This response is offered to the critique by Gard et al. (2021) of our meta-analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-induced toxicity data in fish (Berninger and Tillitt 2019). Gard et al. (2021) offered numerous comments, the most substantive suggesting that 1) we should have added no-observable–adverse effect residue (NOAER) data from additional studies and all data points from selected studies, and 2) the uncertainty of aggregating data from different PCB mixtures, different species, and different life stages is too great based on a limited data set. The additional studies Gard et al. suggested either were not designed to produce toxicological data, had experimental design issues, were confounded by co-contaminants, or did not contain paired exposure–effects data and as such were not appropriate to add to the data set. Lowest-observable–adverse effect residue (LOAER) values were selected for our analysis because they represent population sensitivities from the central portions of a frequency distribution (the linear portion of dose–response curves). As a consequence, there is less uncertainty in these input data (LOAER values) and greater confidence that they accurately represent the response of fish populations tested. Modeling NOAER values is in the extrapolation portion of a dose–response relationship and subject to enhanced uncertainty. The Gard et al. (2021) critique ignores this fundamental principle of toxicology and adds/deletes data points from our data set without clear selection criteria, which artificially enhances the uncertainty of their models that ultimately are not useful. We reject the premise that it is better to use individual study data as opposed to aggregation of PCB-induced toxicity thresholds in fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)","doi":"10.1002/etc.5074","usgsCitation":"Berninger, J., and Tillitt, D.E., 2021, Response to Gard et al.'s (2021) Comments on the Critical Review “Polychlorinated Biphenyl Tissue-Concentration Thresholds for Survival, Growth, and Reproduction in Fish”: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 8, no. 40, p. 2098-2109, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5074.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2098","endPage":"2109","ipdsId":"IP-127386","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5074","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berninger, Jason P.","contributorId":173602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berninger","given":"Jason P.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70222488,"text":"70222488 - 2021 - Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-20T14:03:49.530468","indexId":"70222488","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-22T08:23:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6505,"text":"Nature Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts","docAbstract":"Restoration of degraded drylands is urgently needed to mitigate climate change, reverse desertification and secure livelihoods for the two billion people who live in these areas. Bold global targets have been set for dryland restoration to restore millions of hectares of degraded land. These targets have been questioned as overly ambitious, but without a global evaluation of successes and failures it is impossible to gauge feasibility. Here we examine restoration seeding outcomes across 174 sites on six continents, encompassing 594,065 observations of 671 plant species. Our findings suggest reasons for optimism. Seeding had a positive impact on species presence: in almost a third of all treatments, 100% of species seeded were growing at first monitoring. However, dryland restoration is risky: 17% of projects failed, with no establishment of any seeded species, and consistent declines were found in seeded species as projects matured. Across projects, higher seeding rates and larger seed sizes resulted in a greater probability of recruitment, with further influences on species success including site aridity, taxonomic identity and species life form. Our findings suggest that investigations examining these predictive factors will yield more effective and informed restoration decision-making.
Hatchery-raised, age-0 Florida bass Micropterus floridanus are commonly used for fish enhancement efforts to support popular recreational fisheries and are ecologically important as both a food source and consumer. Despite their importance and frequent use of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) habitats, critical information is lacking on the specific characteristics of SAV that influence habitat occupancy. Using the SAV species Vallisneria americana and Potamogeton illinoensis, which are native to the southeast USA, and the invasive SAV Hydrilla verticillata, we conducted seven different habitat choice experiments to examine hatchery-raised, age-0 M. floridanus habitat use of different SAV populations (i.e., hydrologically isolated collection sources of varied physical characteristics), population diversity (i.e., increased richness of genotypically and phenotypically variable SAV), species, and species diversity (i.e., increased species richness). Fish spent more time in taller, larger V. americana but did not seem to favor any particular P. illinoensis population, SAV species, or species diversity tested. Additionally, fish spent more time in increased V. americana population diversity when the populations used were randomized, but fish spent more time in decreased population diversity when their favored V. americana population was used in all choices. This research adds additional nuance to our understanding of optimal vegetation for fish habitat use and is informative for future SAV plantings and invasive SAV management aimed at maximizing fish habitat and restoring recreational fisheries.
In the Northern Rockies of the United States, predators like wolves (Canis lupus) and mountain lions (Puma concolor) have been implicated in fluctuations or declines in populations of game species like elk (Cervus canadensis) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). In particular, local distributions of these predators may affect ungulate behavior, use of space, and dynamics. Our goal was to develop generalizable predictions of habitat selection by wolves and mountain lions across western Montana. We hypothesized both predator species would select habitat that maximized their chances of encountering and killing ungulates and that minimized their chances of encountering humans. We assessed habitat selection by these predators during summer using within-home range (3rd order) resource selection functions (RSFs) in multiple study areas throughout western Montana, and tested how generalizable RSF predictions were by applying them to out-of-sample telemetry data from separate study areas. Selection for vegetation cover-types varied substantially among wolves in different study areas. Nonetheless, our predictions of 3rd order selection by wolves were highly generalizable across different study areas. Wolves consistently selected simple topography where ungulate prey may be more susceptible to their cursorial hunting mode. Topographic features may serve as better proxies of predation risk by wolves than vegetation cover-types. Predictions of mountain lion distribution were less generalizable. Use of rugged terrain by mountain lions varied across ecosystem-types, likely because mountain lions targeted the habitats of different prey species in each study area. Our findings suggest that features that facilitate the hunting mode of a predator (i.e. simple topography for cursorial predators and hiding cover for stalking predators) may be more generalizable predictors of their habitat selection than features associated with local prey densities.
