We undertook the task of determining whether base flow alkalinity of surface waters in the northeastern United States is related to indices of soil contact time and flow path partitioning that are derived from topographic and soils information. The influence of topography and soils on catchment hydrology has been incorporated previously in the variable source area model TOPMODEL as the relative frequency distribution of ln (a/Kb tan B), where ln is the Naperian logarithm, “a” is the area drained per unit contour, K is the saturated hydraulic conductivity, b is the soil depth, and tan B is the slope. Using digital elevation and soil survey data, we calculated the ln (a/Kb tan B) distribution for 145 catchments. Indices of flow path partitioning and soil contact time were derived from the ln (a/Kb tan B) distributions and compared to measurements of alkalinity in lakes to which the catchments drain. We found that alkalinity was, in general, positively correlated with the index of soil contact time, whereas the correlation between alkalinity and the flow path partitioning index was weak at best. A portion of the correlation between the soil contact time index and alkalinity was attributable to covariation with soil base saturation and cation exchange capacity, while another portion was found to be independent of these factors. Although our results indicate that catchments with long soil contact time indices are most likely to produce high alkalinity base flow, a sensitivity analysis of TOPMODEL suggests that surface waters of these same watersheds may be susceptible to alkalinity depressions during storm events, due to the role of flow paths.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR025i005p00829","usgsCitation":"Wolock, D., Hornberger, G., Beven, K., and Campbell, W., 1989, The relationship of catchment topography and soil hydraulic characteristics to lake alkalinity in the northeastern United States: Water Resources Research, v. 25, no. 5, p. 829-837, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR025i005p00829.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"829","endPage":"837","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf22e4b08c986b324589","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, G.M.","contributorId":68463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beven, K.J.","contributorId":62759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beven","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, W.G.","contributorId":83278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70015848,"text":"70015848 - 1989 - Rates and processes of channel development and recovery following the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T16:17:09.528683","indexId":"70015848","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rates and processes of channel development and recovery following the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"Stream channel development in response to the eruption of Mount St. Helens on 18 May 1980, resulted in some of the largest sediment yields documented anywhere on earth. Development of new channels on the 2.7 km3 debris-avalanche deposit in the North Fork Toutle River caused net erosion of as much as 1.3 x 105 t km−2 annually. Development of these channels followed a four-stage sequence of channel initiation, channel incision with relatively constant width-to-depth ratio, channel widening accompanied by aggradation, and channel widening accompanied by scour-and-fill with little change in average channel elevation. These channels remain unstable both in width and elevation. Lahars affected channel and valley morphology on all flanks of the volcano. Steep, upstream reaches generally incised and widened during the first year following the eruption and aggraded during the following three years. Gently sloping downstream reaches aggraded and widened during the first year and incised during the following three years. The most rapid adjustments occurred during the first two winters following the eruption. The principal effect of the blast on channels throughout the 550 km2 devastated area was the subsequent rapid delivery of sand- and silt-size sediment eroded from hillslopes. Channels aggraded during early storms of the 1980–1981 winter but incised during later storms the same winter. Subsequent channel enlargement was constrained by logs deposited in channels by the blast and by post-1980 shallow debris slides. Since 1984, instability and sedimentation in laharand blast-affected channels have been within the range of pre-1980 levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626668909491318","usgsCitation":"Meyer, D.F., and Martinson, H.A., 1989, Rates and processes of channel development and recovery following the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 34, no. 2, p. 115-127, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668909491318.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479900,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668909491318","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":223127,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a953ee4b0c8380cd818bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, D. F.","contributorId":21167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martinson, H. A.","contributorId":16834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinson","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015871,"text":"70015871 - 1989 - Circular convection during subsurface injection of liquid waste, St. Petersburg, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T10:45:57","indexId":"70015871","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Circular convection during subsurface injection of liquid waste, St. Petersburg, Florida","docAbstract":"Injection of liquid waste into a highly transmissive, saltwater-bearing, fractured dolomite underlying the city of St. Petersburg, Florida, provided an opportunity to study density-dependent flow associated with two miscible and density-different liquids. The injection zone was 98 m thick with a radial hydraulic conductivity of 762 m/d and a vertical hydraulic conductivity of 152 m/d. Mean chloride concentrations of the injectant during two tests of 91 and 366 days duration were 180 and 170 mg/L, respectively, whereas chloride concentration of native salt water ranged from 19,000 to 20,000 mg/L. During the 366-day test, chloride concentration in water from a well open to the upper part of the injection zone 223 m from the injection well approximately stabilized at about 4000 mg/L. Relatively constant chloride concentrations in water from this observation well at a level significantly greater than the injectant concentration suggested the hypothesis that circular convection with saltwater flow added chloride ions to the injection zone flow sampled at the observation well. In order to assess the acceptability of the circular convection hypothesis, information was required about the velocity field during injection. Mass transport model simulations were used to provide this information, after determining that the fractured injection zone could be treated as an equivalent porous medium with a single porosity. The mass transport model was calibrated using the 91-day test data from two observation wells 223 m from the injection well. The model was then run without parameter changes to simulate the 366-day test. Mass fractions of injectant computed for four observation wells during the 366-day test compared favorably with observed mass fractions. Observed mass fractions were calculated as a function of chloride concentration and density. Comparisons between model-computed mass fraction and velocity fields in a radial section showed circular convection, with salt water flowing toward the injection well in the lower part of the injection zone. The salt water then mixed with the injectant, and the mixture flowed away from the injection well in the upper part of the injection zone. On the basis of the model results and the assumed reasonableness of treating the injection zone as an equivalent porous medium with a single porosity, the hypothesis of circular convection with saltwater flow during subsurface injection of liquid waste into a highly transmissive saltwater-bearing fractured dolomite was judged acceptable.
