{"pageNumber":"495","pageRowStart":"12350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46664,"records":[{"id":70159574,"text":"70159574 - 2014 - Tectonic evolution of the Tualatin basin, northwest Oregon, as revealed by inversion of gravity data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-12T11:32:42","indexId":"70159574","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic evolution of the Tualatin basin, northwest Oregon, as revealed by inversion of gravity data","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Tualatin basin, west of Portland (Oregon, USA), coincides with a 110 mGal gravity low along the Puget-Willamette lowland. New gravity measurements (n = 3000) reveal a three-dimensional (3-D) subsurface geometry suggesting early development as a fault-bounded pull-apart basin. A strong northwest-trending gravity gradient coincides with the Gales Creek fault, which forms the southwestern boundary of the Tualatin basin. Faults along the northeastern margin in the Portland Hills and the northeast-trending Sherwood fault along the southeastern basin margin are also associated with gravity gradients, but of smaller magnitude. The gravity low reflects the large density contrast between basin fill and the mafic crust of the Siletz terrane composing basement. Inversions of gravity data indicate that the Tualatin basin is &sim;6 km deep, therefore 6 times deeper than the 1 km maximum depth of the Miocene Columba River Basalt Group (CRBG) in the basin, implying that the basin contains several kilometers of low-density pre-CRBG sediments and so formed primarily before the 15 Ma emplacement of the CRBG. The shape of the basin and the location of parallel, linear basin-bounding faults along the southwest and northeast margins suggest that the Tualatin basin originated as a pull-apart rhombochasm. Pre-CRBG extension in the Tualatin basin is consistent with an episode of late Eocene extension documented elsewhere in the Coast Ranges. The present fold and thrust geometry of the Tualatin basin, the result of Neogene compression, is superimposed on the ancestral pull-apart basin. The present 3-D basin geometry may imply stronger ground shaking along basin edges, particularly along the concealed northeast edge of the Tualatin basin beneath the greater Portland area.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00929.1","usgsCitation":"McPhee, D., Langenheim, V., Wells, R.E., and Blakely, R.J., 2014, Tectonic evolution of the Tualatin basin, northwest Oregon, as revealed by inversion of gravity data: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 2, p. 264-275, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00929.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"264","endPage":"275","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044761","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00929.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Tualatin Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.4808349609375,\n              44.78963254761407\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.4808349609375,\n              45.96260622242165\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.420654296875,\n              45.96260622242165\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.420654296875,\n              44.78963254761407\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.4808349609375,\n              44.78963254761407\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645c659e4b0e2669b30f222","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPhee, Darcy 0000-0002-5177-3068 dmcphee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-3068","contributorId":2621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"Darcy","email":"dmcphee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":412,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":149019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":149772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70158996,"text":"70158996 - 2014 - Mercury and methylmercury stream concentrations in a Coastal Plain watershed: A multi-scale simulation analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:47:55","indexId":"70158996","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury and methylmercury stream concentrations in a Coastal Plain watershed: A multi-scale simulation analysis","docAbstract":"<p>Mercury is a ubiquitous global environmental toxicant responsible for most US fish advisories. Processes governing mercury concentrations in rivers and streams are not well understood, particularly at multiple spatial scales. We investigate how insights gained from reach-scale mercury data and model simulations can be applied at broader watershed scales using a spatially and temporally explicit watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling model, VELMA. We simulate fate and transport using reach-scale (0.1 km2) study data and evaluate applications to multiple watershed scales. Reach-scale VELMA parameterization was applied to two nested sub-watersheds (28 km2 and 25 km2) and the encompassing watershed (79 km2). Results demonstrate that simulated flow and total mercury concentrations compare reasonably to observations at different scales, but simulated methylmercury concentrations are out-of-phase with observations. These findings suggest that intricacies of methylmercury biogeochemical cycling and transport are under-represented in VELMA and underscore the complexity of simulating mercury fate and transport.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2013.12.026","usgsCitation":"Knightes, C.D., Golden, H., Journey, C.A., Davis, G.M., Conrads, P., Marvin-DiPasquale, M., Brigham, M.E., and Bradley, P.M., 2014, Mercury and methylmercury stream concentrations in a Coastal Plain watershed: A multi-scale simulation analysis: Environmental Pollution, v. 187, p. 182-192, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.12.026.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"182","endPage":"192","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063377","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"McTier Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.60507202148438,\n              33.75060604160645\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.60507202148438,\n              33.821370991333076\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.51168823242188,\n              33.821370991333076\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.51168823242188,\n              33.75060604160645\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.60507202148438,\n              33.75060604160645\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"187","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561e2b37e4b0cdb063e59cdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knightes, Christopher D.","contributorId":32666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knightes","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":94914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Gary M.","contributorId":12741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark 0000-0002-8186-9167 mmarvin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-9167","contributorId":149175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"Mark","email":"mmarvin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brigham, Mark E. 0000-0001-7412-6800 mbrigham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7412-6800","contributorId":1840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"Mark","email":"mbrigham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70155897,"text":"70155897 - 2014 - Geomorphic evidence for enhanced Pliocene-Quaternary faulting in the northwestern Basin and Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T11:54:32","indexId":"70155897","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2626,"text":"Lithosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic evidence for enhanced Pliocene-Quaternary faulting in the northwestern Basin and Range","docAbstract":"<p>Mountains in the U.S. Basin and Range Province are similar in form, yet they have different histories of deformation and uplift. Unfortunately, chronicling fault slip with techniques like thermochronology and geodetics can still leave sizable, yet potentially important gaps at Pliocene&ndash;Quaternary (&sim;105&ndash;106 yr) time scales. Here, we combine existing geochronology with new geomorphic observations and approaches to investigate the Miocene to Quaternary slip history of active normal faults that are exhuming three footwall ranges in northwestern Nevada: the Pine Forest Range, the Jackson Mountains, and the Santa Rosa Range. We use the National Elevation Dataset (10 m) digital elevation model (DEM) to measure bedrock river profiles and hillslope gradients from these ranges. We observe a prominent suite of channel convexities (knickpoints) that segment the channels into upper reaches with low steepness (mean k<sub>sn</sub> = &sim;182; &theta;<sub>ref</sub> = 0.51) and lower, fault-proximal reaches with high steepness (mean k<sub>sn</sub> = &sim;361), with a concomitant increase in hillslope angles of &sim;6&deg;&ndash;9&deg;. Geologic maps and field-based proxies for rock strength allow us to rule out static causes for the knickpoints and interpret them as transient features triggered by a drop in base level that created &sim;20% of the existing relief (&sim;220 m of &sim;1050 m total). We then constrain the timing of base-level change using paleochannel profile reconstructions, catchment-scale volumetric erosion fluxes, and a stream-power&ndash;based knickpoint celerity (migration) model. Low-temperature thermochronology data show that faulting began at ca. 11&ndash;12 Ma, yet our results estimate knickpoint initiation began in the last 5 Ma and possibly as recently as 0.1 Ma with reasonable migration rates of 0.5&ndash;2 mm/yr. We interpret the collective results to be evidence for enhanced Pliocene&ndash;Quaternary fault slip that may be related to tectonic reorganization in the American West, although we cannot rule out climate as a contributing mechanism. We propose that similar studies, which remain remarkably rare across the region, be used to further test how robust this Plio&ndash;Quaternary landscape signal may be throughout the Great Basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/L401.1","usgsCitation":"Ellis, M.A., B, B.J., and Colgan, J.P., 2014, Geomorphic evidence for enhanced Pliocene-Quaternary faulting in the northwestern Basin and Range: Lithosphere, v. 7, no. 1, p. 59-72, https://doi.org/10.1130/L401.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057543","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/l401.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"U.S. Basin and Range Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.26953125,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88281249999999,\n              42.65012181368025\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.73974609374999,\n              39.18117526158749\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.57568359374999,\n              36.26199220445664\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.08203125,\n              36.63316209558658\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.11572265625,\n              40.27952566881291\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.26953125,\n              42.68243539838623\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfb3e4b08400b1fe1402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, Magdalena A","contributorId":146227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellis","given":"Magdalena","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":16637,"text":"University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"B, Barnes Jason","contributorId":146228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"B","given":"Barnes","email":"","middleInitial":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":16637,"text":"University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colgan, Joseph P. 0000-0001-6671-1436 jcolgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-1436","contributorId":1649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colgan","given":"Joseph","email":"jcolgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70169154,"text":"70169154 - 2014 - Trouble in the aquatic world: How wildlife professionals are battling amphibian declines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:00:27","indexId":"70169154","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3587,"text":"The Wildlife Professional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trouble in the aquatic world: How wildlife professionals are battling amphibian declines","docAbstract":"<p>A parasitic fungus, similar to the one that caused the extinction of numerous tropical frog and toad species, is killing salamanders in Europe. Scientists first identified the fungus,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans,<span>&nbsp;</span></i>in 2013 as the culprit behind the death of fire salamanders (<i>Salamandr</i><i>a salamandra</i>) in the Netherlands (<a href=\"http://www.amphibia.be/downloads/PNAS_2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.amphibia.be/downloads/PNAS_2013.pdf\">Martel et al. 2013</a>) and are now exploring its potential impact to other species. Although the fungus, which kills the amphibians by infecting their skin, has not yet spread to the United States, researchers believe it’s only a matter of time before it does and, when that happens, the impact on salamander populations could be devastating (<a href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/346/6209/630.short\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/346/6209/630.short\">Martel et al. 2014</a>).