Three different geophysical sensor types were used to characterize the underwater pressure waves generated by the underwater firing of a seismic water gun and their suitability for establishing a pressure barrier to potentially direct or prevent the movement of the Asian carps. The sensors used to collect the seismic information were blast rated hydrophones and underwater blast sensors. Specific location information for the water guns and the sensors was obtained using either laser rangefinders or differentially corrected global positioning systems (GPS).
\nTwo separate studies are discussed in this report. The two studies were completed during September 2012 and July 2013. Both of these studies took place in an earthen testing pond on the campus of Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center (UMESC) in La Crosse, Wisconsin.
\nPrevious studies had identified 5 pounds per square inch (lb/in2) as a target value for the successful operation of a water gun barrier. The September 2012 study evaluated the performance of 1-cubic-inch (in3) and 80-in3 water guns. Data from the 1-in3 gun showed that it produces a very planar wave with limited effect on the depths above and below its gun ports. The 1-in3 gun did not produce the 5-lb/in2
\ntarget pressure at a sufficient distance to be considered effective. The 80-in3 gun produced a bowl-shaped pressure field with the 5-lb/in2 target radius at the surface extending to 45 feet.
\nThe July 2013 study consisted of three scenarios: fish behavior, single gun assessment, and experimental barrier evaluation. The fish behavior scenario simulated the pond conditions from previous studies. Two 80-in3 water guns were fired in the south end of the testing pond. Pressures essentially doubled from the testing of the single 80-in3 water gun. The single gun assessment scenario sought to replicate the setup of the 80-in3 scenario in September 2012, but with additional sensors to better define the pressure field. The 5-lb/in2 target pressure field continued to show a radius ranging from 40 to 45 feet, dependent on the pressure of the input air. The final scenario, the experimental barrier evaluation, showed that a two-dimensional continuous plane of 5 lb/in2 can be created between two 80-in3 water guns to a separation of 99 feet and a depth of 6.5 feet with 1,500 lb/in2 of input air.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151130","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Restoration Initiative","usgsCitation":"Adams, R.F., and Morrow, W.S., 2015, Geophysical investigation of the pressure field produced by water guns at a pond site in La Crosse, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1130, 24 p., 1 app., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151130.","productDescription":"iv, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-09-01","temporalEnd":"2013-07-31","ipdsId":"IP-053140","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1130/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":307793,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1130/ofr20151130.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1130"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"La Crosse","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.25677585601807,\n 43.8665583482127\n ],\n [\n -91.25677585601807,\n 43.86934288877363\n ],\n [\n -91.24935150146484,\n 43.86934288877363\n ],\n [\n -91.24935150146484,\n 43.8665583482127\n ],\n [\n -91.25677585601807,\n 43.8665583482127\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Illinois Water Science Center
405 N. Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
(217) 328-8747
http://il.water.usgs.gov/
Long-term temporal trends in water temperature in rivers and streams are typically estimated under the assumption of evenly-spaced space-time measurements. However, sampling times and dates associated with historical water temperature datasets and some sampling designs may be haphazard. As a result, trends in temperature may be confounded with trends in time or space of sampling which, in turn, may yield biased trend estimators and thus unreliable conclusions. We address this concern using multilevel (hierarchical) linear models, where time effects are allowed to vary randomly by day and date effects by year. We evaluate the proposed approach by Monte Carlo simulations with imbalance, sparse data and confounding by trend in time and date of sampling. Simulation results indicate unbiased trend estimators while results from a case study of temperature data from the Illinois River, USA conform to river thermal assumptions. We also propose a new nonparametric bootstrap inference on multilevel models that allows for a relatively flexible and distribution-free quantification of uncertainties. The proposed multilevel modeling approach may be elaborated to accommodate nonlinearities within days and years when sampling times or dates typically span temperature extremes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"Heidelberg, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s10260-015-0334-7","usgsCitation":"Gray, B.R., Lyubchich, V., Gel, Y.R., Rogala, J.T., Robertson, D.M., and Wei, X., 2015, Estimation of river and stream temperature trends under haphazard sampling: Statistical Methods & Applications, v. 25, no. 1, p. 89-105, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10260-015-0334-7.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"105","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062819","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River","volume":"25","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f33e4b07657d19c7896","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyubchich, Vyacheslav","contributorId":147780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyubchich","given":"Vyacheslav","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12956,"text":"Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gel, Yulia R.","contributorId":147781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gel","given":"Yulia","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16934,"text":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rogala, James T. 0000-0002-1954-4097 jrogala@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1954-4097","contributorId":2651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogala","given":"James","email":"jrogala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wei, Xiaoqiao","contributorId":147782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wei","given":"Xiaoqiao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16935,"text":"3M Center, Saint Paul, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70156909,"text":"ds950 - 2015 - Mercury, monomethyl mercury, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations in surface water entering and exiting constructed wetlands treated with metal-based coagulants, Twitchell Island, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T11:45:55","indexId":"ds950","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-02T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"950","title":"Mercury, monomethyl mercury, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations in surface water entering and exiting constructed wetlands treated with metal-based coagulants, Twitchell Island, California","docAbstract":"Coagulation with metal-based salts is a practice commonly employed by drinking-water utilities to decrease particle and dissolved organic carbon concentrations in water. In addition to decreasing dissolved organic carbon concentrations, the effectiveness of iron- and aluminum-based coagulants for decreasing dissolved concentrations both of inorganic and monomethyl mercury in water was demonstrated in laboratory studies that used agricultural drainage water from the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta of California. To test the effectiveness of this approach at the field scale, nine 15-by-40‑meter wetland cells were constructed on Twitchell Island that received untreated water from island drainage canals (control) or drainage water treated with polyaluminum chloride or ferric sulfate coagulants. Surface-water samples were collected approximately monthly during November 2012–September 2013 from the inlets and outlets of the wetland cells and then analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey for total concentrations of mercury and monomethyl mercury in filtered (less than 0.3 micrometers) and suspended-particulate fractions and for concentrations of dissolved organic carbon.
\nIn the control wetland cells, total mercury concentrations in filtered water samples ranged from 0.94 to 2.47 nanograms per liter (ng/L) at the control inlets and from 0.84 to 2.63 ng/L at the control outlets, and particulate total mercury concentrations in water ranged from 0.27 to 1.49 ng/L at the control inlets and from 0.17 to 1.11 ng/L at the control outlets. Monomethyl mercury concentrations in filtered water ranged from 0.16 to 0.88 ng/L at the control inlets and from 0.13 to 1.30 ng/L at the control outlets; particulate monomethyl mercury concentrations in water ranged from 0.03 to 0.24 ng/L at the control inlets and from 0.03 to 0.23 ng/L at the control outlets. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in water ranged from 7.9 to 26.7 milligrams per liter at the control inlets and from 8.5 to 28.0 milligrams per liter at the control outlets.
