Arsenic concentrations were determined in fine-grained, oxidized, surface sediments and in two benthic bivalves, Corbicula sp. and Macoma balthica, within San Francisco Bay, the Sacramento/San Joaquin River Delta, and selected rivers not influenced by urban or industrial activity. Arsenic concentrations in all samples were characteristic of values reported for uncontaminated estuaries. Small temporal fluctuations and low arsenic concentrations in bivalves and sediments suggest that most inputs of arsenic are likely to be minor and arsenic contamination is not widespread in the Bay.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0048-9697(90)90268-Y","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Johns, C., and Luoma, S., 1990, Arsenic in benthic bivalves of San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento/San Joaquin River Delta: Science of Total Environment, v. 97-98, p. 673-684, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(90)90268-Y.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"673","endPage":"684","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.12377929687499,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -121.1517333984375,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -121.1517333984375,\n 38.23386541556985\n ],\n [\n -123.12377929687499,\n 38.23386541556985\n ],\n [\n -123.12377929687499,\n 37.31775185163688\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97-98","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed8de4b0c8380cd49893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johns, C.","contributorId":18906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johns","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015981,"text":"70015981 - 1990 - The surface area of soil organic matter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T19:35:45","indexId":"70015981","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The surface area of soil organic matter","docAbstract":"The previously reported surface area for soil organic matter (SOM) of 560-800 m2/g as determined by the ethylene glycol (EG) retention method was reexamined by the standard BET method based on nitrogen adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature. Test samples consisted of two high organic content soils, a freeze-dried soil humic acid, and an oven-dried soil humic acid. The measured BET areas for these samples were less than 1 m2/g, except for the freeze-dried humic acid. The results suggest that surface adsorption of nonionic organic compounds by SOM is practically insignificant in comparison to uptake by partition. The discrepancy between the surface areas of SOM obtained by BET and EG methods was explained in terms of the 'free surface area' and the 'apparent surface area' associated with these measurements.The previously reported surface area for soil organic matter (SOM) of 560-800 m2/g as determined by the ethylene glycol (EG) retention method was reexamined by the standard BET method based on nitrogen adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature. Test samples consisted of two high organic content soils, a freeze-dried soil humic acid, and an oven-dried soil humic acid. The measured BET areas for these samples were less than 1 m2/g, except for the freeze-dried humic acid. The results suggest that surface adsorption of nonionic organic compounds by SOM is practically insignificant in comparison to uptake by partition. The discrepancy between the surface areas of SOM obtained by BET and EG methods was explained in terms of the 'free surface area' and the 'apparent surface area' associated with these measurements.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00078a002","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Lee, J., and Boyd, S., 1990, The surface area of soil organic matter: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1164-1166, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00078a002.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1164","endPage":"1166","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb0a9e4b08c986b324fcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, J.-F.","contributorId":22910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyd, S.A.","contributorId":74517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016258,"text":"70016258 - 1990 - Hydrologic and hydraulic research in mountain rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T14:19:04","indexId":"70016258","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3718,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-1370","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic and hydraulic research in mountain rivers","docAbstract":"Although our current (1990) knowledge of hydrologic and hydraulic processes is based on many years of study, there are river environments where these processes are complex and poorly understood. One of these environments is in mountainous areas, which cover about 25 percent of the United States. Use of conventional hydrologic and hydraulic techniques in mountain-river environments may produce erroneous results and interpretations in a wide spectrum of water-resources investigations. An ongoing U.S. Geological Survey research project is being conducted to improve the understanding of hydrologic and hydraulic processes of mountainous areas and to improve the results of subsequent hydrologic investigations. Future hydrologic and hydraulic research needs in mountainous areas are identified.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1990.tb01381.