The U.S. Geological Survey conducted hydrologic investigations in both the deep water channels and the shallow-water regions of the San Francisco Bay estuarine system during 1980. Cruises were conducted regularly, usually at two-week intervals. Physical and chemical properties presented in this report include temperature , salinity, suspended particulate matter, turbidity, extinction coefficient, partial pressure of CO2, partial pressure of oxygen , dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, discrete chlorophyll a, fluorescence of photosynthetic pigments, dissolved silica, dissolved phosphate, nitrate plus nitrite, nitrite, ammonium, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, dissolved nitrogen, dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Analytical methods are described. The body of data contained in this report characterizes hydrologic conditions in San Francisco Bay during a year with an average rate of freshwater inflow to the estuary. Concentrations of dissolved silica (discrete-sample) ranged from 3.8 to 310 micro-M in the northern reach of the bay, whereas the range in the southern reach was limited to 63 to 150 micro-M. Concentrations of phosphate (discrete-sample) ranged from 1.3 to 4.4 micro-M in the northern reach, which was narrow in comparison with that of 2.2 to 19.0 micro-M in the southern reach. Concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite (discrete-sample) ranged from near zero to 53 micro-M in the northern reach, and from 2.3 to 64 micro-M in the southern reach. Concentrations of nitrite (discrete-sample) were low in both reaches, exhibiting a range from nearly zero to approximately 2.3 micro-M. Concentrations of ammonium (discrete-sample) ranged from near zero to 14.2 micro-M in the northern reach, and from near zero to 8.3 micro-M in the southern reach. (USGS)
","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89421","usgsCitation":"Ota, A.Y., Schemel, L., and Hager, S., 1989, Physical and chemical properties of San Francisco Bay, California, 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-421, 251 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89421.","productDescription":"251 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":49877,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0421/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0421/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ota, Allan Y.","contributorId":85192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ota","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schemel, L. E.","contributorId":89529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"L. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hager, S.W.","contributorId":51746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":20286,"text":"ofr88317 - 1989 - Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":20286,"text":"ofr88317 - 1989 - Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho","indexId":"ofr88317","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38452,"text":"pp1408G - 1991 - Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho","indexId":"pp1408G","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":38452,"text":"pp1408G - 1991 - Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho","indexId":"pp1408G","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:37","indexId":"ofr88317","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-317","title":"Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho","docAbstract":"A three dimensional groundwater flow model was developed to simulate steady state and nonsteady-state hydrologic conditions of the regional aquifer system in the western Snake River Plain of Idaho. Water budget analysis showed that groundwater recharge was about 1,400,000 acre-ft in 1980; groundwater pumpage was estimated to be 300,000 acre-ft. Two mass water level measurements were made in March and August 1980 to define the water table in the regional system. The model was discretized into 25 rows, 72 columns, and 3 layers. Each cell represented 4 sq mi. The model was calibrated to 1980 hydrologic conditions. Calibrated transmissivity of layer 1 (500 ft thick) ranged from 1,500 to 21,500 sq ft/day. Calibrated specific yield of unconfined aquifers was 0.10 and calibrated storage coefficient of confined aquifers ranged from 0.0004 to 0.007. The calibrated model was verified by simulating monthly water-level fluctuations for 1980. Simulated water levels matched measured levels in the Boise River Valley, but the match in other areas was poor. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr88317","usgsCitation":"Newton, G.D., 1989, Geohydrology of the regional aquifer system, western Snake River plain, southwestern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-317, viii, 82 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88317.","productDescription":"viii, 82 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699e37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newton, G. D.","contributorId":43374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":20281,"text":"ofr89238 - 1989 - Hydrogeologic and chemical data for the O-Field area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:40","indexId":"ofr89238","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-238","title":"Hydrogeologic and chemical data for the O-Field area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","docAbstract":"O-Field, located at the Edgewood area of Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland, was periodically used for disposal of munitions, waste chemicals, and chemical-warfare agents from World War II through the 1950' s. This report includes various physical, geologic, chemical, and hydrologic data obtained from well-core, groundwater, surface water, and bottom-sediment sampling sites at and near the O-Field disposal area. The data are presented in tables and hydrographs. Three site-location maps are also included. Well-core data include lithologic logs for 11 well- cluster sites, grain-size distributions, various chemical characteristics, and confining unit characteristics. Groundwater data include groundwater chemistry, method blanks for volatile organic carbon, available data on volatile and base/neutral organics, and compilation of corresponding method blanks, chemical-warfare agents, explosive-related products, radionuclides, herbicides, and groundwater levels. Surface-water data include field-measured characteristics; concentrations of various inorganic constituents including arsenic; selected organic constituents with method blanks; detection limits of organics; and a compilation of information on corresponding acids, volatiles, and semivolatiles. Bottom- sediment data include inorganic properties and constituents; organic chemistry; detection limits for organic chemicals; a compilation of information on acids, volatiles, and semivolatiles; and method blanks corresponding to acids, volatiles, and semivolatiles. A set of 15 water- level hydrographs for the period March 1986 through September 1987 also is included in the report. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89238","usgsCitation":"Nemoff, P., and Vroblesky, D., 1989, Hydrogeologic and chemical data for the O-Field area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-238, vii, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89238.","productDescription":"vii, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0238/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49816,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0238/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628cf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nemoff, P.R.","contributorId":37767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemoff","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vroblesky, D.A.","contributorId":101691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19708,"text":"ofr89404 - 1989 - Streamflow and water-quality data for Meadow Run basin, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, December 1987 - November 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-22T10:51:43","indexId":"ofr89404","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-404","title":"Streamflow and water-quality data for Meadow Run basin, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, December 1987 - November 1988","docAbstract":"Streamflow and water-quality data were collected throughout the Meadow Run basin, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, from December 7, 1987 through November 15, 1988, to determine the prevailing quality of surface water over a range of hydrologic conditions. This data will assist the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources during its review of coal-mine permit applications. A water-quality station near the mouth of Meadow Run provided continuous-record of stream stage, pH, specific conductance, and water temperature. Monthly water-quality samples collected at this station were analyzed for total and dissolved metals, nutrients, major cations and anions, and suspended-sediment concentrations. Fourteen partial-record sites, located throughout the basin, were similarly sampled four times during the study. Streamflow and water-quality data obtained at these sites during a winter base flow, a spring rainfall event, a summer rainfall event, and a low summer base flow also are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89404","usgsCitation":"Kostelnik, K.M., and Witt, E., 1989, Streamflow and water-quality data for Meadow Run basin, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, December 1987 - November 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-404, 29 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89404.","productDescription":"29 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":49186,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0404/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0404/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kostelnik, K. M.","contributorId":34951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kostelnik","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witt, E.C.","contributorId":83556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witt","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19706,"text":"ofr89247 - 1989 - Streamflow and water-quality data for Little Clearfield Creek basin, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, December 1987 - November 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-22T10:54:58","indexId":"ofr89247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-247","title":"Streamflow and water-quality data for Little Clearfield Creek basin, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, December 1987 - November 1988","docAbstract":"Streamflow and water quality data were collected throughout the Little Clearfield Creek basin, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, from December 1987 through November 1988, to determine the existing quality of surface water over a range of hydrologic conditions. This data will assist the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources during its review of coal mine permit applications. A water quality station near the mouth of Little Clearfield Creek provided continuous record of stream stage, pH, specific conductance, and water temperature. Monthly water quality samples collected at this station were analyzed for total and dissolved metals, nutrients, major cations, and suspended sediment concentrations. Seventeen partial record sites, located throughout the basin, were similarly sampled four times during the study. Streamflow and water quality data obtained at these sites during a winter base flow, a spring storm event, a low summer base flow, and a more moderate summer base flow also are presented. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89247","usgsCitation":"Kostelnik, K.M., and Durlin, R., 1989, Streamflow and water-quality data for Little Clearfield Creek basin, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, December 1987 - November 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-247, vi, 30 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89247.","productDescription":"vi, 30 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0247/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49184,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0247/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4e86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kostelnik, K. M.","contributorId":34951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kostelnik","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durlin, R.R.","contributorId":67116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durlin","given":"R.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":65240,"text":"i1313J - 1989 - Maps showing geologic and hydrologic factors affecting land-use planning in the Culpeper Basin, Virginia and Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T17:03:16.107351","indexId":"i1313J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1313","chapter":"J","title":"Maps showing geologic and hydrologic factors affecting land-use planning in the Culpeper Basin, Virginia and Maryland","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1313J","usgsCitation":"Froelich, A., 1989, Maps showing geologic and hydrologic factors affecting land-use planning in the Culpeper Basin, Virginia and Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1313, Report: 1 p.; 2 Plates: 31.78 × 47.85 inches and 31.53 × 47.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1313J.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 2 Plates: 31.78 × 47.85 inches and 31.53 × 47.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":255383,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1313j/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255385,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1313j/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":255382,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1313j/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405327,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3711.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":255384,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1313j/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"125000","country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Culpeper basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.28,\n 38.205\n ],\n [\n -77.218,\n 38.205\n ],\n [\n -77.218,\n 39.489\n ],\n [\n -78.28,\n 39.489\n ],\n [\n -78.28,\n 38.205\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db60589c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Froelich, A.J.","contributorId":13593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froelich","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19294,"text":"ofr8942 - 1989 - Description of data files compiled for the Central Midwest Regional Aquifer-System Analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T17:00:48","indexId":"ofr8942","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-42","title":"Description of data files compiled for the Central Midwest Regional Aquifer-System Analysis","docAbstract":"Several types of geologic and hydrologic data were collected and compiled as part of the Central Midwest Regional Aquifer-System Analysis. The study described the hydrology of Cambrian-age through Cretaceous-age rocks in all of Kansas and Nebraska and parts of eight other states. Information from both water wells and petroleum wells was obtained from numerous State, Federal, and private sources. The completeness, quality, and distribution of the data varies considerably. Most data files contain data selected to represent the regional scope of the study. The log data file contains about 850 lithologic logs and about 750 geophysical logs. The hydraulic-head data file contains about 1 ,400 measured water levels and about 2,600 values of equivalent freshwater head derived from drill-stem-test analyses. The hydrochemical data file contains about 2,900 water quality analyses. The aquifer-property data file contains about 1,050 values. In addition to site-specific data, areal information in the form of model-data arrays is available for initial hydraulic head, transmissivity, and vertical leakance. These data describe the major geohydrologic units studied in terms of a three-dimensional grid, 28 rows x 33 columns x 5 layers. Parts of the hydraulic-head, hydrochemical, and aquifer-property data files are proprietary. The fluid-withdrawal data file was developed for study use only. Most other data described herein are available on magnetic tape from the U.S. Geological Survey in Lawrence, Kansas. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nCopies of this report can be purchased from Books and Open-File Reports,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8942","usgsCitation":"Helgesen, J.O., and Hansen, C.V., 1989, Description of data files compiled for the Central Midwest Regional Aquifer-System Analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-42, iv, 37 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8942.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":151736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0042/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48756,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0042/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66ca77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helgesen, John O.","contributorId":101630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helgesen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Cristi V. chansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Cristi","email":"chansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":180630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19044,"text":"ofr89121 - 1989 - Geomorphic and hydrologic control of sediment and salt loads in the Colorado River basin; significance for conservation and land management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr89121","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-121","title":"Geomorphic and hydrologic control of sediment and salt loads in the Colorado River basin; significance for conservation and land management","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89121","usgsCitation":"Gellis, A., Hereford, R., and Schumm, S.A., 1989, Geomorphic and hydrologic control of sediment and salt loads in the Colorado River basin; significance for conservation and land management: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-121, iv, 37 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89121.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0121/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48480,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0121/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c541","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":1709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen C.","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":180205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hereford, Richard 0000-0002-0892-7367 rhereford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-7367","contributorId":3620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"Richard","email":"rhereford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":180206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumm, Stanley Alfred","contributorId":101652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumm","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"Alfred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":18867,"text":"ofr89410 - 1989 - Chemical, geologic, and hydrologic data from the study of acidic contamination in the Miami Wash-Pinal Creek area, Arizona, water years 1984-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr89410","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-410","title":"Chemical, geologic, and hydrologic data from the study of acidic contamination in the Miami Wash-Pinal Creek area, Arizona, water years 1984-87","docAbstract":"Occurrence and movement of acidic contamination in the aquifer and streams of the Pinal Creek basin near Globe, Arizona, is the focus of an ongoing study by the U.S. Geological Survey. Groundwater data from that study for water years 1984 to 1987 include location, construction information, and site plans for six groups of monitoring wells, mineralogic and particle-size analyses of drill cuttings, water level measurements, and chemical analyses of water samples from 39 wells. Surface water data for 13 sites in this study include discharge measurements and chemical analysis of water and streambed sediment samples. Monthly discharge data are presented for one site. Monthly precipitation amounts and statistics of long-term precipitation are presented for two sites. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89410","usgsCitation":"Eychaner, J., Rehmann, M., and Brown, J.G., 1989, Chemical, geologic, and hydrologic data from the study of acidic contamination in the Miami Wash-Pinal Creek area, Arizona, water years 1984-87: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-410, iii, 105 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89410.","productDescription":"iii, 105 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0410/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48262,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0410/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e32a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eychaner, J.H.","contributorId":34511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eychaner","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rehmann, M.R.","contributorId":24376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rehmann","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, J. G.","contributorId":28263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":17870,"text":"ofr89591 - 1989 - Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana, October 1987 through September 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:20","indexId":"ofr89591","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-591","title":"Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana, October 1987 through September 1989","docAbstract":"Water resources programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana consist principally of hydrological data collection and local, areal, or statewide hydrologic investigations. The work is supported by direct Federal funding, by transfer of funds from other Federal agencies, and by joint funding agreements with State or local agencies. The Montana District of the Geological Survey 's Water Resources Division conducts its hydrologic work through a headquarters office in Helena, and field offices in Helena, Billings, Fort Peck and Kalispell. This report describes the eighteen projects funded for fiscal years 1988 and 1989. In addition, it describes the operations of the Montana District, water conditions during water year 1988, activities in addition to regular programs, sources of publications and information, and lists reports published or released during the preceding 5 years. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-file reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89591","usgsCitation":"Thamke, J.N., 1989, Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana, October 1987 through September 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-591, iv, 78 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89591.","productDescription":"iv, 78 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0591/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47108,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0591/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699607","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thamke, J. N. (compiler)","contributorId":75952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thamke","given":"J.