The deposit along the Belle Fourche River is typically up to 2 m thick and extends about 90 m away from the channel along the insides of meander bends. The sediments contain above-background levels of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, and particularly arsenic. An influx at high streamflow of uncontaminated sediment from terraces and the premining floodplain as well as from tributaries causes arsenic concentrations in parts of the contaminated deposit that are farthest away from the channel to be two to three times less than arsenic concentrations in overbank sediment that is immediately adjacent to the channel.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.3290140507","usgsCitation":"Marron, D., 1989, Physical and chemical characteristics of a metal-contaminated overbank deposit, west-central South Dakota, USA: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 14, no. 5, p. 419-432, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3290140507.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"419","endPage":"432","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.0625,\n 42.956422511073335\n ],\n [\n -99.00878906249999,\n 42.956422511073335\n ],\n [\n -99.00878906249999,\n 44.77793589631623\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 44.77793589631623\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 42.956422511073335\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7a74e4b0c8380cd78f01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marron, D. C.","contributorId":16031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marron","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015899,"text":"70015899 - 1989 - Interrelationships among hydrologic-budget components of a northern Wisconsin seepage lake and implications for acid-deposition modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T15:19:57.286534","indexId":"70015899","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interrelationships among hydrologic-budget components of a northern Wisconsin seepage lake and implications for acid-deposition modeling","docAbstract":"Components of the hydrologic budget for a northern Wisconsin seepage lake were analyzed by applying correlation and regression techniques to monthly data. Analyses for the 1981–83 water years revealed a statistically significant, direct relationship between storage change and precipitation-evaporation balance. Ground-water outflow was negatively correlated with ground-water inflow, and this relationship was influenced by similar relationships for both hydraulic gradients and cross-sectional areas in outflow versus inflow regions of the lake. Neither ground-water outflow nor inflow was significantly related to precipitation, evaporation, storage change, or lake stage; this may reflect a lag in response time of the ground-water system compared to the lake. The results (1) emphasize the complexity of factors that influence ground-water interactions with seepage lakes and (2) suggest the importance of completing detailed hydrologic studies of these systems before mechanistic models, such as those developed to predict effects of acid deposition, are applied.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01056199","usgsCitation":"Wentz, D.A., and Rose, W., 1989, Interrelationships among hydrologic-budget components of a northern Wisconsin seepage lake and implications for acid-deposition modeling: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 18, no. 1-2, p. 147-155, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01056199.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"155","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Vilas County","otherGeospatial":"Vandercook Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.69120679416645,\n 45.9894661436733\n ],\n [\n -89.69120679416645,\n 45.97500382959842\n ],\n [\n -89.67867191017365,\n 45.97500382959842\n ],\n [\n -89.67867191017365,\n 45.9894661436733\n ],\n [\n -89.69120679416645,\n 45.9894661436733\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3da4e4b0c8380cd63709","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wentz, Dennis A. dawentz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentz","given":"Dennis","email":"dawentz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":372033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, William J. wjrose@usgs.gov","contributorId":2182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William J.","email":"wjrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":372032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015985,"text":"70015985 - 1989 - Criteria for a sediment data set","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:46","indexId":"70015985","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Criteria for a sediment data set","docAbstract":"The transport of sediment through a hydrologic system or basin is an extremely complex phenomenon. Many factors affect this movement. Criteria are established for an 'ultimate' or complete sediment data set, and guidelines are given for the collection of alluvial data. The paper describes what parameters need to be measured and stored to obtain a complete sediment and hydraulic data set that could be used to compute sediment transport using any prominently known sediment-transport equation. The criteria address only the collection of data for noncohesive sediment.","conferenceTitle":"Sediment Transport Modeling: Proceedings of the International Symposium","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627187","usgsCitation":"Glysson, D.G., 1989, Criteria for a sediment data set, Sediment Transport Modeling: Proceedings of the International Symposium, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 675-680.","startPage":"675","endPage":"680","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcb1e4b0c8380cd4e3ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glysson, Douglas G.","contributorId":25296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glysson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016009,"text":"70016009 - 1989 - Retention and transport of nutrients in a third-order stream: Channel processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T15:36:17.079947","indexId":"70016009","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Retention and transport of nutrients in a third-order stream: Channel processes","docAbstract":"Chloride was injected as a conservative tracer with nitrate to examine nitrate retention (storage plus biotic uptake) and transport in a 327—m reach of a third—order stream draining a forested basin in northwestern California. Prior to injections, diel patterns of nutrient concentrations were measured under background conditions. Nitrate concentration of stream water increased downstream, indicating that the reach was a source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to downstream communities under background, low—flow conditions, despite uptake by photoautotrophs. At the onset of continuous solute injection over a 10—d period, timing the passage of the solute front indicated that storage dominated nitrate retention. Instantaneous concentration differences at the base of the reach at hour 24 indicated that biotic uptake accounted for 13% of the nitrate amendment while hydrologic storage constituted 29%. Corrected for groundwater dilution (11.7%), saturation of the stream's channel and hyporheic zones was not complete until 6.8 d of continuous injection. By day 3 nitrate retention was dominated by biotic processes. Biotic uptake was greatest during daylight hours indicating retention by photoautotrophs, but also occurred during darkness. After 10 d of continuous injection, mass balance calculations indicated that 29% of N (339 g) was retained from the total injected (1155 g), while the balance of injected nitrate was transported downstream. Storage of NO3—N was 117 g or 10% while biotic uptake was 222 g or 19%. Periphyton biomass on slides, chlorophyll a both on slides and on natural cobbles, and net community primary production all indicated a lag in periphyton response to nitrate amendment. Earliest indicators of a biotic response to nutrient amendment were decreases in both tissue C/N and epilithic respiration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1938119","usgsCitation":"Triska, F.J., Kennedy, V.C., Avanzino, R.J., Zellweger, G.W., and Bencala, K.E., 1989, Retention and transport of nutrients in a third-order stream: Channel processes: Ecology, v. 70, no. 6, p. 1877-1892, https://doi.org/10.2307/1938119.