{"pageNumber":"480","pageRowStart":"11975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184812,"records":[{"id":70224644,"text":"70224644 - 2021 - Ontogenetic trait shifts: Seedlings display high trait variability during early stages of development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T15:46:48.00453","indexId":"70224644","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-30T07:33:26","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ontogenetic trait shifts: Seedlings display high trait variability during early stages of development","docAbstract":"
  1. Characterizing variation in plant functional traits is often key to understanding community-level processes and predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change. Trait-based ecology has focused on interspecific trait variation, but sources and consequences of within-species ontogenetic trait variation, particularly during early stages of development, remain understudied.
  2. Using a manipulative greenhouse experiment, we investigated trait variation during early stages of seedling development in seven dominant perennial plant species in the western United States. We examined variability in key trait values (i.e. SLA, root:shoot ratio (RSR), specific root length (SRL) and root dry matter content (RDMC)) of 20- to 62-day-old seedlings grown under low and high levels of water availability. We also compared these to compiled trait databases to assess how representative these readily available data sources are of seedling trait values.
  3. Early seedling trait values shifted greatly during early stages of development and generally differed from average plant trait database values. Trait shifts were greatest in forbs versus grasses. Overall, observed trait shifts suggested a transition from fast-growing resource acquisitional strategies towards more slow-growing conservative strategies over time. For example, seedling SLA decreased while RSR and RDMC increased over time.
  4. That seedling trait values aconsistently differed from trait database values indicates that plant trait database values may be poor predictors of seedling trait values. Such mismatches in species trait information could result in inaccurate predictions of community assembly outcomes or incongruities between seedling traits and environmental filters experienced by seedlings during early stages of recruitment in applied settings.
  5. We suggest that additional work is needed to characterize intraspecific trait variation across plant ontogeny, and that this information should be incorporated into studies ranging from understanding early plant growth and survival to evaluating the outcomes of ecological restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.13897","usgsCitation":"Havrilla, C.A., Munson, S.M., Yackulic, C., and Butterfield, B.J., 2021, Ontogenetic trait shifts: Seedlings display high trait variability during early stages of development: Functional Ecology, v. 35, no. 11, p. 2409-2423, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13897.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2409","endPage":"2423","ipdsId":"IP-124284","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OKKJ1B","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Plant trait and soil moisture data associated with ontogenetic trait shifts - seedlings display high trait variability during early stages of development"},{"id":390102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Havrilla, Caroline Ann 0000-0003-3913-0980","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3913-0980","contributorId":228882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havrilla","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J. 0000-0003-0974-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-9811","contributorId":167009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24591,"text":"Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70223922,"text":"70223922 - 2021 - Approach for quantifying rare Earth elements at low keV","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-14T12:20:18.474414","indexId":"70223922","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-30T07:18:53","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2738,"text":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Approach for quantifying rare Earth elements at low keV","docAbstract":"The challenges of analyzing bastnaesite (REECO3F) and hydroxylbastnaesite (REECO3OH) include beam sensitivity, quantification of light elements in a heavy element matrix, the presence of elements that cannot be analyzed with EPMA (H), and the use of x-ray lines whose physical constants are not well known. To overcome some of these challenges, Ca, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm were analyzed at 15 keV accelerating voltage and the light elements (C, O, F) were analyzed at 7 keV accelerating voltage. This approach is ideal for samples that are homogeneous within the volume analyzed. However, for the bastnaesite of interest, this solution is unsatisfactory as backscattered electron imaging reveals chemical variations at scales of less than 1 m (fig. 1). Monte Carlo simulations and wavescans of the REE M family of x-rays were evaluated to determine the best analytical approach. \n\nMonte Carlo simulations using Casino v2.42 were ran on a substrate of CeCO3F with a density of 5.00 g/cm3 at 15 keV and 7 kCV accelerating voltage. Depth distribution curves, φ(ρz), reveal x-ray generation at 15 keV for the Ce L shell x-rays approaches 1.0 m whereas the depth of Ce M shell x-ray generation at 7 keV is less than 0.4 m. Similarly, the K shell x-ray generation depth for C, O, and F at 7 keV is also less than 0.4 m. These simulations demonstrate an accelerating voltage of 7 keV or less and use of the REE M x-rays is necessary to acquire chemical information from the same volume of material for the light and heavy elements. Bastnaesite contains all REE and therefore one must consider the energy of the highest x-ray line of interest, namely the Lu M at 1.83 kV, to achieve an overvoltage (Eo/Ec) of over 2. Bastnaesite is also an insulator and requires a conductive coating, therefore 7 keV was used to avoid contributions of the coating material to the analysis given the above constraints. \n\nThe USNM REE phosphate standards, Edinburgh REE glasses, CeO2, LaB6, and the metals of Sm, Dy, Gd, Er, and Yb were selected to evaluate the peak overlaps of the M family x-ray lines. The materials were coated with ~ 5nm iridium with a Leica ACE600 prior to analysis. Full spectrometer wavescans were collected at 7 keV accelerating voltage, 50 nA beam current, and 20 um beam diameter on a JEOL 8530F Plus using TAP and TAPL crystals. The step size was 0.109 mm along the length of the spectrometer with a dwell of 3 seconds at each step. M and M lines are broad and not individually resolved for the light REE but become more separated and sharper with increasing atomic number. M and M lines for each REE are also present across the spectrometer range further complicating peak interference corrections. The peak positions and overall shape for the Ce M and M lines vary with the coordination of the element. Significant shifts in position and shape were not observed when comparing the Ce M peaks of CeO2 and CePO4. Similar results were seen when comparing the available REE metal to the phosphate (Sm, Dy, Gd, Er, Yb). These wavescans suggest the use of the M or M lines if matrix matched standards are not available.","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S1431927621006802","usgsCitation":"Lowers, H.A., 2021, Approach for quantifying rare Earth elements at low keV: Microscopy and Microanalysis, v. 27, no. S1, p. 1864-1866, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927621006802.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1864","endPage":"1866","ipdsId":"IP-127175","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1431927621006802","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":191307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70239054,"text":"70239054 - 2021 - A seasonally dynamic model of light at the stream surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T12:39:17.474564","indexId":"70239054","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-30T06:36:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A seasonally dynamic model of light at the stream surface","docAbstract":"

Light is a primary constraint on primary production and drives many ecological processes in stream ecosystems, yet light regimes have received considerably less attention than other factors of the stream environment, such as hydrology or nutrient cycling. Light received by streams can be highly heterogeneous in both space and time resulting from changes in topography, channel characteristics, and riparian vegetation. Both the structure and phenology of riparian vegetation can be important determinants of the seasonality and magnitude of light reaching the stream surface, particularly in smaller forested streams. Despite the importance of riparian phenology on temporal patterns of stream light availability, existing models do not account for the seasonal dynamics of canopies. We developed a dynamic, biophysically based model (StreamLight) that incorporates canopy structure and phenology to predict light reaching the stream surface. We compared StreamLight to an existing model at 21 sites across the USA and found that, across sites, our biophysically based model produced light estimates that were more strongly correlated to observations and reduced the magnitude of errors in comparison to the existing model, particularly for streams that were relatively narrow compared to the height of riparian vegetation. Because smaller streams represent most global stream length, we expect that, in many smaller forested streams, the inclusion of canopy structure and phenology will enhance our ability to predict light regimes. We also used model simulations to examine the importance of controls on stream light environments and found that channel width was the strongest control on light environments. StreamLight represents an important incremental step forward in developing mechanistic models of river network productivity and in linking shifts in terrestrial vegetation structure and phenology to aquatic ecosystem productivity and thermal regimes.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/714270","usgsCitation":"Savoy, P., Bernhardt, E.S., Kirk, L., Cohen, M.J., and Heffernan, J.B., 2021, A seasonally dynamic model of light at the stream surface: Freshwater Science, v. 40, no. 2, p. 286-301, https://doi.org/10.1086/714270.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"301","ipdsId":"IP-115064","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/714270","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":410920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoy, Philip 0000-0002-6075-837X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6075-837X","contributorId":300288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoy","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernhardt, Emily. S","contributorId":300289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Emily.","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Lily","contributorId":300290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirk","given":"Lily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cohen, Matthew J.","contributorId":138990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cohen","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heffernan, James B. 0000-0001-7641-9949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7641-9949","contributorId":211189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heffernan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70223322,"text":"70223322 - 2021 - Storm-scale and seasonal dynamics of carbon export from a nested subarctic watershed underlain by permafrost","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T12:04:28.137925","indexId":"70223322","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T18:02:12","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7359,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Storm-scale and seasonal dynamics of carbon export from a nested subarctic watershed underlain by permafrost","docAbstract":"

