{"pageNumber":"4926","pageRowStart":"123125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":5222034,"text":"5222034 - 1985 - Pesticide and PCB residues in the Neuse River waterdog, Necturus lewisi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"5222034","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1078,"text":"Brimleyana","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticide and PCB residues in the Neuse River waterdog, Necturus lewisi","docAbstract":"Residues of 6 organochlorine contaminants were found in N. lewisi from 6 sites in the Tar and Neuse river systems.  Concentrations of pesticides were low and apparently related to geographic patterns of use. Levels of PCB were higher and did not seem to vary geographically.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Brimleyana","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hall, R., Prouty, R.M., and Ashton, R., 1985, Pesticide and PCB residues in the Neuse River waterdog, Necturus lewisi: Brimleyana, v. 10, p. 107-109.","productDescription":"107-109","startPage":"107","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6883b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, R.J.","contributorId":32885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, R. M.","contributorId":31349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ashton, R.E.","contributorId":15309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashton","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222026,"text":"5222026 - 1985 - Organophosphate insecticide (famphur) topically applied to cattle kills magpies and hawks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-14T16:58:21.388106","indexId":"5222026","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organophosphate insecticide (famphur) topically applied to cattle kills magpies and hawks","docAbstract":"<p><span>A systematic field study of a black-billed magpie (<i>Pica pica</i>) population revealed that magpies and red-tailed hawks (<i>Buteo jamaicensis</i>) were killed by famphur (=famophos, Warbex®) used as a pouron to control cattle warbles (<i>Hypoderma</i> sp.). Magpie mortality began on treatment day and continued for more than 3 months (38 found dead); mortality peaked between Day 5 and Day 13. Estimates of magpie density (based on transects) decreased in both the control and treatment areas, but the decrease was greater in the treatment area. A red-tailed hawk found dead on Day 10 had eaten a famphur-contaminated magpie. Another red-tailed hawk was found alive but immobilized, and a third died outside the study area. Brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity was 70-92% depressed in all dead birds examined; famphur residues were detected in all 17 magpies and the 2 hawks analyzed. The amount of famphur obtained by the dead magpies was estimated at 5.2-6.1 mg/kg (based on residue concentrations in the gizzard), which was above the acute oral LD50 for several bird species. The cow hair portion (12%) of the pooled gizzard contents from 13 other dead magpies produced extremely high famphur residues (4,600 ppm). The residues persisted on cattle hair for more than 90 days post-treatment. Magpie populations in the far western states declined between 1968 and 1979, which corresponds with widespread use of famphur, although other factors may be involved.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801689","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Blus, L.J., Kolbe, E.J., and Fitzner, R.E., 1985, Organophosphate insecticide (famphur) topically applied to cattle kills magpies and hawks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 49, no. 3, p. 648-658, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801689.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"648","endPage":"658","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Benton County","city":"Benton City","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.65965270996094,\n              46.074183321902574\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.30397033691405,\n              46.074183321902574\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.30397033691405,\n              46.36825275428178\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.65965270996094,\n              46.36825275428178\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.65965270996094,\n              46.074183321902574\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolbe, E. J.","contributorId":71512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolbe","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzner, R. E.","contributorId":107242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5222025,"text":"5222025 - 1985 - Trends and effects of organochlorine residues on Oregon and Nevada wading birds, 1979-83","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:25:28.878031","indexId":"5222025","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends and effects of organochlorine residues on Oregon and Nevada wading birds, 1979-83","docAbstract":"The incidence of DDT (parent compound) declined significantly in the eggs of Black-crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax), White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi), and Black-necked Stilts (Himantopus mexicanus), and showed a downward trend in Snowy Egrets (Egretta thula).  Mean  DDE residues (breakdown product of DDT) in eggs declined significantly in Black-crowned Night-Herons and showed a downward trend in Black-necked Stilts and Snowy Egrets; however, no trend was apparent for White-faced Ibis. Some night-herons, egrets, and ibis laid thin-shelled eggs  that cracked; eggshell thickness was negatively correlated with DDE residues in the egg contents. Ibis were the most sensitive species to DDE- induced shell thinning. Generally, reduced reproductive success for ibis started at lower DDE egg residues (3 ppm) than for either Snowy Egrets (5  ppm) or night-herons (8 ppm). Egg residue profiles, band recoveries, biotelemetry studies, and residues in fish and other prey items implicate the  southwestern United States (a wintering area) as an important source of DDT-DDE that caused the most serious reproductive problem encountered  during the study (in night-herons nesting at Ruby Lake, Nevada). Available evidence indicates that the three other species, together with night- herons from Oregon and Idaho, winter in Latin America.