This paper reports organochlorine (OCL) concentrations in breeding female tree swallows, nestlings, and eggs, and measurements of egg size and eggshell thickness. Our objective was to determine if higher concentrations of OCL chemicals were associated with adult mortality or nesting failure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01636586","usgsCitation":"DeWeese, L.R., Cohen, R.R., and Stafford, C.J., 1985, Organochlorine residues and eggshell measurements for tree swallows Tachycineta bicolor in Colorado: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 767-775, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01636586.","productDescription":"767-775","startPage":"767","endPage":"775","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a793","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWeese, Lawrence R.","contributorId":72047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWeese","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohen, Ronald R.H.","contributorId":87523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stafford, Charles J.","contributorId":65338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222051,"text":"5222051 - 1985 - Organochlorine residues in animals from three Louisiana watersheds in 1978 and 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-31T11:18:18.151269","indexId":"5222051","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues in animals from three Louisiana watersheds in 1978 and 1979","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1007/BF01609814","usgsCitation":"Dowd, P., Mayfield, G., Coulon, D., Graves, J., and Newson, J., 1985, Organochlorine residues in animals from three Louisiana watersheds in 1978 and 1979: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 34, no. 6, p. 832-841, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01609814.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"832","endPage":"841","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a7b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowd, P.F.","contributorId":62320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowd","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayfield, G.U.","contributorId":47485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayfield","given":"G.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coulon, D.P.","contributorId":45416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coulon","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graves, J.B.","contributorId":26781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newson, J.D.","contributorId":105818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newson","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5222058,"text":"5222058 - 1985 - On condition bias and band-recovery data from large-scale waterfowl banding programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5222058","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On condition bias and band-recovery data from large-scale waterfowl banding programs","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Burnham, K., and Nichols, J., 1985, On condition bias and band-recovery data from large-scale waterfowl banding programs: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 13, no. 3, p. 345-349.","productDescription":"345-349","startPage":"345","endPage":"349","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18486,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782504","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":199072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691bdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222062,"text":"5222062 - 1985 - Effects of pelletized anticoagulant rodenticides on California quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-18T00:28:58.372928","indexId":"5222062","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of pelletized anticoagulant rodenticides on California quail","docAbstract":"A moribund, emaciated California quail (Callipepla californica) that was found in an orchard in the state of Washington had an impacted crop and gizzard. Pellets containing the anticoagulant chlorophacinone (Rozol, RO) were in the crop; the gizzard contents consisted of a pink mass of paraffin that was selectively accumulated from the paraffinized pellets. The plasma prothrombin time of 28 sec was near that determined for control quail. The signs of RO intoxication seen in the moribund wild quail were duplicated in captive quail given ad libitum diets of either RO or another paraffinized chlorophacinone pellet (Mr. Rat Guard II, MRG). This left little doubt that paraffin impaction of the gizzard was the primary problem. All captive quail fed RO or MRG pellets showed no increases in prothrombin times compared to control values, died in an emaciated condition, and had gizzards impacted with paraffin.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-21.4.391","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., Henny, C.J., and Grove, R.A., 1985, Effects of pelletized anticoagulant rodenticides on California quail: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 21, no. 4, p. 391-395, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.4.391.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"395","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480152,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.4.391","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":196364,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611aaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grove, R. A.","contributorId":6546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grove","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222044,"text":"5222044 - 1985 - Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:32:38.810099","indexId":"5222044","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast","docAbstract":"Nesting Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) were studied at a number of barrier beaches and small islands of tidal salt marsh in New Jersey and the Eastern Shore of Maryland-Virginina from 1980 through 1982. Data were collected on clutch sizes, nest spacing, and nesting success. The principal null hypothesis tested was that no difference in reproductive success exists between beach and marsh habitats. Nests were monitored from egg-laying in mid-May until mid-July when young fledged. Clutch sizes varied among colonies and across years but no systematic effect of year, habitat, or colony size on mean clutch size per colony was detected. Analyses of nest productivity (estimated using both the Mayfield method and using a colony average) failed to reveal significant effects of habitat or colony size but showed a stronger year effect. Storm tide flooding and egg chick disappearance (presumably predation by Herring Gulls Larus argentatus and Laughing Gulls L. atricilla nesting nearby) accounted for most nest failures. Losses due to both these mortality factors were unpredictable from year to year. Nest spacing in salt marsh colonies was much closer than it was on barrier beaches. In mixed-species colonies with Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger), distances between tern and skimmer nests were also much smaller in marsh colonies than they were on beaches. The limited amount of wrack (windrows of dead, matted vegetation) preferred by marsh-nesting terns probably explains these spacing differences. Several lines of evidence suggest that terns prefer beaches to marshes for nesting, however, the uncertainty of predation and flooding may often obscure any intrinsic differences in habitat quality. Long-term field studies are essential for testing hypotheses related to differential fitness of individuals among habitats.