We examine the effects that Atlantic Coastal Plain (ACP) strata have on ground motions in the eastern and southeastern United States. The ACP strata consist of widespread, nearly flat‐lying sediments, the upper portions of which are unconsolidated or semiconsolidated. The ACP sediments are deposited primarily on crystalline basement rocks, creating large velocity and density contrasts with the underlying rocks. At 211 sites on ACP strata to thicknesses of 4000 m, we compute spectral ratios relative to the average of four bedrock sites west or northwest of the strata. Sites consist of stations of Earthscope’s USArray Transportable Array (TA), and temporary deployments in the Southeast Suture of the Atlantic Margin Experiment (SESAME), Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) experiment, and the DCShake deployment in Washington, D.C. For the TA and SESAME stations, we use signals from 13 teleseisms and three regional earthquakes as input, combining the north and east components of motion after taking the Fourier transforms. We also include similarly processed site responses from the ENAM and DCShake arrays that were computed in earlier studies. Results show prominent, fundamental resonance peaks at frequencies determined by reverberations in the entire sediment column, and that often define the largest amplifications for each frequency. As frequencies increase, these resonance peaks migrate to thinner ACP strata and increase in amplitude. The peaks are well defined at frequencies below about 1 Hz, but become narrower and less defined regionally at higher frequencies. We develop simple equations to characterize amplification versus ACP thickness, which we approximate by cosine and Gaussian curves with amplifications of 1 on bedrock and rising to the resonance peak, and then decreasing to an average amplification at thicknesses greater than twice the resonance peak. Comparisons with other site corrections for the central and eastern United States based on sediment thickness show similarities on thin ACP strata but divergence on thicker sediments. The results also demonstrate the effectiveness of using teleseismic arrivals to characterize the site responses of sedimentary sequences.
Daily mean streamflow data from 28 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in Puerto Rico with 10 or more years of unregulated or minimally affected flow record through water year 2018 were used to develop regression equations for flow duration and annual n-day low-flow statistics. Ordinary least-squares and generalized least-squares regression techniques were used to develop regional regression equations for flow-duration statistics at the 99th, 98th, 95th, 90th, 80th, 70th, 60th, and 50th percent exceedance probabilities and annual n-day low-flow frequency statistics for the 1-, 7-, 14-, and 30-day mean low flows with the 2-year (0.5 nonexceedance probability), 5-year (0.2 nonexceedance probability), and 10-year (0.1 nonexceedance probability) recurrence intervals. A StreamStats web application was developed to estimate basin and climatic characteristics for the regional regression equation analysis. Basin and climatic characteristics determined to be significant explanatory variables in one or more regression equations included drainage area, mean total annual reference evapotranspiration, and minimum basin elevation. The adjusted coefficient of determination for the flow-duration regression equations ranged from 57.7 to 81.4 percent. The pseudo coefficient of determination for the annual n-day low-flow regression equations ranged from 64.6 to 70.7 percent. The StreamStats web application incorporates the flow duration, and annual n-day low-flow regression equations and can provide streamflow estimates for most ungaged sites in the island.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board","usgsCitation":"Williams-Sether, T., 2021, Estimating flow-duration statistics and low-flow frequencies for selected streams and the implementation of a StreamStats web-based tool in Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5054, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215054.","productDescription":"Report: v, 17 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-118184","costCenters":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386816,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5054/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":386817,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5054/sir20215054.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.32 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5054"},{"id":386819,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":386818,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Y2QVJ6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data files for the development of regression equations for flow-duration statistics and n-day low-flow frequencies for ungaged streams in Puerto Rico through water year 2018"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.3187255859375,\n 17.85590441431915\n ],\n [\n -65.5828857421875,\n 17.85590441431915\n ],\n [\n -65.5828857421875,\n 18.557739984085266\n ],\n [\n -67.3187255859375,\n 18.557739984085266\n ],\n [\n -67.3187255859375,\n 17.85590441431915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Dakota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
821 East Interstate Avenue, Bismarck, ND 58503
1608 Mountain View Road, Rapid City, SD 57702
The California Department of Transportation, commonly known as CalTrans, and other municipal separate storm sewer system permittees in California as well as other State departments of transportation nationwide need information about potential loads and yields (loads per unit area) of constituents of concern in stormwater runoff and discharges from stormwater best management practices (BMPs). Although its National Pollution Discharge Elimination System stormwater permit is focused on areas subject to total maximum daily load (TMDL) regulations, CalTrans builds and maintains BMPs to minimize the adverse effects of roadway runoff on receiving waters throughout the State. This report describes approaches used by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with CalTrans for using the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM) to assess long-term annual yields of highway and urban runoff in selected areas of California. In this study, a series of regional and local yields were simulated to provide statewide planning-level estimates and more refined TMDL-specific yield values. SELDM was used to analyze 368 State roadway and urban runoff yields for 53 runoff quality constituents. The analyses included 222 random-seed analyses, 60 regional State roadway-runoff analyses, 24 regional urban roadway-runoff analyses, and 62 focused TMDL-area analyses.
This report describes approaches and statistics used to analyze available hydrologic and runoff quality data in all analyses. Results for all analyses are provided in the model archive, but only a selected subset of results are presented as examples in this report. State roadway runoff, urban runoff, and BMP discharge yields for total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total zinc were selected as examples because they are widespread constituents of concern with substantial amounts of State roadway and urban runoff monitoring data. In this report, a hypothetical basin was specified by using available geographic information to demonstrate use of the State roadway and urban runoff yields to estimate long-term annual stormwater loads from developed areas. Application of these yields to the hypothetical basin indicates that although State-roadway yields may be higher than urban-runoff yields for some constituents, State-roadway loads may be a small proportion of total stormwater loads because State roadways themselves are a small fraction of the total impervious area in such basins. Although application of results from this study may have considerable uncertainty for any particular stormwater outfall, the study does provide robust estimates to support basin-scale runoff-load analyses in California. These analyses also provide estimates for the 12 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency level III ecoregions that are completely or partially within the boundaries of the State of California.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215043","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Granato, G.E., and Friesz, P.J., 2021, Approaches for assessing long-term annual yields of highway and urban runoff in selected areas of California with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5043, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215043.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 37 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-124902","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386679,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5043/coverthb3.jpg"},{"id":386680,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5043/sir20215043.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.96 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5043"},{"id":386681,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B02EUZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Model archive for assessing long-term annual yields of highway and urban runoff in selected areas of California with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM)"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
A study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Navy (the Navy) to determine the status of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in groundwater at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) in West Trenton, New Jersey. Wells contaminated with VOCs were sampled in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 as part of the Navy’s long-term monitoring program. The results for trichloroethene (TCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cisDCE), and vinyl chloride (VC) were plotted in map view to determine whether the areal extent of the contamination had changed over the 4-year period. TCE, cisDCE, and VC concentrations were plotted along nine lines of section across the former NAWC site to determine whether the vertical distribution of VOCs had changed during 2014–17. TCE, cisDCE, and VC concentrations over time were plotted on graphs for each well to determine long-term trends and changes in VOC concentrations. Data from 1990 to 2017 were used, if available, to make these graphs.
Results show that the areas of VOC concentrations greater than or equal to 1 microgram per liter decreased slightly on the northwestern side and the northeastern side of the NAWC site from 2014 to 2017 under the influence of a pump-and-treat system, natural attenuation processes, and engineered bioaugmentation experiments ongoing at the site. The pump-and-treat system continued to hydraulically contain the VOC contamination and kept it from moving offsite to the south and west of NAWC. One well northeast of the NAWC site, 50BR, was found to have detectable TCE and cisDCE concentrations. These detections indicated that VOC contamination had migrated offsite and that the pump-and-treat system was not containing the VOC contamination on the eastern side of the facility. Detectable VOC concentrations were present in wells as deep as 200 and 221 feet on the eastern and western sides of the NAWC site. TCE concentrations in most wells were found to be stable or to have slowly decreased since the facility closed in 1999. Only 7 wells, including 3 pump-and-treat extraction wells, showed substantial increases in TCE concentration from 2014 to 2017. Continuing sources of TCE to the system are desorption of TCE from organic materials in the aquifer, back diffusion of TCE from the contaminated bedrock matrix, and dissolution of remaining dense nonaqueous phase TCE in the aquifer.
Wells at the former NAWC site were sampled for PFASs in 2015, 2016, and 2017. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) results were plotted in map and cross-section views to determine the areal and vertical extent of the PFAS contamination at the site. PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA concentrations greater than their established maximum contaminant levels were detected in 25, 24, and 21 of the 26 wells sampled, respectively, on the eastern side of NAWC in 2017. Vertically, the highest PFAS concentrations were present in shallow wells along the fence near the firehouse and along the railroad tracks where the aqueous film-forming foam discharge reportedly occurred back in 1990. PFAS concentrations were detected in one well (54BR) as deep as 200 feet on the eastern side of the NAWC site. PFASs were present in wells east of the railroad tracks, indicating that PFAS-contaminated groundwater had moved offsite. In a limited test of five wells, samples collected with regenerated cellulose dialysis membrane (RCDM) passive samplers contained PFAS concentrations equal to those in samples from low-flow purging.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201105","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Navy","usgsCitation":"Imbrigiotta, T.E., and Fiore, A.R., 2021, Distribution of chlorinated volatile organic compounds and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in monitoring wells at the former Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton, New Jersey, 2014–17: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1105, 107 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201105.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 107 p.; Data Release; 4 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"107","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-110205","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386575,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1105/ofr20201105_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"288 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"- Appendix 2. Volatile organic compounds, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and 1,4-dioxane concentrations measured in samples from wells at the former Naval Air Warfare Center site, West Trenton, New Jersey, 1990–2017"},{"id":386577,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1105/ofr20201105_appendix2.csv","text":"Appendix 2 as CSV file","size":"187 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"}},{"id":386576,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1105/ofr20201105_appendix1.csv","text":"Appendix 1 as CSV file","size":"22.9 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"}},{"id":386573,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RCAQ5N","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Concentrations of chlorinated volatile organic compounds and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater and surface water, former Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton, New Jersey"},{"id":386572,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1105/ofr20201105.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1105"},{"id":386571,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1105/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":386574,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1105/ofr20201105_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"43.7 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"- Appendix 1. Descriptions of boreholes, well locations, and well construction at the former Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton, New Jersey"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.80979204177856,\n 40.26746805544402\n ],\n [\n -74.80759263038635,\n 40.27155298671227\n ],\n [\n -74.8130750656128,\n 40.27224060619094\n ],\n [\n -74.81433033943176,\n 40.26832763061523\n ],\n [\n -74.81412649154663,\n 40.268139343654944\n ],\n [\n -74.80979204177856,\n 40.26746805544402\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike Ste 110
Lawrenceville, New Jersey, 08648
Ecologists play a crucial role in providing solutions to the challenges facing the world. For most of the history of the field, however, the science of ecology has been pursued by white men, and increasingly, by white women. This lack of diversity is untenable today, not only because it is socially unjust, but also because solving environmental problems requires diversity. Ecology as a science is an extremely rewarding and fun career choice for many, but how can the field recruit a more diverse workforce to do this important and gratifying work? Attracting and retaining future ecologists of color is the focus of this Forum.
How do young people choose a career in ecology and environmental sciences? For many ecologists, environmental scientists and managers, and future natural resource professionals, an early field experience provides a crucial introduction and gateway. A sojourn at a field station, an extended field trip, or field expedition has introduced many of today’s professionals to their fields, but at the same time, a growing literature documents problematic behavior, discrimination, and other forms of harassment that have been far too frequently reported, and little attention has been given to conscious or implicit exclusion of students from diverse backgrounds.