Subarctic catchments underlain by permafrost sequester a major stock of frozen organic carbon (C), which may be mobilized as the Arctic warms. Warming can impact C export from thawing soils by altering the depth and timing of runoff related to changing storm and fire regimes and altered soil thaw depths. We investigated C export in a first order headwater stream (West Twin Creek) and its receiving third order river (Beaver Creek) in interior Alaska using discrete sampling of dissolved organic and inorganic C (DOC and DIC) and 15-min collection of specific conductance (SC), fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) and water discharge (Q). Storm SC-Q relationships displayed negative slopes, indicating solute limitation and limited influence of seasonal soil thaw on storm runoff chemistry. Concurrently, fDOM-Q displayed positive slopes that decreased over the summer, indicating flushing of a limited fDOM pool. Baseflow DIC increased over the season concurrent with soil thaw, with higher DIC at the larger scale indicating greater influence of deeper, mineral-rich flow paths. Storm and seasonal trends were generally similar at both scales. The biggest difference was in fDOM, which displayed higher concentrations and slower depletion in the first order stream. Improved process understanding from this study can be used to better predict carbon export and cycling by stream networks as northern forests and arctic regions continue to warm.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021jg006268","usgsCitation":"Koch, J.C., Dornblaser, M., and Striegl, R., 2021, Storm-scale and seasonal dynamics of carbon export from a nested subarctic watershed underlain by permafrost: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, v. 126, no. 8, e2021JG006268, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jg006268.","productDescription":"e2021JG006268, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125754","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jg006268","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River, Beaver Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 65.45826097864811\n ],\n [\n -144.0087890625,\n 65.45826097864811\n ],\n [\n -144.0087890625,\n 67.28901521116026\n ],\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 67.28901521116026\n ],\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 65.45826097864811\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dornblaser, Mark 0000-0002-6298-3757","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-3757","contributorId":220741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Rob 0000-0002-8251-4659","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":264605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Striegl","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":37374,"text":"Retired USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228920,"text":"70228920 - 2021 - Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-25T12:02:16.385365","indexId":"70228920","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T14:51:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill","title":"Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill","docAbstract":"

Oil spills represent a continued threat to marine wildlife. Although the public expects, and the State of California, US requires, oiled animals to be rescued for rehabilitation and release, scientists have questioned the welfare and conservation value of capture and rehabilitation of oiled wildlife, based on poor postrelease survival documented in the few available studies. In May 2015, Plains Pipeline 901 spilled >100,000 gallons of oil near Refugio State Beach, California. Many California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) were oiled; capture and rehabilitation efforts began within 1 d. Ultimately, 65 live birds were captured, including 50 pelicans. Forty-six pelicans survived and were released. Of these, 12 adults (six male, six female) were fitted with solar-powered GPS satellite Platform Terminal Transmitters (PTT) and released in June 2015. In early July, we captured eight adult (three male, four female, one unknown), unoiled pelicans from the Ventura, California area. These control birds were similarly instrumented and released immediately. At 6 mo after release, PTTs from nine of 12 oiled pelicans and six of eight control pelicans were still transmitting; at 1 yr, those numbers decreased to two of 12 and two of eight, respectively. Survival analysis revealed no difference in survival between oiled and control birds. Although our sample size is limited, these data demonstrate that most oiled and rehabilitated pelicans can survive for 6 mo following release, and some individuals can survive over 1 yr.

","language":"English","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-20-00171","usgsCitation":"Fiorello, C., Jodice, P.G., Lamb, J., Satgé, Y., Mills, K., and Ziccardi, M., 2021, Post-release survival of California brown pelicans (Pelecanus Occidentalis Californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation after the Refugio oil spill: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 57, no. 3, p. 590-600, https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-20-00171.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"590","endPage":"600","ipdsId":"IP-119138","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/jwd-d-20-00171","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396455,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Gaviota Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.37033081054688,\n 34.38197934098774\n ],\n [\n -120.1667,\n 34.38197934098774\n ],\n [\n -120.1667,\n 34.55011476000879\n ],\n [\n -120.37033081054688,\n 34.55011476000879\n ],\n [\n -120.37033081054688,\n 34.38197934098774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fiorello, C. V.","contributorId":212006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fiorello","given":"C. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":219852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamb, J. S.","contributorId":270975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamb","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Satgé, Y. G.","contributorId":265430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satgé","given":"Y. G.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mills, K.","contributorId":280025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36629,"text":"University of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ziccardi, M.","contributorId":212007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ziccardi","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70229668,"text":"70229668 - 2021 - Steppe eagle Aquila nipalensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-14T16:49:18.287418","indexId":"70229668","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T11:48:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"11","title":"Steppe eagle Aquila nipalensis","docAbstract":"

The steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis) is a globally endangered, full migrant raptor that breeds in the southern temperate zone from European Russia in the west to eastern Mongolia, Dauria and adjacent north-eastern China in the east. It winters in Africa, the Middle East and Southern and South-Eastern Asia, and migrations can sometimes entail journeys > 10,000 km in length. Kazakhstan, Russia and Mongolia are the breeding strongholds. Declines in the breeding population, which are estimated to total 50-60%, are most obvious in Europe. Migration occurs during August-October, and again during February–April. For some populations, migration paths form notable clockwise loops, as steppe eagles use different seasonal flyways to avoid barriers such as the Red Sea, the Gobi Desert or the Himalayas. Threats to the population include loss of habitat, persecution, inadvertent poisoning, and electrocution. Very large aggregations settle at anthropogenically-generated waste disposal sites, and these sometimes provide potential for mass poisonings and increased risk of electrocution. Creation of new waste disposal sites may have caused changes in the wintering distribution of steppe eagles in recent decades. Robust regional and range-wide population estimates are lacking, as are important details about food availability and risk of poisoning and electrocution, and these gaps undermine effective management.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"McGrady, M.J., Bragin, E.A., Karyakin, I., Batbayar, N., and Katzner, T., 2021, Steppe eagle Aquila nipalensis, chap. 11 of Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118355","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGrady, Michael J.","contributorId":189117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGrady","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bragin, Evgeny A.","contributorId":194894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bragin","given":"Evgeny","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35656,"text":"Science Department, Naurzum National Nature Reserve, Kostanay Oblast, Naurzumski Raijon, Karamendy, Kazakhstan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karyakin, Igor","contributorId":288423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karyakin","given":"Igor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61753,"text":"Sibecocenter LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batbayar, Nyambaya","contributorId":181791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batbayar","given":"Nyambaya","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70229669,"text":"70229669 - 2021 - Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-14T16:45:34.055082","indexId":"70229669","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T11:27:57","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"26","title":"Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus","docAbstract":"