</p><p>Reports of worldwide declines of amphibians began a quarter of a century ago (<a href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\">Blaustein &amp;<span>&nbsp;</span></a><a href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\">Wake 1990</a>). Globally, some amphibian population declines occurred in the late 1950s and early 1960s, and declining trends continued in North America (<a href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v404/n6779/abs/404752a0.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v404/n6779/abs/404752a0.html\">Houlahan et al. 2000</a>). In the earlier years, population declines were attributed primarily to overharvest due to unregulated supply of species such as the northern leopard frog (<i>Lithobate</i><i>s pipiens</i>) for educational use (<a href=\"https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/content/frogs-united-states-and-canada-2-vol-set\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/content/frogs-united-states-and-canada-2-vol-set\">Dodd</a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/content/frogs-united-states-and-canada-2-vol-set\" data-mce-href=\"https://jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu/content/frogs-united-states-and-canada-2-vol-set\">2013</a>). In later years, however, causes of declines were less evident. In 1989, herpetologists at the First World Congress of Herpetology traded alarming stories of losses across continents and in seemingly protected landscapes, making it clear that amphibian population declines were a “global phenomenon.” In response to these reports, in 1991, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) established the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force to better understand the scale and scope of global amphibian declines. Unfortunately, the absence of long-term monitoring data and targeted studies made it difficult for the task force to compile information.</p><p>Today, according to AmphibiaWeb.org, there are 7,342 amphibian species in the world — double the number since the first alerts of declines — making the situation appear deceptively less dire. In fact, our understanding of genetic diversity significantly raises the stakes, and we are at risk of losing far more species than we believed only a few years ago. According to the IUCN, amphibians now lead the list of vertebrate taxa affected by the larger “biodiversity crisis” and sixth major mass- extinction event on Earth (<a href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cobi.12234/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cobi.12234/abstract\">Keith et al. 2014</a>,<span>&nbsp;</span><a href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\">Wake</a><a href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0169534790901292\"><span>&nbsp;</span>and Vredenburg 2008</a>).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Olson, D.H., and Chestnut, T.E., 2014, Trouble in the aquatic world: How wildlife professionals are battling amphibian declines: The Wildlife Professional, v. 8, no. 4, p. 28-31.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060298","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319205,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319204,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildlife.org/trouble-in-the-aquatic-world/"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be56e4b0f59b85e02f59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Deanna H.","contributorId":114032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Deanna","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chestnut, Tara E. chestnut@usgs.gov","contributorId":3921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chestnut","given":"Tara","email":"chestnut@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70154820,"text":"70154820 - 2014 - A global assessment of the conservation status of the American Oystercatcher <i>Haematopus palliatus</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T15:36:55","indexId":"70154820","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3902,"text":"International Wader Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A global assessment of the conservation status of the American Oystercatcher <i>Haematopus palliatus</i>","docAbstract":"<p>The American Oystercatcher&nbsp;<i>Haematopus palliatus</i>&nbsp;is the most widely distributed of the four oystercatcher&nbsp;species in the Western Hemisphere. Its range covers almost the entire Atlantic Coast from northeastern United&nbsp;States to southern Argentina; on the Pacific Coast it is found from northern Mexico to central Chile. This&nbsp;assessment covers the entire range of the species, and is not intended to serve as a substitute or update for&nbsp;conservation plans that cover the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coast populations. Readers are advised to refer to&nbsp;those plans, available at www.whsrn.org, for more detailed information about U.S. populations.</p>\n<p>The subspecific taxonomy of&nbsp;<i>H. palliatus</i>&nbsp;is far from clear, but five races are recognized in this assessment,&nbsp;primarily to facilitate reference to specific populations (Fig. 1). These are nominate&nbsp;<i>H. p. palliatus</i>&nbsp;(coasts of&nbsp;eastern and southern United States; eastern Mexico; Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Central America; the&nbsp;Caribbean; and northern and eastern South America);<i>H. p. frazari</i>&nbsp;(Gulf of California and western Mexico);&nbsp;<i>H. p. pitanay</i>&nbsp;(coast of western South America);&nbsp;<i>H. p. durnfordi</i>&nbsp;(coast of southeast South America) and&nbsp;<i>H. p.&nbsp;galapagensis</i>&nbsp;(Galapagos Islands). The Galapagos race may deserve species status.</p>\n<p>Based on a review of existing population estimates and an extrapolation of data from quantitative surveys&nbsp;throughout its range, revised estimates are given for the populations of all five subspecies, and a total population&nbsp;of about 43,000 individuals. The nominate race is the most abundant with an estimated population size&nbsp;of about 20,000 individuals, while the least abundant is&nbsp;<i>H. p. galapagensis</i>, with just 300 individuals estimated.&nbsp;Biogeographic population estimates were used to determine 1% threshold levels and identify sites of regional&nbsp;and global conservation importance. A total of 20 sites have been identified for&nbsp;<i>H. p. palliatus</i>, 5 for&nbsp;<i>H. p.&nbsp;frazari</i>, 10 for&nbsp;<i>H. p. pitanay</i>&nbsp;and 10 for&nbsp;<i>H. p. durnfordi</i>. No key sites were identified for&nbsp;<i>H. p. galapagensis</i>&nbsp;as it is found in low density scattered throughout the islands. Of these 45 sites, 14 have counts that surpass&nbsp;the 1% level of the global population, and are thus of global conservation significance for the species. Because&nbsp;the species is a dispersed breeder, the 1% threshold is of limited value in identifying key breeding sites. For the time being, these have been defined as sites holding 20 or more breeding pairs; 17 such sites have been&nbsp;identified, with all but four in the United States. It is hoped that a more rigorous approach for identifying key&nbsp;breeding sites can be developed in the future.</p>\n<p>As an obligate coastal species, American Oystercatcher is at risk from widespread habitat loss due to coastal&nbsp;development, and recreational activities that lead to nest disturbance and increased predation. This is exacerbated&nbsp;by the species&rsquo; low population size and low reproductive success. Climate change also poses a significant&nbsp;future threat, especially with regard to sea-level rise.</p>\n<p>To address these threats, conservation actions are proposed that focus on increased legal protection for the&nbsp;species and on the conservation of key sites and important habitats. Conservation could include implementing&nbsp;beneficial management practices, such as restoration of nest and roost sites, controlling predation, and reducing&nbsp;disturbance. Education and outreach programs are needed throughout the species&rsquo; range, especially for beach&nbsp;users and urban planners. Training programs will be necessary to ensure successful implementation of many&nbsp;of the priority conservation actions. Finally, a key first step in conserving this species across its range is the&nbsp;creation of a&nbsp;<i>H. palliatus</i>&nbsp;Working Group. Modelled after the U.S. American Oystercatcher Working Group&nbsp;this organization could unite researchers, conservationists, and educators from across the hemisphere to foster&nbsp;coordinated research, conservation action, and monitoring as outlined in this assessment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Wader Study Group","usgsCitation":"Clay, R.P., Lesterhuis, A.J., Schulte, S.A., Brown, S., Reynolds, D., and Simons, T.R., 2014, A global assessment of the conservation status of the American Oystercatcher <i>Haematopus palliatus</i>: International Wader Studies, v. 20, p. 62-82.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"82","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049948","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307113,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waderstudygroup.org/article/1620/"}],"volume":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92aae4b05d6c4e501a3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clay, Rob","contributorId":146618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clay","given":"Rob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lesterhuis, Arne J.","contributorId":146619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesterhuis","given":"Arne","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulte, Shiloh A.","contributorId":60765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulte","given":"Shiloh","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Stephen","contributorId":40096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reynolds, Debra","contributorId":146620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Debra","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70155071,"text":"70155071 - 2014 - Effects of satellite transmitters on captive and wild mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T12:50:18","indexId":"70155071","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of satellite transmitters on captive and wild mallards","docAbstract":"<p><span>Satellite telemetry has become a leading method for studying large-scale movements and survival in birds, yet few have addressed potential effects of the larger and heavier tracking equipment on study subjects. We simultaneously evaluated effects of satellite telemetry equipment on captive and wild mallards (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>) to assess impacts on behavior, body mass, and movement. We randomly assigned 55 captive ducks to one of 3 treatment groups, including a standard body harness group, a modified harness group, and a control group. Ducks in the control group were not fitted with equipment, whereas individuals in the other 2 groups were fitted with dummy transmitters attached with a Teflon ribbon harness or with a similar harness constructed of nylon cord. At the conclusion of the 14-week captive study, mean body mass of birds in the control group was 40&ndash;105&thinsp;g (95% CI) greater than birds with standard harnesses, and 28&ndash;99&thinsp;g (95% CI) greater than birds with modified harnesses. Further, results of focal behavior observations indicated ducks with transmitters were less likely to be in water than control birds. We also tested whether movements of wild birds marked with a similar Teflon harness satellite transmitter aligned with population movements reported by on-the-ground observers who indexed local abundances of mid-continent mallards throughout the non-breeding period. Results indicated birds marked with satellite transmitters moved concurrently with the larger unmarked population. Our results have broad implications for field research and suggest that investigators should consider potential for physiological and behavioral effects brought about by tracking equipment. Nonetheless, results from wild ducks indicate satellite telemetry has the potential to provide useful movement data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/wsb.437","usgsCitation":"Kesler, D.C., Raedeke, A.H., Foggia, J.R., Beatty, W.S., Webb, E.B., Humburg, D.D., and Naylor, L.W., 2014, Effects of satellite transmitters on captive and wild mallards: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 3, p. 557-565, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.437.