In their lead article, Bowser and Cid, two leading researchers and long-time champions of diversity in ecology, build on experience in long-running programs as well as the literature to diagnose challenges facing diverse youth, and present approaches to encourage, rather than discourage, further engagement. They describe affirmative and creative measures that foster a sense of inclusion and community among young scholars; this sense of belonging and empowerment allows many to advance to studies and careers in ecology and environmental science.
In the subsequent six papers, authors explore topics either responding to, or inspired by, the lead paper. They explore alternatives to a field experience as a gateway to a career in ecology or environmental sciences through, for example, data science or the social sciences. Other comment papers describe challenges faced in the next phases of an academic career, barriers faced by specific cultural groups and the approaches, challenges, and outcomes of programs aiming to increase the diversity of the environmental STEM workforce. All responses sound a clarion call for change to hear and value different voices and perspectives to be heard and valued. These include (1) structural and cultural change to our institutions and reward structures; (2) developing and nurturing personal relationships among students and their mentors, within teams and in internships; (3) making entry to ecology inviting and making advancement in ecology free from systemic barriers; and (4) broadening our vision of ecology, and the ways we learn about the world’s ecosystems.
The Ecological Society of America, the home for Ecological Applications, is committed to the diversity, equity and inclusion needed to tackle environmental challenges in unity (https://www.esa.org/esablog/2020/09/24/time-for-action-esa-initiates-a-diversity-equity-inclusion-and-justice-deij-task-force/). The world needs all available talent and perspectives to meet environmental challenges today. Ecological Applications has long published occasional papers on the profession of ecology and never ones more important or timely than these. The editorial team is proud to provide an outlet for the voices of our field, in all its current, if inadequate, diversity and honored to host the passionate and committed views of our authors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.2353","usgsCitation":"Schimel, D.S., and Baron, J., 2021, A more representative community of ecologists: Ecological Applications, v. 31, no. 6, e02353, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2353.","productDescription":"e02353, 1 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126262","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2353","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":390383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schimel, David S","contributorId":267312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":55473,"text":"Jep Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":215101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70223146,"text":"70223146 - 2021 - Fully accounting for nest age reduces bias when quantifying nest survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T18:34:37.961408","indexId":"70223146","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-28T07:42:22","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9101,"text":"Ornithological Applications","printIssn":"0010-5422","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fully accounting for nest age reduces bias when quantifying nest survival","docAbstract":"Accurately measuring nest survival is challenging because nests must be discovered to be monitored, but nests are typically not found on the first day of the nesting interval. Studies of nest survival therefore often monitor a sample that overrepresents older nests. To account for this sampling bias, a daily survival rate (DSR) is estimated and then used to calculate nest survival to the end of the interval. However, estimates of DSR (and thus nest survival) can still be biased if DSR changes with nest age and nests are not found at age 0. Including nest age as a covariate of DSR and carefully considering the method of estimating nest survival can prevent such biases, but many published studies have not fully accounted for changes in DSR with nest age. I used a simulation study to quantify biases in estimates of nest survival resulting from changes in DSR with nest age under a variety of scenarios. I tested four methods of estimating nest survival from the simulated datasets and evaluated the bias and variance of each estimate. Nest survival estimates were often strongly biased when DSR varied with age but DSR was assumed to be constant, as well as when the model included age as a covariate but calculated nest survival from DSR at the mean monitored nest age (the method typically used in previous studies). In contrast, biases were usually avoided when nest survival was calculated as the product of age-specific estimates of DSR across the full nesting interval. However, the unbiased estimates often showed large variance, especially when few nests were found at young ages. Future field studies can maximize the accuracy and precision of nest survival estimates by aiming to find nests at young ages, including age as a covariate in the DSR model, and calculating nest survival as the product of age-specific estimates of DSR when DSR changes with nest age.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duab030","usgsCitation":"Weiser, E.L., 2021, Fully accounting for nest age reduces bias when quantifying nest survival: Ornithological Applications, v. 123, no. 3, duab030, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duab030.","productDescription":"duab030, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-123574","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451735,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duab030","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436286,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9THD5GK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Nest Survival Bias Analysis"},{"id":387895,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiser, Emily L. 0000-0003-1598-659X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1598-659X","contributorId":213770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiser","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221577,"text":"sim3474 - 2021 - Delineating the Pierre Shale from geophysical surveys within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota, 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T16:06:18.123963","indexId":"sim3474","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-28T07:21:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3474","displayTitle":"Delineating the Pierre Shale from Geophysical Surveys Within and Near Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota, 2019","title":"Delineating the Pierre Shale from geophysical surveys within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota, 2019","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Civil Engineering Center, investigated the use of surface geophysical methods to delineate the top of the Cretaceous Pierre Shale along survey transects in selected areas within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota. Two complementary geophysical methods—electrical resistivity and passive seismic—were used along 26 co-located transect surveys within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base for a total of 12.7 line-kilometers. Electrical resistivity results were analyzed using EarthImager2D electrical resistivity tomography processing and inversion software. Two-dimensional earth models showing the electrical properties of the subsurface were evaluated by directly comparing the high and low subsurface resistivity values to a surficial geologic map and nearby wells with driller logs. Passive seismic data were analyzed using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio method to determine the depth to the Pierre Shale at each survey point. The electrical resistivity and passive seismic results were compared to driller logs from nearby wells to delineate the top of the Pierre Shale. The depth to the Pierre Shale along the transects ranged from about 2.4 to 20.3 meters, and mean and median depths were about 9.2 and 9.0 meters, respectively. The elevation of the Pierre Shale and thickness of unconsolidated deposits generally increased with land-surface elevation from south to north; however, some transects displayed topographically high and low areas that sometimes did not correlate with land-surface topography and may affect local groundwater flow.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3474","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Air Force Civil Engineering Center","usgsCitation":"Medler, C.J., and Anderson, T.M., 2021, Delineating the Pierre Shale from geophysical surveys within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota, 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3474, 3 sheets, 16-p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3474.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ix,16 p.; 3 Sheets: 48.00 x 40.00 inches or smaller; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-126004","costCenters":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386683,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3474/sim3474_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"2.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3474 Pamphlet"},{"id":386682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3474/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":398136,"rank":10,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sim3474/full","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":398000,"rank":9,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3474/images"},{"id":386688,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":386687,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XSJH17","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) data collected within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota, from 2014 to 2019"},{"id":386686,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3474/sim3474_sheet03.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","size":"9.47 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3474 Sheet 3","linkHelpText":"— Electrical resistivity tomography inversion results with depth to Pierre Shale from horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio results for transects 9A, 9B, 9C, 11, 8A, 8B, 8C, 10, and 12, Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota"},{"id":386685,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3474/sim3474_sheet02.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"10.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3474 Sheet 2","linkHelpText":"— Electrical resistivity tomography inversion results with depth to Pierre Shale from horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio results for transects 4A1, 4A2, 2, 3A, 3B, 3C, and 5, Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota"},{"id":386684,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3474/sim3474_sheet01.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"8.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3474 Sheet 1","linkHelpText":"— Electrical resistivity tomography inversion results with depth to Pierre Shale from horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio results for transects 1C1, 1C2, 14, 15, 13A, 13B, 1A, 1B, 4B, and 4C, Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota"},{"id":397999,"rank":8,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3474/sim3474.XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Ellsworth Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.14857482910155,\n 44.10977494207831\n ],\n [\n -103.04145812988281,\n 44.10977494207831\n ],\n [\n -103.04145812988281,\n 44.17136989600329\n ],\n [\n -103.14857482910155,\n 44.17136989600329\n ],\n [\n -103.14857482910155,\n 44.10977494207831\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Dakota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
821 East Interstate Avenue
Bismarck, ND 58503
1608 Mountain View Road
Rapid City, SD 57702
Little is known about the element composition of groundwater along flow paths between wetlands. What is known is based on a few major elements, such as Na and Ca. We examined the spatial and temporal variation of elements in a depressional-wetland, groundwater-flow system in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota, USA. Wetlands of the region are characterized by their occurrence in hydrologically connected complexes, where those at higher elevations in the groundwater flow system often recharge groundwater (recharge wetlands), while those at lower elevations receive groundwater (discharge wetlands). The aim of our study was to get a better understanding of factors affecting the distribution of more than 30 elements in groundwater along a flow path between recharge and discharge wetlands. We found that oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) decreased as electrical conductivity (EC) increased along the flow path. As EC increased, so did the concentrations of major ions, such as Na, Ca, and Mg. That was already well known. Less known, however, was that concentrations of Cs, Sn, U and Zr increased along the flow path as well. Not reported before was that concentrations of Sn increased strongly as ORP decreased. The concentrations of most elements in groundwater increased with lower relative elevation in the groundwater flow system, but notable exceptions were Ba and Zn, which both showed opposite patterns. Our results contribute to a better understanding of element cycling in groundwater between wetlands, which in turn is important for our understanding of resultant influences on associated biogeochemistry and ecosystem services.
Understanding the structure and composition of landscapes can empower agencies to effectively manage public lands for multiple uses while sustaining land health. Many landscape metrics exist, but they are not often used in public land decision-making. Our objectives were to (1) develop and (2) apply a process for identifying a core set of indicators that public land managers can use to understand landscape-level resource patterns on and around public lands. We first developed a process for identifying indicators that are grounded in policy, feasible to quantify using existing data and resources, and useful for managers. We surveyed landscape monitoring efforts by other agencies, gathered science and agency input on monitoring goals, and quantified the prevalence of potential indicators in agency land health standards to identify five landscape indicators: amount, distribution, patch size, structural connectivity, and diversity of vegetation types. We then conducted pilot applications in four bureau of land management (BLM) field offices in Arizona, California, and Colorado to refine procedures for quantifying the indicators and assess the utility of the indicators for managers. Results highlighted the dominance of upland and the limited extent of riparian/wetland vegetation communities, moderate connectivity of priority vegetation patches, and lower diversity of native vegetation types on BLM compared to non-BLM lands. Agency staff can use the indicators to inform the development of quantitative resource management objectives in land use plans, evaluate progress in meeting those objectives, quantify potential impacts of proposed actions, and as a foundation for an all-lands approach to landscape-level management across public lands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00267-021-01493-8","usgsCitation":"Carter, S.K., Burris, L., Domschke, C., Garman, S.L., Haby, T., Harms, B., Kachergis, E., Litschert, S.E., and Miller, K., 2021, Identifying policy-relevant indicators for assessing landscape vegetation patterns to inform planning and management on multiple use public lands: Environmental Management, v. 68, p. 426-443, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-021-01493-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"426","endPage":"443","ipdsId":"IP-120719","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-021-01493-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":390386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burris, Lucy","contributorId":267280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burris","given":"Lucy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domschke, Chris","contributorId":267281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Domschke","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garman, Steven L 0000-0002-9032-9074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-9074","contributorId":267282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haby, Travis","contributorId":202409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haby","given":"Travis","affiliations":[{"id":36421,"text":"Bureau of Land Management National Operations Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harms, Benjamin R","contributorId":267283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harms","given":"Benjamin R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kachergis, Emily","contributorId":195930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kachergis","given":"Emily","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Miller, Kevin","contributorId":178815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Litschert, S. E.","contributorId":267284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litschert","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":55460,"text":"Quantum Spatial, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70230358,"text":"70230358 - 2021 - Identification of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas fault with deep learning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-08T11:58:40.972488","indexId":"70230358","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-26T06:56:22","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas fault with deep learning","docAbstract":"Low-frequency earthquakes are a seismic manifestation of slow fault slip. Their emergent onsets, low amplitudes, and unique frequency characteristics make these events difficult to detect in continuous seismic data. Here, we train a convolutional neural network to detect low-frequency earthquakes near Parkfield, CA using the catalog of Shelly (2017), https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jb014047 as training data. We explore how varying model size and targets influence the performance of the resulting network. Our preferred network has a peak accuracy of 85% and can reliably pick low-frequency earthquake (LFE) S-wave arrival times on single station records. We demonstrate the abilities of the network using data from permanent and temporary stations near Parkfield, and show that it detects new LFEs that are not part of the Shelly (2017), https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jb014047 catalog. Overall, machine-learning approaches show great promise for identifying additional low-frequency earthquake sources. The technique is fast, generalizable, and does not require sources to repeat.
