The 10 day explosive phase of the 2008–2009 eruption of Chaitén volcano, Chile, draped adjacent watersheds with a few cm to >1 m of tephra. Subsequent lava-dome collapses generated pyroclastic flows that delivered additional sediment. During the waning phase of explosive activity, modest rainfall triggered an extraordinary sediment flush which swiftly aggraded multiple channels by many meters. Ten kilometer from the volcano, Chaitén River channel aggraded 7 m and the river avulsed through a coastal town. That aggradation and delta growth below the abandoned and avulsed channels allow estimates of postdisturbance traction-load transport rate. On the basis of preeruption bathymetry and remotely sensed measurements of delta-surface growth, we derived a time series of delta volume. The initial flush from 11 to 14 May 2008 deposited 0.5–1.5 × 106 m3 of sediment at the mouth of Chaitén River. By 26 May, after channel avulsion, a second delta amassed about 2 × 106 m3 of sediment; by late 2011 it amassed about 11 × 106 m3. Accumulated sediment consists of low-density vesicular pumice and lithic rhyolite sand. Rates of channel aggradation and delta growth, channel width, and an assumed deposit bulk density of 1100–1500 kg m−3 indicate mean traction-load transport rate just before and shortly after avulsion (∼14–15 May) was very high, possibly as great as several tens of kg s−1 m−1. From October 2008 to December 2011, mean traction-load transport rate declined from about 7 to 0.4 kg−1 m−1. Despite extraordinary sediment delivery, disturbed channels recovered rapidly (a few years).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018250","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., Bertin, D., Pierson, T.C., Amigo, A., Iroume, A., Ulloa, H., and Castro, J.M., 2016, Extraordinary sediment delivery and rapid geomorphic response following the 2008–2009 eruption of Chaitén Volcano, Chile: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 7, p. 5075-5094, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018250.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"5075","endPage":"5094","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070007","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3232007","text":"External Repository"},{"id":326192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Chaitén Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.15771484375,\n -43.91372326852401\n ],\n [\n -71.34521484375,\n -43.91372326852401\n ],\n [\n -71.34521484375,\n -40.76390128094587\n ],\n [\n -74.15771484375,\n -40.76390128094587\n ],\n [\n -74.15771484375,\n -43.91372326852401\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a9ad50e4b05e859bdfb93c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bertin, Daniel","contributorId":173512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertin","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27236,"text":"SERNAGEOMIN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amigo, Alvaro","contributorId":173513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amigo","given":"Alvaro","affiliations":[{"id":27236,"text":"SERNAGEOMIN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iroume, Andres","contributorId":173514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iroume","given":"Andres","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27237,"text":"University Austral de Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ulloa, Hector","contributorId":173515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulloa","given":"Hector","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27237,"text":"University Austral de Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Castro, Jonathan M.","contributorId":45198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70199855,"text":"70199855 - 2016 - A framework for effective use of hydroclimate models in climate-change adaptation planning for managed habitats with limited hydrologic response data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-01T15:34:04","indexId":"70199855","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T15:33:56","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A framework for effective use of hydroclimate models in climate-change adaptation planning for managed habitats with limited hydrologic response data","docAbstract":"Climate-change adaptation planning for managed wetlands is challenging under uncertain futures when the impact of historic climate variability on wetland response is unquantified. We assessed vulnerability of Modoc National Wildlife Refuge (MNWR) through use of the Basin Characterization Model (BCM) landscape hydrology model, and six global climate models, representing projected wetter and drier conditions. We further developed a conceptual model that provides greater value for water managers by incorporating the BCM outputs into a conceptual framework that links modeled parameters to refuge management outcomes. This framework was used to identify landscape hydrology parameters that reflect refuge sensitivity to changes in (1) climatic water deficit (CWD) and recharge, and (2) the magnitude, timing, and frequency of water inputs. BCM outputs were developed for 1981–2100 to assess changes and forecast the probability of experiencing wet and dry water year types that have historically resulted in challenging conditions for refuge habitat management. We used a Yule’s Q skill score to estimate the probability of modeled discharge that best represents historic water year types. CWD increased in all models across 72.3–100 % of the water supply basin by 2100. Earlier timing in discharge, greater cool season discharge, and lesser irrigation season water supply were predicted by most models. Under the worst-case scenario, moderately dry years increased from 10–20 to 40–60 % by 2100. MNWR could adapt by storing additional water during the cool season for later use and prioritizing irrigation of habitats during dry years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-015-0569-y","usgsCitation":"Esralew, R.A., Flint, L.E., Thorne, J.H., Boynton, R., and Flint, A.L., 2016, A framework for effective use of hydroclimate models in climate-change adaptation planning for managed habitats with limited hydrologic response data: Environmental Management, v. 58, no. 1, p. 60-75, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0569-y.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-077879","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0569-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Alturas","otherGeospatial":"Modoc National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.64498901367186,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -120.4314422607422,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -120.4314422607422,\n 41.534796133205184\n ],\n [\n -120.64498901367186,\n 41.534796133205184\n ],\n [\n -120.64498901367186,\n 41.376808565702355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc03300e4b0fc368eb53a76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esralew, Rachel A.","contributorId":104862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esralew","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thorne, James H.","contributorId":139144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorne","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12659,"text":"U C Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boynton, Ryan","contributorId":36403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boynton","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175099,"text":"70175099 - 2016 - Hepatic insulin-like growth-factor binding protein (igfbp) responses tofood restriction in Atlantic salmon smolts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-29T15:25:36","indexId":"70175099","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hepatic insulin-like growth-factor binding protein (igfbp) responses tofood restriction in Atlantic salmon smolts","docAbstract":"The growth hormone (Gh)/insulin-like growth-factor (Igf) system plays a central role in the regulation of growth in fishes. However, the roles of Igf binding proteins (Igfbps) in coordinating responses to food availability are unresolved, especially in anadromous fishes preparing for seaward migration. We assayed plasma Gh, Igf1, thyroid hormones and cortisol along with igfbp mRNA levels in fasted and fed Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ). Fish were fasted for 3 or 10 days near the peak of smoltification (late April to early May). Fasting reduced plasma glucose by 3 days and condition factor by 10 days. Plasma Gh, cortisol, and thyroxine (T 4 ) were not altered in response to fasting, whereas Igf1 and 3,5,3′-triiodo- l -thyronine (T 3 ) were slightly higher and lower than controls, respectively. Hepatic igfbp1b1 , - 1b2 , - 2a , - 2b1 and - 2b2 mRNA levels were not responsive to fasting, but there were marked increases in igfbp1a1 following 3 and 10 days of fasting. Fasting did not alter hepatic igf1or igf2 ; however, muscle igf1 was diminished by 10 days of fasting. There were no signs that fasting compromised branchial ionoregulatory functions, as indicated by unchanged Na + /K + -ATPase activity and ion pump/transporter mRNA levels. We conclude that dynamic hepatic igfbp1a1 and muscle igf1 expression participate in the modulation of Gh/Igf signaling in smolts undergoing catabolism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.015","usgsCitation":"Breves, J.P., Phipps-Costin, S.K., Fujimoto, C.K., Einarsdottir, I.E., Regish, A.M., Björnsson, B., and McCormick, S.D., 2016, Hepatic insulin-like growth-factor binding protein (igfbp) responses tofood restriction in Atlantic salmon smolts: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 233, p. 79-87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.015.