{"pageNumber":"487","pageRowStart":"12150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46658,"records":[{"id":70185777,"text":"70185777 - 2015 - On-line hydrogen-isotope measurements of organic samples using elemental chromium: An extension for high temperature elemental-analyzer techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T09:45:24","indexId":"70185777","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On-line hydrogen-isotope measurements of organic samples using elemental chromium: An extension for high temperature elemental-analyzer techniques","docAbstract":"<p><span>The high temperature conversion (HTC) technique using an elemental analyzer with a glassy carbon tube and filling (temperature conversion/elemental analysis, TC/EA) is a widely used method for hydrogen isotopic analysis of water and many solid and liquid organic samples with analysis by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). However, the TC/EA IRMS method may produce inaccurate δ</span><sup>2</sup><span>H results, with values deviating by more than 20 mUr (milliurey = 0.001 = 1‰) from the true value for some materials. We show that a single-oven, chromium-filled elemental analyzer coupled to an IRMS substantially improves the measurement quality and reliability for hydrogen isotopic compositions of organic substances (Cr-EA method). Hot chromium maximizes the yield of molecular hydrogen in a helium carrier gas by irreversibly and quantitatively scavenging all reactive elements except hydrogen. In contrast, under TC/EA conditions, heteroelements like nitrogen or chlorine (and other halogens) can form hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or hydrogen chloride (HCl) and this can cause isotopic fractionation. The Cr-EA technique thus expands the analytical possibilities for on-line hydrogen-isotope measurements of organic samples significantly. This method yielded reproducibility values (1-sigma) for δ</span><sup>2</sup><span>H measurements on water and caffeine samples of better than 1.0 and 0.5 mUr, respectively. To overcome handling problems with water as the principal calibration anchor for hydrogen isotopic measurements, we have employed an effective and simple strategy using reference waters or other liquids sealed in silver-tube segments. These crimped silver tubes can be employed in both the Cr-EA and TC/EA techniques. They simplify considerably the normalization of hydrogen-isotope measurement data to the VSMOW-SLAP (Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water-Standard Light Antarctic Precipitation) scale, and their use improves accuracy of the data by eliminating evaporative loss and associated isotopic fractionation while handling water as a bulk sample. The calibration of organic samples, commonly having high δ</span><sup>2</sup><span>H values, will benefit from the availability of suitably </span><sup>2</sup><span>H-enriched reference waters, extending the VSMOW-SLAP scale above zero.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00085","usgsCitation":"Gehre, M., Renpenning, J., Gilevska, T., Qi, H., Coplen, T.B., Meijer, H.A., Brand, W.A., and Schimmelmann, A., 2015, On-line hydrogen-isotope measurements of organic samples using elemental chromium: An extension for high temperature elemental-analyzer techniques: Analytical Chemistry, v. 87, no. 10, p. 5198-5205, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00085.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"5198","endPage":"5205","ipdsId":"IP-063767","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/dd96a5e9-9828-4660-a829-e3c35aba7496","text":"External Repository"},{"id":338527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc7d6e4b02ff32c685679","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gehre, Matthias","contributorId":34004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gehre","given":"Matthias","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Renpenning, Julian","contributorId":189953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renpenning","given":"Julian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilevska, Tetyana","contributorId":189992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilevska","given":"Tetyana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meijer, Harro A.J.","contributorId":187804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meijer","given":"Harro","email":"","middleInitial":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brand, Willi A.","contributorId":33091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brand","given":"Willi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13365,"text":"Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":686721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schimmelmann, Arndt","contributorId":140051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"Arndt","affiliations":[{"id":13366,"text":"Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":686722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70177819,"text":"70177819 - 2015 - Survival and recovery rates of mottled ducks banded in Texas and Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T15:18:01","indexId":"70177819","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and recovery rates of mottled ducks banded in Texas and Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p>The Western Gulf Coast population of the mottled duck (Anas fulvigula) is dependent on the Gulf coastal marsh to complete its entire life cycle. Band recovery data can be used to monitor mottled duck populations by estimating annual survival, indexing harvest rate, and assessing movements. Band returns from hunting seasons 1997–2013 were used to evaluate factors influencing annual survival, recovery rates, and movements of mottled ducks in Texas and Louisiana. For banding years of 1997–2013, 58,349 normal, wild mottled ducks were banded and released in Texas and Louisiana. Since 2002, 86% of mottled duck bandings have occurred on the Chenier Plain of Texas and Louisiana. Hunters shot, recovered, and reported 7,061birds with bands during this period. Direct recovery rates were greater for juveniles than adults but changed little since the 1970s. Estimates of annual survival did not differ between Texas and Louisiana, but did among years and between sex and age classes. Adult male and juvenile female mottled ducks had the greatest and lowest annual survival rates, respectively. Recovery of birds banded on the Chenier Plain was four times greater for birds banded in Texas and harvested in Louisiana than banded in Louisiana and harvested in Texas. Much of the current inference of results from banding mottled ducks is limited to the Chenier Plain. To monitor the entire Western Gulf Coast population of mottled ducks, managers can consider expanding operational banding operations with annual quotas, which would improve survival and recovery estimates and allow for inference beyond the Chenier Plain region. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Haukos, D.A., 2015, Survival and recovery rates of mottled ducks banded in Texas and Louisiana: Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 2, p. 214-220.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"220","ipdsId":"IP-057820","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, 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,{"id":70174571,"text":"70174571 - 2015 - Characterization of stormwater runoff from bridges in North Carolina and the effects of bridge runoff on receiving streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T15:08:12","indexId":"70174571","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterization of stormwater runoff from bridges in North Carolina and the effects of bridge runoff on receiving streams","docAbstract":"<p>The presentation will provide an overview of a collaborative study between USGS, NC Department of Transportation and URS Corporation to characterize stormwater runoff from bridges in North Carolina and the effects of bridge runoff on receiving streams. This investigation measured bridge deck runoff from 15 bridges for 12-15 storms, stream water-quality data for baseflow and storm conditions at four of the bridge deck sites and streambed sediment chemistry upstream and downstream of 30 bridges across North Carolina. Background on why the study was conducted, objectives and scope and a general summary of the major results and conclusions will be presented.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Ecology & Transportation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"language":"English","collaboration":"NC Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Wagner, C., Fitzgerald, S., and Lauffer, M., 2015, Characterization of stormwater runoff from bridges in North Carolina and the effects of bridge runoff on receiving streams, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Ecology & Transportation, Abstract for Paper Presentation at the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation.","productDescription":"Abstract for Paper Presentation at the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063710","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdaee4b0f1bea0e0f819","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Chad cwagner@usgs.gov","contributorId":172871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Chad","email":"cwagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Sharon 0000-0002-6288-867X safitzge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-867X","contributorId":139701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Sharon","email":"safitzge@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lauffer, Matthew","contributorId":172872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lauffer","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27106,"text":"NC Deptartment of Transportation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70182726,"text":"70182726 - 2015 - Climate change and vulnerability of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in a fire-prone landscape.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T14:24:45","indexId":"70182726","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change and vulnerability of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in a fire-prone landscape.","docAbstract":"<div class=\"box-pad border-lightgray margin-bottom\"><div><div class=\"abstractSection\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p class=\"first last\">Linked atmospheric and wildfire changes will complicate future management of native coldwater fishes in fire-prone landscapes, and new approaches to management that incorporate uncertainty are needed to address this challenge. We used a Bayesian network (BN) approach to evaluate population vulnerability of bull trout (<i>Salvelinus confluentus</i>) in the Wenatchee River basin, Washington, USA, under current and future climate and fire scenarios. The BN was based on modeled estimates of wildfire, water temperature, and physical habitat prior to, and following, simulated fires throughout the basin. We found that bull trout population vulnerability depended on the extent to which climate effects can be at least partially offset by managing factors such as habitat connectivity and fire size. Moreover, our analysis showed that local management can significantly reduce the vulnerability of bull trout to climate change given appropriate management actions. Tools such as our BN that explicitly integrate the linked nature of climate and wildfire, and incorporate uncertainty in both input data and vulnerability estimates, will be vital in effective future management to conserve native coldwater fishes.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2014-0098","usgsCitation":"Falke, J.A., Flitcroft, R.L., Dunham, J., McNyset, K.M., Hessburg, P.F., and Reeves, G.H., 2015, Climate change and vulnerability of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in a fire-prone landscape.: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 72, no. 2, p. 304-318, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0098.