Red-footed falcons (Falco vespertinus) are a small, long-distance and obligate migrant falcon that breeds at the forest-steppe interface in Eurasia and winters in Southern Africa. Research carried out with geolocators and satellite transmitters show that during the southbound migration Central Asian birds migrate through the Caucasus and the Middle East, while those from Eastern Europe cross the Eastern Mediterranean. Once in Africa, they cross the Sahara, the Sahel, where they perform short stopovers, and the Congo rainforest or the Rift valley, heading towards the wintering grounds. Northbound migration involves stopovers in West Africa and long crossings over the Mediterranean Sea. Both visual observations and tracking studies show that at least some populations of the species perform a clockwise loop migration that involves extensive longitudinal movements and. for some sub-populations, crossing the Central Mediterranean only during spring. Pre-breeding migration has a longer duration than post-breeding migration, probably because stopovers are longer and wind assistance lower. Red-footed falcons also face substantial anthropogenic threats along migration, particularly the risk of shooting at migratory bottlenecks.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Katzner, T., Bragin, E.A., and Miller, T.A., 2021, Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus, chap. 26 of Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-104711","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bragin, Evgeny A.","contributorId":194894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bragin","given":"Evgeny","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35656,"text":"Science Department, Naurzum National Nature Reserve, Kostanay Oblast, Naurzumski Raijon, Karamendy, Kazakhstan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Tricia A.","contributorId":190591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Tricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16210,"text":"Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70222117,"text":"70222117 - 2021 - Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-09T16:41:58.050387","indexId":"70222117","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T11:12:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA","title":"Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA","docAbstract":"

Several mortality events involving barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) were reported in the Upper Midwestern states in 2017 and 2018. Barn swallow mortality followed unseasonal cold snaps, with the primary cause of death being emaciation with concurrent air sac nematodiasis. Lesions in cliff swallows were consistent with blunt force trauma from suspected car impacts. Examination of air sac nematodes from both bird species revealed morphological characters consistent with Diplotriaena obtusa. Sequence analysis of the partial 18S rRNA gene indicated the samples clustered with other species in the genus Diplotriaena. These nematodes provide a link between morphological specimens and DNA sequence data for D. obtusa.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/19-76","usgsCitation":"Michalski, M., Kadolph, E., Roderick, C., Lankton, J.S., and Cole, R.A., 2021, Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) collected during mortality events in the Upper Midwest, USA: Journal of Parasitology, v. 107, no. 4, p. 593-599, https://doi.org/10.1645/19-76.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"593","endPage":"599","ipdsId":"IP-107110","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1645/19-76","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Minnesota, Nebraska, South Dakota","city":"Cold Spring, Sioux Falls","otherGeospatial":"Grand Lake, Lewis and Clark State Recreation Area, Pleasant Valley Township","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.60348320007324,\n 42.83015652099459\n ],\n [\n -97.56580352783203,\n 42.83015652099459\n ],\n [\n -97.56580352783203,\n 42.84198920544056\n ],\n [\n -97.60348320007324,\n 42.84198920544056\n ],\n [\n -97.60348320007324,\n 42.83015652099459\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.92550659179688,\n 43.35214549645439\n ],\n [\n -96.70852661132812,\n 43.35214549645439\n ],\n [\n -96.70852661132812,\n 43.511708955963776\n ],\n [\n -96.92550659179688,\n 43.511708955963776\n ],\n [\n -96.92550659179688,\n 43.35214549645439\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.06900787353516,\n 42.194951362905265\n ],\n [\n -89.9948501586914,\n 42.194951362905265\n ],\n [\n -89.9948501586914,\n 42.24808928105648\n ],\n [\n -90.06900787353516,\n 42.24808928105648\n ],\n [\n -90.06900787353516,\n 42.194951362905265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.4601058959961,\n 45.39820890405686\n ],\n [\n -94.30492401123047,\n 45.39820890405686\n ],\n [\n -94.30492401123047,\n 45.47048444989679\n ],\n [\n -94.4601058959961,\n 45.47048444989679\n ],\n [\n -94.4601058959961,\n 45.39820890405686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalski, Michelle","contributorId":261249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalski","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52783,"text":"University WI Oshkosh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kadolph, Emily","contributorId":261250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kadolph","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52783,"text":"University WI Oshkosh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roderick, Constance 0000-0001-8330-8024","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-8024","contributorId":215346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roderick","given":"Constance","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lankton, Julia S. 0000-0002-6843-4388 jlankton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-4388","contributorId":5888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lankton","given":"Julia","email":"jlankton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cole, Rebecca A. 0000-0003-2923-1622 rcole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1622","contributorId":2873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Rebecca","email":"rcole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70221754,"text":"70221754 - 2021 - Using the DRCOG 2018 pilot land use land cover data to predict urban air temperature in the Denver metro area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-15T15:42:12.114323","indexId":"70221754","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T10:40:02","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9345,"text":"Denver Regional Data Consortium Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":30}},"title":"Using the DRCOG 2018 pilot land use land cover data to predict urban air temperature in the Denver metro area","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Denver Regional Council of Governments","usgsCitation":"Ibsen, P.C., 2021, Using the DRCOG 2018 pilot land use land cover data to predict urban air temperature in the Denver metro area: Denver Regional Data Consortium Newsletter, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-130771","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":389268,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://drcog.org/services-and-resources/data-maps-and-modeling/regional-land-use-land-cover-project"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.28472900390625,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -104.57199096679688,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -104.57199096679688,\n 40.042334918180536\n ],\n [\n -105.28472900390625,\n 40.042334918180536\n ],\n [\n -105.28472900390625,\n 39.42770738465604\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ibsen, Peter Christian 0000-0002-3436-9100","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-9100","contributorId":260735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibsen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224300,"text":"70224300 - 2021 - FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem database and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-21T15:05:21.492772","indexId":"70224300","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T09:56:48","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1426,"text":"Earth System Science Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem database and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands","title":"FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem database and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands","docAbstract":"

Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in the absolute magnitude and the seasonality of emission quantities and drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of CH4 flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale CH4 emissions due to quasi-continuous and high-temporal-resolution CH4 flux measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, and energy flux measurements, lack of ecosystem disturbance, and increased availability of datasets over the last decade. Here, we (1) describe the newly published dataset, FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0, the first open-source global dataset of CH4 EC measurements (available at https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/, last access: 7 April 2021). FLUXNET-CH4 includes half-hourly and daily gap-filled and non-gap-filled aggregated CH4 fluxes and meteorological data from 79 sites globally: 42 freshwater wetlands, 6 brackish and saline wetlands, 7 formerly drained ecosystems, 7 rice paddy sites, 2 lakes, and 15 uplands. Then, we (2) evaluate FLUXNET-CH4 representativeness for freshwater wetland coverage globally because the majority of sites in FLUXNET-CH4 Version 1.0 are freshwater wetlands which are a substantial source of total atmospheric CH4 emissions; and (3) we provide the first global estimates of the seasonal variability and seasonality predictors of freshwater wetland CH4 fluxes. Our representativeness analysis suggests that the freshwater wetland sites in the dataset cover global wetland bioclimatic attributes (encompassing energy, moisture, and vegetation-related parameters) in arctic, boreal, and temperate regions but only sparsely cover humid tropical regions. Seasonality metrics of wetland CH4 emissions vary considerably across latitudinal bands. In freshwater wetlands (except those between 20∘ S to 20∘ N) the spring onset of elevated CH4 emissions starts 3 d earlier, and the CH4 emission season lasts 4 d longer, for each degree Celsius increase in mean annual air temperature. On average, the spring onset of increasing CH4 emissions lags behind soil warming by 1 month, with very few sites experiencing increased CH4 emissions prior to the onset of soil warming. In contrast, roughly half of these sites experience the spring onset of rising CH4 emissions prior to the spring increase in gross primary productivity (GPP). The timing of peak summer CH4 emissions does not correlate with the timing for either peak summer temperature or peak GPP. Our results provide seasonality parameters for CH4 modeling and highlight seasonality metrics that cannot be predicted by temperature or GPP (i.e., seasonality of CH4 peak). FLUXNET-CH4 is a powerful new resource for diagnosing and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems and climate drivers in the global CH4 cycle, and future additions of sites in tropical ecosystems and site years of data collection will provide added value to this database. All seasonality parameters are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672601 (Delwiche et al., 2021). Additionally, raw FLUXNET-CH4 data used to extract seasonality parameters can be downloaded from https://fluxnet.org/data/fluxnet-ch4-community-product/ (last access: 7 April 2021), and a complete list of the 79 individual site data DOIs is provided in Table 2 of this paper.

