The mid-Atlantic region and Chesapeake Bay watershed have been influenced by fluctuations in climate and sea level since the Cretaceous, and human alteration of the landscape began ~12,000 years ago, with greatest impacts since colonial times. Efforts to devise sustainable management strategies that maximize ecosystem services are integrating data from a range of scientific disciplines to understand how ecosystems and habitats respond to different climatic and environmental stressors. Palynology has played an important role in improving understanding of the impact of changing climate, sea level, and land use on local and regional vegetation. Additionally, palynological analyses have provided biostratigraphic control for surficial mapping efforts and documented agricultural activities of both Native American populations and European colonists. This field trip focuses on sites where palynological analyses have supported efforts to understand the impacts of changing climate and land use on the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"Willard, D.A., Bernhardt, C.E., Hupp, C.R., and Newell, W.L., 2015, Coastal and wetland ecosystems of the Chesapeake Bay watershed: Applying palynology to understand impacts of changing climate, sea level, and land use, v. 40, p. 281-308.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"308","ipdsId":"IP-066190","costCenters":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.79443359375,\n 36.90597988519294\n ],\n [\n -76.739501953125,\n 36.730079507078415\n ],\n [\n -76.695556640625,\n 36.53612263184686\n ],\n [\n -76.48681640625,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -76.46484375,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -76.3330078125,\n 36.74768773190056\n ],\n [\n -76.058349609375,\n 36.83566824724438\n ],\n [\n -75.970458984375,\n 36.87962060502676\n ],\n [\n -75.926513671875,\n 37.10776507118514\n ],\n [\n -75.904541015625,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -75.794677734375,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -75.5419921875,\n 37.75334401310656\n ],\n [\n -75.35522460937499,\n 37.97884504049713\n ],\n [\n -75.1904296875,\n 38.315801006824984\n ],\n [\n -75.179443359375,\n 38.565347844885466\n ],\n [\n -75.421142578125,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -75.443115234375,\n 39.01918369029134\n ],\n [\n -75.5419921875,\n 39.232253141714885\n ],\n [\n -75.60791015625,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -75.60791015625,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -75.59692382812499,\n 39.58029027440865\n ],\n [\n -75.574951171875,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -75.73974609375,\n 40.002371935876475\n ],\n [\n -75.78369140625,\n 40.111688665595956\n ],\n [\n -75.772705078125,\n 40.22921818870117\n ],\n [\n -75.772705078125,\n 40.329795743702064\n ],\n [\n -75.73974609375,\n 40.43022363450862\n ],\n [\n -75.82763671875,\n 40.50544628405211\n ],\n [\n -76.014404296875,\n 40.75557964275589\n ],\n [\n -75.83862304687499,\n 40.94671366508002\n ],\n [\n -75.728759765625,\n 41.104190944576466\n ],\n [\n -75.47607421875,\n 41.393294288784865\n ],\n [\n -75.35522460937499,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -75.30029296875,\n 41.64828831259533\n ],\n [\n -75.245361328125,\n 41.78769700539063\n ],\n [\n -75.47607421875,\n 41.95131994679697\n ],\n [\n -75.443115234375,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -74.8388671875,\n 42.25291778330197\n ],\n [\n -74.63012695312499,\n 42.49640294093705\n ],\n [\n -74.520263671875,\n 42.71473218539458\n ],\n [\n -74.849853515625,\n 42.8115217450979\n ],\n [\n -75.08056640625,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -75.56396484375,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -75.772705078125,\n 42.771211138625894\n ],\n [\n -75.970458984375,\n 42.73894375124377\n ],\n [\n -76.058349609375,\n 42.60970621339408\n ],\n [\n -76.13525390624999,\n 42.4234565179383\n ],\n [\n -76.39892578125,\n 42.32606244456202\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 42.3016903282445\n ],\n [\n -76.97021484375,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -77.135009765625,\n 42.415346114253616\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 42.52879629320373\n ],\n [\n -77.574462890625,\n 42.49640294093705\n ],\n [\n -77.67333984375,\n 42.407234661551875\n ],\n [\n -77.596435546875,\n 42.24478535602799\n ],\n [\n -77.58544921874999,\n 42.114523952464246\n ],\n [\n -77.62939453125,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -77.838134765625,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -78.057861328125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -78.145751953125,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -78.233642578125,\n 41.36031866306708\n ],\n [\n -78.22265625,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -78.189697265625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -78.15673828125,\n 40.896905775860006\n ],\n [\n -78.233642578125,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -78.42041015625,\n 40.54720023441049\n ],\n [\n -78.519287109375,\n 40.40513069752789\n ],\n [\n -78.64013671875,\n 40.1452892956766\n ],\n [\n -79.002685546875,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -79.27734374999999,\n 39.35978526869001\n ],\n [\n -79.453125,\n 39.11301365149975\n ],\n [\n -79.62890625,\n 38.7283759182398\n ],\n [\n -79.639892578125,\n 38.453588708941375\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 38.212288054388175\n ],\n [\n -79.9365234375,\n 38.05674222065296\n ],\n [\n -80.09033203125,\n 37.88352498087131\n ],\n [\n -80.13427734374999,\n 37.814123701604466\n ],\n [\n -80.277099609375,\n 37.70120736474139\n ],\n [\n -80.17822265625,\n 37.59682400108367\n ],\n [\n -79.793701171875,\n 37.65773212628272\n ],\n [\n -79.5849609375,\n 37.69251435532741\n ],\n [\n -79.156494140625,\n 37.640334898059486\n ],\n [\n -79.03564453124999,\n 37.52715361723378\n ],\n [\n -78.94775390625,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -78.5302734375,\n 37.431250501793585\n ],\n [\n -78.486328125,\n 37.413800350662896\n ],\n [\n -78.233642578125,\n 37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n -78.2666015625,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -78.15673828125,\n 37.142803443716836\n ],\n [\n -77.9150390625,\n 37.125286284966805\n ],\n [\n -77.486572265625,\n 37.10776507118514\n ],\n [\n -77.36572265625,\n 37.01132594307015\n ],\n [\n -77.04711914062499,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -76.79443359375,\n 36.90597988519294\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183b5e4b0e541a03c1a62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernhardt, Christopher E. 0000-0003-0082-4731 cbernhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":2131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Christopher","email":"cbernhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newell, Wayne L. wnewell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"Wayne","email":"wnewell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189912,"text":"70189912 - 2015 - Groundwater – The disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-03T13:28:31","indexId":"70189912","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater – The disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients","docAbstract":"Lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) transports nutrients from a catchment to a lake, which may fuel eutrophication, one of the major threats to our fresh waters. Unfortunately, LGD has often been disregarded in lake nutrient studies. Most measurement techniques are based on separate determinations of volume and nutrient concentration of LGD: Loads are calculated by multiplying seepage volumes by concentrations of exfiltrating water. Typically low phosphorus (P) concentrations of pristine groundwater often are increased due to anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer, manure or sewage. Mineralization of naturally present organic matter might also increase groundwater P. Reducing redox conditions favour P transport through the aquifer to the reactive aquifer-lake interface. In some cases, large decreases of P concentrations may occur at the interface, for example, due to increased oxygen availability, while in other cases, there is nearly no decrease in P. The high reactivity of the interface complicates quantification of groundwater-borne P loads to the lake, making difficult clear differentiation of internal and external P loads to surface water. Anthropogenic sources of nitrogen (N) in groundwater are similar to those of phosphate. However, the environmental fate of N differs fundamentally from P because N occurs in several different redox states, each with different mobility. While nitrate behaves essentially conservatively in most oxic aquifers, ammonium's mobility is similar to that of phosphate. Nitrate may be transformed to gaseous N2 in reducing conditions and permanently removed from the system. Biogeochemical turnover of N is common at the reactive aquifer-lake interface. Nutrient loads from LGD were compiled from the literature. Groundwater-borne P loads vary from 0.74 to 2900 mg PO4-P m−2 year−1; for N, these loads vary from 0.001 to 640 g m−2 year−1. Even small amounts of seepage can carry large nutrient loads due to often high nutrient concentrations in groundwater. Large spatial heterogeneity, uncertain areal extent of the interface and difficult accessibility make every determination of LGD a challenge. However, determinations of LGD are essential to effective lake management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10384","usgsCitation":"Lewandowski, J., Meinikmann, K., Nutzmann, G., and Rosenberry, D.O., 2015, Groundwater – The disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 13, p. 2922-2955, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10384.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"2922","endPage":"2955","ipdsId":"IP-053820","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5984364ae4b0e2f5d46653cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewandowski, Jorg","contributorId":195317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewandowski","given":"Jorg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meinikmann, Karin","contributorId":195318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meinikmann","given":"Karin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nutzmann, Gunnar","contributorId":195319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nutzmann","given":"Gunnar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188564,"text":"70188564 - 2015 - Can low-resolution airborne laser scanning data be used to model stream rating curves?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-15T13:23:12","indexId":"70188564","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can low-resolution airborne laser scanning data be used to model stream rating curves?","docAbstract":"This pilot study explores the potential of using low-resolution (0.2 points/m2) airborne laser scanning (ALS)-derived elevation data to model stream rating curves. Rating curves, which allow the functional translation of stream water depth into discharge, making them integral to water resource monitoring efforts, were modeled using a physics-based approach that captures basic geometric measurements to establish flow resistance due to implicit channel roughness. We tested synthetically thinned high-resolution (more than 2 points/m2) ALS data as a proxy for low-resolution data at a point density equivalent to that obtained within most national-scale ALS strategies. Our results show that the errors incurred due to the effect of low-resolution versus high-resolution ALS data were less than those due to flow measurement and empirical rating curve fitting uncertainties. As such, although there likely are scale and technical limitations to consider, it is theoretically possible to generate rating curves in a river network from ALS data of the resolution anticipated within national-scale ALS schemes (at least for rivers with relatively simple geometries). This is promising, since generating rating curves from ALS scans would greatly enhance our ability to monitor streamflow by simplifying the overall effort required.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w7041324","usgsCitation":"Lyon, S., Nathanson, M., Lam, N., Dahlke, H., Rutzinger, M., Kean, J.W., and Laudon, H., 2015, Can low-resolution airborne laser scanning data be used to model stream rating curves?: Water, v. 7, no. 4, p. 1324-1339, https://doi.org/10.3390/w7041324.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1324","endPage":"1339","ipdsId":"IP-063479","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w7041324","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342554,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Sweden","otherGeospatial":"Krycklan catchment","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 19.566650390625,\n 63.83340220990062\n ],\n [\n 20.6927490234375,\n 63.83340220990062\n ],\n [\n 20.6927490234375,\n 64.36724945936612\n ],\n [\n 19.566650390625,\n 64.36724945936612\n ],\n [\n 19.566650390625,\n 63.83340220990062\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59439c95e4b062508e31a9ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyon, Steve","contributorId":192971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyon","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nathanson, Marcus","contributorId":192972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nathanson","given":"Marcus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lam, Norris","contributorId":192973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lam","given":"Norris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dahlke, Helen","contributorId":192974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahlke","given":"Helen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rutzinger, Martin","contributorId":192975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutzinger","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Laudon, Hjalmar","contributorId":192976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laudon","given":"Hjalmar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70154885,"text":"70154885 - 2015 - Occupancy and abundance of the endangered yellowcheek darter in Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-15T14:03:42","indexId":"70154885","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occupancy and abundance of the endangered yellowcheek darter in Arkansas","docAbstract":"The Yellowcheek Darter (Etheostoma moorei) is a rare fish endemic to the Little Red River watershed in the Boston Mountains of northern Arkansas. Remaining populations of this species are geographically isolated and declining, and the species was listed in 2011 as federally endangered. Populations have declined, in part, due to intense seasonal stream drying and inundation of lower reaches by a reservoir. We used a kick seine sampling approach to examine distribution and abundance of Yellowcheek Darter populations in the Middle Fork and South Fork Little Red River. We used presence data to estimate occupancy rates and detection probability and examined relationships between Yellowcheek Darter density and environmental variables. The species was found at five Middle Fork and South Fork sites where it had previously been present in 2003–2004. Occupancy rates were >0.6 but with wide 95% CI, and where the darters occurred, densities were typical of other Ozark darters but highly variable. Detection probability and density were positively related to current velocity. Given that stream drying has become more extreme over the past 30 years and anthropogenic threats have increased, regular monitoring and active management may be required to reduce extinction risk of Yellowcheek Darter populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/CE-14-116","usgsCitation":"Magoulick, D.D., and Lynch, D.T., 2015, Occupancy and abundance of the endangered yellowcheek darter in Arkansas: Copeia, v. 103, no. 2, p. 433-439, https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-14-116.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"439","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056381","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Middle Fork and South Fork Little Red River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.7802276611328,\n 35.53166744135354\n ],\n [\n -92.7802276611328,\n 35.708607653285505\n ],\n [\n -92.22679138183592,\n 35.708607653285505\n ],\n [\n -92.22679138183592,\n 35.53166744135354\n ],\n [\n -92.7802276611328,\n 35.53166744135354\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a77623e4b0183d66e45e6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lynch, Dustin T.","contributorId":145645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148484,"text":"sim3332 - 2015 - Documenting 35 years of land cover change: Lago Cachet Dos drainage, Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-15T12:18:36","indexId":"sim3332","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3332","title":"Documenting 35 years of land cover change: Lago Cachet Dos drainage, Chile","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Special Applications Science Center is monitoring temporal changes at the Colonia Glacier and Lago Cachet Dos, Northern Patagonia Icefield of southern Chile. This location is one of the newest international sites in the USGS Global Fiducial Program (GFP)—a program which provides systematic monitoring of dynamic and environmentally critical areas with high-resolution imagery (http://gfp.usgs.gov/). In 2008, Lago Cachet Dos began experiencing glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) during which the entire pool of water (about 200 million cubic meters) rapidly drains from the lake and flows south-southeast through the Colonia Glacier. These catastrophic events cause massive erosion of valley-fill deposits and consequent upstream expansion of Lago Cachet Dos towards Lago Cachet Uno. Panchromatic and multispectral images for 1979, 2007, and 2014 highlight the dramatic changes that have occurred at this site over a 35-year period. The lake was smallest in 1979, when the Colonia Glacier was at its maximum extent during the study period. Between 1979 and 2007, the glacier shrank causing an increase in the surface area of the lake. The size of the lake increased substantially, from 2.98 square kilometers (km2) in 1979 to 4.41 km2 in 2014, primarily due to erosion of valley-fill deposits upstream of its northern edge by the 15 GLOFs that occurred between April 2008 and February 2014. Ongoing studies of the Colonia Glacier and Lago Cachet Dos are focused on providing real-time monitoring of Lago Cachet Dos lake levels, understanding the history of advances and retreats of the Colonia Glacier, and determining the physical mechanisms and hazards associated with the GLOFs that come from Lago Cachet Dos.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3332","usgsCitation":"Friesen, B.A., Nimick, D.A., Mcgrath, D., Cole, C.J., Wilson, E.M., Noble, S.M., Fahey, M., Leidich, J., and O’Kuinghttons Villena, J.I., 2015, Documenting 35 years of land cover change: Lago Cachet Dos drainage, Chile: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3332, 1 Sheet: 51.39 x 33.4 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3332.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 51.39 x 33.4 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056829","costCenters":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305756,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3332.jpg"},{"id":305752,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3332/"},{"id":305755,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3332/pdf/SIM3332.pdf","text":"Map","size":"39.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Map"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Lago Cachet Dos","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.44635009765625,\n -47.25499987098019\n ],\n [\n -73.44635009765625,\n -46.76056154244132\n ],\n [\n -73.08654785156249,\n -46.76056154244132\n ],\n [\n -73.08654785156249,\n -47.25499987098019\n ],\n [\n -73.44635009765625,\n -47.25499987098019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eee2e4b0bc0bec09ed9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesen, Beverly A. bafriesen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friesen","given":"Beverly","email":"bafriesen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mcgrath, Daniel 0000-0002-9462-6842 dmcgrath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-6842","contributorId":145635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcgrath","given":"Daniel","email":"dmcgrath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cole, Christopher J. cjcole@usgs.gov","contributorId":2163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Christopher","email":"cjcole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Earl M. emwilson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Earl","email":"emwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Noble, Suzanne M. smnoble@usgs.gov","contributorId":3400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Suzanne","email":"smnoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":564849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fahey, Mark J. mjfahey@usgs.gov","contributorId":3089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahey","given":"Mark J.","email":"mjfahey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Leidich, Jonathan","contributorId":139703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leidich","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12885,"text":"Patagonia Adventure Expeditions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"O’Kuinghttons Villena, Jorge I.","contributorId":141092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Kuinghttons Villena","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":13675,"text":"Dirección General de Aguas, Coyhaique, Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70148009,"text":"ofr20151095 - 2015 - Design and methods of the Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA), 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-11T15:33:59","indexId":"ofr20151095","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1095","title":"Design and methods of the Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA), 2014","docAbstract":"During 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) assessed stream quality across the Piedmont and southern Appalachian Mountain regions of the southeastern United States. This Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) simultaneously characterized watershed and stream-reach water-quality stressors along with instream biological conditions, in order to better understand regional stressor-effects relations. The goal of SESQA is to provide communities and policymakers with information about those human and environmental factors that have the greatest impact on stream quality across the region. The SESQA design focused on hydrologic alteration and urbanization because of their importance as ecological stressors of particular concern to Southeast region resource managers.
\nStreamflow and land-use data were used to identify and select sites representing gradients in urbanization and streamflow alteration across the region. One hundred fifteen sites were selected and sampled for as many as 10 weeks during April, May, and June 2014 for contaminants, nutrients, and sediment. This water-quality “index” period culminated with an ecological survey of habitat, periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish at all sites. Sediment was collected during the ecological survey for analysis of sediment chemistry and toxicity testing. Of the 115 sites, 59 were on streams in watersheds with varying degrees of urban land use, 5 were on streams with multiple confined animal feeding operations, and 13 were reference sites with little or no development in their watersheds. The remaining 38 “hydro” sites were on streams in watersheds with relatively little agricultural or urban development but with hydrologic alteration, such as a dam or reservoir.
\nThis report provides a detailed description of the SESQA study components, including surveys of ecological conditions, routine water sampling, deployment of passive polar organic compound integrative samplers for pesticides and contaminants of emerging concern, and synoptic sediment sampling and toxicity testing at all urban, confined animal feeding operation, and reference sites. Continuous water-quality monitoring and daily pesticide sampling efforts conducted at a subset of urban sites are also described.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151095","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Journey, C.A., Van Metre, P.C., Bell, A.H., Garrett, J.D., Button, D.T., Nakagaki, N., Qi, S.L., and Bradley, P.M., 2015, Design and methods of the Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA), 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1095, 46 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151095.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 46 p.; 3 Appendices","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-063365","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305724,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"89 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Description of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory Schedules Used for Water, Sediment, and Periphyton"},{"id":305722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1095"},{"id":305723,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"560 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Description of the Sampling Timelines, Matrix, Collection, and Processing for Water, Sediment, and Ecological Samples"},{"id":305725,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095_appendix3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"50 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Counts of Environmental (Environ), Field Blank, Replicate (Rep), and Spike Samples of Streamwater by Site and Laboratory Analysis From the 115 Stream Sites Sampled in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Southeastern Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) Study in 2014"},{"id":305721,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -77.89306640625,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -77.1240234375,\n 38.976492485539424\n ],\n [\n -76.79443359375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 38.22091976683121\n ],\n [\n -77.27783203125,\n 37.85750715625203\n ],\n [\n -77.05810546875,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -77.34374999999999,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -77.58544921874999,\n 36.049098959065645\n ],\n [\n -78.64013671875,\n 35.35321610123821\n ],\n [\n -79.40917968749999,\n 35.22767235493586\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -80.2001953125,\n 34.43409789359469\n ],\n [\n -80.7275390625,\n 34.08906131584996\n ],\n [\n -81.27685546875,\n 33.50475906922606\n ],\n [\n -81.80419921875,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -83.1884765625,\n 32.80574473290688\n ],\n [\n -84.66064453125,\n 32.379961464357315\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 32.287132632616355\n ],\n [\n -86.572265625,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -87.3193359375,\n 32.602361666817515\n ],\n [\n -86.90185546874999,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -86.2646484375,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -85.58349609375,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 36.58024660149866\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 37.35269280367274\n ],\n [\n -80.39794921875,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -79.7607421875,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -79.38720703125,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -78.7060546875,\n 39.21523130910493\n ],\n [\n -78.3544921875,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 39.13006024213511\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
North Carolina–South Carolina–Georgia
720 Gracern Road, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
","tableOfContents":"
We evaluated predation on Lost River suckers (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose suckers (Chasmistes brevirostris), both listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), from American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) and double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) nesting at mixed species colonies on Clear Lake Reservoir, CA and Upper Klamath Lake, OR during 2009-2014. Predation was evaluated by recovering passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags that were implanted in suckers, subsequently consumed by pelicans or cormorants, and deposited on the birds’ nesting colonies. Data from PIT tag recoveries were used to estimate predation rates (proportion of available tagged suckers consumed) by birds to evaluate the relative susceptibility of suckers to avian predation in Upper Klamath Basin. Data on the size of pelican and cormorant colonies (number of breeding adults) at Clear Lake and Upper Klamath Lake were also collected and reported in the context of predation on suckers.
\nResults indicate that predation rates varied by sucker species (Lost River, shortnose), sucker age-class (adult, juvenile), bird colony location (Upper Klamath Lake, Clear Lake), and year (2009-2014), demonstrating that predator-prey interactions in the system were dynamic during the study period. Tagged suckers ranging from 72 mm to 730 mm were susceptible to cormorant or pelican predation; all but the largest of the tagged Lost River suckers were susceptible to avian predation. Estimates of minimum, annual predation rates ranged from <0.1% to 4.6% of the available Lost River suckers and from <0.1% to 4.2% of the available shortnose suckers during the study period. Of the two colony locations evaluated, predation rates on suckers in Clear Lake were generally higher by birds nesting at mixed-species colonies on Clear Lake. Birds nesting on Clear Lake also commuted over 75 kilometers to forage on suckers in Upper Klamath Lake. Conversely, there was no evidence that birds nesting in Upper Klamath Lake foraged on tagged suckers in Clear Lake. Although sample sizes of tagged juvenile suckers were small and limited to fish tagged in Upper Klamath Lake, there was evidence that bird predation on juvenile suckers was higher than on adult suckers, with annual predate rate estimates on juvenile suckers ranging from 5.7% to 8.4% of available fish.
\nThe minimum annual predation rates presented here suggests that avian predation may be a factor limiting recovery of populations of Lost River and shortnose suckers, particularly juvenile suckers in Upper Klamath Lake and adult suckers in Clear Lake. Additional research is needed, however, to better assess the impacts of avian predation on sucker populations by (1) recovering PIT tags in a manner so that the species of avian predator is known (i.e., pelican vs. cormorant), (2) measuring predator-specific PIT tag deposition probabilities at each colony, (3) increasing the sample of juvenile suckers in the population that are PIT-tagged, and (4) recovering sufficient sample sizes of PIT tags on bird colonies to describe how various biotic and abiotic factors (e.g., fish size and condition, water levels and quality, and other factors) contribute to sucker susceptibility to avian predation in the Upper Klamath Basin.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","collaboration":"Real Time Research, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Evans, A., Payton, Q., Cramer, B., Collis, K., Hewitt, D.A., and Roby, D.D., 2015, Colonial waterbird predation on Lost River and shortnose suckers based on recoveries of passive integrated transponder tags, 22 p.","productDescription":"22 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067047","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake Resevoir, Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 42.54498667313236\n ],\n [\n -121.9757080078125,\n 42.52272381854158\n ],\n [\n -121.8988037109375,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -121.84661865234374,\n 42.45791402988027\n ],\n [\n -121.7889404296875,\n 42.409262623071186\n ],\n [\n -121.78619384765624,\n 42.334184385939416\n ],\n [\n -121.80267333984376,\n 42.29559582449642\n ],\n [\n -121.85760498046875,\n 42.27730877423709\n ],\n [\n -121.90979003906249,\n 42.279340930853145\n ],\n [\n -121.9647216796875,\n 42.31590854308647\n ],\n [\n -121.9976806640625,\n 42.35448465106744\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 42.39506551565123\n ],\n [\n -122.1185302734375,\n 42.437647200108685\n ],\n [\n -122.14599609375001,\n 42.494377798972465\n ],\n [\n -122.14874267578125,\n 42.53486817758702\n ],\n [\n -122.10205078125,\n 42.553080288955826\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 42.54498667313236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.10504150390625,\n 41.90329915269292\n ],\n [\n -121.06933593749999,\n 41.88898809959183\n ],\n [\n -121.058349609375,\n 41.852173524388824\n ],\n [\n -121.08856201171875,\n 41.820455096140314\n ],\n [\n -121.14486694335936,\n 41.81738473661009\n ],\n [\n -121.16546630859375,\n 41.832735062152615\n ],\n [\n -121.19018554687499,\n 41.85728792769137\n ],\n [\n -121.17507934570311,\n 41.887965758804484\n ],\n [\n -121.14486694335936,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -121.10504150390625,\n 41.90329915269292\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5720912fe4b071321fe655f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Allen","contributorId":149989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Allen","affiliations":[{"id":17879,"text":"Real Time Research, Inc., 231 SW Scalehouse Loop, Suite 101, Bend, OR 97702","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Payton, Quinn","contributorId":149990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Payton","given":"Quinn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17879,"text":"Real Time Research, Inc., 231 SW Scalehouse Loop, Suite 101, Bend, OR 97702","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cramer, Bradley D.","contributorId":51562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cramer","given":"Bradley D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collis, Ken","contributorId":149991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collis","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17879,"text":"Real Time Research, Inc., 231 SW Scalehouse Loop, Suite 101, Bend, OR 97702","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hewitt, David A. 0000-0002-5387-0275 dhewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-0275","contributorId":3767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hewitt","given":"David","email":"dhewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70155001,"text":"ofr20151127 - 2015 - Hydrologic conditions in Rhode Island during water year 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-15T15:18:33","indexId":"ofr20151127","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T01:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1127","title":"Hydrologic conditions in Rhode Island during water year 2014","docAbstract":"
Hydrologic data and conditions throughout Rhode Island during water year 2014 are presented in this report. Stream discharge and groundwater level conditions varied geographically across the State. Ten streamgages reached record-low minimum monthly mean discharges during the year, and a record-high maximum groundwater level was observed at one groundwater well.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151127","usgsCitation":"Verdi, R.J., and Socolow, R.S., 2015, Hydrologic conditions in Rhode Island during water year 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1127, 8 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151127.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065518","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305738,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1127/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1127/ofr20151127.pdf","text":"Report","size":"875 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1127"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-71.383586,41.464782],[-71.389284,41.460605],[-71.390275,41.455043],[-71.399568,41.448596],[-71.40056,41.46094],[-71.395927,41.492215],[-71.386511,41.493071],[-71.378914,41.504948],[-71.391005,41.514578],[-71.392137,41.524468],[-71.384478,41.556736],[-71.379021,41.567772],[-71.373618,41.573214],[-71.370194,41.573963],[-71.36356,41.57086],[-71.359868,41.556308],[-71.363292,41.501952],[-71.360403,41.483121],[-71.380947,41.474561],[-71.383586,41.464782]]],[[[-71.326769,41.491286],[-71.325365,41.487601],[-71.327822,41.482985],[-71.343013,41.495615],[-71.341122,41.498598],[-71.326769,41.491286]]],[[[-71.140588,41.605102],[-71.138599,41.60347],[-71.137492,41.602561],[-71.131618,41.593918],[-71.131312,41.592308],[-71.1224,41.522156],[-71.12057,41.497448],[-71.136867,41.493942],[-71.141093,41.489937],[-71.140224,41.485855],[-71.167345,41.471405],[-71.170131,41.463974],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.194967,41.459037],[-71.196857,41.461116],[-71.196607,41.464756],[-71.190016,41.478275],[-71.190167,41.484285],[-71.19939,41.491769],[-71.199692,41.495511],[-71.206382,41.499215],[-71.200788,41.514371],[-71.213563,41.545818],[-71.20865,41.571028],[-71.20778,41.60066],[-71.212656,41.610072],[-71.212417,41.61829],[-71.212004,41.62299],[-71.21616,41.62549],[-71.240709,41.619225],[-71.2436,41.587508],[-71.23613,41.574767],[-71.236642,41.535852],[-71.234775,41.532538],[-71.227989,41.528297],[-71.229444,41.521544],[-71.240614,41.500557],[-71.238586,41.486845],[-71.237175,41.486546],[-71.236751,41.483369],[-71.24071,41.474872],[-71.246703,41.47196],[-71.245992,41.481302],[-71.252692,41.485902],[-71.264793,41.488902],[-71.285639,41.487805],[-71.295111,41.48435],[-71.304394,41.454502],[-71.311394,41.450802],[-71.312694,41.451402],[-71.312718,41.454597],[-71.32141,41.4556],[-71.337695,41.448902],[-71.351096,41.450802],[-71.362743,41.460379],[-71.36152,41.464831],[-71.34707,41.47123],[-71.335992,41.469647],[-71.316519,41.47756],[-71.317414,41.488776],[-71.323125,41.503088],[-71.327804,41.504258],[-71.330694,41.507699],[-71.330831,41.518364],[-71.313079,41.534672],[-71.310533,41.54692],[-71.303652,41.559925],[-71.294363,41.571416],[-71.288376,41.573274],[-71.285142,41.577127],[-71.273445,41.60699],[-71.272412,41.615041],[-71.275234,41.619444],[-71.271862,41.623986],[-71.251082,41.63878],[-71.212136,41.641945],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.194384,41.674803],[-71.191178,41.674216],[-71.191175,41.674292],[-71.18129,41.672502],[-71.17599,41.671402],[-71.17609,41.668502],[-71.17609,41.668102],[-71.153989,41.664102],[-71.14587,41.662795],[-71.135188,41.660502],[-71.134688,41.660502],[-71.132888,41.660102],[-71.13267,41.658744],[-71.134478,41.641262],[-71.134484,41.641198],[-71.135688,41.628402],[-71.140468,41.623893],[-71.141509,41.616076],[-71.14091,41.607405],[-71.140588,41.605102]]],[[[-71.3312,41.580318],[-71.335949,41.585898],[-71.337048,41.594688],[-71.333751,41.605859],[-71.329559,41.609097],[-71.326609,41.616114],[-71.325877,41.623988],[-71.333305,41.629536],[-71.34657,41.632229],[-71.362869,41.651457],[-71.366165,41.66098],[-71.348402,41.663727],[-71.338696,41.658782],[-71.336182,41.647961],[-71.337048,41.646146],[-71.342514,41.644791],[-71.343666,41.6399],[-71.330711,41.632992],[-71.314889,41.630398],[-71.30555,41.622523],[-71.303352,41.606591],[-71.307381,41.597984],[-71.317474,41.583187],[-71.326103,41.578583],[-71.3312,41.580318]]],[[[-71.281571,41.648207],[-71.278171,41.647309],[-71.274315,41.638125],[-71.283791,41.637797],[-71.286755,41.642725],[-71.283005,41.644434],[-71.281571,41.648207]]],[[[-71.58955,41.196557],[-71.580228,41.204837],[-71.577301,41.21471],[-71.576661,41.224434],[-71.573785,41.228436],[-71.561093,41.224207],[-71.555006,41.216822],[-71.554067,41.212957],[-71.557459,41.204542],[-71.564119,41.195372],[-71.565752,41.184373],[-71.560969,41.176186],[-71.550226,41.166787],[-71.544446,41.164912],[-71.543872,41.161321],[-71.547051,41.153684],[-71.551953,41.151718],[-71.5937,41.146339],[-71.599993,41.146932],[-71.611706,41.153239],[-71.613133,41.160281],[-71.605565,41.182139],[-71.594994,41.188392],[-71.58955,41.196557]]],[[[-71.797649,41.928556],[-71.797922,41.935395],[-71.799242,42.008065],[-71.76601,42.009745],[-71.576908,42.014098],[-71.559439,42.014342],[-71.527606,42.014998],[-71.527306,42.015098],[-71.500905,42.017098],[-71.499905,42.017198],[-71.498258,42.01722],[-71.458104,42.017762],[-71.381401,42.018798],[-71.381466,41.984998],[-71.381501,41.966699],[-71.381401,41.964799],[-71.3816,41.922899],[-71.3817,41.922699],[-71.3817,41.893199],[-71.3766,41.893999],[-71.373799,41.894399],[-71.370999,41.894599],[-71.365399,41.895299],[-71.364699,41.895399],[-71.362499,41.895599],[-71.354699,41.896499],[-71.352699,41.896699],[-71.338698,41.898399],[-71.339298,41.893599],[-71.339298,41.893399],[-71.340798,41.8816],[-71.333997,41.8623],[-71.342198,41.8448],[-71.341797,41.8437],[-71.335197,41.8355],[-71.337597,41.8337],[-71.339597,41.832],[-71.344897,41.828],[-71.347197,41.8231],[-71.339197,41.809],[-71.338897,41.8083],[-71.339297,41.8065],[-71.339297,41.8044],[-71.340797,41.8002],[-71.340697,41.7983],[-71.339297,41.7963],[-71.335797,41.7948],[-71.333896,41.7945],[-71.332196,41.7923],[-71.329296,41.7868],[-71.329396,41.7826],[-71.327896,41.780501],[-71.317795,41.776101],[-71.31779,41.776099],[-71.261392,41.752301],[-71.225709,41.711603],[-71.224798,41.710498],[-71.227875,41.705498],[-71.240991,41.697744],[-71.237635,41.681635],[-71.24155,41.667205],[-71.25956,41.642595],[-71.267055,41.644945],[-71.270075,41.652439],[-71.26918,41.6549],[-71.280366,41.672575],[-71.287637,41.672463],[-71.290546,41.662395],[-71.299159,41.649531],[-71.301396,41.649978],[-71.303746,41.654788],[-71.306095,41.672575],[-71.302627,41.681747],[-71.298935,41.681524],[-71.293119,41.688347],[-71.291217,41.702666],[-71.305759,41.718662],[-71.31482,41.723808],[-71.342786,41.728506],[-71.350057,41.727835],[-71.353172,41.725191],[-71.353748,41.724702],[-71.365717,41.711615],[-71.365717,41.694947],[-71.372988,41.672575],[-71.37791,41.666646],[-71.382049,41.667317],[-71.38988,41.671903],[-71.390775,41.680629],[-71.389432,41.683425],[-71.390551,41.684096],[-71.418069,41.684208],[-71.441336,41.686446],[-71.443082,41.688303],[-71.441896,41.690025],[-71.445923,41.691144],[-71.449318,41.687401],[-71.444468,41.664409],[-71.430038,41.667541],[-71.425452,41.670785],[-71.409302,41.662643],[-71.408636,41.653819],[-71.40377,41.589321],[-71.447712,41.5804],[-71.442567,41.565075],[-71.421649,41.537892],[-71.417398,41.534536],[-71.414825,41.523126],[-71.414937,41.516303],[-71.421425,41.498629],[-71.419971,41.484758],[-71.417957,41.482073],[-71.417621,41.477934],[-71.418404,41.472652],[-71.421157,41.469888],[-71.422991,41.472682],[-71.430744,41.470636],[-71.430926,41.465655],[-71.427935,41.459529],[-71.428652,41.454158],[-71.433612,41.444995],[-71.43767,41.441302],[-71.441199,41.441602],[-71.448948,41.438479],[-71.455845,41.432986],[-71.455371,41.407962],[-71.474918,41.386104],[-71.483295,41.371722],[-71.513401,41.374702],[-71.526724,41.376636],[-71.555381,41.373316],[-71.624505,41.36087],[-71.68807,41.342823],[-71.701631,41.336968],[-71.72074,41.331567],[-71.773702,41.327977],[-71.785957,41.325739],[-71.833755,41.315631],[-71.857432,41.306318],[-71.862772,41.309791],[-71.862109,41.316612],[-71.860513,41.320248],[-71.839013,41.334042],[-71.829595,41.344544],[-71.835951,41.353935],[-71.837738,41.363529],[-71.831613,41.370899],[-71.833443,41.384524],[-71.842131,41.395359],[-71.843472,41.40583],[-71.842563,41.409855],[-71.839649,41.412119],[-71.81839,41.419599],[-71.797683,41.416709],[-71.789359,41.596852],[-71.789356,41.59691],[-71.787637,41.639917],[-71.786994,41.655992],[-71.789672,41.724569],[-71.789678,41.724734],[-71.791062,41.770273],[-71.792767,41.807001],[-71.792786,41.80867],[-71.794161,41.840141],[-71.794161,41.841101],[-71.797649,41.928556]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Rhode Island\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
http://ma.water.usgs.gov
http://ri.water.usgs.gov
Watersheds recently burned by wildfires can have an increased susceptibility to debris flow, although little is known about how long this susceptibility persists, and how it changes over time. We here use a compilation of 75 debris-flow response and fire-ignition dates, vegetation and bedrock class, rainfall regime, and initiation process from throughout the western U.S. to address these issues. The great majority (85 percent) of debris flows occurred within the first 12 months following wildfire, with 71 percent within the first six months. Seven percent of the debris flows occurred between 1 and 1.5 years after a fire, or during the second rainy season to impact an area. Within the first 1.5 years following fires, all but one of the debris flows initiated through runoff-dominated processes, and debris flows occurred in similar proportions in forested and non-forested landscapes. Geologic materials affected how long debris-flow activity persisted, and the timing of debris flows varied within different rainfall regimes. A second, later period of increased debris flow susceptibility between 2.2 and 10 years after fires is indicated by the remaining 8 percent of events, which occurred primarily in forested terrains and initiated largely through landslide processes. The short time period between fire and debris-flow response within the first 1.5 years after ignition, and the longer-term response between 2.2 and 10 years after fire, demonstrate the necessity of both rapid and long-term reactions by land managers and emergency-response agencies to mitigate hazards from debris flows from recently burned areas in the western U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/EEG-1677","usgsCitation":"DeGraff, J.V., Cannon, S.H., and Gartner, J.E., 2015, Timing of susceptibility to post-fire debris flows in the western USA: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 21, no. 4, p. 277-292, https://doi.org/10.2113/EEG-1677.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"292","ipdsId":"IP-064862","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-96.443408,42.489495],[-96.079915,41.757895],[-96.089714,41.531778],[-95.871489,41.295797],[-95.885349,40.721093],[-95.41932,40.048442],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-95.113077,39.559133],[-94.615834,39.160003],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.431822,35.397652],[-94.485528,33.663388],[-94.386086,33.544923],[-94.070395,33.574561],[-94.0427,32.056012],[-93.523248,31.037842],[-93.765822,30.333318],[-93.702436,30.112721],[-93.922744,29.818808],[-93.852868,29.675885],[-94.731047,29.369141],[-94.532348,29.5178],[-94.767246,29.525523],[-94.724616,29.774766],[-94.965963,29.70033],[-94.894234,29.338],[-95.16525,29.113566],[-94.73132,29.338066],[-94.803695,29.279237],[-96.341617,28.417334],[-95.983106,28.641942],[-96.221784,28.580364],[-96.287942,28.683164],[-96.473694,28.57324],[-96.664534,28.696904],[-96.481836,28.407844],[-96.790235,28.383926],[-96.898123,28.152881],[-97.21535,28.076575],[-97.040618,28.028708],[-97.183455,27.833231],[-97.354614,27.849572],[-97.296598,27.613947],[-97.399398,27.344735],[-97.640111,27.270943],[-97.485149,27.250841],[-97.552325,26.867633],[-97.145567,25.971132],[-97.445113,25.850026],[-97.711145,26.033043],[-98.20496,26.066419],[-99.110855,26.426278],[-99.452316,27.062669],[-99.556812,27.614336],[-99.841708,27.766464],[-100.280518,28.267969],[-100.785521,29.228137],[-101.441059,29.753451],[-102.341033,29.869305],[-102.698347,29.695591],[-103.107811,29.013812],[-103.427754,29.042334],[-104.46652,29.609296],[-104.924796,30.604832],[-106.158218,31.438885],[-106.381039,31.73211],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-117.118868,32.534706],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-119.159554,34.119653],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-120.441975,34.451512],[-120.608355,34.556656],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.873046,35.225688],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.880167,36.950151],[-122.140578,36.97495],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.511983,37.77113],[-122.425942,37.810979],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.144396,37.581866],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.484411,38.11496],[-122.492474,37.82484],[-122.972378,38.020247],[-123.103706,38.415541],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.536073,42.814175],[-124.150267,43.91085],[-123.962887,45.280218],[-123.996766,46.20399],[-123.548194,46.248245],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.06842,46.601397],[-123.97083,46.47537],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-124.022413,46.708973],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.637425,47.889945],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.364168,47.335953],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.425572,48.232887],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.424102,48.334346],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.796887,48.975026],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.145243,48.174046],[-96.854812,47.606328],[-96.774763,46.607461],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.82616,45.654164],[-96.452315,45.208986],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.591213,43.500514],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.630311,42.770885],[-96.443408,42.489495]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.795938,33.962929],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.32446,33.348782],[-118.593969,33.467198],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-97.240849,26.411504],[-97.383531,26.875521],[-97.366771,27.333276],[-96.946988,28.026522],[-96.403206,28.371475],[-96.929053,27.99044],[-97.276091,27.472145],[-97.370731,26.909706],[-97.161471,26.088705],[-97.240849,26.411504]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.400628,48.036563],[-122.419274,47.912125],[-122.744612,48.20965],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.883759,48.418793],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.800217,48.60169]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"21","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5971c1c4e4b0ec1a4885dadd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeGraff, Jerome V.","contributorId":85709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGraff","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189945,"text":"70189945 - 2015 - Hydrogeochemistry and microbiology of mine drainage: An update","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T19:26:47","indexId":"70189945","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeochemistry and microbiology of mine drainage: An update","docAbstract":"The extraction of mineral resources requires access through underground workings, or open pit operations, or through drillholes for solution mining. Additionally, mineral processing can generate large quantities of waste, including mill tailings, waste rock and refinery wastes, heap leach pads, and slag. Thus, through mining and mineral processing activities, large surface areas of sulfide minerals can be exposed to oxygen, water, and microbes, resulting in accelerated oxidation of sulfide and other minerals and the potential for the generation of low-quality drainage. The oxidation of sulfide minerals in mine wastes is accelerated by microbial catalysis of the oxidation of aqueous ferrous iron and sulfide. These reactions, particularly when combined with evaporation, can lead to extremely acidic drainage and very high concentrations of dissolved constituents. Although acid mine drainage is the most prevalent and damaging environmental concern associated with mining activities, generation of saline, basic and neutral drainage containing elevated concentrations of dissolved metals, non-metals, and metalloids has recently been recognized as a potential environmental concern. Acid neutralization reactions through the dissolution of carbonate, hydroxide, and silicate minerals and formation of secondary aluminum and ferric hydroxide phases can moderate the effects of acid generation and enhance the formation of secondary hydrated iron and aluminum minerals which may lessen the concentration of dissolved metals. Numerical models provide powerful tools for assessing impacts of these reactions on water quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.008","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., Blowes, D., and Ptacek, C., 2015, Hydrogeochemistry and microbiology of mine drainage: An update: Applied Geochemistry, v. 57, p. 3-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.008.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-063646","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5980419ae4b0a38ca278933e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blowes, D.W","contributorId":195353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blowes","given":"D.W","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ptacek, C.J.","contributorId":195354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ptacek","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155017,"text":"ofr20151131 - 2015 - Archiving California’s historical duck nesting data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-01T17:16:02","indexId":"ofr20151131","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-14T19:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1131","title":"Archiving California’s historical duck nesting data","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in partnership with the California Waterfowl Association (CWA) and other organizations, have compiled large datasets on the nesting ecology and management of dabbling ducks and associated upland nesting birds (Northern Harriers [Circus cyaneus], Short-eared Owls [Asio flammeus], Ring-necked Pheasants [Phasianus colchicus], and American Bitterns [Botaurus lentiginosus]) throughout California on Federal Refuges, State Wildlife Areas, and private lands, some participating in State and Federal habitat programs. These datasets encompass several long-term monitoring programs at multiple sites throughout California, and include data from more than 26,000 nests and span nearly 30 years.
\nThese historical datasets represent some of the longest term datasets on nesting ducks in North America, if not the world. They are extremely valuable for ongoing waterfowl management and habitat conservation efforts in California, as well as throughout the world. However, without organization and electronic access, these data are an untapped resource and are not being used to the full extent possible. Prior to this project, these datasets were scattered among various agencies and organizations, and original paper nest cards were being stored in cardboard boxes in attics and storage containers that were not suitable for long-term archival storage. In addition, most of these data had not been entered into a computerized database and thus were at high risk for permanent data loss.
\nTo protect this irreplaceable dataset, we submitted a series of proposals to obtain funds to complete this data archival project over the past 5 years. The Central Valley Joint Venture, USGS Data Rescue Program, and USGS Ecosystems Mission Area funded this data archival project. In addition, we leveraged other USGS projects on nesting shorebirds, songbirds, and seabirds to use further resources to more fully develop the nest database structure for use on nesting waterfowl. Specifically, this large dataset on ducks was archived by USGS, but the dataset is owned and managed by a consortium of organizations. Therefore, any access and use of this data must occur through the principal investigators, who contributed data and resources to this archival project, as detailed in section, “Data Availability.”
\nWith the conclusion of this project, most duck nest data have been entered, but all nest-captured hen data and other breeding waterfowl data that were outside the scope of this project have still not been entered and electronically archived. Maintaining an up-to-date archive will require additional resources to archive and enter the new duck nest data each year in an iterative process. Further, data proofing should be conducted whenever possible, and also should be considered an iterative process as there was sometimes missing data that could not be filled in without more direct knowledge of specific projects. Despite these disclaimers, this duck data archive represents a massive and useful dataset to inform future research and management questions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151131","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Waterfowl Association, University of California-Davis, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J.T., Herzog, M.P., Brady, C., Eadie, J.M., and Yarris, G.S., 2015, Archiving California’s historical duck nesting data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1131, 26 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151131.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-066560","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305718,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1131/ofr20151131.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1131 Report"},{"id":305719,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1131/ofr20151131_appendixa.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"220 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1131 Appendix A"},{"id":305720,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1131/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
http://werc.usgs.gov/
As part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Groundwater Resources Program study of the Appalachian Plateaus aquifers, annual and average estimates of water-budget components based on hydrograph separation and precipitation data from parameter-elevation regressions on independent slopes model (PRISM) were determined at 849 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations from Mississippi to New York and covered the period of 1900 to 2011. Only complete calendar years (January to December) of streamflow record at each gage were used to determine estimates of base flow, which is that part of streamflow attributed to groundwater discharge; such estimates can serve as a proxy for annual recharge. For each year, estimates of annual base flow, runoff, and base-flow index were determined using computer programs—PART, HYSEP, and BFI—that have automated the separation procedures. These streamflow-hydrograph analysis methods are provided with version 1.0 of the U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Toolbox, which is a new program that provides graphing, mapping, and analysis capabilities in a Windows environment. Annual values of precipitation were estimated by calculating the average of cell values intercepted by basin boundaries where previously defined in the GAGES–II dataset. Estimates of annual evapotranspiration were then calculated from the difference between precipitation and streamflow.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds944","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Nelms, D.L., Messinger, Terence, and McCoy, K.J., 2015, Annual and average estimates of water-budget components based on hydrograph separation and PRISM precipitation for gaged basins in the Appalachian Plateaus Region, 1900–2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 944, 10 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds944.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 10 p.; 3 Appendices; Database; Metadata","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060622","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305698,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds944_pmas_SW_Sites_pt.xml","text":"ds944_pmas_SW_Sites_pt.xml"},{"id":305699,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds944_pmas_Annual_WaterBudget.xml","text":"ds944_pmas_Annual_WaterBudget.xml"},{"id":305700,"rank":9,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds944_pmas_Average_WaterBudget.xml","text":"ds944_pmas_Average_WaterBudget.xml"},{"id":305624,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0944/ds944.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.65 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 944"},{"id":305625,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0944/ds944_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"131 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"List of streamflow-gaging stations in the Appalachian Plateaus region used to estimate annual water-budget components based on hydrograph separation and PRISM precipitation, 1900-2011"},{"id":305626,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0944/ds944_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"6.32 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Annual estimates of water-budget components based on hydrograph separation and PRISM precipitation for gaged basins in the Appalachian Plateaus region, 1900-2011"},{"id":305627,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0944/ds944_appendix3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"193 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Average estimates for the period of analysis of water-budget compo-nents based on hydrograph separation and PRISM precipitation for gaged basins in the Appalachian Plateaus region, 1900–2011"},{"id":305628,"rank":8,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/dsdl/HydrographSeparation_PMAS_DS944_mdb.zip","text":"Geodatabase","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"HydrographSeparation_PMAS_DS944"},{"id":305623,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0944/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Plateaus Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n -86.923828125,\n 31.690781806136822\n ],\n [\n -85.62744140625,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -85.2978515625,\n 33.50475906922606\n ],\n [\n -85.01220703125,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 34.74161249883172\n ],\n [\n -84.638671875,\n 35.0120020431607\n ],\n [\n -84.70458984375,\n 35.51434313431818\n ],\n [\n -84.00146484374999,\n 35.96022296929667\n ],\n [\n -82.5732421875,\n 36.58024660149866\n ],\n [\n -81.97998046875,\n 36.96744946416931\n ],\n [\n -81.01318359375,\n 37.24782120155428\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -79.6728515625,\n 38.53097889440026\n ],\n [\n -79.27734374999999,\n 38.496593518947556\n ],\n [\n -78.94775390625,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -78.22265625,\n 39.38526381099777\n ],\n [\n -77.87109375,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -77.27783203125,\n 40.93011520598305\n ],\n [\n -76.35498046875,\n 40.93011520598305\n ],\n [\n -75.60791015625,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -75.38818359375,\n 41.55792157780418\n ],\n [\n -75.60791015625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -76.46484375,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -77.32177734375,\n 42.08191667830631\n ],\n [\n -77.54150390625,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -77.9150390625,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -78.28857421875,\n 42.76314586689494\n ],\n [\n -78.68408203124999,\n 42.76314586689494\n ],\n [\n -78.85986328125,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -78.85986328125,\n 42.32606244456202\n ],\n [\n -79.25537109375,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n -79.56298828125,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -80.5078125,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -81.34277343749999,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -82.02392578125,\n 41.492120839687786\n ],\n [\n -82.5732421875,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -83.16650390625,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -83.69384765625,\n 41.36031866306708\n ],\n [\n -83.86962890625,\n 41.02964338716638\n ],\n [\n -83.95751953125,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -84.17724609375,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -84.04541015625,\n 40.38002840251183\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 39.85915479295669\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 39.45316112807394\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 39.04478604850143\n ],\n [\n -84.08935546875,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -84.39697265625,\n 38.993572058209466\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 38.805470223177466\n ],\n [\n -85.27587890625,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -85.25390625,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -85.1220703125,\n 37.84015683604134\n ],\n [\n -85.166015625,\n 37.56199695314352\n ],\n [\n -85.5615234375,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -86.02294921875,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -86.6162109375,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -87.099609375,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -87.47314453125,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -87.01171875,\n 36.79169061907076\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 36.58024660149866\n ],\n [\n -86.46240234375,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -86.94580078125,\n 35.871246850027966\n ],\n [\n -87.34130859375,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -87.20947265625,\n 35.42486791930558\n ],\n [\n -87.25341796875,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -87.51708984375,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 35.02999636902566\n ],\n [\n -88.48388671874999,\n 34.90395296559004\n ],\n [\n -89.20898437499999,\n 34.56085936708384\n ],\n [\n -89.36279296875,\n 33.97980872872457\n ],\n [\n -89.14306640625,\n 33.44977658311846\n ],\n [\n -89.05517578125,\n 33.00866349457558\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 32.175612478499325\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
http://va.water.usgs.gov
In cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, groundwater levels in wells located in the northern Green River Basin in Wyoming, an area of ongoing energy development, were measured by the U.S. Geological Survey from 2010 to 2014. The wells were completed in the uppermost aquifers of the Green River Basin lower Tertiary aquifer system, which is a complex regional aquifer system that provides water to most wells in the area. Except for near perennial streams, groundwater-level altitudes in most aquifers generally decreased with increasing depth, indicating a general downward potential for groundwater movement in the study area. Drilled depth of the wells was observed as a useful indicator of depth to groundwater such that deeper wells typically had a greater depth to groundwater. Comparison of a subset of wells included in this study that had historical groundwater levels that were measured during the 1960s and 1970s and again between 2012 and 2014 indicated that, overall, most of the wells showed a net decline in groundwater levels.
\nThe groundwater-level measurements were used to construct a generalized potentiometric-surface map of the Green River Basin lower Tertiary aquifer system. Groundwater-level altitudes measured in nonflowing and flowing wells used to construct the potentiometric-surface map ranged from 6,451 to 7,307 feet (excluding four unmeasured flowing wells used for contour construction purposes). The potentiometric-surface map indicates that groundwater in the study area generally moves from north to south, but this pattern of flow is altered locally by groundwater divides, groundwater discharge to the Green River, and possibly to a tributary river (Big Sandy River) and two reservoirs (Fontenelle and Big Sandy Reservoirs).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155090","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Bartos, T.T., Hallberg, L.L., and Eddy-Miller, C.A., 2015, Hydrogeology, groundwater levels, and generalized potentiometric-surface map of the Green River Basin lower Tertiary aquifer system, 2010–14, in the northern\nGreen River structural basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5090, 33 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155090.","productDescription":"Report: v, 33p.; 1 Plate: 11.0 x 17.0 inches","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-062549","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305662,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5090/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305663,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5090/sir20155090.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.81 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5090"},{"id":305664,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5090/downloads/sir20155090_figure10.pdf","text":"Figure 10","size":"349 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Generalized potentiometric surface of the Green River Basin lower Tertiary aquifer system, 2010-14, northern Green River structural basin, Wyoming"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Green River structural basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.335693359375,\n 41.6770148220322\n ],\n [\n -110.335693359375,\n 42.35448465106744\n ],\n [\n -109.2645263671875,\n 42.35448465106744\n ],\n [\n -109.2645263671875,\n 41.6770148220322\n ],\n [\n -110.335693359375,\n 41.6770148220322\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3162 Bozeman Ave.
Helena, MT 59601
http://wy-mt.water.usgs.gov/
The primary goal of this research project was to evaluate the response of Moapa dace (Moapa coriacea) to the potential effects of changes in the amount of available habitat due to human influences such as ground water pumping, barriers to movement, and extirpation of Moapa dace from the mainstem Muddy River. To understand how these factors affect Moapa dace populations and to provide a tool to guide recovery actions, we developed a stochastic model to simulate Moapa dace population dynamics. Specifically, we developed an individual based model (IBM) to incorporate the critical components that drive Moapa dace population dynamics. Our model is composed of several interlinked submodels that describe changes in Moapa dace habitat as translated into carrying capacity, the influence of carrying capacity on demographic rates of dace, and the consequent effect on equilibrium population sizes. The model is spatially explicit and represents the stream network as eight discrete stream segments. The model operates at a monthly time step to incorporate seasonally varying reproduction. Growth rates of individuals vary among stream segments, with growth rates increasing along a headwater to mainstem gradient. Movement and survival of individuals are driven by density-dependent relationships that are influenced by the carrying capacity of each stream segment.
\nFirst, we calibrated the model to a historical time series of Moapa dace abundance estimates. The goal of the calibration was to estimate unknown parameters such as larval survival, carrying capacity of the tributary streams harboring the population of Moapa dace upstream of the gabion barrier, and carrying capacity of the mainstem Muddy River and tributaries. Based on historical abundance estimates, we found that the carrying capacity of the mainstem Muddy River was nearly twice the capacity of the tributary streams where Moapa dace have resided for the past 20 years.
\nGiven the calibrated model, we then conducted simulations to assess (1) the effect of altering migration barriers that restrict upstream and downstream movement of dace, and (2) the effect of changes in carrying capacity on equilibrium population sizes. We found that barriers to upstream movement led to extinction of subpopulations upstream of the barriers when initial population sizes were small. The probability of one or more subpopulations going extinct over a 50-year time horizon was >0.80 at initial population sizes of 10 non-larval and 70 larval dace, and was >0.40 at initial population sizes of 50 non-larval and 350 larval dace. The probability of a subpopulation going extinct decreased to zero when the initial population size exceeded 100 non-larval dace. Removal of upstream migration barriers eliminated extinctions of subpopulations, even at low initial population sizes. Compensatory mechanisms such as density-dependent survival and movement acted to buffer against local extinctions because stream segments could be quickly repopulated by dispersal when fish could access all stream segments.
\nProviding access to the mainstem Muddy River through removal of a gabion barrier that restricted upstream and downstream movement increased total population size from about 875 to 3,000 individuals. Additionally, because of higher growth rates of individuals in the mainstem Muddy River, the size structure of the population shifted towards larger individuals with higher fecundity, thereby increasing reproductive capacity of the population.
\nIncreasing or decreasing the total carrying capacity of all stream segments resulted in changes in equilibrium population size that were directly proportional to the change in capacity. However, changes in carrying capacity to some stream segments but not others could result in disproportionate changes in equilibrium population sizes by altering density-dependent movement and survival in the stream network. These simulations show how our IBM can provide a useful management tool for understanding the effect of restoration actions or reintroductions on carrying capacity, and, in turn, how these changes affect Moapa dace abundance. Such tools are critical for devising management strategies to achieve recovery goals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151126","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Perry, R.W., Jones, E.C., and Scoppettone, G.G., 2015, A stochastic population model to evaluate Moapa dace (Moapa coriacea) population growth under alternative management scenarios: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1126, 46 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151126.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062968","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305694,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1126/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305695,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1126/ofr20151126.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1126 Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Muddy River System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.52423095703124,\n 36.44448503928196\n ],\n [\n -114.52423095703124,\n 36.65850456897558\n ],\n [\n -114.31686401367188,\n 36.65850456897558\n ],\n [\n -114.31686401367188,\n 36.44448503928196\n ],\n [\n -114.52423095703124,\n 36.44448503928196\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
http://wfrc.usgs.gov/
Dust deposition onto mountain snow cover in the Upper Colorado River Basin frequently occurs in the spring when wind speeds and dust emission peaks on the nearby Colorado Plateau. Dust loading has increased since the intensive settlement in the western USA in the mid 1880s. The effects of dust-on-snow have been well studied at Senator Beck Basin Study Area (SBBSA) in the San Juan Mountains, CO, the first high-altitude area of contact for predominantly southwesterly winds transporting dust from the southern Colorado Plateau. To capture variability in dust transport from the broader Colorado Plateau and dust deposition across a larger area of the Colorado River water sources, an additional study plot was established in 2009 on Grand Mesa, 150 km to the north of SBBSA in west central, CO. Here, we compare the 4-year (2010–2013) dust source, deposition, and radiative forcing records at Grand Mesa Study Plot (GMSP) and Swamp Angel Study Plot (SASP), SBBSA's subalpine study plot. The study plots have similar site elevations/environments and differ mainly in the amount of dust deposited and ensuing impacts. At SASP, end of year dust concentrations ranged from 0.83 mg g−1 to 4.80 mg g−1, and daily mean spring dust radiative forcing ranged from 50–65 W m−2, advancing melt by 24–49 days. At GMSP, which received 1.0 mg g−1 less dust per season on average, spring radiative forcings of 32–50 W m−2 advanced melt by 15–30 days. Remote sensing imagery showed that observed dust events were frequently associated with dust emission from the southern Colorado Plateau. Dust from these sources generally passed south of GMSP, and back trajectory footprints modelled for observed dust events were commonly more westerly and northerly for GMSP relative to SASP. These factors suggest that although the southern Colorado Plateau contains important dust sources, dust contributions from other dust sources contribute to dust loading in this region, and likely account for the majority of dust loading at GMSP.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10569","usgsCitation":"Skiles, S.M., Painter, T.H., Belnap, J., Holland, L., Reynolds, R.L., Goldstein, H.L., and Lin, J., 2015, Regional variability in dust-on-snow processes and impacts in the Upper Colorado River Basin: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 26, p. 5397-5413, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10569.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"5397","endPage":"5413","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066323","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"26","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd58e4b03bc34f544b37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skiles, S. McKenzie","contributorId":147878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skiles","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"McKenzie","affiliations":[{"id":16952,"text":"University of California- Los Angeles, Joint Intitute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Painter, Thomas H.","contributorId":12378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holland, Lacey","contributorId":147879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holland","given":"Lacey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16953,"text":"University of Utah, Atmospheric Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":147880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goldstein, Harland L. 0000-0002-6092-8818 hgoldstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6092-8818","contributorId":147881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Harland","email":"hgoldstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lin, J.","contributorId":33065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70154740,"text":"ofr20151123 - 2015 - User’s guide to the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database 2.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T15:19:27","indexId":"ofr20151123","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-13T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1123","title":"User’s guide to the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database 2.0","docAbstract":"The North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD) was created in 2005 to consolidate data on the oceanic distribution of marine bird species in the North Pacific. Most of these data were collected on surveys by counting species within defined areas and at known locations (that is, on strip transects). The NPPSD also contains observations of other bird species and marine mammals. The original NPPSD combined data from 465 surveys conducted between 1973 and 2002, primarily in waters adjacent to Alaska. These surveys included 61,195 sample transects with location, environment, and metadata information, and the data were organized in a flat-file format. In developing NPPSD 2.0, our goals were to add new datasets, to make significant improvements to database functionality and to provide the database online. NPPSD 2.0 includes data from a broader geographic range within the North Pacific, including new observations made offshore of the Russian Federation, Japan, Korea, British Columbia (Canada), Oregon, and California. These data were imported into a relational database, proofed, and structured in a common format. NPPSD 2.0 contains 351,674 samples (transects) collected between 1973 and 2012, representing a total sampled area of 270,259 square kilometers, and extends the time series of samples in some areas—notably the Bering Sea—to four decades. It contains observations of 16,988,138 birds and 235,545 marine mammals and is available on the NPPSD Web site. Supplementary materials include an updated set of standardized taxonomic codes, reference maps that show the spatial and temporal distribution of the survey efforts and a downloadable query tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151123","usgsCitation":"Drew, G.S., Piatt, J.F., and Renner, M., 2015, User’s guide to the North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database 2.0:\nU.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1123, 52 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151123.","productDescription":"iv, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057923","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438690,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7WQ01T3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD)"},{"id":305444,"rank":2,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7WQ01T3","text":"North Pacific Pelagic Seabird Database (NPPSD)","size":"67.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"Database"},{"id":305552,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1123/cover.jpg"},{"id":305443,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1123/ofr20151123.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1123"}],"contact":"Director, Alaska Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Dr
Anchorage, Alaska 99508-4560
http://alaska.usgs.gov
The quantities of water and hydraulic fracturing proppant required for producing petroleum (oil, gas, and natural gas liquids) from continuous accumulations, and the quantities of water extracted during petroleum production, can be quantitatively assessed using a probabilistic approach. The water and proppant assessment methodology builds on the U.S. Geological Survey methodology for quantitative assessment of undiscovered technically recoverable petroleum resources in continuous accumulations. The U.S. Geological Survey assessment methodology for continuous petroleum accumulations includes fundamental concepts such as geologically defined assessment units, and probabilistic input values including well-drainage area, sweet- and non-sweet-spot areas, and success ratio within the untested area of each assessment unit. In addition to petroleum-related information, required inputs for the water and proppant assessment methodology include probabilistic estimates of per-well water usage for drilling, cementing, and hydraulic-fracture stimulation; the ratio of proppant to water for hydraulic fracturing; the percentage of hydraulic fracturing water that returns to the surface as flowback; and the ratio of produced water to petroleum over the productive life of each well. Water and proppant assessments combine information from recent or current petroleum assessments with water- and proppant-related input values for the assessment unit being studied, using Monte Carlo simulation, to yield probabilistic estimates of the volume of water for drilling, cementing, and hydraulic fracture stimulation; the quantity of proppant for hydraulic fracture stimulation; and the volumes of water produced as flowback shortly after well completion, and produced over the life of the well.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151117","usgsCitation":"Haines, S.S., 2015, Methodology for assessing quantities of water and proppant injection, and water production associated with development of continuous petroleum accumulations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1117, 18 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151117.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 18 p.; 3 Appendices","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-063289","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305632,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1117/ofr20151117.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.25","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OF 2015-1117"},{"id":305633,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1117/App_1_Water_Proppant_Assmt_Input_Form_6.8.15.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"77.4 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OF 2015-1117 Appendix 1"},{"id":305634,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1117/App_2_Continuous_water_proppant_6.8.2015.xlsm","text":"Appendix 2","size":"55.7 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OF 2015-1117 Appendix 2"},{"id":305631,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1117/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305635,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1117/App_4_CORE cover letter.pdf","text":"Appendix 4","size":"119 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OF 2015-1117 Appendix 4"}],"contact":"Director, Central Energy Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 25046
Denver, CO 80225
http://energy.usgs.gov/
The Ozark aquifer is the largest aquifer, both in area of outcrop and thickness, and the most important source of freshwater in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province, supplying water to northern Arkansas, southeastern Kansas, southern Missouri, and northeastern Oklahoma. The study area includes 16 Arkansas counties lying completely or partially within the Ozark Plateaus of the Interior Highlands major physiographic division. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Geological Survey, conducted a study of water levels in the Ozark aquifer within Arkansas. This report presents a potentiometric-surface map of the Ozark aquifer within the Ozark Plateaus of northern Arkansas, representing water-level conditions for the early spring of 2013 and selected water-level hydrographs.
\nThe Ozark aquifer in Arkansas is composed of dolomites, limestones, sandstones, and shales of Late Cambrian to Middle Devonian age and ranges in thickness from approximately 1,100 feet (ft) in northwestern Arkansas to more than 4,000 ft in the west-central part of Arkansas. Most wells completed in the aquifer yield between 50 and 100 gallons per minute (gal/min), although some wells may yield as much as 600 gal/min.
\nWater-level measurements were made in wells completed in the Ozark aquifer from February to May 2013. Hydrographs were constructed for nine wells that have water-level measurements with a minimum 20-year period of record.
\nWater-level altitudes in wells used to construct the potentiometric-surface map range from about 1,159 ft to 313 ft above National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29). The highest water-level altitudes occur in Carroll and Washington Counties while water-level altitudes of less than 400 ft above NGVD 29 are mapped along the eastern and southeastern part of the study area in Independence, Lawrence, Randolph, and Sharp Counties. The lowest water level of 313 ft above NGVD 29 was measured in southwestern Randolph County.
\nThe direction of groundwater flow generally is affected by local topography, flowing from high altitudes toward stream valleys. In southern Baxter, eastern Fulton, Independence, eastern Izard, Lawrence, Randolph, and Sharp Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the south and southeast. In western Fulton and Izard Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the southwest. In Boone, Marion, Newton, Searcy, and Stone Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the east and northeast. In eastern Benton, Carroll, Madison, and eastern Washington Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the north and northeast. In western Benton and western Washington Counties, the groundwater flow is generally to the west and northwest.
\nThe general level and shape of the potentiometric surface has changed little since predevelopment. A comparison of the predevelopment potentiometric surface and the 2007, 2010, and 2013 potentiometric surfaces indicate general agreement between the mapped surfaces with the exception of parts of Benton, Boone, Marion, and Washington Counties. In Boone and northern Marion Counties in 2013, water levels have declined when compared to the predevelopment potentiometric surface, although the direction of flow is still to the northeast and north. In southern Marion County, water levels have declined when compared to the predevelopment, 2007, and 2010 potentiometric surfaces, although the direction of flow is towards and along the stream valleys. In western Benton and northwestern Washington Counties, water levels are similar when compared to the predevelopment potentiometric surface, and the direction of flow is to the west and northwest, similar to the predevelopment direction of flow. The mapped 2007 and 2010 potentiometric surfaces are very different from the mapped 2013 potentiometric surface in western Benton and northwestern Washington Counties. The mapped 2013 potentiometric surface in western Benton and northwestern Washington Counties follows the contours of the top of the formation, similar to the predevelopment potentiometric surface. Since 1975, water use in the Ozark aquifer has declined 45 percent, while water levels in Benton, Boone, Marion, and Washington Counties continue to decline.
\nNine hydrographs were selected as representative of the water-level conditions in their respective counties. Wells in Fulton, Izard, and Newton Counties (station names 20N08W27ABD1, 18N09W15BCB1, and 16N21W34ABC1, respectively) have water levels that are within the usual range of values for their respective counties. Wells in Boone, Marion, and Washington Counties (station names 18N19W19BCC1, 19N15W20ACC1, and 16N32W09ABD1, respectively) have water levels that have recently declined or are declining for the period of record. Wells in Benton, Carroll, and Sharp Counties (station names 19N29W07DAA1, 21N26W17BCC1, and 15N05W06DDD1, respectively) have water levels that have been rising recently.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Schrader, T.P., 2015, Water levels of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5088, 17 p., 1 pl., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155088.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; 1 Plate: 17.0 x 11.0 inches","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059919","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305590,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5088/pdf/sir20155088-pl1.pdf","text":"Plate","size":"628 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5088 Plate"},{"id":305588,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5088/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305589,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5088/pdf/sir20155088.pdf","text":"Report","size":"971 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5088"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Ozark Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.625244140625,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -90.72509765625,\n 36.474306755095206\n ],\n [\n -90.670166015625,\n 36.19995805932895\n ],\n [\n -90.7470703125,\n 36.06686213257888\n ],\n [\n -91.131591796875,\n 35.93354064249312\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 35.755428369259626\n ],\n [\n -91.49414062499999,\n 35.639441068973916\n ],\n [\n -91.73583984374999,\n 35.7286770448517\n ],\n [\n -91.8017578125,\n 35.89795019335754\n ],\n [\n -94.537353515625,\n 35.79999392988527\n ],\n [\n -94.625244140625,\n 36.500805317604794\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
401 Hardin Road
Little Rock, Arkansas 72211-3528
http://ar.water.usgs.gov/
The relative merits of model complexity and types of observations employed in model calibration are compared. An existing groundwater flow model coupled with an advective transport simulation of the Salt Lake Valley, Utah (USA), is adapted for advective transport, and effective porosity is adjusted until simulated tritium concentrations match concentrations in samples from wells. Two calibration approaches are used: a “complex” highly parameterized porosity field and a “simple” parsimonious model of porosity distribution. The use of an atmospheric tracer (tritium in this case) and apparent ages (from tritium/helium) in model calibration also are discussed. Of the models tested, the complex model (with tritium concentrations and tritium/helium apparent ages) performs best. Although tritium breakthrough curves simulated by complex and simple models are very generally similar, and there is value in the simple model, the complex model is supported by a more realistic porosity distribution and a greater number of estimable parameters. Culling the best quality data did not lead to better calibration, possibly because of processes and aquifer characteristics that are not simulated. Despite many factors that contribute to shortcomings of both the models and the data, useful information is obtained from all the models evaluated. Although any particular prediction of tritium breakthrough may have large errors, overall, the models mimic observed trends.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1007/s10040-015-1289-3","usgsCitation":"Starn, J., Bagtzoglou, A., and Green, C.T., 2015, The effects of numerical-model complexity and observation type on estimated porosity values: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 6, p. 1121-1128, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1289-3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1121","endPage":"1128","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059357","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1289-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314146,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Salt Lake Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.5,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -112.5,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e066e4b039675d005e9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starn, Jeffrey jjstarn@usgs.gov","contributorId":149231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starn","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jjstarn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C.","contributorId":30146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagtzoglou","given":"Amvrossios C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148091,"text":"tm4C4 - 2015 - Design, analysis, and interpretation of field quality-control data for water-sampling projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T13:58:28.962369","indexId":"tm4C4","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-10T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"4-C4","title":"Design, analysis, and interpretation of field quality-control data for water-sampling projects","docAbstract":"The process of obtaining and analyzing water samples from the environment includes a number of steps that can affect the reported result. The equipment used to collect and filter samples, the bottles used for specific subsamples, any added preservatives, sample storage in the field, and shipment to the laboratory have the potential to affect how accurately samples represent the environment from which they were collected. During the early 1990s, the U.S. Geological Survey implemented policies to include the routine collection of quality-control samples in order to evaluate these effects and to ensure that water-quality data were adequately representing environmental conditions. Since that time, the U.S. Geological Survey Office of Water Quality has provided training in how to design effective field quality-control sampling programs and how to evaluate the resultant quality-control data. This report documents that training material and provides a reference for methods used to analyze quality-control data.
\nQuality-control data are those generated from the collection and analysis of quality-control samples, and are used to estimate the magnitude of errors in the process of obtaining environmental data. “Bias” and “variability” are the terms used in this report for the two types of errors in environmental data that are quantified by the data from quality-control samples. Bias is the systematic error inherent in a method or measurement system. Variability is the random error that occurs in independent measurements. The types of field quality-control samples discussed in this report include blanks, spikes, and replicates. Blanks are samples prepared with water that is intended to be free of measurable constituents that will be analyzed by the laboratory; blanks are used to estimate bias caused by contamination. Spiked samples are modified by addition of specific analytes; spikes are used to determine the performance of analytical methods and to estimate the potential bias due to matrix interference or analyte degradation. Replicate samples are two or more samples that are considered to be essentially identical in composition. Replicates are used to evaluate variability in analytical results. Various sub-types of these quality-control samples are defined and discussed in this report, and guidance is provided for incorporating the proper samples into the design for a project. The concept of inference space is introduced to help determine where and when quality-control samples should be collected as well as which environmental samples are related to a set of quality-control samples. The recommended basic quality-control design incorporates project-specific considerations, such as the objectives and scale of the study, and hydrologic and chemical conditions within the study area.
\nThe report provides extensive information about statistical methods used to analyze quality-control data in order to estimate potential bias and variability in environmental data. These methods include construction of confidence intervals on various statistical measures, such as the mean, percentiles and percentages, and standard deviation. The methods are used to compare quality-control results with the larger set of environmental data in order to determine whether the effects of bias and variability might interfere with interpretation of these data. Examples from published reports are presented to illustrate how the methods are applied, how bias and variability are reported, and how the interpretation of environmental data can be qualified based on the quality-control analysis.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section C in Book 4 Hydrologic analysis and interpretation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/tm4C4","usgsCitation":"Mueller, D.K., Schertz, T.L., Martin, J.D., and Sandstrom, M.W., 2015, Design, analysis, and interpretation of field quality-control data for water-sampling projects: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 4-C4, viii, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4C4.","productDescription":"viii, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"65","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056948","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm4C4.jpg"},{"id":305660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/c04/pdf/tm4c4.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.72 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":305622,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/c04/"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 4 of Section C in Book 4 Hydrologic analysis and interpretation","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eee2e4b0bc0bec09edae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, David K. mueller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"David","email":"mueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schertz, Terry L. tschertz@usgs.gov","contributorId":188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schertz","given":"Terry","email":"tschertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Jeffrey D. 0000-0003-1994-5285 jdmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5285","contributorId":1066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jdmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154797,"text":"70154797 - 2015 - Rapid water quality change in the Elwha River estuary complex during dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-17T13:42:56","indexId":"70154797","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-08T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid water quality change in the Elwha River estuary complex during dam removal","docAbstract":"Dam removal in the United States is increasing as a result of structural concerns, sedimentation of reservoirs, and declining riverine ecosystem conditions. The removal of the 32 m Elwha and 64 m Glines Canyon dams from the Elwha River in Washington, U.S.A., was the largest dam removal project in North American history. During the 3 yr of dam removal—from September 2011 to August 2014—more than ten million cubic meters of sediment was eroded from the former reservoirs, transported downstream, and deposited throughout the lower river, river delta, and nearshore waters of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Water quality data collected in the estuary complex at the mouth of the Elwha River document how conditions in the estuary changed as a result of sediment deposition over the 3 yr the dams were removed. Rapid and large-scale changes in estuary conditions—including salinity, depth, and turbidity—occurred 1 yr into the dam removal process. Tidal propagation into the estuary ceased following a large sediment deposition event that began in October 2013, resulting in decreased salinity, and increased depth and turbidity in the estuary complex. These changes have persisted in the system through dam removal, significantly altering the structure and functioning of the Elwha River estuary ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/lno.10129","usgsCitation":"Foley, M.M., Duda, J.J., Beirne, M., Paradis, R., Ritchie, A., and Warrick, J., 2015, Rapid water quality change in the Elwha River estuary complex during dam removal: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 60, no. 5, p. 1719-1732, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10129.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1719","endPage":"1732","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065467","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10129","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Elwha River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.61679077148438,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -123.61679077148438,\n 48.15600899174947\n ],\n [\n -123.475341796875,\n 48.15600899174947\n ],\n [\n -123.475341796875,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -123.61679077148438,\n 47.96050238891509\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"559e3ba5e4b0b94a64018f51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foley, Melissa M. 0000-0002-5832-6404 mfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5832-6404","contributorId":4861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Melissa","email":"mfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":145486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beirne, Matthew M.","contributorId":66984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beirne","given":"Matthew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paradis, Rebecca","contributorId":145488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paradis","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[{"id":13135,"text":"Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ritchie, Andrew","contributorId":35443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritchie","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":139314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148555,"text":"sim3333 - 2015 - Geologic and hydrostratigraphic map of the Anhalt, Fischer, and Spring Branch 7.5-minute quadrangles, Blanco, Comal, and Kendall Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T15:52:48","indexId":"sim3333","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-08T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3333","title":"Geologic and hydrostratigraphic map of the Anhalt, Fischer, and Spring Branch 7.5-minute quadrangles, Blanco, Comal, and Kendall Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"This report describes the geology and hydrostratigraphy of the Edwards and Trinity Groups in the Anhalt, Fischer, and Spring Branch 7.5-minute quadrangles, Blanco, Comal, and Kendall Counties, Texas. The hydrostratigraphy was defined based on variations in the amount and type of porosity of each lithostratigraphic unit, which varies depending on the unit’s original depositional environment, lithology, structural history, and diagenesis.
\nRocks exposed in the study area are of the Lower Cretaceous Trinity Group and lower part of the Kainer Formation of the Lower Cretaceous Edwards Group. The mapped outcrops in the study area are the Pearsall Formation and Glen Rose Limestone of the Trinity Group. The Pearsall Formation consists of, in ascending order: the Hammett Shale, Cow Creek Limestone, and Hensell Sand Member. The Glen Rose Limestone is composed of the informal lower and upper members. In the study area the Edwards Group consists only of the informal basal nodular member of the Kainer Formation. The faulting and fracturing in the study area are part of the Miocene-age Balcones fault zone, an extensional system of faults that generally trends southwest to northeast in south-central Texas. An igneous dike, containing aphanitic texture, cuts through part of the Anhalt quadrangle near the confluence of Honey Creek and the Guadalupe River. The dike penetrates the Cow Creek Limestone Member and the lower part of the Hensell Sand Member outcropping at three locations.
\nThe hydrostratigraphic units of the Edwards and Trinity aquifers have been mapped and described herein using a classification system developed by Choquette and Pray (1970), which is based on porosity types being fabric or not-fabric selective. The naming of hydrostratigraphic units is also based on preexisting names and topographic or historical features that occur in outcrop. The only hydrostratigraphic unit of the Edwards aquifer present in the study area is VIII hydrostratigraphic unit. The mapped hydrostratigraphic units of the upper Trinity aquifer are, from top to bottom: the cavernous, Camp Bullis, upper evaporite, fossiliferous, and lower evaporite and they are interval equivalent to the upper member of the Glen Rose Limestone. The middle Trinity aquifer (interval equivalent to the lower member of the Glen Rose Limestone) contains, from top to bottom: the Bulverde, Little Blanco, Twin Sisters, Doeppenschmidt, Rust, and Honey Creek hydrostratigraphic units. The lower part of the middle Trinity aquifer is formed by the Hensell, Cow Creek, and Hammett hydrostratigraphic units which are interval equivalent to the Hensell Sand Member, the Cow Creek Limestone, and the Hammett Shale Member, respectively, of the Pearsall Formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3333","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.K., and Morris, R.R., 2015, Geologic and hydrostratigraphic map of the Anhalt, Fischer, and Spring Branch 7.5-minute quadrangles, Blanco, Comal, and Kendall Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3333, Pamphlet: iv, 12 p.; Map: 50 x 20 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3333.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 12 p.; Map: 50 x 20 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059768","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3333.jpg"},{"id":305610,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3333/pdf/sim3333_map.pdf","text":"Map and Summary Table","size":"85.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Map"},{"id":305609,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3333/pdf/sim3333_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"8.06 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Pamphlet"},{"id":305587,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3333/"},{"id":305611,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3333/downloads/","text":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: geospatial database. Refer to the Readme and Metadata files for more information."}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Blanco County, Comal County, Kendall County","otherGeospatial":"Anhalt, Fischer, Spring Branch quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.37570190429688,\n 29.869228848968312\n ],\n [\n -98.37570190429688,\n 29.983486718474694\n ],\n [\n -98.24798583984375,\n 29.983486718474694\n ],\n [\n -98.24798583984375,\n 29.869228848968312\n ],\n [\n -98.37570190429688,\n 29.869228848968312\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.5089111328125,\n 29.869228848968312\n ],\n [\n -98.5089111328125,\n 29.983486718474694\n ],\n [\n -98.37844848632811,\n 29.983486718474694\n ],\n [\n -98.37844848632811,\n 29.869228848968312\n ],\n [\n -98.5089111328125,\n 29.869228848968312\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.51028442382811,\n 29.756032197482945\n ],\n [\n -98.51028442382811,\n 29.868037972862645\n ],\n [\n -98.37570190429688,\n 29.868037972862645\n ],\n [\n -98.37570190429688,\n 29.756032197482945\n ],\n [\n -98.51028442382811,\n 29.756032197482945\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8bee4b0ebae89b788d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Allan K. 0000-0003-0099-1521 akclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-1521","contributorId":1279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allan","email":"akclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morris, Robert R.","contributorId":141163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13701,"text":"Volunteer for Science, USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171042,"text":"70171042 - 2015 - Etheostoma brevirostrum (Holiday Darter)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T15:39:57","indexId":"70171042","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-08T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Etheostoma brevirostrum (Holiday Darter)","title":"Etheostoma brevirostrum (Holiday Darter)","docAbstract":"The life history of the Holiday Darter is incompletely known. Only reproductive behavior (Johnston and Shute 1997; Anderson 2009), habitat use, and spawning seasons (Anderson 2009) have been studied. However, based on similarity of life history attributes among snubnose darters (Carney and Burr 1989; Johnston and Haag 1996; Khudamrongsawat et al. 2005), the Holiday darter probably lives 3+ years and matures in the first year. It is likely a benthic omnivore, feeding primarily on chironomid (midge) larvae and other common orders of aquatic insects and occasional microcrustaceans. Spawning occurs from late March to early June, with most activity occurring in April. Based on four females from the Amicalola Creek system, fecundity ranged from 50 to 150 mature eggs, egg sizes ranged from 1.2mm to 1.6mm diameter. The Holiday Darter is an “egg attacher” (sensu Page and Swofford 1984). A spawning female is courted by multiple males, but a dominant (alpha) male aggressively rebuts encroaching males and defends a “roving territory” of the receptive female. The alpha male is the principal spawning partner although satellite males often rush a spawning pair. The receptive female slowly swims along the stream bottom, frequently stopping, apparently to assess substrate attributes, and selects each spawning site where only one or two eggs are spawned. The process is repeated and often covers several meters of stream bottom until the courted female finishes spawning and is abandoned by the alpha male. Water temperatures during spawning in Amicalola Creek and the upper Etowah River ranged 10 to 17° C (Anderson 2009).
","largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater information network: Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute","language":"English","publisher":"ICube","usgsCitation":"Burkhead, N.M., 2015, Etheostoma brevirostrum (Holiday Darter), chap. of Freshwater information network: Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030831","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Amicalola Creek, Etowah River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.2544937133789,\n 34.30487507190691\n ],\n [\n -84.2544937133789,\n 34.462126502013184\n ],\n [\n -84.122314453125,\n 34.462126502013184\n ],\n [\n -84.122314453125,\n 34.30487507190691\n ],\n [\n -84.2544937133789,\n 34.30487507190691\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dcfade4b0589fa1cbd571","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkhead, Noel M. nburkhead@usgs.gov","contributorId":3030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhead","given":"Noel","email":"nburkhead@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70155521,"text":"70155521 - 2015 - Holocene climate variability in Texas, USA: An integration of existing paleoclimate data and modeling with a new, high-resolution speleothem record","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-26T14:00:26","indexId":"70155521","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-07T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene climate variability in Texas, USA: An integration of existing paleoclimate data and modeling with a new, high-resolution speleothem record","docAbstract":"Delineating the climate processes governing precipitation variability in drought-prone Texas is critical for predicting and mitigating climate change effects, and requires the reconstruction of past climate beyond the instrumental record. We synthesize existing paleoclimate proxy data and climate simulations to provide an overview of climate variability in Texas during the Holocene. Conditions became progressively warmer and drier transitioning from the early to mid Holocene, culminating between 7 and 3 ka (thousand years ago), and were more variable during the late Holocene. The timing and relative magnitude of Holocene climate variability, however, is poorly constrained owing to considerable variability among the different records. To help address this, we present a new speleothem (NBJ) reconstruction from a central Texas cave that comprises the highest resolution proxy record to date, spanning the mid to late Holocene. NBJ trace-element concentrations indicate variable moisture conditions with no clear temporal trend. There is a decoupling between NBJ growth rate, trace-element concentrations, and δ18O values, which indicate that (i) the often direct relation between speleothem growth rate and moisture availability is likely complicated by changes in the overlying ecosystem that affect subsurface CO2 production, and (ii) speleothem δ18O variations likely reflect changes in moisture source (i.e., proportion of Pacific-vs. Gulf of Mexico-derived moisture) that appear not to be linked to moisture amount.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.023","usgsCitation":"Wong, C., Banner, J., and Musgrove, M., 2015, Holocene climate variability in Texas, USA: An integration of existing paleoclimate data and modeling with a new, high-resolution speleothem record: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 127, p. 155-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.023.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"173","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062965","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306533,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.0517578125,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -99.97558593749999,\n 36.50963615733049\n ],\n [\n -99.99755859375,\n 34.66935854524543\n ],\n [\n -99.7119140625,\n 34.415973384481866\n ],\n [\n -99.404296875,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -99.16259765625,\n 34.27083595165\n ],\n [\n -98.525390625,\n 34.10725639663118\n ],\n [\n -98.23974609375,\n 34.21634468843465\n ],\n [\n -96.3720703125,\n 33.96158628979907\n ],\n [\n -95.55908203125,\n 34.052659421375964\n ],\n [\n -94.8779296875,\n 34.03445260967645\n ],\n [\n -94.39453125,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -93.9990234375,\n 33.65120829920497\n ],\n [\n -93.9990234375,\n 31.970803930433096\n ],\n [\n -93.4716796875,\n 31.2221970321032\n ],\n [\n -93.40576171875,\n 30.90222470517144\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 30.543338954230222\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 29.954934549656144\n ],\n [\n -93.88916015625,\n 29.66896252599253\n ],\n [\n -95.51513671875,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -96.13037109375,\n 28.497660832963472\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 28.14950321154457\n ],\n [\n -97.09716796875,\n 27.488781168937997\n ],\n [\n -97.49267578125,\n 27.059125784374068\n ],\n [\n -97.42675781249999,\n 26.509904531413927\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 25.997549919572112\n ],\n [\n -97.44873046875,\n 25.799891182088334\n ],\n [\n -98.59130859375,\n 26.15543796871355\n ],\n [\n -99.228515625,\n 26.47057302237511\n ],\n [\n -99.84374999999999,\n 27.527758206861886\n ],\n [\n -100.92041015625,\n 29.0945770775118\n ],\n [\n -101.49169921875,\n 29.630771207229\n ],\n [\n -102.3046875,\n 29.783449456820605\n ],\n [\n -102.76611328125,\n 29.516110386062277\n ],\n [\n -103.1396484375,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -104.8974609375,\n 29.726222319395504\n ],\n [\n -104.78759765625,\n 30.088107753367257\n ],\n [\n -105.1171875,\n 30.58117925738696\n ],\n [\n -105.77636718749999,\n 30.996445897426373\n ],\n [\n -106.787109375,\n 31.87755764334002\n ],\n [\n -106.67724609375,\n 32.045332838858506\n ],\n [\n -103.07373046875,\n 31.989441837922904\n ],\n [\n -103.0517578125,\n 36.491973470593685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb34e4b08400b1fdb70e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wong, Corinne I.","contributorId":36018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Corinne I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banner, Jay L.","contributorId":58200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banner","given":"Jay L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Musgrove, MaryLynn 0000-0003-1607-3864 mmusgrov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1607-3864","contributorId":1316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"MaryLynn","email":"mmusgrov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156128,"text":"70156128 - 2015 - Didymosphenia geminata in the Upper Esopus Creek: current status, variability, and controlling factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-17T11:37:54","indexId":"70156128","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-06T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Didymosphenia geminata in the Upper Esopus Creek: current status, variability, and controlling factors","docAbstract":"In May of 2009, the bloom-forming diatom Didymosphenia geminata was first identified in the Upper Esopus Creek, a key tributary to the New York City water-supply and a popular recreational stream. The Upper Esopus receives supplemental flows from the Shandaken Portal, an underground aqueduct delivering waters from a nearby basin. The presence of D.geminata is a concern for the local economy, water supply, and aquatic ecosystem because nuisance blooms have been linked to degraded stream condition in other regions. Here we ascertain the extent and severity of the D. geminata invasion, determine the impact of supplemental flows from the Portal on D. geminata, and identify potential factors that may limitD. geminata in the watershed. Stream temperature, discharge, and water quality were characterized at select sites and periphyton samples were collected five times at 6 to 20 study sites between 2009 and 2010 to assess standing crop, diatom community structure, and density of D. geminata and all diatoms. Density of D. geminata ranged from 0–12 cells cm-2 at tributary sites, 0–781 cells cm-2 at sites upstream of the Portal, and 0–2,574 cells cm-2 at sites downstream of the Portal. Survey period and Portal (upstream or downstream) each significantly affected D. geminata cell density. In general, D. geminata was most abundant during the November 2009 and June 2010 surveys and at sites immediately downstream of the Portal. We found that D. geminata did not reach nuisance levels or strongly affect the periphyton community. Similarly, companion studies showed that local macroinvertebrate and fish communities were generally unaffected. A number of abiotic factors including variable flows and moderate levels of phosphorous and suspended sediment may limit blooms of D. geminatain this watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0130558","collaboration":"New York State Dept of Environmental Conservation; USGS","usgsCitation":"George, S.D., and Baldigo, B.P., 2015, Didymosphenia geminata in the Upper Esopus Creek: current status, variability, and controlling factors: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 8, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130558.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043086","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130558","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305a9e4b0518e35468ccc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George, Scott D. 0000-0002-8197-1866 sgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-1866","contributorId":3014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Scott","email":"sgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}