Values of the unit hydrograph parameters time of concentration (TC) and storage coefficient (R) can be estimated for streams in Illinois by a two-step technique developed from data for 98 gaged basins in the State. The sum of TC and R is related to stream length (L) and main channel slope (S) by the relation (TC + R)e = 35.2L0.39 S-0.78. The variable R/(TC + R) is not significantly correlated with drainage area, slope, or length, but does exhibit a regional trend. Regional values of R/(TC + R) are used with the computed values of (TC + R)e to solve for estimated values of time of concentration (TCe) and storage coefficient (Re). The use of the variable R/(TC + R) is thought to account for variations in unit hydrograph parameters caused by physiographic variables such as basin topography, flood-plain development, and basin storage characteristics.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri8222","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Department of Transportation Division of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Graf, J.B., Garklavs, G., and Oberg, K.A., 1982, A technique for estimating time of concentration and storage coefficient values for Illinois streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-22, v, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8222.","productDescription":"v, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0022/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":300970,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0022/wri82_22.pdf","text":"Report","size":"350 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 82–22"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -87.73681640625,\n 42.47209690919285\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 42.24478535602799\n ],\n [\n -87.451171875,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -87.51708984375,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n -87.60498046875,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -87.38525390624999,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -87.86865234374999,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -87.7587890625,\n 37.80544394934274\n ],\n [\n -88.04443359375,\n 37.64903402157866\n ],\n [\n -88.00048828124999,\n 37.474858084971046\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 37.317751851636906\n ],\n [\n -88.26416015625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n -89.20898437499999,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -89.67041015625,\n 37.212831514455964\n ],\n [\n -89.49462890625,\n 37.405073750176946\n ],\n [\n -89.53857421875,\n 37.64903402157866\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -90.15380859375,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -90.37353515625,\n 38.87392853923629\n ],\n [\n -90.68115234375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -90.85693359375,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -91.51611328125,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -91.62597656249999,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 40.59727063442027\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 40.79717741518769\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 40.93011520598305\n ],\n [\n -91.16455078125,\n 41.178653972331695\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 41.475660200278234\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 41.55792157780418\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 41.85319643776675\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 42.50450285299051\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
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Values of time of concentration and storage coefficient, two unit hydrograph parameters, are presented for 194 and 120 basins in Illinois. Tabulated values consist of those computed by previous investigators as well as those computed for 98 basins as part of this investigation. These additional values were computed by calibration of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Flood Hydrograph Package (HEC-1). The significance of differences in method used by each investigator to compute these unit hydrography parameters was evaluated by statistical comparison of four sets of time of concentration values and three sets of storage coefficient values. Because no difference due to method was identified, it is concluded that all of the values tabulated in this report can be used in any application for which time of concentration and storage coefficient are required.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri8213","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Department of Transportation Division of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Graf, J.B., Garklavs, G., and Oberg, K.A., 1982, Time of concentration and storage coefficient values for Illinois streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-13, v, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8213.","productDescription":"v, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":300969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0013/wri82_13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 82–13"},{"id":158785,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0013/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -87.73681640625,\n 42.47209690919285\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 42.24478535602799\n ],\n [\n -87.451171875,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -87.51708984375,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n -87.60498046875,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -87.38525390624999,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -87.86865234374999,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -87.7587890625,\n 37.80544394934274\n ],\n [\n -88.04443359375,\n 37.64903402157866\n ],\n [\n -88.00048828124999,\n 37.474858084971046\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 37.317751851636906\n ],\n [\n -88.26416015625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n -89.20898437499999,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -89.67041015625,\n 37.212831514455964\n ],\n [\n -89.49462890625,\n 37.405073750176946\n ],\n [\n -89.53857421875,\n 37.64903402157866\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -90.15380859375,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -90.37353515625,\n 38.87392853923629\n ],\n [\n -90.68115234375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -90.85693359375,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -91.51611328125,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -91.62597656249999,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 40.59727063442027\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 40.79717741518769\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 40.93011520598305\n ],\n [\n -91.16455078125,\n 41.178653972331695\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 41.475660200278234\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 41.55792157780418\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 41.85319643776675\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 42.50450285299051\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
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405 North Goodwin
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There are at present about 1,000 Earth-crossing bodies of asteroidal appearance that have diameters greater than 1 km. It is calculated that on the average about 3 of these bodies impact the Earth every million years. Because there are many more small bodies than large ones, impacts of 10-km-diameter objects, as postulated by Alvarez and others to explain the Cretaceous/Tertiary extinction, occur less frequently. Nevertheless, it is expected that the frequency of impact of these larger bodies will be about once every 40 million years. The cratering record on the Earth and the Moon is in agreement with this estimate. It is likely that bodies as large as 20 km in diameter have struck the Earth during the last 3 billion years. A somewhat smaller but possibly comparable impact rate of active comet nuclei of similar size is also expected.
