants, or water; one of the pathogens also can be found in fecal matter. Six of the human pathogens were from non-target colony growth on the MI media. Target and non-target microbial growth on MI media are indicators of the possible presence of pathogenic bacteria even if the bacteria naturally are from soil rather than from a fecal source.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215030","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with California State Water Resources Control BoardDirector,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
The mangrove forests across the Federated States of Micronesia provide critical resources and contribute to climate resilience. Locally, mangrove forests provide habitat for fish and wildlife, timber, and other cultural resources. Mangrove forests also protect Micronesian communities from tropical cyclones and tsunamis, providing a buffer against powerful waves and winds. Mangrove forests in Micronesia can store 700–1,800 metric tons of carbon per hectare (Donato and others, 2011), contributing to the estimated 5–10 billion metric tons of carbon stored by mangroves around the world (Alongi, 2018). This carbon storage is essential for global climate resilience.
Mangrove forests and the benefits these ecosystems provide are threatened by accelerating sea-level rise and human activities. Healthy mangrove forests are resilient systems and have kept pace with some amounts of sea-level rise, but rapid sea-level rise could outpace the mangroves’ ability to adapt. Degraded mangroves are at greater risk where natural processes have been altered. Overharvest and clearing of timber, infrastructure development, and altered hydrology are just a few of the human activities that can damage mangrove forests.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213030","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture-U.S. Forest Service, Micronesia Conservation Trust, Conservation Society of Pohnpei, Pacific Island Climate Adaptation Science Center, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Thorne, K.M., and Buffington, K.J., 2021, Sea-level rise vulnerability of mangrove forests on the Micronesian Island of Pohnpei: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021-3030, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213030","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-122163","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386653,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3030/images"},{"id":386652,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3030/fs20213030.xml"},{"id":386651,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3030/fs20213030.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":386650,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3030/covrthb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Island of Pohnpei","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 158.06442260742188,\n 6.770988820924266\n ],\n [\n 158.38577270507812,\n 6.770988820924266\n ],\n [\n 158.38577270507812,\n 7.027297875479451\n ],\n [\n 158.06442260742188,\n 7.027297875479451\n ],\n [\n 158.06442260742188,\n 6.770988820924266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
The Mississippi Alluvial Plain hosts one of the most prolific shallow aquifer systems in the United States but is experiencing chronic groundwater decline. The Reelfoot rift and New Madrid seismic zone underlie the region and represent an important and poorly understood seismic hazard. Despite its societal and economic importance, the shallow subsurface architecture has not been mapped with the spatial resolution needed for effective management. Here, we present airborne electromagnetic, magnetic, and radiometric observations, measured over more than 43,000 flight-line-kilometers, which collectively provide a system-scale snapshot of the entire region. We develop detailed maps of aquifer connectivity and shallow geologic structure, infer relationships between structure and groundwater age, and identify previously unseen paleochannels and shallow fault structures. This dataset demonstrates how regional-scale airborne geophysics can close a scale gap in Earth observation by providing observational data at suitable scales and resolutions to improve our understanding of subsurface structures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/s43247-021-00200-z","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Rigby, J.R., James, S.R., Burton, B.L., Knierim, K.J., Pace, M., Bedrosian, P.A., and Kress, W., 2021, Airborne geophysical surveys of the lower Mississippi Valley demonstrate system-scale mapping of subsurface architecture: Communications Earth & Environment, v. 2, 131, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00200-z.","productDescription":"131, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126061","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00200-z","text":"Publisher Index 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0000-0001-5715-253X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5715-253X","contributorId":260620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":138925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knierim, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5361-4132 kknierim@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-4132","contributorId":191788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knierim","given":"Katherine","email":"kknierim@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pace, Michael 0000-0003-2770-5724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2770-5724","contributorId":216678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pace","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":819081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kress, Wade 0000-0002-6833-028X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6833-028X","contributorId":203539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"Wade","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70228607,"text":"70228607 - 2021 - Hydrology of annual winter water level drawdown regimes in recreational lakes of Massachusetts, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T17:30:20.604864","indexId":"70228607","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-22T11:19:50","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrology of annual winter water level drawdown regimes in recreational lakes of Massachusetts, United States","docAbstract":"Annual winter water level drawdown (WD) is a common lake management strategy to maintain recreational value by controlling nuisance macrophytes and preventing ice damage to shoreline infrastructure in lakes of the northeastern United States. The state of Massachusetts provides general guidelines for lake managers to implement and practice WDs. However, WD management reporting is not required and as such empirical water level records are scarce, making it difficult to assess guideline adherence and link these management actions to littoral habitat conditions. We monitored water levels bihourly in 18 lakes with ongoing WD regimes and 3 non-drawdown lakes over 3–4 yr. Our results show an interlake drawdown magnitude gradient of 0.07–2.66 m with intralake consistency across years. Corresponding WD magnitudes generated exposure of 1.3–37.6% for entire lakebeds and 9.2–71.1% for littoral zones. WD durations averaged 171 d and ranged widely from 5 to 246 d. Longer recession and refill phase durations and faster recession rates were moderately to strongly correlated with drawdown magnitudes. WDs were predominantly initiated prior to the state of Massachusetts 1 November starting guideline (83.1%) and refilled to summer reference levels after the recommended date of 1 April (70.6%). To minimize ecological impacts while still meeting recreational goals, WD performance guidelines may require a more fine-scale approach that integrates local hydrogeomorphic features and the presence of WD-sensitive littoral biotic assemblages. However, climate change model projections of warmer and wetter winters in the Northeast indicate increasing uncertainty for WD as an effective and worthwhile macrophyte control tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10402381.2021.1927268","usgsCitation":"Carmignani, J., Roy, A.H., Stolarski, J., and Richards, T., 2021, Hydrology of annual winter water level drawdown regimes in recreational lakes of Massachusetts, United States: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 37, no. 4, p. 339-359, https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2021.1927268.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"359","ipdsId":"IP-117681","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2021.1927268","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carmignani, Jason R.","contributorId":276347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carmignani","given":"Jason R.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stolarski, Jason","contributorId":276348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stolarski","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51525,"text":"Massachusetts Division of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richards, Todd","contributorId":276349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richards","given":"Todd","affiliations":[{"id":51525,"text":"Massachusetts Division of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70221400,"text":"ds1137 - 2021 - Survey of fish assemblages in the upper Neversink River and upper Rondout Creek, New York, 2017–19","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-23T12:09:25.791588","indexId":"ds1137","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-22T11:05:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1137","displayTitle":"Survey of Fish Assemblages in the Upper Neversink River and Upper Rondout Creek, New York, 2017–19","title":"Survey of fish assemblages in the upper Neversink River and upper Rondout Creek, New York, 2017–19","docAbstract":"Streams in the Catskill Mountains region of New York provide many important ecological and economic services, including recreational angling and serving as a drinking water supply to New York City. Many streams in this region were adversely affected by acid deposition during the late 20th century, impairing water quality and aquatic ecosystems. More recently, the level of acid deposition has declined while changes in climate have become more pronounced. As a result, biological and chemical data are needed to determine the current condition of stream ecosystems in the Catskill Mountains region. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Rondout Neversink Stream Program, surveyed fish communities and water chemistry annually between 2017 and 2019 at 23 sites in the upper Neversink River and upper Rondout Creek watersheds to compile a contemporary baseline dataset and assess potential biological recovery from reduced acidification.
