The potential for widespread landslides is generally increased when extraordinary wet periods occur during times of elevated subsurface hydrologic conditions. A series of storms in early 2018 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, overlapped with a period of increased shallow soil moisture and rising bedrock groundwater levels resulting from seasonally diminished evapotranspiration and induced widespread landslides in the region. Most of the landslides were shallow slope failures in colluvium, landslide deposits, and/or fill. However, deep-seated landslide activity also occurred and corresponded with record cumulative precipitation from late February to April and bedrock groundwater levels rising to an annual high. Landslides blocked or damaged roads, adversely affected multiple houses, disrupted electrical service, crushed vehicles, and resulted in considerable economic losses. The initial landslides occurred during or immediately after a rare period of three successive days of heavy rain that began on February 14. Subsequent landslides between late February and April were induced by multiday storms with smaller rainfall totals. As shallow soil moisture at a monitoring site rose above a volumetric water content of 32%, the mean rainfall intensities necessary to induce slope failure in colluvium and other surficial deposits decreased. Deep-seated landslide movement occurred in the region mostly when the groundwater level in a bedrock observation well was shallower than 1.7 m. The availability of hydrologic and landslide movement monitoring data during this extraordinary series of storms highlighted the evolution of the landslide hazard with changing moisture conditions and yielded insights into potential hydrologic criteria for anticipating future widespread landslides in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-021-01665-x","usgsCitation":"Ashland, F., 2021, Critical shallow and deep hydrologic conditions associated with widespread landslides during a series of storms between February and April 2018 in Pittsburgh and vicinity, western Pennsylvania, USA: Landslides, v. 18, no. 6, p. 2159-2174, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-021-01665-x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2159","endPage":"2174","ipdsId":"IP-099724","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BHFXFS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Monitoring data from the Aleppo rockslide, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, November 2013 - December 2018"},{"id":387112,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Allegheny County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.15625,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 40.07807142745009\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashland, Francis 0000-0001-9948-0195 fashland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9948-0195","contributorId":198587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashland","given":"Francis","email":"fashland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221440,"text":"70221440 - 2021 - Slow recovery of headwater-stream fishes following a catastrophic poisoning event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T16:51:22.63117","indexId":"70221440","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-14T06:53:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slow recovery of headwater-stream fishes following a catastrophic poisoning event","docAbstract":"Accidental spills of chemicals and other pollutants can decimate populations of stream-dwelling species. Recovery from such accidents can be relatively fast and complete when the affected stream reaches can be recolonized from upstream and downstream sources. However, faunal recoveries from accidental spills that extirpate populations from entire headwater streams have not been extensively documented, and understanding resilience of headwater-stream biota is relevant for assessing threats to at-risk species. We assessed recovery of fish populations in a 5.7-km long headwater stream in the southeastern United States following a complete, or nearly complete, fish-kill caused by a chemical spill near the source of the stream. We sampled for fishes at five stream locations, two downstream and three upstream from a perched, culverted road-crossing located 2.4 km upstream from the stream mouth, over a period of 18.5 months following the poisoning event. We observed 11 fish species, representing <65% of the fish species expected based on occurrences in nearby tributary streams. In post-poisoning sampling, only three of these taxa were observed upstream of the culvert; all 11 species, including the federally threatened Cherokee Darter Etheostoma scotti, were found downstream of the culvert but were mostly represented by a few, large individuals. In contrast, dead individuals of at least eight taxa including the Cherokee Darter were observed upstream of the culvert at the time of the fish-kill. These observations provide evidence of slow recovery of a headwater fish fauna, and especially upstream of a barrier to fish movement, where the recolonization sources are primarily downstream. Additional case studies may reveal whether this result applies generally to headwater streams. Slow recovery could make species that primarily inhabit or maintain greatest abundances in headwaters, including multiple at-risk fishes, particularly vulnerable to the threat of accidental spills that result in local population extirpation.
For decades, we have known that chemicals affect human and wildlife behavior. Moreover, due to recent technological and computational advances, scientists are now increasingly aware that a wide variety of contaminants and other environmental stressors adversely affect organismal behavior and subsequent ecological outcomes in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. There is also a groundswell of concern that regulatory ecotoxicology does not adequately consider behavior, primarily due to a lack of standardized toxicity methods. This has, in turn, led to the exclusion of many behavioral ecotoxicology studies from chemical risk assessments. To improve understanding of the challenges and opportunities for behavioral ecotoxicology within regulatory toxicology/risk assessment, a unique workshop with international representatives from the fields of behavioral ecology, ecotoxicology, regulatory (eco)toxicology, neurotoxicology, test standardization, and risk assessment resulted in the formation of consensus perspectives and recommendations, which promise to serve as a roadmap to advance interfaces among the basic and translational sciences, and regulatory practices.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.0c06493","usgsCitation":"Ford, A.T., Agerstrand, M., Brooks, B.W., Allen, J., Bertram, M.G., Brodin, T., Dang, Z., Duquesne, S., Sahm, R., Hoffmann, F., Hollert, H., Jacob, S., Kluver, N., Lazorchak, J., Ledesma, M., Melvin, S.D., Mohr, S., Padilla, S., Pyle, G.G., Scholz, S., Saaristo, M., Smit, E., Steevens, J.A., van den Berg, S., Kloas, W., Wong, B.B., Ziegler, M., and Maack, G., 2021, The role of behavioral ecotoxicology in environmental protection: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 55, no. 9, p. 5620-5628, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c06493.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"5620","endPage":"5628","ipdsId":"IP-120678","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c06493","text":"Publisher Index 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We piloted the use of smartphones to monitor wildlife in the Riverside East Solar Energy Zone (California) and at Indiana Dunes National Park (Indiana). For both efforts, we established remote autonomous monitoring stations in which we housed an Android smartphone in a weather-proof box mounted to a pole and powered by solar panels. We connected each smartphone to a Google account, and the smartphone received its recording/photo schedule daily via a Google Calendar connection when in data transmission mode. Phones were automated by Tasker, an Android application for automating cell phone tasks. We describe a simple approach that could be adopted by others who wish to use nonproprietary methods of data collection and analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/JFWM-20-071","usgsCitation":"Donovan, T.M., Balantic, C., Katz, J., Massar, M., Knutson, R., Duh, K., Jones, P., Epstein, K., Lacasse-Roger, J., and Dias, J., 2021, Remote ecological monitoring with smartphones and tasker: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 12, no. 1, p. 163-173, https://doi.org/10.3996/JFWM-20-071.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"173","ipdsId":"IP-122817","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452688,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-20-071","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396620,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Indiana Dunes National Park, Riverside East Solar Energy 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Idaho"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-14T11:23:11.316012","indexId":"pp1666","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-13T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1666","title":"Geology of the Payette National Forest and vicinity, west-central Idaho","docAbstract":"Before the Late Cretaceous, the eastern and western parts of the geologically complex Payette National Forest, as divided by the Salmon River suture, had fundamentally different geologic histories. The eastern part is underlain by Mesoproterozoic to Cambrian(?) rocks of the Laurentian (Precambrian North American) continent. Thick Mesoproterozoic units, which are at least in part equivalent in age to the Belt Supergroup of northern Idaho and western Montana, under-went Mesoproterozoic metamorphic and deformational events, including intrusion of Mesoproterozoic plutons. During the Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic, the western edge of Laurentia was rifted. This event included magmatism and resulted in deposition of rift-related Neoproterozoic to Lower Cambrian(?) volcanic and sedimentary rocks above Mesoproterozoic rocks. The western part of the forest is underlain by upper Paleozoic to lower Mesozoic island-arc volcanic and sedimentary rocks. These rocks comprise four recognized island-arc terranes that were amalgamated and intruded by intermediate-composition plutons, probably in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, and then sutured to Laurentia along the Salmon River suture in the Late Cretaceous.
