Test well DO-CE 88 at Cambridge, Maryland, penetrated 3,299 feet of unconsolidated Quaternary, Tertiary and Cretaceous sediments and bottomed in quartz-monzonite gneiss. The well was drilled to provide data for a study of the aquifer system of the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain. Twenty-one core samples were collected. Six sand zones were tested for aquifer properties and sampled for ground-water chemistry. Point-water heads were measured at seven depths. Environmental heads (which ranged from -18.33 to +44.16 feet relative to sea level) indicate an upward component of flow. A temperature log showed a maximum temperature of 41.9 degrees Celsius and a mean temperature gradient of 0.00838 degrees Celsius per foot.
The water analyses delineated the freshwater-saltwater transition zone between 2,650 and 3,100 feet. The ground water changes progressively downward from a sodium bicarbonate to a sodium chloride character. Clays in the analyzed core samples belong to the montmorillonite and kaolinite groups, and mean cation exchange capacity ranged from 8.3 to 38.9 milliequivalents per 100 grams.
Vertical and horizontal hydraulic conductivities measured in cores ranged from 1.5 x 10-s to 1.3 feet per day and from 7.3 x 10-6 to 1.3 feet per day, respectively, but the most permeable sands were not cored. Porosity was 1.5 percent in the quartz monzonite bedrock and ranged from 22.4 to 41 percent in the overlying sediments. Transmissivities from aquifer tests ranged from 25 to 850 feet squared per day, horizontal hydraulic conductivities ranged from 2.5 to 85 feet squared per day, and intrinsic permeabilities ranged from 0.8 to 23 micrometers squared.
Fossils identified in core samples include palynomorphs, dinoflagellates, and foraminifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr821015","usgsCitation":"Trapp, H., Knobel, L., Meisler, H., and Leahy, P., 1982, Test well DO-CE 88 at Cambridge, Dorchester County, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1015, vi, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821015.","productDescription":"vi, 81 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":493140,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1015/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140702,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1015/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Dorchester 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Jr.","contributorId":87945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampson","given":"J.C.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9210,"text":"ofr82408 - 1982 - Summary of economic geology data for the Glacier Peak Wilderness, Chelan, Snohomish, and Skagit counties, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:17","indexId":"ofr82408","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-408","title":"Summary of economic geology data for the Glacier Peak Wilderness, Chelan, Snohomish, and Skagit counties, Washington","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82408","usgsCitation":"Grant, A., 1982, Summary of economic geology data for the Glacier Peak Wilderness, Chelan, Snohomish, and Skagit counties, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-408, 41 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82408.","productDescription":"41 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142717,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0408/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36821,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0408/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36820,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0408/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699322","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, A.R.","contributorId":12487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8661,"text":"ofr82534 - 1982 - Image production equipment and procedures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:11","indexId":"ofr82534","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-534","title":"Image production equipment and procedures","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82534","usgsCitation":"Duval, J.S., 1982, Image production equipment and procedures: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-534, 22 p., ill ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82534.","productDescription":"22 p., ill ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0534/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36260,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0534/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duval, J. S.","contributorId":15200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duval","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5761,"text":"pp1220 - 1982 - Intrusive rocks of the Holden and Lucerne quadrangles, Washington— The relation of depth zones, composition, textures, and emplacement of plutons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-08T23:02:46.402317","indexId":"pp1220","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1220","title":"Intrusive rocks of the Holden and Lucerne