The resulting data indicated that brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were present at every study site, although slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) was the most abundant species at most sites. Stream pH ranged from 4.8 to 7.0 across all sites and generally increased from upstream to downstream. Similarly, the number of species present and the ratio of brown trout (Salmo trutta) to brook trout increased at sites in each subwatershed from upstream to downstream.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1137","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Rondout Neversink Stream Program","usgsCitation":"Winterhalter, D.R., George, S.D., and Baldigo, B.P., 2021, Survey of fish assemblages in the upper Neversink River and upper Rondout Creek, 2017–19: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1137, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1137.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 55 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-1118329","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386501,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1137/ds1137_2pg_spread.pdf","text":"Report (2-page spread)","size":"4.12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1137 (2-page spread)","linkHelpText":"- To be printed on tabloid paper"},{"id":386500,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1137/ds1137.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.85 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1137"},{"id":386499,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1137/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":386502,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70C4V25","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Adirondack and Catskill stream-fish survey dataset (ver. 3.0, November 2020)"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Upper Neversink River, Upper Rondout Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 41.66060124302088\n ],\n [\n -73.7841796875,\n 41.66060124302088\n ],\n [\n -73.7841796875,\n 42.40317854182803\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 42.40317854182803\n ],\n [\n -75.157470703125,\n 41.66060124302088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180–8349
Climate plays a central role in coral-reef development, especially in marginal environments. The high-latitude reefs of southeast Florida are currently non-accreting, relict systems with low coral cover. This region also did not support the extensive Late Pleistocene reef development observed in many other locations around the world; however, there is evidence of significant reef building in southeast Florida during the Holocene. Using 146 radiometric ages from reefs extending ~ 120 km along Florida’s southeast coast, we test the hypothesis that the latitudinal extent of Holocene reef development in this region was modulated by climatic variability. We demonstrate that although sea-level changes impacted rates of reef accretion and allowed reefs to backstep inshore as new habitats were flooded, sea level was not the ultimate cause of reef demise. Instead, we conclude that climate was the primary driver of the expansion and contraction of Florida’s reefs during the Holocene. Reefs grew to 26.7° N in southeast Florida during the relatively warm, stable climate at the beginning of the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) ~ 10,000 years ago, but subsequent cooling and increased frequency of winter cold fronts were associated with the equatorward contraction of reef building. By ~ 7800 years ago, actively accreting reefs only extended to 26.1° N. Reefs further contracted to 25.8° N after 5800 years ago, and by 3000 years ago reef development had terminated throughout southern Florida (24.5–26.7° N). Modern warming is unlikely to simply reverse this trend, however, because the climate of the Anthropocene will be fundamentally different from the HTM. By increasing the frequency and intensity of both warm and cold extreme-weather events, contemporary climate change will instead amplify conditions inimical to reef development in marginal reef environments such as southern Florida, making them more likely to continue to deteriorate than to resume accretion in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-87883-8","usgsCitation":"Toth, L., Precht, W.F., Modys, A.B., Stathakopoulos, A., Robbart, M.L., Hudson, J.H., Olenik, A.E., Riegl, B.M., Shinn, E.A., and Aronson, R.B., 2021, Climate and the latitudinal limits of subtropical reef development: Scientific Reports, v. 11, 13044, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87883-8.","productDescription":"13044, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119760","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87883-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386699,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.343017578125,\n 25.443274612305746\n ],\n [\n -79.7607421875,\n 25.443274612305746\n ],\n [\n -79.7607421875,\n 27.352252938063845\n ],\n [\n -80.343017578125,\n 27.352252938063845\n ],\n [\n -80.343017578125,\n 25.443274612305746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Precht, William F. 0000-0002-6546-985X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-985X","contributorId":260614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Precht","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":52621,"text":"Dial Cordy & Associates, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Modys, Alexander B.","contributorId":260615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Modys","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stathakopoulos, Anastasios 0000-0002-4404-035X astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-035X","contributorId":147744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stathakopoulos","given":"Anastasios","email":"astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robbart, Martha L.","contributorId":260616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robbart","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":33295,"text":"independent consultant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hudson, J. Harold","contributorId":214860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Harold","affiliations":[{"id":39127,"text":"Reef Tech, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Olenik, Anton E.","contributorId":260617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olenik","given":"Anton","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Riegl, Bernhard M 0000-0002-6003-9324","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6003-9324","contributorId":222162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riegl","given":"Bernhard","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13165,"text":"Nova Southeastern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shinn, Eugene A.","contributorId":210858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aronson, Richard B. 0000-0003-0383-3844","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-3844","contributorId":212695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aronson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17748,"text":"Florida Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70225588,"text":"70225588 - 2021 - Physiological differences in bleaching response of the coral Porites astreoides along the Florida Keys reef tract during high-temperature stress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-26T14:22:10.92617","indexId":"70225588","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-22T09:16:10","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3912,"text":"Frontiers in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2296-7745","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Physiological differences in bleaching response of the coral Porites astreoides along the Florida Keys reef tract during high-temperature stress","title":"Physiological differences in bleaching response of the coral Porites astreoides along the Florida Keys reef tract during high-temperature stress","docAbstract":"The Florida Keys reef tract (FKRT) has a unique geological history wherein Holocene sea-level rise and bathymetry interacted, resulting in a reef-building system with notable spatial differences in reef development. Overprinted on this geologic history, recent global and local stressors have led to degraded reefs dominated by fleshy algae, soft corals, and sponges. Here, we assessed how coral physiology (calcification rate, tissue thickness, reproduction, symbiosis, and bleaching) varies seasonally (winter vs. summer) and geographically using 40 colonies of the mustard hill coral Porites astreoides from four sites across 350 km along the FKRT from 2015 to 2017. The study coincided with a high-temperature event in late summer 2015 that caused heterogeneous levels of coral bleaching across sites. Bleaching severity differed by site, with bleaching response more aligned with heat stress retroactively calculated from local degree heating weeks than those predicted by satellites. Despite differences in temperature profiles and bleaching severity, all colonies hosted Symbiodiniaceae of the same genus (formerly Clade A and subtypes). Overall, P. astreoides at Dry Tortugas National Park, the consistently coolest site, had the highest calcification rates, symbiont cell densities, and reproductive potential (all colonies were reproductive, with most planula larvae per polyp). Corals at Dry Tortugas and Fowey Rocks Light demonstrated strong seasonality in net calcification (higher in summer) and did not express visual or partial-mortality responses from the bleaching event; in contrast, colonies in the middle and southern part of the upper keys, Sombrero Key and Crocker Reef, demonstrated similar reduced fitness from bleaching, but differential recovery trajectories following the heat stress. Identifying reefs, such as Dry Tortugas and possibly Fowey Rocks Light that may serve as heat-stress refugia, is important in selecting candidate sites for adaptive reef-management strategies, such as selective propagation and assisted gene flow, to increase coral-species adaptation to ocean warming.