Exploration for a high-level-nuclear-waste-repository site in the Yucca Mountain area, Nev., resulted in the addition of 423 new gravity stations during the past 2 years to the 934 existing stations to form the data base of this study. About 100 surface-rock samples, three borehole gamma-gamma logs, and one borehole gravity study provide excellent density control. A linear increase in density of 0.26 g/cm3 per km is indicated in the thick tuff sequences. This steady increase of density within the tuff sequences makes the density contrast across the basal contact of the tuff the only strong source of gravity fluctuations. Isostatic and 2.0-g/cm3 Bouguer corrections were applied to the observed gravity values to remove deep-crust-related regional gradients and topographic effects, respectively. The resulting residual-gravity plot shows significant gravity anomalies that correlate closely with the structures inferred from drill-hole and surface geologic studies.
Gravity highs over the three Paleozoic rock outcrops within the study area--Bare Mountain, the Calico Hills, and the Striped Hills--served as reference points for the gravity models. The Bare Mountain gravity high, which peaks at 48 mGal, connects with a larger gravity high over the Funeral Mountains to the south; together, these highs may result from a continuous block of mildly metamorphosed Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks stretching from the east edge of Death Valley to Bare Mountain. The Calico Hills gravity high appears more likely to originate from a northeast-trending remanent topographic high of buried Paleozoic rocks rather than from an isolated structural dome. This buried ridge may extend southwestward beneath Busted Butte, 5 km southeast of the proposed repository, where 2 1/2- and 3dimensional modeling indicates that the pre-Cenozoic rocks may be less than 1,000 m deep.
At least 3,000 m of tuff fills a large steep-sided depression in the prevolcanic rocks beneath Yucca Mountain and Crater Flat. The gravity low and thick tuff section probably lie within a large collapse area comprising the Crater Flat-Timber Mountain-Silent Canyon caldera complexes. Gravity lows in Crater Flat itself are thought to coincide with the source areas of the Prow Pass Member, the Bullfrog Member, and the unnamed member of the Crater Flat Tuff. Southward extension of the broad gravity low associated with Crater Flat into the Amargosa Desert is evidence for sector graben-type collapse segments related to Timber Mountain caldera and superimposed on the other structures within Crater Flat.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82701","usgsCitation":"Snyder, D., and Carr, W.J., 1982, Preliminary results of gravity investigations at Yucca Mountain and vicinity, southern Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-701, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82701.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":429467,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0701/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":39042,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0701/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143712,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0701/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.54199992341728,\n 36.969218668834756\n ],\n [\n -116.54199992341728,\n 36.7955322232273\n ],\n [\n -116.33873566687758,\n 36.7955322232273\n ],\n [\n -116.33873566687758,\n 36.969218668834756\n ],\n [\n -116.54199992341728,\n 36.969218668834756\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aade4b07f02db66b2f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, D.B.","contributorId":99141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, W. James","contributorId":16014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11244,"text":"ofr82961 - 1982 - Geochronological data for the Pioneer Mountains, southwestern Montana; Part I, 40Ar/39Ar age-spectrum and conventional K/Ar dates for unaltered plutons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:31","indexId":"ofr82961","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-961","title":"Geochronological data for the Pioneer Mountains, southwestern Montana; Part I, 40Ar/39Ar age-spectrum and conventional K/Ar dates for unaltered plutons","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82961","usgsCitation":"Snee, L., and Sutter, J.F., 1982, Geochronological data for the Pioneer Mountains, southwestern Montana; Part I, 40Ar/39Ar age-spectrum and conventional K/Ar dates for unaltered plutons: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-961, 51 p., 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82961.","productDescription":"51 p., 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0961/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39038,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0961/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6a9f4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutter, J. F.","contributorId":59779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11510,"text":"ofr82666A - 1982 - Conditional estimates and marginal probabilities for undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:49","indexId":"ofr82666A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-666","chapter":"A","title":"Conditional estimates and marginal probabilities for undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82666A","usgsCitation":"Varnes, K.L., Charpentier, R., and Dolton, G., 1982, Conditional estimates and marginal probabilities for undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-666, 30 p., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82666A.","productDescription":"30 p., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0666a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39373,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0666a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b14e4b07f02db6a47a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varnes, K. 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L.","contributorId":74386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varnes","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dolton, G.L.","contributorId":51722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolton","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11512,"text":"ofr82666B - 1982 - Estimates of Federal ownership of undiscovered oil and gas resources by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:49","indexId":"ofr82666B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-666","chapter":"B","title":"Estimates of Federal ownership of undiscovered oil and gas resources by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82666B","usgsCitation":"Varnes, K.L., and Dolton, G., 1982, Estimates of Federal ownership of undiscovered oil and gas resources by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-666, 15p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82666B.","productDescription":"15p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0666b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39375,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0666b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6725dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varnes, K. L.","contributorId":74386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varnes","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dolton, G.L.","contributorId":51722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolton","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11513,"text":"ofr82666D - 1982 - Estimates of undiscovered recoverable resources of total gas by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:49","indexId":"ofr82666D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-666","chapter":"D","title":"Estimates of undiscovered recoverable resources of total gas by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82666D","usgsCitation":"Varnes, K.L., Dolton, G., and Charpentier, R., 1982, Estimates of undiscovered recoverable resources of total gas by province; statistical background data for U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-666, 18 p., ill., maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82666D.","productDescription":"18 p., ill., maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0666d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39376,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0666d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fca1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varnes, K. L.","contributorId":74386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varnes","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dolton, G.L.","contributorId":51722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolton","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R.","contributorId":33674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":10603,"text":"ofr82415 - 1982 - Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments drilled in Clayton Valley, Esmeralda County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:26","indexId":"ofr82415","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-415","title":"Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments drilled in Clayton Valley, Esmeralda County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82415","usgsCitation":"Pantea, M., and Asher-Bolinder, S., 1982, Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments drilled in Clayton Valley, Esmeralda County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-415, 14 p., ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82415.","productDescription":"14 p., ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0415/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38441,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0415/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605af9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pantea, M. P.","contributorId":11224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pantea","given":"M. 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Tables show the descriptive location of each site, the latitude and longitude, county, and National Topographic map name. For gaged sites established through 1980, the U.S. Geological Survey station name and number are also listed. The data are presented alphabetically by stream name and in downstream order. Drainage areas were tabulated for most named streams and unnamed streams with a drainage area greater than 5 square miles. The methods used to delineate the drainage divides, measure areas, and determine mouths of streams follow the guidelines developed by the U.S. Water Resources Council. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82572","usgsCitation":"Velnich, A., 1982, Drainage areas in New Jersey; Delaware River basin and streams tributary to Delaware Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-572, ii, 50 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82572.","productDescription":"ii, 50 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0572/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39385,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0572/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635fb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velnich, A. J.","contributorId":25149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velnich","given":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11241,"text":"ofr82459 - 1982 - Geologic cross section across the continental margin of southwestern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:31","indexId":"ofr82459","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-459","title":"Geologic cross section across the continental margin of southwestern Washington","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82459","usgsCitation":"Snavely, P.D., and Wagner, H.C., 1982, Geologic cross section across the continental margin of southwestern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-459, 11 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82459.","productDescription":"11 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0459/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39032,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0459/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":39033,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0459/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snavely, P. D. Jr.","contributorId":22770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snavely","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, H. C.","contributorId":95033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11239,"text":"ofr82489 - 1982 - Two BASIC computer programs for the determination of in situ stresses using the CSIRO hollow inclusion stress cell and the USBM borehole deformation gage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:31","indexId":"ofr82489","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-489","title":"Two BASIC computer programs for the determination of in situ stresses using the CSIRO hollow inclusion stress cell and the USBM borehole deformation gage","docAbstract":"The mathematical method of determining in-situ stresses by overcoring, using either the U.S. Bureau of Mines Borehole Deformation Gage or the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Hollow Inclusion Stress Cell, is summarized, and data reduction programs for each type of instrument, written in BASIC, are presented. The BASIC programs offer several advantages over previously available FORTRAN programs. They can be executed on a desk-top microcomputer at or near the field site, allowing the investigator to assess the quality of the data and make decisions on the need for additional testing while the crew is still in the field. Also, data input is much simpler than with currently available FORTRAN programs; either English or SI units can be used; and standard deviations of the principal stresses are computed as well as those of the geographic components.