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1877","endPage":"1892","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223294,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac05e4b0c8380cd86af1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Triska, Frank J.","contributorId":88781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triska","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Vance C.","contributorId":102063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Vance","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Avanzino, Ronald J.","contributorId":24355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zellweger, Gary W.","contributorId":71171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":372333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70016020,"text":"70016020 - 1989 - Coprecipitation and redox reactions of manganese oxides with copper and nickel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T10:43:07","indexId":"70016020","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coprecipitation and redox reactions of manganese oxides with copper and nickel","docAbstract":"Open-system, continuous-titration experiments have been done in which a slow flux of ∼0.02 molar solution of Mn2+ chloride, nitrate, or perchlorate with Cu2+ or Ni2+ in lesser concentrations was introduced into an aerated reactor solution held at constant temperature and at constant pH by a pH-stat titrator that added dilute NaOH. The resulting mixtures of metal oxyhydroxides and their native solutions were aged for periods as long as 2 1/2 years. Fresh and aged precipitates were characterized by chemical analysis, oxidation state determinations, X-ray and electron diffraction, and electron microscopy. The precipitates can be described as mixtures of oxide and oxyhydroxide species, using concepts of equilibrium and nonequilibrium chemical thermodynamics. The metal-ion content of the aged precipitates in systems that contained copper is distributed among three principal components. One of these is a mixed oxide Cu2Mn3O8 in which all Mn is in the 4+ oxidation state. A major component in all precipitates is feitknechtite, βMnOOH. These forms are supplemented by CuO or by birnessite or ramsdellite forms of MnO2 where stoichiometry and thermodynamic calculations predict them. In systems that contained nickel and manganese, identifiable components included βMnOOH, Ni(OH)2, and the same two forms of MnO2. The oxidation number of the precipitated manganese increased during aging, and the pH of the supernatant solution decreased. The maximum Mn oxidation number observed was 3.55 in an Mn + Cu precipitate aged for 18 months. Concentrations of Cu2+ and Ni2+ generally decreased to values substantially below those predicted by oxide or hydroxide equilibrium. Scavenging effects of this type are common in natural aqueous systems.
If the primordial atmosphere was reducing, then the first microbial ecosystem was probably composed of anaerobic bacteria. However, despite the presence of an oxygen-rich atmosphere, anaerobic habitats are important, commonplace components of the Earth's present biosphere. The geochemical activities displayed by these anaerobes impact the global cycling of certain elements (e.g., C, N, S, Fe, Mn, etc.). Methane provides an obvious example of how human-enhanced activities on a global scale can influence the content of a \"radiative\" (i.e., infrared absorbing) trace gas in the atmosphere. Methane can be oxidized by anaerobic bacteria, but this does not appear to support their growth. Acetylene, however, does support such growth. This may form the basis for future exobiological investigations of the atmospheres of anoxic, hydrocarbon-rich planets like Jupiter and Saturn, as well as the latter's satellite Titan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(89)90218-4","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., 1989, Present-day biogeochemical activities of anaerobic bacteria and their relevance to future exobiological investigations: Advances in Space Research, v. 9, no. 6, p. 127-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(89)90218-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b4ae4b0c8380cd7e1e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016132,"text":"70016132 - 1989 - West Virginia Geological Survey's role in siting fluidized bed combustion facilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:46","indexId":"70016132","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"West Virginia Geological Survey's role in siting fluidized bed combustion facilities","docAbstract":"A project is presented which demonstrates the role of geology in planning and siting a fluidized bed combustion facility. Whenever a project includes natural resource utilization, cooperation between geologists and design engineers will provide an input that could and should save costs, similar to the one stated in our initial premise. Regardless of whether cost reductions stem from a better knowledge of fuel and sorbent availabilities, or a better understanding of the local hydrology, susceptibility to mine-subsidence, or other geologic hazards, the geological survey has a vital role in planning. Input to planning could help the fluidized-bed developer and design-engineer solve some economic questions and stretch the financial resources at their disposal.","conferenceTitle":"1989 International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion: FBC - Technology for Today","conferenceDate":"30 April 1989 through 3 May 1989","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by American Soc of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0791803082","usgsCitation":"Smith, C., King, H.M., Ashton, K.C., Kirstein, D., and McColloch, G., 1989, West Virginia Geological Survey's role in siting fluidized bed combustion facilities, 1989 International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion: FBC - Technology for Today, San Francisco, CA, USA, 30 April 1989 through 3 May 1989, p. 1337-1340.","startPage":"1337","endPage":"1340","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcff2e4b08c986b32ebbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, C.J.","contributorId":69141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Hobart M.","contributorId":76826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Hobart","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ashton, K. C.","contributorId":51850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashton","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirstein, D.S.","contributorId":81255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirstein","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McColloch, G.H.","contributorId":87300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McColloch","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70016134,"text":"70016134 - 1989 - Oxidation of aromatic contaminants coupled to microbial iron reduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T10:30:08","indexId":"70016134","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxidation of aromatic contaminants coupled to microbial iron reduction","docAbstract":"THE contamination of sub-surface water supplies with aromatic compounds is a significant environmental concern1,2. As these contaminated sub-surface environments are generally anaerobic, the microbial oxidation of aromatic compounds coupled to nitrate reduction, sulphate reduction and methane production has been studied intensively1-7. In addition, geochemical evidence suggests that Fe(III) can be an important electron acceptor for the oxidation of aromatic compounds in anaerobic groundwater. Until now, only abiological mechanisms for the oxidation of aromatic compounds with Fe(III) have been reported8-12. Here we show that in aquatic sediments, microbial activity is necessary for the oxidation of model aromatic compounds coupled to Fe(III) reduction. Furthermore, a pure culture of the Fe(III)-reducing bacterium GS-15 can obtain energy for growth by oxidizing benzoate, toluene, phenol or p-cresol with Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor. These results extend the known physiological capabilities of Fe(III)-reducing organisms and provide the first example of an organism of any type which can oxidize an aromatic hydrocarbon anaerobically.