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2021.615795","usgsCitation":"Lenz, E.A., Bartlett, L., Stathakopoulos, A., and Kuffner, I.B., 2021, Physiological differences in bleaching response of the coral Porites astreoides along the Florida Keys reef tract during high-temperature stress: Frontiers in Marine Science, v. 8, 615795, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.615795.","productDescription":"615795, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-123456","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451787,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.615795","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P955KBD3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Experimental coral-growth and physiological data and time-series imagery for Porites astreoides in the Florida Keys, U.S.A."},{"id":390961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Crocker Reef, Fowey Rocks Light, Pulaski Shoal Light, Sombrero Key Light","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.3807373046875,\n 24.101632993396617\n ],\n [\n -79.6728515625,\n 24.101632993396617\n ],\n [\n -79.6728515625,\n 25.898761936567023\n ],\n [\n -83.3807373046875,\n 25.898761936567023\n ],\n [\n -83.3807373046875,\n 24.101632993396617\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lenz, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":218227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lenz","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartlett, Lucy 0000-0001-6603-7090","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6603-7090","contributorId":214863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartlett","given":"Lucy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stathakopoulos, Anastasios 0000-0002-4404-035X astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-035X","contributorId":147744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stathakopoulos","given":"Anastasios","email":"astathakopoulos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70222528,"text":"70222528 - 2021 - The 2011-2019 Long Valley Caldera inflation: New insights from separation of superimposed geodetic signals and 3D modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T12:53:15.309851","indexId":"70222528","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-22T07:50:35","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2011-2019 Long Valley Caldera inflation: New insights from separation of superimposed geodetic signals and 3D modeling","docAbstract":"Increasingly accurate, and spatio-temporally dense, measurements of Earth surface movements enable us to identify multiple deformation patterns and highlight the need to properly characterize the related source processes. This is particularly important in tectonically active areas, where deformation measurement is crucial for monitoring ongoing processes and assessing future hazard. Long Valley Caldera, California, USA, is a volcanic area where frequent episodes of unrest involve inflation and increased seismicity. Ground- and satellite-based instruments show that volcanic inflation renewed in 2011, and is continuing as of early 2021. Additionally, Long Valley Caldera is affected by the large, but spatially and temporally variable, amounts of precipitation falling on the adjacent Sierra Nevada Range.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117055","usgsCitation":"Silverii, F., Pulvirenti, F., Montgomery-Brown, E.K., Borsa, A., and Neely, W., 2021, The 2011-2019 Long Valley Caldera inflation: New insights from separation of superimposed geodetic signals and 3D modeling: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 569, 117055, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117055.","productDescription":"117055, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125280","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5007119","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.970703125,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -115.7080078125,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -115.7080078125,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -119.970703125,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -119.970703125,\n 35.24561909420681\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"569","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silverii, F.","contributorId":261709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silverii","given":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":52961,"text":"GFZ Potsdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pulvirenti, F.","contributorId":261710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pulvirenti","given":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":36276,"text":"JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. 0000-0001-6787-2055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-2055","contributorId":214074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Borsa, A.","contributorId":261711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borsa","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":52963,"text":"Scripps UC San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neely, W.","contributorId":261712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neely","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52963,"text":"Scripps UC San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70221722,"text":"70221722 - 2021 - Sex- and developmental stage-related differences in the hepatic transcriptome of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) exposed to 17β-Trenbolone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-14T16:21:53.804535","indexId":"70221722","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-22T07:19:39","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Sex- and developmental stage-related differences in the hepatic transcriptome of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) exposed to 17β-Trenbolone","title":"Sex- and developmental stage-related differences in the hepatic transcriptome of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) exposed to 17β-Trenbolone","docAbstract":"Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can cause transcriptomic changes that may disrupt biological processes associated with reproductive function including metabolism, transport, and cell growth. We investigated effects from in ovo and dietary exposure to 17β-trenbolone (at 0, 1, and 10 ppm) on the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) hepatic transcriptome. Our objectives were to identify differentially expressed hepatic genes, assess perturbations of biological pathways, and examine sex- and developmental stage–related differences. The number of significantly differentially expressed genes was higher in embryos than in adults. Male embryos exhibited greater differential gene expression than female embryos, whereas in adults, males and females exhibited similar numbers of differentially expressed genes (>2-fold). Vitellogenin and apovitellenin-1 were up-regulated in male adults exposed to 10 ppm 17β-trenbolone, and these birds also exhibited indications of immunomodulation. Functional grouping of differentially expressed genes identified processes including metabolism and transport of biomolecules, enzyme activity, and extracellular matrix interactions. Pathway enrichment analyses identified as perturbed peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor pathway, cardiac muscle contraction, gluconeogenesis, growth factor signaling, focal adhesion, and bile acid biosynthesis. One of the primary uses of 17β-trenbolone is that of a growth promoter, and these results identify effects on mechanistic pathways related to steroidogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, and metabolism of lipids and proteins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5143","usgsCitation":"Mittal, K., Henry, P.F., Cornman, R.S., Maddox, C.M., Basu, N., and Karouna-Renier, N., 2021, Sex- and developmental stage-related differences in the hepatic transcriptome of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) exposed to 17β-Trenbolone: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 40, no. 9, p. 2559-2570, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5143.