Fishes of the Truckee River basin (California and Nevada) evolved in an aquatic system that has been episodically diminished by extended drought. For potamodromous species, such as the endangered Cui-ui endemic to Pyramid Lake, Nevada, prehistoric episodic severe drought presumably led to periods of failed reproduction due to restricted access to spawning habitat. The response of the Cui-ui population to more recent failed reproduction caused by anthropogenic activity was studied to learn how to manage this species through periods of spawning disruption. Adult Cui-ui survival averaged 91% and 89% for females and males, respectively, in drought years when spawning migrations were either precluded or few fish migrated because of no or low stream flow. In each of 2 years when stream access was precluded, the adult survival was nearly 100% suggesting that Cui-ui survival is extended in the absence of a spawning migration. Survival averaged 62% and 60% for females and males, respectively, in years of spawning migrations. Strong predominant year-classes developed in the year immediately following a period of failed reproduction, indicating the species’ capacity for population rebound. Year-class predominance persisted for 6–10 years and through years of low survival associated with migration years, and this predominance is probably due, in part, to a diverse age at maturity. Contemporary water diversions from the Truckee River provided the opportunity to study the response of the Cui-ui population to years of failed reproduction. A projected drier Truckee River basin associated with global climate change will test the Cui-ui’s adaptive capacity to endure periods of reproductive failure. This study is aimed at assisting Cui-ui managers in conserving the species in this highly regulated and changing system. The study also adds insight into the prehistoric population dynamics of a potamodromous species in the arid western United States subject to wide fluctuations in annual precipitation and water availability.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1057350","usgsCitation":"Scoppettone, G.G., Rissler, P.H., Fabes, M.C., and Shea, S.P., 2015, Population dynamics of the Cui-ui of Pyramid Lake, Nevada: A Potamodromous catostomid subject to failed reproduction: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 5, p. 853-864, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1057350.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"864","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062344","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1057350","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Truckee River basin, Pyramid Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.718017578125,\n 39.64799732373418\n ],\n [\n -118.39965820312499,\n 39.64799732373418\n ],\n [\n -118.39965820312499,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -119.718017578125,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -119.718017578125,\n 39.64799732373418\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56b0e4b058f706e536a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoppettone, Gayton G. gary_scoppettone@usgs.gov","contributorId":2848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoppettone","given":"Gayton","email":"gary_scoppettone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rissler, Peter H. peter_rissler@usgs.gov","contributorId":4508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rissler","given":"Peter","email":"peter_rissler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fabes, Mark C. mark_fabes@usgs.gov","contributorId":4363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fabes","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fabes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shea, Sean P. sean_shea@usgs.gov","contributorId":4334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"Sean","email":"sean_shea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157510,"text":"70157510 - 2015 - Will the effects of sea-level rise create ecological traps for Pacific Island seabirds?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:42:46","indexId":"70157510","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Will the effects of sea-level rise create ecological traps for Pacific Island seabirds?","docAbstract":"More than 18 million seabirds nest on 58 Pacific islands protected within vast U.S. Marine National Monuments (1.9 million km2). However, most of these seabird colonies are on low-elevation islands and sea-level rise (SLR) and accompanying high-water perturbations are predicted to escalate with climate change. To understand how SLR may impact protected islands and insular biodiversity, we modeled inundation and wave-driven flooding of a globally important seabird rookery in the subtropical Pacific. We acquired new high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and used the Delft3D wave model and ArcGIS to model wave heights and inundation for a range of SLR scenarios (+0.5, +1.0, +1.5, and +2.0 m) at Midway Atoll. Next, we classified vegetation to delineate habitat exposure to inundation and identified how breeding phenology, colony synchrony, and life history traits affect species-specific sensitivity. We identified 3 of 13 species as highly vulnerable to SLR in the Hawaiian Islands and quantified their atoll-wide distribution (Laysan albatross, Phoebastria immutabilis; black-footed albatross, P. nigripes; and Bonin petrel, Pterodroma hypoleuca). Our models of wave-driven flooding forecast nest losses up to 10% greater than passive inundation models at +1.0 m SLR. At projections of + 2.0 m SLR, approximately 60% of albatross and 44% of Bonin petrel nests were overwashed displacing more than 616,400 breeding albatrosses and petrels. Habitat loss due to passive SLR may decrease the carrying capacity of some islands to support seabird colonies, while sudden high-water events directly reduce survival and reproduction. This is the first study to simulate wave-driven flooding and the combined impacts of SLR, groundwater rise, and storm waves on seabird colonies. Our results highlight the need for early climate change planning and restoration of higher elevation seabird refugia to prevent low-lying protected islands from becoming ecological traps in the face of rising sea levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0136773","collaboration":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, M.H., Courtot, K., Berkowitz, P., Storlazzi, C.D., Moore, J., and Flint, E., 2015, Will the effects of sea-level rise create ecological traps for Pacific Island seabirds?: PLoS ONE, v. 10, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136773.","productDescription":"23 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066797","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136773","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -177.4,\n 28.15\n ],\n [\n -177.4,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -177.3,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -177.3,\n 28.15\n ],\n [\n -177.4,\n 28.15\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56bee4b058f706e536ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Michelle H. 0000-0001-7253-8158 mreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-8158","contributorId":3871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Michelle","email":"mreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Courtot, Karen 0000-0002-8849-4054 kcourtot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4054","contributorId":140002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtot","given":"Karen","email":"kcourtot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berkowitz, Paul pberkowitz@usgs.gov","contributorId":4642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkowitz","given":"Paul","email":"pberkowitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":573391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":140584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, Janet","contributorId":147944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Janet","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16961,"text":"Saint Mary's University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flint, Elizabeth","contributorId":147945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flint","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70157281,"text":"70157281 - 2015 - Hydrothermal alteration and diagenesis of terrestrial lacustrine pillow basalts: Coordination of hyperspectral imaging with laboratory measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T11:23:06","indexId":"70157281","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal alteration and diagenesis of terrestrial lacustrine pillow basalts: Coordination of hyperspectral imaging with laboratory measurements","docAbstract":"We investigate an outcrop of ∼187 Ma lacustrine pillow basalts of the Talcott Formation exposed in Meriden, Connecticut, USA, focusing on coordinated analyses of one pillow lava to characterize the aqueous history of these basalts in the Hartford Basin. This work uses a suite of multidisciplinary measurements, including hyperspectral imaging, other spectroscopic techniques, and chemical and mineralogical analyses, from the microscopic scale up to the scale of an outcrop.