The Salmon River suture formed as a right-lateral, transpressive fault. The metamorphic grade and structural complexity of the rocks increase toward the suture from both sides, and geochemical signatures in crosscutting plutonic rocks abruptly differ across the crustal boundary. Having been reactivated by younger structures, the Salmon River suture forms a north-trending topographic depression along Long Valley, through McCall, to the Goose Creek and French Creek drainages.
During the last stages of metamorphism and deformation related to the suture event, voluminous plutons of the Idaho batholith were intruded east of the suture. An older plutonic series is intermediate in composition and preserved as elongated and deformed bodies near the suture and as parts of roof pendants to younger intrusions to the east. A younger magma series consists of undeformed, marginally peraluminous plutons that formed east of the suture after accretion.
After suture-related compression, crustal extension resulted in voluminous volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Eocene Challis magmatic complex on the east side of the forest. Extension, from the Late Cretaceous to post-Miocene, uplifted the area of the Idaho batholith relative to the western part of the forest and formed dominant highlands along the Snake River. Extensional basins also formed such that, in the Miocene, the Columbia River Basalt Group and related basaltic lavas flowed over most of the lower elevations on the western side of the forest and redirected erosional debris into north-trending, fault-controlled drainages and young sedimentary basins.
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U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-973
Denver, CO 80225-0046
Hibernation is an adaptation to survive periods of stress, from food limitation or harsh thermal conditions. A key question in contemporary ecology is whether rare, range-restricted species can change their behavior in response to climate change (i.e., through behavioral plasticity). The northern Idaho ground squirrel, Urocitellus brunneus (A. H. Howell, 1928), is a federally threatened species that hibernates for approximately 8 months per year within the bounds of its small range in central Idaho, USA. Changes in temperature, snow accumulation, and summer precipitation, all brought about as a result of climate change, may reduce survival or fecundity of northern Idaho ground squirrels if they cannot adapt to these climate changes. Hibernating species can respond to climate-change-induced thermal challenges in two ways: change their hibernation physiology and behavior (i.e., emergence date or number of torpor bouts) or alter their environment (i.e., change hibernacula depth or location). We explored a suite of intrinsic and extrinsic factors to document the extent to which they influenced hibernation behavior of northern Idaho ground squirrels. Emergence date was positively associated with snowpack and negatively associated with mean winter temperature. Mean minimum skin temperature was negatively associated with canopy closure and slope of a squirrel’s hibernaculum. Duration of the heterothermal period, number of euthermic bouts, and total time spent euthermic were positively associated with body mass. Immergence date and duration of the longest torpor bout were negatively associated with body mass. Warmer temperatures and less snow accumulation in the winter—caused by climate change—likely will cause altered emergence dates. Our results suggest that any future climate-induced changes in snowfall, ambient temperature, food availability, or habitat likely will impact survival of this rare ground squirrel, because such changes will cause changes in hibernation behavior, percent mass loss during hibernation, and duration of the active season when small mammals are more susceptible to predation.
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Landsat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-24T11:50:53.369746","indexId":"fs20213021","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-13T12:42:54","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-3021","displayTitle":"Oregon and Landsat","title":"Oregon and Landsat","docAbstract":"Oregon’s landscape is as complex and diverse as it is beautiful. Mountain peaks in the Cascade Range soar higher than 10,000 feet. Crater Lake sinks to a depth of 1,943 feet, making it the deepest lake in the United States. Oregon’s lands feature forests, farm fields, grasslands, ocean coastline, rivers, a semidesert, and mountain ranges that stretch across the State. A wide range of birds, animals, and fish—including 16 federally endangered species—share this space with more than 4 million people.
With Oregon’s economy tied to these natural resources, industries like agriculture, timber, and fishing interlace with the well-being of wildlife and residents. Landsat data and imagery are one of many U.S. Geological Survey tools used by State resource managers and scientists to help achieve a natural balance and provide information about forests, habitats, and much more to Oregon decision makers. This will become even more important as research indicates climate change will make extreme weather more likely, leading to the likely increase in droughts, infestation, wildfires, and other natural hazards.