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/339297a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Lovley, D.R., Baedecker, M., Lonergan, D., Cozzarelli, I., Phillips, E.J., and Siegel, D.I., 1989, Oxidation of aromatic contaminants coupled to microbial iron reduction: Nature, v. 339, no. 6222, p. 297-300, https://doi.org/10.1038/339297a0.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"339","issue":"6222","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7263e4b0c8380cd76a83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baedecker, M.J.","contributorId":42702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lonergan, D.J.","contributorId":86110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonergan","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, Elizabeth J.P.","contributorId":37475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Elizabeth","middleInitial":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70016406,"text":"70016406 - 1989 - Heat flow and thermotectonic problems of the central Ventura Basin, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T16:27:33.155139","indexId":"70016406","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow and thermotectonic problems of the central Ventura Basin, southern California","docAbstract":"The Ventura Basin, southern California, is located near the Big Bend area of the San Andreas fault system, within the Transverse Ranges physiographic province. Continuous equilibrium temperature logs were measured in 12 idle oil wells located within the onshore Ventura Avenue, San Miguelito, Filmore, Oxnard, and West Montalvo fields to an average depth of about 3100 m (10,200 feet). Thermal conductivities were measured on all available samples. Heat flows were calculated with the aid of a thermostratigraphic scheme based on correlative gradient intervals and average thermal conductivity for the appropriate units. Negative curvature of the Ventura Avenue temperature profiles may be explained by an increase in thermal conductivity associated with tectonic compaction of the underlying Pliocene clastic sequence. Temperature profiles at Fillmore are enigmatic but suggest highly unusual geotectonic conditions. Basinwide, heat flow averages about 48 mW/m2, a value which is low relative to most of southern California. As heat flow does not vary systematically to the maximum measured depth of about 4 km, this anomaly is not easily explained in terms of hydrologic effects or recent uplift and erosion. However, a diminution of heat flow is an expectable consequence of the accumulation of cold sediments (up to 12 km) since Eocene time. If 70 mW/m2 is accepted as the background heat flow, then the sedimentation effect is probably sufficient to explain the anomaly.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB01p00681","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"De Rito, R.F., Lachenbruch, A., Moses, T.H., and Munroe, R.J., 1989, Heat flow and thermotectonic problems of the central Ventura Basin, southern California: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B1, p. 681-699, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB01p00681.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"681","endPage":"699","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223264,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ffbe4b0c8380cd5d291","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Rito, R. F.","contributorId":77303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Rito","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lachenbruch, A.H.","contributorId":76737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moses, T. H. Jr.","contributorId":70385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moses","given":"T.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munroe, R. J.","contributorId":56215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munroe","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":2000127,"text":"2000127 - 1989 - Prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas: a community profile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-29T12:50:38","indexId":"2000127","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8,"text":"Biological Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"85(7.28)","title":"Prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas: a community profile","docAbstract":"This description of prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas is part of a series of community profiles on ecologically important wetlands of national significance. The shallow wetlands of the Dakotas form the bulk of the portion of the Prairie Pothole Region lying within the United States. This region is famous as the producer of at least half of North America's waterfowl and an unknown, but large, proportion of other prairie-dwelling marsh and aquatic birds.The wetlands described here lie in relatively small, shallow basins that vary greatly in their ability to maintain surface water, and in their water chemistry, which varies from fresh to hypersaline. These wetlands occur in a wide variety of hydrological settings, in an area where annual and seasonal precipitation varies greatly in form and amount. Thus the presence of surface water in these wetlands is largely unpredictable. Superimposed on these phenomena are the effects of a variety of land uses, including pasture, cultivation, mechanical forage removal, idle conditions and burning. All those factors greatly affect the plant and animal communities found in these basins.This profile covers lacustrine and palustrine basins with temporarily flooded, seasonally flooded, and semipermanently flooded water regimes. Basins with these water regimes compose about 90% of the basins in the Prairie Pothole Region of the Dakotas. This profile outlines the wetland subsystems, classes and subclasses that occur in these basins, and provides a useful reference to their geologic, climatic, hydrologic, and pedologic setting.Detailed information on the biotic environment of the wetlands dealt with in this profile will be useful to scientists and resource managers. Special recognition is paid to the macrophyte and invertebrate communities, which have dynamic qualities found in few other of the world's wetland ecosystems.The most noteworthy animal inhabitants of these basins are waterfowl, which are a resource of international concern. Because of the importance of this resource, much research on the habitat use and feeding ecology of breeding waterfowl has been conducted in the region. These topics receive special attention in this profile.The Prairie Pothole Region is a major world supplier of cereal grains. Consequently, wetlands in the region are often drained for crop production or otherwise cropped when water conditions permit. These practices degrade the value of wetlands for most species of wildlife and conflict with the aims of conservationists. The subject of human uses and impacts to prairie wetlands is thus an important part of this profile.