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Jarrett, R.D., 1990, Hydrologic and hydraulic research in mountain rivers: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 26, no. 3, p. 419-429, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1990.tb01381.x.","startPage":"419","endPage":"429","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267741,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1990.tb01381.x"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3552e4b0c8380cd5fe07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarrett, Robert D. rjarrett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarrett","given":"Robert","email":"rjarrett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":372996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016199,"text":"70016199 - 1990 - Prediction of stream volatilization coefficients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T15:54:36","indexId":"70016199","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prediction of stream volatilization coefficients","docAbstract":"Equations are developed for predicting the liquid-film and gas-film reference-substance parameters for quantifying volatilization of organic solutes from streams. Molecular weight and molecular-diffusion coefficients of the solute are used as correlating parameters. Equations for predicting molecular-diffusion coefficients of organic solutes in water and air are developed, with molecular weight and molal volume as parameters. Mean absolute errors of prediction for diffusion coefficients in water are 9.97% for the molecular-weight equation, 6.45% for the molal-volume equation. The mean absolute error for the diffusion coefficient in air is 5.79% for the molal-volume equation. Molecular weight is not a satisfactory correlating parameter for diffusion in air because two equations are necessary to describe the values in the data set. The best predictive equation for the liquid-film reference-substance parameter has a mean absolute error of 5.74%, with molal volume as the correlating parameter. The best equation for the gas-film parameter has a mean absolute error of 7.80%, with molecular weight as the correlating parameter.","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1990)116:3(615)","issn":"07339372","usgsCitation":"Rathbun, R.E., 1990, Prediction of stream volatilization coefficients: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 116, no. 3, p. 615-631, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1990)116:3(615).","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"631","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81f3e4b0c8380cd7b80a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathbun, Ronald E.","contributorId":59952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015924,"text":"70015924 - 1990 - 36C1 measurements and the hydrology of an acid injection site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-06T19:35:54","indexId":"70015924","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2909,"text":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"36C1 measurements and the hydrology of an acid injection site","docAbstract":"In an area in western Tennessee (United States), an industrial firm is injecting acidic (pH = 0.1) iron chloride into permeable zones of carbonate rocks at depths ranging from 1000 to 2200 m below land surface. Overlying the injection zone at a depth of approximately 500 m below land surface is a regional fresh-water aquifer, the Knox aquifer. A study is currently underway to investigate whether the injection wells are hydraulically isolated from the fresh-water aquifer. Drilling of a test well that will reach a total depth of 2700 m has been initiated. The 36Cl content of 15 samples from the Knox aquifer, from monitor wells in the vicinity of the injection site, and from the test well have been analyzed. ?? 1990.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0168-583X(90)90456-5","issn":"0168583X","usgsCitation":"Vourvopoulos, G., Brahana, J., Nolte, E., Korschinek, G., Priller, A., and Dockhorn, B., 1990, 36C1 measurements and the hydrology of an acid injection site: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, v. 52, no. 3-4, p. 451-454, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(90)90456-5.","startPage":"451","endPage":"454","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268846,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(90)90456-5"},{"id":223389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e25be4b0c8380cd45ae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vourvopoulos, G.","contributorId":31527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vourvopoulos","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brahana, J. V.","contributorId":32926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brahana","given":"J. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolte, E.","contributorId":45464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolte","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Korschinek, G.","contributorId":85726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korschinek","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Priller, A.","contributorId":39941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priller","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dockhorn, B.","contributorId":53528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dockhorn","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70015830,"text":"70015830 - 1990 - Effect of ten quaternary ammonium cations on tetrachloromethane sorption to clay from water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T19:44:24","indexId":"70015830","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of ten quaternary ammonium cations on tetrachloromethane sorption to clay from water","docAbstract":"The mineral surface of Wyoming bentonite (clay) was modified by replacing inorganic ions by each of 10 quaternary ammonium compounds, and tetrachloromethane sorption to the modified sorbents from water was studied. Tetrachloromethane sorption from solution to clay modified with tetramethyl-, tetraethyl-, benzyltrimethyl-, or benzyltriethylammonium cations generally is characterized by relatively high solute uptake, isotherm nonlinearity, and competitive sorption (with trichloroethene as the competing sorbate). For these sorbents, the ethyl functional groups yield reduced sorptive capacity relative to methyl groups, whereas the benzyl group appears to have a similar effect on sorbent capacity as the methyl group. Sorption of tetrachloromethane to clay modified with dodecyldimethyl(2-phenoxyethyl)-, dodecyltrimethyl-, tetradecyltrimethyl-, hexadecyltrimethyl-, or benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium bromide is characterized by relatively low solute uptake, isotherm linearity, and noncompetitive sorption. For these sorbents, an increase in the size of the nonpolar functional group(s) causes an increase in the organic carbon normalized sorption coefficient (Koc). No measurable uptake of tetrachloromethane sorption by the unmodified clay or clay modified by ammonium bromide was observed.