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"565","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-07-29","temporalEnd":"2010-12-15","ipdsId":"IP-046213","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/279f09d07e584f4dbb5cc48de0afff3a","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.39599609375,\n              30.12612436422458\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.71484375,\n              42.53689200787317\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.8681640625,\n              48.122101028190805\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.7236328125,\n              49.781264058178365\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.99658203125,\n              52.77618568896171\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.0166015625,\n              52.78947558139887\n            ],\n            [\n              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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c333ace4b033ef52106a8e","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.437","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.437","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Kesler Dylan C., Raedeke Andrew H., Foggia Jennifer R., Beatty William S., Webb Elisabeth B., Humburg Dale D., Naylor Luke W.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"5/7/2014","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kesler, Dylan C.","contributorId":14358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kesler","given":"Dylan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6769,"text":"University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raedeke, Andrew H.","contributorId":94083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foggia, Jennifer R.","contributorId":146302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foggia","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":146301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beatty","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Humburg, Dale D.","contributorId":79357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Humburg","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13073,"text":"Ducks Unlimited, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Naylor, Luke W.","contributorId":145840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naylor","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70115370,"text":"pp18012 - 2014 - The evolution of seismic monitoring systems at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70115370,"text":"pp18012 - 2014 - The evolution of seismic monitoring systems at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","indexId":"pp18012","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"The evolution of seismic monitoring systems at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:49:12.45653","indexId":"pp18012","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"2","title":"The evolution of seismic monitoring systems at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","docAbstract":"<p>In the century since the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) put its first seismographs into operation at the edge of Kīlauea Volcano&rsquo;s summit caldera, seismic monitoring at HVO (now administered by the U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]) has evolved considerably. The HVO seismic network extends across the entire Island of Hawai&lsquo;i and is complemented by stations installed and operated by monitoring partners in both the USGS and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The seismic data stream that is available to HVO for its monitoring of volcanic and seismic activity in Hawai&lsquo;i, therefore, is built from hundreds of data channels from a diverse collection of instruments that can accurately record the ground motions of earthquakes ranging in magnitude from &lt;1 to &ge;8. In this chapter we describe the growth of HVO&rsquo;s seismic monitoring systems throughout its first hundred years of operation. Although other references provide specific details of the changes in instrumentation and data handling over time, we recount here, in more general terms, the evolution of HVO&rsquo;s seismic network. We focus not only on equipment but also on interpretative products and results that were enabled by the new instrumentation and by improvements in HVO&rsquo;s seismic monitoring, analytical, and interpretative capabilities implemented during the past century. As HVO enters its next hundred years of seismological studies, it is well situated to further improve upon insights into seismic and volcanic processes by using contemporary seismological tools.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18012","usgsCitation":"Okubo, P.G., Nakata, J.S., and Koyanagi, R.Y., 2014, The evolution of seismic monitoring systems at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18012.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045278","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18012.PNG"},{"id":296668,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299342,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap2_Okubo.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c3e4b027f0aee3bb33","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543949,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543950,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543951,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Okubo, Paul G. 0000-0002-0381-6051 pokubo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":2730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Paul","email":"pokubo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nakata, Jennifer S.","contributorId":18364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakata","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koyanagi, Robert Y.","contributorId":52561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koyanagi","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70104798,"text":"pp18014 - 2014 - Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70104798,"text":"pp18014 - 2014 - Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18014","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"4","title":"Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:51:31.716552","indexId":"pp18014","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"4","title":"Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>Hawaiian volcanoes build long rift zones and some of the largest volcanic edifices on Earth. For the active volcanoes on the Island of Hawai&lsquo;i, the growth of these rift zones is upward and seaward and occurs through a repetitive process of decades-long buildup of a magma-system head along the rift zones, followed by rapid large-scale displacement of the seaward flank in seconds to minutes. This large-scale flank movement, which may be rapid enough to generate a large earthquake and tsunami, always causes subsidence along the coast, opening of the rift zone, and collapse of the magma-system head. If magma continues to flow into the conduit and out into the rift system, then the cycle of growth and collapse begins again. This pattern characterizes currently active Kīlauea Volcano, where periods of upward and seaward growth along rift zones were punctuated by large (&gt;10 m) and rapid flank displacements in 1823, 1868, 1924, and 1975. At the much larger Mauna Loa volcano, rapid flank movements have occurred only twice in the past 200 years, in 1868 and 1951.</p>\n<p>All seaward flank movement occurs along a detachment fault, or d&eacute;collement, that forms within the mixture of pelagic clays and volcaniclastic deposits on the old seafloor and pushes up a bench of debris along the distal margin of the flank. The offshore uplift that builds this bench is generated by d&eacute;collement slip that terminates upward into the overburden along thrust faults. Finite strain and finite strength models for volcano growth on a low-friction d&eacute;collement reproduce this bench structure, as well as much of the morphology and patterns of faulting observed on the actively growing volcanoes of Mauna Loa and Kīlauea. These models show how stress is stored within growing volcano flanks, but not how rapid, potentially seismic slip is triggered along their d&eacute;collements. The imbalance of forces that triggers large, rapid seaward displacement of the flank after decades of creep may result either from driving forces that change rapidly, such as magma pressure gradients; from resisting forces that rapidly diminish with slip, such as those arising from coupling of pore pressure and dilatancy within d&eacute;collement sediment; or, from some interplay between driving and resisting forces that produces flank motion. Our understanding of the processes of flank motion is limited by available data, though recent studies have increased our ability to quantitatively address flank instability and associated hazards.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18014","usgsCitation":"Denlinger, R.P., and Morgan, J.K., 2014, Instability of Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18014.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042086","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18014.PNG"},{"id":299346,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap4_Denlinger.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296670,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9bde4b027f0aee3bb18","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543957,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. 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,{"id":70106955,"text":"pp18018 - 2014 - The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70106955,"text":"pp18018 - 2014 - The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","indexId":"pp18018","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"8","title":"The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:06:09.708523","indexId":"pp18018","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"8","title":"The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study","docAbstract":"<p>This chapter, prepared in celebration of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatoryʼs centennial, provides a historical lens through which to view modern paradigms of Hawaiian-style eruption dynamics. The models presented here draw heavily from observations, monitoring, and experiments conducted on Kīlauea Volcano, which, as the site of frequent and accessible eruptions, has attracted scientists from around the globe. Long-lived eruptions in particular&mdash;Halema&lsquo;uma&lsquo;u 1907&ndash;24, Kīlauea Iki 1959, Mauna Ulu 1969&ndash;74, Pu&lsquo;u &lsquo;Ō&lsquo;ō-Kupaianaha 1983&ndash;present, and Halema&lsquo;uma&lsquo;u 2008&ndash;present&mdash;have offered incomparable opportunities to conceptualize and constrain theoretical models with multidisciplinary data and to field-test model results. The central theme in our retrospective is the interplay of magmatic gas and near-liquidus basaltic melt. A century of study has shown that gas exsolution facilitates basaltic dike propagation; volatile solubility and vesiculation kinetics influence magma-rise rates and fragmentation depths; bubble interactions and gas-melt decoupling modulate magma rheology, eruption intensity, and plume dynamics; and pyroclast outgassing controls characteristics of eruption deposits. Looking to the future, we anticipate research leading to a better understanding of how eruptive activity is influenced by volatiles, including the physics of mixed CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O degassing, gas segregation in nonuniform conduits, and vaporization of external H<sub>2</sub>O during magma ascent.