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Kantrud, H., Krapu, G., and Swanson, G., 1989, Prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas: a community profile: Biological Report 85(7.28), 111 p.","productDescription":"111 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad2e4b07f02db681c4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kantrud, H.A.","contributorId":28553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kantrud","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krapu, Gary L.","contributorId":56994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, G.A.","contributorId":49299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2000056,"text":"2000056 - 1989 - A comparison of aquatic macrophyte communities in regulated and non-regulated lakes, Voyageurs National Park and Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T08:37:44","indexId":"2000056","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":75,"text":"Research/Resources Management","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"MWR-16","title":"A comparison of aquatic macrophyte communities in regulated and non-regulated lakes, Voyageurs National Park and Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota","docAbstract":"The effects of water-level regulation on aquatic macrophyte communities, individual plant species, and potential faunal habitat were investigated in a study of two regulated lakes and an unregulated lake in northern Minnesota. Water levels in Rainy Lake and Namakan Reservoir in Voyageurs National Park are regulated by dams. Natural annual fluctuations of 1.8 m are replaced with fluctuations of 1.1 m in Rainy Lake and 2.7 m in the five lakes that comprise Namakan Reservoir. In addition, springtime peaking of water levels in Namakan Reservoir is delayed by one month. After reaching the peak, water levels in the regulated lakes are held at that level through the summer and allowed to gradually decline through autumn and winter. This study was conducted by estimating the cover of each plant species in randomly placed quadrats along transects that followed depth contours in the lakes. These contours were selected to represent different plant habitats, as defined by the timing and duration of flooding and dewatering in unregulated Lac La Croix. Detrended correspondence analysis showed that the macrophyte communities at all depths of the regulated lakes differed from those in the unregulated lake. The differences were more profound in deeper parts of the littoral zone. Lac La Croix contained taxonomically and structurally diverse plant communities at all depths, maximizing faunal habitat. The greatest effect of the regulation on Rainy Lake was along transects at the depth that is never dewatered. There were only four taxa present; they were all erect aquatics that extended through the entire water column and offered little structurally diverse faunal habitat. The greatest effect of regulation on Namakan Lake was along transects at the depth where drawdown occurs in early winter and disturbance results from ice formation in the sediments. Rosette and mat-forming species were dominant, providing minimal faunal habitat. The hydrologic regime at Lac La Croix results in intermediate disturbance that maintains high diversity. There is too little disturbance from water-level fluctuations in Rainy Lake and too much disturbance in Namakan Reservoir, resulting in reduced diversity in both cases. The macrophyte communities of the regulated lake systems would benefit from a return to more natural hydrologic regimes. Namakan Reservoir should be regulated to reach its peak water level at the beginning of June, summer drawdowns should occur at both Rainy Lake and Namakan Reservoir, and the amplitude of annual drawdowns should vary between years but approximate 1.8 m. These hydrologic conditions should, over time, result in more diverse macrophyte communities and more diverse faunal habitat throughout the littoral zone of the regulated lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Meeker, J.E., and Wilcox, D.A., 1989, A comparison of aquatic macrophyte communities in regulated and non-regulated lakes, Voyageurs National Park and Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota: Research/Resources Management MWR-16, 39 p.","productDescription":"39 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b1007","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meeker, James E.","contributorId":80228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilcox, Douglas A.","contributorId":36880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1002313,"text":"1002313 - 1989 - Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T15:32:24.835904","indexId":"1002313","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique","docAbstract":"Recent (6–12 month) marsh sediment accretion and accumulation rates were measured with feldspar marker horizons in the vicinity of natural waterways and man-made canals with spoil banks in the rapidly subsiding environment of coastal Louisiana. Annual accretion rates in aSpartina alterniflora salt marsh in the Mississippi deltaic plain averaged 6 mm in marsh adjacent to canals compared to 10 mm in marsh adjacent to natural waterways. The rates, however, were not statistically significantly different. The average rate of sediment accretion in the same salt marsh region for a transect perpendicular to a canal (13 mm yr−1) was significantly greater than the rate measured for a transect perpendicular to a natural waterway (7 mm yr−1). Measurements of soil bulk density and organic matter content from the two transects were also different. This spatial variability in accretion rates is probably related to (1) spoil bank influences on local hydrology; and (2) a locally high rate of sediment input from lateral erosion associated with pond enlargement. In a brackishSpartina patens marsh on Louisiana’s Chenier plain, vertical accretion rates were the same along natural and canal waterways (3–4 mm yr−1) in a hydrologically restricted marsh region. However, the accretion rates for both waterways were significantly lower than the rates along a nonhydrologically restricted natural waterway nearby (11 mm yr−1). The vertical accretion of matter displayed semi-annual differences in the brackish marsh environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1351905","usgsCitation":"Cahoon, D.R., and Turner, R., 1989, Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique: Estuaries, v. 12, no. 4, p. 260-268, https://doi.org/10.2307/1351905.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"268","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134009,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.25785034424351,\n 32.50422834736203\n ],\n [\n -92.28541005578998,\n 31.991442873797325\n ],\n [\n -91.99603308455487,\n 31.780834647296302\n ],\n [\n 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32.50422834736203\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e66fe4b0c8380cd47417","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":65424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":312062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":312061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015119,"text":"70015119 - 1989 - Hydrologic effects on water level changes associated with episodic fault creep near Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:11:39.849828","indexId":"70015119","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic effects on water level changes associated with episodic fault creep near Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"As part of the Parkfield, California, earthquake prediction experiment, water level is monitored in a well 460 m from the main trace of the San Andreas fault on Middle Mountain, in the preparation zone of the anticipated Parkfield earthquake. The well configuration allows water level to be monitored in two fluid reservoirs at depths of 85 and 250 m below land surface. During 1987, water level changes were recorded during 12 of the 18 episodes of accelerated fault creep detected by a creep meter spanning the fault trace 750 m northwest of the well. The creep-related water level changes in the shallow reservoir have durations of less than 1 day, whereas in the deeper reservoir the changes persist for as long as 2 months. These data suggest that the transient nature of the water level changes in the shallow interval is due to vertical flow to the water table and is not evidence that creep events propagate past the well. Phase leads of earth tidal constituents in the water level data from the shallow interval relative to the same constituents in the local volume strain tide support the interpretation of significant flow to the water table at periods of 1 day or less. The form of the water level changes in the deep interval is affected by horizontal flow to the well bore. This effect can be removed from the water level records using a theoretical response curve constrained by the phases of earth tidal constituents in the deep interval relative to the local volume strain tide. For the events where the signal in the shallow interval has been large enough to measure, the sizes of the simultaneous water level changes in the two reservoirs are consistent with the same amounts of volume strain occurring at both depths.