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00078a003","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.A., 1990, Effect of ten quaternary ammonium cations on tetrachloromethane sorption to clay from water: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1167-1172, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00078a003.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1167","endPage":"1172","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0613e4b0c8380cd510f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, J. A.","contributorId":101646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185496,"text":"70185496 - 1990 - Fluorescent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as probes for studying the impact of colloids on pollutant transport in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-04T09:30:14","indexId":"70185496","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluorescent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as probes for studying the impact of colloids on pollutant transport in groundwater","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00078a009","usgsCitation":"Backhus, D.A., and Gschwend, P.M., 1990, Fluorescent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as probes for studying the impact of colloids on pollutant transport in groundwater: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1214-1223, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00078a009.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"1214","endPage":"1223","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338094,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d66e4b0236b68f98f92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Backhus, Debera A.","contributorId":189651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Backhus","given":"Debera","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33246,"text":"School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gschwend, Philip M.","contributorId":189502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gschwend","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016068,"text":"70016068 - 1990 - Rheological analysis of fine-grained natural debris-flow material","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:46","indexId":"70016068","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Rheological analysis of fine-grained natural debris-flow material","docAbstract":"Experiments were conducted on large samples of fine-grained material (???2mm) from a natural debris flow using a wide-gap concentric-cylinder viscometer. The rheological behavior of this material is compatible with a Bingham model at shear rates in excess of 5 sec. At lesser shear rates, rheological behavior of the material deviates from the Bingham model, and when sand concentration of the slurry exceeds 20 percent by volume, particle interaction between sand grains dominates the mechanical behavior. Yield strength and plastic viscosity are extremely sensitive to sediment concentration.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands and 1990 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","isbn":"0872627713","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., and Pierson, T.C., 1990, Rheological analysis of fine-grained natural debris-flow material, in Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands, San Diego, CA, USA, 30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990, p. 225-231.","startPage":"225","endPage":"231","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aad3ae4b0c8380cd86e6e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"French Richard H.","contributorId":128450,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"French Richard H.","id":536320,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":372469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":372470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171429,"text":"70171429 - 1990 - Organic contamination of ground water at Gas Works Park, Seattle, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-04T13:31:46","indexId":"70171429","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1866,"text":"Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic contamination of ground water at Gas Works Park, Seattle, Washington","docAbstract":"Gas Works Park, in Seattle, Washington, is located on the site of a coal and oil gasification plant that ceased operation in 1956. During operation, many types of wastes, including coal, tar, and oil, accumulated on-site. The park soil is currently (1986) contaminated with compounds such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, trace metals, and cyanide. Analyses of water samples from a network of observation wells in the park indicate that these compounds are also present in the ground water.
\nPolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds were identified in ground water samples in concentrations as large as 200 mg/L. Concentrations of organic compounds were largest where ground water was in contact with a non-aqueous phase liquid in the soil. Where no non-aqueous phase liquid was present, concentrations were much smaller, even if the ground water was in contact with contaminated soils. This condition is attributed to weathering processes in which soluble, low-molecular-weight organic compounds are preferentially dissolved from the non-aqueous phase liquid into the ground water. Where no non-aqueous phase liquid is present, only stained soils containing relatively insoluble, high-molecular-weight compounds remain. Concentrations of organic contaminants in the soils may still remain large.