The management of North American waterfowl is predicated on long-term, continental scale banding implemented prior to the hunting season (i.e., July–September) and subsequent reporting of bands recovered by hunters. However, single-season banding and encounter operations have a number of characteristics that limit their application to estimating demographic rates and evaluating hypothesized limiting factors throughout the annual cycle. We designed and implemented a 2-season banding program for American black ducks (Anas rubripes), mallards (A. platyrhynchos), and hybrids in eastern North America to evaluate potential application to annual life cycle conservation and sport harvest management. We assessed model fit and compared estimates of annual survival among data types (i.e., pre-hunting season only [July–September], post-hunting season only [January–March], and 2-season [pre- and post-hunting season]) to evaluate model assumptions and potential application to population modeling and management. There was generally high agreement between estimates of annual survival derived using 2-season and pre-season only data for all age and sex cohorts. Estimates of annual survival derived from post-season banding data only were consistently higher for adult females and juveniles of both sexes. We found patterns of seasonal survival varied by species, age, and to a lesser extent, sex. Hunter recovered birds exhibited similar spatial distributions regardless of banding season suggesting banded samples were from the same population. In contrast, Goodness-Of-Fit tests suggest this assumption was statistically violated in some regions and years. We conclude that estimates of seasonal and annual survival for black ducks and mallards based on the 2-season banding program are valid and accurate based on model fit statistics, similarity in survival estimates across data and models, and similarities in the distribution of recoveries. The 2-season program provides greater precision and insight into the survival process and will improve the ability of researchers and managers to test competing hypotheses regarding population regulation resulting in more effective management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2425","usgsCitation":"Devers, P.K., Emmet, R., Boomer, G.S., Zimmerman, G.S., and Royle, J., 2021, Evaluation of a two-season banding program to estimate and model migratory bird survival: Ecological Applications, v. 31, no. 7, e02425, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2425.","productDescription":"e02425, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127019","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Devers, Patrick K.","contributorId":261406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devers","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7199,"text":"US FWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emmet, Robert L.","contributorId":261407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emmet","given":"Robert L.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boomer, G. Scott 0000-0001-5854-3604","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5854-3604","contributorId":261408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boomer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":7199,"text":"US FWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":819983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Guthrie S.","contributorId":261410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Guthrie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7199,"text":"US FWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":3504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70226499,"text":"70226499 - 2021 - Is the grass always greener? Land surface phenology reveals differences in peak and season-long vegetation productivity responses to climate and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-22T13:10:05.542882","indexId":"70226499","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-22T07:04:09","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is the grass always greener? Land surface phenology reveals differences in peak and season-long vegetation productivity responses to climate and management","docAbstract":"Vegetation phenology—the seasonal timing and duration of vegetative phases—is controlled by spatiotemporally variable contributions of climatic and environmental factors plus additional potential influence from human management. We used land surface phenology derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer and climate data to examine variability in vegetation productivity and phenological dates from 1989 to 2014 in the U.S. Northwestern Plains, a region with notable spatial heterogeneity in climate, vegetation, and land use. We first analyzed interannual trends in six phenological measures as a baseline. We then demonstrated how including annual-resolution predictors can provide more nuanced insights into measures of phenology between plant communities and across the ecoregion. Across the study area, higher annual precipitation increased both peak and season-long productivity. In contrast, higher mean annual temperatures tended to increase peak productivity but for the majority of the study area decreased season-long productivity. Annual precipitation and temperature had strong explanatory power for productivity-related phenology measures but predicted date-based measures poorly. We found that relationships between climate and phenology varied across the region and among plant communities and that factors such as recovery from disturbance and anthropogenic management also contributed in certain regions. In sum, phenological measures did not respond ubiquitously nor covary in their responses. Nonclimatic dynamics can decouple phenology from climate; therefore, analyses including only interannual trends should not assume climate alone drives patterns. For example, models of areas exhibiting greening or browning should account for climate, anthropogenic influence, and natural disturbances. Investigating multiple aspects of phenology to describe growing-season dynamics provides a richer understanding of spatiotemporal patterns that can be used for predicting ecosystem responses to future climates and land-use change. Such understanding allows for clearer interpretation of results for conservation, wildlife, and land management.
As agriculture expands to meet the needs of a growing global population, natural ecosystems are threatened by deforestation and habitat fragmentation. Tropical agroforestry systems offer a sustainable alternative to traditional agriculture by providing food for production while also supporting biodiversity and ecosystem services. Previous studies have shown that these systems may even improve crop pollination, but the mechanisms of how these improvements occur are still poorly understood. Using coffee as a focal crop, we explored how microclimatic conditions affected nectar traits (sugar and caffeine concentration) important for pollinator visitation. We also studied how microclimate, floral traits, floral availability at the coffee plant level, availability of floral resources provided by other plant species in the agroecosystem (neighborhood floral availability), and the presence of other bees affected the amount of time bees spent foraging on coffee flowers and the proportion of coffee pollen carried on their bodies. We explored these factors using the two dominant coffee species farmed on Puerto Rico, Coffea canephora and C. arabica, under sun and shade management. We found that high nectar sugar concentration and temperature were important predictors of short floral visits (<15 seconds), while increased number of bees and open coffee flowers were important predictors of longer floral visits (16-180 seconds). High nectar caffeine concentration was an important predictor of longer visits on C. arabica flowers while the opposite was observed for C. canephora flowers. For both species, high coffee floral availability was the main predicting factor for the proportion of coffee pollen on the bees bodies. Surprisingly, neither neighborhood floral availability nor the type of coffee plantation (agroforest/shade or sun) were important predictors of bee visitation. These results suggest non-coffee flowering plants in coffee plantations were neither competitors nor facilitators of coffee plantes for pollinators. Additionally, most of the bees surveyed were carrying 80% pollen from one species (C. arabica or C. canephora), likely resulting in little heterospecific pollen deposition between Coffea and non-Coffea flowers. Shade trees in coffee plantations do not detract from pollinator visitation to coffee flowers, suggesting that the provision of multiple ecological and wildlife conservation benefits by shade trees is not in conflict with a growers ability to maximize the benefits of insect pollination on fruit production.