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"304","endPage":"318","ipdsId":"IP-054484","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b548c3e4b01ccd54fddfce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Falke, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-6670-8250 jfalke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-8250","contributorId":5195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jfalke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flitcroft, Rebecca L. 0000-0003-3341-996X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-996X","contributorId":172180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flitcroft","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. jdunham@usgs.gov","contributorId":147527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":673500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNyset, Kristina M.","contributorId":184075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNyset","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hessburg, Paul F.","contributorId":46481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hessburg","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reeves, Gordon H.","contributorId":101521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeves","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":527,"text":"Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":673503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70174155,"text":"70174155 - 2015 - Day-roost tree selection by northern long-eared bats - What do non-roost tree comparisons and one year of data really tell us?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T16:02:10","indexId":"70174155","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Day-roost tree selection by northern long-eared bats - What do non-roost tree comparisons and one year of data really tell us?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Bat day-roost selection often is described through comparisons of day-roosts with randomly selected, and assumed unused, trees. Relatively few studies, however, look at patterns of multi-year selection or compare day-roosts used across years. We explored day-roost selection using 2 years of roost selection data for female northern long-eared bats (</span><i>Myotis septentrionalis</i><span>) on the Fort Knox Military Reservation, Kentucky, USA. We compared characteristics of randomly selected non-roost trees and day-roosts using a multinomial logistic model and day-roost species selection using chi-squared tests. We found that factors differentiating day-roosts from non-roosts and day-roosts between years varied. Day-roosts differed from non-roosts in the first year of data in all measured factors, but only in size and decay stage in the second year. Between years, day-roosts differed in size and canopy position, but not decay stage. Day-roost species selection was non-random and did not differ between years. Although bats used multiple trees, our results suggest that there were additional unused trees that were suitable as roosts at any time. Day-roost selection pattern descriptions will be inadequate if based only on a single year of data, and inferences of roost selection based only on comparisons of roost to non-roosts should be limited.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2015.03.008","usgsCitation":"Silvis, A., Ford, W., and Britzke, E.R., 2015, Day-roost tree selection by northern long-eared bats - What do non-roost tree comparisons and one year of data really tell us?: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 3, p. 756-763, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.03.008.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"756","endPage":"763","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040382","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.03.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Fort Knox Military Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.00749969482422,\n              37.86455455760559\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.00749969482422,\n              37.98993962366689\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.81558227539062,\n              37.98993962366689\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.81558227539062,\n              37.86455455760559\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.00749969482422,\n              37.86455455760559\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb0e4b0f1bea0e0f82c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silvis, Alexander","contributorId":171585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silvis","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26923,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":641002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Britzke, Eric R.","contributorId":8327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britzke","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185272,"text":"70185272 - 2015 - Synthesis of current knowledge on post-fire seeding for soil stabilization and invasive species control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T15:50:54","indexId":"70185272","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Synthesis of current knowledge on post-fire seeding for soil stabilization and invasive species control","docAbstract":"The General Accounting Office has identified a need for better information on the effectiveness of post-fire emergency stabilization and rehabilitation methods used by the U.S. Forest Service and Department of Interior (DOI) agencies. Since reviews were published on treatment effectiveness in the early 2000s, treatment choices have changed and increased monitoring has been done. Greater use of native species has added substantially to burned area emergency response (BAER) treatment costs, for example, but quantitative data on this treatment were scarce in earlier reviews. We synthesized current information on the effectiveness of post-fire seeding for both soil stabilization and for prevention of the spread of invasive species in rangelands. We reviewed published literature (peer-reviewed and “gray”) and agency monitoring reports, as well as compiled and analyzed quantitative data in agency files. Products of this review include a web-accessible database of monitoring reports and published information, a scientific journal paper summarizing findings of scientific studies, an annotated bibliography of peer-reviewed papers, a summary report published as a General Technical Report that will be available online (in progress), and presentations to scientific meetings and BAER/ESR team training sessions and workshops. By combining results from studies done by Forest Service and DOI agency personnel with research studies published since the initial reviews, we presented a comprehensive synthesis of seeding effectiveness knowledge that complements the review of other hillslope treatments published by other researchers. This information will help federal land managers make more cost-effective decisions on post-fire stabilization and rehabilitation treatments.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70185272","usgsCitation":"Beyers, J.L., Pyke, D.A., and Wirth, T., 2015, Synthesis of current knowledge on post-fire seeding for soil stabilization and invasive species control, 15 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/70185272.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-070623","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338944,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.firescience.gov/projects/08-2-1-13/project/08-2-1-13_final_report.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58df6ac6e4b02ff32c6aea57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyers, Jan L.","contributorId":189490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beyers","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirth, Troy twirth@usgs.gov","contributorId":3060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Troy","email":"twirth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70177818,"text":"70177818 - 2015 - Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T15:18:45","indexId":"70177818","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although eastern elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) were extirpated from the eastern United States in the 19th century, they were successfully reintroduced in the North Carolina portion of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in the early 2000s. The North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) is evaluating the prospect of reintroducing the species in other locations in the state to augment recreational opportunities. As a first step in the process, we created a state-wide elk habitat suitability map. We used medium-scale data sets and a two-component approach to iden- tify areas of high biological value for elk and exclude from consideration areas where elk-human conflicts were more likely. Habitats in the state were categorized as 66% unsuitable, 16.7% low, 17% medium, and &lt;1% high suitability for elk. The coastal plain and Piedmont contained the most suitable habitat, but prospective reintroduction sites were largely excluded from consideration due to extensive agricultural activities and pervasiveness of secondary roads. We ranked 31 areas (≥ 500 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) based on their suitability for reintroduction. The central region of the state contained the top five ranked areas. The Blue Ridge Mountains, where the extant population of elk occurs, was ranked 21st. Our work provides a benchmark for decision makers to evaluate potential consequences and trade-offs associated with the selection of prospective elk reintroduction sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Williams, S.G., Cobb, D.T., and Collazo, J., 2015, Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina: Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 2, p. 181-186.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"186","ipdsId":"IP-057284","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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,{"id":70174890,"text":"70174890 - 2015 - Contrasting fish assemblages in free-flowing and impounded tributaries to the Upper Delaware River: Implications for conserving biodiversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T16:26:44","indexId":"70174890","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Contrasting fish assemblages in free-flowing and impounded tributaries to the Upper Delaware River: Implications for conserving biodiversity","docAbstract":"<p>The Neversink River and the Beaver Kill in southeastern New York are major tributaries to the Delaware River, the longest undammed river east of the Mississippi. While the Beaver Kill is free flowing for its entire length, the Neversink River is subdivided by the Neversink Reservoir, which likely affects the diversity of local fish assemblages and health of aquatic ecosystems. The reservoir is an important part of the New York City waster-supply system that provides drinking water to more than 9 million people. Fish population and community data from recent quantitative surveys at comparable sites in both basins were assessed to characterize the differences between free-flowing and impounded rivers and the extent of reservoir effects to improve our capacity to define ecosystems responses that two modified flow-release programs (implemented in 2007 and 2011) should produce in the Neversink River. In general, the continuum of changes in fish assemblages which normally occur between headwaters and mouth was relatively uninterrupted in the Beaver Kill, but disrupted by the mid-basin impoundment in the Neversink River. Fish assemblages were also adversely affected at several acidified sites in the upper Neversink River, but not at most sites assessed herein. The reservoir clearly excluded diadromous species from the upper sub-basin, but it also substantially reduced community richness, diversity, and biomass at several mid-basin sites immediately downstream from the impoundment. There results will aid future attempts to determine if fish assemblages respond to more natural, yet highly regulated, flow regimes in the Neversink River. More important, knowledge gained from this study can help optimize use of valuable water resources while promoting species of special concern, such as American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and conserving biodiversity in Catskill Mountain streams.