\nFollowing coagulation, but prior to passage through the wetland cells, coagulation treatments transferred dissolved mercury and carbon to the particulate fraction relative to untreated source water: at the wetland cell inlets, the coagulation treatments decreased concentrations of filtered total mercury by 59–76 percent, filtered monomethyl mercury by 40–70 percent, and dissolved organic carbon by 65–86 percent. Passage through the wetland cells decreased the particulate fraction of mercury in wetland cells that received coagulant-treated water. Changes in total mercury, monomethyl mercury, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations resulting from wetland passage varied both by treatment and season. Despite increased monomethyl mercury in the filtered fraction during wetland passage between March and August, the coagulation-wetland systems generally decreased total mercury (filtered plus particulate) and monomethyl mercury (filtered plus particulate) concentrations relative to source water. Coagulation—either alone or in association with constructed wetlands—could be an effective way to decrease concentrations of mercury and dissolved organic carbon in surface water as well as the bioavailability of mercury in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds950","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Stumpner, E.B., Kraus, T.E.C., Fleck, J.A., Hansen, A.M., Bachand, S.M., Horwath, W.R., DeWild, J.F., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Bachand, P.A.M., 2015, Mercury, monomethyl mercury, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations in surface water entering and exiting constructed wetlands treated with metal-based coagulants, Twitchell Island, California: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 950, 26 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds950.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064756","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307801,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0950/ds950.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.47 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 950"},{"id":307800,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0950/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Twitchell Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.66465759277344,\n 38.18584706613636\n ],\n [\n -121.69967651367188,\n 38.12969560730616\n ],\n [\n -121.70860290527342,\n 38.1080873807306\n ],\n [\n -121.68663024902344,\n 38.085391861792274\n ],\n [\n -121.63993835449219,\n 38.08485140639173\n ],\n [\n -121.59049987792969,\n 38.08809407886681\n ],\n [\n -121.56097412109375,\n 38.0907961960593\n ],\n [\n -121.55479431152344,\n 38.108627664321276\n ],\n [\n -121.55136108398436,\n 38.12861534784239\n ],\n [\n -121.51908874511717,\n 38.16641491595218\n ],\n [\n -121.49848937988281,\n 38.19232329797254\n ],\n [\n -121.48818969726561,\n 38.213906578463856\n ],\n [\n -121.48338317871094,\n 38.23656213571519\n ],\n [\n -121.497802734375,\n 38.267836780226276\n ],\n [\n -121.56509399414061,\n 38.24680876017446\n ],\n [\n -121.57882690429688,\n 38.21552506654349\n ],\n [\n -121.59805297851561,\n 38.19232329797254\n ],\n [\n -121.63169860839845,\n 38.18692647809604\n ],\n [\n -121.66465759277344,\n 38.18584706613636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey developed flood elevations in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency for a 30-mile reach of the Deerfield River from the confluence of the Cold River tributary to the Connecticut River in the towns of Charlemont, Buckland, Shelburne, Conway, Deerfield, and Greenfield in Franklin County, Massachusetts to assist land owners, and emergency management workers prepare for and recover from floods. Peak flows with 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities were computed for the reach from updated flood-frequency analyses. These peak flows were routed through a one-dimensional step-backwater hydraulic model to obtain the corresponding peak water-surface elevations and to place the tropical storm Irene flood of August 28, 2011 into historical context. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using current [2015] stage-discharge relations at two U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in the study reach—Deerfield River at Charlemont, MA (01168500) and Deerfield River near West Deerfield, MA (01170000)—and from documented high-water marks from the tropical storm Irene flood, which had between a 1- and 0.2-percent AEP.
\nThe hydraulic model was used to compute water-surface profiles for flood stages referenced to the two streamgages. Two sets of flood-inundation map libraries were created from the modeled profiles. The library for the upstream, western portion of the modeled reach is 9.1 miles long, extends from just downstream of the confluence of the Deerfield River with the Cold River to just upstream of the confluence with Clesson Brook, and is calibrated to the Deerfield River at Charlemont, MA streamgage. The library for the downstream, eastern portion of the modeled reach is 8.9 miles long, extends from just downstream of the confluence of the Deerfield River with the South River to just upstream of the confluence with the Green River, and is calibrated to the Deerfield River near West Deerfield streamgage. Stages for mapped profiles of the upstream reach range from 8.7 feet (ft) at the local datum (525.6 ft when converted to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [NAVD 88]) to 25.7 ft (542.6 ft at NAVD 88) at the Charlemont streamgage, and stages for mapped profiles of the downstream reach range from 8.5 ft (165.2 ft at NAVD 88) to 29.0 ft (185.7 ft at NAVD 88) at the West Deerfield streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model derived from 0.5-ft vertical accuracy light detection and ranging (lidar) data to create the two sets of flood-inundation maps.
\nThe availability of the flood-inundation maps at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, combined with information regarding current (near real-time) stage from the two U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in the study reach, can provide emergency management personnel and residents with information to aid in flood response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, and with postflood recovery efforts. The flood-inundation maps are nonregulatory, but provide Federal, State, and local agencies and the public with estimates of the potential extent of flooding during selected peak-flow events.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155104","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Lombard, P.J., and Bent, G.C., 2015, Flood-inundation maps for the Deerfield River, Franklin County, Massachusetts, from the confluence with the Cold River tributary to the Connecticut River: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5104, 22 p., appendixes, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155104.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 22 p.; 2 Appendixes; Metadata","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-061958","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310302,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/downloads/sir20155104_flood-inundation_gis_charlemont.xml","text":"Charlemont flood inundation mapping GIS metadata (xml)","size":"12.3 KB","description":"SIR 2015-5104 - Metadata"},{"id":310303,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/downloads/sir20155104_flood-inundation_gis_wdeerfield.xml","text":"West Deerfield flood inundation mapping GIS metadata (xml)","size":"12.4 KB","description":"SIR 2015-5104 - Metadata"},{"id":310304,"rank":8,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/downloads/sir20155104_flood-inundation_gis_charlemont.zip","text":"Charlemont flood inundation mapping GIS","size":"27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5104 - Spatial Data"},{"id":310305,"rank":9,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/downloads/sir20155104_flood-inundation_gis_wdeerfield.zip","text":"West Deerfield flood inundation mapping GIS","size":"85.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5104 - Spatial Data"},{"id":310306,"rank":10,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://wimcloud.usgs.gov/apps/FIM/FloodInundationMapper.html","text":"Flood Inundation Mapper","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2015-5104"},{"id":307531,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/downloads/sir20155104_app2metadata.xml","text":"Appendix 2 Metadata (xml)","size":"12.4 KB","description":"SIR 2015-5104 - Metadata"},{"id":307527,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/sir20155104.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.66MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5104"},{"id":307526,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":307536,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/downloads/sir20155104_appendix2.zip","text":"Appendix 2","size":"350 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5104 Appendix 2","linkHelpText":"Area of Flood Inundation for the 1- and 0.2-Percent Annual Exceedance Probability Flows Along the Deerfield River Study Reach in Franklin County, Massachusetts"},{"id":307528,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5104/downloads/sir20155104_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"24 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2015-5104 Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"Water-Surface Elevations at Modeled Cross Sections Along the Deerfield River, Franklin County, Massachusetts"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","county":"Franklin County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.35870361328125,\n 42.72280375732727\n ],\n [\n -72.3175048828125,\n 42.6895017559477\n ],\n [\n -72.24746704101562,\n 42.67839711889057\n ],\n [\n -72.22824096679688,\n 42.65214190481525\n ],\n [\n -72.22137451171874,\n 42.622844161937174\n ],\n [\n -72.26943969726562,\n 42.60465241823049\n ],\n [\n -72.28179931640625,\n 42.589488572714245\n ],\n [\n -72.2625732421875,\n 42.56521874494336\n ],\n [\n -72.24746704101562,\n 42.527784255084676\n ],\n [\n -72.27630615234375,\n 42.50551526821832\n ],\n [\n -72.30926513671875,\n 42.533856237848504\n ],\n [\n -72.32162475585938,\n 42.47310984904908\n ],\n [\n -72.333984375,\n 42.453861188491175\n ],\n [\n -72.322998046875,\n 42.42244277484678\n ],\n [\n -72.32437133789062,\n 42.3839083919257\n ],\n [\n -72.32025146484375,\n 42.34941019930749\n ],\n [\n -72.34634399414061,\n 42.3179394544685\n ],\n [\n -72.34634399414061,\n 42.33926006673673\n ],\n [\n -72.35458374023438,\n 42.39912215986002\n ],\n [\n -72.38616943359375,\n 42.45791402988027\n ],\n [\n -72.38204956054688,\n 42.42142901536395\n ],\n [\n -72.4822998046875,\n 42.39506551565123\n ],\n [\n -72.50564575195312,\n 42.420415239489934\n ],\n [\n -72.79266357421875,\n 42.382894009614056\n ],\n [\n -72.80502319335938,\n 42.445754718858524\n ],\n [\n -72.94235229492188,\n 42.49133996306382\n ],\n [\n -72.93960571289062,\n 42.55510352893436\n ],\n [\n -73.06182861328125,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -73.10440063476562,\n 42.742978093466434\n ],\n [\n -72.35870361328125,\n 42.72280375732727\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
Or visit our Web site at