quadrangles, Washington— The relation of depth zones, composition, textures, and emplacement of plutons","docAbstract":"The core of the northern Cascade Range in Washington consists of Precambrian and upper Paleozoic metamorphic rocks cut by numerous plutons, ranging in age from early Triassic to Miocene. The older plutons have been eroded to catazonal depths, whereas subvolcanic rocks are exposed in the youngest plutons. The Holden and Lucerne quadrangles span a -sizeable and representative part of this core. The oldest of the formations mapped in these quadrangles is the Swakane Biotite Gneiss, which was shown on the quadrangle maps as Cretaceous and older in age. The Swakane has yielded a middle Paleozoic metamorphic age, and also contains evidence of zircon inherited from some parent material more than 1,650 m.y. old. In this report, the Swakane is assigned an early Paleozoic or older age. It consists mostly of biotite gneiss, but interlayered with it are scattered layers and lenses of hornblende schist and gneiss, clinozoisite-epidote gneiss, and quartzite. Thickness of the Swakane is many thousands of meters, and the base is not exposed. The biotite gneiss is probably derived from a pile of siliceous volcanic rocks containing scattered sedimentary beds and basalt flows. Overlying the Swakane is a thick sequence of eugeosynclinal upper Paleozoic rocks metamorphosed to amphibolite grade. The sequence includes quartzite and thin layers of marble, hornblende schist and gneiss, graphitic schist, and smaller amounts of schist and gneiss of widely varying compositions. The layers have been tightly and complexly folded, and, in places, probably had been thrust over the overlying Swakane prior to metamorphism. Youngest of the supracrustal rocks in the area are shale, arkosic sandstone, and conglomerate of the Paleocene Swauk Formation. These rocks are preserved in the Chiwaukum graben, a major structural element of the region.
Of uncertain age, but possibly as old as any of the intrusive rocks in the area, are small masses of ultramafic rocks, now almost completely altered to serpentine. These occur either as included irregular masses in later intrusives or as tectonically emplaced lenses in metamorphic rocks. Also of uncertain age but probably much younger, perhaps as young as Eocene, are larger masses of hornblendite and hornblende periodotite that grade into hornblende gabbro. These are exposed on the surface and in the underground workings of the Holden mine. Oldest of the granitoid intrusives are the narrow, nearly concordant Dumbell Mountain plutons, having a radiometric age of about 220 m.y. They consist of gneissic hornblende-quartz diorite and quartz diorite gneiss. Most contacts consist of lit-par-lit zones, but some are gradational or more rarely sharp. The plutons are typically catazonal. Closely resembling the Dumbell Mountain plutons in outcrop appearance, but differing considerably in composition, are the Bearcat Ridge plutons. These consist of gneissic quartz diorite and granodiorite. The Bearcat Ridge plutons are not in contact with older dated plutons, but because their textural and structural characteristics so closely resemble those of the Dumbell Mountain plutons, they are considered to be the same age. Their composition, however, is suggestive of a much younger age. Cutting the Dumbell Mountain plutons is the Leroy Creek pluton, consisting of gneissic biotite-quartz diorite and trondjhemite. The gneissic foliation in the Leroy Creek is characterized by a strong and pervasive swirling. Cutting both the Dumbell Mountain and Leroy Creek plutons are the almost dikelike Seven-fingered Jack plutons. These range in composition from gabbro to quartz diorite; associated with them are contact complexes of highly varied rocks characterized by gabbro and coarse-grained hornblendite. Most of the rocks are gneissic, but some are massive and structureless.
Dikes, sills, small stocks, and irregular clots of leucocratic quartz diorite and granodiorite are abundant in the Swakane Biotite Gneiss and are locally abundant in the Seven-fingered Jack and other plutons. Although the leucocratic rocks vary little in appearance or composition, some, particularly those in the Swakane, were formed by metamorphic segregation, whereas the others are probably felsic differentiates of intrusive rocks.
The Tenpeak and White Mountain plutons are closely similar and are probably connected at depth. Rocks of the Tenpeak are more varied and range in composition from gabbro to granodiorite; quartz diorite is not only most common in the Tenpeak, but also constitutes, by far, the greatest bulk of the White Mountain pluton. Much of the rock in both plutons is somewhat gneissic, but some is nongneissic. The north end of the White Mountain pluton is bordered by a contact complex similar to those associated with the Seven-fingered Jack and other plutons in the area. Maximum potassium/argon ages determined on hornblende from the Tenpeak are about 90 m.y. Probably somewhat younger than the Tenpeak and White Mountain plutons is the Sulphur Mountain pluton. Only a small part of the pluton extends into the Holden quadrangle, and here the rocks are gneissic granodiorite.