Integrating recent science into management decisions supports effective natural resource management and can lead to better resource outcomes. However, finding and accessing science information can be time consuming and costly. To assist in this process, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is creating a series of annotated bibliographies on topics of management concern for western lands. Previously published reports introduced a methodology for preparing annotated bibliographies to facilitate the integration of recent, peer-reviewed science into resource management decisions. Therefore, relevant text from those efforts is reproduced here to frame the presentation. Invasive annual grasses are widely distributed throughout the western United States and threaten native ecosystems by altering fire regimes, replacing native plants, and altering grazing patterns, often with tremendous associated costs. One invasive annual grass, Ventenata dubia (hereafter, ventenata), was first introduced to the United States in the 1950s and has recently been identified as a management concern. Ventenata has a wide native geographic range, from Africa to northern Europe, and could thus potentially spread widely in the United States if left unmanaged. We compiled and summarized peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports, and data products on ventenata published between January 1, 2010, and August 27, 2020. We first conducted a systematic search of three reference databases and three government databases using the search phrase: “ventenata” OR “Ventenata dubia.” We refined the initial list of products by removing (1) duplicates, (2) products not written in English, (3) publications that were not focused in North America, (4) publications that were not published as research, data products, or scientific review articles in peer-reviewed journals or as formal technical reports, and (5) products for which ventenata was not a research focus or for which the study did not present new data or findings about ventenata. We summarized each product using a consistent structure (background, objectives, methods, location, findings, and implications) and identified the management topics (for example, species and population characteristics, habitat, control and management efforts) addressed by each product. We also noted which publications included new geospatial data. The review process for this annotated bibliography included an initial internal colleague review of each summary, requesting input on each summary from an author of the original publication, and a formal peer review. Our initial searches resulted in 505 total products, of which 29 met our criteria for inclusion. Nonnative invasive plants; weed management; behavior or demographics; dispersal, spread, vectors and pathways; site-scale habitat characteristics; survival; and weed management subtopic: herbicides were the management topics most commonly addressed. The online version of this annotated bibliography will be searchable by topic, location, and year; it will also include links to each original publication, where available. The studies compiled and summarized here may inform planning and management actions that seek to maintain and restore landscapes and control nonnative invasive species across the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211031","usgsCitation":"Poor, E.E., Kleist, N.J., Bencin, H.L., Foster, A.C., and Carter, S.K., 2021, Annotated bibliography of scientific research on Ventenata dubia published from 2010 to 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1031, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211031.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-121527","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386678,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1031/ofr20211031.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2021-1031"},{"id":386677,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1031/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Fort Collins Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2150 Centre Ave., Building C
Fort Collins, CO 80526-8118
A collection of points representing an object in space is commonly called a point cloud. There are several techniques for collecting point clouds. This research is focused on a comparison study of two approaches: (1) collecting point clouds with a surveying grade terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and (2) generating point clouds from drone-taken still images by utilizing Structure-from-Motion (SFM) technique. The paper's main objective is to compare the generated point clouds to each other and show the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques for structural health monitoring of bridges. To achieve the goal of the paper, we selected a pedestrian bridge for a comparison study. For simplicity, the study was limited to a single-span bridge. The bridge we studied is a composite steel and reinforced concrete (RC) bridge with a curved deck. A terrestrial laser scanner was used to scan the bridge from several positions, and point clouds were registered based on point-cloud to point-cloud matching. No targets were used during the collection of the point clouds by the laser scanner. In addition, still images of both bridges were taken by a drone. Based on a quantitative comparison of the results, the paper discusses the pros and cons of both approaches.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"2021 3rd International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications","conferenceDate":"June 11-13, 2021","conferenceLocation":"Ankara, Turkey","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/HORA52670.2021.9461365","usgsCitation":"Takhirov, S., and Kayen, R., 2021, Point clouds of bridge generated by terrestrial laser scanner and images via Structure from Motion technique: Comparison study, in 2021 3rd International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), Ankara, Turkey, June 11-13, 2021, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1109/HORA52670.2021.9461365.","productDescription":"5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128547","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Oakland","otherGeospatial":"Snake Bridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.20753133296967,\n 37.8258321216012\n ],\n [\n -122.20661401748656,\n 37.8258321216012\n ],\n [\n -122.20661401748656,\n 37.826399909443\n ],\n [\n -122.20753133296967,\n 37.826399909443\n ],\n [\n -122.20753133296967,\n 37.8258321216012\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takhirov, Shakzod","contributorId":261194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Takhirov","given":"Shakzod","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52769,"text":"Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kayen, Robert E. 0000-0002-0356-072X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0356-072X","contributorId":261195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70229781,"text":"70229781 - 2021 - Proposed standard weight (Ws) equation and length categories for Utah Chub","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-17T16:07:09.637674","indexId":"70229781","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T11:01:28","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Proposed standard weight (Ws) equation and length categories for Utah Chub","title":"Proposed standard weight (Ws) equation and length categories for Utah Chub","docAbstract":"Condition indices, such as relative weight (Wr), provide a simple method for comparing length–weight relationships among populations. However, no standard weight (Ws) equation has been developed for Utah Chub Gila atraria, a species of important management focus in the Intermountain West. We obtained length–weight data for 30,541 Utah Chub from 24 populations in Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. We used the regression line percentile (RLP), linear empirical percentile (EmP), and quadratic EmP methods to develop average (50th percentile) and above average (75th percentile) Ws equations. Additionally, Froese’s method was used to develop another Ws equation for Utah Chub. Length-related biases were detected in Ws equations developed using the RLP, 50th percentile quadratic EmP, and Froese methods. The linear EmP Ws equations did not exhibit length-related biases for the 50th and 75th percentiles. We propose using the 75th percentile linear EmP Ws equation for Utah Chub between 90 and 410 mm TL. The EmP 75th percentile equation was log10(Ws) = −4.938 + 3.031·log10(TL), where Ws is weight in grams and TL is in millimeters. The English equivalent of this equation is log10(Ws) = −3.335 + 3.031·log10(TL), where Ws is weight in pounds and TL is in inches for 4–16-in Utah Chub. Additionally, we propose that minimum TLs of 100 mm (4 in; stock), 200 mm (8 in; quality), 250 mm (10 in; preferred), 300 mm (12 in; memorable), and 380 mm (15 in; trophy) be used to calculate proportional size distribution (PSD) indices. Better understanding Utah Chub populations using Wr and PSDs will aid managers in assessing management strategies (e.g., biological controls) focused on Utah Chub.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10636","usgsCitation":"Black, A., Beard, Z., Flinders, J., and Quist, M.C., 2021, Proposed standard weight (Ws) equation and length categories for Utah Chub: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 41, no. 5, p. 1299-1309, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10636.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1299","endPage":"1309","ipdsId":"IP-127119","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-109.050076,41.000659],[-109.051512,39.126095],[-109.059541,38.719888],[-109.060062,38.275489],[-109.041762,38.16469],[-109.045223,36.999084],[-110.47019,36.997997],[-110.50069,37.00426],[-111.278286,37.000465],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-114.052962,37.592783],[-114.048473,37.809861],[-114.050485,38.499955],[-114.040231,41.49169],[-114.041723,41.99372],[-114.598267,41.994511],[-114.831077,42.002207],[-115.031783,41.996008],[-116.368478,41.996281],[-117.026222,42.000252],[-117.026871,43.832479],[-117.01077,43.862269],[-116.98294,43.86771],[-116.976024,43.895548],[-116.977332,43.905812],[-116.963666,43.921363],[-116.96247,43.928336],[-116.963666,43.952644],[-116.971835,43.962806],[-116.942944,43.987512],[-116.934485,44.021249],[-116.943361,44.035645],[-116.972504,44.048771],[-116.977351,44.085364],[-116.967203,44.090936],[-116.943132,44.09406],[-116.933704,44.100039],[-116.894309,44.158114],[-116.895757,44.171267],[-116.900103,44.176851],[-116.925392,44.191544],[-116.971675,44.197256],[-116.971958,44.235677],[-116.975905,44.242844],[-117.031862,44.248635],[-117.042283,44.242775],[-117.047062,44.229742],[-117.05303,44.229076],[-117.067284,44.24401],[-117.089503,44.258234],[-117.098531,44.275533],[-117.107673,44.280763],[-117.121037,44.277585],[-117.143394,44.258262],[-117.170342,44.25889],[-117.198147,44.273828],[-117.216974,44.288357],[-117.222647,44.297578],[-117.217843,44.30718],[-117.203323,44.313024],[-117.189842,44.335007],[-117.196149,44.346362],[-117.235117,44.373853],[-117.242675,44.396548],[-117.22698,44.405583],[-117.215072,44.427162],[-117.215573,44.453746],[-117.225076,44.482346],[-117.200237,44.492027],[-117.181583,44.52296],[-117.161033,44.525166],[-117.149242,44.536151],[-117.14293,44.557236],[-117.147934,44.562143],[-117.146032,44.568603],[-117.124754,44.583834],[-117.120522,44.614658],[-117.098221,44.640689],[-117.095868,44.664737],[-117.080772,44.684161],[-117.07912,44.692175],[-117.061799,44.706654],[-117.062273,44.727143],[-117.03827,44.748179],[-117.013802,44.756841],[-116.998903,44.756382],[-116.972902,44.772581],[-116.9368,44.782881],[-116.9307,44.789881],[-116.933799,44.796781],[-116.931099,44.804781],[-116.896249,44.84833],[-116.865338,44.870599],[-116.852427,44.887577],[-116.838467,44.923601],[-116.832176,44.931373],[-116.850737,44.958113],[-116.858313,44.978761],[-116.846103,44.999878],[-116.844796,45.015312],[-116.848037,45.021728],[-116.841314,45.030907],[-116.825133,45.03784],[-116.797329,45.060267],[-116.78371,45.076972],[-116.783537,45.093605],[-116.774847,45.105536],[-116.754643,45.113972],[-116.729607,45.142091],[-116.724205,45.171501],[-116.709536,45.203015],[-116.70975,45.217243],[-116.703607,45.239757],[-116.691388,45.263739],[-116.675587,45.274867],[-116.672733,45.283183],[-116.673793,45.321511],[-116.619057,45.39821],[-116.597447,45.41277],[-116.588195,45.44292],[-116.554829,45.46293],[-116.558803,45.480076],[-116.548676,45.510385],[-116.535482,45.525079],[-116.523638,45.54661],[-116.502756,45.566608],[-116.48297,45.577008],[-116.463635,45.602785],[-116.463504,45.615785],[-116.487894,45.649769],[-116.523961,45.677639],[-116.535396,45.691734],[-116.538014,45.714929],[-116.535698,45.734231],[-116.546643,45.750972],[-116.559444,45.755189],[-116.593004,45.778541],[-116.632032,45.784979],[-116.646342,45.779815],[-116.665344,45.781998],[-116.680139,45.79359],[-116.697192,45.820135],[-116.711822,45.826267],[-116.736268,45.826179],[-116.759787,45.816167],[-116.782676,45.825376],[-116.788329,45.831928],[-116.787792,45.844267],[-116.796051,45.858473],[-116.814142,45.877551],[-116.84355,45.892273],[-116.859795,45.907264],[-116.869655,45.923799],[-116.875706,45.945008],[-116.886843,45.958617],[-116.892935,45.974396],[-116.911409,45.988912],[-116.91868,45.999875],[-116.923005,46.018293],[-116.942656,46.061],[-116.957372,46.075449],[-116.978938,46.080007],[-116.981962,46.084915],[-116.978823,46.095731],[-116.955263,46.102237],[-116.950276,46.123464],[-116.922648,46.160744],[-116.92187,46.167808],[-116.965841,46.203417],[-116.955264,46.23088],[-116.966742,46.256923],[-116.991134,46.276342],[-116.98491,46.289738],[-116.986688,46.296662],[-117.020663,46.314793],[-117.023149,46.334759],[-117.027744,46.338751],[-117.051735,46.343833],[-117.06263,46.352522],[-117.062785,46.365287],[-117.046915,46.379577],[-117.034696,46.418318],[-117.039813,46.425425],[-117.042657,47.760857],[-117.041107,48.124904],[-117.035178,48.370878],[-117.032351,48.999188],[-114.375977,49.00139],[-113.692982,48.997632],[-111.500812,48.996963],[-109.454023,49.001132],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-104.048054,48.500025],[-104.041662,47.862282],[-104.046822,46.000199],[-104.039977,45.124988],[-104.040128,44.999987],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.052583,42.650062],[-104.053249,41.001406],[-105.730421,40.996886],[-107.000606,41.003444],[-109.050076,41.000659]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Idaho\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Black, Aaron","contributorId":288737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Black","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beard, Zach","contributorId":288738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beard","given":"Zach","affiliations":[{"id":12922,"text":"Arizona Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flinders, Jon","contributorId":288739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flinders","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36224,"text":"Idaho Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":207142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70229784,"text":"70229784 - 2021 - Relative effectiveness of D-Frame dip nets, quatrefoil light traps, and towed ichthyoplankton nets for larval Muskellunge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-17T16:01:01.725567","indexId":"70229784","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T10:55:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative effectiveness of D-Frame dip nets, quatrefoil light traps, and towed ichthyoplankton nets for larval Muskellunge","docAbstract":"Muskellunge Esox masquinongy are large, predatory game fish whose association with shallow, complex habitats is well documented, particularly during early life stages. Despite this association, relatively little guidance exists regarding effective sampling of Muskellunge larvae and previous efforts to sample larval Muskellunge have been met with limited success. Therefore, our objective was to determine the relative effectiveness of three sampling gears for capturing naturally produced Muskellunge larvae. Larvae were sampled during 2019 and 2020 at known Muskellunge spawning locations in Snipe Lake, Wisconsin, with D-frame dip nets (1,000-µm mesh), quatrefoil light traps, and towed ichthyoplankton nets (1,000-µm mesh). Sixty larval Muskellunge were captured across all gears, and catches in D-frame dip nets comprised nearly 87% (52 of 60) of the total catch. Furthermore, D-frame dip nets captured the broadest size range of larval Muskellunge (TL range = 14–33 mm). Greater effectiveness of D-frame dip nets in comparison with other gears is likely related to their ability to be used in and around structurally complex habitats without fouling or clogging. Our results suggest that D-frame dip nets should be considered as a cost- and time-effective tool for targeting larval Muskellunge in complex habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10645","usgsCitation":"Krebs, J.E., Brandt, E.J., Dembkowski, D., and Isermann, D.A., 2021, Relative effectiveness of D-Frame dip nets, quatrefoil light traps, and towed ichthyoplankton nets for larval Muskellunge: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 41, no. 5, p. 1334-1340, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10645.