http://newengland.water.usgs.gov
The presence of mercury (Hg), particularly methylmercury (MeHg), is a concern for both human and ecological health as MeHg is a neurotoxin and can bioaccumulate to lethal levels in upper trophic level organisms. Recent research has demonstrated that coagulation with metal-based salts can effectively remove both inorganic mercury (IHg) and MeHg from solution through association with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and subsequent flocculation and precipitation. In this study, we sought to further examine interactions between Hg and DOM and the resulting organo-metallic precipitate (floc) to assess if (1) newly added IHg could be removed to the same extent as ambient IHg or whether the association between IHg and DOM requires time, and (2) once formed, if the floc has the capacity to remove additional Hg from solution. Agricultural drainage water samples containing ambient concentrations of both DOM and IHg were spiked with a traceable amount of isotopically enriched IHg and dosed with ferric sulfate after 0, 1, 5, and 30 days. Both ambient and newly added IHg were removed within hours, with 69–79 % removed. To a separate sample set, isotopically enriched IHg was added to solution after floc had formed. Under those conditions, 81–95 % of newly added Hg was removed even at Hg concentrations 1000-fold higher than ambient levels. Results of this study indicate coagulation with ferric sulfate effectively removes both ambient and newly added IHg entering a system and suggests rapid association between IHg and DOM. This work also provides new information regarding the ability of floc to remove additional Hg from solution even after it has formed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s00267-015-0601-2","usgsCitation":"Henneberry, Y.K., Kraus, T.E., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Horwath, W., 2015, Investigating the temporal effects of metal-based coagulants to remove mercury from solution in the presence of dissolved organic matter: Environmental Management, v. 57, no. 1, p. 220-228, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0601-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"228","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063553","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd45e4b03bc34f544b15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henneberry, Yumiko K.","contributorId":66157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henneberry","given":"Yumiko","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E. C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":147560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E. 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We evaluated the influence of land use change, primarily as urbanization, and stormwater control measures on the relationship between precipitation and stream discharge over an 8-year period for five catchments near Clarksburg, Montgomery County, Maryland, USA. A unit-hydrograph model based on a temporal transfer function was employed to account for and standardize temporal variation in rainfall pattern, and properly apportion rainfall to streamflow at different time lags. From these lagged relationships, we quantified a correction to the precipitation time series to achieve a hydrograph that showed good agreement between precipitation and discharge records. Positive corrections appeared to include precipitation events that were of limited areal extent and therefore not captured by our rain gages. Negative corrections were analysed for potential causal relationships. We used mixed-model statistical techniques to isolate different sources of variance as drivers that mediate the rainfall–runoff dynamic before and after management. Seasonal periodicity mediated rainfall–runoff relationships, and land uses (i.e. agriculture, natural lands, wetlands and stormwater control measures) were statistically significant predictors of precipitation apportionment to stream discharge. Our approach is one way to evaluate actual effectiveness of management efforts in the face of complicating circumstances and could be paired with cost data to understand economic efficiency or life cycle aspects of watershed management. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10505","usgsCitation":"Rhea, L., Jarnagin, T., Hogan, D.M., Loperfido, J., and Shuster, W., 2015, Effects of urbanization and stormwater control measures on streamflows in the vicinity of Clarksburg, Maryland, USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 20, p. 4413-4426, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10505.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4413","endPage":"4426","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1998-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-053400","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Montgomery County","otherGeospatial":"Clarksburg","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.32315063476562,\n 39.17771552084858\n ],\n [\n -77.32315063476562,\n 39.32101883236063\n ],\n [\n -77.16865539550781,\n 39.32101883236063\n ],\n [\n -77.16865539550781,\n 39.17771552084858\n ],\n [\n -77.32315063476562,\n 39.17771552084858\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e80f98e4b0dacf699e663a","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/hyp.10505","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10505","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Rhea Lee, Jarnagin Taylor, Hogan Dianna, Loperfido J. 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V.","email":"jloperfido@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shuster, William","contributorId":147261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shuster","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":16813,"text":"Sustainable Environments Branch, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159967,"text":"70159967 - 2015 - Predicting the resilience and recovery of aquatic systems: a framework for model evolution within environmental observatories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-04T14:47:17","indexId":"70159967","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the resilience and recovery of aquatic systems: a framework for model evolution within environmental observatories","docAbstract":"Maintaining the health of aquatic systems is an essential component of sustainable catchmentmanagement, however, degradation of water quality and aquatic habitat continues to challenge scientistsand policy-makers. To support management and restoration efforts aquatic system models are requiredthat are able to capture the often complex trajectories that these systems display in response to multiplestressors. This paper explores the abilities and limitations of current model approaches in meeting this chal-lenge, and outlines a strategy based on integration of flexible model libraries and data from observationnetworks, within a learning framework, as a means to improve the accuracy and scope of model predictions.The framework is comprised of a data assimilation component that utilizes diverse data streams from sensornetworks, and a second component whereby model structural evolution can occur once the model isassessed against theoretically relevant metrics of system function. Given the scale and transdisciplinarynature of the prediction challenge, network science initiatives are identified as a means to develop and inte-grate diverse model libraries and workflows, and to obtain consensus on diagnostic approaches to modelassessment that can guide model adaptation. We outline how such a framework can help us explore thetheory of how aquatic systems respond to change by bridging bottom-up and top-down lines of enquiry,and, in doing so, also advance the role of prediction in aquatic ecosystem management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017175","usgsCitation":"Hipsey, M., Hamilton, D., Hanson, P.C., Carey, C.C., Coletti, J.Z., Read, J.S., Ibelings, B.W., Valensini, F.J., and Brookes, J.D., 2015, Predicting the resilience and recovery of aquatic systems: a framework for model evolution within environmental observatories: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 9, p. 7023-7043, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017175.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"7023","endPage":"7043","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063945","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":471816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017175","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311939,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c758e4b06a3ea36c67c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hipsey, Matthew R.","contributorId":80968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hipsey","given":"Matthew R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, David P.","contributorId":18633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanson, Paul C.","contributorId":35634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carey, Cayelan C.","contributorId":130969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carey","given":"Cayelan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7185,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coletti, Janaine Z","contributorId":150282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coletti","given":"Janaine","email":"","middleInitial":"Z","affiliations":[{"id":17958,"text":"Aquatic Ecodynamics, School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Read, Jordan S. 0000-0002-3888-6631 jread@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3888-6631","contributorId":4453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Read","given":"Jordan","email":"jread@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":160,"text":"Center for Integrated Data Analytics","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ibelings, Bas W","contributorId":130973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ibelings","given":"Bas","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":7189,"text":"Institut F.A. Forel, Versoix, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Valensini, Fiona J","contributorId":150283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valensini","given":"Fiona","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":17959,"text":"Centre for Fish and Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brookes, Justin D","contributorId":130984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brookes","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":7196,"text":"Water Research Centre, The Environment Institute, School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70157313,"text":"70157313 - 2015 - Trimming the FAT for seafloor research in China—Constructing a tripod to monitor deep-sea sediment movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-21T14:05:49","indexId":"70157313","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3363,"text":"Sea Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trimming the FAT for seafloor research in China—Constructing a tripod to monitor deep-sea sediment movement","docAbstract":"Summarizes technical aspects of the Free Ascending Tripod for very deep water, designed by George Tate for joint US-China research lead by Jingping Xu in South China Sea.