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Environmental Research","language":"English","publisher":"Nova Science Publishers, Inc.","collaboration":"The Nature Conservancy; Pike County PA; USGS","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B.P., Delucia, M., Keller, W.D., Schuler, G.E., Apse, C.D., and Moberg, T., 2015, Contrasting fish assemblages in free-flowing and impounded tributaries to the Upper Delaware River: Implications for conserving biodiversity, chap. <i>of</i> Advances in Environmental Research, v. 45, p. 43-70.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044340","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325458,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/index.php"}],"volume":"45","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315bce4b006cb45558a48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delucia, Mari-Beth","contributorId":173018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delucia","given":"Mari-Beth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keller, Walter D.","contributorId":14813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuler, George E.","contributorId":37005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuler","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Apse, Colin D.","contributorId":54680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Apse","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moberg, Tara","contributorId":173019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moberg","given":"Tara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70177814,"text":"70177814 - 2015 - Estimating sturgeon abundance in the Carolinas using side-scan sonar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-21T16:26:31","indexId":"70177814","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating sturgeon abundance in the Carolinas using side-scan sonar","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sturgeons (Acipenseridae) are one of the most threatened taxa worldwide, including species in North Carolina and South Carolina. Populations of Atlantic Sturgeon </span><i>Acipenser oxyrinchus</i><span> in the Carolinas have been significantly reduced from historical levels by a combination of intense fishing and habitat loss. There is a need for estimates of current abundance, to describe status, and for estimates of historical abundance in order to provide realistic recovery goals. In this study we used </span><i>N</i><span>-mixture and distance models with data acquired from side-scan sonar surveys to estimate abundance of sturgeon in six major sturgeon rivers in North Carolina and South Carolina. Estimated abundances of sturgeon greater than 1&nbsp;m TL in the Carolina distinct population segment (DPS) were 2,031 using the count model and 1,912 via the distance model. The Pee Dee River had the highest overall abundance of any river at 1,944 (count model) or 1,823 (distance model). These estimates do not account for sturgeon less than 1&nbsp;m TL or occurring in riverine reaches not surveyed or in marine waters. Comparing the two models, the </span><i>N</i><span>-mixture model produced similar estimates using less data than the distance model with only a slight reduction of estimated precision.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19425120.2014.982334","usgsCitation":"Flowers, H.J., and Hightower, J.E., 2015, Estimating sturgeon abundance in the Carolinas using side-scan sonar: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2014.982334.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-055971","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2014.982334","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5810c700e4b0f497e79734bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flowers, H. Jared","contributorId":140974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flowers","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jared","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70176445,"text":"70176445 - 2015 - Evaluation of stream flow effects on smolt survival in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, 2012-2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T12:47:53","indexId":"70176445","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Evaluation of stream flow effects on smolt survival in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, 2012-2014","docAbstract":"The influence of stream flow on survival of emigrating juvenile (smolts) Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. and steelhead trout O. mykiss is of key management interest. However, few studies have quantified flow effects on smolt migration survival, and available information does not indicate a consistent flow-survival relationship within the typical range of flows under\r\nmanagement control. It is hypothesized that smolt migration and dam passage survival are positively correlated with stream flow because higher flows increase migration rates, potentially reducing exposure to predation, and reduce delays in reservoirs. However, available empirical data are somewhat equivocal concerning the influence of flow on smolt survival and the underlying mechanisms driving this relationship. Stream flow effects on survival of emigrating anadromous salmonids in the Yakima Basin have concerned water users and fisheries managers for over 20 years, and previous studies do not provide sufficient information at the resolution\r\nnecessary to inform water operations, which typically occur on a small spatiotemporal scale. Using a series of controlled flow releases from 2012-2014, combined with radio telemetry, we quantified the relationship between flow and smolt survival from Roza Dam 208 km downstream\r\nto the Yakima River mouth, as well as for specific routes of passage at Roza Dam. A novel multistate mark-recapture model accounted for weekly variation in flow conditions experienced by radio-tagged fish.\r\n\r\nGroups of fish were captured and radio-tagged at Roza Dam and released at two locations, upstream at the Big Pines Campground (river kilometer [rkm] 211) and downstream in the Roza Dam tailrace (rkm 208). A total of 904 hatchery-origin yearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha were captured in the Roza Dam fish bypass, radio-tagged and released upstream of Roza Dam.\r\nTwo hundred thirty seven fish were released in the tailrace of Roza Dam. Fish released in the tailrace of Roza Dam were tagged concurrently with fish released upstream of the dam using identical tagging methods. Tagging and release events were conducted to target a range of flow conditions indicative of flows observed during the typical migration period (March-May) for\r\njuvenile spring Chinook salmon in the Yakima River. Three, five and four separate upstream releases were conducted in 2012, 2013, and 2014 respectively, and at least 43 fish were released alive on each occasion. The release sample sizes in 2014 were much larger (~130) compared to previous years for the purpose of increasing precision of survival estimates across the range of flows tested.\r\n\r\nMigration movements of radio-tagged spring Chinook salmon smolts were monitored with an array of telemetry receiver stations (fixed sites) that extended 208 rkm downstream from the forebay of Roza Dam to the mouth of the Yakima River. Fixed monitoring sites included the forebay of Roza Dam (rkm 208), the tailrace of Roza Dam (rkm 207.9), the mouth of Wenas Creek (rkm 199.2), the mouth of the Naches River (two sites, rkm 189.4), Sunnyside Dam (two sites, rkm 169.1), Prosser Dam (rkm 77.2), and the mouth of the Yakima River (two sites, rkm2 3). This array segregated the study area into four discrete reaches in which survival of tagged fish was estimated. Aerial and underwater antennas were also used to monitor tagged fish at Roza Dam. Aerial antennas were located in the forebay, on the East gate, on the West gate, and in the tailrace of Roza Dam. Underwater antennas were located in the fish bypass, upstream of the East gate, and upstream of the West gate to collect route-specific passage data for tagged fish.\r\n\r\nAdditional years of data collection and analysis could alter or improve our understanding of the influence of flow and other environmental factors on smolt survival in the Yakima River. Nevertheless, during 2012-2014, yearling hatchery Chinook salmon smolt emigration survival was significantly associated with stream flow in the","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation ","collaboration":"Cramer Fish Sciences","usgsCitation":"Courter, I., Garrison, T., Kock, T.J., and Perry, R.W., 2015, Evaluation of stream flow effects on smolt survival in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, 2012-2014, 67 p. .","productDescription":"67 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"67","ipdsId":"IP-066202","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328633,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fishsciences.net/reports/2015/FinalRozaTechReport9-23-15.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b548c3e4b01ccd54fddfd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Courter, Ian","contributorId":173188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Courter","given":"Ian","affiliations":[{"id":27180,"text":"Mount Hood Environmental","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garrison, Tommy","contributorId":174619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrison","given":"Tommy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27482,"text":"Cramer Fish Sciences, 600 NW Fariss Rd., Gresham, OR  97030","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230 tkock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":3038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","email":"tkock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156600,"text":"ofr20131280R - 2015 - Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156600,"text":"ofr20131280R - 2015 - Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89)","indexId":"ofr20131280R","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"R","title":"Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République  Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République  Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République  Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République  Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T17:13:50.80233","indexId":"ofr20131280R","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1280","chapter":"R","title":"Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89)","docAbstract":"<p>Previous PRISM reports discuss a variety of industrial minerals. Gypsum, phosphate, salt, stone, sulfur, and ilmenite command the majority of the attention in the earlier geologic reports. (Ilmenite is evaluated in a separate U.S. Geological Survey report in the current study). Asbestos, arsenic, barite, fluorite, and kaolin are listed in indices (occurrence datasets) as potential mineral resources (Marsh and Anderson, 2015), but previous reports do not elaborate on their development potential. Beryl, described herein with the discussions of pegmatites, is also listed in indices of potential mineral resources, but has not been described in terms of its industrial mineral potential. Short discussions on the potential for cement (carbonate rocks), glass sand, peat, and sillimanite resources are included in this report.