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82489","usgsCitation":"Smith, W.K., 1982, Two BASIC computer programs for the determination of in situ stresses using the CSIRO hollow inclusion stress cell and the USBM borehole deformation gage: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-489, iii, 44 p., ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82489.","productDescription":"iii, 44 p., ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0489/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39030,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0489/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6972b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, W. K.","contributorId":52582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11230,"text":"ofr821019 - 1982 - A study of trends in dissolved oxygen and fecal coliform bacteria at NASQAN stations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:30","indexId":"ofr821019","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-1019","title":"A study of trends in dissolved oxygen and fecal coliform bacteria at NASQAN stations","docAbstract":"Most stations in the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network show no significant trend in either dissolved oxygen concentration or fecal coliform bacteria population for the period October 1974. through October 1981. Of the stations which do show trends, however, most show improved water quality: thirty-one of a total of 276 stations show rising dissolved oxygen concentrations, while only 17 show decreasing concentrations. Decreases in fecal coliform populations have occurred at 21 stations while increases have occurred at only 12 stations. \r\n\r\nApproximately half of the stations showing improving trends in dissolved oxygen and fecal coliform bacteria are in the Missouri-Mississippi-Ohio River system. Decreases in dissolved oxygen have occurred at scattered locations in the Western and South-Central States. Rising bacterial populations occur most frequently in the Eastern and Central States \r\n\r\nTrends in dissolved oxygen concentration resulting from temperature changes occurring during the study period can be separated from trends caused by chemical or biological processes by analyzing computed values of dissolved oxygen deficit. About half of the observed trends in dissolved oxygen appear to be the result of changes in water temperature.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr821019","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.A., and Alexander, R.B., 1982, A study of trends in dissolved oxygen and fecal coliform bacteria at NASQAN stations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1019, [i], 8 p. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821019.","productDescription":"[i], 8 p. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1019/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39020,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1019/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6120","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard A. 0000-0003-2117-2269 rsmith1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-2269","contributorId":580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rsmith1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":162771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":162770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11537,"text":"ofr811055 - 1982 - Drainage areas of New York streams, by river basins; a stream gazetteer; Part 1, Data compiled as of October 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:36","indexId":"ofr811055","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1055","title":"Drainage areas of New York streams, by river basins; a stream gazetteer; Part 1, Data compiled as of October 1980","docAbstract":"Hydrologic studies concerned with surface water require geographic data of several types, among which are stream length and size of drainage area from which runoff is contributed. This gazetteer presents all drainage-area data on New York streams that were available as of October 1980. The information is grouped by river basin, and each section consists of two lists. The first gives sites alphabetically by stream name and includes the body of water to which the stream is tributary, county in which the site is located, drainage area above the mouth, coordinates of the topographic quadrangle on the State index map , and the Geological Survey site number. The second list presents site information by U.S. Geological Survey site number (downstream order along the main stream) and includes drainage area, distance of measurement site above the mouth, and location by latitude and longitude. Data were compiled from published and unpublished sources, all of which are available for inspection at the U.S. Geological Survey in Albany, N.Y. Also included are updated values on several river basins that have been redelineated and whose drainage areas have been recomputed and retabulated since 1977. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr811055","usgsCitation":"Wagner, L., 1982, Drainage areas of New York streams, by river basins; a stream gazetteer; Part 1, Data compiled as of October 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1055, 365 p., 1 over-size sheet, maps (1 col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811055.","productDescription":"365 p., 1 over-size sheet, maps (1 col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1055/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39399,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1055/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":39400,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1055/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633c77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, L.A.","contributorId":12427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11547,"text":"ofr82885 - 1982 - Mineral resource potential of the Olallie Roadless Area, Marion and Jefferson counties, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:44","indexId":"ofr82885","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-885","title":"Mineral resource potential of the Olallie Roadless Area, Marion and Jefferson counties, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82885","usgsCitation":"Walker, G.W., 1982, Mineral resource potential of the Olallie Roadless Area, Marion and Jefferson counties, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-885, 12 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82885.","productDescription":"12 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0885/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39418,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0885/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3dea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, G. W.","contributorId":92661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11548,"text":"ofr82822 - 1982 - Mineral resource potential of the Pine Creek Roadless Area, Harney County, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:44","indexId":"ofr82822","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-822","title":"Mineral resource potential of the Pine Creek Roadless Area, Harney County, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82822","usgsCitation":"Walker, G.W., and Denton, D., 1982, Mineral resource potential of the Pine Creek Roadless Area, Harney County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-822, i, 9 p. map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82822.","productDescription":"i, 9 p. map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0822/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39419,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0822/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ae4b07f02db69c9d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, George Walton","contributorId":14801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"Walton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denton, David