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2020.107196","usgsCitation":"Prado, S., Collazo, J.A., Marand, M., and Irwin, R., 2021, The influence of floral resources and microclimate on pollinator visitation in an agro-ecosystem: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 307, 107196, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107196.","productDescription":"107196, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116109","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107196","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Adjuntas Lares,Las Marias, Maricao, Puerto Rico Utuado","volume":"307","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prado, S.G.","contributorId":242938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prado","given":"S.G.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":217287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marand, M.H.","contributorId":275849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marand","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, R.E.","contributorId":242940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irwin","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":58027,"text":"ofr20041348 - 2021 - Hazard analysis of landslides triggered by Typhoon Chata’an on July 2, 2002, in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-29T20:22:29.930774","indexId":"ofr20041348","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-21T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1348","displayTitle":"Hazard Analysis of Landslides Triggered by Typhoon Chata’an on July 2, 2002, in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia","title":"Hazard analysis of landslides triggered by Typhoon Chata’an on July 2, 2002, in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia","docAbstract":"More than 250 landslides were triggered across the eastern volcanic islands of Chuuk State in the Federated States of Micronesia by torrential rainfall from tropical storm Chata’an on July 2, 2002. Landslides triggered during nearly 20 inches of rainfall in less than 24 hours caused 43 fatalities and the destruction or damage of 231 structures, including homes, schools, community centers, and medical dispensaries. Landslides also buried roads, crops, and water supplies. The landslides ranged in volume from a few cubic meters to more than 1 million cubic meters. Most of the failures began as slumps and transformed into debris flows, some of which traveled several hundred meters across coastal flatlands into populated areas. A landslide-inventory map produced after the storm shows that the island of Tonoas had the largest area affected by landslides, although the islands of Weno, Fefan, Etten, Uman, Siis, Udot, Eot, and Fanapanges also had significant landslides. Based on observations since the storm, we estimate the continuing hazard from landslides triggered by Chata’an to be relatively low. However, tropical storms and typhoons similar to Chata’an frequently develop in Micronesia and are likely to affect the islands of Chuuk in the future.
To assess the landslide hazard from future tropical storms, we produced a hazard map that identifies landslide-source areas of high, moderate, and low hazard. This map can be used to identify relatively safe areas for relocating structures or establishing areas where people could gather for shelter in relative safety during future typhoons or tropical storms similar to Chata’an.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041348","productDescription":"Report: 22 p.; 2 Plates: 35.71 x 40.02 inches","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387302,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1348/ofr20041348_plate1_Revision.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1348 Plate 1","linkHelpText":"Landslide Inventory Map of Chuuk Islands Affected by Typhoon Chata'an"},{"id":182255,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1348/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":387301,"rank":2,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1348/versionHist.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2004-1348 version history"},{"id":387300,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1348/ofr20041348_pamphlet_Revision.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1348 Pamphlet"},{"id":387303,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1348/ofr20041348_plate2_Revision.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1348 Plate 2","linkHelpText":"Debris-Flow Hazard Map of Chuuk Islands Affected by Typhoon Chata’an"},{"id":391875,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_69259.htm"}],"country":"Federated States of Micronesia","state":"Chuuk State","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 151.675,\n 7.2789\n ],\n [\n 151.9022,\n 7.2789\n ],\n [\n 151.9022,\n 7.4689\n ],\n [\n 151.675,\n 7.4689\n ],\n [\n 151.675,\n 7.2789\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.1: July 21, 2021","contact":"Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 966
Denver, CO 80225
Autumn and winter Santa Ana wind (SAW)–driven wildfires play a substantial role in area burned and societal losses in southern California. Temperature during the event and antecedent precipitation in the week or month prior play a minor role in determining area burned. Burning is dependent on wind intensity and number of human-ignited fires. Over 75% of all SAW events generate no fires; rather, fires during a SAW event are dependent on a fire being ignited. Models explained 40 to 50% of area burned, with number of ignitions being the strongest variable. One hundred percent of SAW fires were human caused, and in the past decade, powerline failures have been the dominant cause. Future fire losses can be reduced by greater emphasis on maintenance of utility lines and attention to planning urban growth in ways that reduce the potential for powerline ignitions.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.abh2262","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., Guzman-Morales, J., Gershunov, A., Syphard, A.D., Cayan, D., Pierce, D.W., Flannigan, M., and Brown, T.J., 2021, Ignitions explain more than climate or weather in driving Santa Ana Wind fires: Science Advances, v. 7, no. 30, eabh2262, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abh2262.","productDescription":"eabh2262, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126058","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abh2262","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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David W","contributorId":261327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierce","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":52819,"text":"Climate, Atmospheric Science and Physical Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flannigan, Michael","contributorId":261328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flannigan","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":52822,"text":"Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H1, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brown, Tim J","contributorId":261329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":52823,"text":"Western Regional Climate Center, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70223466,"text":"70223466 - 2021 - Bomb-produced radiocarbon across the South Pacific Gyre — A new record from American Samoa with utility for fisheries science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T16:47:04.317084","indexId":"70223466","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-21T09:10:56","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bomb-produced radiocarbon across the South Pacific Gyre — A new record from American Samoa with utility for fisheries science","docAbstract":"Coral skeletal structures can provide a robust record of nuclear bomb produced 14C with valuable insight into air-sea exchange processes and water movement with applications to fisheries science. To expand these records in the South Pacific, a coral core from Tutuila Island, American Samoa was dated with density band counting covering a 59-yr period (1953–2012). Seasonal signals in elemental ratios (Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca) and stable carbon (δ13C) values across the coral core corroborated the well-defined annual band structure and highlighted an ocean climate shift from the 1997–1998 El Niño. The American Samoa coral 14C measurements were consistent with other regional records but included some notable differences across the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) at Fiji, Rarotonga, and Easter Island that can be attributed to decadal ocean climate cycles, surface residence times and proximity to the South Equatorial Current. An analysis of the post-peak 14C decline associated with each coral record indicated 14C levels are beginning to merge for the SPG. This observation, coupled with otolith measurements from American Samoa, reinforces the perspective that bomb 14C dating can be performed on fishes and other marine organisms of the region using the post-peak 14C decline to properly inform fisheries management in the South Pacific.