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République  Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) (Open File Report 2013-1280)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131280R","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2015, Reported industrial minerals occurrences and permissive areas for other occurrences in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, (phase V, deliverable 89): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1280, viii, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131280R.","productDescription":"viii, 22 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052720","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131280R.PNG"},{"id":319100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1280/Final_Reports_English/deliverable_89-Industrial_Minerals-chapter_R.pdf","text":"Chapter R","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Mauritania","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-12.17075,14.61683],[-12.83066,15.30369],[-13.43574,16.03938],[-14.09952,16.3043],[-14.57735,16.59826],[-15.13574,16.58728],[-15.62367,16.36934],[-16.12069,16.45566],[-16.4631,16.13504],[-16.54971,16.67389],[-16.27055,17.16696],[-16.14635,18.10848],[-16.25688,19.09672],[-16.37765,19.59382],[-16.27784,20.09252],[-16.53632,20.56787],[-17.06342,20.99975],[-16.84519,21.33332],[-12.9291,21.32707],[-13.11875,22.77122],[-12.87422,23.28483],[-11.93722,23.37459],[-11.96942,25.93335],[-8.68729,25.88106],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-6.45379,24.95659],[-5.97113,20.64083],[-5.48852,16.3251],[-5.31528,16.20185],[-5.53774,15.50169],[-9.55024,15.4865],[-9.70026,15.26411],[-10.08685,15.33049],[-10.65079,15.13275],[-11.3491,15.41126],[-11.66608,15.38821],[-11.83421,14.7991],[-12.17075,14.61683]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mauritania\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f11b6ce4b0f59b85ddc4f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":622192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70135981,"text":"70135981 - 2015 - Preliminary analysis of suspended sediment rating curves for the Kalamazoo River and its tributaries from Marshall to Kalamazoo, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-13T14:26:31.658809","indexId":"70135981","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Preliminary analysis of suspended sediment rating curves for the Kalamazoo River and its tributaries from Marshall to Kalamazoo, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) rating curves for the Kalamazoo River and its tributaries from Marshall to Kalamazoo, Michigan, U.S.A., were developed based on measured data. The slopes of the atsite SSC rating curves were of two general types: either increasing or decreasing with increasing discharges. By examining the basin characteristics and flow patterns, streams with negative SSC rating curve slopes were associated with groundwater-dominated streams and those with positive slope terms were associated with surface-water dominated streams. A panel regression with fixed-effects analysis was applied to the pooled atsite data according to various grouping criteria. The results from the subgroups which considered groundwater and surface-water dominance, seasonality, and dam effects showed better fit than the at-site SSC rating curves did. It was assumed that the rating curve slopes for sites in each subgroup were the same but their intercepts varied from site to site. The groundwater and surface-water dominance division was used as the basis for estimating SSC at ungaged sites. The study was conducted as a component of hydrodynamic modeling under the Enbridge Line 6B pipeline oil-spill recovery activities.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"10th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference, 5th Federal Interagnecy Hydrologic Modeling Conference","conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Soong, D.T., Hoard, C.J., Fitzpatrick, F., and Zelt, R.B., 2015, Preliminary analysis of suspended sediment rating curves for the Kalamazoo River and its tributaries from Marshall to Kalamazoo, Michigan, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2015, Reno, NV, April 19-23, 2015, p. 1246-1257.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1246","endPage":"1257","ipdsId":"IP-061462","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/past/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":351831,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeec0de4b0da30c1bfc6bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soong, David T. dsoong@usgs.gov","contributorId":2230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soong","given":"David","email":"dsoong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoard, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2337-506X cjhoard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-506X","contributorId":191767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoard","given":"Christopher","email":"cjhoard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. 0000-0002-9748-7075 fafitzpa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":127794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith A.","email":"fafitzpa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zelt, Ronald B. 0000-0001-9024-855X rbzelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-855X","contributorId":300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"Ronald","email":"rbzelt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70138857,"text":"70138857 - 2015 - Determining origin in a migratory marine vertebrate: a novel method to integrate stable isotopes and satellite tracking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-09T10:43:19","indexId":"70138857","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining origin in a migratory marine vertebrate: a novel method to integrate stable isotopes and satellite tracking","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stable isotope analysis is a useful tool to track animal movements in both terrestrial and marine environments. These intrinsic markers are assimilated through the diet and may exhibit spatial gradients as a result of biogeochemical processes at the base of the food web. In the marine environment, maps to predict the spatial distribution of stable isotopes are limited, and thus determining geographic origin has been reliant upon integrating satellite telemetry and stable isotope data. Migratory sea turtles regularly move between foraging and reproductive areas. Whereas most nesting populations can be easily accessed and regularly monitored, little is known about the demographic trends in foraging populations. The purpose of the present study was to examine migration patterns of loggerhead nesting aggregations in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), where sea turtles have been historically understudied. Two methods of geographic assignment using stable isotope values in known-origin samples from satellite telemetry were compared: 1) a nominal approach through discriminant analysis and 2) a novel continuous-surface approach using bivariate carbon and nitrogen isoscapes (isotopic landscapes) developed for this study. Tissue samples for stable isotope analysis were obtained from 60 satellite-tracked individuals at five nesting beaches within the GoM. Both methodological approaches for assignment resulted in high accuracy of foraging area determination, though each has advantages and disadvantages. The nominal approach is more appropriate when defined boundaries are necessary, but up to 42% of the individuals could not be considered in this approach. All individuals can be included in the continuous-surface approach, and individual results can be aggregated to identify geographic hotspots of foraging area use, though the accuracy rate was lower than nominal assignment. The methodological validation provides a foundation for future sea turtle studies in the region to inexpensively determine geographic origin for large numbers of untracked individuals. Regular monitoring of sea turtle nesting aggregations with stable isotope sampling can be used to fill critical data gaps regarding habitat use and migration patterns. Probabilistic assignment to origin with isoscapes has not been previously used in the marine environment, but the methods presented here could also be applied to other migratory marine species.</span><span><br /></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-0581.1","usgsCitation":"Vander Zanden, H.B., Tucker, A.D., Hart, K.M., Lamont, M.M., Fujisaki, I., Addison, D.S., Mansfield, K.L., Phillips, K.F., Wunder, M., Bowen, G.J., Pajuelo, M., Bolten, A.B., and Bjorndal, K.A., 2015, Determining origin in a migratory marine vertebrate: a novel method to integrate stable isotopes and satellite tracking: Ecological Applications, v. 25, no. 2, p. 320-335, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0581.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"320","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055283","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/6846","text":"External Repository"},{"id":297487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.94433593749999,\n              16.04581345375218\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.94433593749999,\n              30.78903675126116\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.72900390625,\n              30.78903675126116\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.72900390625,\n              16.04581345375218\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.94433593749999,\n              16.04581345375218\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a67e4b08de9379b303d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vander Zanden, Hannah B.","contributorId":138885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vander Zanden","given":"Hannah","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12562,"text":"Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah; Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Anton D.","contributorId":79232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tucker","given":"Anton","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamont, Margaret M. 0000-0001-7520-6669 mlamont@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":4525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","email":"mlamont@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":31108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Addison, David S.","contributorId":138886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Addison","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12563,"text":"Conservancy of Southwest Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mansfield, Katherine L.","contributorId":138887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mansfield","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12564,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Central Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Phillips, Katrina F.","contributorId":138888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Katrina","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12565,"text":"Rosenstiel School of Atomospheric Science, University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wunder, Michael B.","contributorId":80599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wunder","given":"Michael B.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bowen, Gabriel J.","contributorId":138889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"Gabriel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12566,"text":"Department of Geology and Geophysics, Unviersity of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pajuelo, Mariela","contributorId":138890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pajuelo","given":"Mariela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12567,"text":"Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, Department of Biology, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bolten, Alan B.","contributorId":20247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolten","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12567,"text":"Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, Department of Biology, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Bjorndal, Karen A.","contributorId":96997,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjorndal","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12567,"text":"Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, Department of Biology, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70140618,"text":"70140618 - 2015 - Impacts of fire management on aboveground tree carbon stocks in Yosemite and Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-04T15:23:44","indexId":"70140618","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Impacts of fire management on aboveground tree carbon stocks in Yosemite and Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks","docAbstract":"<p>Forest biomass on Sierra Nevada landscapes constitutes one of the largest carbon stocks in California, and its stability is tightly linked to the factors driving fire regimes. Research suggests that fire suppression, logging, climate change, and present management practices in Sierra Nevada forests have altered historic patterns of landscape carbon storage, and over a century of fire suppression and the resulting accumulation in surface fuels have been implicated in contributing to recent increases in high severity, stand-replacing fires. For over 30 years, fire management at Yosemite (YOSE) and Sequoia &amp; Kings Canyon (SEKI) national parks has led the nation in restoring fire to park landscapes; however, the impacts on the stability and magnitude of carbon stocks have not been thoroughly examined.