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521066","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., and Smith, D.C., 1985, Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 8, no. 2, p. 155-165, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521066.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"165","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198321,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. C. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":31057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222074,"text":"5222074 - 1985 - Accumulation of methylmercury in the earthworm, Eisenia foetida, and its effect on regeneration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-22T18:00:14.268542","indexId":"5222074","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Accumulation of methylmercury in the earthworm, Eisenia foetida, and its effect on regeneration","title":"Accumulation of methylmercury in the earthworm, Eisenia foetida, and its effect on regeneration","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01636494","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., Cromartie, E., and Moment, G.B., 1985, Accumulation of methylmercury in the earthworm, Eisenia foetida, and its effect on regeneration: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 35, p. 157-162, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01636494.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a35b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cromartie, E.","contributorId":13926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cromartie","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moment, G. B.","contributorId":57981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moment","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222052,"text":"5222052 - 1985 - Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-04T18:00:40.65905","indexId":"5222052","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields","docAbstract":"Selected rice fields on the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex were aerially sprayed one time during May or June 1982 with either ethyl (0.11 kg Al/ha) or methyl (0.84 kg AI/ha) parathion for control of tadpole shrimp, Triops longicaudatus. No sick or dead vertebrate wildlife were found or adjacent to the treated rice fields after spraying. Specimens of the following birds and mammals were assayed for brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity to determine exposure to either form of parathion; house mouse, Mus musculus; black-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus californicus; mallard, Anas platyrhynchos; ring-necked pheasant, Phasianus colchicus; American coot, Fulica americana; and red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus. Both mice and pheasants from methyl parathion-treated fields had overall mean ChE activities that were significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited compared with controls, and 7, 40, 54 and 57% of individual blackbirds, pheasant, mice, and coots, respectively, had inhibited brain ChE activities (i.e., less than -2 SD of control mean). Although no overall species effect was detected for ethyl parathoid treatment, pheasants (43%), coots (33%), and mice (37%) had significantly inhibited brain ChE activities. Neither of the parathion treatment appeared acutely hazardous to wildlife in or adjacent to rice fields, but sufficient information on potential hazards was obtained to warrant caution in use of these chemicals, especially methyl parathion, in rice fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., Hill, E.F., and Ohlendorf, H.M., 1985, Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields: California Fish and Game, v. 71, no. 4, p. 220-224.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"224","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390186,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildlife.ca.gov/publications/journal"},{"id":198994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.23869323730467,\n 39.27372656321117\n ],\n [\n -121.99356079101562,\n 39.27372656321117\n ],\n [\n -121.99356079101562,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -122.23869323730467,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -122.23869323730467,\n 39.27372656321117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f7bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Elwood F.","contributorId":27115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Elwood","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ohlendorf, Harry M.","contributorId":60291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5223607,"text":"5223607 - 1985 - Cyclopogon deminkiorum a new species from Paraguay (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5223607","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1178,"text":"Canadian Orchid Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cyclopogon deminkiorum a new species from Paraguay (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae)","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Orchid Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Burns-Balogh, P., and Foster, M., 1985, Cyclopogon deminkiorum a new species from Paraguay (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae): Canadian Orchid Journal, v. 3, no. 3.","productDescription":"59","startPage":"59","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ebbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns-Balogh, P.","contributorId":43077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns-Balogh","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, M.S. 0000-0001-8272-4608","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-4608","contributorId":10116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222073,"text":"5222073 - 1985 - Toxicity to woodlice of zinc and lead oxides added to soil litter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:52","indexId":"5222073","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":698,"text":"Ambio","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity to woodlice of zinc and lead oxides added to soil litter","docAbstract":"Previous studies have shown that high concentrations of metals in soil are associated with reductions in decomposer populations. We have here determined the relation between the concentrations of lead and zinc added as oxides to soil litter and the survival and reproduction of a decomposer population under controlled conditions. Laboratory populations of woodlice (Porcellio scaber Latr) were fed soil litter treated with lead or zinc at concentrations that ranged from 100 to 12,800 ppm. The survival of the adults, the maximum number of young alive, and the average number of young alive, were recorded over 64 weeks. Lead at 12,800 ppm and zinc at 1,600 ppm or more had statistically significant (p < 0.05) negative effects on the populations. These results agree with field observations suggesting that lead and zinc have reduced populations of decomposers in contaminated forest soil litter, and concentrations are similar to those reported to be associated with reductions in natural populations of decomposers. Poisoning of decomposers may disrupt nutrient cycling, reduce the numbers of invertebrates available to other wildlife for food, and contribute to the contamination of food chains.