","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021","usgsCitation":"Delwiche, K.B., Knox, S., Malhotra, A., Fluet-Chouinard, E., McNicol, G., Feron, S., Ouyang, Z., Papale, D., Trotta, C., Canfora, E., Cheah, Y., Christianson, D., Alberto, M.C., Alekseychik, P., Aurela, M., Baldocchi, D., Bansal, S., Billesbach, D.P., Bohrer, G., Bracho, R., Buchmann, N., Campbell, D.I., Celis, G., Chen, W., Chen, J., Chu, H., Dalmagro, H.J., Dengel, S., Desai, A.R., Detto, M., Dolman, H., Eichelmann, E., Euskirchen, E.S., Famulari, D., Fuchs, K., Goeckede, M., Gogo, S., Gondwe, M., Goodrich, J.P., Gottschalk, P., Graham, S.L., Heimann, M., Helbig, M., Helfter, C., Hemes, K.S., Hirano, T., Hollinger, D., Hortnagl, L., Iwata, H., Jacotot, A., Jansen, J., Jurasinski, G., Kang, M., Kasak, K., King, J., Klatt, J., Koebsch, F., Krauss, K., Lai, D.Y., Lohila, A., Mammarella, I., Marchesini, L.B., Manca, G., Matthes, J.H., Maximov, T., Merbold, L., Mitra, B., Morin, T.H., Nemitz, E., Nilsson, M.B., Niu, S., Oechel, W.C., Oikawa, P.Y., Ono, K., Peichl, M., Peltola, O., Reba, M.L., Richardson, A.D., Riley, W., Runkle, B.R., Ryu, Y., Sachs, T., Sakabe, A., Sanchez, C.R., Schuur, E.A., Schafer, K.V., Sonnentag, O., Sparks, J.P., Stuart-Haëntjens, E., Sturtevant, C., Sullivan, R.C., Szutu, D., Thom, J.E., Torn, M.S., Tuittila, E., Turner, J., Ueyama, M., Valach, A.C., Vargas, R., Varlagin, A., Vazquez-Lule, A., Verfaillie, J.G., Vesala, T., Vourlitis, G.L., Ward, E., Wille, C., Wohlfahrt, G., Xhuan Wong, G., Zhang, Z., Zona, D., Windham-Myers, L., Poulter, B., and Jackson, R.B., 2021, FLUXNET-CH4: A global, multi-ecosystem database and analysis of methane seasonality from freshwater wetlands: Earth System Science Data, v. 13, p. 3607-3689, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3607-2021.","productDescription":"83 p.","startPage":"3607","endPage":"3689","ipdsId":"IP-122238","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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Background

The 2015 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N2 clade 2.3.4.4 outbreak in upper midwestern U.S. poultry operations was not detected in wild birds to any great degree during the outbreak, despite wild waterfowl being implicated in the introduction, reassortment, and movement of the virus into North America from Asia. This outbreak led to the demise of over 50 million domestic birds and occurred mainly during the northward spring migration of adult avian populations.

Objectives

There have been no experimental examinations of the pathogenesis, transmission, and population impacts of this virus in adult wild waterfowl with varying exposure histories—the most relevant age class.

Methods

We captured, housed, and challenged adult wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) with HPAIV H5N2 clade 2.3.4.4 and measured viral infection, viral excretion, and transmission to other mallards.

Results

All inoculated birds became infected and excreted moderate amounts of virus, primarily orally, for up to 14 days. Cohoused, uninoculated birds also all became infected. Serological status had no effect on susceptibility. There were no obvious clinical signs of disease, and all birds survived to the end of the study (14 days).

Conclusions

Based on these results, adult mallards are viable hosts of HPAIV H5N2 regardless of prior exposure history and are capable of transporting the virus over short and long distances. These findings have implications for surveillance efforts. The capture and sampling of wild waterfowl in the spring, when most surveillance programs are not operating, are important to consider in the design of future HPAIV surveillance programs.

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The geological record shows that abrupt changes in the Earth system can occur on timescales short enough to challenge the capacity of human societies to adapt to environmental pressures. In many cases, abrupt changes arise from slow changes in one component of the Earth system that eventually pass a critical threshold, or tipping point, after which impacts cascade through coupled climate–ecological–social systems. The chance of detecting abrupt changes and tipping points increases with the length of observations. The geological record provides the only long-term information we have on the conditions and processes that can drive physical, ecological and social systems into new states or organizational structures that may be irreversible within human time frames. Here, we use well-documented abrupt changes of the past 30 kyr to illustrate how their impacts cascade through the Earth system. We review useful indicators of upcoming abrupt changes, or early warning signals, and provide a perspective on the contributions of palaeoclimate science to the understanding of abrupt changes in the Earth system.


","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41561-021-00790-5","usgsCitation":"Brovkin, V., Brook, E.J., Williams, J., Bathiany, S., Lenton, T., Barton, M., DeConto, R., Donges, J., Ganopolski, A., McManus, J., Praetorius, S.K., de Vernal, A., Abe-Ouchi, A., Cheng, H., Claussen, M., Crucifix, M., Iglesias, V., Kaufman, D.S., Kleinen, T., Lambert, F., van der Leeuw, S., Liddy, H., Loutre, M., McGee, D., Rehfeld, K., Rhodes, R.H., Seddon, A.W., Vanderveken, L., and Yu, Z., 2021, Past abrupt changes, tipping points and cascading impacts in the Earth system: Nature Geoscience, v. 14, p. 550-558, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00790-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"550","endPage":"558","ipdsId":"IP-113420","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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Eastern imperial eagles are a short-, medium-distance, partially-migratory, or even non-migratory, raptor that breeds at the forest-steppe interface in Eurasia and winters in Northern Africa, the Middle East or South Asia. Migratory strategies of imperial eagles are diverse. Eagles breeding in Central and Southeast Europe and south of the Black Sea usually are year-round residents or partial- or short- distance migrants that winter in the Balkan Peninsula, Northern Africa, or western parts of the Middle East. Eagles that summer to the east of the Black Sea are usually medium-distance migrants that winter in the Middle East or south Asia. Migration tends to follow topographic features, avoids water-crossings and, especially for young birds, may be intermittent and indirect. Populations of imperial eagles are small, in decline in some parts of the distribution, and the species faces a large number of threats including electrocution, persecution, and capture for sale in markets.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Bragin, E., Horvath, M., Poessel, S.A., and Katzner, T., 2021, Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca, chap. 12 of Migration strategies of birds of prey in sestern Palearctic, 8 p,.","productDescription":"8 p,","ipdsId":"IP-112041","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bragin, Evgeny","contributorId":288428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bragin","given":"Evgeny","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horvath, Marton","contributorId":288429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horvath","given":"Marton","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poessel, Sharon A. 0000-0002-0283-627X spoessel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0283-627X","contributorId":168465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poessel","given":"Sharon","email":"spoessel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70236722,"text":"70236722 - 2021 - Late Holocene slip rate of the Mojave section of the San Andreas Fault near Palmdale, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-16T12:28:22.314471","indexId":"70236722","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T07:25:02","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Holocene slip rate of the Mojave section of the San Andreas Fault near Palmdale, California","docAbstract":"