","language":"English","publisher":"Compass Publications, Inc.","collaboration":"University of Tongji, Shanghai, China","usgsCitation":"West, A., 2015, Trimming the FAT for seafloor research in China—Constructing a tripod to monitor deep-sea sediment movement: Sea Technology, v. 56, no. 6, p. 38-40.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061412","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308317,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sea-technology.com/features/index.html","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Index Page"}],"otherGeospatial":"South China Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 117.99316406249999,\n 23.765236889758672\n ],\n [\n 121.11328124999999,\n 19.47695020648843\n ],\n [\n 117.94921874999999,\n 10.358151400943683\n ],\n [\n 112.236328125,\n 3.337953961416485\n ],\n [\n 109.072265625,\n 2.1088986592431382\n ],\n [\n 105.29296874999999,\n 7.841615185204699\n ],\n [\n 109.64355468749999,\n 11.824341483849048\n ],\n [\n 109.072265625,\n 16.04581345375218\n ],\n [\n 106.0400390625,\n 18.89589255941504\n ],\n [\n 107.22656249999999,\n 20.92039691397189\n ],\n [\n 108.45703125,\n 20.550508894195637\n ],\n [\n 108.67675781249999,\n 18.687878686034196\n ],\n [\n 110.830078125,\n 18.771115062337024\n ],\n [\n 110.9619140625,\n 20.673905264672843\n ],\n [\n 117.99316406249999,\n 23.765236889758672\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012ab7e4b03bc34f54443d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, Amy awest@usgs.gov","contributorId":147791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Amy","email":"awest@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70156700,"text":"70156700 - 2015 - Successful mitigation of viral disease based on a delayed exposure rearing strategy at a large-scale steelhead trout conservation hatchery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-23T20:23:11.38055","indexId":"70156700","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Successful mitigation of viral disease based on a delayed exposure rearing strategy at a large-scale steelhead trout conservation hatchery","docAbstract":"In 2009, the largest steelhead trout conservation hatchery in the state of Idaho, Dworshak National Fish Hatchery (NFH), lost over 50% of the juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population being reared for release. The causative agent of this high mortality was the viral pathogen infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). This was neither the first nor the worst epidemic of IHNV to occur at the hatchery, but it was the worst in over a decade. Genetic analysis of IHNV isolates taken from juveniles suffering epidemic IHN disease in 2009 revealed that the virus was of the M group of IHNV viruses, known to have high virulence for trout. The water supply for steelhead trout rearing at Dworshak NFH is untreated water taken directly from the Clearwater River. Further genetic analysis of IHNV isolates from adults spawned in 2009 indicated that adult steelhead trout in the river (in the hatchery water supply) were the most probable transmission source for the epidemic IHN disease in the juvenile fish. Previously, Dworshak NFH had been able to gain access to reservoir water from behind the Dworshak Dam for nursery egg incubation and the earliest stage of fry rearing, which nearly eliminated incidence of IHN disease in that stage of rearing. Additionally, the nearby Clearwater State Fish Hatchery (SFH), which operates entirely with reservoir water, has never had a case of IHN disease in juvenile steelhead trout. Therefore, staff at Dworshak NFH sought and obtained access to a limited supply of reservoir water for the first few months of outdoor rearing of juvenile steelhead trout, beginning in 2010. This strategy delayed the exposure of juvenile steelhead trout to river water for several months. The effects of this program change were: drastic reduction in IHN disease in juvenile steelhead trout; interruption in the transmission of highly virulent M group IHNV from adult steelhead trout; no interruption in the transmission of low virulent U group IHNV from adult Chinook salmon; and a shift of IHNV types in adult fish spawned at Dworshak NFH in subsequent years from M to U group viruses. While juvenile steelhead trout may still be infected via exposure to IHNV in river water, the disruption of virulent M group IHNV has been successful in dramatically reducing IHN disease in steelhead trout every year since 2010.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.014","usgsCitation":"Breyta, R., Samson, C., Blair, M., Black, A., and Kurath, G., 2015, Successful mitigation of viral disease based on a delayed exposure rearing strategy at a large-scale steelhead trout conservation hatchery: Aquaculture, v. 450, p. 213-224, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.014.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"224","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066419","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Clearwater River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 45.93587062119052\n ],\n [\n -114.884033203125,\n 45.93587062119052\n ],\n [\n -114.884033203125,\n 47.67278567576541\n ],\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 47.67278567576541\n ],\n [\n -117.00439453125,\n 45.93587062119052\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"450","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560ba84be4b058f706e53ac0","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.014","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.014","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Breyta Rachel, Samson Corie, Blair Marilyn, Black Allison, Kurath Gael","journalName":"Aquaculture","publicationDate":"1/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breyta, R.","contributorId":92949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breyta","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samson, Corie","contributorId":147060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samson","given":"Corie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16781,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fish Health Center, Orofino, ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blair, Marilyn","contributorId":44388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blair","given":"Marilyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Black, Allison","contributorId":147061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Black","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16782,"text":"Institute for Public Health Genetics, UW, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157110,"text":"70157110 - 2015 - Trends in pesticide concentrations and use for major rivers of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:02:17","indexId":"70157110","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in pesticide concentrations and use for major rivers of the United States","docAbstract":"Trends in pesticide concentrations in 38 major rivers of the United States were evaluated in relation to use trends for 11 commonly occurring pesticide compounds. Pesticides monitored in water were analyzed for trends in concentration in three overlapping periods, 1992–2001, 1997–2006, and 2001–2010 to facilitate comparisons among sites with variable sample distributions over time and among pesticides with changes in use during different periods and durations. Concentration trends were analyzed using the SEAWAVE-Q model, which incorporates intra-annual variability in concentration and measures of long-term, mid-term, and short-term streamflow variability. Trends in agricultural use within each of the river basins were determined using interval-censored regression with high and low estimates of use.
\nPesticides strongly dominated by agricultural use (cyanazine, alachlor, atrazine and its degradate deethylatrazine, metolachlor, and carbofuran) had widespread agreement between concentration trends and use trends. Pesticides with substantial use in both agricultural and nonagricultural applications (simazine, chlorpyrifos, malathion, diazinon, and carbaryl) had concentration trends that were mostly explained by a combination of agricultural-use trends, regulatory changes, and urban use changes inferred from concentration trends in urban streams. When there were differences, concentration trends usually were greater than use trends (increased more or decreased less). These differences may occur because of such factors as unaccounted pesticide uses, delayed transport to the river through groundwater, greater uncertainty in the use data, or unquantified land use and management practice changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.095","usgsCitation":"Ryberg, K.R., and Gilliom, R.J., 2015, Trends in pesticide concentrations and use for major rivers of the United States: Science of the Total Environment, v. 538, p. 431-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.095.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"444","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059356","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"538","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f15834e4b0dacf699eb987","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryberg, Karen R. 0000-0002-9834-2046 kryberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-2046","contributorId":1172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Karen","email":"kryberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70156879,"text":"70156879 - 2015 - Stock-specific advection of larval walleye (Sander vitreus) in western Lake Erie: Implications for larval growth, mixing, and stock discrimination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-15T12:43:17","indexId":"70156879","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stock-specific advection of larval walleye (Sander vitreus) in western Lake Erie: Implications for larval growth, mixing, and stock discrimination","docAbstract":"Physical processes can generate spatiotemporal heterogeneity in habitat quality for fish and also influence the overlap of pre-recruit individuals (e.g., larvae) with high-quality habitat through hydrodynamic advection. In turn, individuals from different stocks that are produced in different spawning locations or at different times may experience dissimilar habitat conditions, which can underlie within- and among-stock variability in larval growth and survival. While such physically-mediated variation has been shown to be important in driving intra- and inter-annual patterns in recruitment in marine ecosystems, its role in governing larval advection, growth, survival, and recruitment has received less attention in large lake ecosystems such as the Laurentian Great Lakes. Herein, we used a hydrodynamic model linked to a larval walleye (Sander vitreus) individual-based model to explore how the timing and location of larval walleye emergence from several spawning sites in western Lake Erie (Maumee, Sandusky, and Detroit rivers; Ohio reef complex) can influence advection pathways and mixing among these local spawning populations (stocks), and how spatiotemporal variation in thermal habitat can influence stock-specific larval growth. While basin-wide advection patterns were fairly similar during 2011 and 2012, smaller scale advection patterns and the degree of stock mixing varied both within and between years. Additionally, differences in larval growth were evident among stocks and among cohorts within stocks which were attributed to spatiotemporal differences in water temperature. Using these findings, we discuss the value of linked physical–biological models for understanding the recruitment process and addressing fisheries management problems in the world's Great Lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.04.008","usgsCitation":"Fraker, M.E., Anderson, E., May, C.J., Chen, K., Davis, J.J., DeVanna, K.M., DuFour, M., Marschall, E.A., Mayer, C.M., Miner, J.G., Pangle, K.L., Pritt, J., Roseman, E., Tyson, J.T., Zhao, Y., and Ludsin, S.A., 2015, Stock-specific advection of larval walleye (Sander vitreus) in western Lake Erie: Implications for larval growth, mixing, and stock discrimination: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 3, p. 830-845, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.04.008.