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ambio","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., and Anderson, A., 1985, Toxicity to woodlice of zinc and lead oxides added to soil litter: Ambio, v. 14, no. 3, p. 173-174.","productDescription":"173-174","startPage":"173","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18478,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4313137","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":199410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627f7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, A.","contributorId":43727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223723,"text":"5223723 - 1985 - Sperm whales (Physeter catodon) in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:42","indexId":"5223723","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sperm whales (Physeter catodon) in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The distribution of the sperm whale, Physeter catodon, was documented in the Gulf of Mexico during 1979 to 1981 using regular aerial surveys and opportunistic sightings from ships. Most sightings were in the western Gulf of Mexico in deep waters near the edge of the continental shelf. A total of 47 adults and 12 young animals was sighted in groups containing from one to 14 animals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Collum, L., and Fritts, T.H., 1985, Sperm whales (Physeter catodon) in the Gulf of Mexico: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 30, no. 1, p. 101-104.","productDescription":"101-104","startPage":"101","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18489,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3670663","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":199958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb65f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collum, L.A.","contributorId":19663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collum","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, T. H.","contributorId":40147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"T.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222075,"text":"5222075 - 1985 - Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves (Canis lupus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-01T11:18:06.920397","indexId":"5222075","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves (Canis lupus)","docAbstract":"Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves was investigated by a labelling technique using protein-bound iodine125 and food dye. Wolves deposited secretions on some but not all scats. Adult males, especially the alpha male, deposited anal-sac secretions more frequently while defecating than did females or juveniles. Secretions sometimes also were deposited independently of defecation, suggesting a dual role in communication by these substances.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1380960","usgsCitation":"Asa, C.S., Peterson, E., Seal, U., and Mech, L., 1985, Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves (Canis lupus): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 66, no. 1, p. 89-93, https://doi.org/10.2307/1380960.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"93","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asa, C. S.","contributorId":34615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asa","given":"C.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, E.K.","contributorId":77261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"E.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222036,"text":"5222036 - 1985 - Detecting and displaying the structure of an animal's home range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:49","indexId":"5222036","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":746,"text":"American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Statistical Computing Section","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting and displaying the structure of an animal's home range","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Statistical Computing Section","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Geissler, P., and Fuller, M., 1985, Detecting and displaying the structure of an animal's home range: American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Statistical Computing Section, v. 1985, p. 378-383.","productDescription":"378-383","startPage":"378","endPage":"383","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1985","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667af6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223070,"text":"5223070 - 1985 - Growth and blood chemistry of ducklings reared on acidified wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-13T21:45:12.502001","indexId":"5223070","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":749,"text":"American Zoologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and blood chemistry of ducklings reared on acidified wetlands","docAbstract":"Acid deposition is one factor that may be responsible for the decline of some waterfowl populations. Growth and physiological condition were monitored in captive-reared black ducks (Anas rubripes) exposed for 10-day trials (day 11-20 of life) on control (pH 6.8) and acidified (pH 5.0) man-made emergent wetlands. Impaired growth (body weight, culmen and tarsus length) and increased mortality (50%) were apparent in broods (hen + 4 ducklings) reared on acidified wetIands. Ducklings exbibiting poor growth had reduced hematocrit, plasma protein and cholesterol levels. This subset of birds had elevated plasma uric acid concentration and creatine kinase activity (perhaps due to enhanced protein and nucleotide catabolism). and elevated pIasma K+ levels. Based upon overt appearance, growth and blood chemistry, ducklings exposed to acidified wetlands were concluded to be in poorer condittion than those exposed on circumneutral pH wetlands.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic Press","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., Haramis, G., Linder, G., and Chu, D., 1985, Growth and blood chemistry of ducklings reared on acidified wetlands: American Zoologist, v. 25, no. 4, p. 17A-17A.","productDescription":"63, 1 p.","startPage":"17A","endPage":"17A","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414062,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/25.4.1"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655911","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":337794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haramis, G. mharamis@usgs.gov","contributorId":98011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haramis","given":"G.","email":"mharamis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linder, G.","contributorId":43070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chu, D.","contributorId":91592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5223509,"text":"5223509 - 1985 - American black duck record from Korea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:40","indexId":"5223509","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"American black duck record from Korea","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., 1985, American black duck record from Korea: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 56.","productDescription":"277","startPage":"277","numberOfPages":"277","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18433,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v056n03/p0277-p0277.