{"pageNumber":"494","pageRowStart":"12325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68899,"records":[{"id":70173907,"text":"70173907 - 2015 - An empirical evaluation of landscape energetic models: Mallard and American black duck space use during the non-breeding period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T11:16:51","indexId":"70173907","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical evaluation of landscape energetic models: Mallard and American black duck space use during the non-breeding period","docAbstract":"

Bird conservation Joint Ventures are collaborative partnerships between public agencies and private organizations that facilitate habitat management to support waterfowl and other bird populations. A subset of Joint Ventures has developed energetic carrying capacity models (ECCs) to translate regional waterfowl population goals into habitat objectives during the non-breeding period. Energetic carrying capacity models consider food biomass, metabolism, and available habitat to estimate waterfowl carrying capacity within an area. To evaluate Joint Venture ECCs in the context of waterfowl space use, we monitored 33 female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and 55 female American black ducks (A. rubripes) using global positioning system satellite telemetry in the central and eastern United States. To quantify space use, we measured first-passage time (FPT: time required for an individual to transit across a circle of a given radius) at biologically relevant spatial scales for mallards (3.46 km) and American black ducks (2.30 km) during the non-breeding period, which included autumn migration, winter, and spring migration. We developed a series of models to predict FPT using Joint Venture ECCs and compared them to a biological null model that quantified habitat composition and a statistical null model, which included intercept and random terms. Energetic carrying capacity models predicted mallard space use more efficiently during autumn and spring migrations, but the statistical null was the top model for winter. For American black ducks, ECCs did not improve predictions of space use; the biological null was top ranked for winter and the statistical null was top ranked for spring migration. Thus, ECCs provided limited insight into predicting waterfowl space use during the non-breeding season. Refined estimates of spatial and temporal variation in food abundance, habitat conditions, and anthropogenic disturbance will likely improve ECCs and benefit conservation planners in linking non-breeding waterfowl habitat objectives with distribution and population parameters. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

","language":"English","publisher":"Washington Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.920","usgsCitation":"Beatty, W.S., Webb, E.B., Kesler, D.C., Naylor, L.W., Raedeke, A.H., Humburg, D.D., Coluccy, J.M., and Soulliere, G., 2015, An empirical evaluation of landscape energetic models: Mallard and American black duck space use during the non-breeding period: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 7, p. 1141-1151, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.920.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1141","endPage":"1151","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058474","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Arkansas, Delaware, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Saskatchewan, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.251953125,\n 31.914867503276223\n ],\n [\n -94.39453125,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -107.0068359375,\n 49.95121990866206\n ],\n [\n -84.55078125,\n 44.653024159812\n ],\n [\n -80.9912109375,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -74.091796875,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -75.5419921875,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -77.95898437499999,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -93.251953125,\n 31.914867503276223\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c2de4b07657d19a69c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":146301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beatty","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kesler, Dylan C.","contributorId":14358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kesler","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6769,"text":"University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naylor, Luke W.","contributorId":145840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naylor","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raedeke, Andrew H.","contributorId":94083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Humburg, Dale D.","contributorId":79357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Humburg","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13073,"text":"Ducks Unlimited, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Coluccy, John M.","contributorId":111382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coluccy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Soulliere, G.","contributorId":31107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulliere","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70150300,"text":"fs20153046 - 2015 - EROS resources for the classroom","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T10:02:03","indexId":"fs20153046","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-24T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3046","title":"EROS resources for the classroom","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center has several educational resources that demonstrate how satellite imagery is used to understand our changing world.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153046","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2015, EROS resources for the classroom: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3046, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153046.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066015","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302315,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3046/pdf/fs2015-3046.pdf","text":"Report","size":"831 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":302316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153046.jpg"},{"id":302314,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3046/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558bc6b0e4b0b6d21dd6528e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":556681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70150299,"text":"ofr20151076 - 2015 - Oil-particle interactions and submergence from crude oil spills in marine and freshwater environments: review of the science and future research needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-24T12:45:52","indexId":"ofr20151076","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-24T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1076","title":"Oil-particle interactions and submergence from crude oil spills in marine and freshwater environments: review of the science and future research needs","docAbstract":"

Oil-particle interactions and oil submergence are of much interest to oil spill responders and scientists, especially as transportation of light and heavy crude oils increases in North America’s coastal marine and freshwater environments. This report contains an up-to-date review of the state of the science for oil-particle aggregates (OPAs), in terms of their formation and stability which may alter the transport, fate, and toxicity of the residual oil and, hence, its level of ecological risk. Operational considerations—detection, containment, and recovery—are discussed.

\n

Although much is known about oil-particle interactions in coastal marine environments, there remains a need for additional science on methods to detect and quantify the presence of OPAs and to understand their effects on containment and recovery of oil spilled under various temperature regimes and in different aquatic habitats including freshwater environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151076","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick, F., Boufadel, M.C., Johnson, R., Lee, K.W., Graan, T.P., Bejarano, A.C., Zhu, Z., Waterman, D., Capone, D.M., Hayter, E., Hamilton, S.K., Dekker, T., Garcia, M., and Hassan, J.S., 2015, Oil-particle interactions and submergence from crude oil spills in marine and freshwater environments: review of the science and future research needs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1076, v, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151076.","productDescription":"v, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059436","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151076.jpg"},{"id":302288,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1076/pdf/ofr2015-1076.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.49 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":302287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1076/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558bc6b2e4b0b6d21dd65298","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. 0000-0002-9748-7075 fafitzpa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":127794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith A.","email":"fafitzpa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":556667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boufadel, Michael C.","contributorId":143663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boufadel","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15288,"text":"Center for Natural Resources Development and Protection, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, the New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark NJ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Rex","contributorId":104374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Rex","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Kenneth W.","contributorId":16099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Graan, Thomas P.","contributorId":97021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graan","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bejarano, Adriana C.","contributorId":143667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bejarano","given":"Adriana","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15292,"text":"Research Planning, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhu, Zhenduo","contributorId":83828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhenduo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Waterman, David","contributorId":143664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waterman","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Capone, Daniel M.","contributorId":64167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capone","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hayter, Earl","contributorId":143665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayter","given":"Earl","affiliations":[{"id":15290,"text":"USACE, Coastal and Hydraulic Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hamilton, Stephen K.","contributorId":143690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Dekker, Timothy","contributorId":143666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dekker","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":15291,"text":"Limno Tech, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Garcia, Marcelo H.","contributorId":74236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Marcelo H.","affiliations":[{"id":33106,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hassan, Jacob S.","contributorId":143668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hassan","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":15293,"text":"USEPA Region V","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70150465,"text":"70150465 - 2015 - Linking dynamic habitat selection with wading bird foraging distributions across resource gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T09:48:07","indexId":"70150465","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-24T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking dynamic habitat selection with wading bird foraging distributions across resource gradients","docAbstract":"

Species distribution models (SDM) link species occurrence with a suite of environmental predictors and provide an estimate of habitat quality when the variable set captures the biological requirements of the species. SDMs are inherently more complex when they include components of a species' ecology such as conspecific attraction and behavioral flexibility to exploit resources that vary across time and space. Wading birds are highly mobile, demonstrate flexible habitat selection, and respond quickly to changes in habitat quality; thus serving as important indicator species for wetland systems. We developed a spatio-temporal, multi-SDM framework using Great Egret (Ardea alba), White Ibis (Eudocimus albus), and Wood Stork (Mycteria Americana) distributions over a decadal gradient of environmental conditions to predict species-specific abundance across space and locations used on the landscape over time. In models of temporal dynamics, species demonstrated conditional preferences for resources based on resource levels linked to differing temporal scales. Wading bird abundance was highest when prey production from optimal periods of inundation was concentrated in shallow depths. Similar responses were observed in models predicting locations used over time, accounting for spatial autocorrelation. Species clustered in response to differing habitat conditions, indicating that social attraction can co-vary with foraging strategy, water-level changes, and habitat quality. This modeling framework can be applied to evaluate the multi-annual resource pulses occurring in real-time, climate change scenarios, or restorative hydrological regimes by tracking changing seasonal and annual distribution and abundance of high quality foraging patches.