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18018","usgsCitation":"Mangan, M.T., Cashman, K., and Swanson, D., 2014, The dynamics of Hawaiian-style eruptions: A century of study: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18018.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"354","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045277","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299356,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18018.PNG"},{"id":299355,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap8_Mangan.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296663,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c3e4b027f0aee3bb31","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543971,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. 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,{"id":70173735,"text":"70173735 - 2014 - Developing a topographic model to predict the northern hardwood forest type within Carolina northern flying squirrel (<i>Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i>) recovery areas of the southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T21:42:18","indexId":"70173735","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2043,"text":"International Journal of Forestry Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a topographic model to predict the northern hardwood forest type within Carolina northern flying squirrel (<i>Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i>) recovery areas of the southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"<p>The northern hardwood forest type is an important habitat component for the endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel (CNFS;<i> Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i>) for den sites and corridor habitats between boreo-montane conifer patches foraging areas. Our study related terrain data to presence of northern hardwood forest type in the recovery areas of CNFS in the southern Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina, eastern Tennessee, and southwestern Virginia. We recorded overstory species composition and terrain variables at 338 points, to construct a robust, spatially predictive model. Terrain variables analyzed included elevation, aspect, slope gradient, site curvature, and topographic exposure. We used an information-theoretic approach to assess seven models based on associations noted in existing literature as well as an inclusive global model. Our results indicate that, on a regional scale, elevation, aspect, and topographic exposure index (TEI) are significant predictors of the presence of the northern hardwood forest type in the southern Appalachians. Our elevation + TEI model was the best approximating model (the lowest AICc score) for predicting northern hardwood forest type correctly classifying approximately 78% of our sample points. We then used these data to create region-wide predictive maps of the distribution of the northern hardwood forest type within CNFS recovery areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","doi":"10.1155/2014/179415","usgsCitation":"Evans, A., Odom, R.H., Resler, L.M., Ford, W.M., and Prisley, S., 2014, Developing a topographic model to predict the northern hardwood forest type within Carolina northern flying squirrel (<i>Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i>) recovery areas of the southern Appalachians: International Journal of Forestry Research, v. 2014, Article 179415; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/179415.","productDescription":"Article 179415; 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056035","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/179415","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.166259765625,\n              35.23664622093195\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.1607666015625,\n              34.9805024453652\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.0950927734375,\n              34.99850370014629\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.28759765625,\n              35.523285179107816\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.49108886718749,\n              36.25313319699069\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.331787109375,\n              36.712467243386264\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.617431640625,\n              36.760891249565624\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.1173095703125,\n              36.19109202182454\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.078369140625,\n              35.4159149234562\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.166259765625,\n              35.23664622093195\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9330e4b04f417c275133","chorus":{"doi":"10.1155/2014/179415","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/179415","publisher":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","authors":"Evans Andrew, Odom Richard, Resler Lynn, Ford W. Mark, Prisley Steve","journalName":"International Journal of Forestry Research","publicationDate":"2014","auditedOn":"11/17/2014","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Andrew","contributorId":171675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odom, Richard H.","contributorId":171659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Odom","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Resler, Lynn M.","contributorId":74215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Resler","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prisley, Stephen","contributorId":26272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prisley","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173561,"text":"70173561 - 2014 - Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-13T15:45:36","indexId":"70173561","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods","docAbstract":"<p><span>Characterizing fish assemblages in lentic ecosystems is difficult, and multiple sampling methods are almost always necessary to gain reliable estimates of indices such as species richness. However, most research focused on lentic fish sampling methodology has targeted recreationally important species, and little to no information is available regarding the influence of multiple methods and timing (i.e., temporal variation) on characterizing entire fish assemblages. Therefore, six lakes and impoundments (48&ndash;1,557&nbsp;ha surface area) were sampled seasonally with seven gear types to evaluate the combined influence of sampling methods and timing on the number of species and individuals sampled. Probabilities of detection for species indicated strong selectivities and seasonal trends that provide guidance on optimal seasons to use gears when targeting multiple species. The evaluation of species richness and number of individuals sampled using multiple gear combinations demonstrated that appreciable benefits over relatively few gears (e.g., to four) used in optimal seasons were not present. Specifically, over 90&nbsp;% of the species encountered with all gear types and season combinations (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">N</i><span>&thinsp;=&thinsp;19) from six lakes and reservoirs were sampled with nighttime boat electrofishing in the fall and benthic trawling, modified-fyke, and mini-fyke netting during the summer. Our results indicated that the characterization of lentic fish assemblages was highly influenced by the selection of sampling gears and seasons, but did not appear to be influenced by waterbody type (i.e., natural lake, impoundment). The standardization of data collected with multiple methods and seasons to account for bias is imperative to monitoring of lentic ecosystems and will provide researchers with increased reliability in their interpretations and decisions made using information on lentic fish assemblages.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-014-3711-z","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J., and Quist, M.C., 2014, Characterizing lentic freshwater fish assemblages using multiple sampling methods: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 186, no. 7, p. 4461-4474, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3711-z.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4461","endPage":"4474","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042076","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575fd92be4b04f417c2baa0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Jesse R.","contributorId":86618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jesse R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70133624,"text":"pp18017 - 2014 - One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133624,"text":"pp18017 - 2014 - One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","indexId":"pp18017","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"7","title":"One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:05:14.657893","indexId":"pp18017","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"7","title":"One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","docAbstract":"<p>The first volcanic gas studies in Hawai&lsquo;i, beginning in 1912, established that volatile emissions from Kīlauea Volcano contained mostly water vapor, in addition to carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. This straightforward discovery overturned a popular volatile theory of the day and, in the same action, helped affirm Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr.&rsquo;s, vision of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) as a preeminent place to study volcanic processes. Decades later, the environmental movement produced a watershed of quantitative analytical tools that, after being tested at Kīlauea, became part of the regular monitoring effort at HVO. The resulting volatile emission and fumarole chemistry datasets are some of the most extensive on the planet. These data indicate that magma from the mantle enters the shallow magmatic system of Kīlauea sufficiently oversaturated in CO<sub>2</sub> to produce turbulent flow. Passive degassing at Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit that occurred from 1983 through 2007 yielded CO<sub>2</sub>-depleted, but SO<sub>2</sub>- and H<sub>2</sub>O-rich, rift eruptive gases. Beginning with the 2008 summit eruption, magma reaching the East Rift Zone eruption site became depleted of much of its volatile content at the summit eruptive vent before transport to Pu&lsquo;u &lsquo;Ō&lsquo;ō. The volatile emissions of Hawaiian volcanoes are halogen-poor, relative to those of other basaltic systems. Information gained regarding intrinsic gas solubilities at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, as well as the pressure-controlled nature of gas release, have provided useful tools for tracking eruptive activity. Regular CO<sub>2</sub>-emission-rate measurements at Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit, together with surface-deformation and other data, detected an increase in deep magma supply more than a year before a corresponding surge in effusive activity. Correspondingly, HVO routinely uses SO<sub>2</sub> emissions to study shallow eruptive processes and effusion rates. HVO gas studies and Kīlauea&rsquo;s long-running East Rift Zone eruption also demonstrate that volatile emissions can be a substantial volcanic hazard in Hawai&lsquo;i. From its humble beginning, trying to determine the chemical composition of volcanic gases over a century ago, HVO has evolved to routinely use real-time gas chemistry to track eruptive processes, as well as hazards.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18017","usgsCitation":"Sutton, A., and Elias, T., 2014, One hundred volatile years of volcanic gas studies at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18017.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050886","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18017.PNG"},{"id":299353,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap7_Sutton.