{"pageNumber":"4860","pageRowStart":"121475","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184569,"records":[{"id":32579,"text":"pp1258G - 1986 - Bed topography inferred from airborne radio-echo sounding of Columbia Glacier, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:09","indexId":"pp1258G","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1258","chapter":"G","title":"Bed topography inferred from airborne radio-echo sounding of Columbia Glacier, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1258G","usgsCitation":"Brown, C.S., Rasmussen, L.A., and Meier, M.F., 1986, Bed topography inferred from airborne radio-echo sounding of Columbia Glacier, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1258, p. G1-G26, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1258G.","productDescription":"p. G1-G26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1258g/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60406,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1258g/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63df04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, C. S.","contributorId":80675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Lowell A.","contributorId":36930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Lowell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meier, M. F.","contributorId":98713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":32580,"text":"pp1323 - 1986 - Stratigraphic and volcano-tectonic relations of Crater Flat Tuff and some older volcanic units, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18420,"text":"ofr84114 - 1984 - Stratigraphic and volcano-tectonic relations of Crater Flat Tuff and some older volcanic units, Nye County, Nevada","indexId":"ofr84114","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Stratigraphic and volcano-tectonic relations of Crater Flat Tuff and some older volcanic units, Nye County, Nevada"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":32580,"text":"pp1323 - 1986 - Stratigraphic and volcano-tectonic relations of Crater Flat Tuff and some older volcanic units, Nye County, Nevada","indexId":"pp1323","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Stratigraphic and volcano-tectonic relations of Crater Flat Tuff and some older volcanic units, Nye County, Nevada"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:09","indexId":"pp1323","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1323","title":"Stratigraphic and volcano-tectonic relations of Crater Flat Tuff and some older volcanic units, Nye County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1323","usgsCitation":"Carr, W.J., Byers, F., and Orkild, P., 1986, Stratigraphic and volcano-tectonic relations of Crater Flat Tuff and some older volcanic units, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1323, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1323.","productDescription":"28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1323/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60407,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1323/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, W. J.","contributorId":9245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byers, F.M. Jr.","contributorId":78338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byers","given":"F.M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orkild, P. P.","contributorId":46494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orkild","given":"P. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":32487,"text":"pp1402E - 1986 - Geohydrology of bedrock aquifers in the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:09","indexId":"pp1402E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1402","chapter":"E","title":"Geohydrology of bedrock aquifers in the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming","docAbstract":"Rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age underlie the entire northern Great Plains of the United States. These rocks form 5 artesian aquifer systems that are recharged in the mountainous areas of Montana, South Dakota, and Wyoming and extend more than 600 miles to discharge areas in the northeastern part of North Dakota and in the Canadian Province of Manitoba. Generally, the principal direction of flow in each aquifer is deflected to the north and south around the Williston basin. Flow through the Williston basin is restricted because of geologic structure, and decreased permeability of rocks in the deeper parts of the basin. Major fracture systems or lineaments traverse the geologic section and are either vertical or horizontal conduits, or barriers to, groundwater flow. Vertical leakage from the aquifers is restricted by shale of minimal permeability, halite beds, and stratigraphic traps or minimal-permeability zones associated with petroleum accumulations. Interaquifer leakage appears to occur through and along some of the major lineaments. During the Pleistocene Epoch, thick ice sheets completely covered the discharge areas of the bedrock aquifers. This effectively blocked flow northeastward from the system and, at some locations, it may have caused a reversal of flow. The existing flow, system therefore, may not have reached hydrologic equilibrium with the stress of the last glacial period. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1402E","usgsCitation":"Downey, J.S., 1986, Geohydrology of bedrock aquifers in the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1402, p. E1-E87; 3 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1402E.","productDescription":"p. E1-E87; 3 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104622,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4833.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4833"},{"id":122607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60365,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60366,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402e/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60367,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402e/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":60368,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Downey, J. S.","contributorId":100013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":57367,"text":"wdrTX852 - 1986 - Water resources data for Texas, water year 1985, volume 2. San Jacinto River, Brazos River, San Bernard River basins, and intervening coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T18:16:57.234187","indexId":"wdrTX852","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TX-85-2","title":"Water resources data for Texas, water year 1985, volume 2. San Jacinto River, Brazos River, San Bernard River basins, and intervening coastal basins","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrTX852","usgsCitation":"Buckner, H., Carrillo, E., and Davidson, H., 1986, Water resources data for Texas, water year 1985, volume 2. San Jacinto River, Brazos River, San Bernard River basins, and intervening coastal basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report TX-85-2, x, 429 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrTX852.","productDescription":"x, 429 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":184378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/tx-85-2/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":381382,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/tx-85-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.0517578125,\n              