This is the seventh in a series of comprehensive reports on population ecology of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) in North America. Banding records for 1961-1975 were used, together with information from previous reports in this series, to estimate annual and average preseason age and sex structure of the mallard population and patterns of harvest distribution and derivation. Age ratios in the pre-season population averaged 0.98 immatures per adult and ranged from 0.75 to 1.44. The adult male per female ration averaged 1.42. The young male per female ratio average 1.01. Geographic and annual differences in recovery distributions were associated with age, sex, and years after banding. Such variation might indicate that survival or band recovery rates, or both, change as a function of number of years after banding, and that estimates of these rates might thus be affected. Distribution of the mallard harvest from 16 major breeding ground reference areas to States, Provinces, and flyways is tabulated and illustrated. Seasonal (weekly) breeding ground derivation of the harvest within States and Provinces from the 16 reference areas also is tabulated. Harvest distributions, derivation, and similarity of derivation between harvest areas are summarily illustrated with maps. Derivation of harvest appears to be consistent throughout the hunting season in the middle and south central United States, encompassing States in both the Central and Mississippi flyways. However, weekly derivation patterns for most northern States suggest that early dates of hunting result in relatively greater harvest of locally derived mallard, in contrast to birds from more northern breeding areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Munro, R.E., and Kimball, C.F., 1982, Population ecology of the mallard: VII. Distribution and derivation of the harvest: Resource Publication 147, 127 p.","productDescription":"127 p.","numberOfPages":"133","temporalStart":"1961-01-01","temporalEnd":"1975-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5230180/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683eec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munro, Robert E.","contributorId":29316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munro","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, Charles F.","contributorId":23447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230183,"text":"5230183 - 1982 - Potential Impacts of Winter Navigation on Migratory Birds of the Upper U.S. Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5230183","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/51","title":"Potential Impacts of Winter Navigation on Migratory Birds of the Upper U.S. Great Lakes","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Davis, T., and Erwin, R., 1982, Potential Impacts of Winter Navigation on Migratory Birds of the Upper U.S. Great Lakes: FWS/OBS 82/51, 372.","productDescription":"372","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683929","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, T.E.","contributorId":45040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210291,"text":"5210291 - 1982 - A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada - A summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T15:05:28","indexId":"5210291","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:23:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesNumber":"FWS/AK/PROC-82","title":"A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada - A summary","docAbstract":"A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada was held on February 20, 1981, in Anchorage, Alaska. It was attended by about 50 biologists. The following twofold prime objective was established: (1) To prevent any raptor species from becoming extirpated in any significant part of its present range; and (2) to establish or maintain population levels consistent with the carrying capacity of available habitat. Collateral objectives, specific priorities, potential threats, and research and management needs were discussed, and the ideas that were expressed were listed. Although a draft raptor program was not developed during the workshop, the information and opinions presented by the participants will form a strong foundation and set a correct course for its subsequent formation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of a symposium and workshop: Raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Raptor Management and Biology in Alaska and Western Canada","conferenceDate":"February 17-20, 1981","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Schempf, P.F., and Fuller, M.R., 1982, A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada - A summary, in Proceedings of a symposium and workshop: Raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada, Anchorage, AK, February 17-20, 1981, p. 305-314.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"314","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ce9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ladd, Wilbur N.","contributorId":112170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ladd","given":"Wilbur","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506239,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schempf, Philip F.","contributorId":36795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506238,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Schempf, Philip F.","contributorId":36795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":328144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210649,"text":"5210649 - 1982 - Methods to evaluate habitat use by raptors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210649","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:23:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"seriesNumber":"FWS/AK/PROC-82","title":"Methods to evaluate habitat use by raptors","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of a Symposium and Workshop: Raptor Management and Biology in Alaska and Western Canada","conferenceTitle":"Raptor Management and Biology in Alaska and Western Canada","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M., Noon, B., and Mosher, J.A., 1982, Methods to evaluate habitat use by raptors, viii, 335.","productDescription":"viii, 335","startPage":"303","endPage":"304(abs)","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62d118","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ladd, Wilbur N.","contributorId":112170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ladd","given":"Wilbur","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506855,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schempf, P.F.","contributorId":99261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"P.