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"87","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073560","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"233","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579c7e2be4b0589fa1ca11e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breves, Jason P.","contributorId":6349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breves","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phipps-Costin, Silas K.","contributorId":173272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phipps-Costin","given":"Silas","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujimoto, Chelsea K.","contributorId":173273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujimoto","given":"Chelsea","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Einarsdottir, Ingibjorg E.","contributorId":173274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Einarsdottir","given":"Ingibjorg","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Regish, Amy M. 0000-0003-4747-4265 aregish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-4265","contributorId":5415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regish","given":"Amy","email":"aregish@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Björnsson, Björn Thrandur","contributorId":58887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Björnsson","given":"Björn Thrandur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70171019,"text":"70171019 - 2016 - Anadromous salmonids in the Delta: New science 2006–2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T11:05:20","indexId":"70171019","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anadromous salmonids in the Delta: New science 2006–2016","docAbstract":"As juvenile salmon enter the Sacramento–SanJoaquin River Delta (“the Delta”) they disperse among its complex channel network where they are subject to channel-specific processes that affect their rate of migration, vulnerability to predation, feeding success, growth rates, and ultimately, survival. In the decades before 2006, tools available to quantify growth, dispersal, and survival of juvenile salmon in this complex channel network were limited.Fortunately, thanks to technological advances such as acoustic telemetry and chemical and structural otolith analysis, much has been learned over the past decade about the role of the Delta in the life cycle of juvenile salmon. Here, we review new science between 2006and 2016 that sheds light on how different life stages and runs of juvenile salmon grow, move, and survive in the complex channel network of the Delta. One of the most important advances during the past decade has been the widespread adoption of acoustic telemetry techniques. Use of telemetry has shed light on how survival varies among alternative migration routes and the proportion of fish that use each migration route. Chemical and structural analysis of otoliths has provided insights about when juveniles left their natal river and provided evidence of extended rearing in the brackish or saltwater regions of the Delta. New advancements in genetics now allow individuals captured by trawls to be assigned to specific runs. Detailed information about movement and survival in the Delta has spurred development of agent-based models of juvenile salmon that are coupled to hydrodynamic models. Although much has been learned, knowledge gaps remain about how very small juvenile salmon (fry and parr) use the Delta. Understanding how all life stages of juvenile salmon grow, rear, and survive in the Delta is critical for devising management strategies that support a diversity of life history strategies.
\nDuring the summer 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey collected geologic and geotechnical data for two sites on coastal bluffs along the eastern shore of Puget Sound, Washington. The U.S. Geological Survey also installed hydrologic instrumentation at the sites and collected specimens for laboratory testing. The two sites are located on City of Mukilteo open-space land and are about 0.6 kilometers apart. The bluffs at each site are approximately 42 meters high, and rise steeply from the shoreline with 32–35° slopes. The more northerly of the two sites occupies an active landslide and is mostly unvegetated. The other site is forested, and although stable during the preparation of this report, shows evidence of historical and potential landslide activity. The slopes of the bluffs at both sites are mantled by a thin, nonuniform colluvium underlain by clay-rich glacial deposits and tills of the Whidbey Formation or Double Bluff Drift. Till consisting of sand, gravel, and cobbles caps the bluffs and rests on finer grained glacial deposits of sand, silt, and clay. These types of different glacial deposits are dense, vertically fractured, and generally have low permeability, but field observations indicate that locally the deposits are sufficiently permeable to allow lateral flow of water along fractures and subhorizontal boundaries between deposits of different texture. Laboratory tests indicate that many of the deposits are highly plastic, with low hydraulic conductivity, and moderate shear strength. Steep slopes combined with the strength and hydraulic characteristics of the deposits leave the bluffs prone to slope instability, particularly during the wet season when infiltrating rainfall changes moisture content, pore-water pressure, and effective stress within the hillslope. The instrumentation was designed to primarily observe rainfall variability and hydrologic changes in the subsurface that can affect stability of the bluffs, and also to compare the hydrologic response between areas where previous landslides have disturbed vegetation and areas where the bluff is apparently more stable and well vegetated.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161082","collaboration":"Prepared as part of a Technical Assistance Agreement with Sound Transit","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B.B., Smith, J.B., Stark, Benjamin, Lewis, York, Michel, Abigail, and Baum, R.L., 2016, Assessing landslide potential on coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington—Geologic site characterization for hydrologic monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1082, 28 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161082.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 34 p. HTML Document: Data Release","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-075317","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438597,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7H13033","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Lab tests for specimens from Mukilteo, WA, 2016"},{"id":324697,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1082/ofr20161082.pdf","text":"Report","size":"28.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1082"},{"id":324696,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1082/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":324698,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7H13033","text":"Laboratory Testing Results: Material strength and hydraulic properties for specimens collected from coastal bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington","description":"OFR 2016-1082 Data"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.66098022460939,\n 48.448333001219005\n ],\n [\n -122.68157958984375,\n 48.448333001219005\n ],\n [\n -122.68844604492186,\n 48.43193420325806\n ],\n [\n -122.67608642578126,\n 48.4164415885222\n ],\n [\n -122.67333984374999,\n 48.37632112598019\n ],\n [\n -122.77084350585938,\n 48.26034139584532\n ],\n [\n -122.80517578125,\n 48.17158081783164\n ],\n [\n -122.91778564453125,\n 48.09275716032736\n ],\n [\n -122.90679931640624,\n 47.7476346002088\n ],\n [\n -122.90267944335938,\n 47.6441113460123\n ],\n [\n -122.80517578125,\n 47.646886969413\n ],\n [\n -122.75024414062499,\n 47.666312203609145\n ],\n [\n -122.67745971679688,\n 47.585789182379905\n ],\n [\n -122.56759643554689,\n 47.304378285521565\n ],\n [\n -122.46734619140625,\n 47.280160670764744\n ],\n [\n -122.39730834960938,\n 47.26711582310954\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 47.352780247239586\n ],\n [\n -122.3272705078125,\n 47.525547335516556\n ],\n [\n -122.30804443359375,\n 47.78363463526376\n ],\n [\n -122.20642089843749,\n 47.989002568678686\n ],\n [\n -122.1844482421875,\n 48.060643120324514\n ],\n [\n -122.38632202148438,\n 48.31882083063846\n ],\n [\n -122.66098022460939,\n 48.448333001219005\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 966