35.003003395276714\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.0517578125,\n              34.06176136129718\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.667236328125,\n              33.797408767572485\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.84326171875,\n              33.4955977448657\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.1181640625,\n              33.073130945006625\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.118408203125,\n              32.602361666817515\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.96484375,\n              31.840232667909365\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.767333984375,\n              30.968189296794247\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.14111328125,\n              30.44867367928756\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.52587890625,\n              29.707139348134145\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.21826171874999,\n              29.219302076779456\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.95458984375,\n              28.545925723233477\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.526123046875,\n              28.70986084394286\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.00976562499999,\n              28.8831596093235\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.757080078125,\n              29.248063243796576\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.85595703125,\n              29.649868677972304\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.03173828125,\n              29.983486718474694\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.614013671875,\n              30.80791068136646\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.35009765625,\n              31.5504526754715\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.086181640625,\n              32.045332838858506\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.06396484375,\n              32.861132322810946\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.2724609375,\n              33.65120829920497\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.72265625,\n              34.243594729697406\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.458740234375,\n              34.615126683462194\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.0517578125,\n              35.003003395276714\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buckner, H.D.","contributorId":49783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckner","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carrillo, E.R.","contributorId":77924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrillo","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davidson, H.J.","contributorId":108177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31081,"text":"ofr86423 - 1986 - Petrochemistry of rocks from the Mohon Mountains volcanic field, Yavapai and Mohave counties, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"ofr86423","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-423","title":"Petrochemistry of rocks from the Mohon Mountains volcanic field, Yavapai and Mohave counties, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86423","usgsCitation":"Nealey, L., Ward, A.W., Bartel, A., Vivit, D., and Knight, R.J., 1986, Petrochemistry of rocks from the Mohon Mountains volcanic field, Yavapai and Mohave counties, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-423, i, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86423.","productDescription":"i, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0423/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59647,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0423/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6881de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nealey, L.D.","contributorId":97921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nealey","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, A. W.","contributorId":8129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartel, A.J.","contributorId":34508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartel","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vivit, D.V.","contributorId":28609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vivit","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knight, R. J.","contributorId":96255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":119,"text":"wsp2246 - 1986 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7250,"text":"ofr83208 - 1983 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","indexId":"ofr83208","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":119,"text":"wsp2246 - 1986 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","indexId":"wsp2246","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T16:50:44","indexId":"wsp2246","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2246","title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","docAbstract":"<p>Data obtained during a hydrologic study of the Price River basin, Utah, are used to describe seasonal variations off low of springs, relation between ground water and surface water, hydraulic properties of the ground-water reservoir, ground-water recharge and discharge, flood characteristics of streams, mineralogic composition and depositional rates of sediments, nutrient and inorganic loading in streams and Scofield Reservoir, and water budgets for selected basins. Additional study and monitoring are needed to detect possible hydrologic changes caused by coal mining.</p><p>Much of the ground-water discharge from the Star Point Sandstone in the Mesaverde Group in the Wasatch Plateau occurs along faults. In the Book Cliffs, where faulting is less extensive, most of the ground-water discharge is from the Flagstaff Limestone. The Flagstaff Limestone is greatly diffusive, has a small storage coefficient, and contains water which is perched.</p><p>Springs issuing from the Star Point Sandstone in the Mud Creek drainage (Wasatch Plateau) had recession indexes greater than 365 days per log cycle. Springs issuing at higher altitudes from the Colton Formation and the Flagstaff Limestone in the Soldier Creek area (Book Cliffs) have great seasonal variability, with recession indexes ranging from 24 to 115 days per log cycle. Estimated transmissivities in the Soldier Creek area ranged from 0.003 foot squared per day in the lower part of the Castlegate Sandstone to 0.07 foot squared per day in the Price River Formation.</p><p>Seepage from the Star Point Sandstone is the major contributor to base flow of the stream in Eccles Canyon (Wasatch Plateau). Gains of as much as 230 gallons per minute occurred near a fault zone which crosses Eccles Canyon at the junction with South Fork Canyon. </p><p>The potentiometric surface of water in the Blackhawk Formation in the Wasatch Plateau (Mud Creek drainage) and the Book Cliffs (Soldier Creek area) generally is above the coal zones, and dewatering will be necessary in most places during mining. The total reported mine discharge during 1980 was about 2,800 acre-feet.