</p>\n<p>The purpose of this study is to quantify relationships between recent fire patterns and aboveground tree carbon stocks in YOSE and SEKI. Our approach focuses on evaluating fire effects on 1) amounts of aboveground tree carbon on the landscape, and 2) rates of carbon accumulation by individual trees. In 2010, we compiled a database of existing plot data for our analyses. In 2011, our field crews acquired vegetation data and collected tree growth cores from 105 plots. In 2012, we completed an interpretive component and began data analyses. In 2013, processing of tree cores began. In 2014, final processing of tree cores, data analyses, and manuscript preparation was conducted. The work for this project was facilitated through an interagency agreement between the National Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey, and through a Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit (CESU) agreement with the University of Washington.</p>\n<p>In order to accurately quantify landscape-level carbon stocks, our analyses accounted for major sources of measurement errors, propagating those errors as we scaled plot-based carbon density estimates up to landscape-level totals. Using Monte Carlo simulation methods, we found that vegetation type mapping error was the largest source of uncertainty, while measurement uncertainties contributed by tree diameter measurements and tree diameter&ndash;biomass allometry equations were relatively minor.</p>\n<p>For some forest types, we found differences in aboveground tree carbon densities between burned and unburned areas. For example, mean carbon density in burned red fir forests was estimated to be ~29% lower versus unburned areas. Alternative measures of fire history, such as time since fire and number of times burned, were poorly related to carbon densities.</p>\n<p>Within YOSE, we evaluated the stability of landscape carbon pools by quantifying carbon stocks in areas of varying degrees of departure from historic fire return intervals. Of the ~25 Tg of total aboveground tree carbon in YOSE, ~10 Tg is contained within relatively stable areas (the next fire is unlikely to be high severity and stand-replacing), ~10 Tg occurs in areas deemed moderately stable, and the remaining ~5 Tg within relatively unstable areas.</p>\n<p>We compared our landscape carbon estimates in YOSE to remotely-sensed carbon estimates from the NASA&ndash;CASA project and found that the two methods roughly agree. Our analysis and comparisons suggest, however, that fire severity should be integrated into future carbon mapping efforts. We illustrate this with an example using the 2013 Rim Fire, which we estimate burned an area containing over 5 Tg of aboveground tree carbon, but likely left a large fraction of that carbon on the landscape if one accounts for fire severity.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resource Report NPS/SIEN/NRR—2015/910","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Matchett, J.R., Lutz, J.A., Tarnay, L.W., Smith, D.G., Becker, K.M., and Brooks, M.L., 2015, Impacts of fire management on aboveground tree carbon stocks in Yosemite and Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks, Report: ix, 29 p.; Appendixes A-C.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 29 p.; Appendixes A-C","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053961","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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dgsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"dgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Becker, Kendall M.L.","contributorId":139180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becker","given":"Kendall","email":"","middleInitial":"M.L.","affiliations":[{"id":12682,"text":"Utah State University, Logan, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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,{"id":70142503,"text":"70142503 - 2015 - Estimating switchgrass productivity in the Great Plains using satellite vegetation index and site environmental variables","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T10:08:49","indexId":"70142503","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating switchgrass productivity in the Great Plains using satellite vegetation index and site environmental variables","docAbstract":"<p><span>Switchgrass is being evaluated as a potential feedstock source for cellulosic biofuels and is being cultivated in several regions of the United States. The recent availability of switchgrass land cover maps derived from the National Agricultural Statistics Service cropland data layer for the conterminous United States provides an opportunity to assess the environmental conditions of switchgrass over large areas and across different geographic locations. The main goal of this study is to develop a data-driven multiple regression switchgrass productivity model and identify the optimal climate and environment conditions for the highly productive switchgrass in the Great Plains (GP). Environmental and climate variables used in the study include elevation, soil organic carbon, available water capacity, climate, and seasonal weather. Satellite-derived growing season averaged Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GSN) was used as a proxy for switchgrass productivity. Multiple regression analyses indicate that there are strong correlations between site environmental variables and switchgrass productivity (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.95). Sufficient precipitation and suitable temperature during the growing season (i.e., not too hot or too cold) are favorable for switchgrass growth. Elevation and soil characteristics (e.g., soil available water capacity) are also an important factor impacting switchgrass productivity. An anticipated switchgrass biomass productivity map for the entire GP based on site environmental and climate conditions and switchgrass productivity model was generated. Highly productive switchgrass areas are mainly located in the eastern part of the GP. Results from this study can help land managers and biofuel plant investors better understand the general environmental and climate conditions influencing switchgrass growth and make optimal land use decisions regarding switchgrass development in the GP.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.09.013","usgsCitation":"Gu, Y., Wylie, B.K., and Howard, D., 2015, Estimating switchgrass productivity in the Great Plains using satellite vegetation index and site environmental variables: Ecological Indicators, v. 48, p. 472-476, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.09.013.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"472","endPage":"476","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046430","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.3564453125,\n              25.918526162075153\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.3564453125,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.9560546875,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.9560546875,\n              25.918526162075153\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.3564453125,\n              25.918526162075153\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"48","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54faddb9e4b02419550db6d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gu, Yingxin 0000-0002-3544-1856 ygu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3544-1856","contributorId":409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gu","given":"Yingxin","email":"ygu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, Daniel M. 0000-0002-7563-7538 dhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7563-7538","contributorId":4431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Daniel M.","email":"dhoward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70144298,"text":"70144298 - 2015 - Migrations and swimming capabilities of endangered pallid sturgeon (<i>Scaphirhynchus albus</i>) to guide passage designs in the fragmented Yellowstone River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-27T10:21:57","indexId":"70144298","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migrations and swimming capabilities of endangered pallid sturgeon (<i>Scaphirhynchus albus</i>) to guide passage designs in the fragmented Yellowstone River","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fragmentation of the Yellowstone River is hypothesized to preclude recruitment of endangered&nbsp;</span><i>Scaphirhynchus albus</i><span>&nbsp;(pallid sturgeon) by impeding upstream spawning migrations and access to upstream spawning areas, thereby limiting the length of free-flowing river required for survival of early life stages. Building on this hypothesis, the reach of the Yellowstone River affected by Intake Diversion Dam (IDD) is targeted for modification. Structures including a rock ramp and by-pass channel have been proposed as restoration alternatives to facilitate passage. Limited information on migrations and swimming capabilities of pallid sturgeon is available to guide engineering design specifications for the proposed structures. Migration behavior, pathways (channel routes used during migrations), and swimming capabilities of free-ranging wild adult pallid sturgeon were examined using radiotelemetry, and complemented with hydraulic data obtained along the migration pathways. Migrations of 12&ndash;26% of the telemetered pallid sturgeon population persisted to IDD, but upstream passage over the dam was not detected. Observed migration pathways occurred primarily through main channel habitats; however, migrations through side channels up to 3.9 km in length were documented. The majority of pallid sturgeon used depths of 2.2&ndash;3.4 m and mean water velocities of 0.89&ndash;1.83 m/s while migrating. Results provide inferences on depths, velocities, and habitat heterogeneity of reaches successfully negotiated by pallid sturgeon that may be used to guide designs for structures facilitating passage at IDD. Passage will provide connectivity to potential upstream spawning areas on the Yellowstone River, thereby increasing the likelihood of recruitment for this endangered species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12161","usgsCitation":"Braaten, P., Elliott, C.M., Rhoten, J.C., Fuller, D.B., and McElroy, B.J., 2015, Migrations and swimming capabilities of endangered pallid sturgeon (<i>Scaphirhynchus albus</i>) to guide passage designs in the fragmented Yellowstone River: Restoration Ecology, v. 23, no. 2, p. 186-195, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12161.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"186","endPage":"195","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053264","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.56375122070312,\n              47.26432008025478\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.56375122070312,\n              47.302282968719936\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.48684692382812,\n              47.302282968719936\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.48684692382812,\n              47.26432008025478\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.56375122070312,\n              47.26432008025478\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55167f33e4b0323842781b07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braaten, P. 