Denver, CO 80225-0046
Wind blowing over sand on Earth produces decimeter-wavelength ripples and hundred-meter– to kilometer-wavelength dunes: bedforms of two distinct size modes. Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter reveal that Mars hosts a third stable wind-driven bedform, with meter-scale wavelengths. These bedforms are spatially uniform in size and typically have asymmetric profiles with angle-of-repose lee slopes and sinuous crest lines, making them unlike terrestrial wind ripples. Rather, these structures resemble fluid-drag ripples, which on Earth include water-worked current ripples, but on Mars instead form by wind because of the higher kinematic viscosity of the low-density atmosphere. A reevaluation of the wind-deposited strata in the Burns formation (about 3.7 billion years old or younger) identifies potential wind-drag ripple stratification formed under a thin atmosphere.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.aaf3206","usgsCitation":"Lapotre, M.G., Ewing, R.C., Lamb, M.P., Fischer, W.W., Grotzinger, J.P., Rubin, D.M., Lewis, K.W., Ballard, M.J., Day, M.D., Gupta, S., Banham, S.G., Bridges, N.T., Des Marais, D.J., Fraeman, A., Grant, J.A., Herkenhoff, K.E., Ming, D.W., Mischna, M.A., Rice, M.S., Sumner, D.Y., Vasavada, A.R., and Yingst, R.A., 2016, Large wind ripples on Mars: A record of atmospheric evolution: Science, v. 353, no. 6294, p. 55-58, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf3206.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"58","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072275","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf3206","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"353","issue":"6294","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57778625e4b07dd077c878d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lapotre, M. 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Cross-scale interactions (CSIs), where ecological processes operating at one spatial or temporal scale interact with processes operating at another scale, have been documented in a variety of ecosystems and contribute to complex system dynamics. However, studies investigating CSIs are often dependent on compiling multiple data sets from different sources to create multithematic, multiscaled data sets, which results in structurally complex, and sometimes incomplete data sets. The statistical power to detect CSIs needs to be evaluated because of their importance and the challenge of quantifying CSIs using data sets with complex structures and missing observations. We studied this problem using a spatially hierarchical model that measures CSIs between regional agriculture and its effects on the relationship between lake nutrients and lake productivity. We used an existing large multithematic, multiscaled database, LAke multiscaled GeOSpatial, and temporal database (LAGOS), to parameterize the power analysis simulations. We found that the power to detect CSIs was more strongly related to the number of regions in the study rather than the number of lakes nested within each region. CSI power analyses will not only help ecologists design large-scale studies aimed at detecting CSIs, but will also focus attention on CSI effect sizes and the degree to which they are ecologically relevant and detectable with large data sets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1417","usgsCitation":"Wagner, T., Fergus, C.E., Stow, C., Cheruvelil, K.S., and Soranno, P.A., 2016, The statistical power to detect cross-scale interactions at macroscales: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 7, HTML document , https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1417.","productDescription":"HTML document ","ipdsId":"IP-071692","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470783,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1417","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336753,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba8e4b01ccd5500bb1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fergus, C. Emi","contributorId":150608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fergus","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Emi","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":680427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stow, Craig A.","contributorId":49733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stow","given":"Craig A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cheruvelil, Kendra S.","contributorId":172029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheruvelil","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soranno, Patricia A.","contributorId":172104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soranno","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70184348,"text":"70184348 - 2016 - Structure of high latitude currents in global magnetospheric-ionospheric models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T09:25:52","indexId":"70184348","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3454,"text":"Space Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure of high latitude currents in global magnetospheric-ionospheric models","docAbstract":"Using three resolutions of the Lyon-Fedder-Mobarry global magnetosphere-ionosphere model (LFM) and the Weimer 2005 empirical model we examine the structure of the high latitude field-aligned current patterns. Each resolution was run for the entire Whole Heliosphere Interval which contained two high speed solar wind streams and modest interplanetary magnetic field strengths. Average states of the field-aligned current (FAC) patterns for 8 interplanetary magnetic field clock angle directions are computed using data from these runs. Generally speaking the patterns obtained agree well with results obtained from the Weimer 2005 computing using the solar wind and IMF conditions that correspond to each bin. As the simulation resolution increases the currents become more intense and narrow. A machine learning analysis of the FAC patterns shows that the ratio of Region 1 (R1) to Region 2 (R2) currents decreases as the simulation resolution increases. This brings the simulation results into better agreement with observational predictions and the Weimer 2005 model results. The increase in R2 current strengths also results in the cross polar cap potential (CPCP) pattern being concentrated in higher latitudes. Current-voltage relationships between the R1 and CPCP are quite similar at the higher resolution indicating the simulation is converging on a common solution. We conclude that LFM simulations are capable of reproducing the statistical features of FAC patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11214-016-0271-2","usgsCitation":"Wiltberger, M., Rigler, E.J., Merkin, V., and Lyon, J.G., 2016, Structure of high latitude currents in global magnetospheric-ionospheric models: Space Science Reviews, v. 206, no. 1, p. 575-598, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-016-0271-2.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"598","ipdsId":"IP-077646","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"206","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4f5e4b014cc3a3ba4c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiltberger, M","contributorId":187628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiltberger","given":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rigler, E. J.","contributorId":187639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rigler","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merkin, V","contributorId":187629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merkin","given":"V","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyon, J. G","contributorId":187630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyon","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176482,"text":"70176482 - 2016 - Infrastructure system restoration planning using evolutionary algorithms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T11:58:27","indexId":"70176482","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5372,"text":"INCOSE International Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infrastructure system restoration planning using evolutionary algorithms","docAbstract":"This paper presents an evolutionary algorithm to address restoration issues for supply chain interdependent critical infrastructure. Rapid restoration of infrastructure after a large-scale disaster is necessary to sustaining a nation's economy and security, but such long-term restoration has not been investigated as thoroughly as initial rescue and recovery efforts. A model of the Greater Saint Louis Missouri area was created and a disaster scenario simulated. An evolutionary algorithm is used to determine the order in which the bridges should be repaired based on indirect costs. Solutions were evaluated based on the reduction of indirect costs and the restoration of transportation capacity. When compared to a greedy algorithm, the evolutionary algorithm solution reduced indirect costs by approximately 12.4% by restoring automotive travel routes for workers and re-establishing the flow of commodities across the three rivers in the Saint Louis area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/j.2334-5837.2016.00272.x","usgsCitation":"Corns, S., Long, S.K., and Shoberg, T.G., 2016, Infrastructure system restoration planning using evolutionary algorithms: INCOSE International Symposium, v. 26, no. 1, p. 1947-1956, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2016.00272.