</p><p>During the 1980 water year, ground-water discharge from the Flagstaff Limestone contributed about 4,400 acre-feet, or 41 percent of the combined streamflow of Coal, Soldier, and Dugout Creeks. Discharge from the Blackhawk and other formations contributed about 2,200 acrefeet, or 21 percent of the streamflow. The recharge to a 4,020-acre outcrop of the Flagstaff Limestone in the Soldier Creek area was determined from measurements of the discharge of springs and seepage gains in streams. The estimated recharge was 2 inches per year, or 12 percent of the April 1 snowpack, or 9 percent of the precipitation during 1980. </p><p>Benthic-diversity indexes at streams in the Book Cliffs and Wasatch Plateau are related to the size of the bed material. The Shannon-Weiner diversity index for five sites in the Mud Creek drainage ranged from 1.57 to 4.'20 during four sampling periods in 1979-80. In the Soldier Creek drainage, the diversity index for four sampling sites ranged from 0.8 to 2.3 during three sampling periods in 1979-80.</p><p>Sediment deposition in Scofield Reservoir during 1943-79 was estimated to be 3,000 acre-feet but most of the coal deposition in the reservoir occurred prior to about 1950. An anaerobic zone develops in the reservoir during the summer, but water in the reservoir completely mixes during late summer or early fall. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K., Dodge, J., Darby, D., and Theobald, S., 1986, Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2246, Report: vi, 51 p.; Plate: 38.00 in x 33.50 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2246.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 51 p.; Plate: 38.00 in x 33.50 in.","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":136417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24721,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":24720,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Price River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, K.M.","contributorId":59009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodge, J.E.","contributorId":21133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darby, D.W.","contributorId":49333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Theobald, S.M.","contributorId":51270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":33232,"text":"b1648 - 1986 - Field and laboratory procedures used in a soil chronosequence study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T15:26:43","indexId":"b1648","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1648","title":"Field and laboratory procedures used in a soil chronosequence study","docAbstract":"<p>In 1978, the late Denis Marchand initiated a research project entitled \"Soil Correlation and Dating at the U.S. Geological Survey\" to determine the usefulness of soils in solving geologic problems. Marchand proposed to establish soil chronosequences that could be dated independently of soil development by using radiometric and other numeric dating methods. In addition, by comparing dated chronosequences in different environments, rates of soil development could be studied and compared among varying climates and mineralogical conditions. The project was fundamental in documenting the value of soils in studies of mapping, correlating, and dating late Cenozoic deposits and in studying soil genesis. All published reports by members of the project are included in the bibliography.</p><p>The project demanded that methods be adapted or developed to ensure comparability over a wide variation in soil types. Emphasis was placed on obtaining professional expertise and on establishing consistent techniques, especially for the field, laboratory, and data-compilation methods. Since 1978, twelve chronosequences have been sampled and analyzed by members of this project, and methods have been established and used consistently for analysis of the samples.</p><p>The goals of this report are to:</p><ol><li>Document the methods used for the study on soil chronosequences,<br></li><li>Present the results of tests that were run for precision, accuracy, and effectiveness, and<br></li><li>Discuss our modifications to standard procedures.</li></ol><p>Many of the methods presented herein are standard and have been reported elsewhere. However, we assume less prior analytical knowledge in our descriptions; thus, the manual should be easy to follow for the inexperienced analyst. Each chapter presents one or more references of the basic principle, an equipment and reagents list, and the detailed procedure. In some chapters this is followed by additional remarks or example calculations.</p><p>The flow diagram in figure 1 outlines the step-by-step procedures used to obtain and analyze soil samples for this study. The soils analyzed had a wide range of characteristics (such as clay content, mineralogy, salinity, and acidity). Initially, a major task was to test and select methods that could be applied and interpreted similarly for the various types of soils. Tests were conducted to establish the effectiveness and comparability of analytical techniques, and the data for such tests are included in figures, tables, and discussions. In addition, many replicate analyses of samples have established a \"standard error\" or \"coefficient of variance\" which indicates the average reproducibility of each laboratory procedure. These averaged errors are reported as percentage of a given value. For example, in particle-size determination, 3 percent error for 10 percent clay content equals 10 ± 0.3 percent clay. The error sources were examined to determine, for example, if the error in particle-size determination was dependent on clay content. No such biases were found, and data are reported as percent error in the text and in tables of reproducibility.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b1648","usgsCitation":"1986, Field and laboratory procedures used in a soil chronosequence study: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1648, iv, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1648.","productDescription":"iv, 49 p.","numberOfPages":"56","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":331352,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1648/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5ad2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Singer, Michael J.","contributorId":94720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653634,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janitzky, Peter","contributorId":7751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janitzky","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653635,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29924,"text":"wri864031 - 1986 - Estimate of livestock water use in Nebraska during 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri864031","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4031","title":"Estimate of livestock water use in Nebraska during 1980","docAbstract":"The estimated volume of 148,120 acre-ft of water used by livestock in Nebraska during 1980 is the second largest (after Texas) volume used for livestock production in the fifty Sates. Although water used by livestock is a small percentage of the total water used in Nebraska, this use has a major impact on the farm economy of the State, as livestock sales accounted for 59% of the total farm market cash receipts in 1980. About 16%, or 23 ,590 acre-ft, of this use is estimated to be from surface water sources, with the remaining 124,530 acre-ft pumped from the State 's groundwater supply. The estimated livestock water use in Nebraska 's 93 counties during 1980 ranged from 340 acre-ft in Hooker County to 6,770 acre-ft in Cherry County. Livestock water use by Hydrologic Units ranged from 20 acre-ft in the Hat Creek basin 10120106) to 10,370 acre-ft in the Elkhorn River basin, and the Natural Resources Districts ' use ranged from 1 ,880 acre-ft in the South Platte NRD to 17,830 acre-ft in the Lower Elkhorn NRD. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864031","usgsCitation":"Steele, E., 1986, Estimate of livestock water use in Nebraska during 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4031, iii, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864031.","productDescription":"iii, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4031/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58743,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4031/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdd41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steele, E.K.","contributorId":15666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"E.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39657,"text":"pp1385 - 1986 - A model for the plastic flow of landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"pp1385","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1385","title":"A model for the plastic flow of landslides","docAbstract":"To further the understanding of the mechanics of landslide flow, we present a model that predicts many of the observed attributes of landslides. The model is based on an integration of the hyperbolic differential equations for stress and velocity fields in a two-dimensional, inclined, semi-infinite half-space of Coulomb plastic material under elevated pore pressure and gravity. \r\n\r\nOur landslide model predicts commonly observed features. For example, compressive (passive), plug, or extending (active) flow will occur under appropriate longitudinal strain rates. Also, the model predicts that longitudinal stresses increase elliptically with depth to the basal slide plane, and that stress and velocity characteristics, surfaces along which discontinuities in stress and velocity are propagated, are coincident. Finally, the model shows how thrust and normal faults develop at the landslide surface in compressive and extending flow.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1385","usgsCitation":"Savage, W.Z., and Smith, W.K., 1986, A model for the plastic flow of landslides: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1385, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1385.","productDescription":"32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1385/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67377,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1385/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, William Z.","contributorId":107686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, William K.","contributorId":23544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":33563,"text":"b1660 - 1986 - Platinum-group elements in magnetic concentrates from the Goodnews Bay District, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:30","indexId":"b1660","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1660","title":"Platinum-group elements in magnetic concentrates from the Goodnews Bay District, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/b1660","usgsCitation":"Rosenblum, S., Carlson, R.R., Nishi, J.M., and Overstreet, W., 1986, Platinum-group elements in magnetic concentrates from the Goodnews Bay District, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1660, iv, 38 p. ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1660.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p. ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1660/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61451,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1660/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684f8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenblum, Sam","contributorId":60620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenblum","given":"Sam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, R. R.","contributorId":75918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishi, J. M.","contributorId":89886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishi","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Overstreet, W.C.","contributorId":105294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":33793,"text":"b1577 - 1986 - Geology and mineralogy of the Apex germanium-gallium mine, Washington County, Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12678,"text":"ofr85511 - 1985 - Geology and mineralogy of the Apex mine, Washington County, Utah","indexId":"ofr85511","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and mineralogy of the Apex mine, Washington County, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33793,"text":"b1577 - 1986 - Geology and mineralogy of the Apex germanium-gallium mine, Washington County, Utah","indexId":"b1577","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and mineralogy of the Apex germanium-gallium mine, Washington County, Utah"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:36","indexId":"b1577","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1577","title":"Geology and mineralogy of the Apex germanium-gallium mine, Washington County, Utah","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by the Distribution Branch, Text Products Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1577","usgsCitation":"Bernstein, L.R., 1986, Geology and mineralogy of the Apex germanium-gallium mine, Washington County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1577, iii, 9 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1577.","productDescription":"iii, 9 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":166562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1577/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61692,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1577/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4738","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernstein, Lawrence R.","contributorId":12484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernstein","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":35678,"text":"b1651 - 1986 - Basement-rock correlations across the White Wolf-Breckenridge-southern Kern Canyon fault zone, southern Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:28","indexId":"b1651","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1651","title":"Basement-rock correlations across the White Wolf-Breckenridge-southern Kern Canyon fault zone, southern Sierra Nevada, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/b1651","usgsCitation":"Ross, D., 1986, Basement-rock correlations across the White Wolf-Breckenridge-southern Kern Canyon fault zone, southern Sierra Nevada, California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1651, iii, 25 p. maps (one col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1651.","productDescription":"iii, 25 p. maps (one col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":97011,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1651/report.pdf","size":"3119","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":163804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1651/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":63582,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1651/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648793","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Donald