","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0128182","usgsCitation":"Beerens, J.M., Noonberg, E.G., and Gawlik, D.E., 2015, Linking dynamic habitat selection with wading bird foraging distributions across resource gradients: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128182.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060476","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128182","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":302361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e77b8e4b0b6d21dd65963","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beerens, James M. 0000-0001-8143-916X jbeerens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-916X","contributorId":143722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beerens","given":"James","email":"jbeerens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noonberg, Erik G.","contributorId":143723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noonberg","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gawlik, Dale E.","contributorId":88055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gawlik","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148503,"text":"sir20155082 - 2015 - Assessment of statewide annual streamflow in New Mexico, 1985-2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-24T09:28:08","indexId":"sir20155082","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-24T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5082","title":"Assessment of statewide annual streamflow in New Mexico, 1985-2013","docAbstract":"

In 2014, the New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute began a statewide assessment of the water resources of New Mexico. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute, addressed the streamflow component of the assessment by examining streamgage data for major river basins and streams in New Mexico for the study period over water years 1985–2013 (all references to years in this report are to water years).

\n

Overall, the total annual inflow to and outflow from New Mexico generally decreased over the study period. The highest annual flows for the Rio Grande occurred in 1985–87, and except at the Rio Grande below Elephant Butte Dam, N. Mex. (08361000), and Rio Grande at El Paso, Texas (08364000), streamgages, the lowest flows occurred in 2002–03. Reaches from the Colorado-New Mexico State line southward to Los Alamos, N. Mex. (reaches RG–1 through RG–4), were all gaining reaches. Based on mean annual streamflow during the study period, reaches from Los Alamos (reach RG–5) southward to El Paso (reach RG–9) were all losing reaches except for the Socorro, N. Mex., reach (reach RG–7). From 1985 to 1995, annual flows in the Red River generally were above the mean annual streamflow, but after 1995, annual flows were more frequently below the mean annual streamflow. The Rio Hondo, Rio Pueblo de Taos, and Jemez River followed similar annual trends as the Red River, but to a lesser extent, over the study period.

\n

Over the study period, annual flows in the Rio Chama generally increased downstream, and after 1995, the frequency of above average annual flows decreased, and below average flows became more frequent. The Rio Chama reaches were gaining in most of the years from 1985 to 2013. The Rio Puerco annual flows, at both of the streamgages on this stream, generally decreased after 2000. Reach RP–1 was a gaining reach for 24 years of the study period.

\n

In general, Pecos River annual flows decreased substantially from the mean annual streamflow after 2000. The greatest gain on the Pecos River was estimated for the reach below Lake Sumner (reach PEC–5), which had gains in all 29 years of the study, whereas the reach from Lake Avalon southward to Red Bluff Reservoir (reach PEC–9) had losses in all 29 years. The highest flows at all streamgages on the Rio Hondo occurred in 1987; high flows there have generally decreased since 1992. Reaches from Ruidoso to below Two Rivers Reservoir, reaches RH–1 and RH–2, were losing reaches for 16 years and 28 years, respectively, over the study period.

\n

The San Juan River for the study period had some of the highest flows of any river in New Mexico, and flow on the river generally increased in the downstream direction. Annual flows at the Animas River streamgages were highly variable but after 1993, generally, tended to decrease. The extended periods of high flows on the Animas River seemed to end in 2000. Over the study period, the reach from the New Mexico border southward to Farmington, N. Mex. (reach ANI–1), generally was a losing reach except for 1987 and 1997. Annual flows at the La Plata River near Farmington, N. Mex. (09367500), streamgage generally were less than the annual inflow to the State at the La Plata River at Colorado–New Mexico State line (09366500) streamgage. Over the study period, the reach from the New Mexico border southward to Farmington (reach PLA–1) generally was a losing reach except for 1986, 1987, and 1993.

\n

Prior to 1999, annual flows at Canadian River streamgages varied above and below average, but after 1999, annual flows generally were below average. The Canadian River reaches, below the confluence of the Cimarron River (reach CAN–1) and the Canadian River to Ute Reservoir (reach CAN–2), display that the upstream reach (reach CAN–1) was a gaining reach for all 29 water years but that the downstream reach (reach CAN–2) was a losing reach for all years except 2003. Annual flows for the Cimarron River varied above and below average until 1999 and then generally were below average through 2013. The Cimarron River reach, below Eagle Nest Lake to about halfway to the confluence with the Canadian River (reach CIM–1), generally was a gaining reach except for 1996, 2002, 2011, and 2013.

\n

Gila River annual flows varied above and below average until 2005 and thereafter generally were below average. Over the study period, the reach from the Gila River near Gila, N. Mex. (09430500), streamgage to the Gila River below Blue Creek, near Virden, N. Mex. (09432000), streamgage (reach GIL–1) was a gaining reach for all years except 1990 and 2013, while the reach from the Gila River below Blue Creek, near Virden, N. Mex. (09432000), streamgage to the Gila River near Clifton, Ariz. (09442000), streamgage (reach GIL–2) was a losing reach for all years with data except 1999.

\n

The San Francisco River annual flows were relatively high compared to other years in the study in 1985, 1991–93, 1995, and 2005 but were near or below average for the rest of the years of the study. Both reaches on the San Francisco River were gaining reaches for all 29 years of the study.

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2015 - Hydrogeochemical exploration: a reconnaissance study on northeastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70147999,"text":"pp1814A - 2015 - Hydrogeochemical exploration: a reconnaissance study on northeastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","indexId":"pp1814A","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","displayTitle":"Hydrogeochemical Exploration: A Reconnaissance Study on Northeastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","title":"Hydrogeochemical exploration: a reconnaissance study on northeastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70158938,"text":"pp1814 - 2015 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","indexId":"pp1814","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70158938,"text":"pp1814 - 2015 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","indexId":"pp1814","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-10T15:02:55","indexId":"pp1814A","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-24T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1814","chapter":"A","displayTitle":"Hydrogeochemical Exploration: A Reconnaissance Study on Northeastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","title":"Hydrogeochemical exploration: a reconnaissance study on northeastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"

A reconnaissance hydrogeochemical study employing high-resolution/high-sensitivity inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of stream and seep water samples (n= 171) was conducted in an area of limited bedrock exposure on the northeastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Sampling was focused in drainages around four main areas—at the Anugi Pb-Zn-Ag occurrence and in streams upstream of historically and currently mined placer gold deposits in the Candle Creek, Utica, and Monument Mountain areas. The objective of the study was to determine whether distribution of elevated metal concentrations in water samples could “see” through sediment cover and provide evidence of bedrock sources for base metals and gold. Some observations include (1) elevated Ag, As, Pb, and Zn concentrations relative to the study area as a whole in stream and seep samples from over and downstream of part of the Anugi Pb-Zn-Ag prospect; (2) abrupt downstream increases in Tl and Sb ± Au concentrations coincident with the upstream termination of productive placer deposits in the Inmachuk and Old Glory Creek drainages near Utica; (3) high K, Mo, Sb, and F throughout much of the Inmachuk River drainage near Utica; and (4) elevated As ± base metals and Au at two sites along Patterson Creek near the town of Candle and three additional contiguous sites identified when an 85th percentile cut-off was employed. Molybdenum ± gold concentrations (>90th percentile) were also measured in samples from three sites on Glacier Creek near Monument Mountain. The hydrogeochemistry in some areas is consistent with limited stream-sediment data from the region, including high Pb-Zn-Ag-As concentrations associated with Anugi, as well as historical reports of arsenopyrite-bearing veins upstream of placer operations in Patterson Creek. Chemistry of samples in the Inmachuk River-Old Glory Creek area also suggest more laterally extensive stibnite- (and gold-?) bearing veining than is currently known in the Old Glory Creek drainage. Our results indicate that hydrogeochemistry can be a useful method of geochemical exploration and offer targets for follow-up rock, soil, and subsurface sampling to ascertain the presence of mineralized bedrock.