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"830","endPage":"845","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066933","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560ba84ae4b058f706e53abc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fraker, Michael E. 0000-0002-1813-706X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1813-706X","contributorId":150962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraker","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Eric J.","contributorId":89434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Cassandra J.","contributorId":150961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"May","given":"Cassandra","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Kuan-Yu","contributorId":140818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Kuan-Yu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6714,"text":"Ohio State University, School of Earth Sciences, Columbus, Ohio, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, Jeremiah J.","contributorId":150963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Jeremiah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13587,"text":"Bowling Green State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeVanna, Kristen M.","contributorId":64991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeVanna","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DuFour, Mark R.","contributorId":36451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuFour","given":"Mark R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Marschall, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":41388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marschall","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mayer, Christine M.","contributorId":50814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miner, Jeffery G.","contributorId":150965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miner","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13587,"text":"Bowling Green State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pangle, Kevin L.","contributorId":40947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pangle","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pritt, Jeremy J. jpritt@usgs.gov","contributorId":139770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pritt","given":"Jeremy J.","email":"jpritt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. eroseman@usgs.gov","contributorId":147266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","email":"eroseman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tyson, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":104433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyson","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Zhao, Yingming","contributorId":49752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Yingming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ludsin, Stuart A","contributorId":120607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludsin","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70156240,"text":"ofr20151156 - 2015 - Water withdrawals in Florida, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-01T09:01:14","indexId":"ofr20151156","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1156","title":"Water withdrawals in Florida, 2012","docAbstract":"In 2012, the total amount of water withdrawn in Florida was estimated to be 14,237 million gallons per day (Mgal/d). Saline water accounted for 7,855 Mgal/d (55 percent), and freshwater accounted for 6,383 Mgal/d (45 percent). Groundwater accounted for 4,167 Mgal/d (65 percent) of freshwater withdrawals, and surface water accounted for the remaining 2,216 Mgal/d (35 percent). Surface water accounted for nearly all (99.9 percent) saline-water withdrawals. Freshwater withdrawals were greatest in Palm Beach County (682 Mgal/d), and saline-water withdrawals were greatest in Pasco County (1,822 Mgal/d). Fresh groundwater provided drinking water (through either public supply or private domestic wells) for 17.699 million residents (93 percent of Florida’s population), and fresh surface water provided drinking water for 1.375 million residents (7 percent). The statewide public-supply gross per capita water use for 2012 was estimated at 136 gallons per day.
\nOverall, agricultural self-supplied accounted for 39 percent of the total freshwater withdrawals (groundwater and surface water), followed by public supply (36 percent). Public supply accounted for 49 percent of groundwater withdrawals, followed by agricultural self-supplied (34 percent), commercial-industrial-mining self-supplied (7 percent), recreational-landscape irrigation and domestic self-supplied (5 percent each), and power generation (less than 1 percent). Agricultural self-supplied accounted for 50 percent of fresh surface-water withdrawals, followed by power generation (26 percent), public supply (11 percent), recreational-landscape irrigation (9 percent), and commercial-industrial-mining self-supplied (4 percent). Power generation accounted for nearly all (99.8 percent) saline-water withdrawals.
\nThe largest percentage of freshwater withdrawals was from the South Florida Water Management District (46 percent), followed by the St. Johns River Water Management District (20 percent), Southwest Florida Water Management District (19 percent), Northwest Florida Water Management District (9 percent), and Suwannee River Water Management District (6 percent). The South Florida Water Management District accounted for the largest percentage of freshwater withdrawals for public-supply use (46 percent), commercial-industrial-mining self-supplied use (24 percent), agricultural self-supplied use (59 percent), and recreational-landscape irrigation use (63 percent). The Northwest Florida Water Management District accounted for the largest percentage of freshwater withdrawals for power-generation use (44 percent), and the Southwest Florida Water Management District accounted for the largest percentage of saline-water withdrawals for power-generation use (58 percent).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151156","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Marella, R.L., 2015, Water withdrawals in Florida, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1156, 10 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151156.","productDescription":"10 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-064707","costCenters":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307712,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1156/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":307713,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1156/ofr20151156_marella-water-use-2012.pdf","text":"Report","size":"588 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1156"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12703 Research Parkway
Orlando, FL 32826
http://fl.water.usgs.gov
Southwest Asia, deemed as the region containing the countries of Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Pakistan, is water scarce and receives nearly 75% of its annual rainfall during8 the boreal cold season of November-April. The forcing of Southwest Asia precipitation has been previously examined for the entire boreal cold season from the perspective of climate variability originating over the Atlantic and tropical Indo-Pacific Oceans. Here, we examine the inter-monthly differences in precipitation variability over Southwest Asia and the atmospheric conditions directly responsible in forcing monthly November-April precipitation. Seasonally averaged November-April precipitation over Southwest Asia is significantly correlated with sea surface temperature (SST) patterns consistent with Pacific Decadal Variability (PDV), the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the warming trend of SST (Trend). On the contrary, the precipitation variability during individual months of November-April are unrelated and are correlated with SST signatures that include PDV, ENSO and Trend in different combinations. Despite strong inter-monthly differences in precipitation variability during November- April over Southwest Asia, similar atmospheric circulations, highlighted by a stationary equivalent barotropic Rossby wave centered over Iraq, force the monthly spatial distributions of precipitation. Tropospheric waves on the eastern side of the equivalent barotropic Rossby wave modifies the flux of moisture and advects the mean temperature gradient, resulting in temperature advection that is balanced by vertical motions over Southwest Asia. The forcing of monthly Southwest Asia precipitation by equivalent barotropic Rossby waves is different than the forcing by baroclinic Rossby waves associated with tropically-forced-only modes of climate variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00757.1","usgsCitation":"Hoell, A., Shukla, S., Barlow, M., Cannon, F., Kelley, C., and Funk, C.C., 2015, The forcing of monthly precipitation variability over Southwest Asia during the Boreal cold season: Journal of Climate, v. 28, no. 18, p. 7038-7056, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00757.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"7038","endPage":"7056","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066985","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00757.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308331,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012aaee4b03bc34f544439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoell, Andrew","contributorId":145803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoell","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16255,"text":"Climate Hazards Group University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, Mathew","contributorId":145834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barlow","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":16250,"text":"University of Massechusetts, Lowell","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cannon, Forest","contributorId":147642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cannon","given":"Forest","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16874,"text":"UC Santa Barbara, Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelley, Colin","contributorId":147643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelley","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159505,"text":"70159505 - 2015 - High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:55:22","indexId":"70159505","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Atmospheric mercury deposition measurements are rare in tropical latitudes. Here we report on seven years (April 2005 to April 2012, with gaps) of wet Hg deposition measurements at a tropical wet forest in the Luquillo Mountains, northeastern Puerto Rico, U.S. Despite receiving unpolluted air off the Atlantic Ocean from northeasterly trade winds, during two complete years the site averaged 27.9 μg m–2 yr–1 wet Hg deposition, or about 30% more than Florida and the Gulf Coast, the highest deposition areas within the U.S. These high Hg deposition rates are driven in part by high rainfall, which averaged 2855 mm yr–1. The volume-weighted mean Hg concentration was 9.8 ng L–1, and was highest during summer and lowest during the winter dry season. Rainout of Hg (decreasing concentration with increasing rainfall depth) was minimal. The high Hg deposition was not supported by gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) at ground level, which remained near global background concentrations (<10 pg m–3). Rather, a strong positive correlation between Hg concentrations and the maximum height of rain detected within clouds (echo tops) suggests that droplets in high convective cloud tops scavenge GOM from above the mixing layer. The high wet Hg deposition at this “clean air” site suggests that other tropical areas may be hotspots for Hg deposition as well.