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1947","endPage":"1956","ipdsId":"IP-071024","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877b9e4b0b7ea54521c1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corns, Steven","contributorId":146271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corns","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":16655,"text":"Dept. of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Suzanna K.","contributorId":146270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Suzanna","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16655,"text":"Dept. of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoberg, Thomas G. 0000-0003-0173-1246 tshoberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-1246","contributorId":3764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoberg","given":"Thomas","email":"tshoberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179635,"text":"70179635 - 2016 - Finite-element modelling of physics-based hillslope hydrology, Keith Beven, and beyond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-09T11:35:22","indexId":"70179635","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Finite-element modelling of physics-based hillslope hydrology, Keith Beven, and beyond","docAbstract":"Keith Beven is a voice of reason on the intelligent use of models and the subsequent acknowledgement/assessment of the uncertainties associated with environmental simula-tion. With several books and hundreds of papers, Keith’s work is widespread, well known, and highly referenced. Four of Keith’s most notable contributions are the iconic TOPMODEL (Beven and Kirkby, 1979), classic papers on macropores and preferential flow (Beven and Germann, 1982, 2013), two editions of the rainfall-runoff modelling bible (Beven, 2000a, 2012), and the selection/commentary for the first volume from the Benchmark Papers in Hydrology series (Beven, 2006b). Remarkably, the thirty-one papers in his benchmark volume, entitled Streamflow Generation Processes, are not tales of modelling wizardry but describe measurements designed to better understand the dynamics of near-surface systems (quintessential Keith). The impetus for this commentary is Keith’sPhD research (Beven, 1975), where he developed a new finite-element model and conducted concept-development simu-lations based upon the processes identified by, for example, Richards (1931), Horton (1933), Hubbert (1940), Hewlett and Hibbert (1963), and Dunne and Black (1970a,b). Readers not familiar with the different mechanisms of streamflow generation are referred to Dunne (1978).","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10762","usgsCitation":"Loague, K., and Ebel, B.A., 2016, Finite-element modelling of physics-based hillslope hydrology, Keith Beven, and beyond: Hydrological Processes, v. 30, no. 14, p. 2432-2437, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10762.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"2432","endPage":"2437","ipdsId":"IP-071061","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332988,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"14","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5874b0ade4b0a829a320bb69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loague, Keith","contributorId":178119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loague","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180261,"text":"70180261 - 2016 - Bayesian nitrate source apportionment to individual groundwater wells in the Central Valley by use of elemental and isotopic tracers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:34:01","indexId":"70180261","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bayesian nitrate source apportionment to individual groundwater wells in the Central Valley by use of elemental and isotopic tracers","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality is a concern in alluvial aquifers that underlie agricultural areas, such as in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Shallow domestic wells (less than 150 m deep) in agricultural areas are often contaminated by nitrate. Agricultural and rural nitrate sources include dairy manure, synthetic fertilizers, and septic waste. Knowledge of the relative proportion that each of these sources contributes to nitrate concentration in individual wells can aid future regulatory and land management decisions. We show that nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate, boron isotopes, and iodine concentrations are a useful, novel combination of groundwater tracers to differentiate between manure, fertilizers, septic waste, and natural sources of nitrate. Furthermore, in this work, we develop a new Bayesian mixing model in which these isotopic and elemental tracers were used to estimate the probability distribution of the fractional contributions of manure, fertilizers, septic waste, and natural sources to the nitrate concentration found in an individual well. The approach was applied to 56 nitrate-impacted private domestic wells located in the San Joaquin Valley. Model analysis found that some domestic wells were clearly dominated by the manure source and suggests evidence for majority contributions from either the septic or fertilizer source for other wells. But, predictions of fractional contributions for septic and fertilizer sources were often of similar magnitude, perhaps because modeled uncertainty about the fraction of each was large. For validation of the Bayesian model, fractional estimates were compared to surrounding land use and estimated source contributions were broadly consistent with nearby land use types.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018523","usgsCitation":"Ransom, K.M., Grote, M.N., Deinhart, A., Eppich, G., Kendall, C., Sanborn, M.E., Sounders, A.K., Wimpenny, J., Yin, Q., Young, M.B., and Harter, T., 2016, Bayesian nitrate source apportionment to individual groundwater wells in the Central Valley by use of elemental and isotopic tracers: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 7, p. 5577-5597, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018523.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"5577","endPage":"5597","ipdsId":"IP-076967","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr018523","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":334055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 38.03078569382294\n ],\n [\n -121.39892578125,\n 37.57070524233116\n ],\n [\n -119.893798828125,\n 35.63051198300061\n ],\n [\n -118.6907958984375,\n 35.652832827451654\n ],\n [\n -119.08630371093749,\n 36.319551259461186\n ],\n [\n -119.55322265624999,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 38.03078569382294\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b1977e4b0ad67323f97e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransom, Katherine M","contributorId":178789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ransom","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grote, Mark N.","contributorId":178790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grote","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deinhart, Amanda","contributorId":178791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deinhart","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eppich, Gary","contributorId":178796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eppich","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sanborn, Matthew E.","contributorId":178792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanborn","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sounders, A. Kate 0000-0002-1367-8924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-8924","contributorId":178793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sounders","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kate","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wimpenny, Joshua","contributorId":178794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wimpenny","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Yin, Qing-zhu","contributorId":178795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yin","given":"Qing-zhu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Young, Megan B. 0000-0002-0229-4108 mbyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-4108","contributorId":3315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Megan","email":"mbyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Harter, Thomas","contributorId":178245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harter","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70178377,"text":"70178377 - 2016 - Parallelization of the TRIGRS model for rainfall-induced landslides using the message passing interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-15T12:48:53","indexId":"70178377","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parallelization of the TRIGRS model for rainfall-induced landslides using the message passing interface","docAbstract":"We describe a parallel implementation of TRIGRS, the Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability Model for the timing and distribution of rainfall-induced shallow landslides. We have parallelized the four time-demanding execution modes of TRIGRS, namely both the saturated and unsaturated model with finite and infinite soil depth options, within the Message Passing Interface framework. In addition to new features of the code, we outline details of the parallel implementation and show the performance gain with respect to the serial code. Results are obtained both on commercial hardware and on a high-performance multi-node machine, showing the different limits of applicability of the new code. We also discuss the implications for the application of the model on large-scale areas and as a tool for real-time landslide hazard monitoring.