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296662,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c0e4b027f0aee3bb23","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543968,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. 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,{"id":70133622,"text":"pp18011 - 2014 - The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133622,"text":"pp18011 - 2014 - The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","indexId":"pp18011","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"1","title":"The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-03T15:20:07.531376","indexId":"pp18011","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"1","title":"The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism","docAbstract":"<p>In the beginning of the 20th century, geologist Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr., argued that, to fully understand volcanic and associated hazards, the expeditionary mode of studying eruptions only after they occurred was inadequate. Instead, he fervently advocated the use of permanent observatories to record and measure volcanic phenomena&mdash;at and below the surface&mdash;before, during, and after eruptions to obtain the basic scientific information needed to protect people and property from volcanic hazards. With the crucial early help of American volcanologist Frank Alvord Perret and the Hawaiian business community, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was established in 1912, and Jaggar&rsquo;s vision became reality. From its inception, HVO&rsquo;s mission has centered on several goals: (1) measuring and documenting the seismic, eruptive, and geodetic processes of active Hawaiian volcanoes (principally Kīlauea and Mauna Loa); (2) geological mapping and dating of deposits to reconstruct volcanic histories, understand island evolution, and determine eruptive frequencies and volcanic hazards; (3) systematically collecting eruptive products, including gases, for laboratory analysis; and (4) widely disseminating observatory-acquired data and analysis, reports, and hazard warnings to the global scientific community, emergency-management authorities, news media, and the public. The long-term focus on these goals by HVO scientists, in collaboration with investigators from many other organizations, continues to fulfill Jaggar&rsquo;s career-long vision of reducing risks from volcanic and earthquake hazards across the globe.</p>\n<p>This chapter summarizes HVO&rsquo;s history and some of the scientific achievements made possible by this permanent observatory over the past century as it grew from a small wooden structure with only a small staff and few instruments to a modern, well-staffed, world-class facility with state-of-the-art monitoring networks that constantly track volcanic and earthquake activity. The many successes of HVO, from improving basic knowledge about basaltic volcanism to providing hands-on experience and training for hundreds of scientists and students and serving as the testing ground for new instruments and technologies, stem directly from the acquisition, integration, and analysis of multiple datasets that span many decades of observations of frequent eruptive activity. HVO&rsquo;s history of the compilation, interpretation, and communication of long-term volcano monitoring and eruption data (for instance, seismic, geodetic, and petrologic-geochemical data and detailed eruption chronologies) is perhaps unparalleled in the world community of volcano observatories. The discussion and conclusions drawn in this chapter, which emphasize developments since the 75th anniversary of HVO in 1987, are general and retrospective and are intended to provide context for the more detailed, topically focused chapters of this volume.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18011","usgsCitation":"Tilling, R.I., Kauahikaua, J.P., Brantley, S., and Neal, C.A., 2014, The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: A natural laboratory for studying basaltic volcanism: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18011.","productDescription":"64 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036927","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18011.PNG"},{"id":296666,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299337,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap1_Tilling.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c2e4b027f0aee3bb2e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543946,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. 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,{"id":70133621,"text":"pp18016 - 2014 - Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70133621,"text":"pp18016 - 2014 - Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18016","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"6","title":"Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:04:46.140914","indexId":"pp18016","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"6","title":"Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>Study of the petrology of Hawaiian volcanoes, in particular the historically active volcanoes on the Island of Hawai&lsquo;i, has long been of worldwide scientific interest. When Dr. Thomas A. Jaggar, Jr., established the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) in 1912, detailed observations on basaltic activity at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes increased dramatically. The period from 1912 to 1958 saw a gradual increase in the collection and analysis of samples from the historical eruptions of Kīlauea and Mauna Loa and development of the concepts needed to evaluate them. In a classic 1955 paper, Howard Powers introduced the concepts of magnesia variation diagrams, to display basaltic compositions, and olivine-control lines, to distinguish between possibly comagmatic and clearly distinct basaltic lineages. In particular, he and others recognized that Kīlauea and Mauna Loa basalts must have different sources.</p>\n<p>Subsequent years saw a great increase in petrologic data, as the development of the electron microprobe made it possible to routinely monitor glass and mineral compositions, in addition to bulk rock compositions. We now have 100 years&rsquo; worth of glass compositions for Kīlauea summit eruptions, which, together with expanding databases on prehistoric tephras, provide important constraints on the nature of Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit reservoir. A series of chemically distinctive eruptions in the 1950s and 1960s facilitated evaluation of magma mixing and transport processes at Kīlauea. At Mauna Loa, lava compositions are distinctive only at the trace element level, suggesting that its summit reservoir is better mixed than Kīlauea&rsquo;s. Most summit lavas at both volcanoes, however, lie on olivine control lines having the same olivine composition (Fo<sub>86&ndash;87</sub>). Study of the ongoing East Rift Zone eruption at Kīlauea has further illuminated the complexity of magma storage, resupply, and mixing along this very active rift zone.</p>\n<p>Studies of active and closed-system lava lakes have been part of HVO&rsquo;s efforts since Jaggar&rsquo;s unique descriptions of the Halema&lsquo;uma&lsquo;u lava lake that existed before 1924. Detailed study of closed-system bodies, including the 1959 Kīlauea Iki, 1963 &lsquo;Alae, and 1965 and prehistoric Makaopuhi lava lakes and the Uēkahuna laccolith, have allowed recognition and quantification of processes of basalt differentiation. Specific topics reviewed herein include the occurrence of segregation veins and related structures, overall cooling history, and patterns of crystallization and reequilibration of olivine in various lava lakes.</p>\n<p>In recent decades, study of the submarine slopes of the Island of Hawai&lsquo;i and of Lō&lsquo;ihi Seamount has revolutionized our understanding of the early history of Hawaiian volcanoes. Observations of Lō&lsquo;ihi lavas first established the existence of an early alkalic stage in the evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes. Stages of volcanic development from inception to tholeiitic shield building can be observed in Kīlauea&rsquo;s submarine and subaerial sections. One distinctive feature of submarine volcanics at Kīlauea, Mauna Loa, and Hualālai is that picritic lavas are more abundant than in subaerial eruptions. Also, olivine compositions of submarine lavas are more magnesian, ranging from Fo<sub>88</sub> at Kīlauea to Fo<sub>89</sub> at Hualālai. The most magnesian glasses known from Kīlauea (MgO=14.7&ndash;15.0 weight percent) were found along the submarine part of Kīlauea&rsquo;s East Rift Zone.</p>\n<p>Contributions to our knowledge of the nature of the mantle source(s) of Hawaiian basalts are reviewed briefly, although this is a topic where debate is ongoing. Finally, our accumulated petrologic observations impose constraints on the nature of the summit reservoirs at Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, specifically whether the summit chamber has been continuous or segmented during past decades.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18016","usgsCitation":"Helz, R.T., Clague, D.A., Sisson, T.W., and Thornber, C.R., 2014, Petrologic insights into basaltic volcanism at historically active Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18016.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036755","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18016.PNG"},{"id":296661,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299351,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap6_Helz.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9c1e4b027f0aee3bb26","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543965,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. Jane jtakahashi@usgs.gov","contributorId":4298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"T. Jane","email":"jtakahashi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543966,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landowski, Claire M. clandowski@usgs.gov","contributorId":3180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landowski","given":"Claire","email":"clandowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543967,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Helz, Rosalind T. 0000-0003-1550-0684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":218732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clague, David A.","contributorId":77105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clague","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":527124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sisson, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3380-6425 tsisson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-6425","contributorId":2341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"Thomas","email":"tsisson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":527123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thornber, Carl R. cthornber@usgs.gov","contributorId":2016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"Carl","email":"cthornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":527121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70170830,"text":"70170830 - 2014 - The 2010 slow slip event and secular motion at Kilauea, Hawai`i inferred from TerraSAR-X InSAR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-04T12:23:32","indexId":"70170830","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2010 slow slip event and secular motion at Kilauea, Hawai`i inferred from TerraSAR-X InSAR data","docAbstract":"<p>We present here an Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) algorithm to extract both transient and secular ground deformations on the order of millimeters in the presence of tropospheric noise on the order of centimeters, when the transient is of short duration and known time, and the background deformation is smooth in time. We applied this algorithm to study the 2010 slow slip event as well as the secular motion of Kīlauea's south flank using 49 TerraSAR-X images. We also estimate the tropospheric delay variation relative to a given reference pixel using an InSAR SBAS approach. We compare the InSAR SBAS solution for both ground deformation and tropospheric delays with existing GPS measurements and confirm that the ground deformation signal andtropospheric noise in InSAR data are successfully separated. We observe that the coastal region on the south side of the Hilina Pali moves at a higher background rate than the region north side of the Pali. We also conclude that the 2010 SSE displacement is mainly horizontal and the maximum magnitude of the 2010 SSE vertical component is less than 5 mm.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011156","usgsCitation":"Chen, J., Zebker, H.A., Segall, P., and Miklius, A., 2014, The 2010 slow slip event and secular motion at Kilauea, Hawai`i inferred from TerraSAR-X InSAR data: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 8, p. 6667-6683, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011156.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"6667","endPage":"6683","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054026","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011156","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":320945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.31646728515625,\n              19.236280796124486\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.31646728515625,\n              19.3134113831997\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2199935913086,\n              19.3134113831997\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2199935913086,\n              19.236280796124486\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.31646728515625,\n              19.236280796124486\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572b1d3be4b0b13d391b4508","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Jingyi","contributorId":169127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Jingyi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zebker, Howard A.","contributorId":80401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zebker","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segall, Paul","contributorId":75942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segall","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miklius, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886 asta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":2060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miklius","given":"Asta","email":"asta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70173759,"text":"70173759 - 2014 - Using urban forest assessment tools to model bird habitat potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T14:47:20","indexId":"70173759","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2603,"text":"Landscape and Urban Planning","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using urban forest assessment tools to model bird habitat potential","docAbstract":"<p><span>The alteration of forest cover and the replacement of native vegetation with buildings, roads, exotic vegetation, and other urban features pose one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. As more land becomes slated for urban development, identifying effective urban forest wildlife management tools becomes paramount to ensure the urban forest provides habitat to sustain bird and other wildlife populations. The primary goal of this study was to integrate wildlife suitability indices to an existing national urban forest assessment tool, i-Tree. We quantified available habitat characteristics of urban forests for ten northeastern U.S. cities, and summarized bird habitat relationships from the literature in terms of variables that were represented in the i-Tree datasets. With these data, we generated habitat suitability equations for nine bird species representing a range of life history traits and conservation status that predicts the habitat suitability based on i-Tree data. We applied these equations to the urban forest datasets to calculate the overall habitat suitability for each city and the habitat suitability for different types of land-use (e.g., residential, commercial, parkland) for each bird species. The proposed habitat models will help guide wildlife managers, urban planners, and landscape designers who require specific information such as desirable habitat conditions within an urban management project to help improve the suitability of urban forests for birds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.10.006","usgsCitation":"Lerman, S.B., Nislow, K.H., Nowak, D., DeStefano, S., King, D.I., and Jones-Farrand, D., 2014, Using urban forest assessment tools to model bird habitat potential: Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 122, p. 29-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.10.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043798","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.10.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57594238e4b04f417c2569e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lerman, Susannah B.","contributorId":171615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lerman","given":"Susannah","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nislow, Keith H.","contributorId":103564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nislow","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowak, David J.","contributorId":171616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nowak","given":"David J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeStefano, Stephen 0000-0003-2472-8373 destef@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2472-8373","contributorId":166706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"Stephen","email":"destef@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, David I.","contributorId":34390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":13259,"text":"USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":18918,"text":"Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones-Farrand, D. Todd","contributorId":54713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones-Farrand","given":"D. Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70173686,"text":"70173686 - 2014 - Does age matter? The influence of age on response rates in a mixed-mode survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T14:51:21","indexId":"70173686","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1910,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does age matter? The influence of age on response rates in a mixed-mode survey","docAbstract":"<p><span>The appeal of cost savings and faster results has fish and wildlife management agencies considering the use of Internet surveys instead of traditional mail surveys to collect information from their constituents. Internet surveys, however, may suffer from differential age-related response rates, potentially producing biased results if certain age groups respond to Internet surveys differently than they do to mail surveys. We examined this concern using data from a mixed-mode angler survey conducted in South Dakota following the 2011 fishing season. Results indicated that young anglers (16&ndash;18) had the lowest return rates and senior anglers (65+) had the highest, regardless of survey mode. Despite this consistency in response rates, we note two concerns: (a) lower Internet response rates and (b) different age groups represented by the Internet and mail survey samples differed dramatically. Findings indicate that constituent groups may be represented differently with the use of various survey modes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2014.880137","usgsCitation":"Gigliotti, L.M., and Dietsch, A., 2014, Does age matter? The influence of age on response rates in a mixed-mode survey: Human Dimensions of Wildlife: An International Journal, v. 19, no. 3, p. 280-287, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2014.880137.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"287","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041985","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f032e4b04f417c24da4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gigliotti, Larry M. 0000-0002-1693-5113 lgigliotti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1693-5113","contributorId":3906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gigliotti","given":"Larry","email":"lgigliotti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietsch, Alia dietscha@usgs.gov","contributorId":4467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Alia","email":"dietscha@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":637578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173755,"text":"70173755 - 2014 - Accounting for tagging-to-harvest mortality in a Brownie tag-recovery model by incorporating radio-telemetry data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T16:23:27","indexId":"70173755","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accounting for tagging-to-harvest mortality in a Brownie tag-recovery model by incorporating radio-telemetry data","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Brownie tag-recovery model is useful for estimating harvest rates but assumes all tagged individuals survive to the first hunting season; otherwise, mortality between time of tagging and the hunting season will cause the Brownie estimator to be negatively biased. Alternatively, fitting animals with radio transmitters can be used to accurately estimate harvest rate but may be more costly. We developed a joint model to estimate harvest and annual survival rates that combines known-fate data from animals fitted with transmitters to estimate the probability of surviving the period from capture to the first hunting season, and data from reward-tagged animals in a Brownie tag-recovery model. We evaluated bias and precision of the joint estimator, and how to optimally allocate effort between animals fitted with radio transmitters and inexpensive ear tags or leg bands. Tagging-to-harvest survival rates from &gt;20 individuals with radio transmitters combined with 50&ndash;100 reward tags resulted in an unbiased and precise estimator of harvest rates. In addition, the joint model can test whether transmitters affect an individual's probability of being harvested. We illustrate application of the model using data from wild turkey,&nbsp;</span><i>Meleagris gallapavo,</i><span>to estimate harvest rates, and data from white-tailed deer,&nbsp;</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus,</i><span>&nbsp;to evaluate whether the presence of a visible radio transmitter is related to the probability of a deer being harvested. The joint known-fate tag-recovery model eliminates the requirement to capture and mark animals immediately prior to the hunting season to obtain accurate and precise estimates of harvest rate. In addition, the joint model can assess whether marking animals with radio transmitters affects the individual's probability of being harvested, caused by hunter selectivity or changes in a marked animal's behavior.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.1025","usgsCitation":"Buderman, F.E., Diefenbach, D.R., Casalena, M.J., Rosenberry, C.S., and Wallingford, B.D., 2014, Accounting for tagging-to-harvest mortality in a Brownie tag-recovery model by incorporating radio-telemetry data: Ecology and Evolution, v. 4, no. 8, p. 1439-1450, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1025.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1439","endPage":"1450","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045452","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941b6e4b04f417c256784","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buderman, Frances E.","contributorId":171634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buderman","given":"Frances","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casalena, Mary Jo","contributorId":98965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casalena","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":12891,"text":"Pennsylvania Game Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Christopher S.","contributorId":171633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallingford, Bret D.","contributorId":171632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wallingford","given":"Bret","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192550,"text":"70192550 - 2014 - Factors affecting fat content in mottled ducks on the Upper Texas Gulf Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T11:26:15","indexId":"70192550","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting fat content in mottled ducks on the Upper Texas Gulf Coast","docAbstract":"<p><span>Body condition, or an individual's ability to address metabolic needs, is an important measure of organism health. For waterfowl, body condition, usually some measure of fat, provides a useful proxy for assessing energy budgets during different life history periods and potentially is a measure of response to ecosystem changes. The mottled duck (Anas fulvigula) is relatively poorly studied in respect to these dynamics and presents a unique case because its non-migratory life-history strategy releases it from metabolic costs experienced by many related migratory waterfowl species. Additionally, as a species in decline and of conservation concern in many parts of its range, traditional methods of fat content estimation that involve destructive sampling are less viable. The goal of this study was to produce an equation for estimating fat content in mottled ducks using birds (n = 24) donated at hunter-check stations or collected by law enforcement efforts on the Texas Chenier Plain National Wildlife Refuge Complex from 2005 - 2007. Morphometric measurements were taken, and ether extraction and fat removal was used to estimate percent body fat content and abdominal fat mass, respectively. A hierarchical simple linear regression modeling approach was used to determine external morphometrics that best predicted abdominal fat content. A ratio model based on body mass and a length metric (keel and wing chord length possessed equal model support) provided the best relationship with abdominal fat in sampled individuals. We then applied the regression equation to historical check station data to examine fluctuations in fat content over time; fat content or condition varied relatively little with the exception of years characterized by major disturbances. The mottled duck condition model created here can be used to better monitor population status and health without destructively sampling individuals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Kearns, B., Haukos, D.A., Walther, P., and Conway, W.C., 2014, Factors affecting fat content in mottled ducks on the Upper Texas Gulf Coast: Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 2015, p. 274-280.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"274","endPage":"280","ipdsId":"IP-057821","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347449,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2015","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ece2e4b09af898c8cd2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kearns, Brian","contributorId":198470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kearns","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walther, Patrick","contributorId":42153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walther","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conway, Warren C.","contributorId":51550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70135449,"text":"pp18015 - 2014 - Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp18015","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T18:52:33.520536","indexId":"pp18015","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"5","title":"Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes","docAbstract":"<p>The characteristics of magma supply, storage, and transport are among the most critical parameters governing volcanic activity, yet they remain largely unconstrained because all three processes are hidden beneath the surface. Hawaiian volcanoes, particularly Kīlauea and Mauna Loa, offer excellent prospects for studying subsurface magmatic processes, owing to their accessibility and frequent eruptive and intrusive activity. In addition, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, founded in 1912, maintains long records of geological, geophysical, and geochemical data. As a result, Hawaiian volcanoes have served as both a model for basaltic volcanism in general and a starting point for many studies of volcanic processes.</p>\n<p>Magma supply to Hawaiian volcanoes has varied over millions of years but is presently at a high level. Supply to Kīlauea&rsquo;s shallow magmatic system averages about 0.1 km<sup>3</sup>/yr and fluctuates on timescales of months to years due to changes in pressure within the summit reservoir system, as well as in the volume of melt supplied by the source hot spot. Magma plumbing systems beneath Kīlauea and Mauna Loa are complex and are best constrained at Kīlauea. Multiple regions of magma storage characterize Kīlauea&rsquo;s summit, and two pairs of rift zones, one providing a shallow magma pathway and the other forming a structural boundary within the volcano, radiate from the summit to carry magma to intrusion/eruption sites located nearby or tens of kilometers from the caldera. Whether or not magma is present within the deep rift zone, which extends beneath the structural rift zones at ~3-km depth to the base of the volcano at ~9-km depth, remains an open question, but we suggest that most magma entering Kīlauea must pass through the summit reservoir system before entering the rift zones. Mauna Loa&rsquo;s summit magma storage system includes at least two interconnected reservoirs, with one centered beneath the south margin of the caldera and the other elongated along the axis of the caldera. Transport of magma within shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes occurs through dikes that can evolve into long-lived pipe-like pathways. The ratio of eruptive to noneruptive dikes is large in Hawai&lsquo;i, compared to other basaltic volcanoes (in Iceland, for example), because Hawaiian dikes tend to be intruded with high driving pressures. Passive dike intrusions also occur, motivated at Kīlauea by rift opening in response to seaward slip of the volcano&rsquo;s south flank.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18015","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., Miklius, A., and Montgomery-Brown, E.K., 2014, Magma supply, storage, and transport at shield-stage Hawaiian volcanoes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18015.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036759","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18015.PNG"},{"id":299349,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap5_Poland.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":296671,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9bfe4b027f0aee3bb1e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543962,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. 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,{"id":70146996,"text":"70146996 - 2014 - Quantifying understorey vegetation in the US Lake States: a proposed framework to inform regional forest carbon stocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T09:06:48","indexId":"70146996","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3886,"text":"Forestry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying understorey vegetation in the US Lake States: a proposed framework to inform regional forest carbon stocks","docAbstract":"<p>The contribution of understorey vegetation (UVEG) to forest ecosystem biomass and carbon (C) across diverse forest types has, to date, eluded quantification at regional and national scales. Efforts to quantify UVEG C have been limited to field-intensive studies or broad-scale modelling approaches lacking field measurements. Although large-scale inventories of UVEG C are not common, species- and community-level inventories of vegetation structure are available and may prove useful in quantifying UVEG C stocks. This analysis developed a general framework for estimating UVEG C stocks by employing per cent cover estimates of UVEG from a region-wide forest inventory coupled with an estimate of maximum UVEG C across the US Lake States (i.e. Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin). Estimates of UVEG C stocks from this approach reasonably align with expected C stocks in the study region, ranging from 0.86 &plusmn; 0.06 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> in red pine-dominated to 1.59 &plusmn; 0.06 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> for aspen/birch-dominated forest types. Although the data employed here were originally collected to assess broad-scale forest structure and diversity, this study proposes a framework for using UVEG inventories as a foundation for estimating C stocks in an often overlooked, yet important ecosystem C pool.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Chartered Foresters","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1093/forestry/cpu023","usgsCitation":"Russell, M.B., D’Amato, A.W., Schulz, B.K., Woodall, C.W., Domke, G., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Quantifying understorey vegetation in the US Lake States: a proposed framework to inform regional forest carbon stocks: Forestry, v. 87, no. 5, p. 629-638, https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpu023.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"629","endPage":"638","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051484","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308146,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92d1e4b05d6c4e501ac2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, Matthew B.","contributorId":140407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulz, Bethany K.","contributorId":140420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulz","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13487,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA (bschulz@fs.fed.us)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodall, Christopher W.","contributorId":53696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodall","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7264,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Domke, Grant M.","contributorId":28891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domke","given":"Grant M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70161750,"text":"70161750 - 2014 - Development of a globally applicable model for near real-time prediction of seismically induced landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T15:42:36","indexId":"70161750","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a globally applicable model for near real-time prediction of seismically induced landslides","docAbstract":"<p><span>Substantial effort has been invested to understand where seismically induced landslides may occur in the future, as they are a costly and frequently fatal threat in mountainous regions. The goal of this work is to develop a statistical model for estimating the spatial distribution of landslides in near real-time around the globe for use in conjunction with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)&nbsp;</span><i>Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response</i><span>&nbsp;(</span><i>PAGER</i><span>) system. This model uses standardized outputs of ground shaking from the USGS&nbsp;</span><i>ShakeMap</i><span>&nbsp;Atlas 2.0 to develop an empirical landslide probability model, combining shaking estimates with broadly available landslide susceptibility proxies, i.e., topographic slope, surface geology, and climate parameters. We focus on four earthquakes for which digitally mapped landslide inventories and well-constrained</span><i>ShakeMaps</i><span>&nbsp;are available. The resulting database is used to build a predictive model of the probability of landslide occurrence. The landslide database includes the Guatemala (1976), Northridge (1994), Chi-Chi (1999), and Wenchuan (2008) earthquakes. Performance of the regression model is assessed using statistical goodness-of-fit metrics and a qualitative review to determine which combination of the proxies provides both the optimum prediction of landslide-affected areas and minimizes the false alarms in non-landslide zones. Combined with near real-time&nbsp;</span><i>ShakeMaps</i><span>, these models can be used to make generalized predictions of whether or not landslides are likely to occur (and if so, where) for earthquakes around the globe, and eventually to inform loss estimates within the framework of the&nbsp;</span><i>PAGER</i><span>&nbsp;system.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.02.002","usgsCitation":"Nowicki, M.A., Wald, D.J., Hamburger, M., Hearne, M., and Thompson, E., 2014, Development of a globally applicable model for near real-time prediction of seismically induced landslides: Engineering Geology, v. 173, p. 54-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.02.002.