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Engle, M.A., Scholl, M.A., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Brunette, R., Olson, M.L., and Conroy, M.E., 2015, High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 20, p. 12474-12482, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12474","endPage":"12482","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024204","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.86990356445312,\n 18.236525215453405\n ],\n [\n -65.86990356445312,\n 18.35452552912664\n ],\n [\n -65.69892883300781,\n 18.35452552912664\n ],\n [\n -65.69892883300781,\n 18.236525215453405\n ],\n [\n -65.86990356445312,\n 18.236525215453405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c4e4b071e7ea53d4ca","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Shanley James B., Engle Mark A., Scholl Martha, Krabbenhoft David P., Brunette Robert, Olson Mark L., Conroy Mary E.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"10/20/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brunette, Robert","contributorId":149742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brunette","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17807,"text":"Frontier Geosciences, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olson, Mark L.","contributorId":149743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17808,"text":"University of Illinois, Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conroy, Mary E.","contributorId":149744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conroy","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17809,"text":"University of Vermont, Burlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70162104,"text":"70162104 - 2015 - Evaluation of the toxicity of sediments from the Anniston PCB Site to the mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T13:58:54","indexId":"70162104","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Evaluation of the toxicity of sediments from the Anniston PCB Site to the mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea","docAbstract":"The Anniston Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Site is located in the vicinity of the municipality of Anniston in Calhoun County, in the north-eastern portion of Alabama. Although there are a variety of land-use activities within the Choccolocco Creek watershed, environmental concerns in the area have focused mainly on releases of PCBs to aquatic and riparian habitats. PCBs were manufactured by Monsanto, Inc. at the Anniston facility from 1935 to 1971. The chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) in sediments at the Anniston PCB Site include: PCBs, mercury, metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs).\n\nThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of PCB-contaminated sediments to the juvenile fatmucket mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) and to characterize relationships between sediment chemistry and the toxicity of sediment samples collected from the Anniston PCB Site using laboratory sediment testing. Samples were collected in August 2010 from OU-4 of the Anniston PCB Site, as well as from selected reference locations. A total of 32 samples were initially collected from six test sites and one reference site within the watershed. A total of 23 of these 32 samples were evaluated in 28-day whole-sediment toxicity tests conducted with juvenile mussels (L. siliquoidea). Physical and chemical characterization of whole sediment included grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), nutrients, PCBs, parent and \nalkylated PAHs, organochlorine pesticides, PCDD/PCDFs, total metals, \nsimultaneously extracted metals (SEM), and acid volatile sulfide (AVS). \n\nSediment collected from Snow Creek and Choccolocco Creek contained a variety of COPCs. Organic contaminants detected in sediment included PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, PCDDs/PCDFs, and PAHs. In general, the highest concentrations of PCBs were associated with the highest concentrations of PAHs, PCDDs/PCDFs, and organochlorine pesticides. Specifically, sediments 08, 18, and 19 exceeded probable effect concentration quotients (PEC-Qs) of 1.0 for all organic classes of contaminants. These three sediment samples also had high concentrations of mercury and lead, which were the only metals found at elevated concentrations (i.e., above the probable effect concentration [PEC]) in the samples collected. Many sediment samples were \nhighly contaminated with mercury, based on comparisons to samples collected from reference locations.\n\nThe whole-sediment laboratory toxicity tests conducted with L. siliquoidea met the test acceptability criteria (e.g., control survival was greater than or equal to 80%). Survival of mussels was high in most samples, with 4 of 23 samples (17%) classified as toxic based on the survival endpoint. Biomass and weight were more sensitive endpoints for the L. siliquoidea toxicity tests, with both endpoints classifying 52% of the samples as toxic. Samples 19 and 30 were most toxic to L. siliquoidea, as they were classified as toxic according to all four endpoints (survival, biomass, weight, and length).\n\nMussels were less sensitive in toxicity tests conducted with sediments from the Anniston PCB Site than Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus. Biomass of L. siliquoidea was less sensitive compared to biomass of H. azteca or biomass of larval C. dilutus. Based on the most sensitive endpoint for each species, 52% of the samples were toxic to L. siliquoidea, whereas 67% of sediments were toxic to H. azteca (based on reproduction) and 65% were toxic to C. dilutus (based on adult biomass). The low-risk toxicity threshold (TTLR) was higher for L. siliquoidea biomass (e.g., 20,400 µg/kg dry weight [DW]) compared to that for H. azteca reproduction (e.g., 499 µg/kg DW) or C. dilutus adult biomass (e.g., 1,140 µg/kg DW; MacDonald et al. 2014). While mussels such as L. sili","language":"English","publisher":"MacDonald Environmental Sciences Ltd","collaboration":"MacDonald Environmental Science St.","usgsCitation":"Schein, A., Sinclair, J., MacDonald, D., Ingersoll, C.G., Kemble, N.E., and Kunz, J.L., 2015, Evaluation of the toxicity of sediments from the Anniston PCB Site to the mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea, 113 p. .","productDescription":"113 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-063231","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314264,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/daphne/Contaminants/index-AnnistonNRDA.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama ","otherGeospatial":"Choccolocco creek ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.253662109375,\n 33.37182502950726\n ],\n [\n -86.253662109375,\n 33.500178528242294\n ],\n [\n -85.9954833984375,\n 33.500178528242294\n ],\n [\n -85.9954833984375,\n 33.37182502950726\n ],\n [\n -86.253662109375,\n 33.37182502950726\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585268e3e4b0e2663625ec8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schein, Allison","contributorId":152229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schein","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18887,"text":"MacDonald Environmental Sciences Ltd., #24 - 4800 Island Highway North, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9T 1W6","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sinclair, Jesse A.","contributorId":66967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinclair","given":"Jesse A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Donald D.","contributorId":49911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Donald D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kemble, Nile E. 0000-0002-3608-0538 nkemble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-0538","contributorId":2626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"Nile","email":"nkemble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kunz, James L. 0000-0002-1027-158X jkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-158X","contributorId":3309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"James","email":"jkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159295,"text":"70159295 - 2015 - Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T15:31:28","indexId":"70159295","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"The sustainability of water resources is under continued threat from the challenges associated with a growing population, competing demands, and a changing climate. Freshwater scarcity has become a fact in many areas. Much of the United States surface-water supplies are fully apportioned for use; thus, in some areas the only potential alternative freshwater source that can provide needed quantities is groundwater. Although frequently overlooked, groundwater serves as the principal reserve of freshwater in the US and represents much of the potential supply during periods of drought. Some nations have requirements to monitor and characterize the availability of groundwater such as the European Union’s Water Framework Directive (EPCEU 2000). In the US there is no such national requirement. Quantitative regional groundwater availability assessments, however, are essential to document the status and trends of groundwater availability for the US and make informed water-resource decisions possible now and in the future. Barthel (2014) highlighted that the value of regional groundwater assessments goes well beyond just quantifying the resource so that it can be better managed. The tools and techniques required to evaluate these unique regional systems advance the science of hydrogeology and provide enhanced methods that can benefit local-scale groundwater investigations. In addition, a significant, yet under-utilized benefit is the digital spatial and temporal data sets routinely generated as part of these studies. Even though there is no legal or regulatory requirement for regional groundwater assessments in the US, there is a logical basis for their implementation. The purpose of this essay is to articulate the rationale for and reaffirm the value of regional groundwater assessments primarily in the US; however, the arguments hold for all nations. The importance of the data sets and the methods and model development that occur as part of these assessments is stressed. These high-value data sets and models should be available in readily accessible formats for use today and in the future. Examples of advances in and accomplishments of two regional groundwater assessments are presented to demonstrate their function, relevance, and value for determining the sustainability of the groundwater resources of the US.