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17869,"text":"ofr89621 - 1989 - Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Missouri, fiscal year 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:20","indexId":"ofr89621","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-621","title":"Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Missouri, fiscal year 1989","docAbstract":"Water resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Missouri consist of collecting hydrologic data and making interpretive studies. Hydrologic studies in Missouri are made through three basic types of projects: hydrologic data collection programs; local or areal hydrologic investigations; and statewide or regional studies. These projects are funded through cooperative joint-funding agreements with State and local agencies, transfer of funds from other Federal agencies, and direct Federal funds. The data and the results of the investigations are published or released by either the U.S. Geological Survey or by cooperating agencies. The report describes the hydrologic data collection programs and local or areal hydrologic investigations in Missouri for fiscal year 1989 and provides a list of selected water resources references for Missouri. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89621","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, K.L., 1989, Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Missouri, fiscal year 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-621, x, 54 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89621.","productDescription":"x, 54 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0621/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47107,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0621/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9ea8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, K. L. (compiler)","contributorId":61053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"K.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17863,"text":"ofr89592 - 1989 - Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Kansas; fiscal years 1987 and 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:19","indexId":"ofr89592","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-592","title":"Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Kansas; fiscal years 1987 and 1988","docAbstract":"The principal mission of the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, in Kansas is to investigate the occurrence, quantity, quality, distribution, and movement of surface and groundwater throughout the State. Primary activities include the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of hydrologic data, evaluation of water demands, and water resources research. Hydrologic investigations are conducted through four types of studies: (1) data collection programs; (2) statewide or regional investigations; (3) local or area investigations; and (4) research. These studies are funded through cooperative agreements with State and local agencies, transfer of funds from other agencies, and direct Federal funds. Thirty-six water related studies were ongoing during fiscal years 1987 and 1988 in Kansas. This report describes for each study the problem that initiated the study, the objectives of the study, the approach designed to achieve the objectives, and significant milestones and publications that resulted during fiscal years 1987 and 1988. Information on more than 2,100 data collection stations in Kansas is presented in maps and tables. A list of 46 reports and abstracts published or released by the U.S. Geological Survey, its cooperators, or technical and scientific organizations during 1987 and 1988 is provided. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89592","usgsCitation":"Combs, L.J., 1989, Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Kansas; fiscal years 1987 and 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-592, iv, 97 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89592.","productDescription":"iv, 97 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0592/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47101,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0592/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4fb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Combs, L. J. (compiler)","contributorId":9271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Combs","given":"L.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17743,"text":"ofr89588 - 1989 - Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado– Fiscal year 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-03T19:39:07.16162","indexId":"ofr89588","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-588","title":"Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado– Fiscal year 1989","docAbstract":"The biennial summary of water resources activities in Colorado is presented for fiscal year 1989. The report includes an introduction of these activities and names of the management personnel to whom information requests may be addressed, a summary of the U.S. Geological Survey mission and of the Water Resources Division mission, and a discussion of the water resources in Colorado in fiscal year 1989, including data collection on surface water and groundwater. All current Colorado hydrologic investigations are listed--their problems, objectives, approaches, progress, and plans for fiscal year 1989. A list of current cooperators, for fiscal year 1989 and a list of reports published or released during fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989 also are given. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89588","usgsCitation":"Griffith, P.A., 1989, Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado– Fiscal year 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-588, Report: iv, 58 p.; 1 Plate: 26.97 × 22.06 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89588.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 58 p.; 1 Plate: 26.97 × 22.06 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392455,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17729.htm"},{"id":46966,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0588/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46965,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0588/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0588/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -101.97509765625,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -101.97509765625,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 36.98500309285596\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffith, P. A.","contributorId":20345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17633,"text":"ofr88318 - 1989 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":17633,"text":"ofr88318 - 1989 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"ofr88318","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2635,"text":"wsp2367 - 1991 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"wsp2367","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2635,"text":"wsp2367 - 1991 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"wsp2367","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T19:30:36.120435","indexId":"ofr88318","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-318","title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","docAbstract":"Ten years of hydrologic research have been conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey at a commercial low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois. Research included studies of microclimate, evapotranspiration, and tritium release by plants; runoff and land modification; water movement through a trench cover; water and tritium movement in the unsaturated zone; gases in the unsaturated zone; water and tritium movement in the saturated zone; and water chemistry. Implications specific to each research topic and those based on overlapping research topics are summarized as to their potential effect on the selection, characterization, design, operation, and decommissioning processes of future low-level radioactive-waste disposal sites.
Unconsolidated deposits at the site are diverse in lithologic character and are spatially and stratigraphically complex. Thickness of these Quaternary deposits ranges from 3 to 27 meters and averages 17 meters. The unconsolidated deposits overlay 140 meters of Pennsylvanian shale, mudstone, siltstone, and coal.