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1334","endPage":"1340","ipdsId":"IP-127097","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Vilas County","otherGeospatial":"Snipe Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.37807083129883,\n 45.934736460184986\n ],\n [\n -89.34966087341309,\n 45.934736460184986\n ],\n [\n -89.34966087341309,\n 45.944465613675035\n ],\n [\n -89.37807083129883,\n 45.944465613675035\n ],\n [\n -89.37807083129883,\n 45.934736460184986\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krebs, Jared E.","contributorId":288746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krebs","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17717,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Ethan J.","contributorId":288747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandt","given":"Ethan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17717,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dembkowski, Daniel J.","contributorId":288749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dembkowski","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[{"id":17717,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Isermann, Daniel A. 0000-0003-1151-9097 disermann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-9097","contributorId":5167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isermann","given":"Daniel","email":"disermann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70221868,"text":"70221868 - 2021 - Evaluating establishment of conservation practices in the Conservation Reserve Program across the central and western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-13T10:06:24.522759","indexId":"70221868","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T10:53:31","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating establishment of conservation practices in the Conservation Reserve Program across the central and western United States","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is one of the largest private lands conservation programs in the United States, establishing perennial vegetation on environmentally sensitive lands formerly in agricultural production. Over its 35 year existence, the CRP has evolved to include diverse conservation practices (CPs) while concomitantly meeting its core goals of reducing soil erosion, improving water quality, and providing wildlife habitat. Ongoing threats to grasslands and decreased CRP acreage highlighted the need for a national evaluation of the effectiveness in providing the program's intended benefits. To address this need, we conducted edge-of-field surveys of erosional features, vegetation, and soil cover on 1 786 fields across 10 CPs and 14 central and western states from 2016 to 2018. We grouped practices into three types (grassland, wetland, and wildlife) and states into six regions for analysis. Across practice types, ≥99% of fields had no evidence of rills, gullies, or pedestaling from erosion, and 91% of fields had <20% bare soil cover, with region being the strongest predictor of bare soil cover. Seventy-nine percent of fields had ≥50% grass cover, with cover differing by practice type and region. Native grass species were present on more fields in wildlife and wetland practices compared to grassland practices. Forb cover >50% and native forb presence occurred most frequently in wildlife practices, with region being the strongest driver of differences. Federally listed noxious grass and forb species occurred on 23% and 61% of fields, respectively, but tended to constitute a small portion of cover in the field. Estimates from edge-of-field surveys and in-field validation sampling were strongly correlated, demonstrating the utility of the edge-of-field surveys. Our results provide the first national-level assessment of CRP establishment in three decades, confirming that enrolled wildlife and wetland practices often have diverse perennial vegetation cover and very few erosional features.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ac06f8","usgsCitation":"Vandever, M.W., Carter, S.K., Assal, T.J., Elgersma, K., Wen, A., Welty, J.L., Arkle, R.S., and Iovanna, R., 2021, Evaluating establishment of conservation practices in the Conservation Reserve Program across the central and western United States: Environmental Research Letters, v. 16, 074011, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac06f8.","productDescription":"074011, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122262","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451746,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac06f8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XCC65W","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Presence of erosional features and cover of grasses, forbs, and bare ground on fields enrolled in grassland, wetland, and wildlife practices of the Conservation Reserve Program in the central and western United States from 2016 to 2018"},{"id":387123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Iowa, Idaho, Kansas, Missouri, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-117.032351,48.999188],[-95.153711,48.998903],[-95.153314,49.384358],[-94.878454,49.333193],[-94.640803,48.741171],[-93.818375,48.534442],[-92.984963,48.623731],[-92.634931,48.542873],[-92.698824,48.494892],[-92.341207,48.23248],[-92.066269,48.359602],[-91.542512,48.053268],[-90.88548,48.245784],[-90.703702,48.096009],[-89.489226,48.014528],[-90.735927,47.624343],[-92.058888,46.809938],[-92.025789,46.710839],[-92.189091,46.717541],[-92.291976,46.503997],[-92.33859,46.050111],[-92.707702,45.894901],[-92.887929,45.639006],[-92.646602,45.441635],[-92.807362,44.758909],[-91.351688,43.914545],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.174692,43.038713],[-91.05481,42.744686],[-90.720209,42.640758],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.364128,41.579633],[-91.050328,41.400049],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-90.955201,40.986805],[-91.154293,40.653596],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.494878,40.036453],[-91.369953,39.745042],[-90.721593,39.23273],[-90.653164,38.916141],[-90.113327,38.849306],[-90.367013,38.250054],[-89.952499,37.883218],[-89.516685,37.692762],[-89.438275,37.161287],[-89.102879,36.9697],[-89.168723,36.671892],[-89.429311,36.481875],[-89.55264,36.577178],[-89.527029,36.341679],[-89.703511,36.243412],[-89.615128,36.113816],[-89.733095,36.000608],[-90.368718,35.995812],[-90.075934,36.281485],[-90.157136,36.484317],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.431822,35.397652],[-94.485528,33.663388],[-94.386086,33.544923],[-94.070395,33.574561],[-94.0427,32.056012],[-93.523248,31.037842],[-93.765822,30.333318],[-93.702436,30.112721],[-93.922744,29.818808],[-93.852868,29.675885],[-94.731047,29.369141],[-94.532348,29.5178],[-94.767246,29.525523],[-94.724616,29.774766],[-94.965963,29.70033],[-94.894234,29.338],[-95.16525,29.113566],[-94.73132,29.338066],[-94.803695,29.279237],[-96.341617,28.417334],[-95.983106,28.641942],[-96.221784,28.580364],[-96.287942,28.683164],[-96.473694,28.57324],[-96.664534,28.696904],[-96.481836,28.407844],[-96.790235,28.383926],[-96.898123,28.152881],[-97.21535,28.076575],[-97.040618,28.028708],[-97.183455,27.833231],[-97.354614,27.849572],[-97.296598,27.613947],[-97.399398,27.344735],[-97.640111,27.270943],[-97.485149,27.250841],[-97.552325,26.867633],[-97.145567,25.971132],[-97.36542,25.849826],[-99.110855,26.426278],[-99.452316,27.062669],[-99.556812,27.614336],[-99.841708,27.766464],[-100.280518,28.267969],[-100.785521,29.228137],[-101.441059,29.753451],[-102.341033,29.869305],[-102.698347,29.695591],[-103.107811,29.013812],[-103.427754,29.042334],[-104.46652,29.609296],[-104.924796,30.604832],[-106.158218,31.438885],[-106.381039,31.73211],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-117.118868,32.534706],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-119.159554,34.119653],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-120.441975,34.451512],[-120.608355,34.556656],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.873046,35.225688],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.880167,36.950151],[-122.140578,36.97495],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.511983,37.77113],[-122.425942,37.810979],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.144396,37.581866],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.484411,38.11496],[-122.492474,37.82484],[-122.972378,38.020247],[-123.103706,38.415541],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.536073,42.814175],[-124.150267,43.91085],[-123.962887,45.280218],[-123.996766,46.20399],[-123.548194,46.248245],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.06842,46.601397],[-123.97083,46.47537],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-124.022413,46.708973],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.637425,47.889945],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.364168,47.335953],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.425572,48.232887],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.424102,48.334346],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.796887,48.975026],[-117.032351,48.999188]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.795938,33.962929],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.32446,33.348782],[-118.593969,33.467198],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-97.240849,26.411504],[-97.383531,26.875521],[-97.366771,27.333276],[-96.946988,28.026522],[-96.403206,28.371475],[-96.929053,27.99044],[-97.276091,27.472145],[-97.370731,26.909706],[-97.161471,26.088705],[-97.240849,26.411504]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.400628,48.036563],[-122.419274,47.912125],[-122.744612,48.20965],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.883759,48.418793],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.800217,48.60169]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandever, Mark W. 0000-0003-0247-2629 vandeverm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-2629","contributorId":197674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"Mark","email":"vandeverm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Assal, Timothy J. 0000-0001-6342-2954","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2954","contributorId":258157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Assal","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":18142,"text":"Kent State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Elgersma, Kenneth 0000-0001-9012-8590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-8590","contributorId":260896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elgersma","given":"Kenneth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34268,"text":"University of Northern Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wen, Ai","contributorId":260897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wen","given":"Ai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34268,"text":"University of Northern Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Welty, Justin L. 0000-0001-7829-7324 jwelty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-7324","contributorId":4206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welty","given":"Justin","email":"jwelty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arkle, Robert S. 0000-0003-3021-1389","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-1389","contributorId":218006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkle","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Iovanna, Rich","contributorId":207528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iovanna","given":"Rich","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70237289,"text":"70237289 - 2021 - Review: “Jacob’s Zoo”— How using Jacob’s method for aquifer testing leads to more intuitive understanding of aquifer characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T14:28:43.014932","indexId":"70237289","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T09:25:53","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review: “Jacob’s Zoo”— How using Jacob’s method for aquifer testing leads to more intuitive understanding of aquifer characteristics","docAbstract":"The interpretation of aquifer responses to pumping tests is an important tool for assessing aquifer geometry and properties, which are critical in the assessment of water resources or in environmental remediation. However, the responses of aquifers, measured by time-drawdown relationships in monitoring wells, are nonunique solutions that are affected by many factors. Jacob’s Zoo is a collection of graphical interpretations that allows students and practitioners to develop an intuitive feel for how natural hydrogeological systems work, and develop a set of skills that provide a better understanding of aquifer properties far beyond interpretation of pumping tests. Jacob’s Zoo, based on the work of Jacob (1950), fosters a deeper understanding, although few practitioners realize the full utility of the method. Jacob CE (1950) Flow of groundwater, In: Rouse H (ed) Engineering Hydraulics, Wiley, New York. P 321–386.