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521061","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Blus, L.J., and Hulse, C., 1985, Trends and effects of organochlorine residues on Oregon and Nevada wading birds, 1979-83: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 8, no. 2, p. 117-128, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521061.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196051,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada, 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 \"}}]}","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7050","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hulse, C.S.","contributorId":26035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hulse","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222021,"text":"5222021 - 1985 - Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels (<i>Falco sparverius</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T15:55:10","indexId":"5222021","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1294,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels (<i>Falco sparverius</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>1. One-day old American kestrel (<i>Faico sparverius</i>) nestlings were orally dosed daily with 5 μl/g of corn oil (controls), 25, 125 or 625 mg/kg of metallic lead in corn oil for 10 days.</p><p>2. Forty per cent of the nestlings receiving 625 mg/kg of lead died after 6 days and growth rates were significantly depressed in the two highest lead dosed groups. At 10 days hematocrit values were significantly lower in the two highest lead treated groups, and hemoglobin content and red blood cell (δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity was depressed in all lead treated groups. Plasma creatine phosphokinase decreased in the two highest treatment groups.</p><p>3. Brain, liver and kidney ALAD activities, brain RNA to protein ratio and liver protein concentration decreased after lead exposure whereas liver DNA, DNA to RNA ratio and DNA to protein ratio increased. Brain monoamine oxidase and ATPase were not significantly altered.</p><p>4. Measurements of the ontogeny of hematological variants and enzymes in normal development, using additional untreated nestlings, revealed decreases in red blood cell ALAD, plasma aspartate amino transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, brain DNA and RNA and liver DNA, whereas hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma alkaline phosphatase, brain monoamine oxidase, brain ALAD and liver ALAD increased during the first 10 days of posthatching development.</p><p>5. Biochemical and hematological alterations were more severe than those reported in adult kestrels or precocial young birds exposed to lead. Alterations may be due in part to delayed development.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0742-8413(85)90080-5","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Franson, J.C., Pattee, O.H., Bunck, C., and Murray, H.C., 1985, Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels (<i>Falco sparverius</i>): Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, v. 80, no. 2, p. 431-439, https://doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(85)90080-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"439","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db60746a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, H. C.","contributorId":30702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5222022,"text":"5222022 - 1985 - Survival, growth, and accumulation of ingested lead in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:19:37","indexId":"5222022","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival, growth, and accumulation of ingested lead in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","docAbstract":"One-day old American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) nestlings were dosed orally daily with 5 ?l/g of corn oil (controls), 25 mg/kg, 125 mg/kg, or 625 mg/kg of metallic lead in corn oil through day 10. Forty percent of the nestlings given 625 mg/kg died after six days. Growth rates became significantly different from controls in the 625 mg/kg group by day 3 and in the 125 mg/kg group by day 4. Crown-rump lengths and brain weights were significantly lower in both treatment groups. Liver and kidney weights were lower in the 625 mg/kg groups.  Skeletal examination and measurement of alizarin red-S stained nestlings revealed reduced growth for the humerus, radius-ulna, femur, and tibiotarsus in the 125 mg/kg and 625 mg/kg groups. Skeletons were otherwise normal in appearance. Greater than 2 ppm (wet weight) lead in the liver or 6 ppm in the kidney was associated with suppressed growth, while more than 5 ppm in the liver and 15 ppm in the kidney occurred in survivors in the 625 mg/kg group. The order of accumulation of lead in tissues at the end of 10 days was kidney> liver> brain.  These findings suggest that altricial nestlings may be considerably more sensitive to lead exposure than adults and also more sensitive than hatchlings of many precocial species.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01055766","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Franson, J.C., Pattee, O.H., Bunck, C., and Anderson, A., 1985, Survival, growth, and accumulation of ingested lead in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 14, no. 1, p. 89-94, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055766.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6880ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, A.","contributorId":43727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5222024,"text":"5222024 - 1985 - Breeding chronology, molt, and measurements of accipiter hawks in northeastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:11","indexId":"5222024","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding chronology, molt, and measurements of accipiter hawks in northeastern Oregon","docAbstract":"Most northern goshawks completed laying eggs in April, while most Cooper's hawks completed their clutches in May with essentially no overlap. The sharp-shinned hawks laid in late May and June. Juvenile females represented 4% of the northern goshawk breeding population; 22% of the Cooper's hawk breeding population (highest reported for the species) and 60% of the sharp-shinned hawk breeding population, northern goshawks and Cooper's hawks in juvenal plumage generally nested later in the season, but not sharp-shinned hawks. Females of each species began molting first. Primaries were molted from the innermost outward in all species, but rectrix molt sequence was variable. Usually R1 was molted first. Primary molt of the 2 wings was usually synchronous; however, the rectrix molt was not as orderly. Arrested molt was observed in some individuals of all species; it probably has an energy-saving function. Wing chords of adult northern goshawks from Oregon were not different from Wisconsin fall migrants or birds from Alaska; however, rectrices were significantly shorter in Oregon than Wisconsin. Cooper's hawks nesting in Oregon were much smaller than those trapped in Wisconsin. Wing chords and rectrices were significantly shorter for both sexes, and, although weights were not directly comparable, Oregon Cooper's hawks also weighed much less. The limited number of sharp-shinned hawks measured precluded statistical analyses.