The bodies of asteroidal appearance represent a quasi-steady-state population. Losses by collision and perturbation out of the solar system are balanced by supply on a 107 to 108 year time scale of new objects: asteroidal fragments and extinct comet nuclei. The relative importance of these two sources is at present uncertain.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K.S., 1982, Reconnaissance geology of the Jabal Jasl' quadrangle, sheet 20/44, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2 Plates: 46.47 x 29.60 inches and 28.40 x 27.53 inches.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 46.47 x 29.60 inches and 28.40 x 27.53 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":463484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260409/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":463485,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260409/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":463486,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70260409/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"Saudi Arabia","otherGeospatial":"Jabal Jasl' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 44,\n 20.5\n ],\n [\n 44,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 44.5,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 44.5,\n 20.5\n ],\n [\n 44,\n 20.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"USGS-OF-02-56","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Karl S. 0000-0002-6536-9066 kkellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-9066","contributorId":1206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Karl","email":"kkellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231424,"text":"70231424 - 1982 - Land use mapping from Landsat imagery applied to central Tunisia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T16:41:48.774042","indexId":"70231424","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T09:56:46","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Land use mapping from Landsat imagery applied to central Tunisia","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote sensing of arid and semi-arid lands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"1st Thematic Conference of International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment","conferenceDate":"January 19-25, 1982","conferenceLocation":"Cairo, Egypt","language":"English","publisher":"University of Michigan","usgsCitation":"Hamza, A., Mami, A., and Sadowski, F.G., 1982, Land use mapping from Landsat imagery applied to central Tunisia, in Remote sensing of arid and semi-arid lands, v. 2, Cairo, Egypt, January 19-25, 1982, p. 1099-1111.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1099","endPage":"1111","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Tunisia","city":"Gafsa","otherGeospatial":"Qafsah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 8.312530517578125,\n 34.03217648339047\n ],\n [\n 9.331512451171875,\n 34.03217648339047\n ],\n [\n 9.331512451171875,\n 34.75628137043312\n ],\n [\n 8.312530517578125,\n 34.75628137043312\n ],\n [\n 8.312530517578125,\n 34.03217648339047\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamza, A.","contributorId":291584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamza","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mami, A.","contributorId":291585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mami","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sadowski, F. G.","contributorId":91634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowski","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":912,"text":"912 - 1982 - Water resources data: Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-09T09:57:12","indexId":"912","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T09:53:12","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data: Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey water-supply paper","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/912","issn":"0197-0755","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Dept. of Environmental Resources, the Philadelphia Water Dept., and with other state, municipal, and federal agencies.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1982, Water resources data: Pennsylvania, https://doi.org/10.3133/912.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.52,39.72 ], [ -80.52,42.27 ], [ -74.69,42.27 ], [ -74.69,39.72 ], [ -80.52,39.72 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53be6493e4b0527d5d4097f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006615,"text":"70006615 - 1982 - Freshwater aspects of anadromous salmonid enhancement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T09:53:38","indexId":"70006615","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T09:45:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":49,"text":"NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"447","title":"Freshwater aspects of anadromous salmonid enhancement","docAbstract":"Freshwater enhancement of anadromous salmonid populations has been practiced in the United States and Canada since the late 1800's. Reduction of natural spawning habitat and increasing fishing pressure make artificial enhancement a possible alternative to declining populations.
\nEnhancement of anadromous salmonids involved improvement of the natural environment and reducing natural mortality. Methods of enhancement include fishways, spawning and rearing channels, stream rehabilitation, lake fertilization, environmental management, and artificial propagation techniques.