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-021-02363-7","usgsCitation":"Pfannkuch, H., Mooers, H.D., Siegel, D.I., Quinn, J.J., Rosenberry, D.O., and Alexander, S.C., 2021, Review: “Jacob’s Zoo”— How using Jacob’s method for aquifer testing leads to more intuitive understanding of aquifer characteristics: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 29, p. 2001-2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-021-02363-7.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2001","endPage":"2015","ipdsId":"IP-121619","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1863219","text":"External Repository"},{"id":408034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pfannkuch, Hans-Olaf","contributorId":297386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfannkuch","given":"Hans-Olaf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64391,"text":"University of Minnesota - Emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooers, Howard D. 0000-0001-7160-1135","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7160-1135","contributorId":297387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mooers","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":18006,"text":"University of Minnesota Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siegel, Donald I.","contributorId":178130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siegel","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quinn, John J.","contributorId":297388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17946,"text":"Argonne National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alexander, Scott C.","contributorId":173842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":854013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70221694,"text":"70221694 - 2021 - Local fruit availability and en route wind conditions are poor predictors of bird abundance and composition during fall migration in coastal Yucatán Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-06T14:57:58.320227","indexId":"70221694","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T09:07:44","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7509,"text":"The Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local fruit availability and en route wind conditions are poor predictors of bird abundance and composition during fall migration in coastal Yucatán Peninsula","docAbstract":"In migratory stopover habitats, bird abundance and composition change on a near daily basis. On any given day, the local bird community should reflect local environmental conditions but also the environments that birds encountered previously along their migratory route. For example, during fall migration, the coast of the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico receives birds that have just crossed the Gulf of Mexico and their abundance and composition may be associated with regional factors such as wind conditions experienced on previous dates. Other factors, such as local fruit availability, may also influence daily variation in bird abundance and composition. Using mist net data from 2 coastal national parks in the Yucatán Peninsula during fall migration in 2016 and 2017, we did not find a strong association between daily changes in bird abundance or community composition with wind conditions and ripe fruit availability. Thus, despite wind and fruit being known to be important to individual birds (influencing stopover duration and departure decisions), their effects might not scale up to be drivers of population and community level variation. On the other hand, we found that the 2 sites shared only about half of their species and those shared species had different temporal abundance patterns at each site. Site and year differences in temporal patterns of migration might arise because populations of the same species are on different migration routes and schedules. While bird arrival is not timed to hit peaks in fruit production in our study sites, whether bird–resource mismatch is a general characteristic of tropical coastal stopover habitats requires further research. If birds on migration have adapted to seasonal variation in food availability, they might be equipped to deal with the additional variability in food supply that is expected to occur with climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/19-00131","usgsCitation":"Feldman, R., Celis-Murillo, A., Deppe, J.L., and Dorantes-Euan, A., 2021, Local fruit availability and en route wind conditions are poor predictors of bird abundance and composition during fall migration in coastal Yucatán Peninsula: The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 132, no. 4, p. 850-867, https://doi.org/10.1676/19-00131.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"850","endPage":"867","ipdsId":"IP-111815","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":386849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Yucatan Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 18.417078658661257\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 20.076570104545173\n ],\n [\n -86.77001953125,\n 21.14599216495789\n ],\n [\n -86.94580078125,\n 21.616579336740603\n ],\n [\n -88.87939453125,\n 21.596150576461426\n ],\n [\n -90.10986328125,\n 21.289374355860424\n ],\n [\n -90.8349609375,\n 20.427012814257385\n ],\n [\n -91.34033203125,\n 18.8543103618898\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 18.417078658661257\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feldman, Richard E","contributorId":260664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feldman","given":"Richard E","affiliations":[{"id":52633,"text":"Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan Merida, Yucatan MEXICO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Celis-Murillo, Antonio 0000-0002-3371-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-6529","contributorId":237851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celis-Murillo","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deppe, Jill L.","contributorId":173619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deppe","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":27256,"text":"Dept of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dorantes-Euan, Alfredo","contributorId":260665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorantes-Euan","given":"Alfredo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52633,"text":"Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan Merida, Yucatan MEXICO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70244310,"text":"70244310 - 2021 - Preliminary estimates of sequoia mortality in the 2020 Castle Fire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-13T13:47:09.869489","indexId":"70244310","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T08:39:13","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Preliminary estimates of sequoia mortality in the 2020 Castle Fire","docAbstract":"Although some of California’s giant sequoia trees have stood for thousands of years and are adapted to withstand frequent low and mixed severity fires (Stephenson 1996), preliminary estimates suggest that the 2020 Castle Fire killed between 31% to 42% of large sequoias within the Castle Fire footprint, or 10% to 14% of all large sequoias across the tree’s natural range in the Sierra Nevada. This translates to an estimated loss of 7,500 to 10,600 large sequoias (those with trunk diameters of 4 feet or more). These estimates may change as new data are collected.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, N.L., and Brigham, C., 2021, Preliminary estimates of sequoia mortality in the 2020 Castle Fire, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-130770","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":418040,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/preliminary-estimates-of-sequoia-mortality-in-the-2020-castle-fire.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Castle Fire area, Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.08163897888238,\n 36.78036660961351\n ],\n [\n -119.08163897888238,\n 36.15082852322985\n ],\n [\n -118.37364517679136,\n 36.15082852322985\n ],\n [\n -118.37364517679136,\n 36.78036660961351\n ],\n [\n -119.08163897888238,\n 36.78036660961351\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brigham, Christy","contributorId":306268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brigham","given":"Christy","affiliations":[{"id":66392,"text":"National Park Service, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70223131,"text":"70223131 - 2021 - Maintenance of nest quality in Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae: An additional benefit to life in the center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-12T13:15:43.236439","indexId":"70223131","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T08:13:16","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Maintenance of nest quality in Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae: An additional benefit to life in the center","docAbstract":"In colonial seabirds, differences in the nesting or fledging success have been associated with differences in nest position within the breeding aggregation (subcolony): less successful nests are located on the periphery, with more successful nests closer to the center. For Pygoscelid penguins, central nests tend to be larger, with nest size being an indicator of individual quality because stones must be gathered singly, so more stones reflect more individual effort. Competition for nest materials, including the collection of materials from another’s nest, has also frequently been described in penguins and other colonial seabirds. We used the data collected during the incubation stage from a total of 20 subcolonies at two separate breeding colonies of Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) on Ross Island (Antarctica) to test the influence of nest position on breeding success. We also investigated how competition for nest stones could occur at different intensities depending on size of the subcolony, nest position, and quality within a subcolony. We found that peripheral nests experienced lower breeding success and higher number of individuals attempting to remove stones with higher removal success rates than from nests toward the center. The higher costs associated with maintaining and defending nests that incur higher removal pressure could be an additional factor involved in the lower breeding success of peripheral nests.
Landslide detection and warning systems are important tools for mitigation of potential hazards in landslide prone areas. Traditionally, warning systems for shallow landslides have been informed by rainfall intensity-duration thresholds. More recent advances have introduced the concept of hydrometeorological thresholds that are informed not only by rainfall, but also by subsurface hydrological measurements. Previously, hydrometeorological thresholds have been shown to improve capabilities for forecasting shallow landslides, and they may ultimately be adapted to more generalized landslide forecasting. We present HydroMet, a code developed in Python by the U.S. Geological Survey, which allows users to guide the automated estimation of hydrometeorological thresholds for a site or area of interest, with the flexibility to select preferred threshold variables for the antecedent hydrologic conditions and the triggering meteorological conditions. Users can import hydrologic time-series data, including rainfall, soil-water content, and pore-water pressure, along with the times of known landslide occurrences, and then conduct objective optimization of warning thresholds using receiver operating characteristics. HydroMet presents many additional options, including selecting the threshold formula, the timescale of possible threshold variables, and the skill statistics used for optimization. Users can develop dual-stage thresholds for watch and warning alerts, with a lower, risk-averse threshold to avoid missed alarms and a less conservative threshold to minimize false alarms. Users may also choose to split their inventory data into calibration and evaluation subsets to independently evaluate the performance of optimized thresholds. We present output and applications of HydroMet using monitoring data from landslide-prone areas in the U.S. to demonstrate its utility and ability to produce thresholds with limited missed and false alarms for informing the next generation of reliable landslide warning systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w13131752","usgsCitation":"Conrad, J.L., Morphew, M.D., Baum, R.L., and Mirus, B.B., 2021, HydroMet: A new code for automated objective optimization of hydrometeorological thresholds for landslide initiation: Water, v. 13, no. 3, 1752, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131752.","productDescription":"1752, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129944","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131752","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrad, Jacob L. 0000-0001-8112-5355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8112-5355","contributorId":260658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morphew, Michael D. 0000-0003-0072-1652","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0072-1652","contributorId":207959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morphew","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37668,"text":"USGS, Student- Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70229496,"text":"70229496 - 2021 - Long-term African dust delivery to the eastern Atlantic Ocean from the Sahara and Sahel regions: Evidence from Quaternary paleosols on the Canary Islands, Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-09T12:51:18.585777","indexId":"70229496","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-25T06:48:58","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term African dust delivery to the eastern Atlantic Ocean from the Sahara and Sahel regions: Evidence from Quaternary paleosols on the Canary Islands, Spain","docAbstract":"Africa is the most important source of dust in the world today and dust storms from that continent frequently deposit sediment on the nearby Canary Islands. Many investigators have inferred African dust inputs to Canary Islands paleosols based only on the presence of quartz. However, some local rocks do contain this mineral, so quartz alone is insufficient proof of dust deposition. Further, it is not known whether the Sahara Desert or the Sahel region is more important as a dust source. We address these issues by study of sequences of Pleistocene aeolian sands on the islands of Lanzarote and Fuerteventura. Aeolian sands are composed mostly of marine carbonate minerals and locally derived volcanic minerals. They date from the early-middle Pleistocene to the Holocene. Trace element geochemistry shows that the soils formed from both locally derived basalt and African dust. Major element geochemistry and clay mineralogy indicate that dust additions to the Canary Islands likely come from both the Sahara and Sahel. Dust delivered from the Sahel indicates that droughts in that region have had a history extending through much of the Quaternary. Accretionary-inflationary profile development, from dust accretion, is evident in the upward growth of Canary Islands paleosols.