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/RDC.2021.51","usgsCitation":"Andrews, A., Prouty, N.G., and Cheriton, O.M., 2021, Bomb-produced radiocarbon across the South Pacific Gyre — A new record from American Samoa with utility for fisheries science: Radiocarbon, v. 63, no. 6, p. 1591-1605, https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2021.51.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1591","endPage":"1605","ipdsId":"IP-124813","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DTWC3I","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geochemistry time series and growth parameters from Tutuila, American Samoa coral record (ver. 2.0, June 2021)"},{"id":388583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"South Pacific Gyre","volume":"63","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Allen","contributorId":152569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"Allen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheriton, Olivia M. 0000-0003-3011-9136","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-9136","contributorId":204459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheriton","given":"Olivia","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70225671,"text":"70225671 - 2021 - Upwelling and the persistence of coral-reef frameworks in the eastern tropical Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-02T13:19:38.773872","indexId":"70225671","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-21T08:15:17","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upwelling and the persistence of coral-reef frameworks in the eastern tropical Pacific","docAbstract":"In an era of global change, the fate and form of reef habitats will depend on shifting assemblages of organisms and their responses to multiple stressors. Multiphyletic assemblages of calcifying and bioeroding species contribute to a dynamic balance between constructive and erosive processes, and reef-framework growth occurs only when calcium-carbonate deposition exceeds erosion. Each contributing species exhibits a unique combination of environmental sensitivities, trophic needs, and competitive abilities, making the net outcome of their habitat-altering behavior difficult to predict. In this study, standardized blocks of clean, massive Porites were placed at six reef sites in the eastern tropical Pacific, in the strongly and more-weakly upwelling Gulfs of Panamá (GoP) and Chiriquí (GoC), respectively. Sites were chosen to characterize the unique thermal and carbonate-chemistry conditions of each gulf. Satellite products were used to examine differences in sea-surface productivity, and surveys were conducted to quantify the abundance of important grazing taxa. After two years in situ, the Porites blocks were collected and scanned using high-resolution computed tomography to volumetrically quantify both endolithic and epilithic habitat alteration. Scan-volumes were further classified into functional groups according to morphology to quantify external bioerosion by fish and sea urchins, as well as the calcifying and bioeroding activity of crustose coralline algae, scleractinian corals, mollusks, annelids, and barnacles. The GoP, which has higher productivity, cooler temperatures, and periodically lower pH conditions, had higher rates of macroboring, but also higher rates of calcification. These unexpectedly higher rates of calcification in the GoP were a result of high recruitment of suspension-feeding taxa, particularly barnacles and vermiform fauna that have poor reef-forming potential. External bioerosion by grazers was the dominant process influencing these dead coral substrates across both gulfs, contributing to higher rates of net erosion in the GoC and underscoring the important roles that urchins and fish play in not just removing algae on reefs, but also eroding reef habitat. Ultimately these findings reveal that the trophic requirements of habitat-altering taxa are closely tied to reef-framework stability, and that environmental conditions conducive to carbonate precipitation are not necessarily those that will lead to habitat persistence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecm.1482","usgsCitation":"Enochs, I.C., Toth, L., Kirkland, A., Manzello, D.P., Kolodziej, G., Morris, J.T., Holstein, D.M., Schlenz, A., Randall, C.J., Mate, J.L., Leichter, J.J., and Aronson, R.B., 2021, Upwelling and the persistence of coral-reef frameworks in the eastern tropical Pacific: Ecological Monographs, v. 91, no. 4, e01482, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1482.","productDescription":"e01482, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122808","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/oceanography_coastal_pubs/272","text":"External Repository"},{"id":391266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Panama","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.869873046875,\n 6.577303118123887\n ],\n [\n -77.728271484375,\n 6.577303118123887\n ],\n [\n -77.728271484375,\n 8.819938928283147\n ],\n [\n -82.869873046875,\n 8.819938928283147\n ],\n [\n -82.869873046875,\n 6.577303118123887\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enochs, Ian C.","contributorId":181746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enochs","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X 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Graham","contributorId":181747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolodziej","given":"Graham","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morris, John T","contributorId":268198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Holstein, Daniel M","contributorId":268199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holstein","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schlenz, Austin","contributorId":268200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlenz","given":"Austin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Randall, Carly J. 0000-0001-8112-3552","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8112-3552","contributorId":212696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randall","given":"Carly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":32935,"text":"Australian Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mate, Juan L 0000-0002-4423-4816","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4423-4816","contributorId":260268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mate","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":12671,"text":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Leichter, James J 0000-0003-4224-0355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-0355","contributorId":260265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leichter","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":38264,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Aronson, Richard B. 0000-0003-0383-3844","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-3844","contributorId":212695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aronson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17748,"text":"Florida Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70223919,"text":"70223919 - 2021 - Predicted distribution of a rare and understudied forest carnivore: Humboldt marten (Martes caurina humboldtensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-14T12:04:49.193709","indexId":"70223919","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-21T07:03:01","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicted distribution of a rare and understudied forest carnivore: Humboldt marten (Martes caurina humboldtensis)","docAbstract":"Many mammalian species have experienced range contractions. Following a