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B.","contributorId":58196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McElroy, Brandon J.","contributorId":58197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McElroy","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70144686,"text":"70144686 - 2015 - Suburban groundwater quality as influenced by turfgrass and septic sources, Delmarva Peninsula, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-31T12:03:00","indexId":"70144686","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suburban groundwater quality as influenced by turfgrass and septic sources, Delmarva Peninsula, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Suburban land use is expanding in many parts of the United States and there is a need to better understand the potential water-quality impacts of this change. This study characterized groundwater quality in a sandy, water-table aquifer influenced by suburban development and compared the results to known patterns in water chemistry associated with natural, background conditions and agricultural effects. Samples for nutrients, major ions, and isotopes of N and O in NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>&minus;</sup><span>&nbsp;were collected in 2011 beneath turfgrass from 29 shallow wells (median depth 3.7 m) and from 18 deeper wells (median depth 16.9 m) in a long-term suburban development. Nitrate (as N) concentrations in groundwater beneath turfgrass were highly variable (0.02&ndash;22.3 mg L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>) with a median of 2.7 mg L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>, which is higher than natural water chemistry (&gt;0.4 mg L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>; Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>&ndash;Cl</span><sup>&minus;</sup><span>&ndash;HCO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>&minus;</sup><span>&nbsp;water type), but significantly lower than concentrations beneath a nearby agricultural area (median 16.9 mg L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>;&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; .0001). Dissolved Fe concentrations in shallow suburban groundwater, attributed to chelated Fe in turfgrass fertilizers, were significantly higher (</span><i>p</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; .005) than concentrations from the agricultural site, although a Ca</span><sup>2+</sup><span>&ndash;Mg</span><sup>2+</sup><span>&ndash;Cl</span><sup>&minus;</sup><span>&ndash;NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>&minus;</sup><span>&nbsp;water type was dominant in both areas. A Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>&ndash;Cl</span><sup>&minus;</sup><span>&ndash;NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>&minus;</sup><span>&nbsp;water type indicated a septic-system source for nitrate in deep suburban groundwater (0.06&ndash;6.0 mg L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>; median 1.5 mg L</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>). Isotopic data indicated denitrification; however, geochemical techniques were more helpful in identifying nitrate sources. Results indicate that suburban expansion into agricultural areas may significantly decrease overall nitrate concentrations in groundwater, but excessive turfgrass fertilization could result in localized contamination.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2134/jeq2014.06.0280","usgsCitation":"Kasper, J.W., Denver, J.M., and York, J.K., 2015, Suburban groundwater quality as influenced by turfgrass and septic sources, Delmarva Peninsula, USA: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 44, no. 2, p. 642-654, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.06.0280.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"642","endPage":"654","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040557","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.06.0280","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.17995834350585,\n              38.634438731500104\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.17995834350585,\n              38.64838299329524\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.14820098876953,\n              38.64838299329524\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.14820098876953,\n              38.634438731500104\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.17995834350585,\n              38.634438731500104\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.2479362487793,\n              38.64369051578083\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2479362487793,\n              38.66044795293739\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.19094467163086,\n              38.66044795293739\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.19094467163086,\n              38.64369051578083\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2479362487793,\n              38.64369051578083\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bc52ee4b0323842783a55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kasper, Joshua W.","contributorId":83802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasper","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denver, Judith M. jmdenver@usgs.gov","contributorId":140022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"Judith","email":"jmdenver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"York, Joanna K.","contributorId":140023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"York","given":"Joanna","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70146301,"text":"70146301 - 2015 - Completion of the 2011 National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States – Representing a decade of land cover change information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-10T17:39:44.675385","indexId":"70146301","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Completion of the 2011 National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States – Representing a decade of land cover change information","docAbstract":"<p><span>The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) provides nationwide data on land cover and land cover change at the native 30-m spatial resolution of the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM). The database is designed to provide five-year cyclical updating of United States land cover and associated changes. The recent release of NLCD 2011 products now represents a decade of consistently produced land cover and impervious surface for the Nation across three periods: 2001, 2006, and 2011 (Homer et al., 2007; Fry et al., 2011). Tree canopy cover has also been produced for 2011 (Coluston et al., 2012; Coluston et al., 2013). With the release of NLCD 2011, the database provides the ability to move beyond simple change detection to monitoring and trend assessments. NLCD 2011 represents the latest evolution of NLCD products, continuing its focus on consistency, production, efficiency, and product accuracy. NLCD products are designed for widespread application in biology, climate, education, land management, hydrology, environmental planning, risk and disease analysis, telecommunications and visualization, and are available for no cost at http://www.mrlc.gov. NLCD is produced by a Federal agency consortium called the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium (MRLC) (Wickham et al., 2014). In the consortium arrangement, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) leads NLCD land cover and imperviousness production for the bulk of the Nation; the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) completes NLCD land cover for the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) coastal zones; and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) designs and produces the NLCD tree canopy cover product. Other MRLC partners collaborate through resource or data contribution to ensure NLCD products meet their respective program needs (Wickham et al., 2014).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","doi":"10.1016/S0099-1112(15)30100-2","usgsCitation":"Homer, C.G., Dewitz, J., Yang, L., Jin, S., Danielson, P., Xian, G.Z., Coulston, J., Herold, N., Wickham, J., and Megown, K., 2015, Completion of the 2011 National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States – Representing a decade of land cover change information: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 81, p. 345-354, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-1112(15)30100-2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"354","ipdsId":"IP-061589","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) 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,{"id":70146540,"text":"70146540 - 2015 - Understanding the signature of rock coatings in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-17T14:53:16","indexId":"70146540","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the signature of rock coatings in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Surface compositional features on rocks such as coatings and weathering rinds provide important information about past aqueous environments and water&ndash;rock interactions. The search for these features represents an important aspect of the Curiosity rover mission. With its unique ability to do fine-scale chemical depth profiling, the ChemCam laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instrument (LIBS) onboard Curiosity can be used to both identify and analyze rock surface alteration features. In this study we analyze a terrestrial manganese-rich rock varnish coating on a basalt rock in the laboratory with the ChemCam engineering model to determine the LIBS signature of a natural rock coating. Results show that there is a systematic decrease in peak heights for elements such as Mn that are abundant in the coating but not the rock. There is significant spatial variation in the relative abundance of coating elements detected by LIBS depending on where on the rock surface sampled; this is due to the variability in thickness and spatial discontinuities in the coating. Similar trends have been identified in some martian rock targets in ChemCam data, suggesting that these rocks may have coatings or weathering rinds on their surfaces.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2014.05.038","usgsCitation":"Lanza, N.L., Ollila, A.M., Cousin, A., Wiens, R.C., Clegg, S.M., Mangold, N., Bridges, N., Cooper, D., Schmidt, M.E., Berger, J., Arvidson, R.E., Melikechi, N., Newsom, H.E., Tokar, R., Hardgrove, C., Mezzacappa, A., Jackson, R.S., Clark, B., Forni, O., Maurice, S., Nachon, M., Anderson, R.B., Blank, J., Deans, M., Delapp, D., Léveillé, R., McInroy, R., Martinez, R., Meslin, P., and Pinet, P., 2015, Understanding the signature of rock coatings in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data: Icarus, v. 249, p. 62-73, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2014.05.038.