The relationship between body size and concentrations of Cu and Ag varied from strongly positive to strongly negative in four populations of the bivalve Macoma balthica in San Francisco Bay. The correlations appeared to be influenced by the degree of enrichment in tissues, size-dependent differences and seasonal variations in growth rate, and size-dependent differences in uptake rates. The use of benthic indicator organisms to assess metal contamination requires understanding the relationship between metal concentration and body size at least within each population, and in some cases within each sample from each population.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81774","usgsCitation":"Nervick, K.H., and Boler, F.M., 1981, Audio-magnetotelluric investigation of the North End Wilderness Study Area, Cochise County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-774, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81774.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416450,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75535.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":38363,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0774/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145704,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0774/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"North End Wilderness Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.3694,\n 32.1089\n ],\n [\n -109.3694,\n 32.0472\n ],\n [\n -109.28,\n 32.0472\n ],\n [\n -109.28,\n 32.1089\n ],\n [\n -109.3694,\n 32.1089\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db668918","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nervick, Kevin H.","contributorId":44533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nervick","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boler, Frances M.","contributorId":74373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boler","given":"Frances","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9445,"text":"ofr81820 - 1981 - Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9445,"text":"ofr81820 - 1981 - Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah","indexId":"ofr81820","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043525,"text":"70043525 - 1982 - Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah","indexId":"70043525","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70043525,"text":"70043525 - 1982 - Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah","indexId":"70043525","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T15:47:31.219495","indexId":"ofr81820","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-820","title":"Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah","docAbstract":"A study of the gains or losses of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals in the Leamington area, in Juab and Millard Counties, Utah, was made to determine changes in those reaches. Three to seven sets of seepage measurements made during 1980 were used in the analysis. Adjustments for fluctuations in flow were made from information obtained from water-stage recorders operated at selected locations during the time of each seepage run. The study showed an overall net gain of about 9 cubic feet per second\n(0.25 cubic meter per second) in the Sevier River and about 1.3 cubic feet per second (0.04 cubic meter per second) in the Leamington Canal. It also showed a net loss of about 7 cubic feet per second (0.20 cubic meter per second) in the Central Utah Canal and about 0.8 cubic foot per second (0.02 cubic meter per second) in the McIntyre Canal. The gains in the Sevier River and Leamington Canal probably come chiefly as return seepage of water lost from the Central Utah and McIntyre Canals.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr81820","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources and Energy, Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Herbert, L.R., Cruff, R., and Holmes, W.F., 1981, Seepage study of the Sevier River and the Central Utah, McIntyre, and Leamington Canals, Juab and Millard Counties, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-820, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81820.","productDescription":"14 p.","numberOfPages":"50","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406316,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0820/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405721,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75544.htm"},{"id":142204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0820/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Juab County, Millard County","otherGeospatial":"Central Utah Canal, Leamington Canal, McIntyre Canal, Sevier River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.50102996826172,\n 39.445738080447484\n ],\n [\n -112.50102996826172,\n 39.63345647307571\n ],\n [\n -112.22911834716797,\n 39.63345647307571\n ],\n [\n -112.22911834716797,\n 39.445738080447484\n ],\n [\n -112.50102996826172,\n 39.445738080447484\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb993","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herbert, L. R.","contributorId":39865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herbert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cruff, R.W.","contributorId":77510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cruff","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, Walter F.","contributorId":31737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":10473,"text":"ofr801256 - 1981 - Distribution and petrology of the Anderson-Coyote Reservoir volcanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-25T19:40:12.338087","indexId":"ofr801256","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1256","title":"Distribution and petrology of the Anderson-Coyote Reservoir volcanic rocks","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801256","usgsCitation":"Nakata, J.K., 1981, Distribution and petrology of the Anderson-Coyote Reservoir volcanic rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1256, x, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801256.","productDescription":"x, 130 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420171,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11506.