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":199855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686902","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, R.C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222076,"text":"5222076 - 1985 - The use of urine, faeces, and anal-gland secretions in scent-marking by a captive wolf (Canis lupus) pack","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:52","indexId":"5222076","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of urine, faeces, and anal-gland secretions in scent-marking by a captive wolf (Canis lupus) pack","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80043-9","usgsCitation":"Asa, C.S., Mech, L., and Seal, U., 1985, The use of urine, faeces, and anal-gland secretions in scent-marking by a captive wolf (Canis lupus) pack: Animal Behaviour, v. 33, no. 3, p. 1034-1036, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80043-9.","productDescription":"1034-1036","startPage":"1034","endPage":"1036","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18431,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80043-9","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f4e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asa, C. S.","contributorId":34615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asa","given":"C.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221997,"text":"5221997 - 1985 - [Book review] The Starling by Christopher Feare","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:43","indexId":"5221997","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:01","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3214,"text":"The Quarterly Review of Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] The Starling by Christopher Feare","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quarterly Review of Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1985, [Book review] The Starling by Christopher Feare: The Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 60, no. 2, p. 229-230.","productDescription":"229-230","startPage":"229","endPage":"230","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17734,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/2828452","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":197373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9970","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221993,"text":"5221993 - 1985 - Tenth anniversary meeting keynote address","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-10T13:34:18","indexId":"5221993","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2992,"text":"Pacific Seabird Group Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tenth anniversary meeting keynote address","docAbstract":"I consider it a privilege and pleasure to address this, the tenth meeting of the Pacific Seabird Group. I have divided my talk into three parts. In the first I will give details as to how and why the group was formed and tell you about some of those who played major roles in the formation. In the second part I will provide you with my impression of what PSG has done since the first meeting in 1974. Finally I will discuss the future of PSG and make some suggestions on how it might move ahead.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Seabird Group","usgsCitation":"Scott, J.M., 1985, Tenth anniversary meeting keynote address: Pacific Seabird Group Bulletin, v. 12, no. 1, p. 28-31.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"31","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337371,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pacificseabirdgroup.org/psg-publications/pacific-seabirds/","text":"Journal's Website"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db685149","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, J. Michael","contributorId":98877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221505,"text":"5221505 - 1985 - Effect of ACTH on plasma corticosterone and cortisol in eagles and condors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5221505","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2528,"text":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of ACTH on plasma corticosterone and cortisol in eagles and condors","docAbstract":"The effect of ACTH on plasma corticosterone and cortisol was determined in 12 eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and in 6 Andean condors (Vultur gryphus). In all raptors, the concentration of plasma corticosterone was substantially greater than that of cortisol. After ACTH administration, the eagles had a marked increase (P less than 0.001) in plasma corticosterone concentrations, but not in plasma cortisol. Administration of saline solution did not induce increased plasma corticosterone concentrations in the eagles. The condors had a smaller increase (P less than 0.002) in plasma corticosterone concentrations after ACTH administration, as compared with that of the eagles. However, administration of saline solution in 2 condors resulted in an increase in corticosterone similar to the increase after ACTH administration. In the condor, a stress-related release of endogenous ACTH may have an effect similar to that induced by exogenously administered ACTH. Plasma cortisol concentrations did not increase significantly after administration of ACTH or saline solution in either raptor species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Zenoble, R., Kemppainen, R., Young, D., and Carpenter, J.W., 1985, Effect of ACTH on plasma corticosterone and cortisol in eagles and condors: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 187, no. 11, p. 1119-1120.","productDescription":"1119-1120","startPage":"1119","endPage":"1120","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"187","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62582f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zenoble, R.D.","contributorId":24051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zenoble","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kemppainen, R.J.","contributorId":77626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemppainen","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, D.W.","contributorId":45417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5223359,"text":"5223359 - 1985 - Contamination from battery salvage operations on the Chipola River, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:38","indexId":"5223359","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contamination from battery salvage operations on the Chipola River, Florida","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Winger, P.V., Schultz, D., and Johnson, W., 1985, Contamination from battery salvage operations on the Chipola River, Florida: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 39, p. 