\nFive Pacific salmon species and steelhead trout are commonly enhanced, primarily in watershed entering the Pacific Ocean and Great Lakes. Enhancement efforts contribute heavily to a commercial and sport industry realizing over $1.5 billion.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the the eighth U.S.-Japan meeting on aquaculture at Bellingham, Washington, October 17-18, 1979","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Marine Fisheries Service","publisherLocation":"Silver Spring, MD","usgsCitation":"Gould, R.W., 1982, Freshwater aspects of anadromous salmonid enhancement: NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular 447, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae76cee4b0abf75cf2c026","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, Rowan W.","contributorId":84271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"Rowan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70120395,"text":"70120395 - 1982 - SAGIS utilities user's manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T09:43:11","indexId":"70120395","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T09:42:37","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"SAGIS utilities user's manual","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Western Energy and Land Use Team","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Bartholomew, J.M., 1982, SAGIS utilities user's manual, 220 p.","productDescription":"220 p.","numberOfPages":"220","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292153,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd50e4b0f61b386d246a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomew, John M.","contributorId":25473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomew","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70200770,"text":"70200770 - 1982 - The geology of Europa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:41:30","indexId":"70200770","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T09:41:10","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The geology of Europa","docAbstract":"The map units and lineations of Europa are detailed, and the geologic processes, and history, and thick and thin ice models of the satellite are discussed. It is concluded that Europa lacks evidence of a horizontally stratified crust; the geology appears characterized by disruption of the crust and intrusions into an icy shell. The surface consists of plains and mottled terrain, the former being older. Numerous straight and curved lineations, streaks, stripes, and bands cross EuropA's surface on a global and surface scale. Most lineations appear related to fractures in the crust. Five fresh craters in the 10 to 30 km diameter range are visible. The dark spots, stripes, and bands that appear to have replaced sections of the crust suggest that material was transported to the surface from the subjacent silicate lithosphere. The apparent low density of craters superposed on Europa's surface suggests that the surface is about 100 million years old.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Satellites of Jupiter","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lucchitta, B.K., and Soderblom, L.A., 1982, The geology of Europa, chap. of Satellites of Jupiter, p. 521-555.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"521","endPage":"555","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359012,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19830035021"},{"id":359013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucchitta, Baerbel K. blucchitta@usgs.gov","contributorId":3649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Baerbel","email":"blucchitta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":750440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":908,"text":"908 - 1982 - Water resources data: North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-09T09:23:55","indexId":"908","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T09:22:04","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Water resources data: North Dakota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey water-supply paper","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/908","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the state of North Dakota","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1982, Water resources data: North Dakota, https://doi.org/10.3133/908.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.05,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,49.0007 ], [ -96.5545,45.9351 ], [ -104.05,45.9351 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53be6491e4b0527d5d4097ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70120392,"text":"70120392 - 1982 - Results of a modeling workshop concerning economic and environmental trends and concomitant resource management issues in the Mobile Bay area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T09:36:52","indexId":"70120392","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T09:19:54","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Results of a modeling workshop concerning economic and environmental trends and concomitant resource management issues in the Mobile Bay area","docAbstract":"During the past decade, the southern regions of the U.S. have experienced rapid change which is expected to continue into the foreseeable future. Growth in population, industry, and resource development has been attributed to a variety of advantages such as an abundant and inexpensive labor force, a mild climate, and the availability of energy, water, land, and other natural resources. While this growth has many benefits for the region, it also creates the potential for increased air, water, and solid waste pollution, and modification of natural habitats.
\nA workshop was convened to consider the Mobile Bay area as a site-specific case of growth and its environmental consequences in the southern region. The objectives of the modeling workshop were to: (1) identify major factors of economic development as they relate to growth in the area over the immediate and longer term; (2) identify major environmental and resource management issues associated with this expected growth; and (3) identify and characterize the complex interrelationships among economic and environmental factors. This report summarizes the activities and results of a modeling workshop concerning economic growth and concomitant resource management issues in the Mobile Bay area.
\nThe workshop was organized around construction of a simulation model representing the relationships between a series of actions and indicators identified by participants. The workshop model had five major components. An Industry Submodel generated scenarios of growth in several industrial and transportation sectors. A Human Population/Economy Submodel calculated human population and economic variables in response to employment opportunities. A Land Use/Air Quality Submodel tabulated changes in land use, shoreline use, and air quality. A Water Submodel calculated indicators of water quality and quantity for fresh surface water, ground water, and Mobile Bay based on discharge information provided by the Industry and Human Population/Economy Submodels. Finally, a Fish Submodel calculated indicators of habitat quality for finfish and shellfish, utilizing information on water quality and wetlands acreage.
\nThe workshop was successful in identifying many of the critical interrelations between components of the Mobile area system. Not all of those interactions, such as the feedback of air quality as a limitation on development, could be incorporated into the workshop model because of the model's broad spatial scale and because of uncertainties or data gaps. Thus, the value of the modeling workshop was in the areas outlines below, rather than in the predictive power of the initial model developed at the workshop.
\nFirst, participants developed a holistic perspective on the interactions which will determine future economic and environmental trends within the Mobile Bay area. Potential environmental consequences and limitations to grown identified at the workshop included: shoreline and water access; water quality of Mobile Bay; finfish and shellfish habitat quality with respect to dissolved oxygen and coliforms; air quality; and acreage of critical wetland habitat. Second, the model's requirements for specific, quantitative information stimulated supporting analyses, such as economic input-output calculations, which provide additional insight into the Mobile Bay area system. Third, the perspective of the Mobile area as an interacting system was developed in an open, cooperative forum which my provide a foundation for conflict resolution based on common understanding. Finally, the identification of model limitations and uncertainties should be useful in guiding the efficient allocation of future research effort.
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E.","contributorId":291582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mancy, K. H.","contributorId":14344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mancy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Latif, A. F. A.","contributorId":291583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latif","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. 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