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055123","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"173","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf73fe4b0e7a44bc0f14b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowicki, M. Anna mnowicki@usgs.gov","contributorId":5349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowicki","given":"M.","email":"mnowicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Anna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamburger, Michael W.","contributorId":77012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamburger","given":"Michael W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hearne, Mike 0000-0002-8225-2396 mhearne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8225-2396","contributorId":4659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearne","given":"Mike","email":"mhearne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, Eric M.","contributorId":48501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Eric M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70107437,"text":"pp18019 - 2014 - A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70107437,"text":"pp18019 - 2014 - A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","indexId":"pp18019","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"9","displayTitle":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawai'i","title":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70128419,"text":"pp1801 - 2014 - Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","indexId":"pp1801","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-01T19:06:39.427436","indexId":"pp18019","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1801","chapter":"9","displayTitle":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawai'i","title":"A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p>The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was established as a natural laboratory to study volcanic processes. Since the most frequent form of volcanic activity in Hawai&lsquo;i is effusive, a major contribution of the past century of research at HVO has been to describe and quantify lava flow emplacement processes. Lava flow research has taken many forms; first and foremost it has been a collection of basic observational data on active lava flows from both Mauna Loa and Kīlauea volcanoes that have occurred over the past 100 years. Both the types and quantities of observational data have changed with changing technology; thus, another important contribution of HVO to lava flow studies has been the application of new observational techniques. Also important has been a long-term effort to measure the physical properties (temperature, viscosity, crystallinity, and so on) of flowing lava. Field measurements of these properties have both motivated laboratory experiments and presaged the results of those experiments, particularly with respect to understanding the rheology of complex fluids. Finally, studies of the dynamics of lava flow emplacement have combined detailed field measurements with theoretical models to build a framework for the interpretation of lava flows in numerous other terrestrial, submarine, and planetary environments. Here, we attempt to review all these aspects of lava flow studies and place them into a coherent framework that we hope will motivate future research.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Characteristics of Hawaiian volcanoes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp18019","usgsCitation":"Cashman, K.V., and Mangan, M.T., 2014, A century of studying effusive eruptions in Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1801, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp18019.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"394","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042087","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp18019.PNG"},{"id":296664,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/"},{"id":299357,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1801/downloads/pp1801_Chap9_Cashman.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.0927734375,\n              22.19757745335104\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.54345703125,\n              22.350075806124867\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.884521484375,\n              21.85130210558968\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.709228515625,\n              20.86907773201848\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              19.580493479202538\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.698486328125,\n              18.3858049312974\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              18.145851771694467\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.390380859375,\n              18.895892559415024\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.73095703125,\n              20.066251024326302\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.323974609375,\n              21.135745255030603\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.730224609375,\n              21.70847301324598\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.499267578125,\n              21.361013117950915\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.68603515625,\n              21.657428197370653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551fb9ade4b027f0aee3baf6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543979,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takahashi, T. 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,{"id":70168484,"text":"70168484 - 2014 - A multi-indicator framework for mapping cultural ecosystem services: The case of freshwater recreational fishing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-17T10:14:18","indexId":"70168484","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-indicator framework for mapping cultural ecosystem services: The case of freshwater recreational fishing","docAbstract":"<p><span>Despite recent interest, ecosystem services are not yet fully incorporated into private and public decisions about natural resource management. Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are among the most challenging of services to include because they comprise complex ecological and social properties and processes that make them difficult to measure, map or monetize. Like others, CES are vulnerable to landscape changes and unsustainable use. To date, the sustainability of services has not been adequately addressed and few studies have considered measures of service capacity and demand simultaneously. To facilitate sustainability assessments and management of CES, our study objectives were to (1) develop a spatially explicit framework for mapping the capacity of ecosystems to provide freshwater recreational fishing, an important cultural service, (2) map societal demand for freshwater recreational fishing based on license data and identify areas of potential overuse, and (3) demonstrate how maps of relative capacity and relative demand could be interfaced to estimate sustainability of a CES. We mapped freshwater recreational fishing capacity at the 12-digit hydrologic unit-scale in North Carolina and Virginia using a multi-indicator service framework incorporating biophysical and social landscape metrics and mapped demand based on fishing license data. Mapping of capacity revealed a gradual decrease in capacity eastward from the mountains to the coastal plain and that fishing demand was greatest in urban areas. When comparing standardized relative measures of capacity and demand for freshwater recreational fishing, we found that ranks of capacity exceeded ranks of demand in most hydrologic units, except in 17% of North Carolina and 5% of Virginia. Our GIS-based approach to view freshwater recreational fishing through an ecosystem service lens will enable scientists and managers to examine (1) biophysical and social factors that foster or diminish cultural ecosystem services delivery, (2) demand for cultural ecosystem services relative to their capacity, and (3) ecological pressures like potential overuse that affect service sustainability. Ultimately, we expect such analyses to inform decision-making for freshwater recreational fisheries and other cultural ecosystem services.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.001","usgsCitation":"Villamagna, A., Mogollon, B., and Angermeier, P.L., 2014, A multi-indicator framework for mapping cultural ecosystem services: The case of freshwater recreational fishing: Ecological Indicators, v. 45, p. 255-265, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"265","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049121","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c5a7bce4b0946c6522500a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villamagna, Amy M.","contributorId":166683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villamagna","given":"Amy M.","affiliations":[{"id":35056,"text":"Plymouth State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mogollon, Beatriz","contributorId":166682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mogollon","given":"Beatriz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35590,"text":"USAID/USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X biota@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":166679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156640,"text":"70156640 - 2014 - Foraging and growth potential of juvenile Chinook Salmon after tidal restoration of a large river delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-25T16:06:02","indexId":"70156640","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging and growth potential of juvenile Chinook Salmon after tidal restoration of a large river delta","docAbstract":"<p><span>We evaluated whether restoring tidal flow to previously diked estuarine wetlands also restores foraging and growth opportunities for juvenile Chinook Salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>. Several studies have assessed the value of restored tidal wetlands for juvenile Pacific salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus</i><span>&nbsp;spp., but few have used integrative measures of salmon performance, such as habitat-specific growth potential, to evaluate restoration. Our study took place in the Nisqually River delta, Washington, where recent dike removals restored tidal flow to 364 ha of marsh&mdash;the largest tidal marsh restoration project in the northwestern contiguous United States. We sampled fish assemblages, water temperatures, and juvenile Chinook Salmon diet composition and consumption rates in two restored and two reference tidal channels during a 3-year period after restoration; these data were used as inputs to a bioenergetics model to compare Chinook Salmon foraging performance and growth potential between the restored and reference channels. We found that foraging performance and growth potential of juvenile Chinook Salmon were similar between restored and reference tidal channels. However, Chinook Salmon densities were significantly lower in the restored channels than in the reference channels, and growth potential was more variable in the restored channels due to their more variable and warmer (2&deg;C) water temperatures. These results indicate that some&mdash;but not all&mdash;ecosystem attributes that are important for juvenile Pacific salmon can recover rapidly after large-scale tidal marsh restoration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.945663","usgsCitation":"David, A.T., Ellings, C., Woo, I., Simenstad, C.A., Takekawa, J.Y., Turner, K.L., Smith, A.L., and Takekawa, J.E., 2014, Foraging and growth potential of juvenile Chinook Salmon after tidal restoration of a large river delta: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 6, p. 1515-1529, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.945663.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1515","endPage":"1529","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-04-01","temporalEnd":"2012-07-31","ipdsId":"IP-051717","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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Christopher","contributorId":146989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellings","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":16766,"text":"Nisqually Indian Tribe, Dep't of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woo, Isa 0000-0002-8447-9236 iwoo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-9236","contributorId":2524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"Isa","email":"iwoo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simenstad, Charles A.","contributorId":88477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simenstad","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of 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