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5","usgsCitation":"Dennehy, K.F., Reilly, T.E., and Cunningham, W.L., 2015, Groundwater availability in the United States: the value of quantitative regional assessments: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1629-1632, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1629","endPage":"1632","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057964","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":310347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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small, steep watersheds (i.e., those having drainage areas less than 100,000 km2 and over 1000 m of relief) that collectively provide a dominant flux of sediment. The smallest of these coastal watersheds (e.g., those that have drainage areas less than 1000 km2) can represent a large portion of the drainage areas of active margin coasts, such as California’s coast, but remain almost universally unmonitored. Here we report on the suspended-sediment discharge of several small coastal watersheds (10-56 km2) of the Santa Ynez Mountains, California, that were found to have ephemeral discharge and suspended-sediment concentrations ranging between 1 and over 200,000 mgL-1. Sediment concentrations were weakly correlated with discharge (r2 = 0.10–0.25), and all types of hysteresis patterns were observed during high flows (clockwise, counterclockwise, no hysteresis, and complex). Sediment discharge varied strongly with time and was measurably elevated in one watershed following a wildfire. Although sediment yields varied by over 100-fold across the watersheds (e.g., 15 – 2100 tkm-2 yr -1during the relatively wet 2005 water year), the majority of sediment discharge (65-80%) occurred during only 1% of the time for all watersheds. Furthermore, sampling of dozens of high flow events provides evidence that sediment yields were generally related to peak discharge yields, although these relationships were not consistent across the watersheds. These results suggest that small watersheds of active margins can provide large fluxes of sediment to the coast, but that the rates and timing of this sediment discharge is more irregular in time – and thus more difficult to characterize – than the better monitored and studied watersheds that are 1000-100,000 km2.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.08.004","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., Melack, J.M., and Goodridge, B.M., 2015, Sediment yields from small, steep coastal watersheds of California: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 4, no. Part B, p. 516-534, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.08.004.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"516","endPage":"534","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052345","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.08.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318770,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Barbara Channel","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.69305419921874,\n 33.831638461142866\n ],\n [\n -120.69305419921874,\n 34.69194468425019\n ],\n [\n -118.50952148437499,\n 34.69194468425019\n ],\n [\n -118.50952148437499,\n 33.831638461142866\n ],\n [\n -120.69305419921874,\n 33.831638461142866\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"Part B","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56e2a8cce4b0f59b85d391b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":146720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":622424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melack, John M.","contributorId":167466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melack","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24713,"text":"Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodridge, Blair M.","contributorId":167467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodridge","given":"Blair","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24713,"text":"Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185704,"text":"70185704 - 2015 - On critiques of “Stationarity is dead: Whither water management?”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T10:05:45","indexId":"70185704","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On critiques of “Stationarity is dead: Whither water management?”","docAbstract":"We review and comment upon some themes in the recent stream of critical commentary on the assertion that “stationarity is dead,” attempting to clear up some misunderstandings; to note points of agreement; to elaborate on matters in dispute; and to share further relevant thoughts.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017408","usgsCitation":"Milly, P., Betancourt, J.L., Falkenmark, M., Hirsch, R.M., Kundzewicz, Z.W., Lettenmaier, D.P., Stouffer, R.J., Dettinger, M.D., and Krysanova, V., 2015, On critiques of “Stationarity is dead: Whither water management?”: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 9, p. 7785-7789, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017408.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"7785","endPage":"7789","ipdsId":"IP-068016","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017408","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58db7631e4b0ee37af29e4a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milly, Paul C.D. 0000-0003-4389-3139 cmilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3139","contributorId":2119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul C.D.","email":"cmilly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - 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Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Krysanova, Valentina","contributorId":189914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krysanova","given":"Valentina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70187759,"text":"70187759 - 2015 - The Centennial Trends Greater Horn of Africa precipitation dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T13:07:34","indexId":"70187759","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Centennial Trends Greater Horn of Africa precipitation dataset","docAbstract":"East Africa is a drought prone, food and water insecure region with a highly variable climate. This complexity makes rainfall estimation challenging, and this challenge is compounded by low rain gauge densities and inhomogeneous monitoring networks. The dearth of observations is particularly problematic over the past decade, since the number of records in globally accessible archives has fallen precipitously. This lack of data coincides with an increasing scientific and humanitarian need to place recent seasonal and multi-annual East African precipitation extremes in a deep historic context. To serve this need, scientists from the UC Santa Barbara Climate Hazards Group and Florida State University have pooled their station archives and expertise to produce a high quality gridded ‘Centennial Trends’ precipitation dataset. Additional observations have been acquired from the national meteorological agencies and augmented with data provided by other universities. Extensive quality control of the data was carried out and seasonal anomalies interpolated using kriging. This paper documents the CenTrends methodology and data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/sdata.2015.50","usgsCitation":"Funk, C., Nicholson, S.E., Landsfeld, M.F., Klotter, D., Peterson, P.J., and Harrison, L., 2015, The Centennial Trends Greater Horn of Africa precipitation dataset: Scientific Data, v. 2, Article 150050; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.50.","productDescription":"Article 150050; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-064132","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.50","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 24,\n -12\n ],\n [\n 53,\n -12\n ],\n [\n 53,\n 15\n ],\n [\n 24,\n 15\n ],\n [\n 24,\n -12\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e26bee4b0764e6c61b759","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, Sharon E.","contributorId":192112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landsfeld, Martin F.","contributorId":89806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landsfeld","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klotter, Douglas","contributorId":192113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klotter","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Pete J.","contributorId":32453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Pete","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harrison, Laura","contributorId":78859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70186566,"text":"70186566 - 2015 - Development of twelve microsatellite loci in the red tree corals Primnoa resedaeformis and Primnoa pacifica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T15:57:17","indexId":"70186566","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1325,"text":"Conservation Genetics Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of twelve microsatellite loci in the red tree corals Primnoa resedaeformis and Primnoa pacifica","docAbstract":"A suite of tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotide microsatellite loci were developed from Roche 454 pyrosequencing data for the cold-water octocorals Primnoa resedaeformis and P. pacifica. Twelve of 98 primer sets tested consistently amplified in 30 P. resedaeformis samples from Baltimore Canyon (western North Atlantic Ocean) and in 24 P. pacifica samples (Shutter Ridge, eastern Gulf of Alaska). The loci displayed moderate levels of allelic diversity (average 7.5 alleles/locus) and heterozygosity (average 47 %). Levels of genetic diversity were sufficient to produce unique multi-locus genotypes and to distinguish species. These common species are long-lived (hundreds of years) and provide essential fish habitat (P. pacifica), yet populations are provided little protection from human activities. These loci will be used to determine regional patterns of population connectivity to inform effective marine spatial planning and ecosystem-based fisheries management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12686-015-0455-1","usgsCitation":"Morrison, C.L., Springmann, M.J., Shroades, K., and Stone, R.P., 2015, Development of twelve microsatellite loci in the red tree corals Primnoa resedaeformis and Primnoa pacifica: Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 7, no. 3, p. 763-765, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-015-0455-1.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"763","endPage":"765","ipdsId":"IP-061828","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60273e4b09da6799ac685","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":146488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":689603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Springmann, Marcus J. mspringmann@usgs.gov","contributorId":4372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springmann","given":"Marcus","email":"mspringmann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":689604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shroades, Kelsey kshroades@usgs.gov","contributorId":190568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shroades","given":"Kelsey","email":"kshroades@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":689605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stone, Robert P.","contributorId":190569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186946,"text":"70186946 - 2015 - Heat flux from magmatic hydrothermal systems related to availability of fluid recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T15:51:33","indexId":"70186946","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flux from magmatic hydrothermal systems related to availability of fluid recharge","docAbstract":"Magmatic hydrothermal systems are of increasing interest as a renewable energy source. Surface heat flux indicates system resource potential, and can be inferred from soil CO2 flux measurements and fumarole gas chemistry. Here we compile and reanalyze results from previous CO2 flux surveys worldwide to compare heat flux from a variety of magma-hydrothermal areas. We infer that availability of water to recharge magmatic hydrothermal systems is correlated with heat flux. Recharge availability is in turn governed by permeability, structure, lithology, rainfall, topography, and perhaps unsurprisingly, proximity to a large supply of water such as the ocean. The relationship between recharge and heat flux interpreted by this study is consistent with recent numerical modeling that relates hydrothermal system heat output to rainfall catchment area. This result highlights the importance of recharge as a consideration when evaluating hydrothermal systems for electricity generation, and the utility of CO2 flux as a resource evaluation tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.003","usgsCitation":"Harvey, M., Rowland, J., Chiodini, G., Rissmann, C., Bloomberg, S., Hernandez, P., Mazot, A., Viveiros, F., and Werner, C.A., 2015, Heat flux from magmatic hydrothermal systems related to availability of fluid recharge: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 302, p. 225-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.003.