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2559","endPage":"2570","ipdsId":"IP-126515","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M4JOOV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hepatic Transcriptome of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) Exposed to 17B.-Trenbolone"},{"id":386889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mittal, Krittika","contributorId":260707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mittal","given":"Krittika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6646,"text":"McGill University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henry, Paula F. P. 0000-0002-7601-5546 phenry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-5546","contributorId":4485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Paula","email":"phenry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F. P.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maddox, Catherine M.","contributorId":192013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maddox","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Basu, Niladri","contributorId":60085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Basu","given":"Niladri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie 0000-0001-7127-033X nkarouna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-033X","contributorId":200983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie","email":"nkarouna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70222056,"text":"70222056 - 2021 - As the prey thickens: Rainbow trout select prey based upon width not length","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T20:11:24.233635","indexId":"70222056","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-21T15:00:46","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"As the prey thickens: Rainbow trout select prey based upon width not length","docAbstract":"Drift-feeding fish are typically considered size-selective predators. Yet, few studies have explicitly tested which aspect of prey “size” best explains size selection by drift-foraging fish. Here, we develop a Bayesian discrete choice model to evaluate how attributes of both prey and predator simultaneously influence size-selective foraging. We apply the model to a large dataset of paired invertebrate drift (n = 784) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diets (n = 1028). We characterized prey “size” using six metrics (length, width, area, hemispherical area, volume, mass) and used pseudo-R2 to determine which metric best explained observed prey selection across seven taxa. We found that rainbow trout are positively size-selective, they are selecting prey based upon differences in prey width, and size-selectivity increases with fish length. Rainbow trout demonstrated strong selection for the adult and pupae stages of aquatic insects relative to their larval stages. Our study provides strong empirical evidence for size-selective foraging in rainbow trout and demonstrates prey selection is based primarily upon width, not length or area as has been widely reported.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2020-0113","usgsCitation":"Dodrill, M., Yackulic, C., Kennedy, T., Yard, M.D., and Josh Korman, 2021, As the prey thickens: Rainbow trout select prey based upon width not length: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 78, no. 7, p. 809-819, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0113.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"809","endPage":"819","ipdsId":"IP-118180","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436296,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P923AX7C","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Rainbow trout diet and invertebrate drift data from 2012-2015 for the Colorado River, Grand Canyon, Arizona"},{"id":387195,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.44256591796875,\n 36.923547681089296\n ],\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 36.925743371044966\n ],\n [\n -111.64306640625,\n 36.8708321556463\n ],\n [\n -111.719970703125,\n 36.74328605437939\n ],\n [\n -111.88201904296875,\n 36.551568887374\n ],\n [\n -111.90948486328125,\n 36.39696752441776\n ],\n [\n -111.86004638671875,\n 36.219902972702606\n ],\n [\n -111.84906005859375,\n 36.1245647481333\n ],\n [\n -111.94244384765625,\n 36.0624217151089\n ],\n [\n -112.0330810546875,\n 36.09127994838079\n ],\n [\n -112.14019775390625,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -112.1484375,\n 36.046878280461684\n ],\n [\n -111.917724609375,\n 36.006895355244666\n ],\n [\n -111.7913818359375,\n 36.09349937380574\n ],\n [\n -111.77215576171874,\n 36.255348043040904\n ],\n [\n -111.81610107421875,\n 36.366010258936925\n ],\n [\n -111.78314208984375,\n 36.54053616262899\n ],\n [\n -111.61560058593749,\n 36.767492156196745\n ],\n [\n -111.44256591796875,\n 36.923547681089296\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodrill, Michael J. 0000-0002-7038-7170","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-7170","contributorId":206439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodrill","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore 0000-0003-3477-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-3629","contributorId":221741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yard, Michael D. 0000-0002-6580-6027 myard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-6027","contributorId":169281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yard","given":"Michael","email":"myard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Josh Korman","contributorId":261146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Josh Korman","affiliations":[{"id":52750,"text":"Ecometric Research, Inc., 3560 West 22nd Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V6S 1J3, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228324,"text":"70228324 - 2021 - Refining sampling protocols for cavefishes and cave crayfishes to account for environmental variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T17:53:49.063139","indexId":"70228324","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-21T11:43:34","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10105,"text":"Subterranean Biology","onlineIssn":"1314-2615","printIssn":"1768-1448","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Refining sampling protocols for cavefishes and cave crayfishes to account for environmental variation","docAbstract":"Subterranean habitats support a diverse array of organisms and represent imperative habitats in many conservation strategies; however, subterranean habitats are one of the most difficult environments to study. Accounting for variable sampling detection is necessary to properly evaluate conservation options for rare species such as karst and other groundwater organisms. New sampling methods, such as environmental DNA, show promise to improve stygobiont detection; however, sources of sampling bias are poorly understood. Therefore, our objective was to determine factors affecting detection probability of both visual and environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys for cavefishes and cave crayfishes. We sampled 40 sites across the Ozark Highlands ecoregion in Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, USA using visual and eDNA surveys. We used occupancy modeling to estimate the detection probability of the two taxa using both survey methods under varying environmental conditions. Overall, eDNA sampling resulted in higher detection probability for cavefishes when compared to visual surveys, whereas visual surveys typically had higher detection probability for cave crayfishes. Greater water volume at the time of sampling was related to lower detection using visual surveys for both taxa, but there was no relationship between eDNA detection and water volume. Detection probability of both cavefishes and crayfishes was higher using visual surveys when sampling units were classified by coarse rather than fine substrate, whereas detection of cave crayfishes surveyed using eDNA was higher in coarse substrate environments. Detection of cavefishes and cave crayfishes was higher via eDNA sampling when water was flowing, but similar sampling conditions resulted in lower detection using visual surveys. Our results indicate detection should be considered when sampling stygobionts even if using traditional visual surveys. Environmental DNA is a useful tool; however, the limitations we identified indicate eDNA for these taxa currently are not adequate to replace traditional surveys in subterranean environments.","language":"English","publisher":"International Society for Subterranean Biology","doi":"10.3897/subtbiol.39.64279","usgsCitation":"Mouser, J., Brewer, S.K., Niemiller, M., Mollenhauer, M., and Bussche, V.D., 2021, Refining sampling protocols for cavefishes and cave crayfishes to account for environmental variation: Subterranean Biology, v. 39, p. 79-105, https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.39.64279.