Natural occurrences of ground water with moderate (10 to 50 micrograms per liter) to high (greater than 50 micrograms per liter) concentrations of arsenic are common throughout much of the Western United States. High concentrations of arsenic are generally associated with one of four geochemical environments: (1) basin-fill deposits of alluvial-lacustrine origin, particularly in semiarid areas, (2) volcanic deposits, (3) geothermal systems, and (4) uranium and gold-mining areas. These findings are based on an extensive literature review, compilation of unpublished reports and data, and the review of data bases containing more than 7,000 analyses of ground-water samples for arsenic. In the first two environments, arsenic appears to be associated with sediments derived, in part, from volcanic rocks of intermediate to acidic composition. Dissolved arsenic concentrations in water from volcanic aquifers in the same regions, however, may be low (less than 10 micrograms per liter). Solid phases (minerals, amorphous solids, and sedimentary organic matter) that supply the dissolved arsenic have not been identified in most areas. Alluvial and lacustrine sedimentary deposits appear to be an important source of arsenic in volcanic areas (such as Lane County, Oregon) and in areas underlain by basin-fill deposits (such as Carson Desert in Nevada and the Tulare Lake basin in California). Mobilization of arsenic in sedimentary aquifers may be, in part, a result of changes in the geochemical environment due to agricultural irrigation. In the deeper subsurface, elevated arsenic concentrations are associated with compaction caused by groundwater withdrawals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00397.x","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., Lico, M.S., and Hughes, J.L., 1988, Arsenic in ground water of the Western United States: Groundwater, v. 26, no. 3, p. 333-347, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00397.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"347","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 31.353636941500987\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df09e4b05ec79911d1ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lico, Michael S.","contributorId":75897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lico","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Jennifer L.","contributorId":189740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185907,"text":"70185907 - 1988 - Denitrification in a sand and gravel aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T17:01:17.637214","indexId":"70185907","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Denitrification in a sand and gravel aquifer","docAbstract":"Denitrification was assayed by the acetylene blockage technique in slurried core material obtained from a freshwater sand and gravel aquifer. The aquifer, which has been contaminated with treated sewage for more than 50 years, had a contaminant plume greater than 3.5-km long. Near the contaminant source, groundwater nitrate concentrations were greater than 1 mM, whereas 0.25 km downgradient the central portion of the contaminant plume was anoxic and contained no detectable nitrate. Samples were obtained along the longitudinal axis of the plume (0 to 0.25 km) at several depths from four sites. Denitrification was evident at in situ nitrate concentrations at all sites tested; rates ranged from 2.3 to 260 pmol of N2O produced (g of wet sediment)−1 h−1. Rates were highest nearest the contaminant source and decreased with increasing distance downgradient. Denitrification was the predominant nitrate-reducing activity; no evidence was found for nitrate reduction to ammonium at any site. Denitrifying activity was carbon limited and not nitrate limited, except when the ambient nitrate level was less than the detection limit, in which case, even when amended with high concentrations of glucose and nitrate, the capacity to denitrify on a short-term basis was lacking. These results demonstrate that denitrification can occur in groundwater systems and, thereby, serve as a mechanism for nitrate removal from groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.54.5.1071-1078.1988","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., and Duff, J., 1988, Denitrification in a sand and gravel aquifer: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 54, no. 5, p. 1071-1078, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.5.1071-1078.1988.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1071","endPage":"1078","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479985,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.5.1071-1078.1988","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ],\n [\n -70.68070167450198,\n 41.6945136775133\n ],\n [\n -70.6779581505853,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -70.67247110275133,\n 41.57353305884914\n ],\n [\n -70.70813691366979,\n 41.52630961823749\n ],\n [\n -70.6450358635835,\n 41.505766928716014\n ],\n [\n -70.60388300483176,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.5325513829955,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.46121976115928,\n 41.546845787507465\n ],\n [\n -70.42555395024084,\n 41.579690094800526\n ],\n [\n -70.33776118490337,\n 41.61661998392671\n ],\n [\n -70.26642956306715,\n 41.59610598773847\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 41.63302648454291\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 41.65967814379741\n ],\n [\n -70.00030774313942,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -69.93171964521983,\n 41.64942881033289\n ],\n [\n -69.91251497780193,\n 41.77231315298667\n ],\n [\n -69.94818078872038,\n 41.92150558094457\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 42.0316431803505\n ],\n [\n -70.08535698455957,\n 42.07034999451639\n ],\n [\n -70.1950979412309,\n 42.10089134374752\n ],\n [\n -70.25819899131719,\n 42.08256829852266\n ],\n [\n -70.26094251523384,\n 42.05609233347204\n ],\n [\n -70.21430260864811,\n 42.013300141541976\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 42.04183147085118\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 42.00718461934795\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 41.90721454025004\n ],\n [\n -70.04146060189117,\n 41.79277103595206\n ],\n [\n -70.21155908473149,\n 41.764128172257415\n ],\n [\n -70.25545546739986,\n 41.73751977314524\n ],\n [\n -70.41183633065691,\n 41.75184874318762\n ],\n [\n -70.4749373807432,\n 41.784588666019545\n ],\n [\n -70.5572430982467,\n 41.78254291035651\n ],\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc820e4b02ff32c68574e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":687060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duff, J.H.","contributorId":60377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duff","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185532,"text":"70185532 - 1988 - Iron photoreduction and oxidation in an acidic mountain stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T13:42:36","indexId":"70185532","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Iron photoreduction and oxidation in an acidic mountain stream","docAbstract":"In a small mountain stream in Colorado that receives acidic mine drainage, photoreduction of ferric iron results in a well-defined increase in dissolved ferrous iron during the day. To quantify this process, an instream injection of a conservative tracer was used to measure discharge at the time that each sample was collected. Daytime production of ferrous iron by photoreduction was almost four times as great as nighttime oxidation of ferrous iron. The photoreduction process probably involves dissolved or colloidal ferric iron species and limited interaction with organic species because concentrations of organic carbon are low in this stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.240.4852.637","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D., Kimball, B.A., and Bencala, K., 1988, Iron photoreduction and oxidation in an acidic mountain stream: Science, v. 240, no. 4852, p. 637-640, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.240.4852.637.","productDescription":"4 p. ","startPage":"637","endPage":"640","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338175,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"240","issue":"4852","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df09e4b05ec79911d1d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, D.M.","contributorId":189736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70122661,"text":"70122661 - 1988 - Determining instream flows for flushing of fines and channel maintenance: 1988 Progress Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T10:57:46","indexId":"70122661","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-21T10:56:38","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Determining instream flows for flushing of fines and channel maintenance: 1988 Progress Report","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Eighth Annual AGU Front Range Hydrology Days","conferenceTitle":"Eighth Annual AGU Front Range Hydrology Days","conferenceDate":"1988-04-19T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Hydrology Days Publications","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R.T., 1988, Determining instream flows for flushing of fines and channel maintenance: 1988 Progress Report, 16 p.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0d3e4b01f35f8fd696f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185533,"text":"70185533 - 1988 - Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T13:49:53","indexId":"70185533","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics","docAbstract":"Current understanding of transport processes in aquifers is limited by lack of precise point chemical concentration measurements. Recently, however, some careful measurements of vertical chemical concentration profiles have been made at several locations around the world that appear to support a consistent picture concerning the persistence of large vertical concentration gradients in aquifers and, by implication, the existence of very small vertical transverse dispersivities. These data were obtained in aquifers supporting microbial activity. Data analysis using a mathematical model which considers microbial degradation coupled to nutrient and oxygen transport indicates that a vertical transverse dispersivity on the order of 0.1 cm or less is consistent with the concentration gradients that were measured. The existence of such large gradients and low dispersivities is not consistent with the use of two-dimensional vertically averaged (areal) models as currently applied, especially if one is interested in the development of transport models with predictive capability beyond that associated with standard calibration and extrapolation. Even three-dimensional models with large vertical transverse dispersivities compared to those measured will produce results inconsistent with measurements. Microbial-chemical activity is very sensitive to concentration distributions. Smearing of the oxygen profile can result in the prediction of aerobic activity where, in fact, none exists.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR024i004p00615","usgsCitation":"Molz, F.J., and Widdowson, M.A., 1988, Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics: Water Resources Research, v. 24, no. 4, p. 615-619, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR024i004p00615.