The High Pass and Buck Creek plutons are tabular, somewhat silllike masses of granodioritic and quartz dioritic composition. Rocks in the Buck Creek pluton are entirely gneissic, whereas rocks only near the contacts or in the thinner parts of the High Pass are gneissic. In most places, the contacts of both plutons consist of lit-par-lit zones, but numerous dikes of the High Pass are present in the host rocks, especially the Sulphur Mountain pluton.
The Riddle Peaks pluton consists of layered and unlayered hornblende gabbro. Inasmuch as the pluton is cut on all sides by later intrusive rocks, its age relative to older plutons is not known, but it is almost certainly pre-Tertiary. Much of the gabbro is rhythmically layered, but some is unlayered or only vaguely layered. In places, thick sheets of unlayered gabbro alternate with equally thick sheets of rhythmically layered gabbro. The rock is mostly fresh and unaltered or recrystallized. No pseudosedimentary structures other than the gravity-stratified rhythmic layers were seen.
The Cardinal Peak pluton has a core consisting largely of granodiorite and quartz diorite and a rim of contact complexes containing large amounts of gabbro and coarse-grained hornblendite. The northern part of the intrusive is highly protoclastic throughout and contains numerous spindle- and canoe-shaped masses a third of a meter to several meters across and a few meters to several tens of meters long that are either partly or completely enveloped by rinds of fine-grained protoclastic material. These masses seem to have behaved as roller bearings during intrusion of the partly crystalline magma.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1220","usgsCitation":"Cater, F., 1982, Intrusive rocks of the Holden and Lucerne quadrangles, Washington— The relation of depth zones, composition, textures, and emplacement of plutons: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1220, vi, 108 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1220.","productDescription":"vi, 108 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1220/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32345,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1220/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392664,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74463.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Holden and Lucerne quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -120.5,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -120.5,\n 48.25\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 48.25\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 48\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49bee4b07f02db5d1227","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cater, Fred W.","contributorId":26295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cater","given":"Fred W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11656,"text":"ofr821046 - 1982 - Preliminary geological investigation of the Bir Hayzan diatomite deposit, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a section on selected physical properties and implications for future geophysical exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:33","indexId":"ofr821046","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-1046","title":"Preliminary geological investigation of the Bir Hayzan diatomite deposit, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a section on selected physical properties and implications for future geophysical exploration","docAbstract":"A 2.2-m-thick lake bed composed entirely of diatomite was found in the southwestern arm of the Nafud sand sea, about 67 km east of Tayma in northwestern Saudi Arabia. Its stratigraphic position above eolian sand and below a large barchanoid dune indicates deposition during an exceptional period of pluvial climate in an otherwise arid sand desert. Radiocarbon-dated carbonate lake beds found in similar stratigraphic settings in other parts of the Nafud suggest that the diatomite was deposited in the late Pleistocene epoch sometime between 32,000 and 20,000 years ago. Diatomite of the same pluvial episode has also been found in the Afar region of Ethiopia. \r\n\r\nFour samples of the diatomite were analyzed for major chemical components and 32 minor and trace elements. Two of the samples appeared to be representative of the lake bed. These samples contained about 85 percent SiO2, 2.34 percent Fe2O3, 1 4 percent Al2O3, and 8.27 percent ignition loss, with only traces of CaO, P2O5, MgO, Na2O, and TiO2. The high content of silica and low contents of alumina, iron oxide, lime, and other constituents indicate low contamination. Analyses of samples from the two atypical units indicate a small amount of contamination, probably clay or mica, in the basal unit and addition of iron oxide and carbonate by ground water in an isolated green-colored unit. Chemically the Bi'r Hayzan diatomite compares favorably with commercial deposits from other parts of the world. Low bulk densities of 0.64 g/cm3 (30-40 lbs/ft3) and an average porosity of 63 percent for five samples also suggest the deposit is of industrial grade. \r\n\r\nFurther studies are recommended to determine: (1) the size and extent of the deposit and (2) the suitability of the diatomite for commercial applications. As means to these ends, electrical-resistivity surveys following winter rains are suggested to determine both the extent and thickness of the lake bed beneath the overlying sand dunes. A complete species identification of the diatom association and further laboratory testing of physical properties of the diatomite also should be made. Further exploration in the Nafud is recommended to locate other possible diatomite deposits.