reduction in distribution that has resulted in apparently small and disjunct populations, the Humboldt marten (Martes caurina humboldtensis) was recently designated as federally Threatened and state Endangered. This subspecies of Pacific marten occurring in coastal Oregon and northern California, also known as coastal martens, appear unlike martens that occur in snow-associated regions in that vegetation associations appear to differ widely between Humboldt marten populations. We expected current distributions represent realized niches, but estimating factors associated with long-term occurrence was challenging for this rare and little-known species. Here, we assessed the predicted contemporary distribution of Humboldt martens and interpret our findings as hypotheses correlated with the subspecies’ niche to inform strategic conservation actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.11670","usgsCitation":"Moriarty, K., Thompson, J., Delheimer, M., Barry, B., Linnell, M., Levi, T., Hamm, K.A., Early, D.A., Gamblin, H., Gunther, M.S., Ellison, J., Prevey, J.S., Hartman, J., and Davis, R.J., 2021, Predicted distribution of a rare and understudied forest carnivore: Humboldt marten (Martes caurina humboldtensis): PeerJ, v. 9, e11670, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11670.","productDescription":"e11670","ipdsId":"IP-126211","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11670","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moriarty, Katie","contributorId":177699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moriarty","given":"Katie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Joel","contributorId":265714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Joel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54769,"text":"Data Resources Management, USDA Forest Service, Joseph, Oregon, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delheimer, Matthew","contributorId":265715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delheimer","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54770,"text":"Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Placerville, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barry, Brent","contributorId":265716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barry","given":"Brent","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54772,"text":"Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde, Grand Ronde, Oregon, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Linnell, Mark","contributorId":265717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linnell","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54773,"text":"Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Corvallis, Oregon, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Levi, Taal","contributorId":191295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levi","given":"Taal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hamm, Keith A.","contributorId":167062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamm","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24606,"text":"Green Diamond Resource Company","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Early, Desiree A","contributorId":167063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Early","given":"Desiree","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":24606,"text":"Green Diamond Resource Company","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gamblin, Holly","contributorId":265718,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gamblin","given":"Holly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54774,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gunther, Micaela Szykman","contributorId":265719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gunther","given":"Micaela","email":"","middleInitial":"Szykman","affiliations":[{"id":54774,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ellison, Jordan","contributorId":265720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellison","given":"Jordan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54776,"text":"Western Sustainable Forestry, National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc., Corvallis, Oregon, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Prevey, Janet S. 0000-0003-2879-6453","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2879-6453","contributorId":222702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prevey","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hartman, Jennifer","contributorId":265721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartman","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54777,"text":"Rogue Detection Teams, Rice, Washington, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Davis, Raymond J.","contributorId":150574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70223162,"text":"70223162 - 2021 - Eagles enter rotor-swept zones of wind turbines at rates that vary per turbine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-17T14:54:58.796778","indexId":"70223162","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-21T06:51:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eagles enter rotor-swept zones of wind turbines at rates that vary per turbine","docAbstract":"There is increasing pressure on wind energy facilities to manage or mitigate for wildlife collisions. However, little information exists regarding spatial and temporal variation in collision rates, meaning that mitigation is most often a blanket prescription. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated variation among turbines and months in an aspect of collision risk—probability of entry by an eagle into a rotor-swept zone (hereafter, “probability of entry”). We examined 10,222 eagle flight paths identified and recorded by an automated bird monitoring system at a wind energy facility in Wyoming, USA. Probabilities of entry per turbine–month combination were 4.03 times greater in some months than others, ranging 0.15 to 0.62. The overall probability of entry for the riskiest turbine (i.e., the one with the greatest probability of entry) was 2.39 times greater than the least-risky turbine. Our methodology describes large variation across turbines and months in the probability of entry. If subsequently combined with information on other sources of variation (i.e., weather, topography), this approach can identify risky versus safe situations for eagles under which cost of management, curtailment prescriptions, and collision risk can be simultaneously minimized.
Invasive crayfish have adverse effects on habitats and native species. Control of invasive crayfish populations is a major challenge facing natural resource managers. This study evaluated the effectiveness and optimal conditions for the control agent carbon dioxide (CO2) which can be diffused into water to facilitate capture of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii; RSC). The efficacy of CO2 shows promise in its use for a variety of invasive aquatic species. Here, we evaluate CO2’s ability to stimulate movements towards the shoreline and/or induce complete terrestrial emergence from outdoor ponds. Twelve pond trials were conducted using three, 0.02-ha experimental ponds at Auburn University, Alabama, USA. Silt fencing was installed on dry land around the perimeter of each pond with the lower 0.3 m of fencing accordion-folded to provide shelter and a collection point for emerging crayfish. Each pond was stocked with 100 RSC before testing. Experimental treatment ponds were then injected with gaseous CO2 using porous air diffusers, whereas control ponds (C ponds) received no CO2. Multiple water quality parameters were monitored hourly. Three independent treatment scenarios with CO2 diffusion were: crayfish captured at the end of trial only (F: final), crayfish captured hourly (H: hourly), and incorporation of continuous inflow of fresh water at a flow rate of 0.2 L/s into the central catch basin to serve as a refuge with crayfish captured hourly (R: refuge). In control ponds, crayfish were captured at the end of trial only. In F ponds, CO2 diffusion for approximately five hours caused an average of 12% of total crayfish to emerge from the water. However, capture efficiency was increased to an average of 45% of total crayfish by increasing collection frequency to every hour and netting submerged crayfish near the water edge in addition to capturing terrestrially emerged crayfish. Presence of a freshwater inflow reduced capture efficiency in R ponds relative to H ponds. Odds of capturing crayfish improved with increased water temperature, increased CO2 concentration and increased crayfish mass. Based on results, we provide a set of predictive equations as well as interactive calculators to help natural resource managers explore several environmental and treatment-related scenarios that predict changes in capture probability in small research ponds. Carbon dioxide shows promises as a tool to increase capture rate of RSC. It is not likely to be 100% effective by itself, but could be a useful component of an integrated management strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre (REABIC)","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2021.12.4.11","usgsCitation":"Abdelrahman, H., Gibson, R., Fogelman, K., Cupp, A.R., Allert, A., and Stoeckel, J., 2021, Evaluation of dissolved carbon dioxide to stimulate emergence of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from infested ponds: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 12, no. 4, p. 952-974, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2021.12.4.11.