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Alaska Science Center staff
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4210 University Dr.
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Throughout its history, the United States has made major investments in assessing natural resources, such as soils, timber, oil and gas, and water. These investments allow policy makers, the private sector and the American public to make informed decisions about cultivating, harvesting or conserving these resources to maximize their value for public welfare, environmental conservation and the economy. As policy issues evolve, new priorities and challenges arise for natural resource assessment, and new approaches to monitoring are needed. For example, informed conservation and use of the nation’s finite fresh water resources in the context of increasingly intensive land development is a priority for today’s policy decisionmakers. There is a need to evaluate whether today’s water monitoring programs are generating the information needed to answer questions surrounding these new policy priorities.

The Northeast-Midwest Institute (NEMWI), in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, initiated this project to explore the types and amounts of water data needed to address water-quality related policy questions of critical concern to today’s policy makers. The collaborating entities identified two urgent water policy questions and conducted case studies in the Northeast-Midwest region to determine the water data needed, water data available, and the best ways to fill the data gaps relative to those questions. This report details the output from one case study and focuses on the Lake Erie drainage basin, a data-rich area expected to be a best-case scenario in terms of water data availability.

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This Addendum describes new, expanded, and planned water monitoring sites in the Lake Erie drainage basin that were initiated subsequent to the preparation of Betanzo et al. (2015), the primary report with which this Addendum is associated. In addition to the new water monitoring sites, new programs have been initiated that focus on expansion of agricultural management practices to reduce nutrient transport to Lake Erie and facilitate data sharing between researchers involved with agricultural management and water-quality monitoring. This Addendum evaluates the applicability of these new monitoring sites and programs for answering the case-study policy question explored in Betanzo et al. (2015), “How effective are agricultural management practices at reducing nutrients from nonpoint sources at the watershed scale in the Lake Erie drainage basin?” The water monitoring data needs for answering the case-study policy question identified in Table 18 of Betanzo et al. (2015) were used to identify relevant monitoring sites in this Addendum, specifically focusing on total phosphorus (TP), dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP)1 , and streamflow data (the complete list of parameters needed appears in Table 3 of Betanzo et al. (2015)). The new information summarized in this Addendum consists of water monitoring and agricultural management activities conducted by agencies and organizations whose data were compiled in the nutrient data set described in Betanzo et al. (2015), and programs identified in public news releases. Although this information is considered to be comprehensive and complete as of February 2015, there may be other new or planned water monitoring programs, of which we are not aware, that are not included here.

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Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159662,"text":"70159662 - 2015 - Methane oxidation and molecular characterization of methanotrophs from a former mercury mine impoundment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T10:53:37","indexId":"70159662","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5020,"text":"Microorganisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane oxidation and molecular characterization of methanotrophs from a former mercury mine impoundment","docAbstract":"

The Herman Pit, once a mercury mine, is an impoundment located in an active geothermal area. Its acidic waters are permeated by hundreds of gas seeps. One seep was sampled and found to be composed of mostly CO2 with some CH4 present. The δ13CH4 value suggested a complex origin for the methane: i.e., a thermogenic component plus a biological methanogenic portion. The relatively 12C-enriched CO2 suggested a reworking of the ebullitive methane by methanotrophic bacteria. Therefore, we tested bottom sediments for their ability to consume methane by conducting aerobic incubations of slurried materials. Methane was removed from the headspace of live slurries, and subsequent additions of methane resulted in faster removal rates. This activity could be transferred to an artificial, acidic medium, indicating the presence of acidophilic or acid-tolerant methanotrophs, the latter reinforced by the observation of maximum activity at pH = 4.5 with incubated slurries. A successful extraction of sterol and hopanoid lipids characteristic of methanotrophs was achieved, and their abundances greatly increased with increased sediment methane consumption. DNA extracted from methane-oxidizing enrichment cultures was amplified and sequenced for pmoA genes that aligned with methanotrophic members of the Gammaproteobacteria. An enrichment culture was established that grew in an acidic (pH 4.5) medium via methane oxidation.

","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI AG","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms3020290","usgsCitation":"Baesman, S., Miller, L., Wei, J.H., Cho, Y., Matys, E.D., Summons, R.E., Welander, P.V., and Oremland, R.S., 2015, Methane oxidation and molecular characterization of methanotrophs from a former mercury mine impoundment: Microorganisms, v. 3, no. 2, p. 290-309, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms3020290.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"309","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065275","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms3020290","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Herman Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.69239425659178,\n 39.01958379846303\n ],\n [\n -122.6912784576416,\n 38.99717425427704\n ],\n [\n -122.6353168487549,\n 38.9943058537613\n ],\n [\n -122.63608932495117,\n 39.01991722020987\n ],\n [\n -122.63583183288573,\n 39.025118395874074\n ],\n [\n -122.69265174865723,\n 39.02385147807989\n ],\n [\n -122.69239425659178,\n 39.01958379846303\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f37e4b07657d19c78d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baesman, Shaun 0000-0003-0741-8269 sbaesman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-8269","contributorId":3478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baesman","given":"Shaun","email":"sbaesman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - 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Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70143536,"text":"sir20155043 - 2015 - Hydraulic, geomorphic, and trout habitat conditions of the Lake Fork of the Gunnison River in Hinsdale County, Lake City, Colorado, Water Years 2010-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T16:42:39","indexId":"sir20155043","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-22T17:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5043","title":"Hydraulic, geomorphic, and trout habitat conditions of the Lake Fork of the Gunnison River in Hinsdale County, Lake City, Colorado, Water Years 2010-2011","docAbstract":"

Channel rehabilitation, or reconfiguration, to mitigate a variety of riverine problems has become a common practice in the western United States. However, additional work to monitor and assess the channel response to, and the effectiveness of, these modifications over longer periods of time (decadal or longer) is still needed. The Lake Fork of the Gunnison River has been an area of active channel modification to accommodate the needs of the Lake City community since the 1950s. The Lake Fork Valley Conservancy District began a planning process to assess restoration options for a reach of the Lake Fork in Lake City to enhance hydraulic and ecologic characteristics of the reach. Geomorphic channel form is affected by land-use changes within the basin and geologic controls within the reach. The historic channel was defined as a dynamic, braided channel with an active flood plain. This can result in a natural tendency for the channel to braid. A braided channel can affect channel stability of reconfigured reaches when a single-thread meandering channel is imposed on the stream. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board and Colorado River Water Conservation District, began a study in 2010 to quantify existing hydraulic and habitat conditions for a reach of the Lake Fork of the Gunnison River in Lake City, Colorado. The purpose of this report is to quantify existing Lake Fork hydraulic and habitat conditions and establish a baseline against which post-reconfiguration conditions can be compared. This report (1) quantifies the existing hydraulic and geomorphic conditions in a 1.1-kilometer section of the Lake Fork at Lake City that has been proposed as a location for future channel-rehabilitation efforts, (2) characterizes the habitat suitability of the reach for two trout species based on physical conditions within the stream, and (3) characterizes the current riparian canopy density.

\n

The FaSTMECH computational flow-model within MD_SWMS was selected to characterize the effects of streamflow on hydraulic and habitat-suitability conditions for a study reach of the Lake Fork. Habitat suitability was evaluated for cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarkii) and brown trout (Salmo trutta morpha fario) fry, juveniles, and adults. Microscale (point locations) and mesoscale (reach features) habitats were assessed using the combination of field observations, measurements, and hydraulic simulations within the study reach of the Lake Fork. Microscale trout habitat, presented as weighted usable area, generally increased as streamflow increased for both trout species and all life stages. Areas of suitable microscale habitat occur along the banks for flows of 900 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) and less. Out-of-bank areas became more substantial contributors to overall habitat availability for flows of 1,300 ft3/s or more when compared to other features. Adult habitat, for both trout species, was the most abundant habitat type for nearly all streamflows. In general, the upper reach provided 2–3 times more available habitat than the lower reach for both trout species.

\n

Mesoscale trout habitat of the Lake Fork was assessed based on the conditions present in the 150 ft3/s flow simulation as well as field observation. Both the upper and lower reach is primarily characterized as riffle/run habitat. The presence of pool habitat was limited throughout both reaches and occurred along the channel margins. For both reaches, the pool habitat was less than 5 percent of the total wetted area, a percentage that is substantially lower than the recommendations for sustainable populations of 40–70 percent. Areas of cover were adjacent to potential drift feeding areas in the lower reach, and often occurred within the same pool habitat. This may favor energy expenditure ratios of both fish species, wherein little energy is needed to acquire adequate food sources.

\n

Sediment mobility is an important process for flushing fine sediments from within the gravel frameworks. Evaluations of channel and flow characteristics at cross-section locations 2–8 show a range of streambed mobility. In general, boundary shear stress and streambed mobility increase with increases in streamflow. Within the cross sections, the greatest boundary shear stress occurs towards the center of the channel. Reach-scale assessment of sediment mobility in the lower reach shows increased streambed mobility. This is due in part to smaller grain sizes in the lower reach, but may also reflect the greater extent of channel alterations, specifically the temporary berms constructed by CDOT in the late 1980s and 1990s, present in this reach.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155043","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board and Colorado River Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Williams, C.A., Richards, R.J., and Schaffrath, K.R., 2015, Hydraulic, geomorphic, and trout habitat conditions of the Lake Fork of the Gunnison River in Hinsdale County, Lake City, Colorado, Water Years 2010-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5043, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155043.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-060657","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301812,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155043.jpg"},{"id":301810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5043/"},{"id":301811,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5043/pdf/sir2015-5043.pdf","text":"Report","size":"28.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"SIR 2015-5043 Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Hinsdale County","city":"Lake City","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5177001953125,\n 38.14967752360809\n ],\n [\n -107.00408935546875,\n 38.14535757293734\n ],\n [\n -107.0013427734375,\n 37.9593578107923\n ],\n [\n -107.15789794921875,\n 37.94852933714952\n ],\n [\n -107.1826171875,\n 37.55981972178116\n ],\n [\n -107.56988525390624,\n 37.55764242679522\n ],\n [\n -107.5177001953125,\n 38.14967752360809\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558923a2e4b0b6d21dd61a45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Cory A. 0000-0003-1461-7848 cawillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-7848","contributorId":689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Cory","email":"cawillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richards, Rodney J. 0000-0003-3953-984X rjrichar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-984X","contributorId":2204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Rodney","email":"rjrichar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schaffrath, Keelin R.","contributorId":7552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffrath","given":"Keelin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70147645,"text":"sir20155070 - 2015 - Management of conservation reserve program grasslands to meet wildlife habitat objectives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T14:38:16","indexId":"sir20155070","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-22T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5070","title":"Management of conservation reserve program grasslands to meet wildlife habitat objectives","docAbstract":"

Numerous studies document environmental and social benefits of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). This report offers a synopsis of findings regarding effects of establishing CRP conservation practices on the quality and distribution of wildlife habitat in agricultural landscapes. On individual farms, year-round provision of wildlife habitat by the CRP may appear relatively insignificant. However, considered from multi-farm to National scales, such improvements in habitat and wildlife response have proven to be extensive and profound.

\n

Because CRP acres historically have been dominated by plantings of introduced and native grasses, this report focuses on issues pertaining to wildlife response to grass-dominated conservation practices. While the majority of CRP acres have been concentrated largely in the Great Plains and Corn Belt regions, 47 states (and Puerto Rico) have participated, resulting in measurable environmental benefits throughout the United States. Numerous investigations of habitat use by a wide range of wildlife species reveal that periodic management of CRP lands can enhance benefits through and beyond a typical 10 year general CRP contract.

\n

Over its 28-year existence, the CRP has evolved into an effective integration of conservation and agricultural policies targeting fragile and environmentally-valuable lands. Landowners with fields enrolled in the CRP often are the first to observe improvement in the landscape, greater numbers and kinds of wildlife, cleaner water and air, less erosion, and they have the satisfaction of seeing fragile lands serve better purposes. There is persistent concern that improvement seen in wildlife habitat and other environmental profits delivered by the CRP are ephemeral and last only as long as funding supports the existence of the program and its vegetative cover is properly managed.

\n

An involved American population will continue to expect governmental policies to enhance long-term protection of natural resources and public health. Recent investigations furnish evidence that the collective economic value of environmental benefits delivered by the CRP likely exceed program costs. The mounting significance placed on environmentally-responsible land management is based in part on public recognition that social, aesthetic, and recreational values enhance the traditional uses of agricultural land.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155070","usgsCitation":"Vandever, M.W., and Allen, A., 2015, Management of conservation reserve program grasslands to meet wildlife habitat objectives: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5070, iii, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155070.","productDescription":"iii, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063670","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155070.jpg"},{"id":301695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5070/"},{"id":301696,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5070/pdf/sir2015-5070.pdf","text":"Report","size":"30 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"SIR 2015-5070 Report"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558923a3e4b0b6d21dd61a47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandever, Mark W. vandeverm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"Mark","email":"vandeverm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Arthur W.","contributorId":59737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Arthur W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148608,"text":"fs20153045 - 2015 - Progress toward a National Water Census","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T13:27:07","indexId":"fs20153045","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-22T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3045","title":"Progress toward a National Water Census","docAbstract":"

Increasing demand and competition for limited regional water resources make it difficult to ensure adequate water availability for both human and ecological needs now and into the future. Recognizing the need to improve the tools and information that are available to effectively evaluate water-resource availability, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) identified a National Water Census (NWC) as one of its six core science directions for the decade 2007–17. In 2009, the SECURE Water Act (Public Law 111–11) authorized the USGS to develop a national water availability and use assessment program that would update the most recent national assessment of the status of water resources in the United States as well as develop the science to improve forecasts of water availability and quality for future needs.

\n

By evaluating large-scale effects of changes in land use and land cover, water use, and climate on occurrence and distribution of water, water quality, and human and aquatic-ecosystem health, the NWC will also help to inform a broader initiative by the Department of the Interior, WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage America's Resources for Tomorrow), which provides multiagency funding to pursue a sustainable water supply for the Nation as directed under the SECURE Water Act. Through the NWC, the USGS actively engages Federal, regional, and local stakeholders to identify research priorities and leverages current studies and program activities to provide information that is relevant at both the national and regional scales.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153045","usgsCitation":"Jones, S.A., 2015, Progress toward a National Water Census: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3045, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153045.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048958","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153045.jpg"},{"id":301624,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3045/"},{"id":301625,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3045/pdf/fs2015-3045.pdf","text":"Report","size":"500 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3045 Report"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558923a5e4b0b6d21dd61a4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Sonya A. 0000-0002-7462-8576 sajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8576","contributorId":1690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Sonya","email":"sajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":550491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70148000,"text":"fs20153038 - 2015 - Water resources of St. James Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T08:55:18","indexId":"fs20153038","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-19T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3038","title":"Water resources of St. James Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"

Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in St. James Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish is presented. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis) are the primary sources of the information presented here.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., and Prakken, L., 2015, Water resources of St. James Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3038, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153038.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063524","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153038.jpg"},{"id":301308,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3038/pdf/fs2015-3038.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":301289,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3038/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","county":"St. James Parish","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.98052978515625,\n 29.854937397596718\n ],\n [\n -90.98052978515625,\n 30.184308939305243\n ],\n [\n -90.61660766601562,\n 30.184308939305243\n ],\n [\n -90.61660766601562,\n 29.854937397596718\n ],\n [\n -90.98052978515625,\n 29.854937397596718\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55852f1ee4b023124e8f5aa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Vincent E. 0000-0002-1660-0102 vwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-0102","contributorId":5388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Vincent","email":"vwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prakken, Lawrence B. lprakken@usgs.gov","contributorId":139067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakken","given":"Lawrence B.","email":"lprakken@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70139258,"text":"sir20105090W - 2015 - Porphyry copper assessment of northeast Asia: Far East Russia and northeasternmost China: Chapter W in Global mineral resource assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70139258,"text":"sir20105090W - 2015 - Porphyry copper assessment of northeast Asia: Far East Russia and northeasternmost China: Chapter W in Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090W","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"chapter":"W","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of northeast Asia: Far East Russia and northeasternmost China: Chapter W in Global mineral resource assessment"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70040436,"text":"sir20105090 - 2010 - Global mineral resource assessment","indexId":"sir20105090","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Global mineral resource assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-31T09:48:57","indexId":"sir20105090W","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-19T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5090","chapter":"W","title":"Porphyry copper assessment of northeast Asia: Far East Russia and northeasternmost China: Chapter W in Global mineral resource assessment","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey assesses resources (mineral, energy, water, environmental, and biologic) at regional, national, and global scales to provide science in support of land management and decision making. Mineral resource assessments provide a synthesis of available information about where mineral deposits are known and suspected to be in the Earth’s crust, which commodities may be present, and estimates of amounts of resources in undiscovered deposits.

\n

A probabilistic mineral resource assessment of undiscovered resources associated with porphyry copper deposits in northeast Asia—composed mainly of Far East Russia and a small part of northeasternmost China—was completed as part of a global mineral resource assessment. Porphyry copper deposits are the main source of copper globally. Russia is an important source of copper, consistently ranking as 6th, 7th, or 8th in world production since 2000, and ranked 7th in 2014. Most of this production has been from magmatic copper-nickel-platinum-group element, volcanogenic massive sulfide, and sediment-hosted copper deposit types.

\n

The purpose of the assessment was to (1) compile a database of known deposits and significant prospects, (2) delineate permissive areas (tracts) for undiscovered porphyry copper deposits that may be present in the upper kilometer of the Earth’s crust, and (3) provide probabilistic estimates of amounts of copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) that could be contained in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits in the tracts. The assessment was completed by the U.S. Geological Survey in collaboration with geologists from the Russian Academy of Sciences and industry consultants.

\n

The database of known deposits, significant prospects, and prospects includes an inventory of mineral resources in two known porphyry copper deposits, as well as key characteristics derived from available exploration reports for 70 significant porphyry copper prospects and 86 other prospects. Resource and exploration and development activity are updated with information current through February 2013.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global mineral resource assessment (Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105090W","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Mihalasky, M.J., Ludington, S., Alexeiev, D.V., Frost, T.P., Light, T., Briggs, D.A., Hammarstrom, J.M., Wallis, J., Bookstrom, A.A., and Panteleyev, A., 2015, Porphyry copper assessment of northeast Asia: Far East Russia and northeasternmost China: Chapter W in Global mineral resource assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090, Report: ix, 104 p.; Appendixes F-G, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105090W.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 104 p.; Appendixes 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MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":301292,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/w/"},{"id":301324,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5090/w/SIR2010-5090-W_GIS.zip","text":"Appendix G","size":"4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"Appendix G","linkHelpText":"An Esri ArcGIS file-geodatabase (142pCu.gdb), containing three feature classes, and an Esri map document (.mxd)."}],"projection":"Asia North Lambert Conformal Conic Projection","country":"China, Russia","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55852f1de4b023124e8f5aa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mihalasky, Mark J. 0000-0002-0082-3029 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dbriggs@usgs.gov","contributorId":5722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Deborah","email":"dbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wallis, John C. jwallis@usgs.gov","contributorId":4084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"John C.","email":"jwallis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bookstrom, Arthur A. 0000-0003-1336-3364 abookstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-3364","contributorId":1542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookstrom","given":"Arthur","email":"abookstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Panteleyev, 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Lake Waiau is a small, typically 100-meter-long lake, located near the summit of Mauna Kea volcano, on the Island of Hawaiʻi. It is Hawaiʻi’s only alpine lake and is considered sacred in Hawaiian cultural tradition. Over the past few years, the lake has diminished in size, and, by October 2013, surface water had almost completely disappeared from the lake. In this study, we use high-resolution satellite images and aerial photographs to document recent changes at the lake. Based on our reconstructions covering the past 200 years, the historical lake surface area has typically ranged from 5,000 to 7,000 square meters, but in 2010 a dramatic plunge in lake area ensued. The lake area rebounded significantly in early 2014, following heavy winter storms. This near disappearance of the lake, judging from analysis of visitor photographs and field reports, appears to be highly unusual, if not unprecedented, in the historical record. The unusually low water levels in the lake are consistent with a recent severe drought in Hawaiʻi.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155076","usgsCitation":"Patrick, M.R., and Kauahikaua, J.P., 2015, Satellite monitoring of dramatic changes at Hawai'i's only alpine lake: Lake Waiau on Mauna Kea volcano: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5076, iii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155076.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059618","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155076.gif"},{"id":301311,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5076/pdf/sir2015-5076.pdf","text":"Report","size":"27.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":301296,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5076/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Lake Waiau, Mauna Kea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.47690629959106,\n 19.811587004447563\n ],\n [\n -155.47722816467285,\n 19.811788880726503\n ],\n [\n -155.47752857208252,\n 19.811819162146236\n ],\n [\n -155.47791481018066,\n 19.811758599300997\n ],\n [\n -155.477796792984,\n 19.811223626499736\n ],\n [\n -155.47746419906616,\n 19.8108097783813\n ],\n [\n -155.4772710800171,\n 19.810850153854897\n ],\n [\n -155.47690629959106,\n 19.811587004447563\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55852f1ee4b023124e8f5aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauahikaua, James P. 0000-0003-3777-503X jimk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-503X","contributorId":2146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"James","email":"jimk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155960,"text":"70155960 - 2015 - Landscape genomics of Sphaeralcea ambigua in the Mojave Desert: a multivariate, spatially-explicit approach to guide ecological restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-09T11:41:53","indexId":"70155960","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-18T03:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape genomics of Sphaeralcea ambigua in the Mojave Desert: a multivariate, spatially-explicit approach to guide ecological restoration","docAbstract":"

Local adaptation influences plant species’ responses to climate change and their performance in ecological restoration. Fine-scale physiological or phenological adaptations that direct demographic processes may drive intraspecific variability when baseline environmental conditions change. Landscape genomics characterize adaptive differentiation by identifying environmental drivers of adaptive genetic variability and mapping the associated landscape patterns. We applied such an approach to Sphaeralcea ambigua, an important restoration plant in the arid southwestern United States, by analyzing variation at 153 amplified fragment length polymorphism loci in the context of environmental gradients separating 47 Mojave Desert populations. We identified 37 potentially adaptive loci through a combination of genome scan approaches. We then used a generalized dissimilarity model (GDM) to relate variability in potentially adaptive loci with spatial gradients in temperature, precipitation, and topography. We identified non-linear thresholds in loci frequencies driven by summer maximum temperature and water stress, along with continuous variation corresponding to temperature seasonality. Two GDM-based approaches for mapping predicted patterns of local adaptation are compared. Additionally, we assess uncertainty in spatial interpolations through a novel spatial bootstrapping approach. Our study presents robust, accessible methods for deriving spatially-explicit models of adaptive genetic variability in non-model species that will inform climate change modelling and ecological restoration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-015-0741-1","usgsCitation":"Shryock, D.F., Havrilla, C.A., DeFalco, L., Esque, T., Custer, N., and Wood, T.E., 2015, Landscape genomics of Sphaeralcea ambigua in the Mojave Desert: a multivariate, spatially-explicit approach to guide ecological restoration: Conservation Genetics, v. 16, no. 6, p. 1303-1317, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-015-0741-1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1303","endPage":"1317","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062958","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert ecogregion","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.14697265625,\n 33.284619968887704\n ],\n [\n -118.14697265625,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -111.81884765624999,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -111.81884765624999,\n 33.284619968887704\n ],\n [\n -118.14697265625,\n 33.284619968887704\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfb7e4b08400b1fe140e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shryock, Daniel F. dshryock@usgs.gov","contributorId":5139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shryock","given":"Daniel","email":"dshryock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Havrilla, Caroline A. 0000-0003-3913-0980","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3913-0980","contributorId":146326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havrilla","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":16669,"text":"U of CO, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeFalco, Lesley ldefalco@usgs.gov","contributorId":139012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFalco","given":"Lesley","email":"ldefalco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":145679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Custer, Nathan ncuster@usgs.gov","contributorId":5561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Nathan","email":"ncuster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wood, Troy E. 0000-0002-1533-5714 twood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-5714","contributorId":4023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Troy","email":"twood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70148589,"text":"70148589 - 2015 - Effects of the environmental estrogenic contaminants bisphenol A and 17α-ethinyl estradiol on sexual development and adult behaviors in aquatic wildlife species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:53:31","indexId":"70148589","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of the environmental estrogenic contaminants bisphenol A and 17α-ethinyl estradiol on sexual development and adult behaviors in aquatic wildlife species","docAbstract":"

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including the mass-produced component of plastics, bisphenol A (BPA) are widely prevalent in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Many aquatic species, such as fish, amphibians, aquatic reptiles and mammals, are exposed daily to high concentrations of BPA and ethinyl estradiol (EE2), estrogen in birth control pills. In this review, we will predominantly focus on BPA and EE2, well-described estrogenic EDCs. First, the evidence that BPA and EE2 are detectable in almost all bodies of water will be discussed. We will consider how BPA affects sexual and neural development in these species, as these effects have been the best characterized across taxa. For instance, such chemicals have been in many cases reported to cause sex-reversal of males to females. Even if these chemicals do not overtly alter the gonadal sex, there are indications that several EDCs might demasculinize male-specific behaviors that are essential for attracting a mate. In so doing, these chemicals may reduce the likelihood that these males reproduce. If exposed males do reproduce, the concern is that they will then be passing on compromised genetic fitness to their offspring and transmitting potential transgenerational effects through their sperm epigenome. We will thus consider how diverse epigenetic changes might be a unifying mechanism of how BPA and EE2 disrupt several processes across species. Such changes might also serve as universal species diagnostic biomarkers of BPA and other EDCs exposure. Lastly, the evidence that estrogenic EDCs-induced effects in aquatic species might translate to humans will be considered.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.09.014","usgsCitation":"Bhandari, R.K., Deem, S.L., Holliday, D.K., Jandegian, C.M., Kassotis, C., Nagel, S., Tillitt, D.E., vom Saal, F., and Rosenfeld, C.S., 2015, Effects of the environmental estrogenic contaminants bisphenol A and 17α-ethinyl estradiol on sexual development and adult behaviors in aquatic wildlife species: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 214, p. 195-214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.09.014.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"214","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056661","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"214","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55828c21e4b023124e8f3f9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bhandari, Ramji K. rbhandari@usgs.gov","contributorId":5930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhandari","given":"Ramji","email":"rbhandari@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deem, Sharon L.","contributorId":139277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deem","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12719,"text":"Whitney R. Harris, World Ecology Center, Uni. of Missouri St. Louis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holliday, Dawn K.","contributorId":141187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holliday","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13706,"text":"University of Missouri-Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jandegian, Caitlin M. cjandegian@usgs.gov","contributorId":5941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jandegian","given":"Caitlin","email":"cjandegian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kassotis, Christopher D.","contributorId":26967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kassotis","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagel, Susan C.","contributorId":56147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagel","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"vom Saal, Frederick S.","contributorId":17488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"vom Saal","given":"Frederick S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rosenfeld, Cheryl S.","contributorId":141188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenfeld","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13706,"text":"University of Missouri-Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70148583,"text":"70148583 - 2015 - Incorporating climate change projections into riparian restoration planning and design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-03T10:24:52","indexId":"70148583","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating climate change projections into riparian restoration planning and design","docAbstract":"
\n

Climate change and associated changes in streamflow may alter riparian habitats substantially in coming decades. Riparian restoration provides opportunities to respond proactively to projected climate change effects, increase riparian ecosystem resilience to climate change, and simultaneously address effects of both climate change and other human disturbances. However, climate change may alter which restoration methods are most effective and which restoration goals can be achieved. Incorporating climate change into riparian restoration planning and design is critical to long-term restoration of desired community composition and ecosystem services.

\n
\n
\n

In this review, we discuss and provide examples of how climate change might be incorporated into restoration planning at the key stages of assessing the project context, establishing restoration goals and design criteria, evaluating design alternatives, and monitoring restoration outcomes. Restoration planners have access to numerous tools to predict future climate, streamflow, and riparian ecology at restoration sites. Planners can use those predictions to assess which species or ecosystem services will be most vulnerable under future conditions, and which sites will be most suitable for restoration. To accommodate future climate and streamflow change, planners may need to adjust methods for planting, invasive species control, channel and floodplain reconstruction, and water management. Given the considerable uncertainty in future climate and streamflow projections, riparian ecological responses, and effects on restoration outcomes, planners will need to consider multiple potential future scenarios, implement a variety of restoration methods, design projects with flexibility to adjust to future conditions, and plan to respond adaptively to unexpected change.

\n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.1645","usgsCitation":"Perry, L., Reynolds, L.V., Beechie, T.J., Collins, M.J., and Shafroth, P.B., 2015, Incorporating climate change projections into riparian restoration planning and design: Ecohydrology, v. 8, no. 5, p. 863-879, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1645.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"863","endPage":"879","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065479","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55828c22e4b023124e8f3fa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Laura G.","contributorId":45565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Laura G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Lindsay V.","contributorId":141182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":6737,"text":"Colorado State University, Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beechie, Timothy J.","contributorId":139468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beechie","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collins, Mathias J.","contributorId":19086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Mathias","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70146883,"text":"ofr20151079 - 2015 - Carbon dioxide storage in unconventional reservoirs workshop: summary of recommendations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T09:31:13","indexId":"ofr20151079","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1079","title":"Carbon dioxide storage in unconventional reservoirs workshop: summary of recommendations","docAbstract":"

“Unconventional reservoirs” for carbon dioxide (CO2) storage—that is, geologic reservoirs in which changes to the rock trap CO2 and therefore contribute to CO2 storage—including coal, shale, basalt, and ultramafic rocks, were the focus of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) workshop held March 28 and 29, 2012, at the National Conservation Training Center in Shepherdstown, West Virginia. The goals of the workshop were to determine whether a detailed assessment of CO2 storage capacity in unconventional reservoirs is warranted, and if so, to build a set of recommendations that could be used to develop a methodology to assess this storage capacity. Such an assessment would address only the technically available resource, independent of economic or policy factors. At the end of the workshop, participants agreed that sufficient knowledge exists to allow an assessment of the potential CO2 storage resource in coals, organic-rich shales, and basalts. More work remains to be done before the storage resource in ultramafic rocks can be meaningfully assessed.

\n

In order to assess the CO2 storage capacity of coals and organic-rich shales, the workshop participants agreed that the following several factors are key: sorption mechanisms and capacity, pore fluid composition and saturation, thermal maturity, formation thickness, and whether hydrocarbons have been extracted from the formation previously (for example, by enhanced gas or oil recovery).

\n

In order to assess the CO2 storage capacity of basalts, the workshop participants agreed that key factors include temperature, pressure, pH, water chemistry, mineral chemistry, organic content, mineralogy, porosity, permeability, relative permeabilities, and CO2 phase.

\n

The storage capacity for all unconventional reservoirs may be modeled using a volumetric equation starting with the extent of the rock unit and adjusted using these key factors and reaction terms. The ideas that were developed during this workshop can be used by USGS scientists to develop a methodology to assess the CO2 storage resource in unconventional reservoirs. This methodology could then be released for public comment and peer review. After completing this development process, the USGS could then use the methodology to assess the CO2 storage resource in unconventional reservoirs.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151079","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.B., and Blondes, M., 2015, Carbon dioxide storage in unconventional reservoirs workshop: summary of recommendations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1079, iii, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151079.","productDescription":"iii, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059685","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301263,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1079/pdf/ofr2015-1079.pdf","text":"Report","size":"213 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":301264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151079.jpg"},{"id":301262,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1079/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55828c20e4b023124e8f3f96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Kevin B. 0000-0002-6386-2623 kevinjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6386-2623","contributorId":565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kevin","email":"kevinjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blondes, Madalyn S. 0000-0003-0320-0107 mblondes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-0107","contributorId":3598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blondes","given":"Madalyn S.","email":"mblondes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148337,"text":"ofr20151062 - 2015 - Framework for a hydrologic climate-response network in New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T09:22:03","indexId":"ofr20151062","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1062","title":"Framework for a hydrologic climate-response network in New England","docAbstract":"

Many climate-related hydrologic variables in New England have changed in the past century, and many are expected to change during the next century. It is important to understand and monitor these changes because they can affect human water supply, hydroelectric power generation, transportation infrastructure, and stream and riparian ecology. This report describes a framework for hydrologic monitoring in New England by means of a climate-response network. The framework identifies specific inland hydrologic variables that are sensitive to climate variation; identifies geographic regions with similar hydrologic responses; proposes a fixed-station monitoring network composed of existing streamflow, groundwater, lake ice, snowpack, and meteorological data-collection stations for evaluation of hydrologic response to climate variation; and identifies streamflow basins for intensive, process-based studies and for estimates of future hydrologic conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151062","usgsCitation":"Lent, R.M., Hodgkins, G.A., Dudley, R.W., and Schalk, L., 2015, Framework for a hydrologic climate-response network in New England: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1062, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151062.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058608","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151062.jpg"},{"id":301243,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1062/"},{"id":301258,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1062/pdf/ofr2015-1062.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24.9 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California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T20:29:14.829189","indexId":"ofr20151098","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1098","title":"California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Salt Point, California","docAbstract":"

In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology.

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The Offshore of Salt Point map area is located in northern California, about 110 km north of San Francisco and 50 km south of Point Arena. The map area includes three California Marine Protected Areas: the southern portion of the Stewarts Point State Marine Reserve, the Salt Point State Marine Conservation Area, and the Gerstle Cove State Marine Reserve. The coast and shoreline are rugged and scenic, characterized by rocky promontories, steep bluffs capped by bare to forested marine terraces, kelp-rich coves, and nearshore rocks and pinnacles. The largely undeveloped onshore part of the map area is used primarily for grazing and recreation. U.S. Highway 1 extends along the coast through the map area, passing through Salt Point State Park, Kruse Rhododendron State Natural Reserve, and Stillwater Cove Regional Park. Sandy beaches are uncommon, present only in relatively protected coves.

\n

The seafloor in the map area extends from the shoreline to water depths of about 90 to 100 m. The nearshore to inner shelf area (to water depths of about 50 to 60 m) typically dips seaward about 1.0° to 1.5° and is underlain by bedrock and sand-sized to coarser grained sediment. The midshelf, underlain predominantly by muddy sediments, slopes more gently (less than 0.5°). Surficial and shallow sediments were deposited in the last about 21,000 years during the approximately 125-m sea-level rise that followed the last major lowstand associated with the Last Glacial Maximum, at which time the entire Offshore of Salt Point map area was emergent and the shoreline was about 20 km west of the present-day shoreline.

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Tectonic influences that impact the shelf morphology and geology in the map area are related to local faulting, folding, uplift, and subsidence. The onshore part of the map area is cut by the northwest-striking San Andreas Fault—the right-lateral transform boundary between the North American and Pacific tectonic plates with an estimated slip rate of about 17 to 25 mm/yr in this area. The region between Fort Ross and Point Arena, west of the San Andreas Fault, is the known as the “Gualala Block” on the basis of its distinctive geology. The Gualala Block consists of a thick, discontinuous Upper Cretaceous to Miocene stratigraphic section, however, only the submarine fan deposits of the Paleocene and Eocene German Rancho Formation are exposed along the coast in the Offshore of Salt Point map area. The German Rancho Formation also forms all of the rugged seafloor bedrock outcrops in the map area. The western boundary of the Gualala Block lies 3 to 5 km offshore, perhaps at the shore-parallel Gualala Fault. High-resolution seismic-reflection data reveal shallow folding and faulting in inferred upper Pleistocene strata along the Gualala Fault trend, suggesting this structure is now or has been recently active. The last ground rupture in the map area occurred during the devastating great 1906 California earthquake (M7.8, 4/18/1906), thought to have nucleated on the San Andreas Fault about 100 kilometers to the south offshore of San Francisco.

\n

Circulation over the continental shelf in the map area is dominated by the southward-flowing California Current, the eastern limb of the North Pacific Gyre. Associated upwelling brings cool, nutrient-rich waters to the surface, resulting in high biological productivity. The current flow generally is southeastward during the spring and summer; however, during the fall and winter, the otherwise persistent northwest winds are sometimes weak or absent, causing the California Current to move farther offshore and the Davidson Current, a weaker, northward-flowing countercurrent, to become active.

\n

Throughout the year, this part of the central California coast is exposed to four wave climate regimes: the north Pacific swell, the southern swell, northwest wind waves, and local wind waves. The north Pacific swell dominates in winter months, with wave heights at offshore buoys ranging from 2 to 10 m and wave periods ranging from 10 to 25 s. During summer months, the largest waves come from the southern swell, generated by storms in the south Pacific and offshore Central America. Characteristically, these swells have smaller wave heights (0.3 to 3 m) and similarly long periods (range 10 to 25 s). Northwest wind waves affect the coast throughout the year, while local wind waves are most common from October to April. These two wind-wave regimes typically have wave heights of 1 to 4 m and short periods (3 to 10 s).

\n

Potential marine benthic habitats in the Offshore of Salt Point map area include unconsolidated continental shelf sediments, mixed continental shelf substrate, and hard continental shelf substrate. Rocky-shelf outcrops and rubble are considered to be promising potential habitats for rockfish and lingcod, both of which are recreationally and commercially important species.

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This study evaluated the effects of environmental parameters on the probability of capturing endangered pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) using trotlines in the lower Mississippi River. Pallid sturgeon were sampled by trotlines year round from 2008 to 2011. A logistic regression model indicated water temperature (T; P < 0.01) and depth (D; P = 0.03) had significant effects on capture probability (Y = −1.75 − 0.06T + 0.10D). Habitat type, surface current velocity, river stage, stage change and non-sturgeon bycatch were not significant predictors (P = 0.26–0.63). Although pallid sturgeon were caught throughout the year, the model predicted that sampling should focus on times when the water temperature is less than 12°C and in deeper water to maximize capture probability; these water temperature conditions commonly occur during November to March in the lower Mississippi River. Further, the significant effect of water temperature which varies widely over time, as well as water depth indicate that any efforts to use the catch rate to infer population trends will require the consideration of temperature and depth in standardized sampling efforts or adjustment of estimates.

","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","doi":"10.1111/jai.12814","usgsCitation":"DeVries, R.J., Hann, D.A., and Schramm, H., 2015, Increasing capture efficiency of pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus (Forbes and Richardson, 1905) and the reliability of catch rate estimates: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 603-608, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12814.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"603","endPage":"608","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059805","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12814","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Lower Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.2579345703125,\n 32.65325087996883\n ],\n [\n -91.2579345703125,\n 33.83848275599514\n ],\n [\n -90.8953857421875,\n 33.83848275599514\n ],\n [\n -90.8953857421875,\n 32.65325087996883\n ],\n [\n -91.2579345703125,\n 32.65325087996883\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780ceb9e4b081161682236b","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/jai.12814","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jai.12814","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"DeVries R. J., Hann D. A., Schramm H. L.","journalName":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","publicationDate":"6/17/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeVries, R. J.","contributorId":145428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeVries","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hann, D. A.","contributorId":144087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hann","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schramm, H.L. Jr.","contributorId":103823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schramm","given":"H.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148023,"text":"70148023 - 2015 - Changes in total phosphorus concentration in the Red River of the North Basin, 1970-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:01:18","indexId":"70148023","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Changes in total phosphorus concentration in the Red River of the North Basin, 1970-2012","docAbstract":"

The Red River of the North drains much of eastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota and flows north into Manitoba, Canada, ultimately into Lake Winnipeg; therefore, water quality is an International concern. With increased runoff in the past few decades, phosphorus flux (the amount of phosphorus transported by the river) has increased. This is a concern, especially with respect to Lake Winnipeg, an important inland fishery and recreational destination. There is pressure at the State and International levels to reduce phosphorus flux, an expensive proposition. Depending on the method (controlling sources, settling ponds, buffer strips), control of phosphorus flux is not always effective during spring runoff. This work represents a first step in developing a causal model for phosphorus flux by examining available data and changes in concentration over time. Total phosphorus concentration data for the Red River at Emerson, Manitoba, and at Fargo, North Dakota-Moorhead, Minnesota, were summarized and then analyzed using WRTDS (Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season) to describe total phosphorus changes over time in two analysis periods: 1970-1993 and 1993-2012. Total phosphorus concentration increased in the first period at Emerson, Manitoba, indicating phosphorus was likely being transported to streams during runoff events. A very different pattern occurred at Fargo-Moorhead with declines in concentration, except at high discharge. While concentration continually changes, during the second period it decreased during spring runoff at Emerson and Fargo-Moorhead and during the growing season at Fargo-Moorhead, perhaps because of improved agricultural practices and declines in some uses of phosphorus.

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Velocity measurements near the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) are important for mapping surface currents, measuring velocity and discharge in shallow streams, and providing accurate estimates of discharge in the top unmeasured portion of the water column. Improvements to ADCP performance permit measurement of velocities much closer (5 cm) to the transducer than has been possible in the past (25 cm). Velocity profiles collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) with a 1200 kHz Rio Grande Zedhead ADCP in 2002 showed a negative bias in measured velocities near the transducers. On the basis of these results, the USGS initiated a study combining field, laboratory, and numerical modeling data to assess the effect of flow patterns caused by flow around the ADCP and deployment platforms on velocities measured near the transducers. This ongoing study has shown that the negative bias observed in the field is due to the flow pattern around the ADCP. The flow pattern around an ADCP violates the basic assumption of flow homogeneity required for an accurate three-dimensional velocity solution. Results, to date (2014), have indicated velocity biases within the measurable profile, due to flow disturbance, for the TRDI 1200 kHz Rio Grande Zedhead and the SonTek RiverSurveyor M9 ADCPs. The flow speed past the ADCP, the mount and the deployment platform have also been shown to play an important role in the magnitude and extent of the velocity bias.

","conferenceTitle":"2015 IEEE/OES Eleveth Current, Waves and Turbulence Measurement (CWTM)","conferenceDate":"March 2-6, 2015","conferenceLocation":"St. Petersburg, FL","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/CWTM.2015.7098103","usgsCitation":"Mueller, D.S., 2015, Velocity bias induced by flow patterns around ADCPs and associated deployment platforms, 2015 IEEE/OES Eleveth Current, Waves and Turbulence Measurement (CWTM), St. Petersburg, FL, March 2-6, 2015, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1109/CWTM.2015.7098103.","productDescription":"7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-062183","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1266880","text":"External Repository"},{"id":341822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592d8edee4b08f9d15be7b83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, David S. dmueller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"David","email":"dmueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173652,"text":"70173652 - 2015 - Tidal management sffects sub-adult fish assemblages in impounded South Carolina Marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T15:05:05","indexId":"70173652","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal management sffects sub-adult fish assemblages in impounded South Carolina Marshes","docAbstract":"

In coastal South Carolina, most impounded marshes are managed for waterfowl; fewer are managed for fishes. Tidal control is central to each strategy but raises concerns that nursery function could be impaired. This research examined the assemblage composition of fishes during early-life stages. We sampled two impoundments of each management type monthly in 2008 and 2009. We used light traps to collect 61,527 sub-adult fish representing 21 species and 16 families and push nets to collect 12,670 sub-adult fish representing 13 species and 11 families. The effective number of species detected at larval stage in “fish” impoundments (summer mean = 2.52 ± 0.20, winter mean = 2.02 ± 0.66) was greater than in “waterfowl” impoundments (summer mean = 1.27 ± 0.14, winter mean = 1.06 ± 0.09); CI = 90 %. Species richness did not differ between management types, but hierarchical linear models predicted differences in assemblage composition. These findings underscore the importance of frequent water exchange for maintaining diverse assemblages of early-life-stage fishes in marsh impoundments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11273-015-9435-1","usgsCitation":"Carswell, B.L., Peterson, J., and Jennings, C.A., 2015, Tidal management sffects sub-adult fish assemblages in impounded South Carolina Marshes: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 23, no. 6, p. 1015-1031, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-015-9435-1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1015","endPage":"1031","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056879","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Beaufort","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.68702697753906,\n 32.67752870965116\n ],\n [\n -80.69526672363281,\n 32.66539061924646\n ],\n [\n -80.70762634277344,\n 32.65382900017623\n ],\n [\n -80.68771362304686,\n 32.62318347873869\n ],\n [\n -80.66230773925781,\n 32.62318347873869\n ],\n [\n -80.64239501953125,\n 32.637061996573436\n ],\n [\n -80.6568145751953,\n 32.67752870965116\n ],\n [\n -80.68702697753906,\n 32.67752870965116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f064e4b04f417c24dd2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carswell, Ben L.","contributorId":171502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carswell","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A. 0000-0002-6159-6026 jennings@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6026","contributorId":874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil","email":"jennings@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}