\nThe Mississippi River and its tributaries drain extensive agricultural regions of the midcontinental United States, where large amounts of herbicides are applied as weed control agents on crops such as corn and soybeans. Studies being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey along the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries, representing a 1930-km river reach, have confirmed that several triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides and their degradation products are present in this riverine system. These herbicides include atrazine, and its degradation products, desethyl- and desisopropylatrazine; cyanazine; simazine; metolachlor; and alachlor and its degradation products, 2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide, and 2-hydroxy-2',6'-diethylacetanilide. Loads of these compounds were determined at 17 different sampling stations under various seasonal and hydrologic conditions, during five sampling trips from July 1987 to June 1989. Stream loads of herbicides were relatively small during the drought of 1987 and 1988. Stream loads were much greater during the relatively wet year of 1989. Trace levels of atrazine, cyanazine, and metolachlor also were associated with suspended sediments. Distribution coefficients (Koc) of these compounds varied considerably between sites and were much larger than Koc values reported in the literature. The annual transport of atrazine into the Gulf of Mexico was estimated to be less than 2% of the amount of atrazine applied each year in the midwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00079a015","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., 1990, Occurrence, distributions, and transport of herbicides and their degradation products in the lower Mississippi river and its tributaries: ES and T Contents, v. 24, no. 9, p. 1400-1406, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00079a015.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1400","endPage":"1406","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lower Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -91.790771484375,\n 33.925129700072\n ],\n [\n -91.8896484375,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -92.362060546875,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -92.373046875,\n 29.52567042617583\n ],\n [\n -91.64794921875,\n 29.161755515328824\n ],\n [\n -89.5166015625,\n 28.69058765425071\n ],\n [\n -88.05541992187499,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -89.05517578125,\n 29.46829664171322\n ],\n [\n -90.670166015625,\n 30.732392734006083\n ],\n [\n -90.604248046875,\n 33.7243396617476\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 34.19817309627726\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6c69e4b0c8380cd74bed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015784,"text":"70015784 - 1990 - Regional flood-frequency relations for streams with many years of no flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:54","indexId":"70015784","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Regional flood-frequency relations for streams with many years of no flow","docAbstract":"In the southwestern United States, flood-frequency relations for streams that drain small arid basins are difficult to estimate, largely because of the extreme temporal and spatial variability of floods and the many years of no flow. A method is proposed that is based on the station-year method. The new method produces regional flood-frequency relations using all available annual peak-discharge data. The prediction errors for the relations are directly assessed using randomly selected subsamples of the annual peak discharges.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands and 1990 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","isbn":"0872627713","usgsCitation":"Hjalmarson, H.W., and Thomas, B.E., 1990, Regional flood-frequency relations for streams with many years of no flow, in Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands, San Diego, CA, USA, 30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990, p. 483-488.","startPage":"483","endPage":"488","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4d2e4b0e8fec6cdbc89","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"French Richard H.","contributorId":128450,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"French Richard H.","id":536305,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hjalmarson, Hjalmar W.","contributorId":83672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hjalmarson","given":"Hjalmar","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Blakemore E.","contributorId":93871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Blakemore","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016252,"text":"70016252 - 1990 - Determination of trace levels of herbicides and their degradation products in surface and ground waters by gas chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T16:16:47","indexId":"70016252","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of trace levels of herbicides and their degradation products in surface and ground waters by gas chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"A rapid, specific and highly sensitive method is described for the determination of several commonly used herbicides and their degradation products in surface and ground waters by using gas chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry. The compounds included atrazine, and its degradation products desethylatrazine and desisopropylatrazine; Simazine; Cyanazine; Metolachlor; and alachlor and its degradation products, 2-chloro-2', 6'-diethylacetanilide, 2-hydroxy-2', 6'-diethylacetanilide and 2,6-diethylaniline. The method was applied to surface-water samples collected from 16 different stations along the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries, and ground-water samples beneath a cornfield in central Nebraska. Average recovery of a surrogate herbicide, terbuthylazine, was greater than 99%. Recoveries of the compounds of interest from river water spiked at environmental levels are also presented. Full-scan mass spectra of these compounds were obtained on 1 ng or less of analyte. Data were collected in the full-scan acquisition mode. Quantitation was based on a single characteristic ion for each compound. The detection limit was 60 pg with a signal-to-noise ratio of greater than 10:1.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0003-2670(00)80480-8","issn":"00032670","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Rostad, C., and Leiker, T., 1990, Determination of trace levels of herbicides and their degradation products in surface and ground waters by gas chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 228, no. 1, p. 69-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)80480-8.