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":38338,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1256/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38337,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1256/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143933,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1256/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Anderson-Coyote Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.667,\n 37.187\n ],\n [\n -121.667,\n 36.983\n ],\n [\n -121.456,\n 36.983\n ],\n [\n -121.456,\n 37.187\n ],\n [\n -121.667,\n 37.187\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649634","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakata, John K.","contributorId":32518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakata","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9948,"text":"ofr82115 - 1981 - Geohydrologic reconnaissance of Lake Mead National Recreation Area: Las Vegas Wash to Opal Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-31T19:02:46.754821","indexId":"ofr82115","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-115","title":"Geohydrologic reconnaissance of Lake Mead National Recreation Area: Las Vegas Wash to Opal Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"The study is a geohydrologic reconnaissance of about 170 square miles in the Lake Mead National Recreation Area from Las Vegas Wash to Opal Mountain, Nevada. The study is one of a series that describes the geohydrology of the recreation area and that indentifies areas where water supplies can be developed. Precipitation in this arid area is about 5 inches per year. Streamflow is seasonal and extremely variable except for that in the Colorado River, which adjoins the area. Pan evaporation is more than 20 times greater than precipitation; therefore, regional ground-water supplies are meager except near the Colorado River, Lake Mead, and Lake Mohave. Large ground-water supplies can be developed near the river and lakes, and much smaller supplies may be obtained in a few favorable locations farther from the river and lakes. Ground water in most of the areas probably contains more than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids, but water that contains less than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids can be obtained within about 1 mile of the lakes. Crystalline rocks of metamorphic, intrusive and volcanic origin crop out in the area. These rocks are overlain by conglomerate and mudstone of the Muddy Creek Formation, gravel and conglomerate of the older alluvium, and sand and gravel of the Chemehuevi Formation and younger alluvium. The crystalline rocks, where sufficiently fractured, yield water to springs and would yield small amounts of water to favorably located wells. The poorly cemented and more permeable beds of the older alluvium, Chemehuevi Formation, and younger alluvium are the better potential aquifers, particularly along the Colorado River and Lakes Mead and Mohave. Thermal springs in the gorge of the Colorado River south of Hoover Dam discharge at least 2,580 acre-feet per year of water from the volcanic rocks and metamorphic and plutonic rocks. The discharge is much greater than could be infiltrated in the drainage basin above the springs. Transbasin movement of ground water probably occurs , and perhaps the larger part of the spring discharge is underflow from Eldorado Valley. The more favorable sites for ground-water development are along the shores of Lakes Mead and Mohave and are the Fire Mountain, Opal Mountain to Aztec Wash, and Hemenway Wash sites. Wells yielding several hundred gallons per minute of water of acceptable chemical quality can be developed at these sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82115","usgsCitation":"Laney, R., 1981, Geohydrologic reconnaissance of Lake Mead National Recreation Area: Las Vegas Wash to Opal Mountain, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-115, Report: v, 23 p.; 1 Plate: 32.40 x 57.51 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82115.","productDescription":"Report: v, 23 p.; 1 Plate: 32.40 x 57.51 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420380,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13659.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":37723,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37722,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0115/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142377,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0115/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mead National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.6330,\n 36.167\n ],\n [\n -114.9167,\n 36.167\n ],\n [\n -114.9167,\n 35.55\n ],\n [\n -114.6330,\n 35.55\n ],\n [\n -114.6330,\n 36.167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c752","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laney, R. L.","contributorId":83889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laney","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10216,"text":"ofr8277 - 1981 - Simulative models for the analysis of ground-water flow in Vekol Valley, the Waterman Wash area, and the Bosque area, Maricopa and Pina Counties, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-24T21:48:23.367783","indexId":"ofr8277","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-77","title":"Simulative models for the analysis of ground-water flow in Vekol Valley, the Waterman Wash area, and the Bosque area, Maricopa and Pina Counties, Arizona","docAbstract":"Simulative ground-water flow models for Vekol Valley, the Waterman Wash area, and the Bosque area were developed for use in evaluating alternatives for developing a ground-water supply for the Ak-Chin Indian Community. The hydraulic properties of the basin-fill deposits used in the models were estimated primarily from aquifer tests made by the U.S. Geological Survey. Annual recharge to Vekol Valley and the Waterman Wash area is negligible in comparison to the quantity of water in storage and the quantity proposed to be pumped. The models are based on a three-dimensional, block-centered, finite-difference scheme. The Vekol Valley model was calibrated for steady-state onditions, and the Waterman Wash area model was calibrated for steady-state and transient conditions. The sensitivity of calibrated heads to changes in transmissivity was also investigated. An uncalibrated storage-depletion model was developed for the Bosque area. Simulated water levels for steady-state conditions average within 5 feet of measured values for Vekoi Valley and within 6 feet for the Waterman Wash area. Simulated water levels for transient conditions in the Waterman Wash area average within 8 feet of measured values for 15 years of analysis and within 15 feet for 24 years. Water-level declines simulated by the Waterman Wash area model average within 17 feet of those measured during the 24-year period, 1951-75.