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Olson, R., and Fleming, T., 1985, Breeding chronology, molt, and measurements of accipiter hawks in northeastern Oregon: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 56, no. 2, p. 97-112.","productDescription":"97-112","startPage":"97","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18559,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v056n02/p0097-p0112.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":196428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499fe4b07f02db5bd32b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, R.A.","contributorId":82417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleming, T.L.","contributorId":107008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222029,"text":"5222029 - 1985 - Contaminant levels in colonial waterbirds from Green Bay and Lake Michigan, 1975–80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T12:05:12","indexId":"5222029","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminant levels in colonial waterbirds from Green Bay and Lake Michigan, 1975–80","docAbstract":"<p><span>Residues of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polychlorinated styrenes (PCSs), and mercury were measured in the eggs of 10 species of colonial waterbirds nesting in areas around Green Bay or Lake Michigan from 1975 to 1980. Residues also were measured in the carcasses and brains of black-crowned night-herons (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Nycticorax nycticorax</i><span>). The highest residues were of PCBs, DDE, mercury, and dieldrin; for some species, levels of these chemicals possibly were high enough to have caused reproductive effects. Other organochlorine pesticides were found at low levels. Only trace amounts of PCSs and PBBs were found. Eggs of herring gulls (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Larus argentatus</i><span>) collected in 1977 from an island in Lake Michigan contained an average of 100 ppm PCBs and 33 ppm DDE; this was the most-contaminated species. Cattle egrets (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Bubulcus ibis</i><span>), the only bird that is not a fish eater, contained only small quantities of DDE and mercury.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00394064","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., Erdman, T., Haseltine, S.D., and Stafford, C., 1985, Contaminant levels in colonial waterbirds from Green Bay and Lake Michigan, 1975–80: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 5, no. 3, p. 223-236, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00394064.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"236","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696eb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erdman, T.C.","contributorId":79438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdman","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haseltine, S. D.","contributorId":80219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haseltine","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, C.","contributorId":66367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5222020,"text":"5222020 - 1985 - Survival, growth, and histopathological effects of paraquat ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:10:42","indexId":"5222020","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival, growth, and histopathological effects of paraquat ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","docAbstract":"The use of paraquat as a herbicide is becoming more extensive with the increasing popularity of no tillage agriculture, increasing the possibility of exposure for wildlife species. American kestrel (Falco sparverius) nestlings were orally dosed daily with 5 ?l/g of distilled water (controls), 10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, or 60 mg/kg of paraquat dichloride (1, 1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium) in distilled water from day 1 through day 10. Forty-four percent of the nestlings given 60 mg/kg died after 4 days. Significant differences in growth rates occurred between controls and all paraquat-dosed groups. Reduced skeletal growth occurred in the humerus and femur in the 25 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg groups, and in the radius-ulna and tibiotarsus in the 60 mg/kg group. Skeletons were otherwise normal in appearance. Histopathological examination revealed localized focal necrosis in the liver of one nestling in the 60 mg/kg group and tubular cell degeneration and focal tubular dilation in the kidneys of another. The brain and lungs were unremarkable histologically. These findings suggest that altricial nestling kestrels are more sensitive to paraquat exposure than young or adult birds of precocial species.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01055536","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Franson, J.C., Pattee, O.H., and Bunck, C., 1985, Survival, growth, and histopathological effects of paraquat ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 14, no. 4, p. 495-500, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055536.