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"952","endPage":"974","ipdsId":"IP-124811","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2021.12.4.11","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":392179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abdelrahman, Hisham","contributorId":269533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abdelrahman","given":"Hisham","affiliations":[{"id":55979,"text":"Auburn University/Cairo University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibson, Rebecca","contributorId":269534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"Rebecca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fogelman, Kaelyn","contributorId":269535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fogelman","given":"Kaelyn","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allert, Ann 0000-0001-7063-8016 aallert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7063-8016","contributorId":178200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allert","given":"Ann","email":"aallert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stoeckel, James","contributorId":269536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70222095,"text":"fs20203064 - 2021 - Water resources of Grant Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-21T11:36:55.289869","indexId":"fs20203064","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-20T14:29:55","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-3064","displayTitle":"Water Resources of Grant Parish, Louisiana","title":"Water resources of Grant Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in Grant Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. In 2014, about 5.43 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of water were withdrawn in Grant Parish, including about 2.39 Mgal/d from groundwater sources and 3.03 Mgal/d from surface-water sources. Withdrawals for public-supply use accounted for 71 percent (3.84 Mgal/d) of the total water withdrawn. Withdrawals for agricultural use, composed of general irrigation and livestock uses, accounted for 24 percent (1.28 Mgal/d) of the total water withdrawn. Other categories of use included industrial and rural domestic. Water-use data collected at 5-year intervals from 1960 to 2010 and again in 2014 indicated that water withdrawals peaked in 1960.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20203064","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"Murphy, C.J., and White, V.E., 2021, Water resources of Grant Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2020–3064, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20203064.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-103348","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387262,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3064/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":387263,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2020/3064/fs20203064.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2020–3064"},{"id":387264,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78051VM","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water withdrawals by source and category in Louisiana Parishes, 2014–2015"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","county":"Grant 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Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd., Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816
The interface between lotic and lentic ecosystems is often a zone of intense metabolic activity, as primary production in streams and rivers can be light limited whereas nutrients often limit primary production in lake ecosystems. Our objective was to model the influence that rivermouths (the lotic-lentic interface) could have on the loads of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N) passing from the tributary to the nearshore zone of a lake. To achieve this objective, we modeled the combined role of water column nutrient transformation rates with sediment nutrient flux rates. For sensitivity analysis, we picked plausible parameter ranges based on values previously measured in the Fox rivermouth (a tributary to Lake Michigan). Sensitivity analysis of the model demonstrated that overall the importance of water column processing rates increases with increasing nutrient concentration and discharge. We then applied the model to the Fox rivermouth, simulating the change in nutrients on four dates where all of the necessary parameters had been estimated. This modeling suggests that the Fox rivermouth is often a net sink for SRP and source for ammonia (NH4), with water column processing driving SRP removal and both water column and sediment flux driving NH4 dynamics. Removal of SRP in the water column means conversion to particulate and/or organic P, and those P pools are generally considered to be less bioavailable than SRP, so it may be that rivermouths disconnect upstream sources of nutrients from nearshore food webs. These results demonstrate that the interface zone between lotic and lentic systems has the potential to substantially alter the load and character of nutrients as river waters pass through rivermouths to adjacent nearshore areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10533-021-00821-8","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Evans, M.A., Fitzpatrick, F., Frost, P., Xenopoulos, M., James, W.F., and Reneau, P., 2021, Benthic and planktonic inorganic nutrient processing rates at the interface between a river and lake: Biogeochemistry, v. 155, p. 189-203, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00821-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"203","ipdsId":"IP-118338","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PNDSXR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Code associated with analysis and modeling of benthic and pelagic inorganic nutrient processing rates at the interface between a river and lake"},{"id":388171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"155","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Mary Anne 0000-0002-1627-7210 maevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-7210","contributorId":149358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Mary","email":"maevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. 0000-0002-9748-7075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":209612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith A.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frost, Paul C.","contributorId":138622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frost","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":12467,"text":"Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xenopoulos, Marguerite A.","contributorId":138623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xenopoulos","given":"Marguerite A.","affiliations":[{"id":12467,"text":"Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"James, William F.","contributorId":213265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"James","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":38729,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Stout","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reneau, Paul C. 0000-0002-1335-7573","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1335-7573","contributorId":220311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reneau","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70229384,"text":"70229384 - 2021 - Translocation, survival, and recovery of Kansas-banded Canada geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-04T16:08:57.776602","indexId":"70229384","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-20T09:52:03","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Translocation, survival, and recovery of Kansas-banded Canada geese","docAbstract":"Temperate-breeding, or resident, Canada geese were once extirpated in Kansas, USA, but currently provide abundant viewing and hunting opportunities. Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism (KDWPT) began reintroducing geese in 1980 with a goal of re-establishing a breeding population. Successful reintroductions led to translocating flocks to regions with no previous records of nesting geese; however, KDWPT continues to translocate individuals from nuisance flocks in urban areas to rural reservoirs to reduce human conflicts with urban geese. Our goal was to determine the effects of such translocations on survival and recovery of adult, sub-adult, and juvenile temperate-breeding Canada geese. We used Brownie dead-recovery models in Program MARK to compare survival and recovery probabilities between translocated and nontranslocated (normal wild) Kansas-banded Canada geese for 2012–2017. Model-estimated annual survival differed between status (normal wild Ŝ = 0.761, 95% CI 0.734–0.785; translocated Ŝ = 0.598, 95% CI 0.528–0.665). Recovery probability differed between normal and translocated adults (normal wild ḟ = 0.074, 95% CI = 0.069–0.078; translocated ḟ = 0.138, 95% CI = 0.120–0.158) and juveniles (normal wild ḟ = 0.067, 95% CI = 0.059–0.075; translocated ḟ = 0.250, 95% CI = 0.199–0.310). Recovery probability did not differ between status in the sub-adult age class (normal wild ḟ = 0.126, 95% CI = 0.115–0.137; translocated ḟ = 0.090, 95% CI = 0.055–0.144). Translocation is a viable management option to successfully reduce survival and increase recovery probability of urban nuisance geese in Kansas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3659","usgsCitation":"Malanchuk, J.B., Ross, B., Haukos, D.A., Bidrowski, T.F., and Schultheis, R., 2021, Translocation, survival, and recovery of Kansas-banded Canada geese: Ecosphere, v. 12, no. 7, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3659.","productDescription":"e03659, 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-124602","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3659","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"12","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mortelliti, Alessio","contributorId":244353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mortelliti","given":"Alessio","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837263,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Malanchuk, J. Boomer","contributorId":287969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malanchuk","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Boomer","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Beth 0000-0001-5634-4951 bross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5634-4951","contributorId":199242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Beth","email":"bross@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bidrowski, Thomas F.","contributorId":287970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bidrowski","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schultheis, Richard","contributorId":287971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultheis","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70222354,"text":"70222354 - 2021 - Response of forage plants to alteration of temperature and spring thaw date: Implications for geese in a warming Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-22T13:54:40.090154","indexId":"70222354","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-20T08:48:03","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of forage plants to alteration of temperature and spring thaw date: Implications for geese in a warming Arctic","docAbstract":"Changes in summer temperatures in Arctic Alaska have led to longer and warmer growing seasons over the last three decades. Corresponding with these changes in climate, the abundance and distributions of geese have increased and expanded over the same period. We used an experimental approach to assess the response of goose forage plants to simulated environmental change. We subjected Carex subspathacea, a preferred goose forage growing on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of Alaska, to manipulations of temperature and timing of spring thaw to measure potential effects in terms of plant nitrogen concentration, aboveground biomass, and total nitrogen availability. Carex subspathacea responded to warming in a dynamic fashion. Increases in temperature led to decreases in leaf nitrogen concentration but increases in aboveground biomass. The increase in biomass was stronger than the decline in nitrogen concentration such that total nitrogen availability was increased with temperature for the first 35–40 d of the season. Grazing removal accounted for only minimal offtake of biomass, and we found no indication that grazing maintained elevated levels of nitrogen concentration longer in the season as reported in other studies. Based on demonstrated relationships in the literature between forage nitrogen concentrations and gosling growth rates, we conclude that there is currently abundant high-quality forage available across the ACP. This finding fits with recent evidence of high gosling growth rates and increasing trends in goose abundance on the ACP. Our results suggest that with climate warming of a few degrees, nitrogen concentration of forage may decrease, but forage biomass and total nitrogen availability will increase. Our data suggest that nitrogen concentration will not fall below the minimum threshold required by geese in the near future. As such, we suggest that there is currently no bottom-up limitation to goose numbers on the ACP.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3627","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., and Meixell, B.W., 2021, Response of forage plants to alteration of temperature and spring thaw date: Implications for geese in a warming Arctic: Ecosphere, v. 12, no. 7, e03627, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3627.","productDescription":"e03627, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121569","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489092,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3627","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WMFBVN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Vegetation and Temperature Data, Smith River Estuary, Alaska, 2011-2013"},{"id":387378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Smith River Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.358154296875,\n 70.84929093589197\n ],\n [\n -153.0965423583984,\n 70.84929093589197\n ],\n [\n -153.0965423583984,\n 70.92281373736292\n ],\n [\n -153.358154296875,\n 70.92281373736292\n ],\n [\n -153.358154296875,\n 70.84929093589197\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70228875,"text":"70228875 - 2021 - Do lake-specific characteristics mediate the temporal relationship between walleye growth and warming water temperatures?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-23T15:01:39.001939","indexId":"70228875","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-20T08:37:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6455,"text":"Canadian Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do lake-specific characteristics mediate the temporal relationship between walleye growth and warming water temperatures?","docAbstract":"Walleye (Sander vitreus) population declines have been linked to climate change, but it is unclear how the growth of this cool-water species may be affected by warming water temperatures. Because warming rates vary among lakes, it is uncertain whether lake characteristics may mediate the temperature effects on walleye growth or may vary as a result of differences in lake habitat or productivity. In this study, we (i) quantified walleye annual growth from 1983 to 2015 in 61 lakes in midwestern United States; (ii) estimated the relationship between annual early life growth (ω; mm·year–1) and water growing degree days (GDD); and (iii) identified lake characteristics affecting loge(ω)–GDD relationships. On average, ω estimates significantly increased with increasing GDD; however, this relationship varied in direction and magnitude among lakes. We estimated an 84% posterior probability of a negative effect of water clarity on the loge(ω)–GDD relationship, suggesting that water clarity may mediate the effect of warming water temperatures by affecting the magnitude and direction of the loge(ω)–GDD relationship. Our results provide insights into the conservation of cool-water species in a changing environment and identify lakes characteristics in which walleye growth may be more resilient to climate change.