The geologic slip rate on the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault is poorly constrained, despite its importance for understanding earthquake hazard, apparent discrepancies between geologic and geodetic slip rates along this fault section, and long‐term fault interactions in southern California. Here, we use surficial geologic mapping, excavations, and radiocarbon and luminescence dating to quantify the displacements and ages of late Holocene landforms offset by the fault at three sites. At the Ranch Center site, the slip rate is determined using the base of a fan marking incision and deflection of an ephemeral channel. At the adjacent Key Slide site, the margin of a landslide deposited on indigenous fire hearths provides a minimum rate. At the X‐12 site, the slip rate is determined from a channel that incised into a broad fan surface, and is deflected and beheaded by the fault. We use maximum–minimum bounds on both the displacement and age of each offset feature to calculate slip rate for each site independently. Overlap of the three independent rate ranges yields a rate of 33–39 mm/yr over the last 3 ka, under the assumption that the sites share a common history, given their proximity. Considered in sequence, site‐level epistemic uncertainties in the data permit but do not require a rate increase since ∼1200 cal B.P. Modest rate changes can be explained by aleatory variability in earthquake timing and magnitude; larger changes could suggest a shared regional variation with the Garlock and other faults. The new late Holocene slip rates are consistent with geodetic model estimates that include a viscoelastic crust and earthquake cycle effects. The geologic slip rates also provide average slip over dozens of earthquake cycles—a key constraint for long‐term earthquake rupture forecasts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200278","usgsCitation":"Young, E., Cowgill, E., Scharer, K., Anderson-Merritt, E., Keen-Zebert, A., and Weldon, R.J., 2021, Late Holocene slip rate of the Mojave section of the San Andreas Fault near Palmdale, California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 111, no. 6, p. 3204-3225, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200278.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"3204","endPage":"3225","ipdsId":"IP-126803","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Palmdale","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.97918701171876,\n 34.252676117101515\n ],\n [\n -117.333984375,\n 34.252676117101515\n ],\n [\n -117.333984375,\n 35.07046911981966\n ],\n [\n -118.97918701171876,\n 35.07046911981966\n ],\n [\n -118.97918701171876,\n 34.252676117101515\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"111","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, Elaine","contributorId":296630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Elaine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cowgill, Eric","contributorId":192850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cowgill","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scharer, Katherine M. 0000-0003-2811-2496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-2496","contributorId":217361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharer","given":"Katherine M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson-Merritt, Emery","contributorId":296632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson-Merritt","given":"Emery","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keen-Zebert, Amanda","contributorId":224228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keen-Zebert","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40841,"text":"University of Nevada Reno / Desert Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weldon, Ray J.","contributorId":175463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weldon","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70223233,"text":"70223233 - 2021 - Adult sockeye salmon responses to transplanting upstream of an impassable dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T17:15:45.339535","indexId":"70223233","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T07:14:17","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adult sockeye salmon responses to transplanting upstream of an impassable dam","docAbstract":"

The Yakama Nation manages a program for reintroducing Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka upstream of Cle Elum Dam in the Yakima River basin. The program involves transplanting of a mix of adult Sockeye Salmon from two middle Columbia River donor stocks, Lake Wenatchee (WEN) and Osoyoos Lake (OSO), with the goal of establishing a self-sustaining population in the basin. In 2017, a subset of the transplanted population was radio-tagged and monitored to assess stock-specific responses to transplanting, including downstream entrainment at Cle Elum Dam (“fallback”) and prespawn mortality. Tagged fish were active during the first two weeks after release: some fish moved upstream into the Cle Elum River and then returned to the reservoir; other fish moved downstream and passed Cle Elum Dam. Movement within the study area diminished during August but increased in September when fish began migrating up the Cle Elum River for spawning. A greater proportion of WEN fish (76.3%) were detected entering the river compared to OSO fish (53.9%). The hazard ratio from a multistate analysis of fish behavior indicated that WEN fish were nine times more likely to enter the river than OSO fish. The WEN fish also initiated upstream movement three weeks earlier than OSO fish. We found that 27.0% of all tagged fish were lost to the spawning population through fallback (20.7%) and prespawn mortality (6.3%). Fallback and pre-spawn mortality occurred for a greater percentage of OSO fish (26.9% and 7.7%) than WEN fish (15.3% and 5.1%) but these differences were not statistically different. These results provide foundational information from the early phase of a reintroduction effort. Continued monitoring will be required as Sockeye Salmon evolve to conditions upstream of Cle Elum Dam, and results from these efforts will provide valuable insights for this reintroduction effort and others in river systems with similar characteristics.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10675","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Evans, S., Saluskin, B.P., Matala, A.P., Visser, R., Johnston, M., Galbreath, P.F., and Pope, A., 2021, Adult sockeye salmon responses to transplanting upstream of an impassable dam: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 41, no. 6, p. 1640-1651, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10675.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1640","endPage":"1651","ipdsId":"IP-129926","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10675","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cle Elum Dam, Cle Elum River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.12701416015624,\n 47.23821935972681\n ],\n [\n -121.05422973632814,\n 47.23821935972681\n ],\n [\n -121.05422973632814,\n 47.41275567091137\n ],\n [\n -121.12701416015624,\n 47.41275567091137\n ],\n [\n -121.12701416015624,\n 47.23821935972681\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":214550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":220390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saluskin, Brian P.","contributorId":264408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saluskin","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":54464,"text":"Yakama Nation Fisheries, 800 Spring Chinook Way, Post Office Box 836, Cle Elum, Washington 98922","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matala, Andrew P.","contributorId":167147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matala","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13314,"text":"Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Visser, Richard","contributorId":223646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Visser","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnston, Mark.V.","contributorId":264409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnston","given":"Mark.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54466,"text":"Yakama Nation Fisheries, 771 Pence Road, Yakima, Washington 98902","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Galbreath, Peter F.","contributorId":264410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galbreath","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":54467,"text":"Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, 700 Northeast Multnomah Street, Suite 1200, Portland, Oregon 97232","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pope, Adam C. 0000-0002-7253-2247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-2247","contributorId":223237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Adam","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70236257,"text":"70236257 - 2021 - Pervasive changes in stream intermittency across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-31T12:19:33.492653","indexId":"70236257","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-29T07:11:28","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pervasive changes in stream intermittency across the United States","docAbstract":"

Non-perennial streams are widespread, critical to ecosystems and society, and the subject of ongoing policy debate. Prior large-scale research on stream intermittency has been based on long-term averages, generally using annually aggregated data to characterize a highly variable process. As a result, it is not well understood if, how, or why the hydrology of non-perennial streams is changing. Here, we investigate trends and drivers of three intermittency signatures that describe the duration, timing, and dry-down period of stream intermittency across the continental United States (CONUS). Half of gages exhibited a significant trend through time in at least one of the three intermittency signatures, and changes in no-flow duration were most pervasive (41% of gages). Changes in intermittency were substantial for many streams, and 7% of gages exhibited changes in annual no-flow duration exceeding 100 days during the study period. Distinct regional patterns of change were evident, with widespread drying in southern CONUS and wetting in northern CONUS. These patterns are correlated with changes in aridity, though drivers of spatiotemporal variability were diverse across the three intermittency signatures. While the no-flow timing and duration were strongly related to climate, dry-down period was most strongly related to watershed land use and physiography. Our results indicate that non-perennial conditions are increasing in prevalence over much of CONUS and binary classifications of 'perennial' and 'non-perennial' are not an accurate reflection of this change. Water management and policy should reflect the changing nature and diverse drivers of changing intermittency both today and in the future.

","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ac14ec","usgsCitation":"Zipper, S., Hammond, J., Shanafield, M., Zimmer, M., Datry, T., Jones, C.N., Kaiser, K.E., Godsey, S., Burrow, R., Blaszczak, J., Busch, M., Price, A.N., Boersma, K., Ward, A., Costigan, K., Allen, G.H., Krabbenhoft, C., Dodds, W., Mims, M.C., Olden, J., Kampf, S.K., Burgin, A.J., and Allen, D., 2021, Pervasive changes in stream intermittency across the United States: Environmental Research Letters, v. 16, no. 8, 084033, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac14ec.","productDescription":"084033, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126458","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac14ec","text":"Publisher Index 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The Wind River Basin in Wyoming is one of many structural and sedimentary basins that formed in the Rocky Mountain foreland during the Laramide orogeny in the latest Cretaceous through the early Eocene. The basin (bounded by the Washakie, Owl Creek, and Bighorn uplifts on the north, the Casper arch on the east, the Granite Mountains uplift on the south, and Wind River uplift on the west) encompasses about 7,400 square miles in central Wyoming.