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506854,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noon, B.R.","contributorId":24311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noon","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mosher, J. A.","contributorId":34605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5200135,"text":"5200135 - 1982 - The peregrine falcon in Arizona: Habitat utilization and management recommendations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:25","indexId":"5200135","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":182,"text":"Institute for Raptor Studies Research Reports","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"1.","title":"The peregrine falcon in Arizona: Habitat utilization and management recommendations","docAbstract":"The peregrine falcon once bred in significant numbers in Arizona. Good documentation is available for specific breeding sites and an additional 20 general locations. This report, based on the published literature, an extensive personal contact survey, an aerial habitat inventory (over 124 hours air time), and ground visits to over 300 locations, provides information on habitat preferences and management practices which can contribute to the bird's survival. In seeking to identify the habitat preferences of the falcon, many site description factors were examined. Those traits which appeared common to most recent Arizona sites (and therefore most useful in evaluating habitat) were: elevation less than 9,000 feet, cliffs tall or very tall, cliffs extensive, topographic relief high, and surface water readily available. All recent sites are in extensive canyon systems or in extensive mountain ranges. Using a habitat evaluation key derived from the traits common to known breeding sites, all cliff regions in Arizona and the Navajo Indian Reservation were flown and evaluated for suitability. Nineteen falcon eyries located in subsequent ground visits were all in areas previously ranked acceptable or better. Many management alternatives are discussed: management of information on breeding sites, habitat preservation, controlling disruptive human activities, and enhancing productivity through the creation of suitable breeding ledges, providing pesticide free prey, or direct reintroductions. Given their privacy (and an increasingly pesticide free environment) the peregrine falcon will likely exist indefinitely in suitable areas across Arizona.","language":"English","publisherLocation":"Oracle, Arizona","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., 1982, The peregrine falcon in Arizona: Habitat utilization and management recommendations: Institute for Raptor Studies Research Reports 1., 24.","productDescription":"24","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202871,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db64854e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5211394,"text":"5211394 - 1982 - Assessment of some important factors affecting the singing-ground survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:22","indexId":"5211394","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":99,"text":"Wildlife Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Assessment of some important factors affecting the singing-ground survey","docAbstract":"A brief history of the procedures used to analyze singing-ground survey data is outlined. Some weaknesses associated with the analytical procedures are discussed, and preliminary results of efforts to improve the procedures are presented. The most significant finding to date is that counts made by new observers need not be omitted when calculating an index of the woodcock population. Also, the distribution of woodcock heard singing, with respect to time after sunset, affirms the appropriateness of recommended starting times for counting woodcock. Woodcock count data fit the negative binomial probability distribution.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Woodcock ecology and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Tautin, J., 1982, Assessment of some important factors affecting the singing-ground survey: Wildlife Research Report, v, 191.","productDescription":"v, 191","startPage":"6","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671e31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tautin, J.","contributorId":95168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tautin","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5210963,"text":"5210963 - 1982 - Use of a mammalian resource by a Chihuahuan snake community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:23","indexId":"5210963","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":99,"text":"Wildlife Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"13","title":"Use of a mammalian resource by a Chihuahuan snake community","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Communities: a symposium of the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles and the Herpetologists' League, August 1977","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, R., and Scott, N., 1982, Use of a mammalian resource by a Chihuahuan snake community: Wildlife Research Report 13, iv, 239 p.","productDescription":"iv, 239 p","startPage":"99","endPage":"118","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":94284,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015012634674?urlappend=%3Bseq=109"},{"id":202516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db605136","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Scott, Norman J. Jr.","contributorId":112614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Norman","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507401,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, R.P.","contributorId":104439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, N.J. 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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the wildlife-livestock relationships symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Wildlife-Livestock Relationships Symposium","conferenceDate":"Apr 20-22, 1981","conferenceLocation":"Coeur d'Alene, ID","language":"English","publisher":"Forest, Wildlife, and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho","usgsCitation":"McEwen, L.C., 1982, Review of grasshopper pesticides vs rangeland wildlife and habitat, in Proceedings of the wildlife-livestock relationships symposium, Coeur d'Alene, ID, Apr 20-22, 1981, p. 362-383.