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8277","usgsCitation":"Matlock, D.T., 1981, Simulative models for the analysis of ground-water flow in Vekol Valley, the Waterman Wash area, and the Bosque area, Maricopa and Pina Counties, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-77, Report: vi, 77 p.; 14 Plates: 9.997 x 17.03 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8277.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 77 p.; 14 Plates: 9.997 x 17.03 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420140,"rank":17,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13824.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":38076,"rank":13,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38072,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38070,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38079,"rank":16,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38078,"rank":15,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38077,"rank":14,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38075,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38071,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38069,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38068,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38067,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38066,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142510,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38080,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38074,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38073,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0077/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Maricopa County, Pinal County","otherGeospatial":"Bosque area, Vekol Valley, Waterman Wash","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112,\n 33.467\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 33.467\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 32.5\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 32.5\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 33.467\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d9e4b07f02db5496a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matlock, D. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81604","usgsCitation":"Hewitt, J.E., Brooke, J., Knipmeyer, J., and Roy, P., 1981, Estimated oil and gas reserves, Gulf of Mexico outer continental shelf and continental slope, December 31, 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-604, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81604.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142120,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0604/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":466318,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0604/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.82442282720518,\n 30.474473013397755\n ],\n [\n -98.31285831169694,\n 30.474473013397755\n ],\n [\n -98.31285831169694,\n 25.15511748695546\n ],\n [\n -88.82442282720518,\n 25.15511748695546\n ],\n [\n -88.82442282720518,\n 30.474473013397755\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"No abstract available.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81706","usgsCitation":"Bourgeois, D., Melancon, R., Martin, W., and McDonald, P., 1981, Investigation of August 1980 blowout and fire, lease OCS-G 4065 Matagorda Island Block 669, Gulf of Mexico off the Texas coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-706, iii, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81706.","productDescription":"iii, 25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":466317,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0706/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0706/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Matagorda island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.68847379016451,\n 28.729932154553637\n ],\n [\n -95.68298221282795,\n 28.729932154553637\n ],\n [\n -95.68298221282795,\n 28.73354374537847\n ],\n [\n -95.68847379016451,\n 28.73354374537847\n ],\n [\n -95.68847379016451,\n 28.729932154553637\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.64597880306363,\n 28.70737317714864\n ],\n [\n -96.43951083038124,\n 28.70737317714864\n ],\n [\n -96.43951083038124,\n 28.35517406100736\n ],\n [\n -95.64597880306363,\n 28.35517406100736\n ],\n [\n -95.64597880306363,\n 28.70737317714864\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"No abstract available.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a72e4b07f02db642d48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":22303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, J. L.","contributorId":103240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camp, V.E.","contributorId":96237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hooper, P. R.","contributorId":65884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taubeneck, W.H.","contributorId":92535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taubeneck","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wright, T. L.","contributorId":11188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70140560,"text":"70140560 - 1981 - Volgograd and vicinity: a Landsat view","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:59:56","indexId":"70140560","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2306,"text":"Journal of Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volgograd and vicinity: a Landsat view","docAbstract":"Many diverse features can be discerned on the Landsat image of Volgograd and vicinity. Some of these features have resulted directly from man's alteration of the land surface in accordance with Stalin's and Khrushchev's plans for control of climate and for development in Volgograd and the surrounding area. Landsat images such as the one in this example provide the opportunity to inventory and assess man's imprint upon the land on a regional basis from a unique perspective.