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2020-0169","usgsCitation":". Massie, D., Hansen, G., Li, Y., Sass, G., and Wagner, T., 2021, Do lake-specific characteristics mediate the temporal relationship between walleye growth and warming water temperatures?: Canadian Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 78, no. 7, p. 913-923, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0169.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"913","endPage":"923","ipdsId":"IP-118834","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 48.07807894349862\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 48.07807894349862\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 44.59046718130883\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":". Massie, Danielle L","contributorId":279942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":". Massie","given":"Danielle L","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Gretchen J. A.","contributorId":279944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Gretchen J. A.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Yan","contributorId":279947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yan","affiliations":[{"id":56680,"text":"North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sass, Greg G.","contributorId":279948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sass","given":"Greg G.","affiliations":[{"id":16117,"text":"Wisconsin DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70225161,"text":"70225161 - 2021 - Direct and delayed mortality of Ceriodaphnia dubia and rainbow trout following time-varying acute exposures to zinc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-18T10:34:42.921445","indexId":"70225161","displayToPublicDate":"2021-07-20T08:15:26","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct and delayed mortality of Ceriodaphnia dubia and rainbow trout following time-varying acute exposures to zinc","docAbstract":"The potential for delayed mortality following short-term episodic pollution events was evaluated by exposing cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia dubia) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to zinc (Zn) in various 1- to 48-h and 1- to 96-h exposures, respectively, followed by transferring the exposed organisms to clean water for up to 47 h for C. dubia and up to 95 h for trout for additional observation. For C. dubia, 1-h exposures of up to 3790 µg Zn/L never resulted in mortality during the actual Zn exposures, but by 48 h, a 1-h exposure to 114 µg/L, a concentration similar to the present US national water quality acute criterion for the test water conditions, ultimately killed 70% of C. dubia. With C. dubia, the speed of action of Zn toxicity was faster for intermediate concentrations than for the highest concentrations tested. For rainbow trout, pronounced delayed mortalities by 96 h only occurred following ≥8-h exposures. For both species, ultimate mortalities from Zn exposures ≤8 h mostly presented as delayed mortalities, whereas for exposures ≥24 h, almost all ultimate mortalities presented during the actual exposure periods. With Zn, risks of delayed mortality following exposures to all concentrations tested were much greater for the more sensitive, small-bodied invertebrate (C. dubia) than for the less sensitive, larger-bodied fish (rainbow trout). These results, along with previous studies, show that delayed mortality is an important consideration in evaluating risks to aquatic organisms from brief, episodic exposures to some substances. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2484–2498. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Anoxygenic photosynthesis by phototrophic sulfur bacteria is prevalent in microbial mat ecosystems and in restricted, highly stratified aquatic environments. This limited distribution reflects their simultaneous requirements for an anoxic habitat, reduced sulfur to supply electrons for carbon fixation, and an appropriate light regime. Although these conditions were often satisfied in ancient seas, as shown by the distinctive carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments preserved in geological samples going back as far as 1.65 billion y, we can find no record of these organisms growing in today’s generally well-ventilated oceans. An array of carotenoids in sediments from the Namibian shelf suggests that green sulfur bacteria, despite their sensitivity to oxygen, can proliferate during episodic toxic gas eruptions in the Benguela Upwelling System.
The collapse of a volcanic flank can be destructive and deadly. Hydrothermal alteration is common to volcanoes worldwide and is thought to promote volcano instability by decreasing rock strength. However, some laboratory studies have shown that not all alteration reduces rock strength. Our new laboratory data for altered rhyodacites from Chaos Crags (Lassen volcanic center, California, USA) show that pore- and crack-filling mineral precipitation can reduce porosity and permeability and increase strength, Young's modulus, and cohesion. A significant reduction in permeability, by as much as four orders of magnitude, will inhibit fluid circulation and create zones of high pore fluid pressure. We explored the consequences of pore fluid pressurization on volcano stability using large-scale numerical modeling. Upscaled physical and mechanical properties for hydrothermally altered rocks were used as input parameters in our modeling. Results show that a high-pore-pressure zone within a volcano increases volcano deformation and that increasing the size of this zone increases the observed deformation. Hydrothermal alteration associated with mineral precipitation, and increases to rock strength, can therefore promote pore pressurization and volcano deformation, increasing the likelihood of volcano spreading, flank collapses, and phreatic/phreatomagmatic explosions. We conclude that porosity-decreasing alteration, explored here, and porosity-increasing alteration can both promote volcano instability and collapse, but by different mechanisms. Hydrothermal alteration should therefore be monitored at volcanoes worldwide and incorporated into hazard assessments.
We will investigate fish health factors that may be contributing to the failed recovery of Pacific herring populations in Prince William Sound. Field samples will provide infection and disease prevalence data from Prince William Sound and Sitka Sound to inform the age structured assessment (ASA) model, serological data will indicate the prior exposure history and future susceptibility of herring to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), and diet information will provide insights into the unusually high prevalence of Ichthyophonus that occurs in juvenile herring from Cordova Harbor. Laboratory studies will validate the newly developed plaque neutralization assay as a quantifiable measure of herd immunity against VHS, provide further understanding of disease cofactors including salinity, and investigate possible routes of transmission for Ichthyophonus. Information from the field and laboratory studies will be integrated into the current ASA model and inform a novel ASA-type model that is based on the immune status of herring age cohorts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council (EVOSTC)","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., and Purcell, M.K., 2021, Herring Disease Program - Annual Project Report 2012011-E, February 1, 2010-January 31, 2021, 26 p.","productDescription":"26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127098","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":387451,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://evostc.state.ak.us/restoration-projects/project-search/hrm-program-herring-disease-program-ii-20120111-e/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.56787109375,\n 59.567723306212955\n ],\n [\n -144.33837890625,\n 59.567723306212955\n ],\n [\n -144.33837890625,\n 61.41775026352097\n ],\n [\n -149.56787109375,\n 61.41775026352097\n ],\n [\n -149.56787109375,\n 59.567723306212955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":203322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. 0000-0003-0154-8433 mpurcell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8433","contributorId":168475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}