\nThe phases identified in the sample are albite, large iron oxides, and titanite throughout; calcite in vesicles; calcic clinopyroxene, aegirine, and Fe/Mg-bearing clay in the rind; and fine-grained hematite and pyroxenes in the interior. Using imaging spectroscopy, the chemistry and mineralogy results extend to the hand sample and larger outcrop. From all of the analyses, we suggest that the pillow basalts were altered initially after emplacement, either by heated lake water or magmatic fluids, at temperatures of at least 400-600°C, and the calcic clinopyroxenes and aegirine identified in the rind are a preserved record of that alteration. As the hydrothermal system cooled to slightly lower temperatures, clays formed in the rind, and, during this alteration, the sample oxidized to form hematite in the matrix of the interior and Fe3+ in the pyroxenes in the rind. During the waning stages of the hydrothermal system, calcite precipitated in vesicles within the rind. Later, diagenetic processes albitized the sample, with albite replacing plagioclase, lining vesicles, and accreting onto the exterior of the sample. This albitization or Na-metasomatism occurred when the lake within the Hartford Basin evaporated during a drier past climatic era, resulting in Na-rich brines. As Ca-rich plagioclase altered to albite, Ca was released into solution, eventually precipitating as calcite in previously-unfilled vesicles, dominantly in the interior of the pillow. Coordinated analyses of this sample permit identification of the alteration phases and help synthesize the aqueous history of pillow lavas of the Talcott formation. These results are also relevant to Mars, where volcanically-resurfaced open basin lakes have been found, and this Hartford Basin outcrop may be a valuable analog for any potential volcano-lacustrine interactions. The results can also help to inform the utility and optimization of potentially complementary, synergistic, and uniquely-suited techniques for characterization of hydrothermally-altered terrains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.024","usgsCitation":"Greenberger, R.N., Mustard, J., Cloutis, E., Mann, P., Wilson, J.H., Flemming, R.L., Robertson, K., Salvatore, M.R., and Edwards, C., 2015, Hydrothermal alteration and diagenesis of terrestrial lacustrine pillow basalts: Coordination of hyperspectral imaging with laboratory measurements: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 171, p. 174-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.024.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"200","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062817","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Meriden","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.87368774414062,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -72.685546875,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -72.685546875,\n 41.580525125613846\n ],\n [\n -72.87368774414062,\n 41.580525125613846\n ],\n [\n -72.87368774414062,\n 41.47566020027821\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"171","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56a8e4b058f706e5369e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenberger, Rebecca N","contributorId":147769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenberger","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mustard, John F","contributorId":147770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mustard","given":"John F","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cloutis, Edward A.","contributorId":147771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cloutis","given":"Edward A.","affiliations":[{"id":16930,"text":"University of Winnipeg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mann, Paul","contributorId":57729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Janette H.","contributorId":147772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Janette","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":16931,"text":"Headwall Photonics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flemming, Roberta L","contributorId":147773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flemming","given":"Roberta","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":13255,"text":"University of Western Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Robertson, Kevin","contributorId":147774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Salvatore, Mark R","contributorId":147775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salvatore","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Edwards, Christopher cedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":147768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Christopher","email":"cedwards@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70155182,"text":"sir20155103 - 2015 - Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-09T09:22:16","indexId":"sir20155103","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-25T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5103","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.2 mile reach of the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana (Ind.), were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage 03331753, Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Ind. Current conditions for estimating near-real-time areas of inundation using USGS streamgage information may be obtained on the Internet from the USGS National Water Information System at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/in/nwis/uv?site_no=03331753. In addition, information has been provided by the USGS to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (http://water.weather.gov/ahps/). The NWS AHPS forecasts flood hydrographs at many sites that are often collocated with USGS streamgages, including the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Ind. NWS AHPS forecast peak-stage information may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation and forecasts of flood hydrographs at this site.
\nFor this study, flood profiles were computed for the Tippecanoe River reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relations at the Tippecanoe River streamgage, in combination with the current (2014) Federal Emergency Management Agency flood-insurance study for Pulaski County. The calibrated hydraulic model was then used to determine nine water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from bankfull to the highest stage of the current stage-discharge rating curve. The 1-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) flood stage (flood with recurrence intervals within 100 years) has not been determined yet for this streamgage location. The rating has not been developed for the 1-percent AEP because the streamgage dates to only 2001. The simulated water-surface profiles were then used with a geographic information system (GIS) digital elevation model (DEM, derived from Light Detection and Ranging [lidar]) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage 03331753, Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Ind., and forecast stream stages from the NWS AHPS, provides emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Menke, C.D., and Bunch, A.R., 2015, Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5103, 9 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155103.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 9 p.; Shape Files; Depth Grid; Read Me; Metadata","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-062654","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308491,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308585,"rank":3,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/sir2015-5103_tipwinIN_8_16.txt","text":"Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River","size":"14.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308586,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/sir2015-5103_tipwinIN_shapefile.txt","text":"Shape File","size":"11.8 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308587,"rank":5,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/00Readmewin.txt","text":"Read Me","size":"8.34 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308492,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/sir20155103.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.38 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308588,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/flood_extent_shape.zip","text":"Flood Shape Files","size":"698 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308589,"rank":7,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/grids.zip","text":"Depth Grids","size":"5.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Winamac","otherGeospatial":"Tippecanoe River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.60573959350586,\n 41.022002667989355\n ],\n [\n -86.60573959350586,\n 41.05851470715536\n ],\n [\n -86.56351089477539,\n 41.05851470715536\n ],\n [\n -86.56351089477539,\n 41.022002667989355\n ],\n [\n -86.60573959350586,\n 41.022002667989355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
http://in.water.usgs.gov/
http://ky.water.usgs.gov/
Evaporation from April 2005 through October 2007 at two central Florida lakes, one close to the Gulf of Mexico and one in the center of the peninsula, was 4.043 and 4.111 meters (m), respectively; evaporation for 2006 was 1.534 and 1.538 m, respectively. Although annual evaporation rates at the two lakes were similar, there were monthly differences between the two lakes because of changes in stored heat; the shallower Lake Calm (mean depth 3 m) stored less heat and exchanged heat more rapidly than the deeper Lake Starr (mean depth 5 m).
\nBoth lakes are seepage lakes (no surface-water inflow or outflows) that are dependent on groundwater inflow from their basins to offset an atmospheric deficit, because long-term rainfall in this area is less than evaporation. The Lake Starr basin, where sandy, well-drained ridges surround the lake, has a greater capacity to store infiltrating rain than the Lake Calm basin, which is flat and has poorly drained soils. The storage capacities of the basins affect groundwater exchange with the lakes. Rainfall and net groundwater exchange, which is related to basin characteristics, varied more between these two lakes than did evaporation during this study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Swancar, Amy, 2015, Comparison of evaporation at two central Florida lakes, April 2005–November 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File ReportDirector, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
(813) 498-5000
Or visit the Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
fl.water.usgs.gov
As a result of the need for isotopic reference waters having high δ2HVSMOW-SLAP and δ18OVSMOW-SLAP values for daily use, especially for tropical and equatorial-zone freshwaters, a new secondary isotopic reference material for international distribution was prepared from water collected from Lake Kyoga, Uganda.
\nThis isotopic reference lakewater was filtered through a membrane with 0.2-µm pore size, homogenized, loaded into glass ampoules that were sealed with a torch and autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and measured by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This reference material is available in a case of 144 glass ampoules each containing 5 mL of water.
\nThe δ2H and δ18O values of this reference material are +32.8 ± 0.4 and +4.95 ± 0.02 mUr (milliurey = 0.001 = 1 ‰), respectively, relative to VSMOW, on scales normalized such that the δ2H and δ18O values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, −428 and −55.5 mUr. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U = 2uc) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95 % probability of encompassing the true value.
\nThis isotopic reference material, designated as USGS50, is intended as one of two reference waters for daily normalization of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis of water with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer, of use especially for isotope-hydrology laboratories analyzing freshwater samples from equatorial and tropical regions.
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However, few simple models have been developed that relate the amount of catchment land use to downstream freshwater nutrients. Nor are existing models applicable to large numbers of freshwaters across broad spatial extents such as regions or continents. This research aims to increase model performance by exploring three factors that affect the relationship between land use and downstream nutrients in freshwater: the spatial extent for measuring land use, hydrologic connectivity, and the regional differences in both the amount of nutrients and effects of land use on them. We quantified the effects of these three factors that relate land use to lake total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) in 346 north temperate lakes in 7 regions in Michigan, USA. 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Unconventional oil and gas (UOG) development is one emerging stressor that spans the U.S. UOG development could alter stream sedimentation, riparian extent and composition, in-stream flow, and water quality. We developed indices to describe the watershed sensitivity and exposure to natural and anthropogenic disturbances and computed a vulnerability index from these two scores across stream catchments in six productive shale plays. We predicted that catchment vulnerability scores would vary across plays due to climatic, geologic and anthropogenic differences. Across-shale averages supported this prediction revealing differences in catchment sensitivity, exposure, and vulnerability scores that resulted from different natural and anthropogenic environmental conditions. For example, semi-arid Western shale play catchments (Mowry, Hilliard, and Bakken) tended to be more sensitive to stressors due to low annual average precipitation and extensive grassland. Catchments in the Barnett and Marcellus-Utica were naturally sensitive from more erosive soils and steeper catchment slopes, but these catchments also experienced areas with greater UOG densities and urbanization. Our analysis suggested Fayetteville and Barnett catchments were vulnerable due to existing anthropogenic exposure. However, all shale plays had catchments that spanned a wide vulnerability gradient. Our results identify vulnerable catchments that can help prioritize stream protection and monitoring efforts. Resource managers can also use these findings to guide local development activities to help reduce possible environmental effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0137416","usgsCitation":"Entrekin, S., Maloney, K.O., Kapo, K.E., Walters, A.W., Evans-White, M.A., and Klemow, K.M., 2015, Stream vulnerability to widespread and emergent stressors: a focus on unconventional oil and gas: PLoS ONE, p. 1-28, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137416.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063366","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137416","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":309372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560d07bbe4b058f706e54316","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Entrekin, Sally","contributorId":147949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Entrekin","given":"Sally","affiliations":[{"id":16964,"text":"University of Central Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maloney, Kelly O. 0000-0003-2304-0745 kmaloney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2304-0745","contributorId":4636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"Kelly","email":"kmaloney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kapo, Katherine E.","contributorId":147950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kapo","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16965,"text":"Waterborne Environmental Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evans-White, Michelle A.","contributorId":39635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans-White","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klemow, Kenneth M.","contributorId":50238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klemow","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70156561,"text":"fs20153056 - 2015 - Organic waste compounds as contaminants in Milwaukee-area streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T13:18:31","indexId":"fs20153056","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-22T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3056","title":"Organic waste compounds as contaminants in Milwaukee-area streams","docAbstract":"Organic waste compounds (OWCs) are ingredients and by-products of common agricultural, industrial, and household substances that can contaminate our streams through sources like urban runoff, sewage overflows, and leaking septic systems. To better understand how OWCs are affecting Milwaukee-area streams, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District, conducted a three-year study to investigate the presence and potential toxicity of 69 OWCs in base flow, stormflow, pore water, and sediment at 14 stream sites and 3 Milwaukee harbor locations. This fact sheet summarizes the major findings of this study, including detection frequencies and concentrations, potential toxicity, the prevalence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the influence of urbanization.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153056","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, A.K., Corsi, S.R., Magruder, Christopher, Magruder, Matthew, and Bruce, J.L., 2015, Organic waste compounds as contaminants in Milwaukee-area streams: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3056, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153056.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066459","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3056/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308381,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3056/fs20153056.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.53","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3056"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Milwaukee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.09112548828125,\n 42.85180609584705\n ],\n [\n -88.09112548828125,\n 43.22319117678931\n ],\n [\n -87.77801513671875,\n 43.22319117678931\n ],\n [\n -87.77801513671875,\n 42.85180609584705\n ],\n [\n -88.09112548828125,\n 42.85180609584705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wisconsin Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, Wisconsin 53562–3586
http://wi.water.usgs.gov
The Columbia Plateau is a wide basalt plateau between the Cascade Range and the Rocky Mountains that covers parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. The climate over much of the Columbia Plateau is semiarid with precipitation ranging from 7 to 15 in/yr in the central part (Vaccaro and others, 2015), yet the area supports a $6 billion per year agricultural industry, including the production of apples, corn, grapes, hops, mint, potatoes, stone fruit, and wheat. Groundwater pumpage and surface-water diversions supply water to irrigated croplands that account for about 5 percent of the Nation’s irrigated lands. Groundwater also is the primary source of drinking water for about 1.3 million people living on the plateau.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153063","usgsCitation":"Kahle, S.C., and Vaccaro, J.J., 2015, Groundwater resources of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3063, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153063.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-068258","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308249,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1817","text":"Professional Paper 1817"},{"id":308233,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3063/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308234,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3063/pdf/fs20153063.pdf","text":"Fact Sheet","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3063 PDF"},{"id":308235,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3063/","text":"Fact Sheet HTML","description":"HTML version of FS 2015-3063"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Plateau ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.453857421875,\n 45.166547157856016\n ],\n [\n -116.01562499999999,\n 45.166547157856016\n ],\n [\n -116.01562499999999,\n 47.931066347509784\n ],\n [\n -121.453857421875,\n 47.931066347509784\n ],\n [\n -121.453857421875,\n 45.166547157856016\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S.Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov/
Project web page at: http://wa.water.usgs.gov/projects/cpgw/
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-09-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56026db9e4b03bc34f5447d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kahle, Sue C. 0000-0003-1262-4446 sckahle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1262-4446","contributorId":3096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kahle","given":"Sue","email":"sckahle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaccaro, John J. jvaccaro@usgs.gov","contributorId":5848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaccaro","given":"John","email":"jvaccaro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155177,"text":"pp1817 - 2015 - Groundwater availability of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T14:33:33.472522","indexId":"pp1817","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-22T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1817","title":"Groundwater availability of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho","docAbstract":"The Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System (CPRAS) covers about 44,000 square miles of southeastern Washington, northeastern Oregon, and western Idaho. The area supports a $6-billion per year agricultural industry, leading the Nation in production of apples, hops, and eight other commodities. Groundwater pumpage and surface-water diversions supply water to croplands that account for about 5 percent of the Nation’s irrigated lands. Groundwater also is the primary source of drinking water for the more than 1.3 million people in the study area. Increasing competitive demands for water for municipal, fisheries/ecosystems, agricultural, domestic, hydropower, and recreational uses must be met by additional groundwater withdrawals and (or) by changes in the way water resources are allocated and used throughout the hydrologic system. As of 2014, most surface-water resources in the study area were either over allocated or fully appropriated, especially during the dry summer season. In response to continued competition for water, numerous water-management activities and concerns have gained prominence: water conservation, conjunctive use, artificial recharge, hydrologic implications of land-use change, pumpage effects on streamflow, and effects of climate variability and change. An integrated understanding of the hydrologic system is important in order to implement effective water-resource management strategies that address these concerns.
\nTo provide information to stakeholders involved in water-management activities, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Groundwater Resources Program assessed the groundwater availability as part of a national study of regional systems (U.S. Geological Survey, 2008). The CPRAS assessment includes:
\nThis effort builds on previous investigations, especially the USGS Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer-System Analysis study (CP-RASA). A major product of this new assessment is a numerical groundwater-flow model of the system. The model was used to estimate water-budget components of the hydrogeologic units composing the groundwater system, and to evaluate groundwater availability under existing land- and water-use conditions and a possible future climate scenario representing an increase in pumpage demand due to a warming climate. Information from this study also allowed for analysis of:
\nThe model also is a useful tool for investigating water supply, water demand, management strategies, groundwater-surface water exchanges, and potential effects of changing climate on the hydrologic system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1817","isbn":"978-1-4113-3928-6","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Vaccaro, J.J., Kahle, S.C., Ely, D.M., Burns, E.R., Snyder, D.T., Haynes, J.V., Olsen, T.D., Welch, W.B., and Morgan, D.S., 2015, Groundwater availability of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1817, 87 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/pp1817.","productDescription":"xi, 87 p.","numberOfPages":"104","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055330","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415710,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015G7","text":"Data Release: MODFLOW-NWT model used to evaluate the groundwater availability of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho"},{"id":308248,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20153063","text":"Fact Sheet 2015-3063"},{"id":308247,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1817/pp1817.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1817 PDF"},{"id":308246,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1817/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 48.03401915864286\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 48.03401915864286\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S.Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov/
Project web page at:http://wa.water.usgs.gov/projects/cpgw/
","tableOfContents":"To predict future coastal hazards, it is important to quantify any links between climate drivers and spatial patterns of coastal change. However, most studies of future coastal vulnerability do not account for the dynamic components of coastal water levels during storms, notably wave-driven processes, storm surges and seasonal water level anomalies, although these components can add metres to water levels during extreme events. Here we synthesize multi-decadal, co-located data assimilated between 1979 and 2012 that describe wave climate, local water levels and coastal change for 48 beaches throughout the Pacific Ocean basin. We find that observed coastal erosion across the Pacific varies most closely with El Niño/Southern Oscillation, with a smaller influence from the Southern Annular Mode and the Pacific North American pattern. In the northern and southern Pacific Ocean, regional wave and water level anomalies are significantly correlated to a suite of climate indices, particularly during boreal winter; conditions in the northeast Pacific Ocean are often opposite to those in the western and southern Pacific. We conclude that, if projections for an increasing frequency of extreme El Niño and La Niña events over the twenty-first century are confirmed, then populated regions on opposite sides of the Pacific Ocean basin could be alternately exposed to extreme coastal erosion and flooding, independent of sea-level rise.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/NGEO2539","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P.L., Short, A.D., Harley, M.D., Splinter, K.D., Vitousek, S., Turner, I.L., Allan, J., Banno, M., Bryan, K., Doria, A., Hansen, J., Kato, S., Kuriyama, Y., Randall-Goodwin, E., Ruggiero, P., Walker, I.J., and Heathfield, D.K., 2015, Coastal vulnerability across the Pacific dominated by El Niño-Southern Oscillation: Nature Geoscience, v. 8, p. 801-807, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2539.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"801","endPage":"807","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064922","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9md5g3vx","text":"External Repository"},{"id":308348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -232.91015625000003,\n -44.087585028245165\n ],\n [\n -232.91015625000003,\n 60.75915950226991\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 60.75915950226991\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n -44.087585028245165\n ],\n [\n -232.91015625000003,\n -44.087585028245165\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56026db6e4b03bc34f5447cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":2880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Short, Andrew D.","contributorId":147356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Short","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16826,"text":"University of Sydney","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harley, Mitchell D.","contributorId":147357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harley","given":"Mitchell","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16827,"text":"UNSW Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Splinter, Kristen D.","contributorId":147358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Splinter","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16827,"text":"UNSW Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vitousek, Sean svitousek@usgs.gov","contributorId":5774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Turner, Ian L.","contributorId":147366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16827,"text":"UNSW Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Allan, Jonathan","contributorId":46847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":7198,"text":"Oregon Department Geology and Mineral Industries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Banno, Masayuki","contributorId":147359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banno","given":"Masayuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16828,"text":"Port and Airport Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bryan, Karin R.","contributorId":147360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bryan","given":"Karin R.","affiliations":[{"id":12678,"text":"University of Waikato","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Doria, Andre","contributorId":147361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doria","given":"Andre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12888,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hansen, Jeff E.","contributorId":60339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jeff E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kato, Shigeru","contributorId":147363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kato","given":"Shigeru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16830,"text":"Toyohashi University of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kuriyama, Yoshiaki","contributorId":147364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuriyama","given":"Yoshiaki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16828,"text":"Port and Airport Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Randall-Goodwin, Evan","contributorId":147365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randall-Goodwin","given":"Evan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":15709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Walker, Ian J.","contributorId":147367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Heathfield, Derek K.","contributorId":147362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heathfield","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70157262,"text":"ofr20151154 - 2015 - National assessment of nor’easter-induced coastal erosion hazards: mid- and northeast Atlantic coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T08:31:38","indexId":"ofr20151154","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-21T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1154","title":"National assessment of nor’easter-induced coastal erosion hazards: mid- and northeast Atlantic coast","docAbstract":"Beaches serve as a natural buffer between the ocean and inland communities, ecosystems, and natural resources. However, these dynamic environments move and change in response to winds, waves, and currents. During extreme storms, changes to beaches can be great, and the results are sometimes catastrophic. Lives may be lost, communities destroyed, and millions of dollars spent on rebuilding.
\nDuring storms, large waves may erode beaches, and high storm surge may shift the erosive force of the waves higher on the beach. In some cases, the combined effects of waves and surge may cause overwash (when waves and surge overtop the dune, transporting sediment inland) or flooding. Buildings and infrastructure on or near a dune can be undermined during wave attack and subsequent erosion. A number of strong northeast storms—storms with winds tending to blow from the northeast direction—referred to as nor’easters, have hit the mid- and northeast Atlantic coast of the United States in recent years (February 2013 and January 2015). Waves from these storms caused severe erosion, flooding, and undermining of roads in many areas along the northeast Atlantic coast.
\nWaves overtopping a dune can transport water and sand inland, covering roads and blocking evacuation routes or impeding emergency relief. If storm surge inundates barrier island dunes, currents flowing across the island can create a breach, or a new inlet, completely severing evacuation routes.
\nExtreme coastal changes caused by hurricanes or nor’easters may increase the vulnerability of communities both during a storm and to future storms. For example, when sand dunes are substantially eroded, inland structures are exposed to storm surge and waves. On barrier islands, absent or low dunes allow water to flow inland across the island.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151154","usgsCitation":"Birchler, J.J., Dalyander, P.S., Stockdon, H.F., and Doran, K.S., 2015, National assessment of nor’easter-induced coastal erosion hazards—Mid- and northeast Atlantic coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1154, 34 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151154.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 34 p.; Metadata; Spatial Data","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-064838","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308309,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://olga.er.usgs.gov/data/NACCH/Noreasters_erosion_hazards_metadata.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2015-1154","linkHelpText":"Probability Model Outputs: National Assessment of Nor'easter-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards: Mid- and Northeast Atlantic Coast (Polyline Shapefile)"},{"id":308195,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1154/ofr20151154.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1154"},{"id":308308,"rank":3,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://olga.er.usgs.gov/data/NACCH/Noreasters_erosion_hazards.zip","text":"Nor'easter Erosion Hazards Data Download","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2015-1154"},{"id":308187,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1154/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Mid-Atlantic Coast, Northeast Atlantic Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.99169921875,\n 33.65120829920497\n ],\n [\n -78.99169921875,\n 44.66865287227321\n ],\n [\n -68.18115234375,\n 44.66865287227321\n ],\n [\n -68.18115234375,\n 33.65120829920497\n ],\n [\n -78.99169921875,\n 33.65120829920497\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 Fourth Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
http://marine.usgs.gov/coastalchangehazards/
Resource managers lack an effective chemical tool to control the invasive zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. Zebra mussels clog water intakes for hydroelectric companies, harm unionid mussel species, and are believed to be a reservoir of avian botulism. Little is known about the digestive physiology of zebra mussels and unionid mussels. The enzymatic profile of the digestive glands of zebra mussels and native threeridge (Amblema plicata) and plain pocketbook mussels (Lampsilis cardium) are characterized using a commercial enzyme kit, api ZYM, and validated the kit with reagent-grade enzymes. A linear correlation was shown for only one of nineteen enzymes, tested between the api ZYM kit and a specific enzyme kit. Thus, the api ZYM kit should only be used to make general comparisons of enzyme presence and to observe trends in enzyme activities. Enzymatic trends were seen in the unionid mussel species, but not in zebra mussels sampled 32 days apart from the same location. Enzymatic classes, based on substrate, showed different trends, with proteolytic and phospholytic enzymes having the most change in relative enzyme activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Shellfisheries Association","doi":"10.2983/035.034.0225","collaboration":"University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","usgsCitation":"Sauey, B., Amberg, J.J., Cooper, S.T., Grunwald, S.K., Newton, T.J., and Haro, R.J., 2015, Preliminary characterization of digestive enzymes in freshwater mussels: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 34, no. 2, p. 415-422, https://doi.org/10.2983/035.034.0225.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"422","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061084","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56011c74e4b03bc34f5443df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauey, Blake W. bsauey@usgs.gov","contributorId":4748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauey","given":"Blake W.","email":"bsauey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amberg, Jon J. jamberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":147776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, Scott T.","contributorId":147777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16932,"text":"University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, Biology Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grunwald, Sandra K.","contributorId":147778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunwald","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16933,"text":"University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, Chemistry & Biochemistry Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newton, Teresa J. 0000-0001-9351-5852 tnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-5852","contributorId":2470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Teresa","email":"tnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haro, Roger J.","contributorId":139538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haro","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12793,"text":"University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190286,"text":"70190286 - 2015 - Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T16:11:28","indexId":"70190286","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2382,"text":"Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough","docAbstract":"Natural hydrate-bearing sediments from the Nankai Trough, offshore Japan, were studied using the Pressure Core Characterization Tools (PCCTs) to obtain geomechanical, hydrological, electrical, and biological properties under in situ pressure, temperature, and restored effective stress conditions. Measurement results, combined with index-property data and analytical physics-based models, provide unique insight into hydrate-bearing sediments in situ. Tested cores contain some silty-sands, but are predominantly sandy- and clayey-silts. Hydrate saturations Sh range from 0.15 to 0.74, with significant concentrations in the silty-sands. Wave velocity and flexible-wall permeameter measurements on never-depressurized pressure-core sediments suggest hydrates in the coarser-grained zones, the silty-sands where Sh exceeds 0.4, contribute to soil-skeletal stability and are load-bearing. In the sandy- and clayey-silts, where Sh < 0.4, the state of effective stress and stress history are significant factors determining sediment stiffness. Controlled depressurization tests show that hydrate dissociation occurs too quickly to maintain thermodynamic equilibrium, and pressure–temperature conditions track the hydrate stability boundary in pure-water, rather than that in seawater, in spite of both the in situ pore water and the water used to maintain specimen pore pressure prior to dissociation being saline. Hydrate dissociation accompanied with fines migration caused up to 2.4% vertical strain contraction. The first-ever direct shear measurements on never-depressurized pressure-core specimens show hydrate-bearing sediments have higher sediment strength and peak friction angle than post-dissociation sediments, but the residual friction angle remains the same in both cases. Permeability measurements made before and after hydrate dissociation demonstrate that water permeability increases after dissociation, but the gain is limited by the transition from hydrate saturation before dissociation to gas saturation after dissociation. In a proof-of-concept study, sediment microbial communities were successfully extracted and stored under high-pressure, anoxic conditions. Depressurized samples of these extractions were incubated in air, where microbes exhibited temperature-dependent growth rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.02.033","usgsCitation":"Santamarina, J., Dai, S., Terzariol, M., Jang, J., Waite, W., Winters, W.J., Nagao, J., Yoneda, J., Konno, Y., Fujii, T., and Suzuki, K., 2015, Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough: Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 66, no. 2, p. 434-450, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.02.033.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"434","endPage":"450","ipdsId":"IP-062005","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.02.033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e944ae4b04935557fe9dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Santamarina, J.C.","contributorId":50283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dai, Shifeng","contributorId":138922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dai","given":"Shifeng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12582,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Terzariol, M.","contributorId":195811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Terzariol","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jang, Jeonghwan","contributorId":190816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jang","given":"Jeonghwan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nagao, J.","contributorId":195812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nagao","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yoneda, J.","contributorId":195813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoneda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Konno, Y.","contributorId":195814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konno","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fujii, T.","contributorId":195815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujii","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Suzuki, K.","contributorId":178737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suzuki","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70188356,"text":"70188356 - 2015 - Widespread groundwater-level offsets caused by the Mw 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake of 23 August 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T09:06:51","indexId":"70188356","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread groundwater-level offsets caused by the Mw 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake of 23 August 2011","docAbstract":"Groundwater levels were offset in bedrock observation wells, measured by the U.S. Geological Survey or others, as far as 553 km from the Mw 5.8 Mineral, Virginia (USA), earthquake on 23 August 2011. Water levels dropped as much as 0.47 m in 34 wells and rose as much as 0.15 m in 12 others. In some wells, which are as much as 213 m deep, the water levels recovered from these deviations in hours to days, but in others the water-level offset may have persisted. The groundwater-level offsets occurred in locations where the earthquake was at least weakly felt, and the maximum water-level excursion increased with felt intensity, independent of epicentral distance. Coseismic static strain from the earthquake was too small and localized to have contributed significantly to the groundwater-level offsets. The relation with intensity is consistent with ground motion from seismic waves leading to the water-level offsets. Examination of the hydrographs indicates that short-period ground motion most likely affected the permeability of the bedrock aquifers monitored by the wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2014.2509(07)","usgsCitation":"Roeloffs, E.A., Nelms, D.L., and Sheets, R., 2015, Widespread groundwater-level offsets caused by the Mw 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake of 23 August 2011: GSA Special Papers, v. 509, p. 117-136, https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2509(07).","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"136","ipdsId":"IP-050835","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342196,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 43.3333\n ],\n [\n -84,\n 43.3333\n ],\n [\n -84,\n 34\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"509","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910afe4b0764e6c5e8881","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roeloffs, Evelyn A. 0000-0002-4761-0469 evelynr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4761-0469","contributorId":2680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeloffs","given":"Evelyn","email":"evelynr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelms, David L. 0000-0001-5747-642X dlnelms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-642X","contributorId":1892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelms","given":"David","email":"dlnelms@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheets, Rodney A. rasheets@usgs.gov","contributorId":1848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"Rodney A.","email":"rasheets@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157348,"text":"70157348 - 2015 - A comparison of estimates of basin-scale soil-moisture evapotranspiration and estimates of riparian groundwater evapotranspiration with implications for water budgets in the Verde Valley, Central Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-03T14:59:40.000811","indexId":"70157348","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of estimates of basin-scale soil-moisture evapotranspiration and estimates of riparian groundwater evapotranspiration with implications for water budgets in the Verde Valley, Central Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"Population growth in the Verde Valley in Arizona has led to efforts to better understand water availability in the watershed. Evapotranspiration (ET) is a substantial component of the water budget and a critical factor in estimating groundwater recharge in the area. In this study, four estimates of ET are compared and discussed with applications to the Verde Valley. Higher potential ET (PET) rates from the soil-water balance (SWB) recharge model resulted in an average annual ET volume about 17% greater than for ET from the basin characteristics (BCM) recharge model. Annual BCM PET volume, however, was greater by about a factor of 2 or more than SWB actual ET (AET) estimates, which are used in the SWB model to estimate groundwater recharge. ET also was estimated using a method that combines MODIS-EVI remote sensing data and geospatial information and by the MODFLOW-EVT ET package as part of a regional groundwater-flow model that includes the study area. Annual ET volumes were about same for upper-bound MODIS-EVI ET for perennial streams as for the MODFLOW ET estimates, with the small differences between the two methods having minimal impact on annual or longer groundwater budgets for the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F.D., Wiele, S.M., and Pool, D.R., 2015, A comparison of estimates of basin-scale soil-moisture evapotranspiration and estimates of riparian groundwater evapotranspiration with implications for water budgets in the Verde Valley, Central Arizona, USA: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 124, p. 278-291, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"278","endPage":"291","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062528","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Verde Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.43291497881991,\n 35.18255355174023\n ],\n [\n -112.43291497881991,\n 34.55130008916785\n ],\n [\n -110.95736033278712,\n 34.55130008916785\n ],\n [\n -110.95736033278712,\n 35.18255355174023\n ],\n [\n -112.43291497881991,\n 35.18255355174023\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"124","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012a34e4b03bc34f5443ea","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Tillman F.D, Wiele S.M., Pool D.R.","journalName":"Journal of Arid Environments","publicationDate":"1/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":147809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiele, Stephen M. smwiele@usgs.gov","contributorId":2199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiele","given":"Stephen","email":"smwiele@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70215738,"text":"70215738 - 2015 - Metagenomic analysis of planktonic microbial consortia from a non-tidal urban-impacted segment of James River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-28T12:55:07.626365","indexId":"70215738","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-19T07:49:37","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7182,"text":"Standards in Genomic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metagenomic analysis of planktonic microbial consortia from a non-tidal urban-impacted segment of James River","docAbstract":"Knowledge of the diversity and ecological function of the microbial consortia of James River in Virginia, USA, is essential to developing a more complete understanding of the ecology of this model river system. Metagenomic analysis of James River's planktonic microbial community was performed for the first time using an unamplified genomic library and a 16S rDNA amplicon library prepared and sequenced by Ion PGM and MiSeq, respectively. From the 0.46-Gb WGS library (GenBank:SRR1146621; MG-RAST:4532156.3), 4 × 106 reads revealed >3 × 106 genes, 240 families of prokaryotes, and 155 families of eukaryotes. From the 0.68-Gb 16S library (GenBank:SRR2124995; MG-RAST:4631271.3; EMB:2184), 4 × 106 reads revealed 259 families of eubacteria. Results of the WGS and 16S analyses were highly consistent and indicated that more than half of the bacterial sequences were Proteobacteria, predominantly Comamonadaceae. The most numerous genera in this group were Acidovorax (including iron oxidizers, nitrotolulene degraders, and plant pathogens), which accounted for 10 % of assigned bacterial reads. Polaromonas were another 6 % of all bacterial reads, with many assignments to groups capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Albidiferax (iron reducers) and Variovorax (biodegraders of a variety of natural biogenic compounds as well as anthropogenic contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and endocrine disruptors) each accounted for an additional 3 % of bacterial reads. Comparison of these data to other publically-available aquatic metagenomes revealed that this stretch of James River is highly similar to the upper Mississippi River, and that these river systems are more similar to aquaculture and sludge ecosystems than they are to lakes or to a pristine section of the upper Amazon River. Taken together, these analyses exposed previously unknown aspects of microbial biodiversity, documented the ecological responses of microbes to urban effects, and revealed the noteworthy presence of 22 human-pathogenic bacterial genera (e.g., Enterobacteriaceae, pathogenic Pseudomonadaceae, and ‘Vibrionales') and 6 pathogenic eukaryotic genera (e.g., Trypanosomatidae and Vahlkampfiidae). This information about pathogen diversity may be used to promote human epidemiological studies, enhance existing water quality monitoring efforts, and increase awareness of the possible health risks associated with recreational use of James River.
The water resources of Deep Creek Valley were assessed during 2012–13 with an emphasis on better understanding the groundwater flow system and groundwater budget. Surface-water resources are limited in Deep Creek Valley and are generally used for agriculture. Groundwater is the predominant water source for most other uses and to supplement irrigation. Most groundwater withdrawal in Deep Creek Valley occurs from the unconsolidated basin-fill deposits, in which conditions are generally unconfined near the mountain front and confined in the lower-altitude parts of the valley. Productive aquifers are also present in fractured bedrock that occurs along the valley margins and beneath the basin-fill deposits. The consolidated-rock and basin-fill aquifers are hydraulically connected in many areas with much of the recharge occurring in the consolidated-rock mountain blocks and most of the discharge occurring from the lower-altitude basin-fill deposits.
\nAverage annual recharge to the Deep Creek Valley hydrographic area was estimated to be between 19,000 and 29,000 acre-feet. Groundwater recharge occurs mostly from the infiltration of precipitation and snowmelt at high altitudes. Additional, but limited recharge occurs from the infiltration of runoff from precipitation near the mountain front, infiltration along stream channels, and possible subsurface inflow from adjacent hydrographic areas. Groundwater moves from areas of recharge to springs and streams in the mountains, and to evapotranspiration areas, springs, streams, and wells in the basins. Discharge may also occur as subsurface groundwater outflow to adjacent hydrographic areas. Average annual discharge from the Deep Creek Valley hydrographic area was estimated to be between 21,000 and 22,000 acre-feet, with the largest portion of discharge occurring as evapotranspiration.
\nGroundwater samples were collected from 10 sites for geochemical analysis. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 126 to 475 milligrams per liter, and none of the sites sampled during this study had dissolved-solids concentrations that exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency secondary standard for drinking water of 500 milligrams per liter. Tritium concentrations from 1.6 to 10.1 tritium units at 3 of the 10 sample sites indicate the presence of modern (less than 60 years old) groundwater, and apparent tritium/helium-3 ages calculated for these sites ranged from 7 to 29 years. The other seven sample sites had tritium concentrations less than or equal to 0.4 tritium units and are assumed to be pre-modern. Adjusted minimum radiocarbon ages of these seven pre-modern water samples ranged from 1,000 to 8,000 years with the ages of at least four of the samples being more than 3,000 years. Noble-gas recharge temperatures indicate that groundwater sampled along the valley axis recharged at both mountain and valley altitudes, providing evidence for both mountain-block and mountain-front recharge.
\nWater-level altitude contours and groundwater ages indicate the potential for a long flow path from southwest to northeast between northern Spring and Deep Creek Valleys through Tippett Valley. Although information gathered during this study is insufficient to conclude whether or not groundwater travels along this interbasin flow path, dissolved sulfate and chloride data indicate that a small fraction of the lower altitude, northern Deep Creek Valley discharge may be sourced from these areas. Despite the uncertainty due to limited data collection points, a hydraulic connection between northern Spring Valley, Tippett Valley, and Deep Creek Valley appears likely, and potential regional effects resulting from future groundwater withdrawals in northern Spring Valley warrant ongoing monitoring of groundwater levels across this area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Gardner, P.M., and Masbruch, M.D., 2015, Hydrogeologic and geochemical characterization of groundwater resources in Deep Creek Valley and adjacent areas, Juab and Tooele Counties, Utah, and Elko and White Pine Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5097, 53 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155097.","productDescription":"viii, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037371","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308275,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5097/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308276,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5097/sir20155097.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5097 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Utah","county":"Elko County, Juab County, Tooele County, White Pine County","otherGeospatial":"Deep Creek Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.59564208984374,\n 39.35766163717121\n ],\n [\n -114.59564208984374,\n 40.49918094806632\n ],\n [\n -113.72222900390625,\n 40.49918094806632\n ],\n [\n -113.72222900390625,\n 39.35766163717121\n ],\n [\n -114.59564208984374,\n 39.35766163717121\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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http://ut.water.usgs.gov
Algal blooms in the Great Lakes are a potential food source for silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (H. nobilis; together bigheaded carps). Understanding these blooms thus plays an important role in understanding the invasion potential of bigheaded carps. We used remote sensing imagery, temperatures, and improved species specific bioenergetics models to determine algal concentrations sufficient for adult bigheaded carps. Depending on water temperature we found that bigheaded carp require between 2 and 7 μg/L chlorophyll or between 0.3 and 1.26 × 105cells/mL Microcystis to maintain body weight. Algal concentrations in the western basin and shoreline were found to be commonly several times greater than the concentrations required for weight maintenance. The remote sensing images show that area of sufficient algal foods commonly encompassed several hundred square kilometers to several thousands of square kilometers when blooms form. From 2002 to 2011, mean algal concentrations increased 273%–411%. This indicates Lake Erie provides increasingly adequate planktonic algal food for bigheaded carps. The water temperatures and algal concentrations detected in Lake Erie from 2008 to 2012 support positive growth rates such that a 4 kg silver carp could gain between 19 and 57% of its body weight in a year. A 5 kg bighead carp modeled at the same water temperatures could gain 20–81% of their body weight in the same period. The remote sensing imagery and bioenergetic models suggest that bigheaded carps would not be food limited if they invaded Lake Erie.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.029","usgsCitation":"Anderson, K.R., Chapman, D., Wynne, T., Masagounder, K., and Paukert, C.P., 2015, Suitability of Lake Erie for bigheaded carps based on bioenergetic models and remote sensing: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 2, p. 358-366, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.029.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"366","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056785","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n 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]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012aabe4b03bc34f544434","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Karl R. 0000-0002-8584-1225 karlanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-1225","contributorId":5113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Karl","email":"karlanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wynne, Timothy","contributorId":147819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wynne","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":16942,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masagounder, Karthik 0000-0001-7354-1009","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-1009","contributorId":147820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Masagounder","given":"Karthik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16943,"text":"University of Missouri-Columbia MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":147821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155178,"text":"tm7C12 - 2015 - Approaches in highly parameterized inversion—PEST++ Version 3, a Parameter ESTimation and uncertainty analysis software suite optimized for large environmental models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T11:25:48","indexId":"tm7C12","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-18T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7-C12","title":"Approaches in highly parameterized inversion—PEST++ Version 3, a Parameter ESTimation and uncertainty analysis software suite optimized for large environmental models","docAbstract":"The PEST++ Version 1 object-oriented parameter estimation code is here extended to Version 3 to incorporate additional algorithms and tools to further improve support for large and complex environmental modeling problems. PEST++ Version 3 includes the Gauss-Marquardt-Levenberg (GML) algorithm for nonlinear parameter estimation, Tikhonov regularization, integrated linear-based uncertainty quantification, options of integrated TCP/IP based parallel run management or external independent run management by use of a Version 2 update of the GENIE Version 1 software code, and utilities for global sensitivity analyses. The Version 3 code design is consistent with PEST++ Version 1 and continues to be designed to lower the barriers of entry for users as well as developers while providing efficient and optimized algorithms capable of accommodating large, highly parameterized inverse problems. As such, this effort continues the original focus of (1) implementing the most popular and powerful features of the PEST software suite in a fashion that is easy for novice or experienced modelers to use and (2) developing a software framework that is easy to extend.
\nThe PEST++ Version 3 software suite can be compiled for Microsoft Windows®4 and Linux®5 operating systems; the source code is available in a Microsoft Visual Studio®6 2013 solution; Linux Makefiles are also provided. PEST++ Version 3 continues to build a foundation for an open-source framework capable of producing robust and efficient parameter estimation tools for large environmental models.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section C: Computer programs in Book 7 Automated Data Processing and Computations","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm7C12","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,Wisconsin Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, Wisconsin 53562-3586
http://wi.water.usgs.gov/
A detailed inventory of irrigated crop acreage is not available at the level of resolution needed to accurately estimate water use or to project future water demands in many Florida counties. This report provides a detailed digital map and summary of irrigated areas for 2014 within Jackson, Calhoun, and Gadsden Counties in Florida, and Houston County in Alabama. The irrigated areas were delineated using land-use data and orthoimagery that were then field verified between June and November 2014. Selected attribute data were collected for the irrigated areas, including crop type, primary water source, and type of irrigation system. Results of the 2014 study indicate that an estimated 31,608 acres were irrigated in Jackson County during 2014. This estimate includes 25,733 acres of field crops, 1,534 acres of ornamentals and grasses (including pasture), and 420 acres of orchards. Specific irrigated crops include cotton (11,759 acres), peanuts (9,909 acres), field corn (2,444 acres), and 3,235 acres of various vegetable (row) crops. The vegetable acreage includes 1,714 acres of which 857 acres were planted with both a spring and fall crop on the same field (double cropped). Overall, groundwater was used to irrigate 98.6 percent of the total irrigated acreage in Jackson County during 2014, whereas surface water and wastewater were used to irrigate the remaining 1.4 percent.
\nIrrigated cropland totaled 3,060 acres in Calhoun County; 4,547 acres in Gadsden County; and 10,333 acres in Houston County. In Calhoun County, sod accounted for the largest irrigated acreage (1,145 acres) followed by peanuts (886 acres). In Gadsden County, ornamentals accounted for the largest irrigated acreage (1,104 acres) followed by cotton (977 acres). In Houston County, cotton accounted for the largest irrigated acreage (4,310 acres) followed by peanuts (2,493 acres). Overall, an estimated 49,548 acres of land were irrigated during 2014 in the four counties inventoried. About 45,052 acres were irrigated by a center pivot, permanent or solid overhead fixtures, or a portable or traveling gun. In all, 650 center pivot irrigation systems were identified, and the calculated acreage under these pivots totaled 43,070 acres. There were 405 center pivot irrigation systems counted in Jackson County during the 2014 field verification followed by Houston with 197, Gadsden with 48, and Calhoun with 10. An estimated 35,087 acres of field corn, cotton, peanuts, and sorghum were irrigated by center pivot systems during 2014 in these four counties combined. Vegetable acreage for the four counties combined totaled 6,699 acres, with 54 percent being irrigated by a drip irrigation system and the remaining 46 percent irrigated by a center pivot or traveling gun.
\nThe irrigated acreage estimated for Jackson County in 2014 (31,608) is about 47 percent higher than the 2012 estimated acreage published by the USDA (21,508 acres). The estimates of irrigated acreage field verified during 2014 for Calhoun and Gadsden Counties are also higher than those published by the USDA for 2012 (86 percent and 71 percent, respectively). In Calhoun County the USDA reported 1,647 irrigated acres while the current study estimated 3,060 acres, and in Gadsden County the USDA reported 2,650 acres while the current study estimated 4,547 acres. For Houston County the USDA-reported value of 9,138 acres in 2012 was 13 percent below the 10,333 acres field verified in the current study. Differences between the USDA 2012 values and 2014 field verified estimates in these two datasets may occur because (1) irrigated acreage for some specific crops increased or decreased substantially during the 2-year interval due to commodity prices or economic changes, (2) irrigated acreage calculated for the current study may be estimated high because irrigation was assumed if an irrigation system was present and therefore the acreage was counted as irrigated, when in fact that may not have been the case as some farmers may not have used their irrigation systems during this growing period even if they had a crop in the field, or (3) the amount of irrigated acreages published by the USDA for selected crops may be underestimated in some cases.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151170","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services","usgsCitation":"Marella, R.L., and Dixon, J.F., 2015, Agricultural irrigated land-use inventory for Jackson, Calhoun, and Gadsden Counties in Florida, and Houston County in Alabama, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1170, 14 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151170.","productDescription":"Report: 14 p.; Appendix; GIS Shape Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-062523","costCenters":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1170/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308270,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1170/ofr20151170.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.78 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Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
http://fl.water.usgs.gov
Historically, the city of Palmdale and vicinity have relied on groundwater as the primary source of water, owing, in large part, to the scarcity of surface water in the region. Despite recent importing of surface water, groundwater withdrawal for municipal, industrial, and agricultural use has resulted in groundwater-level declines near the city of Palmdale in excess of 200 feet since the early 1900s. To meet the growing water demand in the area, the city of Palmdale has proposed the Amargosa Creek Recharge Project (ACRP), which has a footprint of about 150 acres along the Amargosa Creek 2 miles west of Palmdale, California. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term feasibility of recharging the Antelope Valley aquifer system by using infiltration of imported surface water from the California State Water Project in percolation basins at the ACRP.
\nThree monitoring sites were constructed, and geophysical surveys (gravity, seismic, and resistivity) were completed to define the thickness of valley-fill deposits, depth to water, and location of faults that could influence groundwater flow. Data collected at the monitoring sites, and results from the geophysical surveys, were used to identify three northwest-southeast trending faults in the vicinity of the proposed recharge facility; these faults are probably related to the nearby San Andreas fault zone. Water levels collected from wells at the monitoring sites showed water-level altitude differences as much as 230 feet between the upgradient and downgradient sides of the faults, indicating that these faults are barriers to groundwater flow. Lithologic and geophysical logs indicated the presence of a coarse gravel and sand unit extending from land surface to about 150 feet below land surface that did not appear to be disrupted by faulting.