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00221348108980691","usgsCitation":"Dando, W.A., and Johnson, G., 1981, Volgograd and vicinity: a Landsat view: Journal of Geography, v. 80, no. 6, p. 235-237, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221348108980691.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"237","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","city":"Volgograd","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 41.15478515624999,\n 47.39834920035926\n ],\n [\n 41.15478515624999,\n 51.41291212935532\n ],\n [\n 47.35107421875,\n 51.41291212935532\n ],\n [\n 47.35107421875,\n 47.39834920035926\n ],\n [\n 41.15478515624999,\n 47.39834920035926\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c88e4b08de9379b385c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dando, William A.","contributorId":139116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dando","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Gary E.","contributorId":65007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Gary E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70139716,"text":"70139716 - 1981 - Remote sensing: a tool for park planning and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:00:44","indexId":"70139716","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3861,"text":"Parks","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing: a tool for park planning and management","docAbstract":"Remote sensing may be defined as the science of imaging or measuring objects from a distance. More commonly, however, the term is used in reference to the acquisition and use of photographs, photo-like images, and other data acquired from aircraft and satellites. Thus, remote sensing includes the use of such diverse materials as photographs taken by hand from a light aircraft, conventional aerial photographs obtained with a precision mapping camera, satellite images acquired with sophisticated scanning devices, radar images, and magnetic and gravimetric data that may not even be in image form. Remotely sensed images may be color or black and white, can vary in scale from those that cover only a few hectares of the earth's surface to those that cover tens of thousands of square kilometers, and they may be interpreted visually or with the assistance of computer systems. This article attempts to describe several of the commonly available types of remotely sensed data, to discuss approaches to data analysis, and to demonstrate (with image examples) typical applications that might interest managers of parks and natural areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Union for Conservation of Nature","usgsCitation":"Draeger, W.C., and Pettinger, L.R., 1981, Remote sensing: a tool for park planning and management: Parks, v. 6, no. 3, p. 1-6.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298704,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550aa1bee4b02e76d7590bfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Draeger, William C.","contributorId":46522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draeger","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pettinger, Lawrence R.","contributorId":18274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettinger","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70139922,"text":"70139922 - 1981 - Use of remote sensing for monitoring deforestation in tropical and subtropical latitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T15:00:21","indexId":"70139922","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3863,"text":"Ciencia Interamericana","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of remote sensing for monitoring deforestation in tropical and subtropical latitudes","docAbstract":"Of the three types of remotely sensed data discussed here, Landsat data offers the greatest potential for monitoring broad changes in extensive tropical forest environments because of its low-cost, synoptic, repetitive coverage. Scientists from developing countries can choose from a variety of Landsat data classification techniques, thus enabling each country to satisfy limitations on available funding, trained personnel, and equipment.
\n\n
Factors limiting the application of Landsat data—including relatively low spatial resolution, persistent cloud cover in tropical regions, inadequate coverage of certain areas due to data-acquisition restraints and lack of local Landsat data receiving stations for real-time data recording—must be considered in any proposed study. Future improvements in Landsat capabilities might extend present applications beyond distinction of forest vs. non-forest cover, determination of gross vegetation or forest type, and generalized land use mapping.
","language":"English","publisher":"Organización de los Estados Americanos, Departamento de Asuntos Científicos y Tecnológicos","usgsCitation":"Talbot, J.J., and Pettinger, L.R., 1981, Use of remote sensing for monitoring deforestation in tropical and subtropical latitudes: Ciencia Interamericana, v. 21, no. 1-4, p. 63-71.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"71","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550aa1c1e4b02e76d7590c0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, J. J.","contributorId":21045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Talbot","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pettinger, Lawrence R.","contributorId":18274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettinger","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70140575,"text":"70140575 - 1981 - The Lake Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T20:38:01.207911","indexId":"70140575","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Lake Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana","docAbstract":"The 1-m.y.-old Bosumtwi Crater, Ghana, has a nearly circular shape with a rim diameter of 11 km north-south and 10 km east-west. It is surrounded by a circular depression and an outer ridge of diameter 20 km. Polymict breccias averaging at least 20 m thick with clasts as much as 5 m long occur on the outer ridge, and the crater rim shows in situ shattered rock. Patches of suevite have been found in the circular depression north and south of the crater.