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"105","ipdsId":"IP-110361","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.39.64279","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Ozark Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.80078125,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -92.98828125,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -92.98828125,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -95.80078125,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -95.80078125,\n 35.88905007936091\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mouser, J.B.","contributorId":244447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mouser","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niemiller, M.L.","contributorId":244448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niemiller","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[{"id":37195,"text":"The University of Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mollenhauer, M.","contributorId":244449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mollenhauer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bussche, Van Den","contributorId":244450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bussche","given":"Van","email":"","middleInitial":"Den","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70221696,"text":"70221696 - 2021 - Climate impacts on source contributions and evaporation to flow in the Snake River Basin using surface water isoscapes (δ2H and δ18O)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T16:30:43.499524","indexId":"70221696","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-21T09:50:16","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Climate impacts on source contributions and evaporation to flow in the Snake River Basin using surface water isoscapes (δ2H and δ18O)","title":"Climate impacts on source contributions and evaporation to flow in the Snake River Basin using surface water isoscapes (δ2H and δ18O)","docAbstract":"Rising global temperatures are expected to decrease the precipitation amount that falls as snow, causing greater risk of water scarcity, groundwater overdraft, and fire in areas that rely on mountain snowpack for their water supply. Streamflow in large river basins varies with the amount, timing, and type of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and drainage properties of watersheds; however, these controls vary in time and space making it difficult to identify the areas contributing most to flow and when. In this study, we separate the evaporative influences from source values of water isotopes from the Snake River Basin in the western United States (US) to relate source area to flow dynamics. We developed isoscapes (δ2H and δ18O) for the basin and found that isotopic composition of surface water in small watersheds is primarily controlled by longitude, latitude, and elevation. To examine temporal variability in source contributions to flow, we present a six-year record of Snake River water isotopes from King Hill, Idaho after removing evaporative influences. During periods of low flow, source water values were isotopically lighter indicating a larger contribution to flow from surface waters in the highest elevation, eastern portion of the basin. River evaporation increases were evident during summer likely reflecting climate, changing water availability, and management strategies within the basin. Our findings present a potential tool for identifying critical portions of basins contributing to river flow as climate fluctuations alter flow dynamics. This tool can be applied in other continental-interior basins where evaporation may obscure source water isotopic signatures.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020WR029157","usgsCitation":"Windler, G., Brooks, J.R., Johnson, H.M., Comeleo, R., Coulombe, R., and Bowen, G.J., 2021, Climate impacts on source contributions and evaporation to flow in the Snake River Basin using surface water isoscapes (δ2H and δ18O): Water Resources Research, v. 57, no. 7, e2020WR029157, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR029157.","productDescription":"e2020WR029157, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122721","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8328002","text":"External Repository"},{"id":386865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Snake River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.73999023437499,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -109.742431640625,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -109.742431640625,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -119.73999023437499,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -119.73999023437499,\n 42.16340342422401\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Windler, Grace","contributorId":260666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Windler","given":"Grace","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52636,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, J. Renee","contributorId":176587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Renee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Henry M. 0000-0002-7571-4994 hjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Henry","email":"hjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Comeleo, Randy","contributorId":217974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comeleo","given":"Randy","affiliations":[{"id":13529,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coulombe, Rob","contributorId":260667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coulombe","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52638,"text":"Pacific Ecological Systems Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowen, Gabriel J.","contributorId":138889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"Gabriel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12566,"text":"Department of Geology and Geophysics, Unviersity of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70221489,"text":"cir1479 - 2021 - The North American Breeding Bird Survey in Mexico, 2008 to 2018—A status report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-21T17:42:27.497155","indexId":"cir1479","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-21T08:55:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1479","displayTitle":"The North American Breeding Bird Survey in Mexico, 2008 to 2018—A Status Report","title":"The North American Breeding Bird Survey in Mexico, 2008 to 2018—A status report","docAbstract":"Collection of avian population data has repeatedly been identified as a high priority for bird conservation in Mexico. To meet this need, in 2008 the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), a volunteer-based survey, was expanded to include northern Mexico. The BBS in Mexico (Mexican BBS) is managed by the North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI), Mexico’s National Coordination Office inside the Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO).
During 2008–18, 252 surveys were conducted along 68 routes in Mexico, with geographic coverage varying from year to year. Of these 68 routes, 36 were surveyed three or more times. Thirty-one observers conducted the surveys, and 21 of these observers conducted two or more surveys. Just two observers conducted more than one-third of the 252 surveys, and both observers were paid to conduct the surveys. The low availability of local observers who are qualified, willing, and able to volunteer their services to conduct BBS surveys may prove to be the biggest obstacle to the success of the Mexican BBS program, especially in the context of Mexico’s ongoing safety and security concerns.
Apart from the amount of data collected, many surveys did not adhere to pre-established quality-control requirements, and this would result in the exclusion of a large percentage of the data from potential trend analyses. Only 31 percent of the surveys met all the quality-control criteria. Additional observer training may help resolve this issue. Of greater concern is the selection of region-specific sampling date windows during which the surveys are conducted. Observers consistently conducted surveys outside the preliminarily prescribed sampling date window, reflecting the need to re-evaluate the regional appropriateness of this date window.