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"362","endPage":"383","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 49.15296965617042\n ],\n [\n -117.1142578125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -117.0703125,\n 46.28622391806706\n ],\n [\n -116.3232421875,\n 45.49094569262732\n ],\n [\n -117.1142578125,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -117.24609374999999,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -111.22558593749999,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -110.9619140625,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 40.97989806962013\n ],\n [\n -109.0283203125,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -114.169921875,\n 34.415973384481866\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 33.100745405144245\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 31.316101383495624\n ],\n [\n -108.3251953125,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -108.19335937499999,\n 31.840232667909365\n ],\n [\n -106.74316406249999,\n 31.690781806136822\n ],\n [\n -106.5234375,\n 31.87755764334002\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -103.0078125,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -101.953125,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -102.12890625,\n 40.111688665595956\n ],\n [\n -95.361328125,\n 40.04443758460856\n ],\n [\n -96.5478515625,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -103.974609375,\n 45.920587344733654\n ],\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 45.85941212790755\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db60402e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Peek, James M.","contributorId":112338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peek","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506246,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalke, P.D.","contributorId":112761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalke","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506247,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"McEwen, L. 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A similar technique would be desirable for use with cranes conditioned for release to the native habitat. However, immature sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) did not appear to replace their primaries annually; therefore, we studied their flight feather molt (from 4 months to 3.5 years of age) and attempted to influence molting. Under natural conditions tail feathers (rectrices) were replaced annually and all secondaries replaced in 2.5-year-old birds. However, replacement of primaries in immature sandhill cranes appears to be a gradual process beginning the 2nd year; about 33% of the original primaries (present at 10 months of age) persisted in the 3.5-year-oId birds. Pulling out the primaries of immature sandhill cranes induces the growth of new primaries, as is true of many other birds. However, the new primaries were incapable of supporting flight, fell out repeatedly, and those that remained were often deformed. Pulling the primaries, under the influence of tranquilizers and anesthetics to relax the feather papillae, also did not induce normal growth of the replacement primaries. Progesterone (including excessively high doses), thyroxine, and follicle stimulating hormone, although effective in inducing feather replacement in domestic poultry, had no effect on crane molt.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1981 Crane Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Audubon Society","publisherLocation":"Tavernier, Florida","usgsCitation":"Gee, G., 1982, Hormonal treatment and flight feather molt in immature Sandhill Cranes, chap. of Proceedings of the 1981 Crane Workshop, p. 237-243.","productDescription":"viii, 296","startPage":"237","endPage":"243","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68812b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lewis, J. C.","contributorId":10057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506219,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5210289,"text":"5210289 - 1982 - Woodcock response to habitat management in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5210289","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":74,"text":"Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"14","title":"Woodcock response to habitat management in Maine","docAbstract":"A study was initiated in 1975 at the Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge to develop habitat management techniques for woodcock (Philohela minor) that could be used by small landowners as well as in commercial forestry operations. Use of selected diurnal covers by adult female and juvenile woodcock increased after strips were clearcut through these covers. Woodcock use of clearcut strips for feeding was equivalent to that in adjacent uncut areas after only 6 years of growth. Small clearings created by firewood cutters in a 1,200-ha hardwood stand increased singing male activity, but commercial forest operations were necessary to increase singing-male use in relation to the rest of the refuge. The age structure of courting males on new clearings favored second-year males (65%), but older males (55 %) were more common on established singing grounds. Spring burning of commercial-quality blueberry fields increased roosting activity during the summer of the burn. Roosting woodcock also preferred clearcuts adjacent to active summer fields in which the slash had not been treated. Management recommendations are also given.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Woodcock ecology and management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Sepik, G., and Dwyer, T., 1982, Woodcock response to habitat management in Maine: Research Report 14, v, 191.","productDescription":"v, 191","startPage":"106","endPage":"113","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d0e4b07f02db546550","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepik, G.F.","contributorId":101348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepik","given":"G.