\nAnalogy with better-known craters suggests that Bosumtwi has a central uplift rising to 200 m beneath the lake floor. An aeromagnetic anomaly of amplitude 50 nanotesla (nT) over the northern half of the lake is interpreted as due to a layer of magnetized fallback breccia beneath the lake sediments. The normal polarity of the breccia shows that the crater was formed during the normal Jaramillo event of 0.97 to 0.85 m.y. ago, which agrees with the magnetic stratigraphy of the related Ivory Coast microtektites. A regional gravity survey indicates a negative Bouguer anomaly over the crater. There is some geochemical evidence that the meteorite was an iron, and its mass and energy are suggested as about 108 tons and 3 × 1019 joules or 7.3 × 103 megatons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<342:TLBICG>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Jones, W.B., Bacon, M., and Hastings, D.A., 1981, The Lake Bosumtwi impact crater, Ghana: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, no. 6, p. 342-349, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<342:TLBICG>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"342","endPage":"349","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ghana","otherGeospatial":"Lake Bosumtwi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -1.4539718627929688,\n 6.465763045384181\n ],\n [\n -1.4539718627929688,\n 6.5442189000405255\n ],\n [\n -1.3667678833007812,\n 6.5442189000405255\n ],\n [\n -1.3667678833007812,\n 6.465763045384181\n ],\n [\n -1.4539718627929688,\n 6.465763045384181\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c6ae4b08de9379b37bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, William B.","contributorId":139128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, Michael","contributorId":139129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bacon","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hastings, David A.","contributorId":138985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70140589,"text":"70140589 - 1981 - Evaluation of Landsat Multispectral Scanner data for mapping vegetated soil landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T14:47:26","indexId":"70140589","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of Landsat Multispectral Scanner data for mapping vegetated soil landscapes","docAbstract":"Landsat multispectral scanner data for Brazos County, Texas, were evaluated in terms of effectiveness for classifying soils on vegetated landscapes at three times during the year: a time of normally adequate soil water, a time of expected soil water deficit, and a time when soil water is normally being replenished. Six test sites were used to evaluate LARSYS supervised and unsupervised classification of vegetated soil landscapes. Open grassland soils were best separated in the fall during a period when soil moisture was being replenished after the summer period of soil water deficit. Woodland soils were separated by Landsat data in late spring when adequate moisture was available. However, a high degree of accuracy was not achieved using Landsat for separating soil map units. Accurate separation of soil mapping units on vegetated landscapes was not possible during late summer when soil water was deficient. Selected soil properties important to plant growth were separable on the test sites using June and October Landsat data. Particle size and soil moisture regime were separated at both dates. Soils with argillic horizons were separated from soils without argillic horizons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1981.03615995004500010020x","usgsCitation":"Thompson, D.R., Haas, R.H., and Milford, M.H., 1981, Evaluation of Landsat Multispectral Scanner data for mapping vegetated soil landscapes: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 45, no. 1, p. 91-95, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1981.03615995004500010020x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"95","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297874,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Brazos 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H.","contributorId":139147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milford","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168879,"text":"70168879 - 1981 - Earthquakes, July-August, 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-06T15:43:33","indexId":"70168879","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes, July-August, 1980","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1981, Earthquakes, July-August, 1980: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 2, p. 69-72.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"72","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56dd62bce4b015c306fa4b43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70164469,"text":"70164469 - 1981 - The 1906 earthquake at Palo Alto, California; an interview with Birge M. Clark","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-22T11:54:39","indexId":"70164469","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1906 earthquake at Palo Alto, California; an interview with Birge M. Clark","docAbstract":"Mr.Birge M. Clark, an architect in Palo Alto, Calif., was living in Palo Alto at the time of the 1906 earthquake. his father-in-law was Professor S. D. Townley, well known for his 1939 compilation, with Maxwell W. Allen, of earthquakes along the Pacific coast from 1769 to 1928.