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB09p12387","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Roeloffs, E., Burford, S., Riley, F.S., and Records, A., 1989, Hydrologic effects on water level changes associated with episodic fault creep near Parkfield, California: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B9, p. 12387-12402, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB09p12387.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"12387","endPage":"12402","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224235,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3622e4b0c8380cd6048b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roeloffs, E.A.","contributorId":88742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeloffs","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burford, S.S.","contributorId":85335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burford","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riley, F. S.","contributorId":7701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"F.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Records, A.W.","contributorId":107860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Records","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014342,"text":"70014342 - 1988 - Lognormal kriging for the assessment of reliability in groundwater quality control observation networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:53:46.443201","indexId":"70014342","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lognormal kriging for the assessment of reliability in groundwater quality control observation networks","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality observation networks are examples of discontinuous sampling on variables presenting spatial continuity and highly skewed frequency distributions. Anywhere in the aquifer, lognormal kriging provides estimates of the variable being sampled and a standard error of the estimate. The average and the maximum standard error within the network can be used to dynamically improve the network sampling efficiency or find a design able to assure a given reliability level. The approach does not require the formulation of any physical model for the aquifer or any actual sampling of hypothetical configurations. A case study is presented using the network monitoring salty water intrusion into the Llobregat delta confined aquifer, Barcelona, Spain. The variable chloride concentration used to trace the intrusion exhibits sudden changes within short distances which make the standard error fairly invariable to changes in sampling pattern and to substantial fluctuations in the number of wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(88)90006-6","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Candela, L., Olea, R., and Custodio, E., 1988, Lognormal kriging for the assessment of reliability in groundwater quality control observation networks: Journal of Hydrology, v. 103, no. 1-2, p. 67-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90006-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"84","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225889,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a494ae4b0c8380cd684be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Candela, L.","contributorId":18913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Candela","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":368162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Custodio, E.","contributorId":42366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custodio","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013670,"text":"70013670 - 1988 - Pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers - The radially symmetric case","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:48:32.451815","indexId":"70013670","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers - The radially symmetric case","docAbstract":"Traditionally, pumping-test-analysis methodology has been limited to applications involving aquifers whose properties are assumed uniform in space. This work attempts to assess the applicability of analytical methodology to a broader class of units with spatially varying properties. An examination of flow behavior in a simple configuration consisting of pumping from the center of a circular disk embedded in a matrix of differing properties is the basis for this investigation. A solution describing flow in this configuration is obtained through Laplace-transform techniques using analytical and numerical inversion schemes. Approaches for the calculation of flow properties in conditions that can be roughly represented by this simple configuration are proposed. Possible applications include a wide variety of geologic structures, as well as the case of a well skin resulting from drilling or development. Of more importance than the specifics of these techniques for analysis of water-level responses is the insight into flow behavior during a pumping test that is provided by the large-time form of the derived solution. The solution reveals that drawdown during a pumping test can be considered to consist of two components that are dependent and independent of near-well properties, respectively. Such an interpretation of pumping-test drawdown allows some general conclusions to be drawn concerning the relationship between parameters calculated using analytical approaches based on curve-matching and those calculated using approaches based on the slope of a semilog straight line plot. The infinite-series truncation that underlies the semilog analytical approaches is shown to remove further contributions of near-well material to total drawdown. In addition, the semilog distance-drawdown approach is shown to yield an expression that is equivalent to the Thiem equation. These results allow some general recommendations to be made concerning observation-well placement for pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers. The relative diffusivity of material on either side of a discontinuity is shown to be the major factor in controlling flow behavior during the period in which the front of the cone of depression is moving across the discontinuity. Though resulting from an analysis of flow in an idealized configuration, the insights of this work into flow behavior during a pumping test are applicable to a wide class of nonuniform units.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(88)90025-X","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Butler, J., 1988, Pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers - The radially symmetric case: Journal of Hydrology, v. 101, no. 1-4, p. 15-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90025-X.