K.","contributorId":108123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denton","given":"David K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11556,"text":"ofr82713 - 1982 - Slides showing preliminary geologic maps of the Butte 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:41","indexId":"ofr82713","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-713","title":"Slides showing preliminary geologic maps of the Butte 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, western Montana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82713","usgsCitation":"Wallace, C.A., and Schmidt, R.G., 1982, Slides showing preliminary geologic maps of the Butte 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, western Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-713, 2 p., col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82713.","productDescription":"2 p., col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0713/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39430,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0713/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, C. A.","contributorId":15596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, R. G.","contributorId":107690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11559,"text":"ofr82553 - 1982 - An atlas of eleven selected aquifers in New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:42","indexId":"ofr82553","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-553","title":"An atlas of eleven selected aquifers in New York","docAbstract":"Water from 11 aquifer systems in New York, excluding Long Island , is used by 2.8 million people. Ten are in areas hydraulically connected with the master stream and have a shallow water table, the 11th is a buried valley system on the Lake Ontario Plain. In all systems, till, lake silt and clay, and bedrock knobs are interspersed within sand and gravel. Confining conditions occur locally in all systems and are extensive in some. Each area is partly urbanized, contains industry, and has an extensive transportation network, all of which may be sources of contamination. Well yields for public and industrial supply are commonly several hundred gallons per minute. More than 90 maps depict surficial geology, soil-zone permeability, aquifer dimensions and potential, water levels, and land use; tables of ground-water use, population served, and a summary of contamination potential are also given. Major concern in all areas is the potential for contamination and, in a few areas, adequacy of supply. The areas described are Schenectady, Endicott-Johnson City, Ramapo and Mahwah Rivers, Irondequoit Creek, Jamestown, Elmira-Horseheads-Big Flats, Cortland, Homer-Preble, Sprout and Fishkill Creeks, Fulton, and south Fallsburg-Woodbourne. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82553","usgsCitation":"Waller, R.M., and Finch, A.J., 1982, An atlas of eleven selected aquifers in New York (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-553, 247 p, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82553.","productDescription":"247 p","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_82_553.jpg"},{"id":260284,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0553/report.pdf"},{"id":260285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0553/report-thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684c28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, Roger Milton","contributorId":22320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"Milton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finch, Anne J.","contributorId":102494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finch","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11560,"text":"ofr8291 - 1982 - Selected climatic characteristics of the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T09:03:39","indexId":"ofr8291","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-91","title":"Selected climatic characteristics of the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","docAbstract":"The southeastern Uinta Basin in Utah and Colorado contains large reserves of oil shale, the mining of which could affect the area 's water resources. Climatic characteristics of the area, which were evaluated as one phase of a comprehensive hydrologic study, are presented to help provide the means of evaluating the impact of mining on the area 's water resources. Data for precipitation , air temperature, and evaporation obtained by the U.S. Geological Survey from October 1974 to September 1978, and similar short-term data obtained by other Federal agencies at sites in and near the study area, were tabulated and adjusted to a 1941-70 base period. For all sites with incomplete records for 1941-70, the data were adjusted by relating them to concurrent data collected at one or more long-term National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration sites. Maps were prepared showing areal variance for normal annual precipitation, normal annual air temperature, and normal annual pan evaporation.. The normal annual precipitation ranges from less than 8 inches for altitudes under 5,000 feet to more than 20 inches above 9,000 feet. The normal annual air temperature ranges from 37 to 47 degrees Fahrenheit and varies inversely with altitude and latitude. The normal annual pan evaporation ranges from 42 to 60 inches and varies directly with normal annual air temperature. Although not mapped, it is shown that the normal April 1 water content of the snowpack increases from about 5 inches at 7,000 feet to about 11 inches at 9,000 feet. In addition, the year-to-year and within-year variances of some climatic characteristics are illustrated. The standard error of estimate when relating normal annual precipitation to altitude is 17%, which is equivalent to the standard error when relating the average for 5 years of observed record at a site to the long-term mean at the site. Thus, it appears that additional observation points would not improve areal coverage unless the observation sites were continued for 5 years or longer. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr8291","usgsCitation":"Waltemeyer, S., 1982, Selected climatic characteristics of the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-91, Report: vi, 33 p.; 3 Plates: 22.25 x 27.14 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8291.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 33 p.; 3 Plates: 22.25 x 27.14 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":365406,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365407,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0091/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365408,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0091/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365409,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0091/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Uinta Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa2c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waltemeyer, S. D.","contributorId":65857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waltemeyer","given":"S. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11219,"text":"ofr82987 - 1982 - Leaching characteristics of ash from the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens Volcano, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:42:17.843167","indexId":"ofr82987","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-987","title":"Leaching characteristics of ash from the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens Volcano, Washington","docAbstract":"Leaching of freshly erupted air-fall ash, unaffected by rain, from the May 18, 1.980,eruption of Mount St. Helens volcano, Washington, shows that Ca 2+, Na+, Mg+, SO4 2-, and Cl- are the predominant chemical species released on first exposure of the ash to water. Extremely high correlation of Ca with SO4 and Na with Cl in water leachates suggests the presence of CaSO4 and NaCl salts on the ash. The amount of water soluble material on ash increases with distance from source and with the weight fraction of small (less than 63 micrometers) ash particles of high-surface area. This suggests that surface reactions such as adsorption are responsible for concentrating the soluble material. CaSO4, NaCl, and other salts are probably formed as microscopic crystals in the high-temperature core of the eruption column and are then adsorbed by silicate ash particles. \r\n\r\nThe environmentally important elements Zn, Cu, Cd, F, Pb, and Ba are released by a water leach in concentrations which could pose short-term hazards to some forms of aquatic life. However, calculated concentrations are based on a water-to-ash ratio of 4:1 or less, which is probably an underestimation of the regionally operative ratio. A subsequent leach of ash by warm alkaline solution shows dramatic increases in the amount of dissolved SiO2, U, and V, which are probably caused by increased dissolution of the glassy component of ash. Glass dissolution by alkaline ground water is a mechanism for providing these three elements to sedimentary traps where they may co-accumulate as uraniferous silica or U-V minerals. \r\n\r\nLeaching characteristics of ash from Mount St. Helens are comparable to characteristics of ash of similar composition from volcanoes in Guatemala. Ashes from each locality show similar ions predominating for a given leachate and similar fractions of a particular element in the ash removed on contact with the leach solution.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82987","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.B., Zielinski, R.A., and Taylor, H.E., 1982, Leaching characteristics of ash from the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens Volcano, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-987, 30 p., ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82987.","productDescription":"30 p., ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0987/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39010,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0987/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a89b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David Burl","contributorId":90738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Burl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zielinski, Robert A. 0000-0002-4047-5129 rzielinski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":1593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"Robert","email":"rzielinski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":162753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":162754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11563,"text":"ofr80676 - 1982 - Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11563,"text":"ofr80676 - 1982 - Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr80676","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2880,"text":"wsp2214 - 1983 - Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2214","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2880,"text":"wsp2214 - 1983 - Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2214","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating peak discharges of small, rural streams in Massachusetts"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-09T15:49:04.64596","indexId":"ofr80676","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-676","title":"Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Floodflows on natural-flow streams in Massachusetts with drainage areas between 0.25 square miles and 260 square miles may be estimated from drainage area, main-channel slope, mean basin elevation, and the area of swamps, lakes, and ponds. Multiple-regression techniques were used to define the relationship between a suite of basin and climatic characteristics and flood peaks in three flood-frequency regions at a total of 95 sites. Station flood-frequency data were computed following guidelines in Bulletin I7A of the U.S. Water Resources Council. The frequency analyses are based upon weighted skew values, and adjustments for high and low outliers, and historic peak data. Regression equations for estimation of peak discharges for 0.5, 0.2, 0.1, 0.04, 0.02, and 0.01 exceedance probabilities are provided for ungaged sites. An improved sample of flood peaks and gaging stations and the definition of three flood-frequency regions reduced the standard error of estimate by about 5 percent over those for the 1977 relations. Included in this analysis were the synthetic flood-frequency data at eight sites computed using historic climatic data and 10 parameters optimized by calibration of the U.S. Geological Survey's rainfall-runoff model with storm data observed over II years. The equations are applicable to streams unaffected by regulation where the usable manmade storage is less than 4.5 million cubic feet per square mile, or by diversions or urbanization. The equations are restricted to sites where the basin indices are within a specified range outside of eastern Plymouth, Barnstable, Dukes or Nantucket Counties. In these areas, the available data do not adequately define the influence of high infiltration and storage capacities of drainage basins on floodflows.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80676","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Public Works and the U.S. Department of Highway Transportation, Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Wandle, S.W., 1982, Estimating peak discharges of small rural streams in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-676, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80676.