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Spall, H., 1981, The 1906 earthquake at Palo Alto, California; an interview with Birge M. Clark: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 2, p. 43-48.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"48","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Palo Alto","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.16659545898438,\n 37.50073805642874\n ],\n [\n -122.25414276123047,\n 37.4356124041315\n ],\n [\n -122.09175109863281,\n 37.338227037373784\n ],\n [\n -122.04883575439453,\n 37.42934208958977\n ],\n [\n -122.11029052734374,\n 37.47649287472636\n ],\n [\n -122.13226318359375,\n 37.50836412665648\n ],\n [\n -122.15080261230469,\n 37.50427882876826\n ],\n [\n -122.16659545898438,\n 37.50073805642874\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b5d65de4b0cc79998173a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spall, H.","contributorId":99290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169171,"text":"70169171 - 1981 - Earthquakes, July-August 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T16:02:50","indexId":"70169171","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes, July-August 1981","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1981, Earthquakes, July-August 1981: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 6, p. 228-230.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"230","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be33e4b0f59b85e02de5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169222,"text":"70169222 - 1981 - The seismicity of Ethiopia; active plate tectonics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-31T16:34:51","indexId":"70169222","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The seismicity of Ethiopia; active plate tectonics","docAbstract":"\"But I tell you, when you look at the way the pieces of the northeastern portion of the African continent seem to fit together, separated by a narrow gulf, you could almost make a believer [in continental drift] of anybody\" Astronaut Harrison Schmidt, on the view from Apollo 17.
\nEthiopia, descended from the semimythical Kingdom of Punt, lies at the strategic intersection of Schmidt's jigsaw puzzle where the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, and the African Rift System meet. Because of geologically recent uplift combined with rapid downcutting erosion by rivers, notably the Blue Nile (Abbay), Ethiopia is the most mountainous country in Africa. It is also the most volcanically active, while its historical seismicity matches that of the midocean ridges. And, in a sense, Ethiopia is host to an evoloving ocean ridge system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Mohr, P., 1981, The seismicity of Ethiopia; active plate tectonics: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 4, p. 124-133.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"133","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ethiopia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 43.1982421875,\n 11.43695521614319\n ],\n [\n 42.71484375,\n 10.531020008464989\n ],\n [\n 43.681640625,\n 9.232248799418674\n ],\n [\n 46.8017578125,\n 8.102738577783168\n ],\n [\n 47.8564453125,\n 7.972197714386879\n ],\n [\n 44.9560546875,\n 4.959615024698026\n ],\n [\n 43.33007812499999,\n 4.8282597468669755\n ],\n [\n 41.87988281249999,\n 4.039617826768437\n ],\n [\n 41.220703125,\n 3.9519408561575946\n ],\n [\n 40.869140625,\n 4.214943141390651\n ],\n [\n 39.90234375,\n 3.908098881894123\n ],\n [\n 39.375,\n 3.337953961416485\n ],\n [\n 36.826171875,\n 4.302591077119676\n ],\n [\n 35.9033203125,\n 4.565473550710278\n ],\n [\n 35.8154296875,\n 5.353521355337321\n ],\n [\n 35.419921875,\n 5.441022303717974\n ],\n [\n 34.8486328125,\n 6.35897532723566\n ],\n [\n 33.9697265625,\n 7.406047717076271\n ],\n [\n 33.134765625,\n 7.798078531355303\n ],\n [\n 33.134765625,\n 8.233237111274553\n ],\n [\n 33.9697265625,\n 8.537565350804018\n ],\n [\n 34.1455078125,\n 9.318990192397917\n ],\n [\n 34.189453125,\n 9.882275493429953\n ],\n [\n 34.27734375,\n 10.31491928581316\n ],\n [\n 34.541015625,\n 10.833305983642491\n ],\n [\n 34.892578125,\n 10.962764256386821\n ],\n [\n 35.0244140625,\n 11.73830237143684\n ],\n [\n 35.68359375,\n 12.726084296948184\n ],\n [\n 36.0791015625,\n 12.811801316582619\n ],\n [\n 36.474609375,\n 14.093957177836236\n ],\n [\n 37.08984375,\n 14.392118083661728\n ],\n [\n 37.3974609375,\n 14.3069694978258\n ],\n [\n 37.8369140625,\n 14.774882506516272\n ],\n [\n 38.5400390625,\n 14.477234210156507\n ],\n [\n 39.63867187499999,\n 14.519780046326085\n ],\n [\n 40.517578125,\n 14.392118083661728\n ],\n [\n 42.01171875,\n 12.940322128384627\n ],\n [\n 42.4072265625,\n 12.46876014482322\n ],\n [\n 42.01171875,\n 12.168225677390119\n ],\n [\n 41.8359375,\n 11.30770770776545\n ],\n [\n 42.1875,\n 10.919617760254685\n ],\n [\n 42.71484375,\n 11.049038346537106\n ],\n [\n 43.1982421875,\n 11.43695521614319\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be54e4b0f59b85e02f42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mohr, P.","contributorId":48195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohr","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171189,"text":"70171189 - 