Regardless of the quality of the data, the quantity of data available from 2008 to 2018 is insufficient for trend analysis using methods typically employed by U.S. Geological Survey BBS analysts. Reaching minimum sample size thresholds for statistical analysis will require a substantial increase in effort. During 2008–18, no strata (defined as the intersection of State and Bird Conservation Region boundaries) reached the suggested minimum of 14 sampled routes, and most routes were not run consistently.
This report provides information needed for an evaluation of the merits of continuing to invest in the Mexican BBS program in its current form. Such an evaluation should consider the likelihood of achieving the primary project goal of producing reliable long-term population trend estimates, a projected timeline for meeting this goal, and include an assessment of the potential value of any additional data products.
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U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Road
Laurel, MD
Altered flow regimes can contribute to dissociation between life history strategies and environmental conditions, leading to reduced persistence reported for many wildlife populations inhabiting regulated rivers. The Oregon spotted frog (Rana pretiosa) is a threatened species occurring in floodplains, ponds, and wetlands in the Pacific Northwest with a core range in Oregon, USA. All life stages of R. pretiosa are reliant on aquatic habitats, and inundation patterns across the phenological timeline can have implications for population success. We conducted capture–mark–recapture (CMR) sampling of adult and subadult R. pretiosa at three sites along the Deschutes River downstream from two dams that regulate flows. We related the seasonal extent of inundated habitat at each site to monthly survival probabilities using a robust design CMR model. We also developed matrix projection models to simulate population dynamics into the future under current river flows. Monthly survival was strongly associated with the extent and variability of inundated habitat, suggesting some within-season fluctuations at higher water levels could be beneficial. Seasonal survival was lowest in the winter for all three sites, owing to limited water availability and the greater number of months within this season relative to other seasons. Population growth for the two river-connected sites was most strongly linked to adult survival, whereas population growth at the river-disconnected site was most strongly tied to survival in juvenile stages. This research identifies population effects of seasonally limited water and highlights conservation potential of enhancing survival of particularly influential life stages.
Plants naturally carry microbes on seeds and within seeds that may facilitate development and early survival of seedlings. Some crops have lost seed-vectored microbes in the process of domestication or during seed storage and seed treatment. Biostimulant microbes from wild plants were used by pre-modern cultures to re-acquire beneficial seed microbes. Today some companies have developed or are developing the use of microbes obtained from soils or plant sources to stimulate plant development and growth. Many of these biostimulant microbes are endophytic in plants. Biostimulant products also include humic substances, which appear to function as signal molecules in plants, triggering increased internalization of soil microbes into root cells and tissues. In addition, protein coatings on seeds fuel the growth of seed surface-vectored microbes, increasing microbial activity around and within roots. In this article, we provide evidence of the endophytic nature of many biostimulant microbes, and suggest that many of the beneficial effects of microbial biostimulants stem from their action as endophytes or as participants or stimulants of rhizophagy cycle activity.
Western North American sagebrush shrublands and steppe face accelerating risks from fire-driven feedback loops that transition these ecosystems into self-reinforcing states dominated by invasive annual grasses. In response, sagebrush conservation decision-making is increasingly done through the lens of resilience to fire and annual grass invasion resistance. Operationalizing resilience and resistance concepts requires place-based understanding of resilience and resistance variation among landscapes over time. Place-based insights allow for landscape prioritization in targeted areas of significance such as protected-area sagebrush ecosystems that exhibit inherently low resilience and are therefore at high risk of loss. We used a multi-scale approach to evaluate sagebrush resiliency and strategic planning across 1) the US National Park system, 2) a regional suite of five parks, and 3) for two specific park case studies. First, we summarized broad patterns of relative resilience to fire and resistance to annual grass invasion across all parks with sagebrush ecosystems. We found that national parks represented ~11% of US protected-area sagebrush ecosystems and reflected a similar low-resilience bias that occurs across the biome, broadly. Climate change is likely to shift both low- and high-resilience park sagebrush ecosystems towards moderate resiliency, creating new opportunities and constraints for park conservation. Approximately seventy park units include at least some sagebrush shrublands or steppe, but we identified 40 parks with substantial amounts (>20% of park area) that can be included in an agency-wide conservation strategy. Second, we examined detailed patterns of resilience and resistance, fire history and fire risk, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) invasion, and sagebrush shrub (Artemisia spp.) persistence in five national park units in Columbia Basin and Snake River Plain sagebrush steppe, contextualized by the broader summary. In these five parks, fire frequency and size increased in recent decades. Cheatgrass invasion and sagebrush persistence correlated strongly with resilience, burn frequency (0–3 fires since ~1940), and burn probability, but with important variation, in part mediated by local-scale topography. Third, we used these insights to assemble strategic sagebrush ecosystem fire protection mapping scenarios in two additional parks – Lava Beds National Monument and Great Basin National Park. Readily available and periodically updated geospatial data including soil surveys, fire histories, vegetation inventories, and long-term monitoring support resiliency-based adaptive management through tactical planning of pre-fire protection, post-fire restoration, and triage. Our assessment establishes the precarious importance of the US national park system to sagebrush ecosystem conservation and an operational strategy for place-based and science-supported conservation.
Crustal fragments underlain by high-grade rocks represent a challenge to plate reconstructions, and integrated mapping, geochronology, and geochemistry enable the unravelling of the temporal and spatial history of exotic crustal blocks. The Quinebaug-Marlboro belt (QMB) is an enigmatic fragment on the trailing edge of the peri-Gondwanan Ganderian margin of southeastern New England. SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry indicate the presence of Ediacaran to Cambrian metamorphosed volcanic and intrusive rocks dated for the first time between ca. 540–500 Ma. The entire belt may preserve a cryptic, internal stratigraphy that is truncated by subsequent faulting. Detrital zircons from metapelite in the overlying Nashoba and Tatnic Hill Formations indicate deposition between ca. 485–435 Ma, with provenance from the underlying QMB or Ganderian crust. The Preston Gabbro (418 ± 3 Ma) provides a minimum age for the QMB. Mafic rocks are tholeiitic with trace elements that resemble arc and E-MORB sources, and samples with negative Nb-Ta anomalies are similar to arc-like rocks, but others show no negative Nb-Ta anomaly and are similar to rocks from E-MORB to OIB or backarc settings. Geochemistry points to a mixture of sources that include both mantle and continental crust. Metamorphic zircon, monazite, and titanite ages range from 400 to 305 Ma and intrusion of granitoids and migmatization occurred between 410 and 325 Ma. Age and chemistry support correlations with the Ellsworth terrane in Maine and the Penobscot arc and backarc system in Maritime Canada. The arc-rifting zone where the Mariana arc and the Mariana backarc basin converge is a possible modern analog.