Approximately 90,500 cubic meters of waste were buried from August 1967 through August 1978, in 21 trenches that were constructed in glacial materials by using a cut-and-fill process. Trenches generally were constructed below grade and ranged from 11 to 180 meters long, 2.4 to 21 meters wide, and 2.4 to about 7.9 meters deep.
Research on microclimate and evapotranspiration at the site was conducted from July 1982 through June 1984. Continuous measurements were made of precipitation, incoming and reflected solar (shortwave) radiation, incoming and emitted terrestrial (longwave) radiation, horizontal windspeed and direction, wet- and dry-bulb air temperature, barometric pressure, soil-heat fluxes, and soil temperature. Soil-moisture content, for this research phase, was measured approximately biweekly. Evapotranspiration rates were estimated by using three techniques--energy budget, aerodynamic profile, and water budget. Although monthly totals for each method differed, estimated annual evapotranspiration averages ranged from 630 to 693 millimeters or about 70 percent of precipitation.
Tritium concentrations in leaf water from on-site plants were determined for 125 vegetation samples collected during the summers of 1982 through 1986. Concentrations varied significantly among some locations and plant types. Tritium concentrations ranged from the detection limit of 0 .2 to 1,330 nanocuries per liter, with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) having the highest concentrations, followed by brome grass (Bromus inermis), and then red clover (Trifoleum pratense); these variations in concentration are most likely a result of root depth.
Runoff and sediment transport were measured from July 1982 through December 1985 in four basins--three comprising almost two-thirds of the 8.1-hectare site and one comprising a 1.4-hectare undisturbed area. Volumes and equivalent weights of collapses were estimated from records of site surficial conditions from October 1978 through December 1985. Runoff showed a direct relation to degree of land modification; lowest mean yields were measured at the undisturbed area, and highest mean yields were measured from the basin composed wholly of trench and intertrench areas. Sediment yield measured onsite averaged 3.4 megagrams per hectare. A total of 315 collapse cavities, corresponding to a cumulative volume of about 500 cubic meters, were documented. Most collapses were recorded after periods of rainfall or snowmelt when soil moisture was near maximum. Almost two-thirds of the collapses, corresponding to 63 percent of the cumulative cavity volume, occurred during February through April.
Data for the study of water movement through a trench cover were collected from July 1982 through June 1934. Pressure-head data were collected at four different clusters at depths ranging from 50 to 1,850 millimeters within a selected trench cover. Soil-moisture content for this research phase was measured weekly with a gamma-attenuation moisture probe. The amount of water stored within the trench cover fluctuated in an annual cycle. Moisture contents were greatest in late March or early April, decreased steadily from late spring through the summer, reached a minimum in late August or early September, and then increased gradually from midfall through the winter. Depths of wetting-front movements were a function of initial soil-moisture content and total storm precipitation. Seepage to the trench was estimated by use of four different methods: the Darcy method, the zero-flux phase method, the surface-based water-budget method, and the ground-water based water-budget method. Estimates by the different methods differed considerably.
Investigation of the unsaturated zone at the site began in 1981 and is ongoing (1987). Water movement was measured along a generalized vertical section through four trenches. A 120-meter-long, 2-meter-diameter horizontal tunnel provided access below the trenches. The timing of water movement varied temporally and spatially. Vertical flow was inhibited at interfaces between lithologic units of contrasting hydraulic conductivities. Data also indicate that water movement through the sand of the Toulon Member of the Glasford Formation occurs along localized partially saturated to saturated flow paths. Average velocities of water movement through the extent of the unsaturated zone, as estimated by a saturation-tracking method, ranged from 0.04 to 0.34 meter per day.
Tritium concentrations in the unsaturated zone varied spatially reflecting the heterogeneity of wastes in the overlying trenches and local hydrogeologic conditions. Tritium concentrations at all lysimeter locations increased with time; however, the increases usually were of small magnitude. Tritium concentrations increased abruptly, from five to nine times previous concentrations, at only 3 of 14 locations.
Gas samples were collected from a network of soil-gas piezometers located in the undisturbed unsaturated zone near a waste trench at approximately 70-day intervals during 1984-86. Relative proportions of nitrogen, oxygen plus argon, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, tritiated water vapor, carbon dioxide, and 222radon were converted to partial pressures, based on a mean atmospheric pressure of 98.6 kilopascals. Methane and 14 carbon dioxide were identified as originating in the waste and having mean partial pressures that generally decreased with horizontal distance from the trench and with vertical distance to the land surface. Partial-pressure gradients for other radioactive gases were not detected in the gas sampling network; definable gradients may occur much nearer to the waste source.