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr821046","usgsCitation":"Whitney, J., and Gettings, M.E., 1982, Preliminary geological investigation of the Bir Hayzan diatomite deposit, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a section on selected physical properties and implications for future geophysical exploration: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1046, 27 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821046.","productDescription":"27 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39512,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1046/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673b91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitney, J.W.","contributorId":27437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gettings, M. E.","contributorId":25148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":16729,"text":"ofr82766 - 1982 - 1983 Water Quality Laboratory services catalog","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":49477,"text":"ofr811016 - 1981 - 1982 Water Quality Laboratory services catalog","indexId":"ofr811016","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"1982 Water Quality Laboratory services catalog"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":16729,"text":"ofr82766 - 1982 - 1983 Water Quality Laboratory services catalog","indexId":"ofr82766","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"1983 Water Quality Laboratory services catalog"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:02","indexId":"ofr82766","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-766","title":"1983 Water Quality Laboratory services catalog","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82766","usgsCitation":"Beetem, W., Anthony, E., Friedman, L., and Peryman, G., 1982, 1983 Water Quality Laboratory services catalog (Supersedes Open-file report 81-1016): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-766, 180 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82766.","productDescription":"180 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Supersedes Open-file report 81-1016","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4913e4b0b290850eedcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beetem, W.A.","contributorId":19173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beetem","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anthony, E.R.","contributorId":14831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedman, L.C.","contributorId":57080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peryman, G.R.","contributorId":76320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peryman","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":8221,"text":"ofr821128 - 1982 - Contour map showing minimum depth to ground water, upper Santa Ana River valley, California, 1973-1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-26T20:55:48.486038","indexId":"ofr821128","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-1128","title":"Contour map showing minimum depth to ground water, upper Santa Ana River valley, California, 1973-1979","docAbstract":"A contour map showing minimum depth to ground water from 1973 through 1979 was constructed for the upper Santa Ana River valley region. The map was prepared as an initial step in an ongoing liquefaction-potential study, but is not a liquefaction-hazard map. The contour map indicates where ground water shallower than 50 ft below land surface occurred at least once during the 1973-1979 period, and also indicates the probable future distribution of ground water shallower than 50 ft below land surface for periods when climatic conditions and water-management policies similar to those in the 1970's recur. This contour map does not show how the water table actually looked at any particular instant during the reporting period, nor does it show average or typical ground-water conditions during the reporting period. Instead, this map shows what the regional ground-water table would look like if the shallowest water level measured in each well during the 1973-1979 period is used as the basis for constructing a map of minimum depth to ground water.
This map identifies twenty areas within the upper Santa Ana River valley where water levels in wells were shallower than 50 ft below land surface at least once during the period 1973-1979. In the greater Santa Ana River area, between the San Jacinto ground-water barrier and Prado flood-control dam, ground water was shallower than 50 ft below land surface intermittently throughout the 1973-1979 period. In this area, shallow water generally reflects shallow depths to impermeable bedrock and the ease and frequency with which ground water is replenished by natural and artificial recharge. Most of the other areas of shallow ground water identified on this map experienced pervasive shallow water levels only after mid-1977. Prior to mid-1977, ground water in these areas generally was deeper than 50 ft below land surface.