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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: April 13, 2021; Version 1.1: January 23, 2023","contact":"Program Coordinator, National Land Imaging Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
This study addresses questions about the productivity of Cascadia mainshock–aftershock sequences using earthquake catalogs produced by the Geological Survey of Canada and the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network. Questions concern the likelihood that future moderate to large intermediate depth intraslab earthquakes in Cascadia would have as few detectable aftershocks as those documented since 1949. More broadly, for Cascadia, we consider if aftershock productivities vary spatially, if they are outliers among global subduction zones, and if they are consistent with a physical model in which aftershocks are clock‐advanced versions of tectonically driven background seismicity. A practical motivation for this study is to assess the likely accuracy of aftershock forecasts based on productivities derived from global data that are now being issued routinely by the U.S. Geological Survey. For this reason, we estimated productivity following the identical procedures used in those forecasts and described in Page et al. (2016). Results indicate that in Cascadia we can say that the next intermediate depth intraslab earthquake will likely have just a few detectable aftershocks and that aftershock productivity appears to be an outlier among global subduction zones, with rates that on average are lower by more than half, except for mainshocks in the upper plate. Our results are consistent with a clock‐advance model; productivities may be related to the proximity of mainshocks to a population of seismogenic fault patches and correlate with background seismicity rates. The latter and a clear correlation between productivities with mainshock depth indicate that both factors may have predictive value for aftershock forecasting.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200344","usgsCitation":"Gomberg, J.S., and Bodin, P., 2021, The productivity of Cascadia aftershock sequences: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 111, no. 3, p. 1494-1507, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200344.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1494","endPage":"1507","ipdsId":"IP-123911","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 50\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"111","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomberg, Joan S. 0000-0002-0134-2606 gomberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-2606","contributorId":1269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","email":"gomberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodin, Paul","contributorId":339818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bodin","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70229375,"text":"70229375 - 2021 - Gonad size measured by ultrasound to assign stage of maturity in Burbot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-04T16:44:25.817882","indexId":"70229375","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-13T10:30:16","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gonad size measured by ultrasound to assign stage of maturity in Burbot","docAbstract":"We measured gonad size (diameter and circumference) by ultrasound and used it as a metric to assign stage of maturity in Burbot Lota lota from Lake Roosevelt, Washington. We collected paired gonad tissue and ultrasound measurements monthly from November 2017 to March 2018 and processed gonad tissue for histological analysis to confirm stage of maturity. We measured gonad diameter and circumference by ultrasound. We also measured excised gonad diameter (i.e., true gonad diameter) by digital calipers and excised gonad circumference (i.e., true gonad circumference) by a measuring tape. All late vitellogenic (stage 6) ovaries measured by ultrasound had a diameter greater than 3.90 cm, suggesting a value of 3.90 cm or greater may be used to characterize females capable of spawning in the current reproductive cycle. One mid-spermatogenic (stage 3) and all ripe (stage 4) testes were too large to be measured and were assigned a diameter of 5.11 cm, the maximum value capable of being measured by our ultrasound transducer. A value of 5.11 cm or greater may be used to characterize males capable of spawning in the current reproductive cycle. Testis circumference measured by ultrasound is not reported because some testes were wider than the ultrasound transducer and could not be measured. Measurements of testis diameter did not differ between measurement methods (ultrasound versus true), but ultrasound measurements of ovary diameter and circumference were higher than true measurements. We attributed the difference between measurement methods to flattening of the ovary while applying the ultrasound transducer. Gonad diameter and circumference measured by ultrasound were highly correlated with gonadosomatic index and ovarian follicle diameter, indicating gonad size measured by ultrasound is an appropriate index of gonad development in Burbot.
","language":"English","publisher":"Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/JFWM-20-082","usgsCitation":"McGarvey, L.M., Ilgen, J., Webb, M.A., Guy, C.S., and McLellan, J., 2021, Gonad size measured by ultrasound to assign stage of maturity in Burbot: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 12, no. 1, p. 241-249, https://doi.org/10.3996/JFWM-20-082.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"249","ipdsId":"IP-124191","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/jfwm-20-082","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River, Lake Roosevelt","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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M.","contributorId":287274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGarvey","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36244,"text":"MSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ilgen, Jason E.","contributorId":276361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ilgen","given":"Jason E.","affiliations":[{"id":56967,"text":"cct","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Molly A. 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H.","affiliations":[{"id":18870,"text":"Bozeman Fish Technology Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman, Montana 59715","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guy, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9936-4781 cguy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-4781","contributorId":2876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Christopher","email":"cguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McLellan, Jason G.","contributorId":276363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLellan","given":"Jason G.","affiliations":[{"id":27988,"text":"Colville Confederated Tribes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70220220,"text":"70220220 - 2021 - Integrating ecological impacts: Perspectives on drought in the Upper Missouri Headwaters, Montana, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-28T13:20:10.265663","indexId":"70220220","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-13T08:17:18","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8576,"text":"Weather, Climate and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating ecological impacts: Perspectives on drought in the Upper Missouri Headwaters, Montana, United States","docAbstract":"Drought is a complex challenge experienced in specific locations through diverse impacts, including ecological impacts. Different professionals involved in drought preparedness and response approach the problem from different points of view, which means they may or may not recognize ecological impacts. This study examines the extent to which interviewees perceive ecological drought in the Upper Missouri Headwaters basin in southwestern Montana. Through semistructured interviews, this research investigates individuals’ perceptions of drought by analyzing how they define drought, how they describe their roles related to drought, and the extent to which they emphasize ecological impacts of drought. Results suggest that while most interviewees have an integrated understanding of drought, they tend to emphasize either ecological or nonecological impacts of drought. This focus was termed their drought orientation. Next, the analysis considers how participants understand exposure to drought. Results indicate that participants view drought as a complex problem driven by both human and natural factors. Last, the paper explores understandings of the available solution space by examining interviewees’ views on adaptive capacity, particularly factors that facilitate or hinder the ability of the Upper Missouri Headwaters region to cope with drought. Participants emphasized that adaptive capacity is both helped and hindered by institutional, cultural, and economic factors, as well as by available information and past resource management practices. Understanding how interviewees perceive the challenges of drought can shape drought preparedness and response, allowing those designing programs to better align their efforts to the perceptions of their target audience.