Ground-water flow has been studied at the site since 1976. The spatial, stratigraphic, and lithologic complexity of the unconsolidated deposits that compose the shallow aquifer result in the free water surface intersecting nine different lithologic units at the site. Saturated hydraulic conductivities of these units range from about 4x10-12 to 8x10-6 centimeters per second. Three ground-water basins were defined within the shallow aquifer, with flow generally from west to east. Ground-water velocities are highly variable. A tracer test conducted in a pebbly-sand unit resulted in velocities in the range of 640 to 770 meters per year. Estimated velocities for the other units ranged from 2 to 490 meters per year.
Tritium was detected in observation wells on-site in 1976 and off-site in 1982. Concentrations ranged from the analytical detection limit of 0.2 to over 300 nanocuries per liter. Seasonal variations in tritium concentrations were observed in most wells, and dilution caused by infiltrating rainfall was observed.
Water-chemistry research included the collection and analysis of precipitation, geologic materials, and unsaturated- and saturated-zone water, both on-site and off-site, and in all geologic units, during 1978 to 1984. Precipitation was a calcium-zinc-sulfate type water. Calcium and bicarbonate were the most abundant cation and anion, respectively, in the geologic materials. Mean dissolved organic carbon and tritium concentrations (45 milligrams per liter and 290 nanocuries per liter, respectively) were greater in samples from six lysimeters located directly below waste trenches and one located within a trench, than in samples from all other lysimeters (8.4 milligrams per liter and 17 nanocuries per liter, respectively). Water in the saturated zone was generally a magnesium-bicarbonate type. Tritium was the only radionuclide detected in the saturated zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr88318","usgsCitation":"1989, Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-318, x, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88318.","productDescription":"x, 114 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":384153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Sheffield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.76242065429688,\n 41.33660710626423\n ],\n [\n -89.67727661132811,\n 41.33660710626423\n ],\n [\n -89.67727661132811,\n 41.3675335097313\n ],\n [\n -89.76242065429688,\n 41.3675335097313\n ],\n [\n -89.76242065429688,\n 41.33660710626423\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673fe8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ryan, Barbara J.","contributorId":53397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Barbara J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749494,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":68049,"text":"ha701 - 1989 - Hydrogeology of clastic Tertiary and Cretaceous regional aquifers and confining units of the southeastern coastal plain aquifer system of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:26","indexId":"ha701","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"701","title":"Hydrogeology of clastic Tertiary and Cretaceous regional aquifers and confining units of the southeastern coastal plain aquifer system of the United States","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha701","usgsCitation":"Renken, R.A., Mahon, G.L., and Davis, M.E., 1989, Hydrogeology of clastic Tertiary and Cretaceous regional aquifers and confining units of the southeastern coastal plain aquifer system of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 701, 8 maps on 3 sheets :col. ;sheets 86 x 112 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ha701.","productDescription":"8 maps on 3 sheets :col. ;sheets 86 x 112 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":89310,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/701/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89311,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/701/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89312,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/701/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"2500000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92,29 ], [ -92,35 ], [ -78,35 ], [ -78,29 ], [ -92,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db62467c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Renken, Robert A. rarenken@usgs.gov","contributorId":269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renken","given":"Robert","email":"rarenken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":277564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahon, Gary L. 0000-0002-7410-0261 glmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-0261","contributorId":270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahon","given":"Gary","email":"glmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":277565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Marvin E.","contributorId":36553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15548,"text":"ofr89379 - 1989 - Water-resources investigations in Tennessee; programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1988-1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:07","indexId":"ofr89379","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-379","title":"Water-resources investigations in Tennessee; programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1988-1989","docAbstract":"This report contains a summation of water resources projects which were active in the Tennessee District during 1988 or 1989. Given in each summary is the name of the project chief, the objective of the project, the progress of results of the study to date, and the name of the cooperator. The basic data programs conducted by the Tennessee District provide streamflow, quality of water, and groundwater levels information essential to the assessment and management of the State 's water resources. Long-term streamflow, quality of water, and groundwater levels networks are operated as part of the Hydrologic Data Section. Field operations are about equally divided among field offices in Memphis, Nashville, and Knoxville. The data collected as part of the networks are published in the series of annual data reports entitled ' Water Resources Data for Tennessee'. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89379","usgsCitation":"Quinones, F., Balthrop, B., and Baker, E., 1989, Water-resources investigations in Tennessee; programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1988-1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-379, v, 59 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89379.","productDescription":"v, 59 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1006,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr_89-379","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":148392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0379/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44503,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0379/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6995ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quinones, Ferdinand","contributorId":44138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinones","given":"Ferdinand","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balthrop, B.H.","contributorId":42980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balthrop","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, E.G.","contributorId":84382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15055,"text":"ofr8954 - 1989 - Annual yield and selected hydrologic data for the Arkansas River Basin Compact, Arkansas-Oklahoma, 1988 water year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:03","indexId":"ofr8954","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-54","title":"Annual yield and selected hydrologic data for the Arkansas River Basin Compact, Arkansas-Oklahoma, 1988 water year","docAbstract":"The computed annual yield and deficiency of the subbasins as defined in the Arkansas River Compact, Arkansas-Oklahoma, are given in tables. Actual runoff from the subbasins and depletion caused by major reservoirs in the compact area are also given in tabular form. Monthly, maximum, minimum, and mean discharge are shown for the 14 streamflow stations used in computing annual yield. Water quality data are shown for two sites in the compact area. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8954","usgsCitation":"Moore, M.A., Lamb, T., and Hauth, L.D., 1989, Annual yield and selected hydrologic data for the Arkansas River Basin Compact, Arkansas-Oklahoma, 1988 water year: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-54, iv, 36 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8954.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0054/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43970,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b7dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Martha A.","contributorId":10802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamb, T.E.","contributorId":58272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hauth, Leland D.","contributorId":17219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauth","given":"Leland","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":68595,"text":"ha718 - 1989 - Potential for aquifer compaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures in Avra Valley, Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":40982,"text":"ofr87685 - 1987 - Potential for aquifer compaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures in Avra Valley, Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona","indexId":"ofr87685","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Potential for aquifer compaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures in Avra Valley, Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68595,"text":"ha718 - 1989 - Potential for aquifer compaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures in Avra Valley, Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona","indexId":"ha718","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Potential for aquifer compaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures in Avra Valley, Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:12","indexId":"ha718","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"718","title":"Potential for aquifer compaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures in Avra Valley, Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha718","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S.R., 1989, Potential for aquifer compaction, land subsidence, and earth fissures in Avra Valley, Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 718, 5 maps on 3 sheets :col. ;33 x 19 cm. and 41 x 23 cm., sheets 80 x 97 cm. and smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ha718.","productDescription":"5 maps on 3 sheets :col. ;33 x 19 cm. and 41 x 23 cm., sheets 80 x 97 cm. and smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":90253,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/718/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":90254,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/718/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":90255,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/718/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.5,32 ], [ -111.5,32.75 ], [ -111,32.75 ], [ -111,32 ], [ -111.5,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a86b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, S. R.","contributorId":93518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":278546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":16139,"text":"ofr89269 - 1989 - Alaska index; streamflow, lake levels, and water-quality records to September 30, 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:17","indexId":"ofr89269","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-269","title":"Alaska index; streamflow, lake levels, and water-quality records to September 30, 1988","docAbstract":"Streamflow, lake levels, and water quality data are compiled for stations in the southeast, south-central, southwest, Yukon basin , northwest, and Arctic Slope subregions of Alaska. The report includes a map of each hydrologic subregion and tables listing types of data collected and periods of records. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nCopies available from Books and Open-File Reports,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89269","usgsCitation":"Still, P.J., and Cosby, J.M., 1989, Alaska index; streamflow, lake levels, and water-quality records to September 30, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-269, iv, 189 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89269.","productDescription":"iv, 189 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0269/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45058,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0269/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c1e4b07f02db53c54c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Still, Patsy J.","contributorId":27077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Still","given":"Patsy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cosby, Jennie M.","contributorId":64674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosby","given":"Jennie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":12380,"text":"ofr89249 - 1989 - Water Resources Research Grant Program Project Descriptions: Fiscal Year 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:40","indexId":"ofr89249","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-249","title":"Water Resources Research Grant Program Project Descriptions: Fiscal Year 1988","docAbstract":"This report contains information on the 38 new projects funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Research Grant Program in fiscal year 1988 and on 11 projects completed during the year. For the new projects, the report gives the grant number, project title, performing organization, principal investigator(s), project duration, and a project description that includes: (1) identification of water-related problems and problem-solution approach, (2) contribution to problem solution, (3) objectives, and (4) approach. The 38 projects include 14 in the area of ground-water quality problems, 10 in the science and technology of water-quality management, 4 in climate variability and the hydrologic cycle, 7 in institutional change in water-resources management, and 3 in miscellaneous water-resources management problems.\r\n\r\nFor the 11 completed projects, the report gives the grant number, project title, performing organization, principal investigator(s), starting date, date of receipt of final report, and an abstract of the final report. Each project description provides the information needed to obtain a copy of the final report.\r\n\r\nThe report also contains tables showing (1) proposals received according to \r\narea of research interest, (2) grant awards and funding according to area of \r\nresearch interest, (3) proposals received according to type of submitting \r\norganization, and (4) awards and funding according to type of organization.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr89249","usgsCitation":"Lew, M., and McCoy, B.M., 1989, Water Resources Research Grant Program Project Descriptions: Fiscal Year 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-249, v, 97 p. **PUBLICATION PAGES ARE IN INCORRECT ORDER**, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89249.","productDescription":"v, 97 p. **PUBLICATION PAGES ARE IN INCORRECT ORDER**","temporalStart":"1987-10-01","temporalEnd":"1988-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":145650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0249/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40615,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0249/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa3f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lew, Melvin (compiler)","contributorId":16022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lew","given":"Melvin","suffix":"(compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Beverly M.","contributorId":11620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Beverly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25588,"text":"wri894033 - 1989 - Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"wri894033","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4033","title":"Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1986","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey continued to monitor hydrologic and geochemical conditions in the Long Valley caldera during 1986. The monitoring is directed toward detecting changes in the hydrologic system caused by tectonic or magmatic processes. Data collected during 1986 include chemical and isotopic composition of water from selected streams sites, springs, and wells; pumpage from four geothermal wells; flow rates of selected springs and stream sites; mean daily water or gas temperatures at selected sites; mean daily atmospheric pressures and water level at selected wells, and precipitation records for two sites. Seismicity within the caldera persisted at a relatively low level compared with the more active periods of 1978-84. The most significant events of seismicity that affected hydrologic monitoring sites in Long Valley during 1986 occurred during July , in response to the Chalfant Valley earthquakes, centered about 20 miles southeast of the caldera. Water level records for three wells show distinct responses to the Chalfant Valley earthquakes. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894033","usgsCitation":"Farrar, C.D., Sorey, M., Rojstaczer, S., Steinemann, A., and Clark, M.D., 1989, Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4033, vi, 69 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894033.","productDescription":"vi, 69 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4033/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54330,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4033/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611851","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rojstaczer, S.A.","contributorId":54620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rojstaczer","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steinemann, A.C.","contributorId":71214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinemann","given":"A.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, M. D.","contributorId":25202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":26769,"text":"wri884093 - 1989 - Hydrogeology and water quality near a solid- and hazardous-waste landfill, Northwood, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri884093","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4093","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality near a solid- and hazardous-waste landfill, Northwood, Ohio","docAbstract":"Hydrogeology and water quality of ground water and selected streams were evaluated near a landfill in northwestern Ohio. The landfill is used for codisposal of solid and hazardous waste. Water-level and geologic data were collected from 36 wells and 3 surface-water sites during the period November 1983 to November 1985. Water-quality samples were collected from 18 wells and 3 surface-water sites this during this same period.\r\n\r\nThe primary aquifers in the area are the Greenfield Dolomite and underlying Lockport Dolomite of Silurian age. These bedrock carbonates are overlain by two clay tills of Wisconsin age. The tills are capped by a glacial lake clay. The tills generally are saturated, but do not yield sufficient water to be considered an aquifer. Two wells in the study area yield water, in part, from discontinuous deposits of outwash sand and gravel at the lower till-bedrock interface.\r\n\r\nRegional ground-water flow is from southwest to northeast; local flow is influenced by a ground-water mound centered under the northernmost cells of the landfill. Water levels in wells penetrating refuse within the landfill and the presence of leachate seeps indicate that the refuse is saturated. Head relations among the landfill, till, and dolomite aquifer indicate a vertical component of flow downward from the landfill to the dolomite aquifer. Water levels near the landfill fluctuate as much as 14 feet per year, in contrast to fluctuations of less than 3 feet per year in wells upgradient landfill.\r\n\r\nGround waters from wells completed in the dolomite aquifer and glacial till were found to have major-iron concentrations controlled, in large part, by reaction with calcite, dolomite, and other minerals in the aquifer. Only minor departures from equilibrium mineral saturation were noted for ground water, except in wells affected by cement/grout contamination. Molal ratios of calcuim:magnesium in ground water suggest a similar chemical evolution of waters throughout the dolomite aquifer in the study area. Stable-isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen indicate the source of water in the till unit and dolomite aquifer is atmospheric precipitation.\r\n\r\nElevated levels of total dissolved solids, boron, ammonia, and iron in the leachate and in wells downgradient of the landfill may indicate mixing of ground water with leachate. Oxygen and hydrogen stable-isotope ratios were used to differentiate waters from the glacial till and dolomite aquifer. Isotope ratios also show a shift off the local mixing line for leachate and for a well just downgradient from the landfill. The shift to heavier values of o D in the well water may be indicative of leachate mixing with ground water.\r\n\r\nThe effect of this mixing denoted by hydrologic, isotopic, and chemical-quality data is limited mostly to elevated levels of the common ions. Analysis did not indicate significant levels of toxic metals or organic contaminants except phenol, which was present at concentrations of from 1 to 5 micrograms per liter in six wells. Analysis of water-quality data from nearby streams suggest that surface leaching from the landfill does not significantly affect stream-water quality, but may contribute to higher level of trace metals in the streambed sediments.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri884093","usgsCitation":"De Roche, J., and Breen, K.J., 1989, Hydrogeology and water quality near a solid- and hazardous-waste landfill, Northwood, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4093, v, 76 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884093.","productDescription":"v, 76 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4093/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55658,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4093/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625407","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Roche, J.T.","contributorId":66691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Roche","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breen, K. J.","contributorId":44176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breen","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}