Geochemical data are presented for more than 1,500 archived stream-sediment samples and accompanying quality control samples. The archived sediments were reanalyzed to improve the stream geochemical dataset for Alaska and to support ongoing U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) studies. Sediment samples were primarily from the USGS Mineral Resources Program’s sample archive in Denver, Colorado, but a few were from the Alaska Geological & Geophysical Surveys’ Geologic Materials Center in Anchorage, Alaska. All samples were submitted to the USGS contract laboratory, AGAT Laboratories, for analysis. All samples were analyzed using a 60-element analytical method involving fusion of the sample by sodium peroxide, dissolution of the fusion cake by nitric acid, and elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy. Additionally, 106 samples from the Nixon Fork area were analyzed by a second multi-element method involving decomposition by a mixture of hydrochloric, nitric, perchloric, and hydrofluoric acids and the elemental analysis of the resulting solution by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy. The latter method was used because the detection limit is lower for several elements including As, Cd, Pb, and Sb. Mercury concentrations in 296 samples from southeast Alaska were determined using a cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometry method. The concentration data from the archived samples are presented along with concentration data from the standard reference material that was submitted with the samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211058","usgsCitation":"Wang, B., Case, G.N.D., Granitto, M., Labay, K.A., Shew, N.B., Ingraham, A.D., Bueghly, Z.C., Azain, J.S., Karl, S.M., and Kelley, K.D., 2021, Chemical analysis of archived stream-sediment samples, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1058, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211058.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 13 p.; 2 Tables; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-118502","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386720,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1058/ofr20211058_table1.2.csv","text":"Table 1.2","size":"87 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"OFR 2021-1058 table 1.2"},{"id":386719,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1058/ofr20211058_table1.1.csv","text":"Table 1.1","size":"691 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"OFR 2021-1058 table 1.1"},{"id":386718,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1058/ofr20211058.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2021-1058"},{"id":386717,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1058/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":386721,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FR1D6Y","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release.","linkHelpText":"Data from the chemical analysis of archived stream-sediment samples, Alaska."}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146],[-141.064453125,69.80172356231073],[-141.767578125,69.96043926902489],[-142.734375,70.1478274118401],[-143.26171875,70.25945200030638],[-144.99755859375,70.1925497583889],[-146.14013671875,70.21487465331137],[-147.43652343749997,70.32613725493573],[-148.40332031249997,70.51024068514326],[-149.47998046875,70.63448406630856],[-149.85351562499997,70.63448406630856],[-150.64453125,70.59802116106809],[-151.611328125,70.61261423801925],[-151.8310546875,70.7724429742589],[-152.02880859375,70.90226826757711],[-152.666015625,71.0098110139634],[-153.52294921875,71.05979781529196],[-154.31396484375,70.95969716686398],[-154.70947265625,71.20191973293133],[-155.41259765625,71.3219146980122],[-156.46728515625,71.45515260247822],[-157.10449218749997,71.34301347171373],[-157.58789062499997,71.21607526596131],[-157.91748046875,70.99550574822297],[-158.62060546875,70.9883492241249],[-159.30175781249997,70.98119010476937],[-159.98291015625,70.94535555009823],[-160.51025390625,70.73622993891799],[-160.90576171875,70.58341752317065],[-161.5869140625,70.45150843439349],[-161.78466796875,70.45885925640687],[-162.5537109375,70.34092679475283],[-163.05908203125,70.09552886456429],[-163.388671875,69.81689109911446],[-163.564453125,69.51914693717981],[-164.02587890625,69.15474044269264],[-164.90478515625,69.03714171275197],[-165.69580078124997,68.97416358340674],[-166.26708984375,69.01354605132325],[-166.376953125,68.80004113882613],[-166.66259765624997,68.5443150407769],[-167.1240234375,68.39918004344189],[-166.61865234375,68.17155518732503],[-166.5087890625,67.99110834539984],[-165.87158203125,67.8672645403614],[-164.61914062499997,67.47492238478702],[-164.24560546874997,67.23806155909902],[-164.091796875,67.02458758377148],[-163.10302734375,66.87834504307976],[-163.05908203125,66.73990169639414],[-162.66357421875,66.58321725728175],[-162.333984375,66.48697584176404],[-162.3779296875,66.34632215978135],[-163.2568359375,66.31103501145373],[-163.19091796875,66.55700652350038],[-163.76220703124997,66.73990169639414],[-164.46533203125,66.69647781801481],[-165.30029296875,66.55700652350038],[-166.1572265625,66.41674787052298],[-166.9482421875,66.24916310923315],[-167.3876953125,66.01801815922045],[-168.42041015625,65.56754970214311],[-168.02490234375,65.33017791526855],[-167.45361328125,65.18303007291382],[-166.9921875,64.86760781632728],[-166.7724609375,64.49172504435471],[-165.69580078124997,64.24459476798195],[-164.59716796875,64.29229248039543],[-164.13574218749997,64.26368374017731],[-163.49853515625,64.18724867664994],[-162.5537109375,64.27322328178595],[-161.82861328124997,64.24459476798195],[-161.52099609375,63.93737246791484],[-163.125,63.68524808030715],[-163.93798828125,63.41119772365924],[-164.5751953125,63.32254947641308],[-165.41015625,63.15435519659187],[-165.78369140625,62.75472592723178],[-166.26708984375,62.42090322195164],[-166.5966796875,62.155240711732425],[-166.48681640625,61.616843178481375],[-166.2451171875,61.23853141060282],[-165.849609375,60.8663124746226],[-166.5966796875,60.56537850464181],[-167.34375,60.468050120874615],[-167.80517578125,60.20707506634915],[-167.8271484375,60.09771842541544],[-167.89306640624997,59.93300042374631],[-167.03613281249997,59.712097173322924],[-166.640625,59.61221219518693],[-165.95947265624997,59.60109549032134],[-165.47607421874997,59.74532608213611],[-165.10253906249997,59.95501026206206],[-164.794921875,59.987997631212224],[-164.72900390624997,59.7563950493563],[-164.46533203125,59.54545678424146],[-163.8720703125,59.54545678424146],[-163.14697265625,59.60109549032134],[-162.26806640625,59.62332522313024],[-162.20214843749997,59.17592824927136],[-162.35595703125,58.81374171570782],[-162.57568359375,58.6769376725869],[-162.09228515625,58.39019698411526],[-161.455078125,58.39019698411526],[-160.68603515625,58.44773280389084],[-160.1806640625,58.516651799363785],[-159.71923828125,58.58543569119917],[-159.43359375,58.47072082411973],[-159.08203125,58.33256713195789],[-158.55468749999997,58.286395482881034],[-158.44482421874997,58.619777025081675],[-157.60986328125,58.52812515905843],[-158.00537109375,58.00809779306888],[-158.48876953125,57.468589192089354],[-159.49951171875,56.84897198026975],[-161.0595703125,56.389583525613055],[-164.9267578125,54.97761367069628],[-165.9814453125,54.470037612805754],[-168.55224609375,53.73571574532637],[-173.232421875,52.92215137976296],[-175.62744140624997,52.3755991766591],[-177.86865234375,52.13348804077147],[-178.9453125,50.98609893339354],[-178.00048828125,51.440312757160115],[-176.8359375,51.467696956223364],[-175.36376953125,51.7406361640977],[-171.826171875,52.119998657638156],[-167.62939453124997,52.9883372533954],[-166.728515625,53.186287573913305],[-165.9375,53.553362785528094],[-165.30029296875,53.76170183021049],[-164.3115234375,54.149567212540525],[-163.89404296875,54.29088164657006],[-163.3447265625,54.18815548107151],[-162.26806640625,54.07228265560388],[-162.09228515625,54.3549556895541],[-161.89453125,54.7246201949245],[-161.0595703125,54.80068486732233],[-160.400390625,54.67383096593114],[-159.19189453125,54.61025498157912],[-159.14794921875,55.07836723201515],[-158.79638671875,55.429013452407396],[-157.58789062499997,55.825973254619015],[-155.7421875,55.541064956111036],[-154.62158203125,56.01066647040695],[-153.47900390625,56.43820369358165],[-151.45751953125,57.397624055000456],[-151.4794921875,58.07787626787517],[-151.45751953125,58.75680543225761],[-149.74365234374997,59.38917842312835],[-148.51318359375,59.63443457494949],[-146.689453125,59.355596110016315],[-144.51416015625,59.75086102411168],[-144.3109130859375,59.87239799228177],[-143.8330078125,59.968758992382334],[-143.0694580078125,60.031929699115615],[-141.5533447265625,59.842055288480076],[-140.9051513671875,59.68160832698723],[-140.020751953125,59.478568831926395],[-139.1693115234375,59.234986238722],[-138.82873535156247,59.09138238455909],[-138.3233642578125,58.96983560365735],[-138.1146240234375,58.862064179600374],[-138.076171875,58.722598828043374],[-136.9775390625,58.19387126497797],[-136.56005859375,57.7862326105289],[-135.966796875,57.33838126552897],[-136.03271484375,57.052681978717494],[-135.81298828125,56.92099675839107],[-134.571533203125,55.8845546603819],[-134.2034912109375,55.56592203025787],[-133.8958740234375,55.263468250921285],[-133.7530517578125,55.06264118216743],[-133.6102294921875,54.64523407607479],[-133.2421875,54.635697306063854],[-130.6171417236328,54.70637513489091],[-130.62950134277344,54.72422365048395],[-130.62606811523438,54.73651472417763],[-130.65765380859375,54.762274228176494],[-130.62950134277344,54.78247406031503],[-130.5663299560547,54.79237225560392],[-130.49697875976562,54.82877675365454],[-130.42282104492188,54.87423625974835],[-130.34591674804688,54.91569803760518],[-130.27244567871094,54.97288463122321],[-130.18661499023438,55.062247951730015],[-130.18043518066406,55.091729515360875],[-130.15090942382812,55.12393783348962],[-130.14747619628906,55.14160209881279],[-130.10284423828125,55.19219635238084],[-129.97169494628906,55.28146181651345],[-129.97581481933594,55.30022902025666],[-130.02044677734375,55.33890835596374],[-130.0396728515625,55.45043679812318],[-130.0884246826172,55.496749338303694],[-130.12825012207028,55.58144971869657],[-130.10971069335938,55.68223010941079],[-130.14816284179688,55.71473455012689],[-130.15296936035156,55.7649857705176],[-130.12550354003906,55.80475427021683],[-130.0843048