The two stratigraphic cross sections presented in this report were constructed as part of a project carried out by the U.S. Geological Survey to characterize and evaluate the undiscovered continuous (unconventional) oil and gas resources of the Mowry Shale in the Wind River Basin in central Wyoming. The purpose of the cross sections is to show the stratigraphic relationship of the Mowry Shale and associated Lower and lowermost Upper Cretaceous strata in the Wind River Basin. These two cross sections were constructed using borehole geophysical logs from 41 wells drilled for oil and gas exploration and production, and one research well that was cored and logged by the U.S. Geological Survey. Both lines originate at Sheldon Dome in the northwestern part of the basin and end near Bates Creek in the extreme southeastern part of the basin. The stratigraphic interval extends from the uppermost part of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation to the basal part of the Upper Cretaceous Frontier Formation. The datum is the top of the Clay Spur Bentonite Bed, a distinctive bed at the top of the Upper Cretaceous Mowry Shale. A gamma ray and (or) spontaneous potential log was used in combination with a resistivity log to identify and correlate units.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3476","usgsCitation":"Finn, T.M., 2021, Stratigraphic cross sections of the Mowry Shale and associated strata in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3476, 1 sheet,14-p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3476.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 14 p.; 1 Sheet: 59.67 x 28.80 inches; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-122529","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387326,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Y7SLB6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tops file for the Mowry Shale and associated strata in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming"},{"id":387325,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3476/sim3476_sheet.pdf","text":"Sheet—","size":"1.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3476 Sheet","linkHelpText":"Stratigraphic Cross Sections of the Mowry Shale and Associated Strata in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming"},{"id":387324,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3476/sim3476_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3476 Pamphlet"},{"id":387323,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3476/coverthb_sheet.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wind River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.35791015625,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -109.5556640625,\n 43.75522505306928\n ],\n [\n -109.8193359375,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -109.31396484375,\n 42.73087427928485\n ],\n [\n -109.13818359375,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -108.12744140625,\n 42.24478535602799\n ],\n [\n -107.8857421875,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -107.07275390625,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -106.23779296875,\n 42.114523952464246\n ],\n [\n -105.97412109375,\n 42.049292638686836\n ],\n [\n -105.71044921875,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -105.75439453125,\n 42.4234565179383\n ],\n [\n -106.01806640624999,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -106.63330078125,\n 43.08493742707592\n ],\n [\n -108.08349609375,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -109.35791015625,\n 43.644025847699496\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046

","tableOfContents":"","publishedDate":"2021-07-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Thomas M. 0000-0001-6396-9351 finn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-9351","contributorId":778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Thomas","email":"finn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70222415,"text":"fs20213033 - 2021 - The Everglades vulnerability analysis—Integrating ecological models and addressing uncertainty","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-30T12:12:10.313223","indexId":"fs20213033","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T13:59:48","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-3033","displayTitle":"The Everglades Vulnerability Analysis: Integrating Ecological Models and Addressing Uncertainty","title":"The Everglades vulnerability analysis—Integrating ecological models and addressing uncertainty","docAbstract":"

The Everglades vulnerability analysis (EVA) is a project led by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Park Service and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to accomplish one of the science goals of Restoration Coordination & Verification (RECOVER), a multiagency group responsible for providing scientific and technical evaluations and assessments for improving the ability of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan to restore, preserve, and protect the south Florida ecosystem while providing for the region’s other water-related needs. In 2016, RECOVER acknowledged the need for a tool that could synthesize the decades of Everglades ecosystem science and identify areas vulnerable to changing conditions on the landscape. The EVA tool answers this need through a landscape-scale modeling framework that provides annual responses and relative vulnerability for a suite of indicators of Everglades ecosystem health.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213033","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"D’Acunto, L.E., Romañach, S.S., Haider, S.M., Hackett, C.E., Nestler, J.H., Shinde, D., and Pearlstine, L.G., 2021, The Everglades vulnerability analysis—Integrating ecological models and addressing uncertainty: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021–3033, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213033.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-127682","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3033/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":387502,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3033/fs20213033.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.05 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2021–3033"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.859130859375,\n 25.90864446329127\n ],\n [\n -81.49658203125,\n 25.224820176765036\n ],\n [\n -80.88134765625,\n 24.956180020055925\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 25.005972656239187\n ],\n [\n -79.815673828125,\n 26.578702269100557\n ],\n [\n -81.968994140625,\n 26.578702269100557\n ],\n [\n -81.859130859375,\n 25.90864446329127\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.694580078125,\n 25.839449402063185\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 25.839449402063185\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 25.859223554761407\n ],\n [\n -80.694580078125,\n 25.859223554761407\n ],\n [\n -80.694580078125,\n 25.839449402063185\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
7920 NW 71st St.
Gainesville, FL 32653

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","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-07-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Acunto, Laura E. 0000-0001-6227-0143","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6227-0143","contributorId":261399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Acunto","given":"Laura E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romanach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":140419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanach","given":"Stephanie","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haider, Saira M. 0000-0001-9306-3454","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-3454","contributorId":257520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haider","given":"Saira","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hackett, Caitlin E. 0000-0003-3934-4321","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3934-4321","contributorId":261435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackett","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nestler, Jennifer H. 0000-0003-4552-1734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4552-1734","contributorId":225643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nestler","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":41177,"text":"Cherokee Federal, contracted to Everglades National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shinde, Dilip","contributorId":261436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shinde","given":"Dilip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pearlstine, Leonard G.","contributorId":34751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearlstine","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70222428,"text":"fs20213040 - 2021 - Quality of groundwater used for domestic supply in the northern San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-30T12:25:06.69798","indexId":"fs20213040","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T13:50:26","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-3040","displayTitle":"Quality of Groundwater Used for Domestic Supply in the Northern San Joaquin Valley, California","title":"Quality of groundwater used for domestic supply in the northern San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"

Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California’s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project (PBP) of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State’s groundwater quality and provides increased public access to groundwater-quality information. Private domestic and small-system drinking-water wells in the Northern San Joaquin Valley (NSJV) were the target for this assessment. These wells tend to pump water from shallower parts of alluvial aquifers compared to deeper, long-screened public-supply wells in the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213040","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Levy, Z.F., Balkan, M., and Shelton, J.L., 2021, Quality of groundwater used for domestic supply in the northern San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021-3040, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213040.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-125403","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436258,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q083IB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-quality data in the Northern San Joaquin Valley Domestic-Supply Aquifer Study Unit, 2019: Results from the California GAMA Priority Basin Project"},{"id":387514,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3040/images"},{"id":387513,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3040/fs20213040.xml"},{"id":387512,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3040/fs20213040.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":387511,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3040/covrthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.607666015625,\n 37.76854362092148\n ],\n [\n -121.14761352539061,\n 37.76854362092148\n ],\n [\n -121.14761352539061,\n 38.24249456800328\n ],\n [\n -121.607666015625,\n 38.24249456800328\n ],\n [\n -121.607666015625,\n 37.76854362092148\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

GAMA Project Chief
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
Telephone number: (916) 278-3000

GAMA Program Unit Chief
State Water Resources Control Board
Division of Water Quality
PO Box 2231, Sacramento, CA 95812
Telephone number: (916) 341-5855

","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-07-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levy, Zeno F. 0000-0003-4580-2309 zflevy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4580-2309","contributorId":219572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levy","given":"Zeno","email":"zflevy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balkan, Mariia 0000-0003-1102-588X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1102-588X","contributorId":221265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balkan","given":"Mariia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelton, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8508-0270 jshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-0270","contributorId":1155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jshelton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70221880,"text":"sir20215063 - 2021 - Peak-flow variability, peak-flow informational needs, and consideration of regional regression analyses in managing the crest-stage gage network in Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-30T11:51:22.105534","indexId":"sir20215063","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T11:59:19","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5063","displayTitle":"Peak-Flow Variability, Peak-Flow Informational Needs, and Consideration of Regional Regression Analyses in Managing the Crest-Stage Gage Network in Montana","title":"Peak-flow variability, peak-flow informational needs, and consideration of regional regression analyses in managing the crest-stage gage network in Montana","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Montana Department of Transportation (MDT), has operated a crest-stage gage (CSG) network in Montana to collect peak-flow data since 1955. The CSG network is vital to collecting peak-flow data on small drainage basins that typically are not addressed by continuous streamflow operations. Discussions between USGS and MDT identified a need for evaluating the CSG network to allow for better decision making in the management of the network. The purpose of this report is to (1) generally describe peak-flow variability in Montana, (2) assess peak-flow informational needs relevant to MDT activities, and (3) consider the characteristics of the active CSG network in relation to addressing the informational needs. The evaluation of the CSG network is intended to assist in prioritization for discontinuation of CSGs and other activities involving changes to the CSG network.