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"73","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052703","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"249","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55322eefe4b0b22a15806408","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanza, Nina L.","contributorId":140299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanza","given":"Nina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13447,"text":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ollila, Ann 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,{"id":70147431,"text":"70147431 - 2015 - Evidence for intercontinental parasite exchange through molecular detection and characterization of haematozoa in northern pintails (<i>Anas acuta</i>) sampled throughout the North Pacific Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-01T11:28:08","indexId":"70147431","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2025,"text":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for intercontinental parasite exchange through molecular detection and characterization of haematozoa in northern pintails (<i>Anas acuta</i>) sampled throughout the North Pacific Basin","docAbstract":"<p>Empirical evidence supports wild birds as playing a role in the interhemispheric exchange of bacteria and viruses; however, data supporting the redistribution of parasites among continents are limited. In this study, the hypothesis that migratory birds contribute to the redistribution of parasites between continents was tested by sampling northern pintails (Anas acuta) at locations throughout the North Pacific Basin in North America and East Asia for haemosporidian infections and assessing the genetic evidence for parasite exchange. Of 878 samples collected from birds in Alaska (USA), California (USA), and Hokkaido (Japan) during August 2011 - May 2012 and screened for parasitic infections using molecular techniques, Leucocytozoon, Haemoproteus, and Plasmodium parasites were detected in 555 (63%), 44 (5%), and 52 (6%) samples, respectively. Using an occupancy modeling approach, the probability of detecting parasites via replicate genetic tests was estimated to be high (p &ge; 0.95). Multi-model inference supported variation of Leucocytozoon parasite prevalence by northern pintail age class and geographic location of sampling in contrast to Haemoproteus and Plasmodium parasites for which there was only support for variation in parasite prevalence by sampling location. Thirty-one unique mitochondrial DNA haplotypes were detected among haematozoa infecting northern pintails including seven lineages shared between samples from North America and Japan. The finding of identical parasite haplotypes at widely distributed geographic locations and general lack of genetic structuring by continent in phylogenies for Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium provides evidence for intercontinental genetic exchange of haemosporidian parasites. Results suggest that migratory birds, including waterfowl, could therefore facilitate the introduction of avian malaria and other haemosporidia to novel hosts and spatially distant regions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.004","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Schmutz, J.A., Reed, J.A., Fujita, G., Scotton, B.D., Casler, B., Fleskes, J.P., Konishi, K., Uchida, K., and Yabsley, M.J., 2015, Evidence for intercontinental parasite exchange through molecular detection and characterization of haematozoa in northern pintails (<i>Anas acuta</i>) sampled throughout the North Pacific Basin: International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, v. 4, no. 1, p. 11-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.004.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059565","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5544a3ace4b0a658d79478bb","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.004","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.004","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Ramey Andrew M., Schmutz Joel A., Reed John A., Fujita Go, Scotton Bradley D., Casler Bruce, Fleskes Joseph P., Konishi Kan, Uchida Kiyoshi, Yabsley Michael J.","journalName":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife","publicationDate":"4/2015","auditedOn":"2/8/2015","publiclyAccessibleDate":"12/18/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, John A. 0000-0002-3239-6906 jareed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-6906","contributorId":127683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"John","email":"jareed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fujita, Go","contributorId":139714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujita","given":"Go","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7267,"text":"University of Tokyo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scotton, Bradley D.","contributorId":89427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scotton","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. 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Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Casler, Bruce","contributorId":138967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casler","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12598,"text":"Izembek National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Konishi, Kan","contributorId":139715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konishi","given":"Kan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Uchida, Kiyoshi","contributorId":140519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uchida","given":"Kiyoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yabsley, Michael J.","contributorId":76985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yabsley","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13266,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70148029,"text":"70148029 - 2015 - Chronology and ecology of late Pleistocene megafauna in the northern Willamette Valley, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-24T16:24:08","indexId":"70148029","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology and ecology of late Pleistocene megafauna in the northern Willamette Valley, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since the mid-19th century, western Oregon's Willamette Valley has been a source of remains from a wide variety of extinct megafauna. Few of these have been previously described or dated, but new chronologic and isotopic analyses in conjunction with updated evaluations of stratigraphic context provide substantial new information on the species present, timing of losses, and paleoenvironmental conditions. Using subfossil material from the northern valley, we use AMS radiocarbon dating, stable isotope (&delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C and &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N) analyses, and taxonomic dietary specialization and habitat preferences to reconstruct environments and to develop a local chronology of events that we then compare with continental and regional archaeological and paleoenvironmental data. Analysis of twelve bone specimens demonstrates the presence of bison, mammoth, horse, sloth, and mastodon from ~&nbsp;15,000&ndash;13,000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP. The latest ages coincide with changing regional climate corresponding to the onset of the Younger Dryas. It is suggested that cooling conditions led to increased forest cover, and, along with river aggradation, reduced the area of preferred habitat for the larger bodied herbivores, which contributed to the demise of local megafauna. Archaeological evidence for megafauna&ndash;human interactions in the Pacific Northwest is scarce, limiting our ability to address the human role in causing extinction.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2014.09.003","usgsCitation":"Gilmour, D.M., Butler, V.L., O'Connor, J., Davis, E.B., Culleton, B.J., Kennett, D.J., and Hodgins, G.W., 2015, Chronology and ecology of late Pleistocene megafauna in the northern Willamette Valley, Oregon: Quaternary Research, v. 83, no. 1, p. 127-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.09.003.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053865","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 10N","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.81616210937499,\n              45.89383147810292\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.90679931640624,\n              45.79242458189578\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1951904296875,\n              45.60058738537025\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.01666259765624,\n              45.42737117898911\n            ],\n            [\n              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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Connor, James E. oconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":138998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"James E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Edward Byrd","contributorId":140763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"Byrd","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Culleton, Brendan J.","contributorId":140770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culleton","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kennett, Douglas J.","contributorId":106024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennett","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hodgins, Gregory W. L.","contributorId":67787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgins","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70148052,"text":"70148052 - 2015 - Characterizing toxicity of metal-contaminated sediments from mining areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:35:04","indexId":"70148052","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing toxicity of metal-contaminated sediments from mining areas","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper reviews methods for testing the toxicity of metals associated with freshwater sediments, linking toxic effects with metal exposure and bioavailability, and developing sediment quality guidelines. The most broadly applicable approach for characterizing metal toxicity is whole-sediment toxicity testing, which attempts to simulate natural exposure conditions in the laboratory. Standard methods for whole-sediment testing can be adapted to test a wide variety of taxa. Chronic sediment tests that characterize effects on multiple endpoints (e.g., survival, growth, and reproduction) can be highly sensitive indicators of adverse effects on resident invertebrate taxa. Methods for testing of aqueous phases (pore water, overlying water, or elutriates) are used less frequently. Analysis of sediment toxicity data focuses on statistical comparisons between responses in sediments from the study area and responses in one or more uncontaminated reference sediments. For large or complex study areas, a greater number of reference sediments is recommended to reliably define the normal range of responses in uncontaminated sediments &ndash; the &lsquo;reference envelope&rsquo;. Data on metal concentrations and effects on test organisms across a gradient of contamination may allow development of concentration-response models, which estimate metal concentrations associated with specified levels of toxic effects (e.g. 20% effect concentration or EC20). Comparisons of toxic effects in laboratory tests with measures of impacts on resident benthic invertebrate communities can help document causal relationships between metal contamination and biological effects. Total or total-recoverable metal concentrations in sediments are the most common measure of metal contamination in sediments, but metal concentrations in labile sediment fractions (e.g., determined as part of selective sediment extraction protocols) may better represent metal bioavailability. Metals released by the weak-acid extraction of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS), termed simultaneously-extracted metals (SEM), are widely used to estimate the &lsquo;potentially-bioavailable&rsquo; fraction of metals that is not bound to sulfides (i.e., SEM-AVS). Metal concentrations in pore water are widely considered to be direct measures of metal bioavailability, and predictions of toxicity based on pore-water metal concentrations may be further improved by modeling interactions of metals with other pore-water constituents using Biotic Ligand Models. Data from sediment toxicity tests and metal analyses has provided the basis for development of sediment quality guidelines, which estimate thresholds for toxicity of metals in sediments. Empirical guidelines such as Probable Effects Concentrations or (PECs) are based on associations between sediment metal concentrations and occurrence of toxic effects in large datasets. PECs do not model bioavailable metals, but they can be used to estimate the toxicity of metal mixtures using by calculation of probable effect quotients (PEQ&nbsp;=&nbsp;sediment metal concentration/PEC). In contrast, mechanistic guidelines, such as Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Benchmarks (ESBs) attempt to predict both bioavailability and mixture toxicity. Application of these simple bioavailability models requires more extensive chemical characterization of sediments or pore water, compared to empirical guidelines, but may provide more reliable estimates of metal toxicity across a wide range of sediment types.