095703,55.82134464477078],[-130.00465393066406,55.90573012454021],[-130.00465393066406,55.9130425993163],[-130.0190734863281,55.912657766599715],[-130.00259399414062,56.00605986001467],[-130.10421752929688,56.12297419573329],[-130.24635314941406,56.09693875609652],[-130.3479766845703,56.12794955397159],[-130.42556762695312,56.14134155069025],[-130.4674530029297,56.24373146827144],[-130.55740356445312,56.249454174583384],[-130.5677032470703,56.25479459547735],[-130.62400817871094,56.2685236855868],[-130.78262329101562,56.36715174252849],[-131.08612060546875,56.40668363558357],[-131.16989135742188,56.44883107459549],[-131.473388671875,56.551913918713375],[-131.58119201660156,56.61204220477141],[-131.8352508544922,56.59843662755775],[-131.85997009277344,56.702620872371355],[-131.89979553222656,56.75347577609789],[-131.87232971191406,56.805765643008264],[-132.12432861328122,56.87374615531272],[-132.0467376708984,57.04521234171931],[-132.3687744140625,57.09149987857074],[-132.2472381591797,57.211056900559335],[-132.3680877685547,57.347273783306676],[-132.55210876464844,57.49516565182901],[-132.65853881835938,57.61562391374733],[-132.75466918945312,57.69680911844304],[-132.8693389892578,57.83853792318956],[-133.06983947753906,58.00082136594698],[-133.17283630371094,58.15404059343076],[-133.34518432617188,58.27628739957773],[-133.45985412597656,58.38731772556939],[-133.37608337402344,58.430481925680034],[-133.70567321777344,58.611194853078764],[-133.83956909179685,58.730440812979516],[-134.25979614257812,58.861354043320055],[-134.3360137939453,58.92414471817596],[-134.3140411376953,58.962755708753306],[-134.4060516357422,58.978683427688686],[-134.38133239746094,59.03878841190553],[-134.44656372070312,59.08820785301446],[-134.48501586914062,59.13121539881386],[-134.56329345703125,59.130510792073984],[-134.67933654785156,59.191757369765085],[-134.70130920410156,59.24973478117606],[-134.95742797851562,59.279914277804906],[-135.02883911132812,59.34649517787861],[-134.9897003173828,59.3877798237848],[-135.10093688964844,59.42622028594434],[-135.07827758789062,59.45275367774563],[-135.0274658203125,59.47473269180728],[-135.03021240234375,59.564245132658975],[-135.11810302734372,59.62367244601488],[-135.15586853027344,59.625061301654334],[-135.2190399169922,59.6632323288228],[-135.23345947265625,59.69650975428769],[-135.252685546875,59.69789559656873],[-135.36048889160156,59.73598378851403],[-135.4779052734375,59.79821644465919],[-135.94894409179688,59.6632323288228],[-136.1927032470703,59.63998787256213],[-136.34788513183594,59.60109549032134],[-136.25038146972656,59.56633207991906],[-136.24076843261716,59.55972296971678],[-136.24076843261716,59.52387204745182],[-136.3066864013672,59.46461714320982],[-136.36642456054688,59.4496126517294],[-136.47628784179688,59.46566371970234],[-136.46804809570312,59.28552611855346],[-136.49620056152344,59.27465233689575],[-136.4900207519531,59.26096748461385],[-136.5840911865234,59.166075318301345],[-136.8285369873047,59.16009179641602],[-136.8793487548828,59.13544273484683],[-137.28240966796875,59.0009698708429],[-137.449951171875,58.908900972391415],[-137.52548217773438,58.906418795609426],[-137.5000762939453,58.985760051467075],[-137.54127502441406,59.10478272378236],[-137.60787963867188,59.24376590151355],[-138.62617492675778,59.76746035005358],[-138.66600036621094,59.80961318716828],[-138.6797332763672,59.84481485969105],[-138.70582580566406,59.90650046741583],[-139.05258178710938,59.994179105518434],[-139.19952392578125,60.08950200748712],[-139.0711212158203,60.3187885497516],[-139.07386779785156,60.35243208301854],[-139.69253540039062,60.33544473468298],[-139.97955322265625,60.181818669034776],[-140.4595184326172,60.30858669066228],[-140.5199432373047,60.22003701633967],[-141.00128173828125,60.3058656567224],[-141.0007667541504,69.64681951728146]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579],[-173.155517578125,60.69469537287745],[-173.15277099609375,60.64356945377967],[-173.08135986328125,60.61123754937553],[-173.04016113281247,60.58157148491742],[-173.08135986328125,60.53972302275651],[-173.089599609375,60.511343283202464],[-173.05938720703125,60.4788788301667],[-172.98248291015625,60.468050120874615],[-172.94677734374997,60.43689744859958],[-172.8424072265625,60.403001945865476],[-172.78472900390625,60.373144671593685],[-172.7105712890625,60.329667021005825],[-172.6611328125,60.3187885497516],[-172.5897216796875,60.309266913738156],[-172.49908447265625,60.31606836555203],[-172.4139404296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.35076904296875,60.3187885497516],[-172.30682373046872,60.29021531318375],[-172.2381591796875,60.29021531318375],[-172.17498779296875,60.30518536282736],[-172.2381591796875,60.333745513303114],[-172.34527587890625,60.378575303227215],[-172.364501953125,60.40164539086417],[-172.43041992187497,60.40571488624096],[-172.4798583984375,60.39757538658664],[-172.57598876953125,60.41249624776229],[-172.6556396484375,60.43689744859958],[-172.77374267578122,60.4788788301667],[-172.83416748046875,60.50052541051131],[-172.89459228515625,60.550527811064846],[-172.8863525390625,60.588316165776824],[-172.91656494140625,60.62606036274505],[-172.98797607421875,60.658377412327326],[-173.01544189453125,60.69469537287745],[-173.07586669921875,60.72157115165579]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385],[-171.793212890625,63.82128765261384],[-171.80419921875,63.73147780336167],[-171.8426513671875,63.65601144183318],[-171.8865966796875,63.54365806976644],[-171.859130859375,63.42594585479083],[-171.7877197265625,63.34966546248425],[-171.62841796875,63.32501562217765],[-171.474609375,63.28306240110864],[-171.353759765625,63.29540792564745],[-171.2548828125,63.33980806067484],[-171.1395263671875,63.38413977217118],[-171.002197265625,63.389061297647125],[-170.760498046875,63.34966546248425],[-170.57373046875,63.32501562217765],[-170.41992187499997,63.27812271092345],[-170.343017578125,63.1989725264735],[-170.3594970703125,63.156835740093236],[-170.2496337890625,63.156835740093236],[-170.145263671875,63.156835740093236],[-170.0408935546875,63.14194929585152],[-169.9090576171875,63.087300267152735],[-169.8321533203125,63.03753005973634],[-169.7991943359375,62.990169510232555],[-169.8101806640625,62.95522304515911],[-169.74975585937497,62.922735326966595],[-169.617919921875,62.91523303947614],[-169.54650878906247,62.9502272814474],[-169.4915771484375,62.97270150065472],[-169.508056640625,62.99765260346662],[-169.4970703125,63.04251090966805],[-169.43664550781247,63.08978654472616],[-169.34326171874997,63.11712157280328],[-169.178466796875,63.13946747896222],[-169.1070556640625,63.14443090047572],[-168.958740234375,63.104699747121074],[-168.760986328125,63.112153479825004],[-168.67309570312497,63.203925767041305],[-168.662109375,63.26576978358972],[-168.7115478515625,63.3348780927218],[-168.92578125,63.366907787681754],[-169.07958984374997,63.366907787681754],[-169.25537109375,63.37183226679281],[-169.420166015625,63.376755901872734],[-169.5245361328125,63.389061297647125],[-169.6124267578125,63.43331707559086],[-169.705810546875,63.46278300222105],[-169.8211669921875,63.46523712749102],[-169.947509765625,63.48976680530999],[-170.0079345703125,63.59011870211632],[-170.0958251953125,63.658448979940175],[-170.2386474609375,63.704722429433225],[-170.4638671875,63.73390885572919],[-170.5902099609375,63.721751503619956],[-170.7659912109375,63.6779417467744],[-171.2164306640625,63.648697570849286],[-171.474609375,63.6779417467744],[-171.54052734375,63.75334975181205],[-171.650390625,63.809167882566385]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725],[-170.3155517578125,57.043718234032625],[-170.22216796875,57.119841130872615],[-170.1947021484375,57.14518072479997],[-170.11505126953125,57.18985535714817],[-170.08209228515625,57.227042992549855],[-170.07110595703125,57.271618718194446],[-170.189208984375,57.23893512461504],[-170.2386474609375,57.22852971878346],[-170.32928466796875,57.22852971878346],[-170.3704833984375,57.22406936030381],[-170.49407958984375,57.20473490715757],[-170.41992187499997,57.12878649751151],[-170.364990234375,57.11387635258491],[-170.42266845703125,57.06910989239133],[-170.46112060546875,57.033257797376066],[-170.40618896484375,57.022794415389725]]]}},{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"properties\":{},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147],[-169.8211669921875,56.60486209416893],[-169.7991943359375,56.586716786451156],[-169.71405029296875,56.565536245992064],[-169.71405029296875,56.551913918713375],[-169.63165283203125,56.51707901932375],[-169.56024169921875,56.515563731608296],[-169.5025634765625,56.553427752820355],[-169.43115234375,56.58369172128337],[-169.43664550781247,56.626020608371924],[-169.56024169921875,56.63055303322322],[-169.6783447265625,56.62450967912138],[-169.8321533203125,56.62904228542147]]]}}]}","contact":"Director, Alaska Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Drive
Anchorage, Alaska 99508
A two-dimensional hydraulic model; water-surface profiles; and digital maps of water-surface elevation, velocities, and water depths were developed for a 6.7-mile reach of Joachim Creek within and near the city of De Soto, Missouri. Water-surface profiles were generated for the 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year recurrence interval) flows. Digital maps of water-surface elevation, water depth, and velocity were generated for the 1- and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flows. Water-surface elevations and inundation extents of generated profiles and maps were substantially lower than similar products produced for the 2019 flood-insurance study that included the study reach. The differences in water-surface elevations can be attributed to differences in input streamflows and hydraulic simulation techniques.
The water-surface elevations generated for the 1- and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flows were used to assess the vulnerability and inundation depths of 231 selected structures within the city of De Soto. Results indicate that 157 to 177 of the 231 structures were affected at the 1-percent annual exceedance probability flow, depending on the adjacent grade elevation used for reference. Between 185 and 198 structures were affected at the 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flow, depending on grade elevation. Inundation depths at the affected structures were 0.02 to 9.28 feet (ft), depending on the flow and adjacent grade reference.