1981 - Introduction and summary: Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a factor in the reproduction and survival of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T13:12:18","indexId":"70171189","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Introduction and summary: Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a factor in the reproduction and survival of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Although lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were considered extinct in Lake Michigan by the mid 1950's, control of the parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and extensive restocking resulted in an abundance of hatchery-produced lake trout in the lake by the early 1970's. However, no naturally produced yearling or older lake trout have been found in the lake during nearly a decade of assessment sampling. Among the numerous hypotheses proposed to account for this apparent reproductive failure of the planted lake trout, a frequently suggested cause is the well-documented contamination of the fish by toxic substances such as DDT and its metabolites, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) at concentrations reported as adversely affecting the hatching of eggs and survival of larval fish. However, manually stripped and fertilized eggs of Lake Michigan lake trout have hatched successfully and the fry have survived normally under a variety of hatchery conditions. This observation led to studies at the Great Lakes Fishery Laboratory on the performance and survival of fry hatched from eggs of Lake Michigan lake trout and exposed for 6 months to PCB's (Aroclor 1254) and DDE at concentrations similar to those present in offshore waters and zooplankton of Lake Michigan (10.0 ng/L PCB's and 1.0 ng/L DDE in water; 1.0 μg/g PCB's and 0.1 μg/g DDE in food), and at concentrations 5 and 25 times higher. Cumulative mortality of the fry exposed to simulated Lake Michigan levels of PCB's and DDE for 6 months was 40.7% — nearly twice that of unexposed (control) fry — and mortality at the highest exposure level was 46.5%. Evaluation of the growth, swimming performance, predator avoidance, temperature preference, and metabolism of the fry showed no significant effects attributable to exposure to PCB's and DDE, except for a lowering of preferred temperature at the highest (25x) exposures (the only concentration tested) to each contaminant and (additively) both contaminants combined. Although several factors have undoubtedly contributed to the lack of recruitment of naturally produced lake trout in Lake Michigan, the levels of PCB's and DDE present during the early to mid 1970's were sufficient to significantly reduce survival of any fry produced in the lake and thereby impede restoration of the lake trout population to self-sustainability. The added exposure of the fry to other toxic substances known to be present in the lake could have further reduced survival.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a factor in the reproduction and survival of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Michigan","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Willford, W.A., Bergstedt, R.A., Berlin, W.H., Foster, N.R., Hesselberg, R.J., Mac, M.J., Passino, D.R., Reinert, R.E., and Rottiers, D.V., 1981, Introduction and summary: Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a factor in the reproduction and survival of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Michigan, chap. of Chlorinated hydrocarbons as a factor in the reproduction and survival of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Michigan, p. 1-7.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5746ccbde4b07e28b662dcea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willford, Wayne A.","contributorId":67446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willford","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berlin, William H.","contributorId":15574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, Neal R.","contributorId":67451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hesselberg, Robert J.","contributorId":36074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hesselberg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mac, Michael J.","contributorId":16772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Passino, Dora R. May","contributorId":23877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R. May","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reinert, Robert E.","contributorId":101214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinert","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rottiers, Donald V.","contributorId":10754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rottiers","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70169170,"text":"70169170 - 1981 - Earthquakes, March-April 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T16:53:31","indexId":"70169170","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes, March-April 1981","docAbstract":"There was on major earthquake (7.0-7.9) during this reporting period on April 24 in the Vanuatu Islands (formerly the New Hebrides islands). the series of strong earthquakes continued in Greece and caused additional casualties and damage, and Peru expereinced a moderate earthquake that caused fatalities and damage on April 18.