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"500","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6880c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5222041,"text":"5222041 - 1985 - Toxicity of abate® 4E (temephos) in mallard ducklings and the influence of cold","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:18:27","indexId":"5222041","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of abate® 4E (temephos) in mallard ducklings and the influence of cold","docAbstract":"<p><span>Diets mixed to contain 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 ppm temephos (determined chemically to contain less than 0.5, less than 0.5, 0.89, 6.0 and 59 ppm temephos, respectively) in an Abate® 4E formulation, were fed to mallard </span><i>(Anas platyrhynchos)</i><span> ducklings for 7 d. During this period, half of the ducklings in each dietary treatment group were housed in a heated brooder (39 to 41 °C) and half were housed in an unheated brooder (10 to 18°C). Mortality in all dietary groups in the unheated brooder was higher than in the heated brooder. High temephos-related mortality occurred in the 100 ppm group in the unheated brooder but not in any other diet-temperature groups. Ingestion of the 100 ppm temephos diet inhibited plasma Cholinesterase (ChE) activity and elevated plasma corticosterone concentration and creatine phosphokinase activity, but other selected plasma chemistries were not affected in a dose-related manner. Brain ChE activity was depressed only in the 100 ppm dietary groups; maximum inhibition of brain ChE activity was 48%. These findings suggest that diets containing up to 10 ppm temephos do not directly affect duckling survival during the first week of life and that the toxicity of 100 ppm temephos is markedly enhanced by cold.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620040209","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., Heinz, G.H., Franson, J.C., and Rattner, B., 1985, Toxicity of abate® 4E (temephos) in mallard ducklings and the influence of cold: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 4, no. 2, p. 193-199, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620040209.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f2305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5222042,"text":"5222042 - 1985 - Areas of localized organochlorine contamination in Arizona and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:50","indexId":"5222042","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Areas of localized organochlorine contamination in Arizona and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Wings from mallard ducks harvested in 1980 in Arizona, Arkansas, Louisiana, and New Mexico were pooled into county aggregates and analyzed for organochlorine pesticides and PCB's. Organochlorine concentrations in duck wings were compared among counties comprising major river drainages within each state. DDE concentrations in the wings of mallards collected from the Verde River and the lower portion of the Gila River drainages in Arizona ranged up to 6 ppm (wet weight basis), which was 17 times higher than the 1979 Pacific Flyway average. DDE at these high levels may be hazardous to wildlife. In combination with other published data, our findings indicate a serious DDT problem in portions of the Verde River and Gila River drainages. High levels of heptachlor (up to 1.7 ppm) and PCB's (3.7 ppm, 61 times the 1979 Central Flyway average) were found in mallard wings from the upper Rio Grande and Pecos River drainages, respectively. We did not detect areas of heavy local organochlorine pesticide or PCB contamination in Arkansas and Louisiana.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., and Cain, B.W., 1985, Areas of localized organochlorine contamination in Arizona and New Mexico: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 30, no. 2, p. 269-277.","productDescription":"269-277","startPage":"269","endPage":"277","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18545,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3670740","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db67308a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, B. W.","contributorId":89989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222040,"text":"5222040 - 1985 - Lethal and behavioral effects of chlordimeform in bobwhite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:06","indexId":"5222040","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3610,"text":"Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lethal and behavioral effects of chlordimeform in bobwhite","docAbstract":"The 7-day LC50 of chlordimeform to bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) chicks was 2835 ppm (95% CI = 2169-3705 ppm). Bobwhite chicks fed 1000 ppm (~ LC4) chlordimeform for 7 days ate less, weighed less, travelled farther from a fright stimulus in an avoidance test, and had significantly more groups make >10 light beam interruptions in an open-field test at 8 days of age than bobwhite fed 0, 1, 10, or 100 ppm chlordimeform (P< 0.05). Groups fed 100 ppm (P <0.05) and 1000 ppm (P = 0.11) for 7 days crossed more often from the shallow to deep side of a visual cliff at 8 days of age than birds fed lesser concentrations of chlordimeform. Bobwhites were retested at 15 days of age, after being fed untreated diets for 7 days following the chlordimeform diets. The 1000 ppm group still travelled greater distances in the avoidance test (P < 0.05). But open-field and visual cliff performances were similar to controls and other treatment groups. Chlordimeform concentrations causing behavioral abberations in bobwhite were appreciably higher than environmental concentrations following field applications of chlordimeform.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0300-483X(85)90005-8","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., Heinz, G.H., and Schuler, C., 1985, Lethal and behavioral effects of chlordimeform in bobwhite: Toxicology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 37-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(85)90005-8.","productDescription":"37-47","startPage":"37","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18547,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(85)90005-8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a84a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schuler, C.A.","contributorId":42627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuler","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223605,"text":"5223605 - 1985 - Social organization and behavior of the swallow-tailed manakin, Chiroxiphia caudata","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5223605","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2816,"text":"National Geographic Society Research Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Social organization and behavior of the swallow-tailed manakin, Chiroxiphia caudata","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"National Geographic Society