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"619","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338178,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df0ae4b05ec79911d1d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molz, Fred J.","contributorId":189737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molz","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185889,"text":"70185889 - 1988 - Discussion of \"Flume tests on hydrocarbon reaeration tracer gases\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T17:10:09","indexId":"70185889","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discussion of \"Flume tests on hydrocarbon reaeration tracer gases\"","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1988)114:2(473)","usgsCitation":"Rathbun, R.E., 1988, Discussion of \"Flume tests on hydrocarbon reaeration tracer gases\": Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 114, no. 2, p. 473-475, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1988)114:2(473).","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"473","endPage":"475","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc820e4b02ff32c685750","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathbun, Ronald E.","contributorId":59952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185535,"text":"70185535 - 1988 - Use of electrothermal vaporization-multiple-wavelength absorption spectrometry to qualitatively screen for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T14:46:39","indexId":"70185535","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of electrothermal vaporization-multiple-wavelength absorption spectrometry to qualitatively screen for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00168a015","usgsCitation":"Shekiro, J.M., Skogerboe, R.K., and Taylor, H.E., 1988, Use of electrothermal vaporization-multiple-wavelength absorption spectrometry to qualitatively screen for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 22, no. 3, p. 338-344, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00168a015.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"338","endPage":"344","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df0ae4b05ec79911d1d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shekiro, Joseph M.","contributorId":189738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shekiro","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skogerboe, Rodney K.","contributorId":189739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skogerboe","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185904,"text":"70185904 - 1988 - Discussion of \"Wind function for a sheltered stream\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T17:10:58","indexId":"70185904","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discussion of \"Wind function for a sheltered stream\"","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1988)114:1(229)","usgsCitation":"Rathburn, R., 1988, Discussion of \"Wind function for a sheltered stream\": Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 114, no. 1, p. 229-231, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1988)114:1(229).","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"229","endPage":"231","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc820e4b02ff32c685752","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathburn, R.E.","contributorId":47444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathburn","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70122382,"text":"70122382 - 1988 - Assessment of the role of bottomland hardwoods in sediment and erosion control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-26T16:48:57","indexId":"70122382","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T16:45:37","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"NERC-88/11","title":"Assessment of the role of bottomland hardwoods in sediment and erosion control","docAbstract":"Drainage and clearing of bottomland hardwoods have long been recognized by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) as important impacts of Federal water projects in the lower Mississippi River Valley. More recently, the water quality impacts of such projects (e.g., increases in sediments, nutrients, and pesticides) have also become of concern. In 1984, in an effort to better define problems concerning wetland losses and water degradation, EPA initiated a cooperative project with the Western Energy and Land Use Team (now the National Ecology Research Center) of the Service. Three phases of the project were identified:
\n1. To collect existing literature and data;
\n2. To select, develop, and test the utility of methods to quantify the relationships between land use, cover types, soils, hydrology, and water quality (as represented by sediment); and
\n3. To apply selected methodologies to several sites within the Yazoo Basin of Mississippi to determine the, potential effectiveness of various management alternatives to reduce sediment yield, increase sediment deposition, and improve water quality.
\nMethods development focused on linking a simulation of water and sediment movement to a computerized geographic information system. We had several objectives for the resulting model. We desired that it should:
\n1. Estimate the importance of bottomland and hardwoods as a cover type that performs the functions of erosion and sediment control,
\n2. Simulate effects of proportions of ' various cover types and their specific spatial configurations,
\n3. Be applicable to moderately large spatial areas with minimal site-specific calibration,
\n4. Simulate spatial patterns of sediment loss-gain over time, and
\n5. Represent both sediment detachment and transport.
\nWhile it was recognized that impacts and management alternatives could be sorted roughly into landscape measures and channel measures, the decision was made to focus study efforts mainly on landscape measures. Landscape measures include altered drainage and flooding patterns, altered cover types (e.g., conversion of bottomland hardwoods to agricultural crops, reforestation of cropland to bottomland hardwoods, and creation of riparian buffer strips), altered cropping and tillage patterns, altered routing of water, and creation of buffer strips along wetlands and channel margins. Channel measures include vegetative bank stabilization, grade control structures, and regulation of channel water volume and velocity.