Peak-flow variability was investigated by analysis of selected peak-flow characteristics of 659 unregulated streamgages in or near Montana. A generalized peak-flow variability index (PFVI) was developed to provide large-scale representation of peak-flow variability in Montana. For unregulated Montana streamgages, PFVI generally monotonically decreases with increasing drainage area, although there is somewhat large (but generally consistent) variability about the locally weighted scatterplot smooth line. Presumably, highly variable small-scale hydroclimatic processes are integrated with increasing drainage area such that variability in many hydrologic characteristics is reduced. PFVI also decreases with increasing mean basin elevation and mean annual precipitation. Presumably, higher elevation and wetter hydroclimatic settings in Montana contribute to reduced variability in hydrologic characteristics. Intuitively, PFVI might be expected to generally decrease with increasing years of record because the standard deviation might typically be expected to decrease with increasing sample size. However, relations among PFVI and years of record are more complex and variable than drainage area, elevation, and precipitation. PFVI variably increases from 10 to about 40 years of record and then generally monotonically decreases from about 40 to about 105 years of record. Relations among PFVI and the years of record might be confounded by effects of drainage area because streamgages with long periods of record (greater than about 60 years) generally have large drainage areas (greater than about 100 square miles).

The relations between PFVI and drainage area, mean basin elevation, mean annual precipitation, and years of record substantially differ among the eight hydrologic regions in Montana. As such, the PFVI relations were further investigated within each hydrologic region.

A major use of peak-flow information by MDT is for design of road and highway infrastructure, including bridges, culverts, and roadside drainage ditches. As such, basin characteristics (including drainage area, mean basin elevation, and mean annual precipitation) of the Montana streamgage network (735 regulated and unregulated streamgages) were statistically investigated in relation to basin characteristics of 12,639 road and stream intersections in Montana. Both regulated and unregulated streamgages were investigated because the road and stream intersections are on both regulated and unregulated streams. Exploratory analyses indicated that the various relations substantially differ among the hydrologic regions. As such, the relations between the Montana streamgage network and the road and stream intersections were further investigated within each hydrologic region.

An important objective of the CSG network is to provide data for developing regional regression equations (RREs) for estimating frequencies at ungaged sites in Montana. Various characteristics of the RREs substantially differ among the eight hydrologic regions in Montana. As such, the RRE characteristics were further investigated within each hydrologic region.

For each of the eight hydrologic regions, various characteristics of peak-flow variability, peak-flow informational needs, and regional regression analyses were investigated in detail. Possible shortcomings of the streamgage network in each hydrologic region are identified and possible future improvements to the CSG network are presented.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215063","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Montana Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Sando, S.K., 2021, Peak-flow variability, peak-flow informational needs, and consideration of regional regression analyses in managing the crest-stage gage network in Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5063, 124 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215063.","productDescription":"Report: x, 124 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"138","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-121407","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387116,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5063/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":387117,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5063/sir20215063.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.1 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\"}}]}","contact":"

Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3162 Bozeman Avenue
Helena, MT 59601

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-07-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, Steven K. 0000-0003-1206-1030","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1206-1030","contributorId":203451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223765,"text":"70223765 - 2021 - The influence of subcolony-scale nesting habitat on the reproductive success of Adélie penguins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-07T15:54:05.451384","indexId":"70223765","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T10:43:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of subcolony-scale nesting habitat on the reproductive success of Adélie penguins","docAbstract":"

Group-size variation is common in colonially breeding species, including seabirds, whose breeding colonies can vary in size by several orders of magnitude. Seabirds are some of the most threatened marine taxa and understanding the drivers of colony size variation is more important than ever. Reproductive success is an important demographic parameter that can impact colony size, and it varies in association with a number of factors, including nesting habitat quality. Within colonies, seabirds often aggregate into distinct groups or subcolonies that may vary in quality. We used data from two colonies of Adélie penguins 73 km apart on Ross Island, Antarctica, one large and one small to investigate (1) How subcolony habitat characteristics influence reproductive success and (2) How these relationships differ at a small (Cape Royds) and large (Cape Crozier) colony with different terrain characteristics. Subcolonies were characterized using terrain attributes (elevation, slope aspect, slope steepness, wind shelter, flow accumulation), as well group characteristics (area/size, perimeter-to-area ratio, and proximity to nest predators). Reproductive success was higher and less variable at the larger colony while subcolony characteristics explained more of the variance in reproductive success at the small colony. The most important variable influencing subcolony quality at both colonies was perimeter-to-area ratio, likely reflecting the importance of nest predation by south polar skuas along subcolony edges. The small colony contained a higher proportion of edge nests thus higher potential impact from skua nest predation. Stochastic environmental events may facilitate smaller colonies becoming “trapped” by nest predation: a rapid decline in the number of breeding individuals may increase the proportion of edge nests, leading to higher relative nest predation and hindering population recovery. Several terrain covariates were retained in the final models but which variables, the shapes of the relationships, and importance varied between colonies.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publications","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-94861-7","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, A.E., Ballard, G., Lescroël, A., Dugger, K., Jongsomjit, D., Elrod, M.L., and Ainley, D., 2021, The influence of subcolony-scale nesting habitat on the reproductive success of Adélie penguins: Scientific Reports, v. 11, 15380, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94861-7.","productDescription":"15380, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-105335","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94861-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, Cape Crozier, Cape Royds, Ross Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 160.1806640625,\n -78.56048828398782\n ],\n [\n 173.32031249999997,\n -78.56048828398782\n ],\n [\n 173.32031249999997,\n -75.28657817848102\n ],\n [\n 160.1806640625,\n -75.28657817848102\n ],\n [\n 160.1806640625,\n -78.56048828398782\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Annie E.","contributorId":265338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Annie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballard, Grant","contributorId":265339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballard","given":"Grant","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lescroël, Amélie","contributorId":265340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lescroël","given":"Amélie","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jongsomjit, Dennis","contributorId":265341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jongsomjit","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elrod, Megan L.","contributorId":265342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elrod","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":265343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70222464,"text":"70222464 - 2021 - Energetic and health effects of protein overconsumption constrain dietary adaptation in an apex predator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-30T13:48:03.311016","indexId":"70222464","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T08:45:40","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Energetic and health effects of protein overconsumption constrain dietary adaptation in an apex predator","docAbstract":"