During later parts of the 1973-1979 period, water tables rose mainly because of two factors: (1) wetter-than-normal winters in 1977-1978 and 19781979 contributed increased volumes of surface runoff and natural recharge in the upper Santa Ana River valley region; and (2) commencing in 1972, ground water in the Valley region has been replenished by artificial recharge of imported water derived from the California State Water Project. The accelerated natural and artificial recharge of ground water basins in 1977, 1978, and 1979 raised ground water tables throughout the Valley region.
Water-level records more recent than September 1979 indicate that for most of the twenty areas of shallow ground water, water levels have remained shallower than 50 ft below land surface through December 1981. In some areas, water levels have risen even more. For example, in the San Bernardino area, rising water locally has invaded basements, undermined roadways, and affected foundation construction. Where post-1979 water levels have continued to rise, the areas underlain by shallow ground water have expanded and now are larger than the areas shown on the contour map of this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr821128","usgsCitation":"Carson, S.E., and Matti, J.C., 1982, Contour map showing minimum depth to ground water, upper Santa Ana River valley, California, 1973-1979: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1128, Report: 48 p.; 2 Plates: 65.74 x 41.40 inches and 29.29 x 28.86 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821128.","productDescription":"Report: 48 p.; 2 Plates: 65.74 x 41.40 inches and 29.29 x 28.86 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407364,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1128/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407363,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1128/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407362,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1128/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"upper Santa Ana River valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.78444444444445,33.984722222222224 ], [ -117.78444444444445,34.25 ], [ -117,34.25 ], [ -117,33.984722222222224 ], [ -117.78444444444445,33.984722222222224 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6990f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carson, Scott E.","contributorId":99973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carson","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matti, Jonathan C. jmatti@usgs.gov","contributorId":3666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matti","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmatti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":157365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8582,"text":"ofr82817 - 1982 - Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey open-file reports as of July 1982","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":8582,"text":"ofr82817 - 1982 - Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey open-file reports as of July 1982","indexId":"ofr82817","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey open-file reports as of July 1982"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":13366,"text":"ofr86172 - 1986 - Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey Open-file reports as of December 1985","indexId":"ofr86172","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey Open-file reports as of December 1985"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":13366,"text":"ofr86172 - 1986 - Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey Open-file reports as of December 1985","indexId":"ofr86172","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey Open-file reports as of December 1985"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-01T11:17:25","indexId":"ofr82817","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-817","title":"Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey open-file reports as of July 1982","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr82817","usgsCitation":"Dodd, K., 1982, Computer programs released as U.S. Geological Survey open-file reports as of July 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-817, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82817.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0817/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":368878,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0817/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, Kurt","contributorId":12480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"Kurt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7816,"text":"ofr82717 - 1982 - Net flow of near-bottom waters on the inner Beaufort Sea Shelf as determined from seabed drifters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:08","indexId":"ofr82717","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-717","title":"Net flow of near-bottom waters on the inner Beaufort Sea Shelf as determined from seabed drifters","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82717","usgsCitation":"Barnes, P.W., and Reimnitz, E., 1982, Net flow of near-bottom waters on the inner Beaufort Sea Shelf as determined from seabed drifters: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-717, 10 p., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82717.","productDescription":"10 p., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0717/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35313,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0717/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697b6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, P. W.","contributorId":8819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reimnitz, Erk","contributorId":17963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimnitz","given":"Erk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14772,"text":"ofr82257 - 1982 - Map showing the potentiometric surface of the Magothy Aquifer in southern Maryland, September 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:04","indexId":"ofr82257","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-257","title":"Map showing the potentiometric surface of the Magothy Aquifer in southern Maryland, September 1981","docAbstract":"The map is based on measurements from a network of 83 observation wells cased to the Magothy aquifer. Highest levels of the potentiometric surface, 59 to 60 feet above sea level, were measured near the outcrop-subcrop of the aquifer in topographically high areas of Anne Arundel and Prince Georges Counties. The surface slopes to the southeast to above sea level along much of the western shore of Chesapeake Bay. Three separate, distinct, and extensive cones of depression have developed in the potentiometric surface around the well fields of the city of Annapolis-Broadneck Peninsula area, town of Waldorf, and Chalk Point. Several square miles of each cone are below sea level, and, in some areas at Chalk Point and Waldorf, the cone is 40 to 50 feet below sea level. The network of wells was developed as part of the cooperative program between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Maryland Geological Survey, and the Maryland Energy and Coastal Zone Administration. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82257","usgsCitation":"Mack, F.K., Wheeler, J.C., and Curtin, S.E., 1982, Map showing the potentiometric surface of the Magothy Aquifer in southern Maryland, September 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-257, 3 p., 28 x 22 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82257.","productDescription":"3 p., 28 x 22 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0257/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43548,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0257/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b11e4b07f02db6a243b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mack, F. K.","contributorId":93471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wheeler, J. C.","contributorId":66225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Curtin, S. E.","contributorId":17235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11131,"text":"ofr82471 - 1982 - Lithologic descriptions of late Quaternary core borings from the Corpus Christi area, Nueces County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:24","indexId":"ofr82471","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-471","title":"Lithologic descriptions of late Quaternary core borings from the Corpus Christi area, Nueces County, Texas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82471","usgsCitation":"Shideler, G.L., 1982, Lithologic descriptions of late Quaternary core borings from the Corpus Christi area, Nueces County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-471, 32 p., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82471.","productDescription":"32 p., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0471/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38899,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0471/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shideler, G. L.","contributorId":63393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shideler","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8099,"text":"ofr82205 - 1982 - Seismicity of the Parkfield, California, region, 1969 to 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:07","indexId":"ofr82205","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-205","title":"Seismicity of the Parkfield, California, region, 1969 to 1979","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82205","usgsCitation":"Buhr, G., and Lindh, A., 1982, Seismicity of the Parkfield, California, region, 1969 to 1979: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-205, 89 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82205.","productDescription":"89 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0205/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35698,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0205/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa8b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buhr, G.S.","contributorId":84371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhr","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindh, A.G.","contributorId":24784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindh","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7062,"text":"ofr82532 - 1982 - Columbia River Basalt; 1980-1981 sample data and chemical analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:05","indexId":"ofr82532","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-532","title":"Columbia River Basalt; 1980-1981 sample data and chemical analyses","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82532","usgsCitation":"Wright, T.L., Black, K., Swanson, D.A., and O’Hearn, T., 1982, Columbia River Basalt; 1980-1981 sample data and chemical analyses: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-532, 62 p., 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82532.","productDescription":"62 p., 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0532/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34357,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0532/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae76f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, T. L.","contributorId":11188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Black, K.N.","contributorId":39369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"K.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, D. A.","contributorId":34102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Hearn, Tim","contributorId":69549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Hearn","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":7799,"text":"ofr82738 - 1982 - Principal facts for gravity stations in the Whetstone Roadless Area, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:05","indexId":"ofr82738","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-738","title":"Principal facts for gravity stations in the Whetstone Roadless Area, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82738","usgsCitation":"Bankey, V., and Kleinkopf, M.D., 1982, Principal facts for gravity stations in the Whetstone Roadless Area, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-738, 17 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82738.","productDescription":"17 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0738/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35299,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0738/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6679c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bankey, Viki