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220049,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9035e4b0c8380cd7fbd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, J.J. Jr.","contributorId":12194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013678,"text":"70013678 - 1988 - Experimental studies in stream-aquifer interaction along the Arkansas River in Central Kansas - Field testing and analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:40:17.779193","indexId":"70013678","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental studies in stream-aquifer interaction along the Arkansas River in Central Kansas - Field testing and analysis","docAbstract":"During the last several years, streamflows of a number of Kansas streams have been reduced as a result of groundwater declines. In order to better understand and quantify stream-aquifer interrelationships, an eight-day comprehensive stream-aquifer pumping test, followed by recovery monitoring, was conducted along the Arkansas River near Great Bend, Kansas. In addition to water level monitoring in numerous observation wells, streamflow data, streambed hydraulic gradients, neutron probe-based water content of dewatered sediments, water chemistry and other data were collected. The alluvial aquifer is shown to be highly transmissive (T = 1803 m2d−1) with the pumping stress (9538 m3d−1) having a radius of influence larger than 1.77 km, impacting both the aquifer levels and the streamflow in the nearby Arkansas River. Drawdown and recharge boundary effects were observed in all observation wells, including those on the opposite side of the river. The alluvial aquifer did not exhibit a water table behavior and responded as a leaky confined aquifer. A semiconfining clay layer less than 3 m thick and an additional recharge source from a nearby stream-alluvial system were the probable causes of the observed phenomena. Actual streamflow depletion is shown to be appreciably less than the computed depletion based on analytical solutions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(88)90017-0","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Sophocleous, M., Townsend, M., Vogler, L., McClain, T., Marks, E., and Coble, G., 1988, Experimental studies in stream-aquifer interaction along the Arkansas River in Central Kansas - Field testing and analysis: Journal of Hydrology, v. 98, no. 3-4, p. 249-273, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90017-0.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"273","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220158,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Great Bend","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.85991437326487,\n 38.37778375097983\n ],\n [\n -98.85991437326487,\n 38.31437297701257\n ],\n [\n -98.70912129291908,\n 38.31437297701257\n ],\n [\n -98.70912129291908,\n 38.37778375097983\n ],\n [\n -98.85991437326487,\n 38.37778375097983\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0de0e4b0c8380cd5322c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sophocleous, M.","contributorId":13373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sophocleous","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Townsend, M.A.","contributorId":88785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogler, L.D.","contributorId":11069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogler","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClain, T.J.","contributorId":48246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marks, E.T.","contributorId":19844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marks","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coble, G.R.","contributorId":19034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":3186,"text":"wsp2325 - 1988 - National water summary 1986: Hydrologic events and ground-water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-28T20:58:06.584628","indexId":"wsp2325","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2325","title":"National water summary 1986: Hydrologic events and ground-water quality","docAbstract":"Ground water is one of the most important natural resources of the United States and degradation of its quality could have a major effect on the welfare of the Nation. Currently (1985), ground water is the source of drinking water for 53 percent of the Nation's population and for more than 97 percent of its rural population. It is the source of about 40 percent of the Nation's public water supply, 33 percent of water for irrigation, and 17 percent of freshwater for selfsupplied industries.
Ground water also is the source of about 40 percent of the average annual streamflow in the United States, although during long periods of little or no precipitation, ground-water discharges provide nearly all of the base streamflow. This hydraulic connection between aquifers and streams implies that if a persistent pollutant gets into an aquifer, it eventually could discharge into a stream.
Information presented in the 1986 National Water Summary clearly shows that the United States has very large amounts of potable ground water available for use. Although naturally occurring constituents, such as nitrate, and human-induced substances, such as synthetic organic chemicals, frequently are detected in ground water, their concentrations usually do not exceed existing Federal or State standards or guidelines for maximum concentrations in drinking water.
Troublesome contamination of ground water falls into two basic categories related to the source or sources of the contamination. Locally, high concentrations of a variety of toxic metals, organic chemicals, and petroleum products have been detected in ground water associated with point sources such as wastedisposal sites, storage-tank leaks, and hazardous chemical spills. These types of local problems commonly occur in densely populated urban areas and industrialized areas. Larger, multicounty areas also have been identified where contamination frequently is found in shallow wells. These areas generally are associated with broad-scale, or nonpoint, sources of contamination such as agricultural activities or highdensity domestic waste disposal (septic systems) in urban centers. At present, only a very small percentage of the total volume of potable ground water in the United States is contaminated from both point and nonpoint sources; however, available data, especially data about the occurrence of synthetic organic and toxic substances, generally are inadequate to determine the full extent of ground-water contamination in the Nation's aquifers or to define trends in groundwater quality. Most information about the occurrence of these substances has come from the study of individual sites or areas where contamination had already been detected or suspected.
Management and protection of ground water present a major challenge to the Nation. Current and projected costs of detection and cleanup of existing ground-water contamination are staggering and, even so, complete removal of pollutants from ground water in the vicinity of some waste sites might not be technically feasible. At all levels of government, the task of protecting the resource for its most beneficial uses is difficult and controversial.
Despite increasing awareness that some of the Nation's ground water is contaminated with a variety of toxic metals, synthetic organic chemicals, radionuclides, pesticides, and other contaminants that might present a long-term risk to human health, public policy towards ground-water protection is still in the formative stages. Despite increasing efforts devoted to ground-water protection by State and Federal regulatory and resource-management agencies, the extent of ground-water contamination is likely to appear to increase over the next few years because more agencies will be searching for evidence of contamination, and they will be using increasingly sensitive analytical procedures. Increased technology and expanded monitoring activities probably will detect the effects of past contamination and land uses on water quality. The significant time lag between a waterquality change in one part of an aquifer system and the effects of that change at a downgradient site, such as a well, results from the generally slow movement of ground water. This lag between cause and observed effect needs to be considered in evaluating the effectiveness of current and future ground-water policies and remedial measures.
Conclusive answers to questions about the location, extent, and severity of ground-water contamination, and about trends in ground-water quality, must await further collection and analysis of data from the Nation's aquifers. Generalizations, however, can be made, and the 1986 National Water Summary, which describes the natural quality of ground-water resources in each State and the major contamination problems that have been identified as of 1986, provides a national perspective of the ground-water-quality situation.
The 1986 National Water Summary follows the format of previous volumes. It contains three parts, and the contents of each of these parts are highlighted below.