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwyer, T.J.","contributorId":56177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210369,"text":"5210369 - 1982 - Regional population inferences for the American woodcock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5210369","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"14","title":"Regional population inferences for the American woodcock","docAbstract":"Woodcock (Philohela minor) bandings and recoveries from 1967 to 1977 were analyzed from two large banding reference areas corresponding to existing Eastern and Central harvest units. We examined temporal, age-specific, sex-specific, and geographic variation in both survival and recovery rates, using recently developed stochastic models. Survival rate estimates for females were higher than those for males, and higher for adults than for young. There was no significant difference in recovery rates between young and adults. Recovery rates of Eastern unit birds were higher, and overall survival rates were lower than those of Central unit birds. Survival rate estimates were used with crude production rate estimates in a simple modeling effort, and resulting rates of population increase were 1.2 to 1.3 times higher in the Central reference area.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Woodcock Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dwyer, T., and Nichols, J., 1982, Regional population inferences for the American woodcock, chap. of Woodcock Ecology and Management, p. 12-21.","productDescription":"v, 191","startPage":"12","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c499","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dwyer, T.J.","contributorId":56177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210292,"text":"5210292 - 1982 - Bedrock geologic control of sensitivity of aquatic ecosystems in the United States to acidic deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210292","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Bedrock geologic control of sensitivity of aquatic ecosystems in the United States to acidic deposition","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Distribution of Surface Waters Sensitive to Acidic Precipitation: A State-Level Atlas ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Maine","publisherLocation":"Orono","usgsCitation":"Norton, S.A., Akielaszek, J., Haines, T., Stromborg, K., and Longcore, J.R., 1982, Bedrock geologic control of sensitivity of aquatic ecosystems in the United States to acidic deposition, chap. of Distribution of Surface Waters Sensitive to Acidic Precipitation: A State-Level Atlas .","productDescription":"[66 leaves]","startPage":"Unnumbered","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63da26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norton, S. A.","contributorId":32223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akielaszek, J.J.","contributorId":24731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akielaszek","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haines, T.A.","contributorId":83062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stromborg, K. L.","contributorId":34466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromborg","given":"K. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5210303,"text":"5210303 - 1982 - Examination of woodcock nest sites in central Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:13","indexId":"5210303","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":99,"text":"Wildlife Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"14","title":"Examination of woodcock nest sites in central Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Evidence is given to support Iow selectivity in choice of nest sites by woodcock (Philohela minor). Habitat characteristics measured at 30 woodcock nest sites were compared with non-nest control sites in Huntingdon County, central Pennsylvania. Mean nest density per year was 1/4.8 ha within the 54-ha study area. Of 14 characteristics measured, higher shrub-stem density at nests was the only variable significantly different (P < 0.05) from controls by univariate t-test. A multivariate t-test showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) between habitat characteristics at nests and controls. A computed discriminant function also indicated little distinction between nests and controls. Spatial distribution of nests for each of the three years did not depart significantly (P :> 0.05) from a random distribution. Although evidence is given for little overall selectivity, greater shrub-stem density at nests and associations related in part to 'edge' habitat may be important in the location of substantial numbers of woodcock nests. The mean distance from nest site to nearest tree (1.0 ? 1.1 m) and to nearest shrub (22.8 ? 17.8 cm) was significantly less (P < 0.01) than for control areas. Additional research on woodcock nest-site selection may lead to enhanced woodcock production in a variety of habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Woodcock Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Coon, R., Williams, B.K., Lindzey, J., and George, J., 1982, Examination of woodcock nest sites in central Pennsylvania: Wildlife Research Report 14, v, 191.","productDescription":"v, 191","startPage":"55","endPage":"62","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfe16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, R.A.","contributorId":43060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindzey, J.S.","contributorId":31074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindzey","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"George, J.L.","contributorId":64749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5210288,"text":"5210288 - 1982 - Modern pesticides and bobwhite populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-12T11:56:11","indexId":"5210288","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Modern pesticides and bobwhite populations","docAbstract":"Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) are frequently used as test animals for wildlife tests of pesticides. The organophosphate and carbamate pesticides that have replaced the organochlorines have many desirable properties, but they span a wide range of acute toxicities and some of them affe,ct survival, reproduction, food consumption, behavior, and nervous system enzymes in laboratory tests. Applying these laboratory findings to the field requires assumptions about the severity of exposure in the field. Direct field measurements show that birds may be exposed to significant amounts of these pesticides or even more toxic degradation products under some conditions. Adverse population effects may also result from depression of insect populations during the seasons when bobwhites rely on insects for food.