Flood elevations were computed for Joachim Creek using a two-dimensional, finite-volume numerical modeling application for river hydraulics. The hydraulic model was calibrated using high-water marks from the April 18, 2013, flood and the maximum measured streamflow at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage Joachim Creek at De Soto, Mo. (station 07019500), on September 8, 2018. The calibrated model was then used to compute the hydraulic conditions associated with the 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flows. The simulated water-surface elevations and digital elevation model (derived from light detection and ranging data having a 0.60-ft vertical accuracy and a 1.97-ft horizontal resolution) were used to generate products including water-surface profiles and maps of inundated area, water depth, and velocities using model postprocessing software.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of De Soto, Missouri","usgsCitation":"Hix, K.D., Rydlund, P.H., and Heimann, D.C., 2021, Two-dimensional hydraulic analyses of Joachim Creek, De Soto, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5058, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215058.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 28 p.; Appendix; 2 Data Releases; Dataset","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-124332","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386714,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","description":"USGS dataset","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":386713,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92MQYE7","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data and model archive associated with the two-dimensional hydraulic analysis of Joachim Creek, De Soto, Missouri"},{"id":386712,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ACXXI7","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"PeakFQ software input files and selected output files for selected long-term streamgages near Jefferson County, Missouri, through water year 2019"},{"id":386711,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5058/sir20215058_table1.1.csv","text":"Table 1.1 (.csv format)","size":"18.2 kB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"SIR 2021–5058 Appendix 1.1","linkHelpText":"— Summary of water-surface elevations and depths at selected structures in the city of De Soto, Missouri, for 1- and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability streamflows"},{"id":386710,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5058/sir20215058_table1.1.xlsx","text":"Table 1.1 (.xlsx format)","size":"34.6 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2021–5058 Appendix 1.1","linkHelpText":"— Summary of water-surface elevations and depths at selected structures in the city of De Soto, Missouri, for 1- and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability streamflows"},{"id":386709,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5058/sir20215058.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5058"},{"id":386708,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5058/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Joachim Creek","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-90.3435,38.3872],[-90.3467,38.3829],[-90.3507,38.3774],[-90.3536,38.372],[-90.3565,38.367],[-90.3566,38.362],[-90.3579,38.357],[-90.3598,38.3516],[-90.3617,38.3471],[-90.3648,38.3422],[-90.3673,38.3372],[-90.3698,38.3319],[-90.3713,38.3274],[-90.3724,38.3224],[-90.3723,38.3179],[-90.3728,38.3116],[-90.3729,38.307],[-90.3727,38.3011],[-90.3731,38.288],[-90.373,38.278],[-90.37,38.269],[-90.3682,38.2622],[-90.3663,38.255],[-90.3645,38.2486],[-90.3624,38.2424],[-90.3603,38.2356],[-90.3564,38.2264],[-90.3524,38.2197],[-90.3498,38.2141],[-90.3453,38.208],[-90.3413,38.2031],[-90.3373,38.1989],[-90.3334,38.1949],[-90.3292,38.1904],[-90.3222,38.1846],[-90.3185,38.1823],[-90.3133,38.1805],[-90.3092,38.1787],[-90.3028,38.177],[-90.297,38.1751],[-90.2904,38.1725],[-90.2839,38.1689],[-90.2792,38.1652],[-90.2745,38.1604],[-90.2709,38.1559],[-90.2673,38.1501],[-90.2634,38.1441],[-90.256,38.1333],[-90.2504,38.1255],[-90.2493,38.1239],[-90.2512,38.123],[-90.2513,38.1198],[-90.2554,38.1195],[-90.259,38.115],[-90.2633,38.1096],[-90.2674,38.1088],[-90.2756,38.1094],[-90.2785,38.109],[-90.281,38.1045],[-90.287,38.0983],[-90.2925,38.0925],[-90.2972,38.0898],[-90.303,38.0922],[-90.31,38.0946],[-90.3163,38.0974],[-90.3227,38.0975],[-90.3315,38.0995],[-90.4137,38.0447],[-90.583,38.009],[-90.6279,38.0115],[-90.6278,38.0155],[-90.6243,38.0173],[-90.6132,38.018],[-90.6142,38.0235],[-90.6169,38.0308],[-90.6197,38.0372],[-90.6184,38.0417],[-90.6183,38.0471],[-90.6198,38.0553],[-90.6202,38.0608],[-90.6172,38.0639],[-90.6136,38.0684],[-90.6124,38.0724],[-90.6146,38.0765],[-90.6215,38.0794],[-90.6286,38.0786],[-90.6333,38.0773],[-90.6367,38.0801],[-90.6396,38.081],[-90.6466,38.0834],[-90.653,38.0848],[-90.6582,38.0867],[-90.6587,38.0899],[-90.6557,38.0921],[-90.6516,38.0948],[-90.6515,38.0975],[-90.6544,38.0994],[-90.6584,38.0994],[-90.6597,38.0967],[-90.6609,38.094],[-90.6633,38.0927],[-90.6668,38.0919],[-90.6797,38.0911],[-90.6838,38.0912],[-90.6844,38.0926],[-90.682,38.0948],[-90.6784,38.0975],[-90.6766,38.0992],[-90.6783,38.1024],[-90.7788,38.2077],[-90.7386,38.4184],[-90.7358,38.4832],[-90.7282,38.4821],[-90.7194,38.4811],[-90.7165,38.4802],[-90.7172,38.4734],[-90.7161,38.4729],[-90.7125,38.4733],[-90.7096,38.4751],[-90.7037,38.4763],[-90.6967,38.474],[-90.6898,38.4653],[-90.6875,38.4625],[-90.6888,38.4585],[-90.69,38.4567],[-90.6889,38.4557],[-90.6818,38.4574],[-90.68,38.4565],[-90.683,38.4543],[-90.6837,38.4511],[-90.6802,38.4497],[-90.6743,38.4505],[-90.6589,38.4571],[-90.6547,38.4598],[-90.6546,38.4638],[-90.6574,38.4698],[-90.6596,38.4734],[-90.6594,38.4811],[-90.6569,38.4883],[-90.6516,38.4905],[-90.6456,38.4927],[-90.6398,38.4922],[-90.6328,38.4884],[-90.6282,38.4847],[-90.623,38.481],[-90.6189,38.4787],[-90.6143,38.4773],[-90.6084,38.4785],[-90.6041,38.4839],[-90.5998,38.4902],[-90.5967,38.4951],[-90.5918,38.5032],[-90.5906,38.5064],[-90.4089,38.5039],[-90.406,38.5016],[-90.4061,38.4984],[-90.4079,38.4962],[-90.4075,38.4912],[-90.4052,38.4884],[-90.4083,38.4839],[-90.4119,38.4822],[-90.4125,38.4822],[-90.4137,38.4813],[-90.4154,38.4818],[-90.4201,38.4837],[-90.4218,38.4832],[-90.4224,38.4833],[-90.4224,38.4824],[-90.4214,38.4774],[-90.4215,38.4751],[-90.4159,38.4627],[-90.4102,38.4581],[-90.4067,38.4567],[-90.4026,38.4571],[-90.399,38.4593],[-90.3954,38.461],[-90.3919,38.4601],[-90.3903,38.4569],[-90.3868,38.455],[-90.3773,38.4562],[-90.3602,38.46],[-90.356,38.4617],[-90.3466,38.4616],[-90.3443,38.4606],[-90.3402,38.4592],[-90.3368,38.456],[-90.3375,38.4496],[-90.3442,38.4434],[-90.3474,38.4348],[-90.3473,38.4194],[-90.3467,38.4167],[-90.3488,38.4072],[-90.345,38.3972],[-90.3451,38.3935],[-90.3435,38.3872]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Jefferson\",\"state\":\"MO\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
Increasing demand for the limited water resources of the United States continues to put pressure on resource management agencies to balance the competing needs of ecosystem health with municipal, agricultural, and other uses. To meet these needs, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a multiyear study to evaluate water resources in the upper Rio Grande Basin in the southwestern United States. The upper Rio Grande Basin extends from south-central Colorado, through New Mexico, into west Texas near Fort Quitman, including parts of Chihuahua, Mexico. The upper Rio Grande Basin consists of a sequence of alluvial basins that formed in the Rio Grande rift approximately 30 million years ago.
This report describes the hydrogeology of the upper Rio Grande Basin and how the groundwater resources in the basin have changed from 1980 to 2015. The hydrogeologic framework includes the horizontal delineation of the alluvial basins within the upper Rio Grande Basin from the headwaters in Colorado to Fort Quitman, Texas, including part of Mexico. Groundwater-level measurements from existing State and Federal data were used to construct groundwater-level altitude and groundwater-level change maps.
Of the 2,699 wells with groundwater-level data used in this study, 1,055 wells had data for only a single 5-year period, 703 wells had data for 50 percent or more of the 35 years of the study, and only 57 wells have 5-year groundwater-level data for the entire study period. The median decline in water levels in the upper Rio Grande Basin was 0.13 foot (ft) per 5-year period, and declines were measured in 53 percent of the 703 wells that contained data for 50 percent or more of the study period. Rates of groundwater-level decline greater than 1 ft per 5-year period were measured in 17 percent of the wells, greater than 2 ft per 5-year period, in 3 percent of the wells, and greater than 3 ft per 5-year period, in 1 percent of the wells. Overall, groundwater levels rose in 6 percent of the 703 wells that contained data for 50 percent or more of the study period, and in 4 percent of the wells, groundwater levels rose by 1 ft or more per 5-year period.
Groundwater-level changes in wells with consecutive 5-year measurement periods exhibited the most variability in the Española, Middle Rio Grande, and Mesilla/Conejos-Médanos alluvial basins. The largest declines in groundwater-level altitudes in individual wells were observed in the Española alluvial basin during 1995–2000, in the Palomas alluvial basin during 2010–2015, and in the Jornada del Muerto alluvial basin during 2005–10. The largest rises in groundwater-level altitudes in individual wells were observed in the Española alluvial basin during 2005–10, in the Middle Rio Grande alluvial basin during 1995–2000, and in the Mesilla/Conejos-Médanos alluvial basin during 1980–85.
Changes in groundwater storage throughout the study period varied by alluvial basin, likely based largely on changes in groundwater withdrawals because of increased demands during drier periods and population growth. All alluvial basins except the Tularosa-Hueco alluvial basin were evaluated for changes in groundwater storage from 1980 to 2015. Extremely limited data availability in 2010–15 for the Tularosa-Hueco alluvial basin led to this 5-year period being dropped from the groundwater-level change map and storage analysis for this basin.
In the San Luis Valley in southern Colorado, efforts to reverse groundwater depletion in the unconfined aquifer recovered approximately 250,000 acre-feet in storage between late 2013 and early 2018, following the implementation of a “pay-to-pump” groundwater program. However, severe drought that persists in the upper Rio Grande Basin, particularly in southern Colorado, has undone some of the conservation efforts. Within the Española alluvial basin, groundwater storage varied because municipal demand increased the demand on groundwater resources and conservation efforts were implemented. A groundwater-flow model evaluated for the Española alluvial basin indicated declines in groundwater storage from 1947 through 1982. Groundwater storage decreased in the Española alluvial basin in 1980–85, 1985–90, 1990–95, 1995–2000, and 2005–10 and increased in 2000–05 and 2010–15 leading to groundwater storage in 2015 about even with that in 1985.
Based on gridded groundwater-level altitudes, groundwater storage decreased in the Middle Rio Grande Basin from 1980 to 2015, except for during the 1980–85, 2000–05, and 2010–15 periods with an overall cumulative storage decrease from 1980 to 2015. Groundwater-flow models evaluated for the Middle Rio Grande alluvial basin showed groundwater storage in the Middle Rio Grande alluvial basin has been reduced since the mid-1950s through the end of the study period except for a brief recovery (reduction in storage outflow) in the mid-1980s. Simulated groundwater storage has also decreased in parts of the Palomas and Mesilla/Conejos-Médanos alluvial basins, and the northern part of the Conejos-Médanos alluvial basin starting in 1995 (excluding 2005 and 2007) and in the Tularosa-Hueco alluvial basin from the early 1940s to the end of the study period. Groundwater storage increased in the Mesilla/Conejos-Médanos alluvial basin during 1980–85 and slightly during 1990–95 and then decreased in the other 5-year periods. Groundwater storage in the Tularosa-Hueco alluvial basin increased from 1985 to 1990, but otherwise decreased, leading to an overall net groundwater-level decline in this part of the basin from 1980 to 2010.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215035","programNote":"Water Availability and Use Science Program","usgsCitation":"Houston, N.A., Thomas, J.V., Foster, L.K., Pedraza, D.E., and Welborn, T.L., 2021, Hydrogeologic framework and groundwater characterization in selected alluvial basins in the upper Rio Grande basin, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas, United States, and Chihuahua, Mexico, 1980 to 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5035, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215035.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 71 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"71","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-094878","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436289,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XSJH17","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Data Collected Within and Near Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota, from 2014 to 2019"},{"id":386627,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N58KBS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hydrogeologic, geologic, and water-level data for the groundwater component of the upper Rio Grande Focus Area Study, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas, United States and Chihuahua, Mexico 2017"},{"id":386626,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5035/sir20215035.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5035"},{"id":386625,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5035/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Chihuahua","otherGeospatial":"Upper Rio Grande Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5341796875,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -107.9736328125,\n 35.67514743608467\n ],\n [\n -107.75390625,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -107.9736328125,\n 31.728167146023935\n ],\n [\n -107.6220703125,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -106.787109375,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -105.9521484375,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -105.3369140625,\n 30.372875188118016\n ],\n [\n -105.6884765625,\n 31.615965936476076\n ],\n [\n -105.4248046875,\n 33.063924198120645\n ],\n [\n -104.80957031249999,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n -104.853515625,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -106.5673828125,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -107.314453125,\n 37.96152331396614\n ],\n [\n -107.5341796875,\n 36.94989178681327\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754–4501