This study presents the coupling of the spectral decomposition results for anelastic attenuation, stress drop, and site effects with the Graves‐Pitarka (GP) hybrid ground‐motion simulation methodology, as implemented on the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) broadband platform (BBP). It is targeted to applications in the Upper Rhine graben (URG), which is among the seismically active areas in western Europe, yet a moderate seismicity area. Our development consists of three main steps: (1) calibration of regional high‐frequency (HF) attenuation properties; (2) modification of the hybrid approach to add compressional waves in the HF computation and examine various strategies to evaluate site amplification factors in the Fourier domain (e.g.,
Thermal refuges are thermally distinct riverscape features used by aquatic organisms during unfavorable thermal events, facilitating resilience in marginal environments. However, the thermal refuge concept is nebulous, and the often interchangeable use of the term ‘thermal refugia’ creates additional ambiguity. We argue that lexical differences resulting from divergent scholarly trainings hinder holistic understanding of thermal refuges; thus, existing studies would benefit from a structured framework for thermal refuge conceptualization. Herein, we articulate an ecohydrological typology for defining and characterizing thermal refuges in streams and rivers by identifying key hydrological and thermal characteristics and variations in ecological function described in the literature. We use concepts that are easily definable, measurable, and transferable across disciplines, riverscapes, and species to discriminate among thermal refuge types. Future work can use our typology as a basis for more informed interdisciplinary discussion and interpretation of thermal refuges’ role in riverscapes through more hypothesis‐driven research and conservation‐focused management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.2295","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, C., Vokoun, J., Helton, A.M., Briggs, M.A., and Kurylyk, B., 2021, An ecohydrological typology for thermal refuges in streams and rivers: Ecohydrology, v. 14, no. 5, e2295, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2295.","productDescription":"e2295, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128008","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452699,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2295","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436410,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B3TLNL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Visible-light orthomosaic images collected by drone for two cold-water tributary confluences within the Housatonic River, CT, USA"},{"id":385316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, C. 0000-0001-7214-3789","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7214-3789","contributorId":257609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vokoun, J.","contributorId":257610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vokoun","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helton, A. M.","contributorId":93289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kurylyk, B.","contributorId":222758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurylyk","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24650,"text":"Dalhousie University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70219492,"text":"70219492 - 2021 - Golden Eagle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-12T16:50:28.623015","indexId":"70219492","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-12T11:44:49","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Golden Eagle","docAbstract":"The Golden Eagle inhabits a wide range of latitudes and habitats throughout the Palearctic and into northern Africa, where it is largely resident. In North America, its breeding distribution includes most of Canada and Alaska, as well as the western half of the United States and northern and western Mexico. Most eagles that nest in northern Canada and interior and northern Alaska migrate thousands of kilometers to wintering grounds. Southern eagles tend to be resident year-round, but some make northward, latitudinal, or altitudinal migrations when not on territory. During the non-breeding season, Golden Eagle occurs in Mexico, every U.S. state, and in the southern parts of Canada. It is most common in western North America, especially near open spaces that provide hunting habitat with ample prey, near cliffs or trees that supply nesting sites, and topography that creates updrafts essential for flight. Recent research has shown that the Golden Eagle is more common than once thought in eastern North America as well as in forested areas continent-wide, and that young individuals may summer in large numbers in the vast and productive wetlands of northernmost North America.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Birds of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Birds of the World","doi":"10.2173/bow.goleag.02","usgsCitation":"Katzner, T., Kochert, M.N., Steenhof, K., McIntyre, C.L., Craig, E.H., and Miller, T., 2021, Golden Eagle, chap. of Birds of the world, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.goleag.02.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-117754","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 2.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kochert, Michael N. 0000-0002-4380-3298 mkochert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-3298","contributorId":3037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochert","given":"Michael","email":"mkochert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steenhof, Karen karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","contributorId":30585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"Karen","email":"karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":813989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McIntyre, Carol L.","contributorId":94642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Craig, Erica H.","contributorId":176469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Tricia A.","contributorId":64790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Tricia A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70219491,"text":"ofr20211025 - 2021 - Geophysical and video logs of selected wells at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017-19","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-13T11:57:10.54168","indexId":"ofr20211025","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-12T11:20:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-1025","displayTitle":"Geophysical and Video Logs of Selected Wells at and near the Former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017–19","title":"Geophysical and video logs of selected wells at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017-19","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected borehole geophysical and video logs in 17 open-hole wells in Northampton, Warminster, and Warwick Townships, Bucks County, Pennsylvania during 2017–19 to support detailed groundwater investigations at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) Warminster, where groundwater contamination with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) had become a concern since 2014. The area is underlain by the Triassic Stockton Formation, which forms a fractured-sedimentary-rock aquifer used for private, industrial, and public drinking-water supply. The geophysical and video logs were used to characterize the boreholes and identify potential water-bearing fractures for subsequent detailed investigations. Of the 17 wells that were logged, subsequent investigations were conducted by USGS in 15 wells and included hydraulic tests of discrete water-bearing zones using a straddle-packer system in 13 wells and depth-discrete point sampling in 2 wells. These 15 wells ranged in depth from about 210 to 604 feet (ft) below land surface (bls) and included six new 6-inch diameter wells drilled to initial depths of 600 ft bls on the former NAWC Warminster base property in 2018 and nine 8- to 12-inch diameter existing former production or unused test wells. Partial geophysical or video logs also were collected by USGS during 2018 in two other wells that were not included in subsequent detailed investigations.
Most wells had numerous water-bearing fractures or openings throughout the depth of the open boreholes. Most of these water-bearing features appeared to be openings parallel to bedding or high-angle fractures approximately orthogonal to bedding. Casing lengths ranged from about 19 to 93 ft bls. Depth to the ambient water level at the time of logging ranged from about 1.8 ft above land surface in a flowing well to about 55 ft bls. Measured borehole flow was predominantly downward in most of the deepest wells (greater than 400 ft), which were commonly located at the highest land-surface elevations, and contained inflow from fractures at relatively shallow depths and outflow through fractures near or below depths of 500 ft bls. Borehole flow was predominantly upward in most wells less than 400 ft in depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Navy","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., Anderson, J.A., and Bird, P.H., 2021, Geophysical and video logs of selected wells at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017–19: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1025, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211025.","productDescription":"x, 92 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-118758","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384970,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1025/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":384971,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1025/ofr20211025.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.5 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Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070-2424
Efforts to advance fish health diagnostics have been highlighted in many studies to improve the detection of pathogens in aquaculture facilities and wild fish populations. Typically, the detection of a pathogen has required sacrificing fish; however, many hatcheries have valuable and sometimes irreplaceable broodstocks, and lethal sampling is undesirable. Therefore, the development of non-lethal detection methods is a high priority. The goal of our study was to compare non-lethal sampling methods with standardized lethal kidney tissue sampling that is used to detect Renibacterium salmoninarum infections in salmonids. We collected anal, buccal, and mucus swabs (non-lethal qPCR) and kidney tissue samples (lethal DFAT) from 72 adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) reared at the Colorado Parks and Wildlife Pitkin Brood Unit and tested each sample to assess R. salmoninarum infections. Standard kidney tissue detected R. salmoninarum 1.59 times more often than mucus swabs, compared to 10.43 and 13.16 times more often than buccal or anal swabs, respectively, indicating mucus swabs were the most effective and may be a useful non-lethal method. Our study highlights the potential of non-lethal mucus swabs to sample for R. salmoninarum and suggests future studies are needed to refine this technique for use in aquaculture facilities and wild populations of inland salmonids.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/pathogens10040460","usgsCitation":"Riepe, T., Vincent, V., Milano, V., Fetherman, E., and Winkelman, D.L., 2021, Evidence for the use of mucus swabs to detect Renibacterium salmoninarum in brook trout: Pathogens, v. 10, no. 4, 460, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040460.","productDescription":"460, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127535","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040460","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":397256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riepe, Tawni B.","contributorId":288699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riepe","given":"Tawni B.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vincent, Victoria","contributorId":288701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vincent","given":"Victoria","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36246,"text":"CPW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milano, Vicki","contributorId":288702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milano","given":"Vicki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36246,"text":"CPW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fetherman, Eric R.","contributorId":288704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fetherman","given":"Eric R.","affiliations":[{"id":36246,"text":"CPW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winkelman, Dana L. 0000-0002-5247-0114 danaw@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5247-0114","contributorId":4141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkelman","given":"Dana","email":"danaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70219529,"text":"70219529 - 2021 - The effects of urban land cover dynamics on urban heat Island intensity and temporal trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T18:29:22.544721","indexId":"70219529","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-12T08:25:22","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8118,"text":"GIScience & Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of urban land cover dynamics on urban heat Island intensity and temporal trends","docAbstract":"Assessments of surface urban heat island (UHI) have focused on using remote sensing and land cover data to quantify UHI intensity and spatial distribution within a certain time period by including land cover information. In this study, we implemented a prototype approach to characterize the spatiotemporal variations of UHI using time series of Landsat land surface temperature products and annual land change information. We analyzed UHI distribution and change in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, in the north-central United States and found that the mean UHI intensity in the region was as large as 2.2°C during the period 1986–2017 with an increasing trend of 0.02°C per year within the area with a 5-km non-urban extent. The UHI intensity associated with high intensity urban land cover usually is stronger than with low intensity urban land cover. We evaluated the impact of different non-urban reference extents on UHI variation using different non-urban buffers. The result also suggests that the overall temporal trends of UHI intensity are almost the same when using a 5-km or 10-km non-urban buffer surrounding the urban core. The prototype approach provides a framework to consistently quantify UHI and monitor its change to a large geographic extent.
Methylmercury concentrations vary widely across geographic space and among habitat types, with marine and aquatic-feeding organisms typically exhibiting higher mercury concentrations than terrestrial-feeding organisms. However, there are few model organisms to directly compare mercury concentrations as a result of foraging in marine, estuarine, or terrestrial food webs. The ecological impacts of differential foraging may be especially important for generalist species that exhibit high plasticity in foraging habitats, locations, or diet. Here, we investigate whether foraging habitat, sex, or fidelity to a foraging area impact blood mercury concentrations in western gulls (Larus occidentalis) from three colonies on the US west coast. Cluster analyses showed that nearly 70% of western gulls foraged primarily in ocean or coastal habitats, whereas the remaining gulls foraged in terrestrial and freshwater habitats. Gulls that foraged in ocean or coastal habitats for half or more of their foraging locations had 55% higher mercury concentrations than gulls that forage in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Ocean-foraging gulls also had lower fidelity to a specific foraging area than freshwater and terrestrial-foraging gulls, but fidelity and sex were unrelated to gull blood mercury concentrations in all models. These findings support existing research that has described elevated mercury levels in species using aquatic habitats. Our analyses also demonstrate that gulls can be used to detect differences in contaminant exposure over broad geographic scales and across coarse habitat types, a factor that may influence gull health and persistence of other populations that forage across the land-sea gradient.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130470","usgsCitation":"Clatterbuck, C.A., Lewison, R.L., Orben, R.A., Ackerman, J.T., Torres, L., Suryan, R.M., Warzybok, P., Jahncke, J., and Shaffer, S.A., 2021, Foraging in marine habitats increases mercury concentrations in a generalist seabird: Chemosphere, v. 279, 130470, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130470.","productDescription":"130470, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125235","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452708,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130470","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92PFAXS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Mercury Concentrations in Western Gulls along the West Coast, USA, 2015-2017"},{"id":385751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cleft-in-Rock, Hunters Island, Farallon Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.06835937499997,\n 36.70365959719453\n ],\n [\n -122.69531249999997,\n 36.70365959719453\n ],\n [\n -122.69531249999997,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -125.06835937499997,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -125.06835937499997,\n 36.70365959719453\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"279","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clatterbuck, Corey A. 0000-0003-1351-8565","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-8565","contributorId":202763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clatterbuck","given":"Corey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24620,"text":"San Jose State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewison, Rebecca L.","contributorId":194537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewison","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orben, Rachael A 0000-0002-0802-407X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-407X","contributorId":221851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orben","given":"Rachael","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":202848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Torres, Leigh G 0000-0002-2643-3950","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-3950","contributorId":258229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torres","given":"Leigh G","affiliations":[{"id":52257,"text":"Marine Mammal Institute, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Suryan, Robert M. 0000-0003-0755-8317","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-8317","contributorId":221852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suryan","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40443,"text":"Oregon State University, NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Warzybok, Peter","contributorId":198612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warzybok","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jahncke, Jaime","contributorId":152294,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jahncke","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18899,"text":"Point Blue Conservation Science; GFNMS SAC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shaffer, Scott A. 0000-0002-7751-5059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-5059","contributorId":202761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24620,"text":"San Jose State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70223916,"text":"70223916 - 2021 - Linking climate niches across seasons to assess population vulnerability in a migratory bird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-14T12:10:31.197423","indexId":"70223916","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-12T07:05:24","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking climate niches across seasons to assess population vulnerability in a migratory bird","docAbstract":"Global loss of biodiversity has placed new urgency on the need to understand factors regulating species response to rapid environmental change. While specialists are often less resilient to rapid environmental change than generalists, species-level analyses may obscure the extent of specialization when locally adapted populations vary in climate tolerances. Until recently, quantification of the degree of climate specialization in migratory birds below the species level was hindered by a lack of genomic and tracking information, but recent technological advances have helped to overcome these barriers. Here we take a genome-wide genetic approach to mapping population-specific migratory routes and quantifying niche breadth within genetically distinct populations of a migratory bird, the willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii), which exhibits variation in the severity of population declines across its breeding range. While our sample size is restricted to the number of genetically distinct populations within the species, our results support the idea that locally adapted populations of the willow flycatcher with narrow climatic niches across seasons are already federally listed as endangered or in steep decline, while populations with broader climatic niches have remained stable in recent decades. Overall, this work highlights the value of quantifying niche breadth within genetically distinct groups across time and space when attempting to understand the factors that facilitate or constrain the response of locally adapted populations to rapid environmental change.