\nWater samples collected from the monitoring wells were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, trace elements, dissolved organic carbon, volatile organic compounds, stable isotopes of oxygen (oxygen-18) and hydrogen (hydrogen-2, or deuterium), and the radioactive isotopes of hydrogen (hydrogen-3, or tritium) and carbon (carbon-14, or 14C) to determine the water quality of the aquifer system and to help determine the source and age of the groundwater. Results of the water-quality analysis indicated that the source of natural recharge is Amargosa Creek near the ACRP, but that the creek does not provide modern-day recharge downstream of the ACRP.
\nPotential effects of artificial recharge at the ACRP were evaluated by using a local-scale model of groundwater flow. On the basis of geologic samples collected during drilling, the hydraulic conductivity of the sand and gravel unit in the upper 150 feet was assumed to range from 10 to 100 feet per day. To address the goal of minimizing the potential for liquefaction during an earthquake from water-table rise associated with groundwater recharge at the ACRP, simulated water levels were constrained to remain at least 50 feet below land surface, except beneath the proposed artificial-recharge facility.
\nThe hydraulic conductivities of faults were estimated on the basis of water-level data and an estimate of natural recharge along Amargosa Creek. With assumed horizontal hydraulic conductivities of 10 and 100 feet per day in the upper 150 feet, the simulated maximum artificial recharge rates to the regional flow system at the ACRP were 3,400 and 9,400 acre-feet per year, respectively. These maximum recharge rates were limited primarily by the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the upper 150 feet and by the liquefaction constraint. Future monitoring of water-level and soil-water content changes during the proposed project would allow improved estimation of aquifer hydraulic properties, the effect of the faults on groundwater movement, and the overall recharge capacity of the ACRP.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Palmdale, California","usgsCitation":"Christensen, A.H., Siade, A.J., Martin, Peter, Langeheim, V.E., Catchings, R.D., and Burgess, M.K., 2015, Feasibility and potential effects of the proposed Amargosa Creek recharge project, Palmdale, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5054, 48 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/SIR20155054.","productDescription":"viii, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029364","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307894,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5054/sir20155054.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5054"},{"id":307893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5054/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Palmdale","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.58779907226561,\n 34.41710628141647\n ],\n [\n -118.58779907226561,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -117.73635864257812,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -117.73635864257812,\n 34.41710628141647\n ],\n [\n -118.58779907226561,\n 34.41710628141647\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95829
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a threat to human health worldwide, and although detected at marine beaches, they have been largely unstudied at freshwater beaches. Genes indicating S. aureus (SA; femA) and methicillin resistance (mecA) were detected at 11 and 12 of 13 US Great Lakes beaches and in 18% or 27% of 287 recreational water samples, respectively. Eight beaches had mecA + femA (potential MRSA) detections. During an intensive study, higher bather numbers, staphylococci concentrations, and femA detections were found in samples collected after noon than before noon. Local population density, beach cloud cover, and beach wave height were significantly correlated with SA or MRSA detection frequency. The Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene, associated with community-acquired MRSA, was detected in 12 out of 27 potential MRSA samples. The femA gene was detected less frequently at beaches that met US enterococci criteria or EU enterococci ‘excellent’ recreational water quality, but was not related to Escherichia coli-defined criteria. Escherichia coli is often the only indicator used to determine water quality at US beaches, given the economic and healthcare burden that can be associated with infections caused by SA and MRSA, monitoring of recreational waters for non-fecal bacteria such as staphylococci and/or SA may be warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"IWA Publishing","doi":"10.2166/wh.2014.278","usgsCitation":"Fogarty, L.R., Haack, S.K., Johnson, H., Brennan, A., Isaacs, N.M., and Spencer, C., 2015, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) at ambient freshwater beaches: Journal of Water and Health, v. 13, no. 3, p. 680-692, https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.278.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"680","endPage":"692","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059960","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308243,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":471786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.278","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fbd641e4b05d6c4e5028c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R. 0000-0003-0329-3251 lrfogart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-3251","contributorId":2053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa","email":"lrfogart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Heather E.","contributorId":207837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Heather E.","affiliations":[{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":744850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brennan, Angela K. akbrennan@usgs.gov","contributorId":147588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Angela K.","email":"akbrennan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Isaacs, Natasha M. nisaacs@usgs.gov","contributorId":4918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaacs","given":"Natasha","email":"nisaacs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spencer, Chelsea","contributorId":147589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spencer","given":"Chelsea","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70157271,"text":"70157271 - 2015 - Developing analytical approaches to explore the connection between endocrine-active pharmaceuticals in water to effects in fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:23:57","indexId":"70157271","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-17T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":764,"text":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing analytical approaches to explore the connection between endocrine-active pharmaceuticals in water to effects in fish","docAbstract":"The emphasis of this research project was to develop and optimize a solid-phase extraction method and highperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionizationmass spectrometry method, such that a linkage between the detection of endocrine-active pharmaceuticals (EAPs) in the aquatic environment and subsequent effects on fish populations could eventually be studied. Four EAPs were studied: tamoxifen (TAM), exemestane (EXE), letrozole (LET), anastrozole (ANA); and three TAM metabolites: 4- hydroxytamoxifen, e/z endoxifen, and n-desmethyl tamoxifen. In aqueous matrices, the use of isotopically labeled standards for the EAPs allowed for the generation of good recoveries, greater than 80 %, and low relative standard deviations (% RSDs) (3 to 27 %). TAM metabolites had lower recoveries in the spiked water matrices: 35 to 93 % in waste/source water compared to 58 to 110 % in DI water. The precision in DI water was acceptable ranging from 8 to 38 % RSD. However, the precision in real environmental wastewaters could be poor, ranging from 15 to 120 % RSD, dependent upon unique matrix effects. In plasma, the overall recoveries of the EAPs were acceptable: 88 to 110 %, with %RSDs of 6 to 18 % (Table 3). The spiked recoveries of the TAM metabolites from plasma were good, ranging from 77 to 120 %, with %RSDs ranging from 27 to 32 %. Two of the TAM metabolites, 4- hydroxytamoxifen and n-desmethyl tamoxifen, were confirmed in most of the environmental aqueous samples. The discovery of TAM metabolites demonstrates that the source of the TAM metabolites, TAM, is constant, introducing a pseudo-persistence of this chemical into the environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00216-015-8813-0","collaboration":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Jones-Lepp, T.L., Taniguchi-Fu, R., Morgan, J., Nance, T., Ward, M., Alvarez, D., and Mills, L., 2015, Developing analytical approaches to explore the connection between endocrine-active pharmaceuticals in water to effects in fish: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, v. 407, no. 21, p. 6481-6492, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8813-0.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"6481","endPage":"6492","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063155","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"407","issue":"21","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fbd63be4b05d6c4e5028c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones-Lepp, Tammy L.","contributorId":103132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones-Lepp","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taniguchi-Fu, Randi L.","contributorId":147746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taniguchi-Fu","given":"Randi L.","affiliations":[{"id":16920,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Las Vegas, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, Jade","contributorId":147747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"Jade","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16920,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Las Vegas, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nance, Trevor","contributorId":147748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nance","given":"Trevor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16920,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Las Vegas, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, Matthew","contributorId":147749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":16920,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Las Vegas, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alvarez, David A. dalvarez@usgs.gov","contributorId":139231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David A.","email":"dalvarez@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mills, Lesley","contributorId":147750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"Lesley","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16921,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency, National Human Health and Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, Narragansett, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}