139-145.","productDescription":"139-145","startPage":"139","endPage":"145","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a0ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winger, P. V.","contributorId":43075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winger","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schultz, D.P.","contributorId":106054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, W.W.","contributorId":20032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221995,"text":"5221995 - 1985 - [Book review] Seabirds: An Identification Guide, by Peter Harrison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:43","indexId":"5221995","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3214,"text":"The Quarterly Review of Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] Seabirds: An Identification Guide, by Peter Harrison","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quarterly Review of Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1985, [Book review] Seabirds: An Identification Guide, by Peter Harrison: The Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 60, no. 1, p. 93-94.","productDescription":"93-94","startPage":"93","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17685,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/2827666","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":197371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4799e4b07f02db48f607","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224572,"text":"5224572 - 1985 - The eighty-fifth Christmas bird count. 459. Ocean City, MD","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5224572","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The eighty-fifth Christmas bird count. 459. Ocean City, MD","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1985, The eighty-fifth Christmas bird count. 459. Ocean City, MD: American Birds, v. 39, no. 4, p. 537-538.","productDescription":"537-538","startPage":"537","endPage":"538","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65dda0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224296,"text":"5224296 - 1985 - The austral peregrine falcon: Color variation, productivity, and pesticides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:10","indexId":"5224296","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2815,"text":"National Geographic Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The austral peregrine falcon: Color variation, productivity, and pesticides","docAbstract":"The austral peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus cassini) was studied in the Andean foot- hills and across the Patagonian steppe from November to December 1981. The birds under study (18 pairs) were reproducing at or near normal (pre-DDT) levels for other races. Pesticide residues, while elevated, were well below the values associated with reproductive failure in other populations. With one exception, eggshells were not abnormally thin. The peregrine falcon in Patagonia exhibits extreme color variation. Pallid birds are nearly pure white below (light cream as juveniles), whereas normally pigmented birds are black-crowned and conspicuously barred with black ventrally. Rare individuals of the Normal Phase display black heads, broad black ventral barring, and warm reddish-brown ventral background coloration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"National Geographic Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., 1985, The austral peregrine falcon: Color variation, productivity, and pesticides: National Geographic Research, v. 1, no. 3, p. 388-394.","productDescription":"388-394","startPage":"388","endPage":"394","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698cf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222085,"text":"5222085 - 1985 - Shiny cowbird parasitism in two avian communities in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T14:20:58.619624","indexId":"5222085","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shiny cowbird parasitism in two avian communities in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The shiny cowbird (M. bonariensis), a brood parasite, has recently expanded its range from South America to Puerto Rico via the Lesser Antilles. This species is a host generalist and, on reaching Puerto Rico, encounteed avian species with no history of social parasitism. In mangrove habitat study areas, 42% of the resident non-raptorial land bird species were parasitized. Some species were heavily parasitized; e.g., yellow warbler (Dendroica petechia), 76% of nests parasitized black-whiskered vireo (Vireo altiloquus), 82%, Puerto Rican flycatcher (Myiarchus antillarum), 85%, yellow-shouldered blackbird (Agelaius xanthomus), 95%, troupial (Icterus icterus), 100%, black-cowled oriole (I. dominicensis), 100%. Others suffered low rates of parasitism (2-17% of nests examined); e.g., gray kingbird (Tyrannus dominicensis), red-legged thrush (Turdus plumbeus), bronze mannikin (Lonchura cucullata), northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos), greater antillean grackle (Quiscalus niger). Cowbird parasitism affected hosts by depressing nest success an average of 41% below non-parasitized nests and reducing host productivity. Parasitized host nests hatched 12% fewer eggs an fledged 67% fewer of their own chicks than non-parasitized pairs.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1366878","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J.W., 1985, Shiny cowbird parasitism in two avian communities in Puerto Rico: Condor, v. 87, no. 2, p. 165-176, https://doi.org/10.2307/1366878.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4449","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, J. W.","contributorId":51399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221996,"text":"5221996 - 1985 - [Book review] Seabirds of Eastern North Pacific and Arctic Waters, Delphine Haley, editor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:43","indexId":"5221996","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":939,"text":"Audubon Naturalist News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] Seabirds of Eastern North Pacific and Arctic Waters, Delphine Haley, editor","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Audubon Naturalist News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1985, [Book review] Seabirds of Eastern North Pacific and Arctic Waters, Delphine Haley, editor: Audubon Naturalist News, v. 11, no. 2.","productDescription":"6","startPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47b9e4b07f02db4a2527","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221984,"text":"5221984 - 1985 - The captive programme for the endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:48","indexId":"5221984","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":951,"text":"Avicultural Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The captive programme for the endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Avicultural Magazine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J.W., 1985, The captive programme for the endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata: Avicultural Magazine, v. 91, no. 2, p. 110-116.","productDescription":"110-116","startPage":"110","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6695e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, J. W.","contributorId":51399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}