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.05.021","usgsCitation":"Besser, J.M., Brumbaugh, W.G., and Ingersoll, C.G., 2015, Characterizing toxicity of metal-contaminated sediments from mining areas: Applied Geochemistry, v. 57, p. 73-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.05.021.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"84","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041372","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555718b3e4b0a92fa7e9d033","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Besser, John M. 0000-0002-9464-2244 jbesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-2244","contributorId":2073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besser","given":"John","email":"jbesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148344,"text":"70148344 - 2015 - Wolves on the hunt: The behavior of wolves hunting wild prey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T11:40:48","indexId":"70148344","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Wolves on the hunt: The behavior of wolves hunting wild prey","docAbstract":"The interactions between apex predators and their prey are some of the most awesome and meaningful in nature—displays of strength, endurance, and a deep coevolutionary history. And there is perhaps no apex predator more impressive and important in its hunting—or more infamous, more misjudged—than the wolf. Because of wolves’ habitat, speed, and general success at evading humans, researchers have faced great obstacles in studying their natural hunting behaviors. The first book to focus explicitly on wolf hunting of wild prey, Wolves on the Hunt seeks to fill these gaps in our knowledge and understanding.\r\n\r\nCombining behavioral data, thousands of hours of original field observations, research in the literature, a wealth of illustrations, and—in the e-book edition and online—video segments from cinematographer Robert K. Landis, the authors create a compelling and complex picture of these hunters. The wolf is indeed an adept killer, able to take down prey much larger than itself. While adapted to hunt primarily hoofed animals, a wolf—or especially a pack of wolves—can kill individuals of just about any species. But even as wolves help drive the underlying rhythms of the ecosystems they inhabit, their evolutionary prowess comes at a cost: wolves spend one-third of their time hunting—the most time consuming of all wolf activities—and success at the hunt only comes through traveling long distances, persisting in the face of regular failure, detecting and taking advantage of deficiencies in the physical condition of individual prey, and through ceaseless trial and error, all while risking injury or death.  \r\n\r\n By describing and analyzing the behaviors wolves use to hunt and kill various wild prey—including deer, moose, caribou, elk, Dall sheep, mountain goats, bison, musk oxen, arctic hares, beavers, and others—Wolves on the Hunt provides a revelatory portrait of one of nature’s greatest hunters.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., Smith, D.W., and MacNulty, D.R., 2015, Wolves on the hunt: The behavior of wolves hunting wild prey, 208 p. .","productDescription":"208 p. ","ipdsId":"IP-049277","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300858,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/W/bo20145329.html"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5853ba43e4b0e2663625f2c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":95727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacNulty, Daniel R.","contributorId":64069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNulty","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148496,"text":"70148496 - 2015 - 2014 National Park visitor spending effects: economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T16:29:28","indexId":"70148496","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NRSS/EQD/NRR—2015/947","title":"2014 National Park visitor spending effects: economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation","docAbstract":"<p>The National Park System covers more than 84 million acres and is comprised of more than 401 sites across the Nation. These lands managed by the National Park Service (NPS) serve as recreational destinations for visitors from across the Nation and around the world. On vacations or on day trips, NPS visitors spend time and money in the gateway communities surrounding NPS sites. Spending by NPS visitors generates and supports a considerable amount of economic activity within park gateway economies. The NPS has been measuring and reporting visitor spending and economic effects for the past 25 years. The 2012 analysis marked a major revision to the NPS visitor spending effects analyses, with the development of the Visitor Spending Effects model (VSE model) which replaced the previous Money Generation Model (see Cullinane Thomas et al. (2014) for a description of how the VSE model differs from the previous model). This report provides updated VSE estimates associated with 2014 NPS visitation.</p>\n<p>System-wide visitation estimates in 2014 increased by 7% (or 19.2 million visits) compared to 2013 (Ziesler, 2015). Visitation in 2014 rebounded from a 2013 decline that included a 16-day government shutdown and many park closures for repairs after Superstorm Sandy hit the Northeast in late 2012. The re-opening of the Washington Monument, some 21 months after it was rocked by an earthquake and repaired, also added to 2014 visitation numbers. Additionally, several national parks saw record-breaking visitation in 2014, including Joshua Tree, Rocky Mountain, Grand Teton and Glacier national parks.</p>\n<p>This report begins by presenting an overview of economic effects analyses, followed by details about the data and methods used for this analysis and 2014 model updates. Estimates of NPS visitor spending in 2014 and resulting economic effects at the local, state, regional, and national levels are then presented. The report concludes with a description of current data limitations. Park-level spending and economic effects estimates are included in the appendix.</p>\n<p>New this year, results from the Visitor Spending Effects report series are available online via an interactive tool. Users can explore current year visitor spending, jobs, labor income, value added, and output effects by sector for national, state, and local economies. This interactive tool is available via the NPS Social Science Program webpage at http://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/economics.cfm.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","collaboration":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Cullinane Thomas, C., Huber, C., and Koontz, L., 2015, 2014 National Park visitor spending effects: economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation: Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/EQD/NRR—2015/947, vi, 42 p.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064070","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":301102,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/docs/VSE2014_Final.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc2ee4b03fd6b7d94bf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cullinane Thomas, Catherine 0000-0001-8168-1271 ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-1271","contributorId":141097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cullinane Thomas","given":"Catherine","email":"ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huber, Christopher 0000-0001-8446-8134 chuber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8446-8134","contributorId":127600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"Christopher","email":"chuber@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70150368,"text":"70150368 - 2015 - Hydrodynamic modeling to evaluate the influence of constructed side-channel habitat on larval drift of pallid strugeon in the Lower Missouri River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T12:10:20","indexId":"70150368","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrodynamic modeling to evaluate the influence of constructed side-channel habitat on larval drift of pallid strugeon in the Lower Missouri River","docAbstract":"<p>Larval drift is a critical phase of ontogeny for many species of lotic fishes. Downstream advection and dispersion of drifting larvae or eggs is controlled by the complex interaction of flow regime, channel planform, local channel morphology, and the resulting hydraulic gradients. In many regulated rivers, channel engineering and perturbations to the flow regime may disrupt natural dispersal processes and prevent successful recruitment of native fishes. Here, we explore the influence of flow regime and channel morphology on the downstream transport, dispersion, and retention of free embryos of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhychus albus), an endangered species endemic to the Mississippi River basin and the focus of significant conservation effort on the Missouri River. The transition from drifting free embryo to exogenously feeding larvae has been identified as a potential life stage bottleneck for the pallid sturgeon. We use a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model to evaluate the sensitivity of drift and dispersion to in-channel navigation structures, constructed shallow-water habitat, and flood hydrology. In the simulations, larvae were treated as passively drifting particles and calculated retention times were used as an index of potential for settling and retention within specific environments. During low flows, retention of larvae is promoted by shallow, low velocity conditions provided by constructed side-channel habitats. At higher flows, retention is driven by overbank flows that inundate the floodplain. Based on insights gained from the analysis of field data and modeling outputs, we consider the effects of flow regime modifications or channel re-engineering on the distribution and retention of free embryos within the Lower Missouri River. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the joint federal interagency conference 2015: Proceedings of papers of the 5th federal interagency hydrologic modeling conference and the 10th federal interagency sedimentation conference (Proceedings of the 3rd joint federal interagency conference on sedimentation and hydrologic modeling)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Advisory Committee on Water Information","usgsCitation":"Erwin, S.O., and Jacobson, R.B., 2015, Hydrodynamic modeling to evaluate the influence of constructed side-channel habitat on larval drift of pallid strugeon in the Lower Missouri River, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the joint federal interagency conference 2015: Proceedings of papers of the 5th federal interagency hydrologic modeling conference and the 10th federal interagency sedimentation conference (Proceedings of the 3rd joint federal interagency conference on sedimentation and hydrologic modeling), Reno, NV, April 19-23, 2015, p. 751-760.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"751","endPage":"760","ipdsId":"IP-061797","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302264,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/3rdJFIC/index.html"},{"id":341351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fcbe4b0a7fdb43ddefc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, Susannah O. 0000-0002-2799-0118 serwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-0118","contributorId":5183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"Susannah","email":"serwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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