Clarence","contributorId":49768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald Clarence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":35923,"text":"b1619 - 1986 - Coal geology and coal, oil, and gas resources of the Erie and Frederick quadrangles, Boulder and Weld counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"b1619","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1619","title":"Coal geology and coal, oil, and gas resources of the Erie and Frederick quadrangles, Boulder and Weld counties, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/b1619","usgsCitation":"Spencer, F.D., 1986, Coal geology and coal, oil, and gas resources of the Erie and Frederick quadrangles, Boulder and Weld counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1619, v, 50 p. :maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1619.","productDescription":"v, 50 p. :maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109768,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_21815.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"21815"},{"id":97112,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/report.pdf","size":"6216","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97113,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/plate-1.pdf","size":"9926","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97114,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/plate-3.pdf","size":"2821","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97115,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/plate-4.pdf","size":"9915","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97116,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/plate-5.pdf","size":"3216","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97117,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/plate-6.pdf","size":"7258","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97118,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/plate-7.pdf","size":"5876","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":63872,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1619/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cde4b07f02db5d932f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, Frank Darwyn","contributorId":22330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"Darwyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38473,"text":"pp1396C - 1986 - Magnitude and frequency of debris flows, and areas of hazard on Mount Shasta, Northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"pp1396C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1396","chapter":"C","title":"Magnitude and frequency of debris flows, and areas of hazard on Mount Shasta, Northern California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1396C","usgsCitation":"Osterkamp, W.R., Hupp, C., and Blodgett, J.C., 1986, Magnitude and frequency of debris flows, and areas of hazard on Mount Shasta, Northern California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1396, p. C1-C21; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1396C.","productDescription":"p. C1-C21; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110591,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74204.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"74204"},{"id":119330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1396c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65054,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1396c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65055,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1396c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649510","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osterkamp, W. R.","contributorId":46044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hupp, C.R. 0000-0003-1853-9197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":78775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blodgett, J. C.","contributorId":32154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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,{"id":1712,"text":"wsp2269 - 1986 - Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9201,"text":"ofr84468 - 1984 - Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","indexId":"ofr84468","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1712,"text":"wsp2269 - 1986 - Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","indexId":"wsp2269","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T18:32:36.31144","indexId":"wsp2269","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2269","title":"Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","docAbstract":"Twenty-seven measurements of traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in 10 Illinois streams made from 1975 to 1982 provide data needed for estimating traveltime of peak concentration of a conservative solute, traveltime of the leading edge of a solute cloud, peak concentration resulting from injection of a given quantity of solute, and passage time of solute past a given point on a stream. These four variables can be estimated graphically for each stream from distance of travel and either discharge at the downstream end of the reach or flow-duration frequency. From equations developed from field measurements, the traveltime and dispersion characteristics also can be estimated for other unregulated streams in Illinois that have drainage areas less than about 1,500 square miles. For unmeasured streams, traveltime of peak concentration and of the leading edge of the cloud are related to discharge at the downstream end of the reach and to distance of travel. For both measured and unmeasured streams, peak concentration and passage time are best estimated from the relation of each to traveltime. In measured streams, dispersion efficiency is greater than that predicted by Fickian diffusion theory. The rate of decrease in peak concentration with traveltime is about equal to the rate of increase in passage time. Average velocity in a stream reach, given by the velocity of the center of solute mass in that reach, can be estimated from an equation developed from measured values. The equation relates average reach velocity to discharge at the downstream end of the reach. Average reach velocities computed for 9 of the 10 streams from available equations that are based on hydraulic-geometry relations are high relative to measured values. The estimating equation developed from measured velocities provides estimates of average reach velocity that are closer to measured velocities than are those computed using equations developed from hydraulic-geometry relations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2269","usgsCitation":"Graf, J.B., 1986, Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2269, vi, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2269.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406991,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25457.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":26788,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2269/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2269/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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