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.04.002","usgsCitation":"Alvioli, M., and Baum, R., 2016, Parallelization of the TRIGRS model for rainfall-induced landslides using the message passing interface: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 81, p. 122-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.04.002.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"122","endPage":"135","ipdsId":"IP-074052","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M044QS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"TRIGRS version 2.1"},{"id":438602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F73J3B27","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Serial and parallel versions of the Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability Model (TRIGRS)"},{"id":438601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7ZW1J08","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Map and model input and output data covering N 40.0 40.375 and W 105.25 105.625 in the northern Colorado Front Range for analysis of debris flow initiation resulting from the storm of September 9 13, 2013"},{"id":331019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582c2ce6e4b0c253be072c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvioli, M.","contributorId":36829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvioli","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baum, R.L.","contributorId":68752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70182719,"text":"70182719 - 2016 - Acid mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-16T14:23:17","indexId":"70182719","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Acid mine drainage","docAbstract":"Acid mine drainage (AMD) consists of metal-laden solutions produced by the oxidative dissolution of iron sulfide minerals exposed to air, moisture, and acidophilic microbes during the mining of coal and metal deposits. The pH of AMD is usually in the range of 2–6, but mine-impacted waters at circumneutral pH (5–8) are also common. Mine drainage usually contains elevated concentrations of sulfate, iron, aluminum, and other potentially toxic metals leached from rock that hydrolyze and coprecipitate to form rust-colored encrustations or sediments. When AMD is discharged into surface waters or groundwaters, degradation of water quality, injury to aquatic life, and corrosion or encrustation of engineered structures can occur for substantial distances. Prevention and remediation strategies should consider the biogeochemical complexity of the system, the longevity of AMD pollution, the predictive power of geochemical modeling, and the full range of available field technologies for problem mitigation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Soil Science, Third Edition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group","doi":"10.1081/E-ESS3-120053867","usgsCitation":"Bigham, J.M., and Cravotta, C., 2016, Acid mine drainage, chap. of Encyclopedia of Soil Science, Third Edition, p. 6-10, https://doi.org/10.1081/E-ESS3-120053867.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-065457","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41be4b0849ce97dc74a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bigham, Jerry M.","contributorId":184052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bigham","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":178696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A. ","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":673445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176820,"text":"70176820 - 2016 - Fault zone characteristics and basin complexity in the southern Salton Trough, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-11T13:03:55","indexId":"70176820","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fault zone characteristics and basin complexity in the southern Salton Trough, California","docAbstract":"Ongoing oblique slip at the Pacific–North America plate boundary in the Salton Trough produced the Imperial Valley (California, USA), a seismically active area with deformation distributed across a complex network of exposed and buried faults. To better understand the shallow crustal structure in this region and the connectivity of faults and seismicity lineaments, we used data primarily from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project to construct a three-dimensional P-wave velocity model down to 8 km depth and a velocity profile to 15 km depth, both at 1 km grid spacing. A VP = 5.65–5.85 km/s layer of possibly metamorphosed sediments within, and crystalline basement outside, the valley is locally as thick as 5 km, but is thickest and deepest in fault zones and near seismicity lineaments, suggesting a causative relationship between the low velocities and faulting. Both seismicity lineaments and surface faults control the structural architecture of the western part of the larger wedge-shaped basin, where two deep subbasins are located. We estimate basement depths, and show that high velocities at shallow depths and possible basement highs characterize the geothermal areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G38033.1","usgsCitation":"Persaud, P., Ma, Y., Stock, J.M., Hole, J.A., Fuis, G.S., and Han, L., 2016, Fault zone characteristics and basin complexity in the southern Salton Trough, California: Geology, v. 44, no. 9, p. 747-750, https://doi.org/10.1130/G38033.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"747","endPage":"750","ipdsId":"IP-078827","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Trough","volume":"44","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe679ee4b0824b2d143711","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Persaud, Patricia","contributorId":175210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persaud","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, Yiran","contributorId":175211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Yiran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stock, Joann M.","contributorId":21057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stock","given":"Joann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hole, John A.","contributorId":104801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hole","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fuis, Gary S. 0000-0002-3078-1544 fuis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-1544","contributorId":2639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"Gary","email":"fuis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Han, Liang","contributorId":49690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"Liang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70185035,"text":"70185035 - 2016 - Potential evapotranspiration and continental drying","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T12:03:53","indexId":"70185035","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential evapotranspiration and continental drying","docAbstract":"By various measures (drought area and intensity, climatic aridity index, and climatic water deficits), some observational analyses have suggested that much of the Earth’s land has been drying during recent decades, but such drying seems inconsistent with observations of dryland greening and decreasing pan evaporation. ‘Offline’ analyses of climate-model outputs from anthropogenic climate change (ACC) experiments portend continuation of putative drying through the twenty-first century, despite an expected increase in global land precipitation. A ubiquitous increase in estimates of potential evapotranspiration (PET), driven by atmospheric warming, underlies the drying trends, but may be a methodological artefact. Here we show that the PET estimator commonly used (the Penman–Monteith PET for either an open-water surface or a reference crop) severely overpredicts the changes in non-water-stressed evapotranspiration computed in the climate models themselves in ACC experiments. This overprediction is partially due to neglect of stomatal conductance reductions commonly induced by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations in climate models. Our findings imply that historical and future tendencies towards continental drying, as characterized by offline-computed runoff, as well as other PET-dependent metrics, may be considerably weaker and less extensive than previously thought.