Cheney Reservoir, in south-central Kansas, is the primary water supply for the city of Wichita, Kansas. The North Fork Ninnescah River is the largest tributary to Cheney Reservoir and contributes about 70 percent of the inflow. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Wichita, has been continuously monitoring water quality (including water temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity) on the North Fork Ninnescah River upstream from Cheney Reservoir (U.S. Geological Survey site 07144780) since November 1998. Continued data collection would be beneficial to update and describe changing water-quality conditions in the drainage basin and in the reservoir over time.
Regression models were developed to describe relations between discretely measured constituent concentrations and continuously measured physical properties. The models updated in this report include total suspended solids (TSS), suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), nitrate plus nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate (OP), total phosphorus (TP), and total organic carbon (TOC).
Daily computed concentrations for TSS, TP, and nitrate plus nitrite during 1999–2019 were compared with Cheney Reservoir Task Force (CRTF) goals for base-flow and runoff conditions. CRTF goals for base-flow concentrations were exceeded more frequently (70 to 99.9 percent of the time) than runoff goals (0 to 11 percent of the time). Except for 2012, annual mean TSS concentrations exceeded the base-flow goal every year. Nitrate plus nitrite and TP annual mean concentrations exceeded the base-flow goals every year. TSS and nitrate plus nitrite annual mean concentrations during runoff conditions never exceeded the CRTF runoff goal. TP annual mean concentrations during runoff conditions only exceeded the CRTF runoff goal during 2002.
Sedimentation is progressively reducing the storage capacity of Cheney Reservoir. During 1999–2019, 55 percent of the computed suspended-sediment load was transported during the top 1 percent of loading days (76 days); 22 percent of the total load was transported in the top 10 loading days, indicating that substantial parts of suspended-sediment loads continue to be delivered during disproportionately small periods in Cheney Reservoir. Successful sediment management efforts necessitate reduction techniques that account for these large load events.
Flow-normalized concentrations and fluxes were computed during 1999 through 2019 using Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) statistical models and WRTDS bootstrap tests. Flow-normalized concentrations of TSS, SSC, OP, TP, and TOC had upward trend probabilities; conversely, nitrate plus nitrite had a downward trend. Flow-normalized fluxes for OP, TP, and TOC had an upward trend. No discernible patterns were identified for flow-normalized flux of TSS or suspended sediment. Nitrate plus nitrite flow-normalized flux indicated a downward trend.
Flow-normalized concentrations for TSS were less than the CRTF long-term goal of 100 milligrams per liter (mg/L), but the upward trend indicated the long-term goal may be exceeded if no changes are made. Flow-normalized TP concentrations exceeded the CRTF long-term goal (0.1 mg/L) and were assigned a very likely upward trend. Flow-normalized nitrate plus nitrite concentrations exceeded the CRTF long-term goal of 1.2 mg/L during the beginning of the study period, then were less than the CRTF goal for the remainder of the study; however, during 2010–19 flow-normalized concentrations increased by 6 percent.