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"236","ipdsId":"IP-066187","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"302","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f1e0cae4b08144348b7e06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, M. C.","contributorId":190955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harvey","given":"M. 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Our objectives were to evaluate the occurrence and fate of ClO4− in groundwater and soils/caliche in arid and semi-arid environments (southwestern United States, southern Africa, United Arab Emirates, China, Antarctica, and Chile) and the relationship of ClO4− to the more well-studied atmospherically deposited anions NO3−and Cl− as a means to understand the prevalent processes that affect the accumulation of these species over various time scales. ClO4− is globally distributed in soil and groundwater in arid and semi-arid regions on Earth at concentrations ranging from 10−1to 106 μg/kg. Generally, the ClO4− concentration in these regions increases with aridity index, but also depends on the duration of arid conditions. In many arid and semi-arid areas, NO3− and ClO4− co-occur at molar ratios (NO3−/ClO4−) that vary between ∼104and 105. We hypothesize that atmospheric deposition ratios are largely preserved in hyper-arid areas that support little or no biological activity (e.g. plants or bacteria), but can be altered in areas with more active biological processes including N2 fixation, N mineralization, nitrification, denitrification, and microbial ClO4− reduction, as indicated in part by NO3− isotope data. In contrast, much larger ranges of Cl−/ClO4− and Cl−/NO3−ratios indicate Cl− varies independently from both ClO4− and NO3−. The general lack of correlation between Cl− and ClO4− or NO3− implies that Cl− is not a good indicator of co-deposition and should be used with care when interpreting oxyanion cycling in arid systems. The Atacama Desert appears to be unique compared to all other terrestrial locations having a NO3−/ClO4− molar ratio ∼103. The relative enrichment in ClO4−compared to Cl− or NO3− and unique isotopic composition of Atacama ClO4− may reflect either additional in-situ production mechanism(s) or higher relative atmospheric production rates in that specific region or in the geological past. Elevated concentrations of ClO4− reported on the surface of Mars, and its enrichment with respect to Cl− and NO3−, could reveal important clues regarding the climatic, hydrologic, and potentially biologic evolution of that planet. Given the highly conserved ratio of NO3−/ClO4− in non-biologically active areas on Earth, it may be possible to use alterations of this ratio as a biomarker on Mars and for interpreting major anion cycles and processes on both Mars and Earth, particularly with respect to the less-conserved NO3− pool terrestrially.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.016","usgsCitation":"Jackson, W., Bohlke, J., Andraski, B.J., Fahlquist, L.S., Bexfield, L.M., Eckardt, F.D., Gates, J.B., Davila, A.F., McKay, C.P., Rao, B., Sevanthi, R., Rajagopalan, S., Estrada, N., Sturchio, N.C., Hatzinger, P.B., Anderson, T.A., Orris, G.J., Betancourt, J.L., Stonestrom, D.A., Latorre, C., Li, Y., and Harvey, G.J., 2015, Global patterns and environmental controls of perchlorate and nitrate co-occurrence in arid and semi-arid environments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 164, p. 502-522, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.016.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"522","ipdsId":"IP-065217","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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limitations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T15:46:00","indexId":"70192652","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimal population prediction of sandhill crane recruitment based on climate-mediated habitat limitations","docAbstract":"The Priority Basin Project (PBP) of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) program was developed in response to the Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001 and is being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB). From May 2004 to March 2012, the GAMA-PBP collected samples from more than 2,300 wells in 35 study units across the State. Selected wells in each study unit were sampled again approximately 3 years after initial sampling as part of an assessment of temporal trends in water quality by the GAMA-PBP. This triennial (every 3 years) trend sampling of GAMA-PBP study units concluded in December 2013. Fifteen of the study units, initially sampled between January 2006 and June 2010 and sampled a second time between April 2009 and April 2013 to assess temporal trends, are the subject of this report.
\nThe initial sampling was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of the quality of untreated groundwater used for public water supplies in the 15 study units. In these study units, 730 wells were selected by using a spatially distributed, randomized grid-based method to provide statistical representation of the areas assessed (grid wells, also called “status wells”). Approximately 3 years after the initial sampling, 93 of the previously sampled status wells (approximately 10 percent in each study unit) were randomly selected for trend sampling (“trend wells”). The 15 study units sampled for trends were distributed among 4 hydrogeologic provinces: Central Valley, Basin and Range, Desert, and Transverse and selected Peninsular Ranges.
\nThe total number of status wells sampled, along with those sampled again for trends, varied by study unit. In the Central Valley hydrogeologic province, the numbers of status wells and trend wells in each study unit were as follows:
\nIn the Transverse and Selected Peninsular Ranges hydrogeologic province, the numbers of wells were as follows:
\n\n
The groundwater samples were analyzed for a number of synthetic organic constituents (volatile organic compounds, pesticides, and pesticide degradates), constituents of special interest (perchlorate, N-nitrosodimethylamine [NDMA], and 1,2,3-trichloropropane [1,2,3-TCP]), and naturally occurring inorganic constituents (nutrients, major and minor ions, and trace elements). Naturally occurring isotopes (tritium, carbon-14, and stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water) also were measured to help identify processes affecting groundwater quality and the sources and ages of the sampled groundwater. More than 200 constituents and water-quality indicators were investigated.
\nQuality-control samples (blanks, replicates, or samples for matrix spikes) were collected at 34 percent of the trend wells, and the results for these samples were used to evaluate the quality of the data for the groundwater samples. On the basis of detections in laboratory and field blanks in samples from GAMA-PBP study units, including the study units presented here, some groundwater results were adjusted in this report. Differences between replicate samples were mostly within acceptable ranges, indicating acceptably low variability in analytical results. Median matrix-spike recoveries were within the acceptable range (70 to 130 percent) for 189 of the 224 compounds for which matrix spikes were analyzed (84 percent).
\nThis study did not attempt to evaluate the quality of water delivered to consumers. After withdrawal, groundwater used for drinking water typically is treated, disinfected, and blended with other waters to attain acceptable water quality. The benchmarks used in this report apply to treated water that is served to the consumer, not to untreated groundwater. To provide some context for the results, however, concentrations of constituents measured in these groundwater samples were compared with benchmarks established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and California Department of Public Health. Comparisons between data collected for this study and benchmarks for drinking-water quality are for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of compliance or non-compliance with those benchmarks.
\nMost constituents that were detected in groundwater samples from the trend wells were found at concentrations less than drinking-water benchmarks. Two volatile organic compounds (VOCs)—tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene—were detected in samples from one or more wells at concentrations greater than their health-based benchmarks, and three VOCs—chloroform, tetrachloroethene, and trichloroethene—were detected in at least 10 percent of the trend-well samples from the initial sampling period and the later trend sampling period. No pesticides were detected at concentrations near or greater than their health-based benchmarks. Three pesticide constituents—atrazine, deethylatrazine, and simazine—were detected in more than 10 percent of the trend-well samples in both sampling periods. Perchlorate, a constituent of special interest, was detected at a concentration greater than its health-based benchmark in samples from one trend well in the initial sampling and trend sampling periods, and in an additional trend well sample only in the trend sampling period. Most detections of nutrients, major and minor ions, and trace elements in samples from trend wells were less than health-based benchmarks in both sampling periods. Exceptions included nitrate, fluoride, arsenic, boron, molybdenum, strontium, and uranium; these were all detected at concentrations greater than their health-based benchmarks in at least one well sample in both sampling periods. Lead and vanadium were detected above their health-based benchmarks in one sample each collected in the initial sampling period only. The isotopic ratios of oxygen and hydrogen in water and the activities of tritium and carbon-14 generally changed little between sampling periods.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds919","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Kent, Robert, 2015, Groundwater quality data in 15 GAMA study units: Results from the 2006–10 initial sampling and the 2009–13 resampling of wells, California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 919, 219 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds919.","productDescription":"Report: x, 220 p.; Appendix tables","numberOfPages":"234","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050712","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307704,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0919/ds919.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov