Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses have been made of (1) brines from several wells in the salt deposits of the Delaware Basin, (2) inclusion fluids in halite crystals from the ERDA No. 9 site, and (3) local ground waters of meteoric origin. The isotopic compositions indicate that the brines are genetically related and that they probably originated from the evaporation of paleo-ocean waters. Although highly variable in solute contents, the brines have rather uniform isotopic compositions. The stable isotope compositions of brine from the ERDA No. 6 site (826.3 m depth) and fluid inclusions from the ERDA No. 9 site are variable but remarkably regular and show that (1) mixing with old or modern meteoric waters has occurred, the extent of mixing apparently decreasing with depth, and (2) water in the ERDA No. 6 brine may have originated from the dehydration of gypsum. Alternatively, the data may reflect simple evaporation of meteoric water on a previously dry marine flat. Stable isotope compositions of all the waters analyzed indicate that there has been fairly extensive mixing with ground water throughout the area, but that no significant circulation has occurred. The conclusions bear importantly on the suitability of these salt beds and others as repositories for nuclear waste.
The distribution and residence time of cosmogenic 10Be in clay-rich soil horizons is fundamental to understanding and modelling the migration of 10Be on terrestrial sediments and in groundwater solutions. We have analyzed seven profiles of clay-rich soils developed from terrace sediments of the Merced River, California. The terraces and soils of increasing age are used to compare the 10Be inventory with a simple model of accumulation, decay and erosion. The data show that the distribution of 10Be varies with soil horizon clay content, that the residence time of 10Be in these horizons exceeds 105 years, and that to a rough approximation the inventory of 10Be in a thoroughly sampled soil profile fits the equation: N = (q − Em)(1 − e−λι)/λ where q is delivery rate, E is erosion rate, m is the concentration of 10Be in the eroding surface layer, λ is the decay constant, and t is the age of the depositional unit from which the soil has developed. The general applicability of this model is uncertain and warrants further testing in well-calibrated terrace sequences.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(86)90134-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Pavich, M., Brown, L., Harden, J., Klein, J., and Middleton, R., 1986, 10Be distribution in soils from Merced River terraces, California: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 50, no. 8, p. 1727-1735, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(86)90134-1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1727","endPage":"1735","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224070,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e223e4b0c8380cd459aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pavich, M.J.","contributorId":70788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, L. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":56995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, J.","contributorId":43918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klein, J.","contributorId":90885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Middleton, R.","contributorId":43105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70015677,"text":"70015677 - 1986 - Deformation of poorly consolidated sediment during shallow emplacement of a basalt sill, Coso Range, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T15:41:24","indexId":"70015677","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation of poorly consolidated sediment during shallow emplacement of a basalt sill, Coso Range, California","docAbstract":"A 150-m-long, wedge-shaped unit of folded and faulted marly siltstone crops out between undeformed sedimentary rocks on the north flank of the Coso Range, California. The several-meter-thick blunt end of this wedge abuts the north margin of a basaltic sill of comparable thickness. Chaotically deformed siltstone crops out locally at the margin of this sill, and at one locality breccia pipes about one meter in diameter crosscut the sill. The sill extends about 1 km south up the paleoslope, where it merges through continuous outcrop with a lava flow that in turn extends 1.4 km to a vent area marked by more than 100 m of agglutinate and scoria. Apparently, lava extruded at this vent flowed onto unconsolidated sediments, burrowed into them, and fed a sill at about 40 m depth within the sedimentary sequence. The sill initially propagated by wedging between sedimentary beds, but eventually began to push some beds ahead of itself, forming a remarkable train of folds in the process. The sediments apparently were wet at the time of sill emplacement, because hydrothermal alteration is common near the contact between the two rock types and because the breccia pipes that crosscut the sill apparently resulted from phreatic explosions of pore water heated at the base of the cooling sill. Comparison of deformation of the host material at the Coso locality with that reportedly caused by emplacement of sills elsewhere indicates that the character of deformation differs greatly among the various localities. The specific response of host material depends upon such parameters as initial properties of magma and host material, rate of sill growth and attendant rate of strain of host material, and depth of sill emplacement. Some properties may change considerably during an intrusive-deformational episode, thus complicating accurate reconstruction of such an event.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01046545","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Duffield, W.A., Bacon, C., and Delaney, P., 1986, Deformation of poorly consolidated sediment during shallow emplacement of a basalt sill, Coso Range, California: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 48, no. 2-3, p. 97-107, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01046545.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205408,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046545"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe49e4b0c8380cd4ec43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duffield, W. A.","contributorId":71935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffield","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, C. R. 0000-0002-2165-5618","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":21522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"C. R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":371500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delaney, P.T.","contributorId":69980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delaney","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014881,"text":"70014881 - 1986 - Alternate forms of the associated Legendre functions for use in geomagnetic modeling.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-25T00:12:27.3837","indexId":"70014881","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alternate forms of the associated Legendre functions for use in geomagnetic modeling.","docAbstract":"An inconvenience attending traditional use of associated Legendre functions in global modeling is that the functions are not separable with respect to the two indices (order and degree). In 1973 Merilees suggested a way to avoid the problem by showing that associated Legendre functions of order m and degree m+k can be expressed in terms of elementary functions as
Pmm+k(θ)=sinm(θ)∑ki=0amkicos(iθ)
where amki, the constants to be determined, are somewhat analogous to Fourier coefficients. Merilees noted that there are several advantages to using this form, but he also raises a question of precision for degree and order greater than 25. This note calls attention to some possible gains in time savings and accuracy in geomagnetic modeling based upon this form. For this purpose, expansions of associated Legendre polynomials in terms of sines and cosines of multiple angles are displayed up to degree and order 10. Examples are also given explaining how some surface spherical harmonics can be transformed into true Fourier series for selected polar great circle paths.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86359","usgsCitation":"Diggles, M.F., Detra, D., Tucker, R.E., and Romine, K.A., 1986, Geochemical data for samples of rock, stream sediment, and nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate from the South Sierra Wilderness and the South Sierra Roadless Area, southern Sierra Nevada, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-359, Report: 104 p.; 1 Plate: 26.12 x 31.36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86359.","productDescription":"Report: 104 p.; 1 Plate: 26.12 x 31.36 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414650,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17014.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":145796,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0359/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40070,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0359/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40071,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0359/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South Sierra Roadless Area, South Sierra Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.282,\n 36.313\n ],\n [\n -118.282,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 36.313\n ],\n [\n -118.282,\n 36.313\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae442","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diggles, M. F.","contributorId":39356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diggles","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Detra, D.E.","contributorId":72358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detra","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, R. E.","contributorId":50520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Romine, K. A.","contributorId":33327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romine","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70015630,"text":"70015630 - 1986 - Carbon isotope systematics of a mantle \"hotspot\": A comparison of Loihi Seamount and MORB glasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-10T21:33:21.151899","indexId":"70015630","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon isotope systematics of a mantle \"hotspot\": A comparison of Loihi Seamount and MORB glasses","docAbstract":"The carbon isotope geochemistry of glasses from Loihi Seamount has been compared with that of MORB glasses. Stepped heating shows two carbon components in both sample suites: (1) isotopically light carbon (avg. δ13C = −26.3‰) released < 600°C, ascribed to surficial contamination, and (2) isotopically heavy carbon released > 600°C, regarded as indigenous. The high-temperature component in MORB samples varied from 52 to 169 ppm C, averageδ13C = −6.6‰, consistent with previous studies (overall MORD averageδ13C = −6.4 ± 0.9‰), and new results for Indian Ocean glasses are similar to Atlantic and Pacific Ocean samples. Carbon release profiles produced by stepped heating may be typical of locality, but there are no significant differences inδ13C values between MORB samples from different areas. Lower yields (17–110 ppm C) correlated with depth in the Loihi samples suggest that they are partially degassed. This degassing has not affectedδ13C values significantly (avg. −5.8‰). Loihi tholeiites have higherδ13C (avg. −5.6‰) than the alkali basalts (avg. −7.1‰). Carbon abundances correlate well with He concentration data. Comparison of theδ13C values with trace element and He, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope data from the literature suggests that the Loihi samples with highestδ13C have high3He/4He and possibly the least depleted143Nd/144Nd and87Sr/86Sr. The carbon isotope data are consistent with previous models for Loihi involving several mantle sources, lithospheric contamination, and mixing. The slightly higherδ13C of Loihi tholeiites suggests that the undegassed “plume” component manifested by high3He/4He values might haveδ13C about 1‰ higher than the MORB average.
We report Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions of mid-Proterozoic anorthosites and related rocks (1.45-1.65 Ga) and of younger olivine diabase dikes (1.4 Ga) from two complexes on either side of the Grenville Front in Labrador. Anorthositic or diabasic samples from the Mealy Mountains (Grenville Province) and Harp Lake (Nain-Churchill Provinces) complexes have very similar major, minor and trace element compositions, but distinctly different isotopic signatures. All Mealy Mountains samples have ISr = 0.7025−0.7033, εNd = +0.6 to +5.6 and Pb isotopic compositions consistent with derivation from a mantle source depleted with respect to Nd/Sm and Rb/Sr. Pb isotopic compositions for the Mealy Mountains samples are slightly more radiogenic than model mantle compositions. All Harp Lake samples have ISr = 0.7032−0.7066, εNd = −0.3 to −4.4 and variable, but generally unradiogenic 207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb compared to model mantle, suggesting mixing between a mantle-derived component and a U-depleted crustal contaminant. Crustal contaminants are probably a variety of Archean high-grade quartzofeldspathic gneisses with low U/Pb ratios and include a component that must be isotopically similar to the early Archean (>3.6 Ga) Uivak gneisses of Labrador or the Amitsoq gneisses of west Greenland. This would imply that the ancient gneiss complex of coastal Labrador and Greenland is larger than indicated by present surface exposure and may extend in the subsurface as far west as the Labrador Trough. If Harp Lake and Mealy Mountains samples were subjected to the same degree of contamination, as suggested by their chemical similarities, then the Mealy contaminants must be much younger, probably early or middle Proterozoic in age. The Labrador segment of the Grenville Front, therefore, appears to coincide with the southern margin of the Archean North Atlantic craton and may represent a pre mid-Proterozoic suture.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(86)90211-5","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Ashwal, L., Wooden, J.L., and Emslie, R., 1986, Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes in Proterozoic intrusives astride the Grenville Front in Labrador: Implications for crustal contamination and basement mapping: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 50, no. 12, p. 2571-2585, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(86)90211-5.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2571","endPage":"2585","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225843,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b963fe4b08c986b31b3be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashwal, L.D.","contributorId":82060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashwal","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emslie, R.F.","contributorId":102642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emslie","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014552,"text":"70014552 - 1986 - Metamorphosed melange terrane in the eastern Piedmont of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-30T00:20:20.787698","indexId":"70014552","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metamorphosed melange terrane in the eastern Piedmont of North Carolina","docAbstract":"The Falls Lake melange crops out in the eastern Piedmont of North Carolina between the Carolina slate belt and the Raleigh belt. The melange is composed of mafic and ultramafic blocks and pods of diverse shapes and sizes, dispersed without apparent stratigraphic continuity, in a matrix of pelitic schist and biotite-muscovite-plagioclase-quartz gneiss. Textures and structural relationships suggest formation by a combination of sedimentary and tectonic processes, perhaps in the accretionary wedge of a convergent plate margin. The Falls Lake melange and the overlying late Proterozoic to Early Cambrian volcanic-arc terrane of the Carolina slate belt were thrust upon a probable continental terrane of the Raleigh belt before overprinting by late Paleozoic folding and metamorphism.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","usgsCitation":"Halvorson, W.L., Koske, R.E., and Morris, D., 1986, Dune stabilization on San Miguel Island off the coast of southern California: Restoration & Management Notes, v. 4, no. 1, p. 35-35.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"35","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352598,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43595472"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Miguel Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.48294067382812,\n 33.98265563205841\n ],\n [\n -120.28312683105469,\n 33.98265563205841\n ],\n [\n -120.28312683105469,\n 34.092473191457664\n ],\n [\n -120.48294067382812,\n 34.092473191457664\n ],\n [\n -120.48294067382812,\n 33.98265563205841\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a59e4b07f02db62ff40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halvorson, W. L.","contributorId":26246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koske, R. E.","contributorId":32472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koske","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morris, D.P.","contributorId":35260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1013382,"text":"1013382 - 1986 - Occurrence of anadromous brown trout in two lower Columbia River tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T12:30:14","indexId":"1013382","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of anadromous brown trout in two lower Columbia River tributaries","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1986)6<290:OOABTI>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bisson, P., Nielsen, J., Chilcote, M., Crawford, B.A., and Leider, S., 1986, Occurrence of anadromous brown trout in two lower Columbia River tributaries: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 6, no. 2, p. 290-292, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1986)6<290:OOABTI>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db696373","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bisson, P.A.","contributorId":17944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bisson","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nielsen, J.L.","contributorId":105665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chilcote, M.W.","contributorId":11993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chilcote","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawford, B. A.","contributorId":8027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leider, S.A.","contributorId":27407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leider","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70015569,"text":"70015569 - 1986 - CHARACTERIZATION OF SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY: THE PERMIAN UPPER MINNELUSA FORMATION, POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015569","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY: THE PERMIAN UPPER MINNELUSA FORMATION, POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING.","docAbstract":"Upper Minnelusa sandstones form a complex group of reservoirs because of variations in regional setting, sedimentology, and diagenetic alteration. Structural lineaments separate the reservoirs into northern and southern zones. Production in the north is from a single pay sand, and in the south from multi-pay sands due to differential erosion on top of the Upper Minnelusa. The intercalation of eolian dune, interdune, and sabkha sandstones with marine sandstones, carbonates, and anhydrites results in significant reservoir heterogeneity. Diagenetic alterations further enhance heterogeneity, because the degree of cementation and dissolution is partly facies-related.","largerWorkTitle":"Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings - SPE/DOE Fifth Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery.","conferenceLocation":"Tulsa, OK, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Soc of Petroleum Engineers","publisherLocation":"USA SPE/DOE 14894, Richardson, TX, USA","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Schmoker, J., and Scheffler, J., 1986, CHARACTERIZATION OF SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY: THE PERMIAN UPPER MINNELUSA FORMATION, POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING., in Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE, Tulsa, OK, USA, p. 199-204.","startPage":"199","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2cbe4b0c8380cd4b397","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":72344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":371253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmoker, J. W.","contributorId":69964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoker","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scheffler, J.M.","contributorId":33459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheffler","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1007656,"text":"1007656 - 1986 - An incidence of twinning in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T16:08:58","indexId":"1007656","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"An incidence of twinning in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris)","title":"An incidence of twinning in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris)","docAbstract":"On 3 October 1984 at 0928 h (PST) near Pt. San Simeon, California (35°39’N, 121°11’W), we observed a female sea otter (Enhydra lutris) resting in a kelp bed (Macrocystis pyrifera) with a small pup on her chest; approximately 2 m away another small pup floated unattended in the kelp. The only other otters we saw in the area was a mated pair (adult male tending an adult female) resting about 20 m from the mother and pups. At 0929 h the mother swam to the unattended pup and placed it on her abdomen next to the other pup. We concluded that live birth of twin pups had occurred, an incident previously unrecorded for the species.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Mammal Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.1986.tb00138.x","usgsCitation":"Jameson, R.J., and Bodkin, J.L., 1986, An incidence of twinning in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris): Marine Mammal Science, v. 2, no. 4, p. 305-309, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1986.tb00138.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"309","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Point San Simeon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.27601623535156,\n 35.49813313935565\n ],\n [\n -121.11946105957031,\n 35.49813313935565\n ],\n [\n -121.11946105957031,\n 35.632744348010625\n ],\n [\n -121.27601623535156,\n 35.632744348010625\n ],\n [\n -121.27601623535156,\n 35.49813313935565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6846e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jameson, Ronald J.","contributorId":17938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jameson","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":315801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1007627,"text":"1007627 - 1986 - Influence of weather and density on lamb survival of desert mountain sheep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-07T17:00:27.873939","indexId":"1007627","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of weather and density on lamb survival of desert mountain sheep","docAbstract":"This report concerns the effect of weather on lamb survival in desert mountain sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) to 6-8 months of age in the River Mountains, Nevada, and how it integrates with density to limit the population. Regression analyses were used to examine relationships between lamb survival and weather variables from 1970 to 1982. Autumn precipitation (Sep-Dec) of the preceding year (during gestation) had a significant (P < 0.05), positive effect on lamb survival. Herd density was significantly (P < 0.05) and inversely related to lamb survival. Spring winds had a positive and significant (P < 0.05) effect on lamb survival. Multiple regression revealed that 87% of the variability in lamb survival was accounted for by autumn precipitation during gestation (52%) and sheep density (35%).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801506","usgsCitation":"Douglas, C.L., and Leslie, D.M., 1986, Influence of weather and density on lamb survival of desert mountain sheep: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 50, no. 1, p. 153-156, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801506.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"156","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130628,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"River Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.91633766064118,\n 36.12186529475001\n ],\n [\n -114.91633766064118,\n 36.0132665138256\n ],\n [\n -114.7951748251611,\n 36.0132665138256\n ],\n [\n -114.7951748251611,\n 36.12186529475001\n ],\n [\n -114.91633766064118,\n 36.12186529475001\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66db9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas, Charles L.","contributorId":10742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. 0000-0002-3884-1484 cleslie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":2483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":315751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015565,"text":"70015565 - 1986 - Modern alluvial history of the Paria Rver drainage basin, southern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T11:19:36","indexId":"70015565","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern alluvial history of the Paria Rver drainage basin, southern Utah","docAbstract":"Stream channels in the Paria River basin were eroded and partially refilled between 1883 and 1980. Basin-wide erosion began in 1883; channels were fully entrenched and widened by 1890. This erosion occurred during the well-documented period of arroyo cutting in the Southwest. Photographs of the Paria River channel taken between 1918 and 1940 show that the channel did not have a floodplain and remained wide and deep until the early 1940s. A thin bar (<50 cm), now reworked and locally preserved, was deposited at that time. Basin-wide aggradation, which began in the early 1940s, developed floodplains by vertical accretion. The floodplain alluvium, 1.3-3 m thick. consists of two units recognizable throughout the studied area. An older unit was deposited during a time of low flow and sediment yield whereas the younger unit was deposited during times of high flow, sediment yield, and precipitation. Tree-ring dating suggests that the older unit was deposited between the early 1940s and 1956, and the younger between 1956 and 1980. The units are not time transgressive, suggesting that deposition by knickpoint recession was not an important process. High peak-flood discharges were associated with crosion and low flood discharges with aggradation. The erosional or aggradational mode of the streams was determined principally by peak-flood discharge, which in turn was controlled by precipitation. ?? 1986.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(86)90003-7","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Hereford, R., 1986, Modern alluvial history of the Paria Rver drainage basin, southern Utah: Quaternary Research, v. 25, no. 3, p. 293-311, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90003-7.","startPage":"293","endPage":"311","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266541,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90003-7"},{"id":223608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c89e4b0c8380cd6fd81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hereford, R.","contributorId":84437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1007629,"text":"1007629 - 1986 - Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) relocation: implications of social behavior and movements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:15","indexId":"1007629","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) relocation: implications of social behavior and movements","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Berry, K., 1986, Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) relocation: implications of social behavior and movements: Herpetologica, v. 42, p. 113-125.","productDescription":"p. 113-125","startPage":"113","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":130652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db667ef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013827,"text":"1013827 - 1986 - The Leetown mill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:31","indexId":"1013827","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1847,"text":"Goldenseal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Leetown mill","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Goldenseal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"87-021/TIS","usgsCitation":"Gutsell, G., 1986, The Leetown mill: Goldenseal, v. 12, p. 27-29.","productDescription":"p. 27-29","startPage":"27","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutsell, G.S.","contributorId":88694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutsell","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013681,"text":"1013681 - 1986 - Growth of tiger muskellunge fed different amounts of protein at three water temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T16:00:49.369543","indexId":"1013681","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth of tiger muskellunge fed different amounts of protein at three water temperatures","docAbstract":"Growth rates of tiger muskellunge (muskellunge Esox masquinongy ♀ x northern pike E. lucius ♂) fed diets containing 35, 45, or 55% crude protein for 5 weeks at 17, 20, or 23°C were compared. Fish fed diets containing 45 or 55% protein grew faster at all temperatures than those fed 35% protein. Growth of tiger muskellunge fed a diet containing either 45 or 55% protein did not increase significantly at optimum growth temperatures (20 or 23°C). At 17°C, below the optimum temperature range, growth did increase when the percentage of protein in the diet was increased.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1986)48%3C101:GOTMFD%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lemm, C.A., and Rottiers, D.V., 1986, Growth of tiger muskellunge fed different amounts of protein at three water temperatures: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 48, no. 2, p. 101-106, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1986)48%3C101:GOTMFD%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129693,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db655412","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lemm, C. A.","contributorId":42162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemm","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rottiers, D. V.","contributorId":49301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rottiers","given":"D.","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014243,"text":"1014243 - 1986 - Quantitative and qualitative studies of gut flora in striped bass from estuarine and coastal marine environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-17T11:21:49.470359","indexId":"1014243","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative and qualitative studies of gut flora in striped bass from estuarine and coastal marine environments","docAbstract":"Examination of the intestinal contents of 130 striped bass (Morone saxatilis) collected from the Hudson River and Long Island Sound during May to October 1981 showed that opportunistic fish pathogens—especially Aeromonas hydrophila—predominated in samples from both locations. Other isolates from both groups of striped bass included Vibrio, pseudomonads, flavobacteria, Alcaligenes, and enterics. Small numbers of Micrococcus, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Acinetobacter were also isolated. Total numbers of bacteria in the intestines were 100 to 1,000 times higher in striped bass from the Hudson River than in those from Long Island Sound.
Enteric redmouth disease is described in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) at a state hatchery in Sand Ridge, Illinois. Biochemical, isoenzyme, and serological data indicated that the epizootic was caused by a sorbitol-fermenting Serovar 2 strain of Yersinia ruckeri. In laboratory experiments the isolate was pathogenic for both brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).