Linking water-quality changes to causal factors requires consistent monitoring before, during, and after changes; this presents challenges related to length and frequency of data collection and available concomitant land-use and conservation practice data. As such, attribution of water-quality trends to land-use changes or conservation practices was not possible for this study because of a lack of land-use and conservation practice data. Additionally, because precipitation frequency and intensity are projected to continue to increase in the Great Plains region, accounting for extreme episodic events may be an important consideration in future sediment and nutrient load reduction plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215006","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita","usgsCitation":"Kramer, A.R., Klager, B.J., Stone, M.L., and Eslick-Huff, P.J., 2021, Regression relations and long-term water-quality constituent concentrations, loads, yields, and trends in the North Fork Ninnescah River, south-central Kansas, 1999–2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5006, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215006.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 51 p.; Appendixes: 24; Dataset","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-118868","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384937,"rank":3,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","description":"USGS Dataset","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":384935,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5006/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":384936,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5006/sir20215006.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.80 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5006"},{"id":384938,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5006/downloads/","text":"Appendixes 1–24","description":"SIR 2021–5006 Appendixes 1–24"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Ninnescah River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.7176513671875,\n 37.60987994374712\n ],\n [\n -97.3663330078125,\n 37.60987994374712\n ],\n [\n -97.3663330078125,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -98.7176513671875,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -98.7176513671875,\n 37.60987994374712\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
Climate warming in high-latitude regions is thawing carbon-rich permafrost soils, which can release carbon to the atmosphere and enhance climate warming. Using a coupled model of long-term peatland dynamics (Holocene Peat Model, HPM-Arctic), we quantify the potential loss of carbon with future climate warming for six sites with differing climates and permafrost histories in Northwestern Canada. We compared the net carbon balance at 2100 CE resulting from new productivity and the decomposition of active layer and newly thawed permafrost peats under RCP8.5 as a high-end constraint. Modeled net carbon losses ranged from −3.0 kg C m−2 (net loss) to +0.1 kg C m−2 (net gain) between 2015 and 2100. Losses of newly thawed permafrost peat comprised 0.2%–25% (median: 1.6%) of “old” C loss, which were related to the residence time of peat in the active layer before being incorporated into the permafrost, peat temperature, and presence of permafrost. The largest C loss was from the permafrost-free site, not from permafrost sites. C losses were greatest from depths of 0.2–1.0 m. New C added to the profile through net primary productivity between 2015 and 2100 offset ∼40% to >100% of old C losses across the sites. Differences between modeled active layer deepening and flooding following permafrost thaw resulted in very small differences in net C loss by 2100, illustrating the important role of present-day conditions and permafrost aggradation history in controlling net C loss.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JG005872","usgsCitation":"Treat, C.C., Jones, M.C., Alder, J.R., Sannel, A.B., Camill, P., and Frolking, S., 2021, Predicted vulnerability of carbon in permafrost peatlands With future climate change and permafrost thaw in western Canada: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 126, e2020JG005872, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005872.","productDescription":"e2020JG005872, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119562","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-8178","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"western Canada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -133.06640625,\n 51.67255514839674\n ],\n [\n -86.66015624999999,\n 51.67255514839674\n ],\n [\n -86.66015624999999,\n 70.19999407534661\n ],\n [\n -133.06640625,\n 70.19999407534661\n ],\n [\n -133.06640625,\n 51.67255514839674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Treat, Claire C.","contributorId":150798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treat","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":257239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alder, Jay R. 0000-0003-2378-2853 jalder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2378-2853","contributorId":5118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alder","given":"Jay","email":"jalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sannel, A. Britta K. 0000-0002-1350-6516","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-6516","contributorId":223672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sannel","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Britta K.","affiliations":[{"id":24562,"text":"Stockholm University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Camill, Philip","contributorId":176994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camill","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frolking, Steve","contributorId":7638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frolking","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70219167,"text":"70219167 - 2021 - Delineation of the freshwater-saltwater interface on southwestern Long Island, New York, through use of surface and borehole geophysical methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T12:12:34.357644","indexId":"70219167","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-10T11:01:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Delineation of the freshwater-saltwater interface on southwestern Long Island, New York, through use of surface and borehole geophysical methods","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey used surface and borehole geophysical methods to delineate the freshwater-saltwater interface in coastal plain aquifers along the southwestern part of Long Island, New York. Over pumping of groundwater in the early 20th century combined with freshwater-saltwater interfaces at the coastline created saltwater intrusion in the upper glacial, Jameco, Magothy, and Lloyd aquifers. Our research indicates extensive saltwater intrusion of the Lloyd aquifer along the southwestern coast of Long Island, N.Y. Several public-supply wells in the southern parts of Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties have been adversely affected by saltwater intrusion causing several supply wells to be shut down and abandoned.
In 2015–17, the U.S. Geological Survey collected time domain electromagnetic soundings at 12 locations and borehole electromagnetic induction conductivity logs at 9 outpost wells within the study area to delineate several saltwater intrusion wedges. Three separate wedges , (shallow, intermediate, and deep), of saltwater intrusion were delineated in the upper glacial, Jameco, and Magothy aquifer complex. In addition, reanalysis of geophysical logs collected in an open borehole of a test well in southern Queens County in 1989 revealed the Lloyd aquifer was nearly completely intruded by saltwater with an estimated chloride concentration of 15,000 milligrams per liter. This suggests the freshwater-saltwater interface was at the coastline and not miles offshore as theorized by previous studies.
","conferenceTitle":"28th Conference on Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York","conferenceDate":"April 10, 2021","language":"English","publisher":"Long Island Geologists","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., Como, M.D., and Zuck, M.A., 2021, Delineation of the freshwater-saltwater interface on southwestern Long Island, New York, through use of surface and borehole geophysical methods, 28th Conference on Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York, April 10, 2021, 20 p.","productDescription":"20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127719","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pbisotopes.ess.sunysb.edu/lig/Conferences/abstracts21/Program%202021.htm"},{"id":385129,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.92013549804688,\n 40.78470081841747\n ],\n [\n -73.9764404296875,\n 40.71603763556807\n ],\n [\n -74.01901245117188,\n 40.686886382151116\n ],\n [\n -74.04373168945312,\n 40.62020704520565\n ],\n [\n -73.99566650390625,\n 40.56806745430726\n ],\n [\n -73.927001953125,\n 40.53676418550201\n ],\n [\n -73.50128173828125,\n 40.57745558120849\n ],\n [\n -73.40789794921875,\n 40.612909950230936\n ],\n [\n -73.63723754882812,\n 40.79925662005228\n ],\n [\n -73.92013549804688,\n 40.78470081841747\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Como, Michael D. 0000-0002-7911-5390 mcomo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7911-5390","contributorId":4651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Como","given":"Michael","email":"mcomo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zuck, Marie A. 0000-0003-2809-4734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2809-4734","contributorId":239734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuck","given":"Marie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70219160,"text":"70219160 - 2021 - Acoustic tag retention and tagging mortality of juvenile cisco