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oklahoma State University","publisherLocation":"Stillwater, Oklahoma","usgsCitation":"Stromborg, K., 1982, Modern pesticides and bobwhite populations, p. 69-73.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"73","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699518","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schitoskey, Frank= Jr.","contributorId":111424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schitoskey","given":"Frank=","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506234,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schitoskey, Elizabeth C.","contributorId":111471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schitoskey","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506235,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Talent, Larry G.","contributorId":112219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talent","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506236,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Stromborg, K. L.","contributorId":34466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromborg","given":"K. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5210268,"text":"5210268 - 1982 - Subacute dietary toxicities of dicrotophos and dieldrin in time-replicated trials with young ring-necked pheasants and mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T20:25:13","indexId":"5210268","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"757","title":"Subacute dietary toxicities of dicrotophos and dieldrin in time-replicated trials with young ring-necked pheasants and mallards","docAbstract":"The dietary toxicities of (E)-phosphoric acid 3-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-propenyl dimethyl ester (dicrotophos) and 3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-2,7:3,6-dimethanonaphth[2,3-b]oxirene (dieldrin) to 10-day-old ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) and 5-day-old mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were compared in five time-replicated trials. Toxicities were calculated as median lethal concentrations (LC50s) based on 5 days of ad libitum feeding on geometrically spaced concentrations of toxicant. The LC50s were more uniform for dieldrin than for dicrotophos with both species and more uniform for pheasants than for mallards with both compounds. The LC50s of dieldrin and dicrotophos averaged 59 [standard deviation (SD) = 4.4] and 45 ppm (SD = 5.0) for pheasants, and 156 (SD = 24.9) and 102 ppm (SD = 24.9) for mallards. Changes in LC50s between successive trials, although possibly haphazard, were nearly always in the same direction for both compounds with both species. Feeding rates at various concentrations of equivalent potency gave meaningful insight into the sensitivity and vulnerability of both species to these insecticides. Comparisons of 5 and 10-day-old mallards demonstrated the importance of age differences to interpretation of short-term subacute toxicity data. For example, at 5 days dicrotophos was 1.5 times more toxic than dieldrin, but at 10 days dieldrin was 2.6 times more toxic. These differences are explained.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Testing and Materials","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","doi":"10.1520/STP28376S","usgsCitation":"Hill, E.F., 1982, Subacute dietary toxicities of dicrotophos and dieldrin in time-replicated trials with young ring-necked pheasants and mallards, chap. of Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference, p. 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP28376S.","productDescription":"164","startPage":"105","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"164","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267815,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1520/STP28376S"},{"id":201027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c45","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lamb, D.W.","contributorId":112127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506206,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kenaga, E.E.","contributorId":113958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenaga","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506207,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5200093,"text":"5200093 - 1982 - Mourning Dove Nesting: Seasonal Patterns and Effects of September Hunting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5200093","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Mourning Dove Nesting: Seasonal Patterns and Effects of September Hunting","docAbstract":"A nationwide State/Federal cooperative study was initiated in 1978 to examine effects of September hunting on mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) nesting. This study was designed to (1) determine the proportion of the annual total of dove nesting activity and production that occurs in September and October, and (2) determine if survival rates of mourning dove eggs and nestlings are lower in areas where early September dove hunting is permitted compared to areas where it is prohibited. During 1979 and 1980, 6,950 active nests were followed to obtain data on nesting patterns. Nest initiation was estimated both by backdating from hatch dates and by the numbers of nests found for the first time. The nationwide percent of the annual total of nests that were initiated in September and October was 1.0% based on backdating hatch dates and 2.7% based on nests found for the first time. Nesting activity was measured by numbers of eggs and nestlings present in weekly counts. Nationally, 4.5% of the annual total of nesting activity occurred in September and October. The observed period when 80% of the nests were active, based on hatch dates, lasted from April 22 to September 4. The measure of production used in this study was numbers of young fledged. Nationally, 10.3% of all observed fledging occurred in September and October. A decline in nests found in the latter half of the nesting season preceded the September 1 start of hunting. From this we concluded that the reduction in nesting activity at the end of the season is a natural phenomenon and not caused by hunting disturbance. In a separate part of this study, we estimated survival rates in hunted and nonhunted sections from data on 