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nclimate3046","usgsCitation":"Milly, P., and Dunne, K.A., 2016, Potential evapotranspiration and continental drying: Nature Climate Change, v. 6, p. 946-949, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3046.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"946","endPage":"949","ipdsId":"IP-072538","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337494,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90127e4b0849ce97abce9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milly, Paul C.D. 0000-0003-4389-3139 cmilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3139","contributorId":2119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul C.D.","email":"cmilly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":684027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunne, Krista A. kadunne@usgs.gov","contributorId":3936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunne","given":"Krista","email":"kadunne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184978,"text":"70184978 - 2016 - Contemporary deformation in the Yakima fold and thrust belt estimated with GPS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T16:01:22","indexId":"70184978","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporary deformation in the Yakima fold and thrust belt estimated with GPS","docAbstract":"Geodetic, geologic and palaeomagnetic data reveal that Oregon (western USA) rotates clockwise at 0.3 to 1.0° Ma−1 (relative to North America) about an axis near the Idaho–Oregon–Washington border, while northeast Washington is relatively fixed. This rotation has been going on for at least 15 Ma. The Yakima fold and thrust belt (YFTB) forms the boundary between northern Oregon and central Washington where convergence of the clockwise-rotating Oregon block is apparently accommodated. North–south shortening across the YFTB has been thought to occur in a fan-like manner, increasing in rate to the west. We obtained high-accuracy, high-density geodetic GPS measurements in 2012–2014 that are used with earlier GPS measurements from the 1990s to characterize YFTB kinematics. The new results show that the deformation associated with the YFTB starts at the Blue Mountains Anticline in northern Oregon and extends north beyond the Frenchman Hills in Washington, past the epicentre of the 1872 Mw 7.0 Entiat earthquake to 49°N. The north–south strain rate across the region is 2 to 3 × 10−9 yr−1 between the volcanic arc and the eastern edge of the YFTB (241.0°E); east of there it drops to about 10−9 yr−1. At the eastern boundary of the YFTB, faults and earthquake activity are truncated by a north-trending, narrow zone of deformation that runs along the Pasco Basin and Moses Lake regions near 240.9°E. This zone, abutting the Department of Energy Hanford Nuclear Reservation, accommodates about 0.5 mm yr−1 of east to northeast shortening. A similar zone of N-trending transpression is seen along 239.9°E where there is a change in the strike of the Yakima folds. The modern deformation of the YFTB is about 600 km wide from south to north and internally may be controlled by pre-existing crustal structure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggw252","usgsCitation":"McCaffrey, R., King, R.W., Wells, R.E., Lancaster, M., and Miller, M.M., 2016, Contemporary deformation in the Yakima fold and thrust belt estimated with GPS: Geophysical Journal International, v. 207, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw252.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-073652","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw252","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"207","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90127e4b0849ce97abced","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCaffrey, Robert","contributorId":189078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCaffrey","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Robert W.","contributorId":189079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":149772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lancaster, Matthew","contributorId":189080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lancaster","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, M. Meghan","contributorId":189081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Meghan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70184330,"text":"70184330 - 2016 - Predicting arsenic in drinking water wells of the Central Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-12T16:43:45","indexId":"70184330","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting arsenic in drinking water wells of the Central Valley, California","docAbstract":"Probabilities of arsenic in groundwater at depths used for domestic and public supply in the Central Valley of California are predicted using weak-learner ensemble models (boosted regression trees, BRT) and more traditional linear models (logistic regression, LR). Both methods captured major processes that affect arsenic concentrations, such as the chemical evolution of groundwater, redox differences, and the influence of aquifer geochemistry. Inferred flow-path length was the most important variable but near-surface-aquifer geochemical data also were significant. A unique feature of this study was that previously predicted nitrate concentrations in three dimensions were themselves predictive of arsenic and indicated an important redox effect at >10 μg/L, indicating low arsenic where nitrate was high. Additionally, a variable representing three-dimensional aquifer texture from the Central Valley Hydrologic Model was an important predictor, indicating high arsenic associated with fine-grained aquifer sediment. BRT outperformed LR at the 5 μg/L threshold in all five predictive performance measures and at 10 μg/L in four out of five measures. BRT yielded higher prediction sensitivity (39%) than LR (18%) at the 10 μg/L threshold–a useful outcome because a major objective of the modeling was to improve our ability to predict high arsenic areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b01914","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J.D., Nolan, B.T., and Gronberg, J.M., 2016, Predicting arsenic in drinking water wells of the Central Valley, California: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 50, no. 14, p. 7555-7563, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01914.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"7555","endPage":"7563","ipdsId":"IP-074943","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","volume":"50","issue":"14","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4f6e4b014cc3a3ba4c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph D. 0000-0002-1892-2738 jayotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-2738","contributorId":149619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph","email":"jayotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nolan, Bernard T. 0000-0002-6945-9659 btnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":2190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"Bernard","email":"btnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gronberg, JoAnn M. 0000-0003-4822-7434 jmgronbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4822-7434","contributorId":3548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gronberg","given":"JoAnn","email":"jmgronbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70184453,"text":"70184453 - 2016 - Design and testing of a mesocosm-scale habitat for culturing the endangered Devils Hole Pupfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T11:24:19","indexId":"70184453","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design and testing of a mesocosm-scale habitat for culturing the endangered Devils Hole Pupfish","docAbstract":"aptive propagation of desert spring fishes, whether for conservation or research, is often difficult, given the unique and often challenging environments these fish utilize in nature. High temperatures, low dissolved oxygen, minimal water flow, and highly variable lighting are some conditions a researcher might need to recreate to simulate their natural environments. Here we describe a mesocosm-scale habitat created to maintain hybrid Devils Hole × Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis × C. nevadensis mionectes) under conditions similar to those found in Devils Hole, Nevada. This 13,000-L system utilized flow control and natural processes to maintain these conditions rather than utilizing complex and expensive automation. We designed a rotating solar collector to control natural sunlight, a biological reactor to consume oxygen while buffering water quality, and a reverse-daylight photosynthesis sump system to stabilize nighttime pH and swings in dissolved oxygen levels. This system successfully controlled many desired parameters and helped inform development of a larger, more permanent desert fish conservation facility at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada. For others who need to raise fish from unique habitats, many components of the scalable and modular design of this system can be adapted at reasonable cost.