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}\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69835a","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Moody, David W.","contributorId":84729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573885,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Jerry E.","contributorId":47758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573886,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chase, Edith B.","contributorId":11192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Edith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573887,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paulson, Richard W.","contributorId":106861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573888,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"United States Geological Survey","contributorId":128013,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"United States Geological Survey","id":905270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38315,"text":"twri06A1_chinese - 1988 - A modular three-dimensional finite-difference fround-water flow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T14:25:31.402001","indexId":"twri06A1_chinese","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"06-A1","displayTitle":"A Modular Three-Dimensional Finite-Difference Ground-Water Flow Model","title":"A modular three-dimensional finite-difference fround-water flow model","docAbstract":"This report presents a finite-difference model and its associated modular computer program. The model simulates flow in three dimensions. The report includes detailed explanations of physical and mathematical concepts on which the model is based and an explanation of how those concepts are incorporated in the modular structure of the computer program. The modular structure consists of a Main Program and a series of highly independent subroutines called 'modules.' The modules are grouped into 'packages.' Each package deals with a specific feature of the hydrologic system which is to be simulated, such as flow from rivers or flow into drains, or with a specific method of solving linear equations which describe the flow system, such as the Strongly Implicit Procedure or Slice-Successive Overrelaxation. \r\n\r\nThe division of the program into modules permits the user to examine specific hydrologic features of the model independently. This also facilita development of additional capabilities because new packages can be added to the program without modifying the existing packages. The input and output systems of the computer program are also designed to permit maximum flexibility. \r\n\r\nGround-water flow within the aquifer is simulated using a block-centered finite-difference approach. Layers can be simulated as confined, unconfined, or a combination of confined and unconfined. Flow associated with external stresses, such as wells, areal recharge, evapotranspiration, drains, and streams, can also be simulated. The finite-difference equations can be solved using either the Strongly Implicit Procedure or Slice-Successive Overrelaxation. \r\n\r\nThe program is written in FORTRAN 77 and will run without modification on most computers that have a FORTRAN 77 compiler. For each program ,module, this report includes a narrative description, a flow chart, a list of variables, and a module listing.","language":"Chinese","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/twri06A1_chinese","usgsCitation":"McDonald, M.G., Harbaugh, A.W., Guo, W., and Lu, G., 1988, A modular three-dimensional finite-difference fround-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 06-A1, 209 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri06A1_chinese.","productDescription":"209 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3421,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/bk6_chpA1_Chinese/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":165338,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd495ce4b0b290850ef18d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, Michael G.","contributorId":47352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harbaugh, Arlen W. harbaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"Arlen","email":"harbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":219594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guo, Weixing (translator)","contributorId":18430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Weixing","suffix":"(translator)","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lu, Guoping","contributorId":38203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Guoping","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":13327,"text":"ofr88119 - 1988 - U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:52","indexId":"ofr88119","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-119","title":"U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Nevada","docAbstract":"Groundwater is an important natural resource in Nevada. In 1985, groundwater provided 24% of the total water withdrawn, and supplied about 40% of the State 's population. Public supply and self-supplied domestic use accounted for about 12% of the groundwater withdrawn, and self-supplied industrial and mining use was about 3%. The major issues related to groundwater in Nevada are: groundwater availability; natural and artificial groundwater recharge; underground storage of hazardous wastes; organic and inorganic trace constituents in groundwater; and geothermal groundwater systems. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is actively conducting 30 hydrologic investigations in Nevada, of which 18 are related to groundwater quantity and quality. Three examples of ongoing groundwater studies by the USGS that are designed to address specific groundwater issues in Nevada are discussed: carbonate-rock aquifers in eastern and southern Nevada; groundwater quality in the Carson River basin, Nevada-California; and groundwater in Honey Lake Valley, Nevada-California. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88119","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., and Van Denburgh, A.S., 1988, U.S. Geological Survey ground-water studies in Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-119, 2 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88119.","productDescription":"2 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0119/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41753,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db612817","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":167626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Denburgh, A. S.","contributorId":23928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Denburgh","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26957,"text":"wri874193 - 1988 - Regionalization of mean annual suspended-sediment loads in streams, central, northwestern, and southwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri874193","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4193","title":"Regionalization of mean annual suspended-sediment loads in streams, central, northwestern, and southwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"Regression analysis was used to develop models for estimating mean annual suspended-sediment loads for streams in Colorado. Mean annual suspended-sediment loads at 81 selected streamflow-gaging stations in the central, northwestern, and southwestern regions of Colorado were expressed as functions of geomorphic and hydrologic variables. A multiple-regression model that included mean basin elevation, mean annual streamflow, and drainage-basin area explained 78% of the variance in mean annual suspended-sediment load when all sites were analyzed together. The state was divided into four regions to decrease variance from spatial differences in geography and climate, and multiple-regression models were recomputed for each region. The best multiple-regression models for the central, northwestern, and southwestern regions of Colorado included mean annual streamflow and mean basin elevation. A multiple-regression model was not developed for eastern Colorado because few sites in this region had adequate sediment-load records. Regionalization of mean annual suspended-sediment loads resulted in improved multiple-regression models for the central, northwestern, and southwestern regions of Colorado. The regional multiple-regression models can be used to estimate mean annual suspended-sediment loads for other streams in these regions when mean annual streamflow and mean basin elevation are known. Regional regression models based only on drainage area also were developed, and they can be used to estimate mean annual suspended-sediment load when annual streamflow is unknown. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874193","usgsCitation":"Elliott, J.G., 1988, Regionalization of mean annual suspended-sediment loads in streams, central, northwestern, and southwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4193, iv, 24 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874193.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4193/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55842,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4193/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c427","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, J. G.","contributorId":45341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}