Imperfect detection is an important problem when counting wildlife, but new technologies such as unmanned aerial systems (UAS) can help overcome this obstacle. We used data collected by a UAS and a Bayesian closed capture-mark-recapture model to estimate abundance and distribution while accounting for imperfect detection of aggregated Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) at thermal refuges to assess use of current and new warmwater sources in winter. Our UAS hovered for 10 min and recorded 4 K video over sites in Collier County, FL. Open-source software was used to create recapture histories for 10- and 6-min time periods. Mean estimates of probability of detection for 1-min intervals at each canal varied by survey and ranged between 0.05 and 0.92. Overall, detection probability for sites varied between 0.62 and 1.00 across surveys and length of video (6 and 10 min). Abundance varied by survey and location, and estimates indicated that distribution changed over time, with use of the novel source of warmwater increasing over time. The highest cumulative estimate occurred in the coldest winter, 2018 (N = 158, CI 141–190). Methods here reduced survey costs, increased safety and obtained rigorous abundance estimates at aggregation sites previously too difficult to monitor.
Peatlands within the northern permafrost region cover approximately 2 million km2 and are characterized by organic soils that can be several meters thick, and a fine-scale mosaic of permafrost and non-permafrost landforms interspersed by shallow ponds and lakes. Ongoing permafrost thaw is transforming these peatlands, causing abrupt changes to their morphology, hydrology, ecology, and biogeochemistry. In this review we show how changes to individual peatlands depend on both their Holocene developmental history and their location within current permafrost zones. Permafrost thaw in peatlands often leads to land surface collapse between 0.5 and 5 m, the so-called thermokarst. Thermokarst in peatlands can lead to the development of ice-wedge troughs, waterlogged thermokarst bogs and fens, and the initiation, expansion, and drainage of thermokarst lakes. Permafrost thaw in peatlands can thus completely alter vegetation composition and shift patterns of landscape inundation and hydrological connectivity. These changes in turn have implications for magnitude and timing of runoff, downstream water quality, habitat suitability for birds and larger mammals, traditional land-use, and the exchange of greenhouse gases with the atmosphere. Ongoing permafrost thaw is largely irreversible at relevant human time-scales, and peatland thermokarst has been accelerating over the last few decades. Complete permafrost loss is expected this century for peatlands in relatively warmer permafrost zones, and all peatlands in the northern permafrost region will be profoundly transformed by permafrost thaw.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem collapse and climate change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-71330-0_3","usgsCitation":"Olefeldt, D., Hefferman, L., Jones, M.C., Sannel, A.B., Treat, C.C., and Turetsky, M.R., 2021, Permafrost thaw in northern peatlands: Rapid changes in ecosystem and landscape functions, chap. of Ecosystem collapse and climate change, p. 27-67, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71330-0_3.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"67","ipdsId":"IP-112928","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olefeldt, David","contributorId":169408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olefeldt","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":32365,"text":"Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hefferman, Liam","contributorId":260626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hefferman","given":"Liam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":257239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sannel, A. Britta","contributorId":260622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sannel","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Britta","affiliations":[{"id":24562,"text":"Stockholm University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Treat, Claire C.","contributorId":150798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treat","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Turetsky, Merritt R.","contributorId":169398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turetsky","given":"Merritt","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70259578,"text":"70259578 - 2021 - Magnetic surveys with unmanned aerial systems: Software for assessing and comparing the accuracy of different sensor systems, suspension designs and compensation methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-15T11:12:04.418475","indexId":"70259578","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-20T06:09:49","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9358,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (G-Cubed)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic surveys with unmanned aerial systems: Software for assessing and comparing the accuracy of different sensor systems, suspension designs and compensation methods","docAbstract":"A typical problem for magnetic surveys with small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) is the heading error caused by undesired magnetic signals that originate from the aircraft. This can be addressed by suspending the magnetometers on sufficiently long tethers. However, tethered payloads require skilled pilots and are difficult to fly safely. Alternatively, the magnetometer can be fixed on the aircraft. In this case, aircraft magnetic signals are removed from the recordings with a process referred to as magnetic compensation, which requires parameters estimated from calibration flights flown in an area with magnetically low-gradients prior to the survey. We present open-source software fully written in Python to process data and compute compensations for two fundamentally different magnetometer systems (scalar and vector). We used the software to compare the precision of two commercially available systems by flying dense grid patterns over a 135 × 150 m area using different suspension configurations. The accuracy of the magnetic recordings is assessed using both standard deviations of the calibration pattern and tie-line cross-over differences from the survey. After compensation, the vector magnetometer provides the lowest heading error. However, the magnetic field intensity recovered with this system is relative and needs to be adjusted with absolute data if absolute intensity values are needed. Overall, the highest accuracy of all suspension configurations tested was obtained by fixing the magnetometer 0.5 m below the sUAS onto a self-built carbon-fiber frame, which also offered greater stability and allowed fully autonomous flights in a wide range of conditions.
We outline the multiple, cross-scale, and complex consequences of terrestrial and marine ecosystem heatwaves in two regions on opposite sides of the planet: the southwestern USA and southwestern Australia, both encompassing Global Biodiversity Hotspots, and where ecosystem collapses or features of it have occurred in the past two decades. We highlight ecosystem shifts that have clearly demonstrated a substantial change from a baseline state over time, although not necessarily across their entire distribution, with evidence of collapse at local scales. Responses to temperature extremes, such as heatwaves, encompass processes at all scales, including population level (e.g. altered demography such as survival, recruitment, and fecundity, together resulting in structural changes), community level (e.g. species compositional shifts), and ecosystem level (e.g. carbon loss), as well as physical properties altered by vegetation loss (e.g. microclimate, fire behaviour on land). These changes impact all trophic levels with foundational species losses (such as seagrasses, kelp, and trees), flowing through to vertebrates (such as sea turtles, penguins, and cockatoos). Where extensive collapse has occurred, shifts in microclimate could affect important biosphere-to-atmosphere feedbacks including fluxes of energy, carbon, and water. Such extensive changes usually do not occur in isolation and frequently interact with other disturbance processes such as fire, storms, pathogen and pest outbreaks, and anthropogenic stressors. Interactions may alter the likelihood, extent, or severity of subsequent disturbances (linked disturbances) as well as condition the ecological response and recovery (compound disturbances). In addition, if ecosystem collapse is extensive enough (e.g. tree die-off), those changes also can impact climate and ecosystems elsewhere via ecoclimate teleconnections. Increasing rates of climatic extremes will drive a host of direct and indirect feedbacks certain to produce large-scale shifts in ecological functioning at unprecedented rates. Understanding how, why, and where these shifts will occur will be critical for effective ecosystem management and climate change mitigation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem collapse and climate change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Ruthrof, K.X., Fontaine, J.B., Breshears, D.D., Field, J.P., and Allen, C.D., 2021, Extreme events trigger terrestrial and marine ecosystem collapses: A tale of two regions, chap. 8 of Ecosystem collapse and climate change, p. 187-217.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"217","ipdsId":"IP-114954","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruthrof, Katinka X.","contributorId":203622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruthrof","given":"Katinka","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fontaine, Joseph B.","contributorId":168610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breshears, David D.","contributorId":51620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breshears","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, Jason P.","contributorId":216389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Field","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":39400,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70229473,"text":"70229473 - 2021 - Interacting effects of density-dependent and density-independent factors on growth rates in southwestern Cutthroat Trout populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-09T15:30:08.340523","indexId":"70229473","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-19T09:26:56","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interacting effects of density-dependent and density-independent factors on growth rates in southwestern Cutthroat Trout populations","docAbstract":"Density-dependent (DD) and density-independent (DI) effects play an important role in shaping fish growth rates, an attribute that correlates with many life history traits in fishes. Consequently, understanding the extent to which DD and DI effects influence growth rates is valuable for fisheries assessments because it can inform managers about how populations may respond as environmental conditions continue to change (e.g., threats from climate change). We used a Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis (RGCT) capture–mark–recapture data set collected over 2 years along a temperature and density gradient in northern New Mexico streams to test the extent to which DD and DI effects interact to influence specific growth rates. We found that temperature (DI) and density (DD) interacted with RGCT life stage (i.e., immature or mature) to affect growth rates. We only detected evidence of a negative DD effect on RGCT growth for the immature fraction of a population when exposed to the warmest stream temperatures. Our results suggest that competition most strongly affected the immature portion of RGCT populations, and this effect was only detectable when temperatures were warmest and energetic stress was likely at its highest. The quadratic relationship between temperature and growth rates also demonstrated that stream temperatures were below as well as above optimal growth temperatures for RGCT. Growth rates in our RGCT populations were influenced by complex interactions of DD and DI effects, and our results suggest that the negative consequences of warming trends associated with climate change on RGCT populations may be exacerbated by DD effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10319","usgsCitation":"Huntsman, B., Lynch, A., and Caldwell, C.A., 2021, Interacting effects of density-dependent and density-independent factors on growth rates in southwestern Cutthroat Trout populations: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 150, no. 5, p. 651-664, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10319.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"651","endPage":"664","ipdsId":"IP-125845","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.3861083984375,\n 35.55904339525896\n ],\n [\n -104.2437744140625,\n 35.55904339525896\n ],\n [\n -104.2437744140625,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -106.3861083984375,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -106.3861083984375,\n 35.55904339525896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"150","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntsman, Brock M.","contributorId":288215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huntsman","given":"Brock M.","affiliations":[{"id":27575,"text":"NMSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lynch, Abigail 0000-0001-8449-8392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-8392","contributorId":216203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Abigail","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, Colleen A. 0000-0002-4730-4867 ccaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4730-4867","contributorId":3050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Colleen","email":"ccaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221546,"text":"70221546 - 2021 - Comparison of historical water temperature measurements with landsat analysis ready data provisional surface temperature estimates for the Yukon River in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-23T12:24:25.466012","indexId":"70221546","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-19T07:08:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of historical water temperature measurements with landsat analysis ready data provisional surface temperature estimates for the Yukon River in Alaska","docAbstract":"Water temperature is a key element of freshwater ecological systems and a critical element within natural resource monitoring programs. In the absence of in situ measurements, remote sensing platforms can indirectly measure water temperature over time and space. The Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center has processed archived Landsat imagery into analysis ready data (ARD), including Level-2 Provisional Surface Temperature (pST) estimates derived from the Landsat 4–5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS). We compared in situ measurements of water temperature within the Yukon River in Alaska with 52 instances of pST estimates between June 2014 and September 2020. Agreement was good with an RMSE of 2.25 °C and only a slight negative bias in the estimated mean daily water temperature of −0.47 °C. For the 52 dates compared, the average daily water temperature measured by the USGS streamgage was 11.3 °C with a standard deviation of 5.7 °C. The average daily pST estimate was 10.8 °C with a standard deviation of 6.1 °C. At least in the case of large unstratified rivers in Alaska, ARD pST can be used to infer water temperature in the absence of or in tandem with ground-based water temperature monitoring campaigns.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs13122394","usgsCitation":"Baughman, C., and Conaway, J., 2021, Comparison of historical water temperature measurements with landsat analysis ready data provisional surface temperature estimates for the Yukon River in Alaska: Remote Sensing, v. 13, no. 12, 2394, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13122394.","productDescription":"2394, 45 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127623","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451818,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13122394","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MCNPGK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Historical Landsat-Derived Water Surface Temperature for Three Large Alaska Rivers 1984-2022"},{"id":386643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164.53125,\n 61.48075950007598\n ],\n [\n -158.81835937499997,\n 61.48075950007598\n ],\n [\n -158.81835937499997,\n 63.35212928507874\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 63.35212928507874\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 61.48075950007598\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baughman, Carson 0000-0002-9423-9324 cbaughman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9324","contributorId":169657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baughman","given":"Carson","email":"cbaughman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conaway, Jeff 0000-0002-3036-592X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-592X","contributorId":214226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}