viki@usgs.gov","contributorId":1238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bankey","given":"Viki","email":"viki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":156627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleinkopf, M. D.","contributorId":10036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinkopf","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7893,"text":"ofr82963 - 1982 - Interfacing an ARL plasma spectrometer to an HP1000 minicomputer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:59","indexId":"ofr82963","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-963","title":"Interfacing an ARL plasma spectrometer to an HP1000 minicomputer","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82963","usgsCitation":"Bigelow, R.C., 1982, Interfacing an ARL plasma spectrometer to an HP1000 minicomputer: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-963, 1 v. (various foliations) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82963.","productDescription":"1 v. (various foliations) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0963/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35415,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0963/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0a68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bigelow, R. C.","contributorId":90718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bigelow","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10574,"text":"ofr82791 - 1982 - Geochemical orientation for mineral exploration in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:28","indexId":"ofr82791","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-791","title":"Geochemical orientation for mineral exploration in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan","docAbstract":"This report is a supplement to previous accounts of geochemical exploration conducted in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan by the Natural Resources Authority of the Royal Government of Jordan and the U.S. Geological Survey. The field work on which this report is based was sponsored by the U.S. Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. Procedures used in collecting various kinds of rocks, ores, slags, eluvial and alluvial sediments, heavy-mineral concentrates, and organic materials for use as geochemical sample media are summarized, as are the laboratory procedures followed for the analysis of these sample materials by semiquantitative spectrographic, atomic absorption, fluorometric, and X-ray diffraction methods. Geochemical evaluations of the possibilities for economic mineral deposits in certain areas are presented. \r\n\r\nThe results of these preliminary investigations open concepts for further use in geochemical exploration in the search for metallic mineral deposits in Jordan. Perhaps the most desirable new activity would be hydrogeochemical exploration for uranium and base metals, accompanied by interpretation of such remote-sensing data as results of airborne radiometric surveys and computer-enhanced LANDSAT imagery. For more conventional approaches to geochemical exploration, however, several fundamental problems regarding proper choice of geochemical sample media for different geologic and geographic parts of the Country must be solved before effective surveys can be made. The present results also show that such common geochemical exploration techniques as the determination of the trace-element contents of soils, plant ash, and slags have direct application also toward the resolution of several archaeological problems in Jordan. These include the relation of trace-elements chemistry of local soils to the composition of botanic remains, the trace-elements composition of slags to the technological development of the extractive metallurgy of copper and iron in the region, and the use of charcoal from slags for the C-14 dating of periods of archaeometallurgical activity. Less directly, interpretations based on the distribution in time and space of the archaeometallurgical activities of the region might add to the knowledge of early climatic conditions and vegetative cover of the area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82791","usgsCitation":"Overstreet, W., Grimes, D.J., and Seitz, J.F., 1982, Geochemical orientation for mineral exploration in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-791, viii, 255 p., ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82791.","productDescription":"viii, 255 p., ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0791/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38406,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0791/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae5ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overstreet, W.C.","contributorId":105294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grimes, D. J.","contributorId":73575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seitz, J. 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Most recorded production from lode deposits is credited to mines in the Gold Basin district, which is in the southern White Hills, whereas the bulk of the placer production has been from placers worked along the eastern flank of the Lost Basin range, about 16 km to the northeast across Hualapai Valley. Gold in quartz veins apparently was first discovered in the 1870's. Recorded production from the districts between 1901 and 1942 includes 13,508 oz gold and 6,857 oz silver, and this recorded production has a dollar value of about $359,000 of which 98 percent is credited to gold.
Most known occurrences of lode gold in the districts are associated with widespread quartz-cored pegmatite-vein systems, presumably emplaced episodically during Proterozoic X, Proterozoic Y, and Late Cretaceous time into Proterozoic X metamorphic and igneous rocks. The bulk of the veins apparently were emplaced during the Late Cretaceous, and they were localized along both high- and low-angle structures in the Proterozoic X terrane. These veins appear to be associated genetically with presumably Late Cretaceous, two-mica magmatism. A Late Cretaceous two-mica monzogranite crops out in an approximately 4 to 5 km2 area in the southern part of the Gold Basin district and includes some facies of episyenite. Some gold is found also in small episyenitic alteration pipes, or in veins caught up tectonically along a regionally extensive, low-angle detachment surface which crops out prominently in the southern White Hills, and has been traced for at least 30 km along the western flank of the White Hills.