668 nests. The estimated daily survival rates for individual eggs and nestlings were 95.8% in the nonhunted and 95.0% in the hunted sections; the corresponding fledging rates were 33% and 26%, respectively. The fledging rates are lower because they are the daily survival rates operating over a 26-day nesting period. Neither differences in survival nor fledging rates between nonhunted and hunted sections were found to be statistically significant (p> 0.05). We determined that the statistical test was powerful enough to detect a reduction due to hunting from a hypothetical 96.0% to 94.2% in daily nestling survival rates (from 35% to 21% fledging rates) with 80% probability. An undetected reduction in fledging rate of that magnitude would probably reduce the overall fledging rate by less than 1 percentage point, because only a small proportion of the nesting doves is exposed to hunting for the full 26 day nesting cycle. In conclusion, we found that only a small proportion of total annual nesting attempts was exposed to hunting. There was no statistically significant difference in survival rates in sections where hunting was permitted compared to sections where it was prohibited. We concluded from this study that dove hunting under current regulations has no substantial effect on recruitment of fledglings into the mourning dove population.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Section of Migratory Game Birds","publisherLocation":"Laurel, Maryland","collaboration":"reissued as U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Resource Publication 168, 1987","usgsCitation":"Geissler, P., Dolton, D., Coon, R., Percival, H., Field, R., Hayne, D.W., Soileau, L., George, R., Dunks, J., and Bunnell, S., 1982, Mourning Dove Nesting: Seasonal Patterns and Effects of September Hunting.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d0e4b07f02db54669e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dolton, David D.","contributorId":45803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolton","given":"David D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coon, R.A.","contributorId":43060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Percival, H.F.","contributorId":31716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Field, R.","contributorId":105813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hayne, D. W.","contributorId":31075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayne","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Soileau, L.D.","contributorId":37858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soileau","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"George, R.R.","contributorId":83094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dunks, J.H.","contributorId":35854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunks","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bunnell, S.D.","contributorId":70892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":5200024,"text":"5200024 - 1982 - A.B.A. Checklist: Birds of Continental United States and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5200024","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"A.B.A. Checklist: Birds of Continental United States and Canada","docAbstract":"The 'Summary' in this edition of the A BA Checklist has been greatly expanded to include all properly documented records for each accidental species. These records are published, except for a very few recent ones which are in press or in preparation. Emphasis is on records supported by specimens or photographs, but sight records are also included. To make these accounts more useful to researchers, a reference has been given for each record. All records, except those identified as '(photo)' or '(specimen)', or by some other type of objective evidence, are sight records. Because of the interest shown in this section of the Checklist, coverage has not been confined to accidental species (defined as those which have occurred fewer than ten times in the ABA Checklist area during the twentieth century). Accounts are also given for selected rare visitors and native species. Two of the primary references are abbreviated in the accounts: Audubon Field Notes-AFN, and American Birds-AB.","language":"English","publisher":"American Birding Association","publisherLocation":"Austin Texas","usgsCitation":"Keith, G., Balch, L., Gibson, D., McCaskie, R., Robbins, C., Small, A., Sykes, P., and Tucker, J., 1982, A.B.A. Checklist: Birds of Continental United States and Canada, 90.","productDescription":"90","numberOfPages":"90","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4a20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keith, G.S.","contributorId":40319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balch, L.G.","contributorId":31502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balch","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibson, D.D.","contributorId":104441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCaskie, R.G.","contributorId":103386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaskie","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Small, A.","contributorId":84876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Small","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tucker, J.A.","contributorId":57992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":5200029,"text":"5200029 - 1982 - Ecology of avian brood parasitism at an early interfacing of host and parasite populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5200029","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Ecology of avian brood parasitism at an early interfacing of host and parasite populations","docAbstract":"The shiny cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis), a brood parasite, has recently spread into the Greater Antilles from South America via the Lesser Antilles. This species is a host generalist and upon reaching Puerto Rico exploited avian communities with no history of social parasitism. Forty-two percent of the resident non-raptorial land bird species were parasitized in mangrove habitat study areas. Cowbird parasitism affected hosts by (1) depressing nest success an average of 41 percent below non-parasitized nests, and (2) reducing host productivity. Parasitized hosts produced 12 percent fewer eggs and fledged 67 percent fewer of their own chicks than non-parasitized pairs. Growth rates of chicks of some host species were lower in parasitized nests compared with non-parasitized nests