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15222055.2016.1159626","usgsCitation":"Feuerbacher, O., Bonar, S.A., and Barrett, P.J., 2016, Design and testing of a mesocosm-scale habitat for culturing the endangered Devils Hole Pupfish: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 78, no. 3, p. 259-269, https://doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2016.1159626.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"269","ipdsId":"IP-076020","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c277dbe4b014cc3a3e76cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feuerbacher, Olin","contributorId":187760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feuerbacher","given":"Olin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrett, Paul J.","contributorId":187761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrett","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155241,"text":"70155241 - 2016 - Spawning site fidelity of wild and hatchery lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in northern Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-01T09:59:33","indexId":"70155241","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spawning site fidelity of wild and hatchery lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in northern Lake Huron","docAbstract":"Fidelity to high-quality spawning sites helps ensure that adults repeatedly spawn at sites that maximize reproductive success. Fidelity is also an important behavioural characteristic to consider when hatchery-reared individuals are stocked for species restoration, because artificial rearing environments may interfere with cues that guide appropriate spawning site selection. Acoustic telemetry was used in conjunction with Cormack–Jolly–Seber capture–recapture models to compare degree of spawning site fidelity of wild and hatchery-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in northern Lake Huron. Annual survival was estimated to be between 77% and 81% and did not differ among wild and hatchery males and females. Site fidelity estimates were high in both wild and hatchery-reared lake trout (ranging from 0.78 to 0.94, depending on group and time filter), but were slightly lower in hatchery-reared fish than in wild fish. The ecological implication of the small difference in site fidelity between wild and hatchery-reared lake trout is unclear, but similarities in estimates suggest that many hatchery-reared fish use similar spawning sites to wild fish and that most return to those sites annually for spawning.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0175","usgsCitation":"Binder, T., Riley, S.C., Holbrook, C., Hansen, M.J., Bergstedt, R.A., Bronte, C.R., He, J., and Krueger, C., 2016, Spawning site fidelity of wild and hatchery lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in northern Lake Huron: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 1, p. 18-34, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0175.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064734","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57778629e4b07dd077c878f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Binder, Thomas 0000-0001-9266-9120 tbinder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9266-9120","contributorId":4958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binder","given":"Thomas","email":"tbinder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riley, Stephen C. 0000-0002-8968-8416 sriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8968-8416","contributorId":2661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Stephen","email":"sriley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holbrook, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8203-6856 cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":139681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Michael J. 0000-0001-8522-3876 michaelhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3876","contributorId":5006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Michael","email":"michaelhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"He, Ji","contributorId":172649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"He","given":"Ji","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":67821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70155914,"text":"70155914 - 2016 - Geology and hydrocarbon potential of the Dead Sea Rift Basins of Israel and Jordan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T12:20:26","indexId":"70155914","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5128,"text":"GCSSEPM Foundation Perkins-Rosen Research Conference Proceedings","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and hydrocarbon potential of the Dead Sea Rift Basins of Israel and Jordan","docAbstract":"Following its middle Miocene inception, numerous basins of varying lengths and depths developed along the Dead Sea fault zone, a large continental transform plate boundary. The modern day left-lateral fault zone has an accumulated left-lateral offset of 105 to 110 km (65 to 68 mi). The deepest basin along the fault zone, the Lake Lisan or Dead Sea basin, reaches depths of 7.5 to 8.5 km (24,500 ft to 28,000 ft), and shows evidence of hydrocarbons. The basins are compartmentalized by normal faulting associated with rapid basin subsidence and, where present, domal uplift accompanying synrift salt withdrawal.
\nThe stratigraphy of the fault zone is composed of a thick pre-wrench interval of early Tertiary to Precambrian strata overlain by a syn-wrench section of Miocene to Recent sediments. The main potential source rock is the pre-wrench Cretaceous Maastrichtian Ghareb Formation (and equivalents), which has a total organic carbon (TOC) content measurement of 8 to 18%. Lesser potential source rocks may also be found in the Pleistocene, Cretaceous (Turonian), Jurassic (Oxfordian–Callovian), and Triassic (Ladinian–Carnian).
\nGeochemical analyses indicate that the source of all oils, asphalts, and tars recovered in the Lake Lisan basin is the Ghareb Formation. Geothermal gradients along the Dead Sea fault zone vary from basin to basin. Syn-wrench potential reservoir rocks are highly porous and permeable, whereas pre-wrench strata commonly exhibit lower porosity and permeability. Biogenic gas has been produced from Pleistocene reservoirs. Potential sealing intervals may be present in Neogene evaporites and tight lacustrine limestones and shales. Simple structural traps are not evident; however, subsalt traps may exist. Unconventional source rock reservoir potential has not been tested.
","language":"English","publisher":"GCSSEPM Foundation","doi":"10.5724/gcs.15.34.0521","usgsCitation":"Coleman, J.L., and ten Brink, U., 2016, Geology and hydrocarbon potential of the Dead Sea Rift Basins of Israel and Jordan: GCSSEPM Foundation Perkins-Rosen Research Conference Proceedings, v. 34, p. 521-553, https://doi.org/10.5724/gcs.15.34.0521.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"521","endPage":"553","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067308","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780ceb7e4b081161682234b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, James L. jlcoleman@usgs.gov","contributorId":141060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"James","email":"jlcoleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":566805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193661,"text":"70193661 - 2016 - Slab melting and magma formation beneath the southern Cascade arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T15:21:45","indexId":"70193661","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slab melting and magma formation beneath the southern Cascade arc","docAbstract":"The processes that drive magma formation beneath the Cascade arc and other warm-slab subduction zones have been debated because young oceanic crust is predicted to largely dehydrate beneath the forearc during subduction. In addition, geochemical variability along strike in the Cascades has led to contrasting interpretations about the role of volatiles in magma generation. Here, we focus on the Lassen segment of the Cascade arc, where previous work has demonstrated across-arc geochemical variations related to subduction enrichment, and H-isotope data suggest that H2O in basaltic magmas is derived from the final breakdown of chlorite in the mantle portion of the slab. We use naturally glassy, olivine-hosted melt inclusions (MI) from the tephra deposits of eight primitive (MgO>7 wt%) basaltic cinder cones to quantify the pre-eruptive volatile contents of mantle-derived melts in this region. The melt inclusions have B concentrations and isotope ratios that are similar to mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), suggesting extensive dehydration of the downgoing plate prior to reaching sub-arc depths and little input of slab-derived B into the mantle wedge. However, correlations of volatile and trace element ratios (H2O/Ce, Cl/Nb, Sr/Nd) in the melt inclusions demonstrate that geochemical variability is the result of variable addition of a hydrous subduction component to the mantle wedge. Furthermore, correlations between subduction component tracers and radiogenic isotope ratios show that the subduction component has less radiogenic Sr and Pb than the Lassen sub-arc mantle, which can be explained by melting of subducted Gorda MORB beneath the arc. Agreement between pMELTS melting models and melt inclusion volatile, major, and trace element data suggests that hydrous slab melt addition to the mantle wedge can produce the range in primitive compositions erupted in the Lassen region. Our results provide further evidence that chlorite-derived fluids from the mantle portion of the slab (∼7–9 km below the slab top) cause flux melting of the subducted oceanic crust, producing hydrous slab melts that migrate into the overlying mantle, where they react with peridotite to induce further melting.