Coregonus artedi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T18:41:43.685954","indexId":"70219160","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-10T09:20:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Acoustic tag retention and tagging mortality of juvenile cisco Coregonus artedi","title":"Acoustic tag retention and tagging mortality of juvenile cisco Coregonus artedi","docAbstract":"Release of hatchery-reared juvenile cisco (Coregonus artedi) is an important tool for recovering Great Lakes populations, but post-release survival is unknown. Telemetry using small acoustic tags provides opportunities to assess the efficacy of hatchery-reared fish releases. However, better understanding of the tolerance of juvenile cisco to acoustic tags is needed. Juvenile cisco mortality and tag retention as a function of tag size:body size (Relative Tag Weight, RTW) was observed for 30 d post tag implantation in the laboratory. Tag loss and mortality increased with RTW. A single mortality occurred for RTW ≤ 3% and tag retention and survival was <50% for RTW > 7.0%. Logistic regression predicted >95% survival and tag retention to 30 d for RTW < 2.5%, with full survival of study fish for RTW of ≤2%. Sedation and surgery times did not affect survival of tagged fish, but results of anesthesia-only and sham surgeries highlight the need to minimize handling effects for effective acoustic telemetry studies. Our findings clarify thresholds of RTW and indicate that juvenile cisco can receive acoustic tag implants. Observing these limitations can improve the effectiveness of acoustic telemetry to assess success of cultured juvenile fish releases for conservation or restoration of native forage fish populations. Evaluation of the effects of acoustic tags over longer time periods and under environmental conditions, like those at release sites, are needed to further validate this technology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.020","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J.E., Sethi, S., Scholten, G.M., Kraus, J.W., and Chalupnicki, M., 2021, Acoustic tag retention and tagging mortality of juvenile cisco Coregonus artedi: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. 3, p. 937-942, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.020.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"937","endPage":"942","ipdsId":"IP-112087","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436413,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9EYBLIT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Survival and ancillary data associated with Cisco acoustic tagging experiment conducted in 2018 and 2019"},{"id":385064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":195894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholten, Grant Marvin 0000-0003-2290-1136","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-1136","contributorId":256697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholten","given":"Grant","email":"","middleInitial":"Marvin","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraus, Jeremy W. 0000-0003-1498-5771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1498-5771","contributorId":256698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chalupnicki, Marc 0000-0002-3792-9345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-9345","contributorId":242991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalupnicki","given":"Marc","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70229985,"text":"70229985 - 2021 - Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-22T14:28:15.083341","indexId":"70229985","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-10T08:58:54","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"High latitude, boreal watersheds are nitrogen (N)-limited ecosystems that export large amounts of organic carbon (C). Key controls on C cycling in these environments are the biogeochemical processes affecting the N cycle. A study was conducted in Nome Creek, an upland headwater tributary of the Yukon River, and two first-order tributaries to Nome Creek, to examine the relation between seasonal and transport-associated changes in C and N pools and N-cycling processes across varying hydrologic gradients using laboratory bioassays of water and sediment samples and in-stream tracer tests. DON exceeded dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in Nome Creek except late in the summer season, with little variation in organic C:N ratios with time or transport distance. DIN was dominant in the 1st order tributaries. Rates of organic N mineralization and denitrification in laboratory incubations were related to sediment organic C content, while nitrification rates differed greatly between two 1st order tributaries with similar drainages. Additions of DIN or urea did not stimulate microbial activity. In-stream tracer tests with nitrate and urea indicated that uptake rates were slow relative to transport rates; simulated rates of uptake in stream storage zones were higher than rates assessed in the laboratory bioassays. In general, N-cycle processes were more active and had a greater overall impact in the 1st order tributaries and were minimized in Nome Creek, the larger, higher velocity, transport-dominated stream. Understanding key controls on N-cycling processes in these watersheds has important implications for DIN speciation and down-stream impacts of potential increased N loads in response to climate warming.","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142906","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., Repert, D.A., and Koch, J.C., 2021, Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in interior Alaska: Science of the Total Environment, v. 764, 142906, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142906.","productDescription":"142906, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-098998","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452718,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142906","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K61317","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in Interior Alaska, 2008 to 2011"},{"id":397395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"East Twin Creek, Nome Creek, West Twin Creek, White Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147.14040756225586,\n 65.35946624333435\n ],\n [\n -147.03432083129883,\n 65.35946624333435\n ],\n [\n -147.03432083129883,\n 65.39429760005945\n ],\n [\n -147.14040756225586,\n 65.39429760005945\n ],\n [\n -147.14040756225586,\n 65.35946624333435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"764","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Repert, Deborah A. 0000-0001-7284-1456 darepert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-1456","contributorId":2578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repert","given":"Deborah","email":"darepert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70219588,"text":"70219588 - 2021 - Regional target loads of atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition for the protection of stream and watershed soil resources of the Adirondack Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T18:02:33.699935","indexId":"70219588","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-10T07:42:17","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional target loads of atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition for the protection of stream and watershed soil resources of the Adirondack Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"Acidic deposition contributes to a range of environmental impacts across forested landscapes, including acidification of soil and drainage water, toxic aluminum mobilization, depletion of available soil nutrient cations, and impacts to forest and aquatic species health and biodiversity. In response to decreasing levels of acidic deposition, soils and drainage waters in some regions of North America have become gradually less acidic. Thresholds of atmospheric deposition at which adverse ecological effects are manifested are called critical loads (CLs) and/or target loads (TLs). Target loads are developed based on approaches that account for spatial and temporal aspects of acidification and recovery. Exceedance represents the extent to which current or projected future levels of acidic deposition exceed the level expected to cause ecological harm. We report TLs of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition and the potential for ecosystem recovery of watershed soils and streams in the Adirondack region of New York State, resources that have been less thoroughly investigated than lakes. Regional TLs were calculated by statistical extrapolation of hindcast and forecast simulations of 25 watersheds using the process-based model PnET-BGC coupled with empirical observations of stream hydrology and established sensitivity of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) to soil base saturation and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to stream acid neutralizing capacity (ANC). Historical impacts and the expected recovery timeline of regional soil and stream chemistry and fish community condition within the Adirondack Park were evaluated. Analysis suggests that many low-order Adirondack streams and associated watershed soils have low TLs (<40 meq/m2/yr of N+S deposition) to achieve specified benchmarks for recovery of soil base saturation or stream ANC. Acid-sensitive headwater and low-order streams and watershed soils in the region are expected to experience continued adverse effects from N and S deposition well into the future even under aggressive emissions reductions. Watershed soils and streams in the western Adirondack Park are particularly vulnerable to acidic deposition and currently in exceedance of TLs. The methods used for linking statistical and process-based models to consider chemical and biological response under varying flow conditions at the regional scale in this study can be applied to other areas of concern.