while growth of others was not affected by brood parasitism. Cowbird chick growth varied directly with host size; i.e., cowbird chicks grew faster and attained greater fledging weight and body size in nests of larger hosts. Factors important in shiny cowbird host selection were examined within the mangrove study community. Cowbirds did not parasitize avian species in proportion to their abundance. The cowbird breeding season coincided with that of its major hosts, which were high quality foster species, and did not extend into other periods even though nests of poor quality species were available. Food habits and egg size of cowbirds were similar to those of their hosts, suggesting that cowbirds choose hosts partly on the basis of this alignment. Cowbirds locate nests by cryptically watching activities of birds in likely habitat. Despite the recency of the cowbird's arrival in Puerto Rico, some nesting species have effective anti-parasite strategies, including alien egg rejection and nest guarding. Behavior effective in avoiding parasitism is similar to that used by certain birds in evading nest predators. It is suggested that anti-predator behavior is preadaptive to countering cowbird parasitism.","language":"English","publisher":"Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Miami","publisherLocation":"Coral Gables, FL","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J.W., 1982, Ecology of avian brood parasitism at an early interfacing of host and parasite populations, xvii, 257.","productDescription":"xvii, 257","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, J. W.","contributorId":51399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160125,"text":"ofr216 - 1982 - Landsat image map of the Ad Dawādimī quadrangle, sheet 24G, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-11T15:26:27","indexId":"ofr216","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"216","title":"Landsat image map of the Ad Dawādimī quadrangle, sheet 24G, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Interagency Report 329
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr216","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, and Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources, 1982, Landsat image map of the Ad Dawādimī quadrangle, sheet 24G, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 216, 21.26 x 33.46 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr216.","productDescription":"21.26 x 33.46 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":312192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Transverse Mercator","country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 43.5,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 43.5,\n 25\n ],\n [\n 45,\n 25\n ],\n [\n 45,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 43.5,\n 24\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566c01e5e4b09cfe53ca5adb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128240,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":581970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources","contributorId":147327,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources","id":581971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160566,"text":"ofr272 - 1982 - Landsat image map of the Sahl Al Maţrān quadrangle, sheet 26C, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-22T18:38:10","indexId":"ofr272","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"272","title":"Landsat image map of the Sahl Al Maţrān quadrangle, sheet 26C, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Interagency Report 476
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr272","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, and Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources, 1982, Landsat image map of the Sahl Al Maţrān quadrangle, sheet 26C, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 272, 21.26 x 33.46 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr272.","productDescription":"21.26 x 33.46 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":312767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Transverse Mercator","country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 37.5,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 37.5,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 39,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 39,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 37.5,\n 27\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a8242e4b0a04ef490fd05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128069,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":583160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources","contributorId":147327,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources","id":583161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160567,"text":"ofr276 - 1982 - Landsat image map of the Shaghab quadrangle, sheet 27B, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-22T18:42:28","indexId":"ofr276","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"276","title":"Landsat image map of the Shaghab quadrangle, sheet 27B, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Interagency Report 480
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr276","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, and Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources, 1982, Landsat image map of the Shaghab quadrangle, sheet 27B, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 276, 21.26 x 33.46 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr276.","productDescription":"21.26 x 33.46 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":312768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Transverse Mercator","country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 37.5,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 37.5,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 36,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 36,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 37.5,\n 27\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a8243e4b0a04ef490fd07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128240,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":583162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources","contributorId":147327,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Saudi Arabia. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources","id":583163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}