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2016.03.044","usgsCitation":"Walowski, K.J., Wallace, P.J., Clynne, M.A., Rasmussen, D., and Weis, D., 2016, Slab melting and magma formation beneath the southern Cascade arc: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 446, p. 100-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.03.044.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-066861","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/ac26caa7-78c7-4d82-b689-f1ab62b89bd3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascades","volume":"446","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2ea6e4b0531197b27f8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walowski, Kristina J.","contributorId":199699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walowski","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, Paul J.","contributorId":199700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wallace","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rasmussen, D.J.","contributorId":199701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weis, D.","contributorId":199702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weis","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188282,"text":"70188282 - 2016 - Relating carbon and nitrogen isotope effects to reaction mechanisms during aerobic or anaerobic degradation of RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine) by pure bacterial cultures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-05T12:57:21","indexId":"70188282","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relating carbon and nitrogen isotope effects to reaction mechanisms during aerobic or anaerobic degradation of RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine) by pure bacterial cultures","docAbstract":"Kinetic isotopic fractionation of carbon and nitrogen during RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) biodegradation was investigated with pure bacterial cultures under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Relatively large bulk enrichments in 15N were observed during biodegradation of RDX via anaerobic ring cleavage (ε15N = −12.7‰ ± 0.8‰) and anaerobic nitro reduction (ε15N = −9.9‰ ± 0.7‰), in comparison to smaller effects during biodegradation via aerobic denitration (ε15N = −2.4‰ ± 0.2‰). 13C enrichment was negligible during aerobic RDX biodegradation (ε13C = −0.8‰ ± 0.5‰) but larger during anaerobic degradation (ε13C = −4.0‰ ± 0.8‰), with modest variability among genera. Dual-isotope ε13C/ε15N analyses indicated that the three biodegradation pathways could be distinguished isotopically from each other and from abiotic degradation mechanisms. Compared to the initial RDX bulk δ15N value of +9‰, δ15N values of the NO2− released from RDX ranged from −7‰ to +2‰ during aerobic biodegradation and from −42‰ to −24‰ during anaerobic biodegradation. Numerical reaction models indicated that N isotope effects of NO2− production were much larger than, but systematically related to, the bulk RDX N isotope effects with different bacteria. Apparent intrinsic ε15N-NO2− values were consistent with an initial denitration pathway in the aerobic experiments and more complex processes of NO2− formation associated with anaerobic ring cleavage. These results indicate the potential for isotopic analysis of residual RDX for the differentiation of degradation pathways and indicate that further efforts to examine the isotopic composition of potential RDX degradation products (e.g., NOx) in the environment are warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.00073-16","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M.E., Heraty, L.J., Condee, C.W., Vainberg, S., Sturchio, N.C., Bohlke, J., and Hatzinger, P., 2016, Relating carbon and nitrogen isotope effects to reaction mechanisms during aerobic or anaerobic degradation of RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine) by pure bacterial cultures: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 82, no. 11, p. 3297-3309, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00073-16.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3297","endPage":"3309","ipdsId":"IP-073072","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470803,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00073-16","text":"External Repository"},{"id":342096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59366da9e4b0f6c2d0d7d628","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Mark E.","contributorId":192618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heraty, Linnea J.","contributorId":192520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heraty","given":"Linnea","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Condee, Charles W.","contributorId":192619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Condee","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vainberg, Simon","contributorId":192620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vainberg","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":149375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hatzinger, Paul B.","contributorId":43204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatzinger","given":"Paul B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70187758,"text":"70187758 - 2016 - Preface: Impacts of extreme climate events and disturbances on carbon dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T10:54:46","indexId":"70187758","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface: Impacts of extreme climate events and disturbances on carbon dynamics","docAbstract":"The impacts of extreme climate events and disturbances (ECE&D) on the carbon cycle have received growing attention in recent years. This special issue showcases a collection of recent advances in understanding the impacts of ECE&D on carbon cycling. Notable advances include quantifying how harvesting activities impact forest structure, carbon pool dynamics, and recovery processes; observed drastic increases of the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and dissolved methane in thermokarst lakes in western Siberia during a summer warming event; disentangling the roles of herbivores and fire on forest carbon dioxide flux; direct and indirect impacts of fire on the global carbon balance; and improved atmospheric inversion of regional carbon sources and sinks by incorporating disturbances. Combined, studies herein indicate several major research needs. First, disturbances and extreme events can interact with one another, and it is important to understand their overall impacts and also disentangle their effects on the carbon cycle. Second, current ecosystem models are not skillful enough to correctly simulate the underlying processes and impacts of ECE&D (e.g., tree mortality and carbon consequences). Third, benchmark data characterizing the timing, location, type, and magnitude of disturbances must be systematically created to improve our ability to quantify carbon dynamics over large areas. Finally, improving the representation of ECE&D in regional climate/earth system models and accounting for the resulting feedbacks to climate are essential for understanding the interactions between climate and ecosystem dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-13-3665-2016","usgsCitation":"Xiao, J., Liu, S., and Stoy, P., 2016, Preface: Impacts of extreme climate events and disturbances on carbon dynamics: Biogeosciences, v. 13, p. 3665-3675, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3665-2016.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3665","endPage":"3675","ipdsId":"IP-069417","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3665-2016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e25bce4b0764e6c61b73b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xiao, Jingfeng","contributorId":66998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiao","given":"Jingfeng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoy, Paul C.","contributorId":60860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoy","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}