Studies of predator feeding ecology commonly focus on energy intake. However, captive predators have been documented to selectively feed to optimize macronutrient intake. As many apex predators experience environmental changes that affect prey availability, limitations on selective feeding can affect energetics and health. We estimated the protein:fat ratio of diets consumed by wild polar bears using a novel isotope-based approach, measured protein:fat ratios selected by zoo polar bears offered dietary choice and examined potential energetic and health consequences of overconsuming protein. Dietary protein levels selected by wild and zoo polar bears were low and similar to selection observed in omnivorous brown bears, which reduced energy intake requirements by 70% compared with lean meat diets. Higher-protein diets fed to zoo polar bears during normal care were concurrent with high rates of mortality from kidney disease and liver cancer. Our results suggest that polar bears have low protein requirements and that limitations on selective consumption of marine mammal blubber consequent to climate change could meaningfully increase their energetic costs. Although bear protein requirements appear lower than those of other carnivores, the energetic and health consequences of protein overconsumption identified in this study have the potential to affect a wide range of taxa.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-94917-8","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., Robbins, C.T., Stricker, C.A., Taras, B.D., and Tollefson, T.N., 2021, Energetic and health effects of protein overconsumption constrain dietary adaptation in an apex predator: Scientific Reports, v. 11, 15309, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94917-8.","productDescription":"15309, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125790","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94917-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W7MP0T","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Protein and Fat Consumption of Zoo Polar Bears in 14-day Ad Libitum Trials, 2019-2020"},{"id":387590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robbins, Charles T.","contributorId":32436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robbins","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5132,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricker, Craig A. 0000-0002-5031-9437 cstricker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9437","contributorId":1097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Craig","email":"cstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taras, Brian D.","contributorId":207216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taras","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tollefson, Troy N","contributorId":261517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tollefson","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":52863,"text":"Mazuri Exotic Nutrition","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70222467,"text":"70222467 - 2021 - Timing and hydrological conditions associated with bigheaded carp movement past navigation dams on the upper Mississippi river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-18T14:20:02.027547","indexId":"70222467","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T08:40:45","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing and hydrological conditions associated with bigheaded carp movement past navigation dams on the upper Mississippi river","docAbstract":"

As the range of non-native bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) continues to expand throughout river systems of the United States, managers are tasked with preventing or slowing the spread of these invasive species. Main stem navigation dams on the upper Mississippi River, long considered a deterrent to fish migration, may slow or prevent the spread of invasive fish species. As discharge increases, hydraulic head (i.e., difference between upstream elevation and downstream elevation) at these navigation dams decreases, which is believed to allow for easier fish passage. We used acoustic telemetry to investigate the occurrence, frequency, and timing of bigheaded carp passage of upper Mississippi River dams, along with factors related to successful dam passage. During 2013 through 2017, adult silver carp (H. molitrix), bighead carp (H. nobilis) and their hybrids (N = 358) were tracked throughout the upper Mississippi River. A total of 1078 dam passages by bigheaded carps (N = 158) were observed past 15 dams. Seventy-eight percent of dam passages occurred during April through July. Cox proportional hazards regression models indicated that both upstream and downstream dam passages by these species were strongly affected by hydraulic head height at the dam and water temperature, with dam passages increasing as hydraulic head decreased and water temperature increased. A few dams rarely experience low hydraulic head and passages of those dams by bigheaded carps were rare. This information can be used by managers to develop strategies (e.g., placement of deterrent technologies, targeted removal efforts) to slow the spread of these invasive species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-021-02583-8","usgsCitation":"Vallazza, J.M., Mosel, K.J., Reineke, D.M., Runstrom, A.L., Larson, J.H., and Knights, B.C., 2021, Timing and hydrological conditions associated with bigheaded carp movement past navigation dams on the upper Mississippi river: Biological Invasions, v. 23, p. 3409-3425, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02583-8.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"3409","endPage":"3425","ipdsId":"IP-113126","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BVCVV2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for dam passage analysis of bigheaded carps in Pools 15-19 of the upper Mississippi River during 2014-2017"},{"id":387588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.82421875,\n 38.47939467327645\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 39.87601941962116\n ],\n [\n -90.615234375,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -89.8681640625,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -89.7802734375,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 44.18220395771566\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -93.4716796875,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -92.59277343749999,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -91.62597656249999,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -91.318359375,\n 42.68243539838623\n ],\n [\n -90.791015625,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -91.49414062499999,\n 41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 40.27952566881291\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -89.82421875,\n 38.47939467327645\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vallazza, Jonathan M. 0000-0003-2367-4887 jvallazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-4887","contributorId":149362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallazza","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvallazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mosel, Kayle J.","contributorId":261526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosel","given":"Kayle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reineke, David M.","contributorId":261527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reineke","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12793,"text":"University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runstrom, Ann L.","contributorId":261529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Runstrom","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knights, Brent C. 0000-0001-8526-8468 bknights@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":2906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knights","given":"Brent","email":"bknights@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70227272,"text":"70227272 - 2021 - Limited shifts in the distribution of migratory bird breeding habitat density in response to future changes in climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T14:24:06.941403","indexId":"70227272","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T08:13:21","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limited shifts in the distribution of migratory bird breeding habitat density in response to future changes in climate","docAbstract":"Grasslands, and the depressional wetlands that exist throughout them, are endangered ecosystems that face both climate and land-use change pressures. Tens of millions of dollars are invested annually to manage the existing fragments of these ecosystems to serve as critical breeding habitat for migratory birds. The North American Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) is a region that contains millions of depressional wetlands that produce between 50 and 80% of the continent’s waterfowl population and. Previous modeling efforts suggested that climate change would result in a shift of suitable waterfowl breeding habitat from the central to the southeast portion of the PPR, an area where over half of the wetlands have been drained. The implications of these projections suggest a massive investment in wetland restoration in the southeastern PPR would be needed to sustain waterfowl populations at harvestable levels. We revisited these modeled results indicating how future climate may impact the distribution of waterfowl-breeding habitat using up-to-date climate model projections and a newly developed model for simulating prairie-pothole wetland hydrology. We also presented changes to the number of “May ponds,” a metric used by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to estimate waterfowl breeding populations and establish harvest regulations. Based on the output of 32 climate models and 2 emission scenarios, we found no evidence that the distribution of May ponds would shift in the future. However, our results projected a 17% decrease to 5% increase in May-pond numbers when comparing the most recent climate period (1989–2018) to the end of the 21st century (2070–2099). 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R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mcculloch-Huseby, Elyssa Christina 0000-0001-6680-3912","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6680-3912","contributorId":270974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcculloch-Huseby","given":"Elyssa","email":"","middleInitial":"Christina","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70224254,"text":"70224254 - 2021 - Why do my squiggles look funny? A gallery of compromised seismic signals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-01T16:00:21.34454","indexId":"70224254","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-28T07:29:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why do my squiggles look funny? A gallery of compromised seismic signals","docAbstract":"

Seismic instruments are highly sensitive and capable of recording a large range of different Earth signals. The high sensitivity of these instruments also makes them prone to various failures. Although many failures are very obvious, such as a dead channel, there are other more subtle failures that easily go unnoticed by both network operators and data users. This work documents several different types of failure modes in which the instrument is no longer faithfully recording ground‐motion data. Although some of these failure modes make the data completely unusable, there are also a number of failures in which the data can still be used for certain applications. Of course, the ideal situation is to identify as soon as possible when data become compromised and to have the network operator fix the station. However, knowing how the data became compromised can also help data users to identify if the data can still be used for their particular application. This work in no way attempts to exhaustively document recording failures but rather to communicate examples and equip the reader with ways of identifying failure modes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220210094","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., Mason, D.B., Laske, G., Storm, T., and Templeton, M., 2021, Why do my squiggles look funny? A gallery of compromised seismic signals: Seismological Research Letters, v. 92, no. 6, p. 3873-3886, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210094.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3873","endPage":"3886","ipdsId":"IP-130410","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389332,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mason, David B. 0000-0003-0313-3370 dmason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0313-3370","contributorId":265781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"David","email":"dmason@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laske, G.","contributorId":265782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laske","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38724,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Storm, Tyler 0000-0002-6787-9545 tstorm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-9545","contributorId":152165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storm","given":"Tyler","email":"tstorm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Templeton, M.","contributorId":265783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Templeton","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39228,"text":"Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}