Research Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Foster, M., 1985, Social organization and behavior of the swallow-tailed manakin, Chiroxiphia caudata: National Geographic Society Research Report, v. 18, p. 313-320.","productDescription":"313-320","startPage":"313","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edd82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, M.S. 0000-0001-8272-4608","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-4608","contributorId":10116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220005,"text":"5220005 - 1985 - Pesticides and the decline of Guam's native birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-03T23:16:53.038899","indexId":"5220005","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides and the decline of Guam's native birds","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/316301a0","usgsCitation":"Grue, C., 1985, Pesticides and the decline of Guam's native birds: Nature, v. 316, no. 6026, p. 301-301, https://doi.org/10.1038/316301a0.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"301","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490615,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/316301a0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":193555,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              144.59670646126023,\n              13.738504666594906\n            ],\n            [\n              144.59670646126023,\n              13.227581401593682\n            ],\n            [\n              145.00115559286093,\n              13.227581401593682\n            ],\n            [\n              145.00115559286093,\n              13.738504666594906\n            ],\n            [\n              144.59670646126023,\n              13.738504666594906\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"316","issue":"6026","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grue, C.E.","contributorId":86446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grue","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5220769,"text":"5220769 - 1985 - Can relocated wolves survive?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T16:46:48","indexId":"5220769","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can relocated wolves survive?","docAbstract":"<p>Considerable interest has been expressed recently in establishing gray wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) into parts of their former range (Bailey 1978, Weaver 1978, Klinghammer 1979, Mech 1979, Henshaw 1982). However, the proper procedure for reintroductions is debatable (Klinghammer 1979). To date, wolf relocations have been conducted in Alaska, where 5 2-year-old captive-reared wolves were released into an area occupied by wolves, (Henshaw and Stephenson 1974, Henshaw et al. 1979) and in Michigan, where a pack 4 wolves was released in a relatively wolf-free area (Weise et al. 1975).</p><p>Wolf reintroductions are expensive, controversial, and attract considerable public attention. The potential for success of an effort will greatly influence the willingness of agencies to attempt reintroductions.</p><p>The 9 wolves released in Alaska and Michigan had a high rate of mortality, with humans being the major cause. The present study assessed the survival and behavior of relocated wolves. We hypothesized that relocated wolves, especially pups, would have poorer survival when moved outside a familiar territory.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Fritts, S.H., Paul, W., and Mech, L.D., 1985, Can relocated wolves survive?: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 13, no. 4, p. 459-463.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"463","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350865,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782671"}],"country":"United 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David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":332440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222038,"text":"5222038 - 1985 - Enzyme activities in plasma, kidney, liver, and muscle of five avian species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:16:27","indexId":"5222038","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enzyme activities in plasma, kidney, liver, and muscle of five avian species","docAbstract":"Activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined in plasma, kidney, liver, and muscle from five species of captive birds.  Few differences occurred in plasma activities between sexes but considerable differences occurred between species.  All five enzymes were detected in each of the tissues sampled.  Relative enzyme activities in liver, kidney, and muscle were similar for each species.  CPK activity was much higher in muscle than in liver or kidney and, of the five enzymes studied, may be the best indicator of muscle damage.  Most of the other enzymes were more evenly distributed among the three tissues, and no organ-specific enzyme could be identified for liver or kidney.  Because of interspecific variations in plasma enzyme activities, it is important to establish baseline values for each species to ensure accurate interpretation of results.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-21.1.33","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Murray, H.C., and Bunck, C., 1985, Enzyme activities in plasma, kidney, liver, and muscle of five avian species: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 21, no. 1, p. 33-39, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.1.33.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6021b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, H. C.","contributorId":30702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunck, C.","contributorId":68681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222039,"text":"5222039 - 1985 - Famphur toxicosis in a bald eagle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T16:31:47.424529","indexId":"5222039","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Famphur toxicosis in a bald eagle","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-21.3.318","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Kolbe, E.J., and Carpenter, J.W., 1985, Famphur toxicosis in a bald eagle: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 21, no. 3, p. 318-320, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.3.318.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","city":"Lewes","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.29273986816405,\n              38.852542390364235\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.21411895751953,\n              38.844253528477786\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.16433715820312,\n              38.803597391150085\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.12451171875,\n              38.79503524642181\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1083755493164,\n              38.799584013897054\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.09876251220703,\n              38.81189098781871\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.08502960205078,\n              38.80841314547301\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.07678985595703,\n              38.79503524642181\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.07164001464844,\n              38.77389304718155\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.07129669189453,\n              38.73346456728629\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0692367553711,\n              38.721679775156396\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.08743286132812,\n              38.728108084565\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1190185546875,\n              38.73507143378337\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1530075073242,\n              38.75167360416169\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.26355743408203,\n              38.82901019751963\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.29273986816405,\n              38.852542390364235\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f76f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":140358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":335339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolbe, E. J.","contributorId":71512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolbe","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222197,"text":"5222197 - 1985 - PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, and reproduction in river otters from Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:40","indexId":"5222197","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, and reproduction in river otters from Louisiana","docAbstract":"Reproductive tracts from 89 3-year-old female river otters (Lutra canadensis), from Louisiana were examined. Eighteen of these were in a reproductive phase out of synchrony with the expected population norms. Eight of 32 otters had fewer embryos than corpora lutea, indicating intrauterine mortality in 25% of the sample. Chemical analyses of liver tissue from 57 otters revealed a low prevalence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organochlorine pesticide contamination. These low Ievels of organochlorine compounds were not associated with atypical reproductive synchrony or intrauterine mortality.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., Bunck, C., Linscombe, G., Kinler, N., and Stafford, C.J., 1985, PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, and reproduction in river otters from Louisiana: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 39, p. 337-343.","productDescription":"337-343","startPage":"337","endPage":"343","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689ee0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linscombe, G.","contributorId":82819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linscombe","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kinler, N.","contributorId":19259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinler","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stafford, C. J.","contributorId":65429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5222061,"text":"5222061 - 1985 - The effects of heptachlor and lindane on birds, Columbia Basin, Oregon and Washington, 1976-1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-19T15:46:52.740386","indexId":"5222061","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of heptachlor and lindane on birds, Columbia Basin, Oregon and Washington, 1976-1981","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effects of heptachlor seed treatments on birds in the vicinity of the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon and Washington, were investigated from 1978 to 1981. An egg was collected from each of 60 nests representing six species. Heptachlor epoxide (HE) residues were detected in 35 eggs and were particularly high (8–13 μg g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) in a few eggs of the black-billed magpie, mallard, and ring-necked pheasant. These residues were within the range that induced reproductive problems in other species in the area. Diagnostically lethal residue levels (⩾ 9 μg g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) of HE were detected in the brains of nine birds (four species). Most of the avifauna in the area contained residues of HE and related compounds. Lindane, the replacement chemical for heptachlor, did not produce adverse effects in birds, and residues were not detected in either their eggs or brains.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0048-9697(85)90284-0","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., Henny, C.J., and Krynitsky, A.J., 1985, The effects of heptachlor and lindane on birds, Columbia Basin, Oregon and Washington, 1976-1981: Science of the Total Environment, v. 46, p. 73-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(85)90284-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa036","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krynitsky, A. J.","contributorId":73954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krynitsky","given":"A.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5223147,"text":"5223147 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5223147,"text":"5223147 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)","indexId":"5223147","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5221999,"text":"5221999 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V","indexId":"5221999","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":5221999,"text":"5221999 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V","indexId":"5221999","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T17:30:24","indexId":"5223147","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2881,"text":"North American Bird Bander","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)","docAbstract":"<p>This was my 4th year of banding in a powerline right-of-way that is specially managed to encourage growth of dense scrub. Nets were run for 2 to 3 hours each morning, because activity dropped off rapidly after the sun hit the nets. I banded on 79 days, from 1 August to 22 November. Frost continues to be a problem late in the season; the frostpocket effect of the stream valley and the lack of vegetative cover over the nets result in frozen nets on more mornings than would be expected. Warblers continued to dominate, with as many as 16 species in one&nbsp;day and a season total of 33 plus a Brewster's hybrid. Net-hours declined from 8506 to 7672 because I discontinued six of my least productive nets; this change accounted for much of the increase in birds per 100 net-hours (Table 1). Overall effort was comparable to that of 1982.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Western, Inland, and Eastern Bird Banding Associations","usgsCitation":"Bystrak, D., 1985, Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764): North American Bird Bander, v. 10, no. 2, p. 56-57.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18487,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.westernbirdbanding.org/nabb.html","text":"Journal's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Prince George's County","city":"Laurel","otherGeospatial":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bystrak, Danny dbystrak@usgs.gov","contributorId":4840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bystrak","given":"Danny","email":"dbystrak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":337980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5223607,"text":"5223607 - 1985 - Cyclopogon deminkiorum a new species from Paraguay (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5223607","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1178,"text":"Canadian Orchid Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cyclopogon deminkiorum a new species from Paraguay (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae)","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Orchid Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Burns-Balogh, P., and Foster, M., 1985, Cyclopogon deminkiorum a new species from Paraguay (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae): Canadian Orchid Journal, v. 3, no. 3.","productDescription":"59","startPage":"59","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ebbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns-Balogh, P.","contributorId":43077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns-Balogh","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, M.S. 0000-0001-8272-4608","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-4608","contributorId":10116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222052,"text":"5222052 - 1985 - Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-04T18:00:40.65905","indexId":"5222052","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields","docAbstract":"<p>Selected rice fields on the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex were aerially sprayed one time during May or June 1982 with either ethyl (0.11 kg Al/ha) or methyl (0.84 kg AI/ha) parathion for control of tadpole shrimp, <i>Triops longicaudatus</i>. No sick or dead vertebrate wildlife were found or adjacent to the treated rice fields after spraying. Specimens of the following birds and mammals were assayed for brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity to determine exposure to either form of parathion; house mouse, <i>Mus musculus</i>; black-tailed jackrabbit, <i>Lepus californicus</i>; mallard, <i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>; ring-necked pheasant, <i>Phasianus colchicus</i>; American coot, <i>Fulica americana</i>; and red-winged blackbird, <i>Agelaius phoeniceus</i>. Both mice and pheasants from methyl parathion-treated fields had overall mean ChE activities that were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) inhibited compared with controls, and 7, 40, 54 and 57% of individual blackbirds, pheasant, mice, and coots, respectively, had inhibited brain ChE activities (i.e., less than -2 SD of control mean). Although no overall species effect was detected for ethyl parathoid treatment, pheasants (43%), coots (33%), and mice (37%) had significantly inhibited brain ChE activities. Neither of the parathion treatment appeared acutely hazardous to wildlife in or adjacent to rice fields, but sufficient information on potential hazards was obtained to warrant caution in use of these chemicals, especially methyl parathion, in rice fields.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., Hill, E.F., and Ohlendorf, H.M., 1985, Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields: California Fish and Game, v. 71, no. 4, p. 220-224.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"224","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390186,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildlife.ca.gov/publications/journal"},{"id":198994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.23869323730467,\n              39.27372656321117\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.99356079101562,\n              39.27372656321117\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.99356079101562,\n              39.48814483559126\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23869323730467,\n              39.48814483559126\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23869323730467,\n              39.27372656321117\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f7bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Elwood F.","contributorId":27115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Elwood","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ohlendorf, Harry M.","contributorId":60291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222051,"text":"5222051 - 1985 - Organochlorine residues in animals from three Louisiana watersheds in 1978 and 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-31T11:18:18.151269","indexId":"5222051","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues in animals from three Louisiana watersheds in 1978 and 1979","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1007/BF01609814","usgsCitation":"Dowd, P., Mayfield, G., Coulon, D., Graves, J., and Newson, J., 1985, Organochlorine residues in animals from three Louisiana watersheds in 1978 and 1979: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 34, no. 6, p. 832-841, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01609814.