\nIn the United States, a damaging shock struck southern California on April 26.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1981, Earthquakes, March-April 1981: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 5, p. 195-198.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"198","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319325,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be34e4b0f59b85e02dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169265,"text":"70169265 - 1981 - Two examples of seismic zonation in the San Francisco Bay region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T12:45:13","indexId":"70169265","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two examples of seismic zonation in the San Francisco Bay region","docAbstract":"The science of earthquakes in complex, requiring data and research in seismology, geology, soil mechanics, geophysics, hydrology, and engineering. Nevertheless, if earthquake hazards are to be reduced, earth science information must be translated from scientific and technical language into a form that can be effectively used by planners and decisionmakers.
\nOut of the need to use earth science information in local and regional planning and decisionmaking came an experimental program-the San Francisco Bay Region Environment and Resources Planning Study. the study, begun in 1970, was jointly supported by the U.S Geological Survey and the U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development. The Association of Bay Area Governments and the planning firm of William Spangle and Associates, Inc., participated in the study and provided a liaison and communication link with other regional agencies and with local governments.
\nSince 1975, the composition of the core group within the U.S Geological Survey concerned with seismic zonation has evolved to include seismoloists and engineers concerned with probabilistic approaches to earthquake damage and a planner to assist in the information transfer from scientists and engineers to city, county, and regional planning staffs.
\nThree events have encouraged communities to attempt seismic zonation: passage of the Alquist Priolo Act by the California Legislature requiring special studies in zones encompassing potentially and recently active faults, preparation and adoption of seismic safety plan elements by cities and counties as required by California statute, and further development of a seismic zonation method. The method has four steps: postulating an earthquake of a given size and location; grouping geological materials with similar physical properties; predicting effects of the postulated earthquakes for each geologic unit by type of hazard of failure, namely surface rupture, ground shaking, flooding, liquefaction potential, and landsliding; and combining geologic effects by zones on the map (fig. 1).
\nExamples of seismic zonation at various scales by cities and counties in the San Francisco Bay region show that scientific information can be used effectively in avoiding earthquake hazards and mitigating damage. Six examples were presented at the Second International Conference on Microzonation in 1978 and reprinted in a Survey Circular on the progress on seismic zonation.
\nThe method has been used in California by the cities of Mountain View, Novator, and San Francisco and the counties of Marin, Santa Clara, and San Mateo to develop zones which were used as a basis for their general plans, seismic safety plans, development policies or odrinances. Two of these examples, a city and a county, are described here.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Kockelman, W., and Brabb, E.E., 1981, Two examples of seismic zonation in the San Francisco Bay region: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 3, p. 80-84.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"84","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.17321777343749,\n 38.496593518947556\n ],\n [\n -121.651611328125,\n 38.59970036588819\n ],\n [\n -121.0089111328125,\n 37.112145754751516\n ],\n [\n -121.90979003906249,\n 36.87522650673951\n ],\n [\n -122.0745849609375,\n 36.81368259124586\n ],\n [\n -123.255615234375,\n 38.47079371120379\n ],\n [\n -123.17321777343749,\n 38.496593518947556\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be56e4b0f59b85e02f5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kockelman, W. J.","contributorId":55427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kockelman","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brabb, E. E.","contributorId":43780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabb","given":"E.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}