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205343,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)80480-8"}],"volume":"228","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffe1e4b0c8380cd4f453","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leiker, T.J.","contributorId":96719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leiker","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016168,"text":"70016168 - 1990 - Kinetically influenced terms for solute transport affected by heterogeneous and homogeneous classical reactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-04T14:41:39","indexId":"70016168","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinetically influenced terms for solute transport affected by heterogeneous and homogeneous classical reactions","docAbstract":"Simulation of transport affected by heterogeneous or homogeneous reversible reactions requires a choice between local equilibrium-based and kinetics-based models. The error associated with the use of equilibrium-based models is equivalent to the error of neglecting certain mathematical terms in the governing kinetics-based transport equations. Identification and evaluation of these kinetically influenced terms can therefore aid in the development of criteria for applicability of local equilibrium- based transport models. This paper extends a four-step derivation procedure, previously presented for cases of transport affected by surface reactions, to transport problems involving homogeneous reactions (solution phase complex formation or oxidation-reduction) and/or precipitation-dissolution reactions. Derivations for these classes of reactions are used to illustrate the manner in which mathematical differences between reaction classes are reflected in the mathematical derivation procedures required to identify kinetically influenced terms. Simulation results for a case of transport affected by a single solution phase complexation reaction and for a case of transport affected by a precipitation-dissolution reaction are used to demonstrate the nature of departures from equilibrium-controlled transport as well as the use of kinetically influenced terms in determining criteria for the applicability of the local equilibrium assumption. A final derivation for a multireaction problem demonstrates the application of the generalized procedure to a case of transport affected by reactions of several classes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR026i001p00021","usgsCitation":"Bahr, J.M., 1990, Kinetically influenced terms for solute transport affected by heterogeneous and homogeneous classical reactions: Water Resources Research, v. 26, no. 1, p. 21-34, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i001p00021.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"34","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40a8e4b0c8380cd64f37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bahr, Jean M.","contributorId":69716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016173,"text":"70016173 - 1990 - Multidisciplinary hydrologic investigations at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:40","indexId":"70016173","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Multidisciplinary hydrologic investigations at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Future climatic conditions and tectonic processes have the potential to cause significant changes of the hydrologic system in the southern Great Basin, where a nuclear-waste repository is proposed for construction above the water table at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Geothermal anomalies in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain probably result from the local and regional transport of heat by ground-water flow. Regionally and locally irregular patterns of hydraulic potential, local marsh and pond deposits, and calcite veins in faults and fractures probably are related principally to climatically imposed hydrologic conditions within the geologic and topographic framework. However, tectonic effects on the hydrologic system have also been proposed as the causes of these features, and existing data limitations preclude a full evaluation of these competing hypotheses. A broad program that integrates many disciplines of earth science is required in order to understand the relation of hydrology to past, present and future climates and tectonism.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1st International Topical Meeting on High Level Radioactive Waste Management. Part 1","conferenceDate":"8 April 1990 through 12 April 1990","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","isbn":"0872627519","usgsCitation":"Dudley, W.W., 1990, Multidisciplinary hydrologic investigations at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, Proceedings of the 1st International Topical Meeting on High Level Radioactive Waste Management. Part 1, Las Vegas, NV, USA, 8 April 1990 through 12 April 1990, p. 1-9.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6021e4b0c8380cd712f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudley, William W. Jr.","contributorId":107270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016276,"text":"70016276 - 1990 - Technical comments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:40","indexId":"70016276","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3479,"text":"Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Technical comments","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01547734","issn":"09311955","usgsCitation":"Troutman, B., and Karlinger, M., 1990, Technical comments: Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics, v. 4, no. 1, p. 83-88, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01547734.","startPage":"83","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205380,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01547734"},{"id":223511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3fde4b08c986b32002e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Troutman, B.M.","contributorId":73638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troutman","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlinger, M.R.","contributorId":95039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlinger","given":"M.