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405034,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0676/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0676/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648677","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wandle, S. William Jr.","contributorId":99562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandle","given":"S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11564,"text":"ofr82566 - 1982 - Reconnaissance of stream biota and physical and chemical water quality in areas of selected land use in the coal-mining region, southwestern Indiana, 1979-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:42","indexId":"ofr82566","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-566","title":"Reconnaissance of stream biota and physical and chemical water quality in areas of selected land use in the coal-mining region, southwestern Indiana, 1979-80","docAbstract":"To help meet the goals of the Surface-Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, the U.S. Geological Survey is assessing the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of surface water within the coal-mining region of southwestern Indiana. This report discusses benthic-invertebrate and periphyticalgal communities in streams draining homogeneous-agricultural, forested, active/reclaimed-mine, reclaimed-mine, and unreclaimed-mine watersheds--and relates the biological communities to the physical and chemical characteristics of the streams. \r\n\r\nAlkalinity and pH were lower and the concentrations of dissolved solids, suspended solids, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate, iron, manganese, aluminum, and zinc were higher in unreclaimed-mine watersheds than in the other land-use watersheds. \r\n\r\nNumbers and community diversity of benthic invertebrates were less at sites affected by mining than at agricultural or forested sites, owing to (1) synergistic effects of low pH, metals, and unsuitable habitat and (2) lack of colonizing drift organisms because of the small drainage area upstream from the mined area. Only a few organisms, such as the caddisflies Cheumatopsyche and Hydropsyche and the chironomids Chironomus and Cricotopus were found in streams draining mine areas.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82566","usgsCitation":"Wangsness, D., 1982, Reconnaissance of stream biota and physical and chemical water quality in areas of selected land use in the coal-mining region, southwestern Indiana, 1979-80: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-566, vi, 48 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82566.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0566/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39434,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0566/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624adb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wangsness, D. J.","contributorId":54208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wangsness","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11568,"text":"ofr82844 - 1982 - Heat flow and subsurface temperatures in the Great Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:42","indexId":"ofr82844","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-844","title":"Heat flow and subsurface temperatures in the Great Valley, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82844","usgsCitation":"Wang, J., and Munroe, R.J., 1982, Heat flow and subsurface temperatures in the Great Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-844, 102 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82844.","productDescription":"102 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0844/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39438,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0844/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63cf0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Jiyang","contributorId":40612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Jiyang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munroe, Robert J.","contributorId":12039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munroe","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":163369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11217,"text":"ofr82178 - 1982 - Rb/Sr isotopic ratios in selected lower crust-upper mantle nodules from Colorado-Wyoming kimberlites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:36","indexId":"ofr82178","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-178","title":"Rb/Sr isotopic ratios in selected lower crust-upper mantle nodules from Colorado-Wyoming kimberlites","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82178","usgsCitation":"Smith, C., McCallum, M.E., and Hedge, C., 1982, Rb/Sr isotopic ratios in selected lower crust-upper mantle nodules from Colorado-Wyoming kimberlites: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-178, 22 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82178.","productDescription":"22 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0178/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39009,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0178/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648715","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, C.B.","contributorId":41834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCallum, M. E.","contributorId":34119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCallum","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hedge, C. E.","contributorId":73611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedge","given":"C. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11215,"text":"ofr82594 - 1982 - Reconnaissance investigation of evaporites and brines of the Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:36","indexId":"ofr82594","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-594","title":"Reconnaissance investigation of evaporites and brines of the Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"In the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from south of Al Hasa oasis (about lat 25? N., long 50? E.) north to near the southern border of the neutral zone between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait (about lat 28? N., long 48? E.), sabkhah-associated brines form either by solar evaporation of near-surface ground water or by dissolution of previously precipitated saline minerals in the subsurface. Most sabkhah-associated brines have evolved from fresher ground water by the process of solar evaporation. One of the major controls of sulfate, calcium, and bicarbonate concentrations in brines is equilibrium reactions of these ions with authigenic minerals in sabkhah sediments. Although equilibrium reactions also provide some control of concentrations of magnesium, potassium, sodium, and chlorine, the concentrations of these elements in brines are controlled primarily by the degree to which the solutions have evaporated. \r\n\r\nSalt for industrial use in the Eastern Province is currently supplied from the Ra's al Qurayyah and Aba al Hamam bedded salt deposits, both of which are naturally exposed. At Jayb Uwayyid, a bedded salt deposit approximately 3.5 m below the sabkhah surface is not currently exploited. \r\n\r\nExcept on a small scale, brines in the Eastern Province are not being utilized, either directly or for the production of salt. The Jayb Uwayyid deposit has some potential for industrial utilization of brine and salt, and further exploration for this type of salt deposit is probably warranted.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82594","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.L., 1982, Reconnaissance investigation of evaporites and brines of the Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-594, ii, 34 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82594.","productDescription":"ii, 34 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144523,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0594/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39006,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0594/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":39007,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0594/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626bc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, C. L.","contributorId":100842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}