Hydrothermal micas from selected veins in the districts give K-Ar ages of 822, 712, 69, 68, and 65 m.y. (million years), and from the pipes, ages of 130 and 127 m.y. The oldest ages (822 and 712 m.y.) presumably reflect resetting of veins that probably were emplaced penecontemporaneous with emplacement of the 1,400-m.y. granite of Gold Butte, which crops out just to the north of Lake Mead. The latter ages (130 and 127 m.y.) must reflect either the presence of excess radiogenic argon in the hydrothermal environment of the evolving pipes, or contamination of the dated mineral separates by Proterozoic mica and (or) feldspar. Primary white mica from the two-mica monzogranite gives a K-Ar age of 72 m.y..
Most occurrences of gold in the veins and pipes probably reflect either remobilization of gold from gold-bearing, near-surface Proterozoic source areas, or anatectic incorporation of gold into Late Cretaceous, two-mica magmas from very deep gold-bearing Proterozoic sources. Deposition of gold occurred in a mesothermal environment during the galena-, chalcopyrite-, ferroan-carbonate-bearing stages of the veins. Homogenization studies of fluid inclusions prominent in the veins and pipes yield temperatures mostly in the range 150 to 280°C. Early-stage, trapping temperatures at the pipes probably were about 330°C and pressures in the range 500 to 700 bars can be inferred. Fluids were moderately saline, mostly 4 to 16 weight percent NaC1 equivalent, nonboiling, and also contain appreciable amounts of carbon dioxide and, in places, fluorine. Such fluids associated with the deposition of gold in these districts largely bridge the fluid composition interval between many other epithermal precious-metal and porphyry coper deposits.
Approximately 350 compositional analyses obtained from native-gold samples from 20 mines in the Gold Basin district and 48 veins in the Lost Basin district show silver contents that range from 6 to approximately 50 weight percent, and copper from 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent. Metal zonation and possible relation to a porphyry copper system at depth can be inferred from some of these chemical data. The differences in the composition of placer gold from 24 occurrences in the Lost Basin district from that of nearby lode sources suggest that other sources contributed gold to the placers or that locally derived grains were enriched by oxidation and weathering of the lodes.
No abstract available.
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a new Oligocene stratigraphic unit in the lower coastal plain of South Carolina","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482840,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92726.htm","text":"Mauzy Formation, a new stratigraphic unit of Permian age in western Kentucky","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482841,"rank":13,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92727.htm","text":"Huntersville Chert and its Bobs Ridge Sandstone Member extending from southwestern Virginia into southwestern Pennsylvania in the middle part of the Appalachians","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482842,"rank":14,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92728.htm","text":"Recognition and formalization of the Pliocene \"Goose Creek phase\" in the Charleston, South Carolina, area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482843,"rank":15,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92729.htm","text":"Adoption of names of certain members of formations in the Hamilton Group (Middle Devonian) of New York","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482834,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92719.htm","text":"Formation names in the Worcester area, Massachusetts","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482835,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92720.htm","text":"New stratigraphic unit in the Wilcox Group (upper Paleocene-lower Eocene) in Alabama and Georgia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae891","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46025,"text":"ofr82653 - 1982 - Landslides and related features, Kentucky and Tennessee, Corbin 1° x 2° sheet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-14T22:12:10.489351","indexId":"ofr82653","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-653","title":"Landslides and related features, Kentucky and Tennessee, Corbin 1° x 2° sheet","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82653","usgsCitation":"Taylor, A.R., and Thomas, R.E., 1982, Landslides and related features, Kentucky and Tennessee, Corbin 1° x 2° sheet: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-653, 128 Plates: 21.00 × 42.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82653.","productDescription":"128 Plates: 21.00 × 42.00 inches or 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