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016011,"text":"70016011 - 1990 - Transformation of Monoaromatic hydrocarbons to organic acids in anoxic groundwater environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T19:38:09","indexId":"70016011","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1540,"text":"Environmental Geology and Water Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transformation of Monoaromatic hydrocarbons to organic acids in anoxic groundwater environment","docAbstract":"The transformation of benzene and a series of alkylbenzenes was studied in anoxic groundwater of a shallow glacial-outwash aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota, U.S.A. Monoaromatic hydrocarbons, the most water-soluble components of crude oil, were transported downgradient of an oil spill, forming a plume of contaminated groundwater. Organic acids that were not original components of the oil were identified in the anoxic groundwater. The highest concentrations of these oxidized organic compounds were found in the anoxic plume where a decrease in concentrations of structurally related alkylbenzenes was observed. These results suggest that biological transformation of benzene and alkylbenzenes to organic acid intermediates may be an important attenuation process in anoxic environments. The transformation of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons to a series of corresponding oxidation products in an anoxic subsurface environment provides new insight into in situ anaerobic degradation processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01890379","issn":"01775146","usgsCitation":"Cozzarelli, I., Eganhouse, R., and Baedecker, M., 1990, Transformation of Monoaromatic hydrocarbons to organic acids in anoxic groundwater environment: Environmental Geology and Water Sciences, v. 16, no. 2, p. 135-141, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01890379.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"141","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":205362,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01890379"},{"id":223343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Bemidji","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.98916625976562,\n 47.41229100755385\n ],\n [\n -94.82711791992188,\n 47.41229100755385\n ],\n [\n -94.82711791992188,\n 47.52183788271235\n ],\n [\n -94.98916625976562,\n 47.52183788271235\n ],\n [\n -94.98916625976562,\n 47.41229100755385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6d2e4b08c986b326ecc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eganhouse, R.P.","contributorId":67555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baedecker, M.J.","contributorId":42702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015963,"text":"70015963 - 1990 - Effect of soil moisture on the sorption of trichloroethene vapor to vadose-zone soil at picatinny arsenal, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T19:40:36","indexId":"70015963","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of soil moisture on the sorption of trichloroethene vapor to vadose-zone soil at picatinny arsenal, New Jersey","docAbstract":"This report presents data on the sorption of trichloroethene (TCE) vapor to vadose-zone soil above a contaminated water-table aquifer at Picatinny Arsenal in Morris County, NJ. To assess the impact of moisture on TCE sorption, batch experiments on the sorption of TCE vapor by the field soil were carried out as a function of relative humidity. The TCE sorption decreases as soil moisture content increases from zero to saturation soil moisture content (the soil moisture content in equilibrium with 100% relative humidity). The moisture content of soil samples collected from the vadose zone was found to be greater than the saturation soil-moisture content, suggesting that adsorption of TCE by the mineral fraction of the vadose-zone soil should be minimal relative to the partition uptake by soil organic matter. Analyses of soil and soil-gas samples collected from the field indicate that the ratio of the concentration of TCE on the vadose-zone soil to its concentration in the soil gas is 1-3 orders of magnitude greater than the ratio predicted by using an assumption of equilibrium conditions. This apparent disequilibrium presumably results from the slow desorption of TCE from the organic matter of the vadose-zone soil relative to the dissipation of TCE vapor from the soil gas.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00075a010","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.A., Chiou, C.T., Kammer, J., and Kile, D.E., 1990, Effect of soil moisture on the sorption of trichloroethene vapor to vadose-zone soil at picatinny arsenal, New Jersey: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 24, no. 5, p. 676-683, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00075a010.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"676","endPage":"683","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223239,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.696044921875,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 41.1455697310095\n ],\n [\n -75.1904296875,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -75.234375,\n 40.58058466412761\n ],\n [\n -75.03662109375,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -74.849853515625,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -75.6298828125,\n 39.614152077002664\n ],\n [\n -75.531005859375,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 39.138581990583525\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 39.138581990583525\n ],\n [\n -75.05859375,\n 38.94232097947902\n ],\n [\n -74.94873046875,\n 38.85682013474361\n ],\n [\n -74.20166015624999,\n 39.605688178320804\n ],\n [\n -73.8720703125,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -74.14672851562499,\n 40.58058466412761\n ],\n [\n -73.93798828125,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -74.696044921875,\n 41.376808565702355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0609e4b0c8380cd510b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, J. A.","contributorId":101646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kammer, J.A.","contributorId":87299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kammer","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kile, D. E.","contributorId":22758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kile","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70016035,"text":"70016035 - 1990 - Sources and fractionation processes influencing the isotopic distribution of H, O and C in the Long Valley hydrothermal system, California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T12:27:01.75232","indexId":"70016035","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources and fractionation processes influencing the isotopic distribution of H, O and C in the Long Valley hydrothermal system, California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"The isotopic ratios of H, O and C in water within the Long Valley caldera, California reflect input from sources external to the hydrothermal reservoir. A decrease in δD in precipitation of 0.5‰ km−1, from west to east across Long Valley, is caused by the introduction of less fractionated marine moisture through a low elevation embayment in the Sierra Nevada Mountain Range. Relative to seasonal fluctuations in precipitation (−158 to −35‰.), δD ranges in hot and cold surface and groundwaters are much less variable (−135 to −105‰.). Only winter and spring moisture, reflecting higher precipitation rates with lighter isotopic signatures, recharge the hydrological system. The hydrothermal fluids are mixtures of isotopically heavy recharge (δD = − 115‰, δ18O = − 15‰) derived from the Mammoth embayment, and isotopically lighter cold water (δD = −135‰, δ18O = −18‰). This cold water is not representative of current local recharge. The δ13C values for dissolved carbon in hot water are significantly heavier (− 7 to − 3‰) than in cold water (−18 to −10‰) denoting a separate hydrothermal origin. These δ13C values overlie the range generally attributed to magmatic degassing of CO2. However, δ13C values of metamorphosed Paleozoic basement carbonates surrounding Long Valley fall in a similar range, indicating that hydrothermal decarbonization reactions are a probable source of CO2. The δ13C and δ18O values of secondary travertime and vein calcite indicate respective fractionation with CO2 and H2O at temperatures approximating current hydrothermal conditions.
The epigenetic Tony M vanadium-uranium orebody in south-central Utah is hosted in fluvial sandstones of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic). Although the deposit is mined for uranium, vanadium has a higher average abundance in the ore. Thus, the geochemistry of vanadium in the orebody was studied to characterize ore-forming processes within the inferred ground-water flow regime. Measurements of the relative amounts of V (super +3) and V (super +4) in ore minerals show that V (super +3) is more abundant. Thermodynamic calculations show that vanadium was more likely transported to the site of mineralization as V (super +4) . The ore formed as V (super +4) was reduced by hydrogen sulfide, followed by hydrolysis and precipitation of V (super +3) in oxide minerals (e.g., montroseitc or paramontroseite) or chlorite. Uranium was transported as uranyl ion (U (super +6) ), or some complex thereof, and reduced by hydrogen sulfide, forming coffinite. Detrital organic matter in the rocks served as the carbon source for sulfate-reducing bacteria. It was this bacteriogenic H 2 S that reduced the metals in the mineralization process.Possible sources for the V and U in this deposit have been identified previously. Vanadium most likely was derived from the dissolution of iron-titanium oxides, which liberated Fe as well as V. A zone of titanium-rich remnants is observed updip and up the hydrologic gradient from the deposit (M. Goldhaber and R. L. Reynolds, unpub. data). Uranium probably was derived from the overlying Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation (Northrop, 1982). A preliminary age date for the deposit of 115 Ma (K. Ludwig, 1986, pers. commun.) indicates that the ore formed after deposition of the Brushy Basin Member.Previous studies have shown that the ore formed at the density-stratified interface between a basinal brine and dilute meteoric water. The mineralization processes described above occurred within the mixing zone between these two fluids. Stable isotope analyses of ore-stage dolomite show a progressively heavier carbon and oxygen isotope signature with increasing depth through an ore horizon, consistent with the two-solution interface model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.85.2.270","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Wanty, R., Goldhaber, M., and Northrop, H.R., 1990, Geochemistry of vanadium in an epigenetic, sandstone-hosted vanadium-uranium deposit, Henry Basin, Utah: Economic Geology, v. 85, no. 2, p. 270-284, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.85.2.270.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"270","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488924,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78303","text":"External Repository"},{"id":223840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1727e4b0c8380cd553d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Northrop, H. R.","contributorId":40735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Northrop","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015842,"text":"70015842 - 1990 - Geothermal systems within the Mammoth Corridor in Yellowstone National Park and the adjacent Corwin Springs KGRA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:44","indexId":"70015842","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geothermal systems within the Mammoth Corridor in Yellowstone National Park and the adjacent Corwin Springs KGRA","docAbstract":"A study of potential impacts of geothermal development in the Corwin Springs KGRA north of Yellowstone Park on thermal springs within the Park is being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey. Thermal waters in the KGRA and at Mammoth Hot Springs, located 13 km inside the Park boundary, are high in bicarbonate and sulfate and are actively depositing travertine. These similarities and the existence of numerous regional-scale structural and stratigraphic features that could provide conduits for fluid flow at depth indicate a possible cause for concern. The objectives of this study include delineations of any hydrologic connections between these thermal waters, the level of impact of geothermal development in the event of such connections, and mitigation measures to minimize or eliminate adverse impacts. The study involves a number of geochemical, geophysical, geologic, and hydrologic techniques, but does not include any test drilling. Preliminary results suggest that thermal waters at Bear Creek Springs may contain a component of water derived from Mammoth but that thermal waters at La Duke Hot Spring do not. The total rate of thermal water that discharges in the area proposed for geothermal development (near La Duke) has been determined; restricting the net production of thermal water to rates less than this total could provide a satisfactory margin of safety for development.