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"832","endPage":"841","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a7b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowd, P.F.","contributorId":62320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowd","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayfield, G.U.","contributorId":47485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayfield","given":"G.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coulon, D.P.","contributorId":45416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coulon","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graves, J.B.","contributorId":26781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newson, J.D.","contributorId":105818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newson","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5222062,"text":"5222062 - 1985 - Effects of pelletized anticoagulant rodenticides on California quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-18T00:28:58.372928","indexId":"5222062","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of pelletized anticoagulant rodenticides on California quail","docAbstract":"A moribund, emaciated California quail (Callipepla californica) that was found in an orchard in the state of Washington had an impacted crop and gizzard. Pellets containing the anticoagulant chlorophacinone (Rozol, RO) were in the crop; the gizzard contents consisted of a pink mass of paraffin that was selectively accumulated from the paraffinized pellets. The plasma prothrombin time of 28 sec was near that determined for control quail. The signs of RO intoxication seen in the moribund wild quail were duplicated in captive quail given ad libitum diets of either RO or another paraffinized chlorophacinone pellet (Mr. Rat Guard II, MRG). This left little doubt that paraffin impaction of the gizzard was the primary problem. All captive quail fed RO or MRG pellets showed no increases in prothrombin times compared to control values, died in an emaciated condition, and had gizzards impacted with paraffin.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-21.4.391","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., Henny, C.J., and Grove, R.A., 1985, Effects of pelletized anticoagulant rodenticides on California quail: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 21, no. 4, p. 391-395, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.4.391.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"395","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480152,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.4.391","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":196364,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611aaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grove, R. A.","contributorId":6546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grove","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5222058,"text":"5222058 - 1985 - On condition bias and band-recovery data from large-scale waterfowl banding programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5222058","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On condition bias and band-recovery data from large-scale waterfowl banding programs","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Burnham, K., and Nichols, J., 1985, On condition bias and band-recovery data from large-scale waterfowl banding programs: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 13, no. 3, p. 345-349.","productDescription":"345-349","startPage":"345","endPage":"349","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18486,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782504","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":199072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691bdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222044,"text":"5222044 - 1985 - Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:32:38.810099","indexId":"5222044","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast","docAbstract":"Nesting Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) were studied at a number of barrier beaches and small islands of tidal salt marsh in New Jersey and the Eastern Shore of Maryland-Virginina from 1980 through 1982. Data were collected on clutch sizes, nest spacing, and nesting success. The principal null hypothesis tested was that no difference in reproductive success exists between beach and marsh habitats. Nests were monitored from egg-laying in mid-May until mid-July when young fledged. Clutch sizes varied among colonies and across years but no systematic effect of year, habitat, or colony size on mean clutch size per colony was detected. Analyses of nest productivity (estimated using both the Mayfield method and using a colony average) failed to reveal significant effects of habitat or colony size but showed a stronger year effect. Storm tide flooding and egg chick disappearance (presumably predation by Herring Gulls Larus argentatus and Laughing Gulls L. atricilla nesting nearby) accounted for most nest failures. Losses due to both these mortality factors were unpredictable from year to year. Nest spacing in salt marsh colonies was much closer than it was on barrier beaches. In mixed-species colonies with Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger), distances between tern and skimmer nests were also much smaller in marsh colonies than they were on beaches. The limited amount of wrack (windrows of dead, matted vegetation) preferred by marsh-nesting terns probably explains these spacing differences. Several lines of evidence suggest that terns prefer beaches to marshes for nesting, however, the uncertainty of predation and flooding may often obscure any intrinsic differences in habitat quality. Long-term field studies are essential for testing hypotheses related to differential fitness of individuals among habitats.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521066","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., and Smith, D.C., 1985, Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 8, no. 2, p. 155-165, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521066.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"165","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198321,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. C. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":31057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}