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"1990 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy","conferenceDate":"20 August 1990 through 24 August 1990","conferenceLocation":"Kailua-Kona, HI, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, United States","issn":"01935933","isbn":"0934412677","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M., Colvard, E., and Sturchio, N., 1990, Geothermal systems within the Mammoth Corridor in Yellowstone National Park and the adjacent Corwin Springs KGRA, in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 14, no. pt 1, Kailua-Kona, HI, USA, 20 August 1990 through 24 August 1990, p. 729-733.","startPage":"729","endPage":"733","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28dde4b0c8380cd5a4a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, Michael","contributorId":49933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colvard, Elizabeth","contributorId":29135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvard","given":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sturchio, N.C.","contributorId":16580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturchio","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015974,"text":"70015974 - 1990 - Mudflow rheology in a vertically rotating flume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:44","indexId":"70015974","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mudflow rheology in a vertically rotating flume","docAbstract":"Joint research by the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Missouri-Rolla currently (1990) is being conducted on a 3.05 meters in diameter vertically rotating flume used to simulate mudflows under steady-state conditions. Observed mudflow simulations indicate flow patterns in the flume are similar to those occurring in natural mudflows. Variables such as mean and surface velocity, depth, and average boundary shear stress can be measured in this flume more easily than in the field or in a traditional tilting flume. Sensitive variables such as sediment concentration, grain-size distribution, and Atterberg limits also can be precisely and easily controlled. A known Newtonian fluid, SAE 30 motor oil, was tested in the flume and the computed value for viscosity was within 12.5 percent of the stated viscosity. This provided support that the data from the flume can be used to determine the rheological properties of fluids such as mud. Measurements on mud slurries indicate that flows with sediment concentrations ranging from 81 to 87 percent sediment by weight can be approximated as Bingham plastic for strain rates greater than 1 per second. In this approximation, the yield stress and Bingham viscosity were extremely sensitive to sediment concentration. Generally, the magnitude of the yield stress was large relative to the change in shear stress with increasing mudflow velocity.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands and 1990 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","isbn":"0872627713","usgsCitation":"Holmes, R.R., Westphal, J.A., and Jobson, H.E., 1990, Mudflow rheology in a vertically rotating flume, in Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands, San Diego, CA, USA, 30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990, p. 212-217.","startPage":"212","endPage":"217","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f88e4b0c8380cd70feb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"French Richard H.","contributorId":128450,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"French Richard H.","id":536319,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Holmes, Robert R. Jr. 0000-0002-5060-3999 bholmes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":1624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"bholmes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":372225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Westphal, Jerome A.","contributorId":22500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westphal","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015868,"text":"70015868 - 1990 - Urban hydrology in the desert, Antelope Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:45","indexId":"70015868","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Urban hydrology in the desert, Antelope Valley, California","docAbstract":"A study of urban hydrology in Antelope Valley includes data collection, analysis of rainfall and runoff frequencies, and comparison of results from various rainfall-runoff models. This paper discusses only parts of the project that include data collection and frequency analyses.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands and 1990 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","isbn":"0872627713","usgsCitation":"Blodgett, J.C., Nasseri, I., and Elliott, A.L., 1990, Urban hydrology in the desert, Antelope Valley, California, in Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands, San Diego, CA, USA, 30 July 1990 through 2 August 1990, p. 96-101.","startPage":"96","endPage":"101","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe10e4b08c986b3293ca","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"French Richard H.","contributorId":128450,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"French Richard H.","id":536311,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Blodgett, James C.","contributorId":82348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nasseri, Iraj","contributorId":85333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nasseri","given":"Iraj","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, Ann L.","contributorId":88741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}