\nDuring the first year of the study, EPA decided not to fund the third phase of the project. This required considerable rescoping of the project with the result that application of the sediment mobilization, routing, and deposition models to various management alternatives and portions of the Yazoo Basin was somewhat restricted. We believe, however, that this report will provide a good understanding of the various modes of sediment mobilization, transport, and deposition within the Yazoo Basin, as well as of the role of bottomland hardwoods. The model developed in this study could be applied to a variety of management or mitigation alternatives prior to implementation to determine their relative effectiveness. Policy, political, and socio-economic consequences of any proposed management/mitigation practice, however, must ultimately be taken into consideration by those charged with management of water resources within the Yazoo Basin before any practice is implemented. This study makes no effort to judge the feasibility of management alternatives in this regard.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Molinas, A., Auble, G.T., Segelquist, C., and Ischinger, L.S., 1988, Assessment of the role of bottomland hardwoods in sediment and erosion control, 116 p.","productDescription":"116 p.","numberOfPages":"116","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f43e4b0adaeea6c4de4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molinas, A.","contributorId":105235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molinas","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segelquist, C.A.","contributorId":108410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segelquist","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ischinger, Lee S.","contributorId":34054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ischinger","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70199825,"text":"70199825 - 1988 - Trace contaminants in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T20:48:15.435683","indexId":"70199825","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T10:22:01","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"26","title":"Trace contaminants in streams","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Civil engineering practice: Water resources/environmental","language":"English","publisher":"Technomic Press","publisherLocation":"Lancaster, Pennsylvania","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J.S., and Helliker, P., 1988, Trace contaminants in streams, chap. 26 of Civil engineering practice: Water resources/environmental, v. 5, p. 739-766.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"766","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357934,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c113025e4b034bf6a824e43","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cheremisinoff, Paul N.","contributorId":113106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheremisinoff","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746807,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, James S. 0000-0003-2502-1601 kuwabara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-1601","contributorId":3374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"James","email":"kuwabara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helliker, P.","contributorId":208342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helliker","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198538,"text":"70198538 - 1988 - Volcanic Rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T10:02:01","indexId":"70198538","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T08:48:37","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Volcanic Rocks","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The geology of North America: Geological Society of America","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., and Fernandez, L., 1988, Volcanic Rocks, chap. of The geology of North America: Geological Society of America, v. 0-2, p. 353-365.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"365","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"0-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c113025e4b034bf6a824e45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fernandez, L.A.","contributorId":206806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernandez","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198767,"text":"70198767 - 1988 - The biogeochemistry of methanogenic bacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-17T08:22:57","indexId":"70198767","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T08:21:52","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The biogeochemistry of methanogenic bacteria","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The biology of microorganisms ","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R.S., 1988, The biogeochemistry of methanogenic bacteria, chap. of The biology of microorganisms , p. 405-447.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"447","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c113025e4b034bf6a824e47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198766,"text":"70198766 - 1988 - Use of \"specific\" inhibitors in biogeochemistry and microbial ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-17T08:19:07","indexId":"70198766","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T08:17:33","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Use of \"specific\" inhibitors in biogeochemistry and microbial ecology","docAbstract":"The above statement, although meant to be tongue in cheek, contains an essential truism: all work with inhibitors is inherently suspect. This fact has been known by biochemists for some time. However, use of chemical inhibitors of enzymic systems and membranes continues to be a common approach taken toward unraveling the biochemistry and biophysics of plants, animals, and microorganisms. Various types of “broad-spectrum” biochemical inhibitors (e.g., poisons, respiratory inhibitors, and uncouplers) have been employed by ecologists for many years in order to demonstrate the active participation of microbes in chemical reactions occurring in natural samples (e.g., soils, sediments, and water). In recent years, considerable advances have been made in our understanding of the biochemistry of microorganisms of biogeochemical interest. Concurrent with these advances have been the discoveries of novel types of compounds that will block the metabolism of one particular group of microbes, but have little disruptive effect on other physiological types. Thus, the term “specific inhibitor” has been applied to these types of compounds when they are used to probe the functions of mixed populations of microorganisms. These substances provide powerful experimental tools for investigating the activity and function of certain types of microorganisms in natural samples.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in microbial ecology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-5409-3_8","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R.S., and Capone, D., 1988, Use of \"specific\" inhibitors in biogeochemistry and microbial ecology, chap. of Advances in microbial ecology, v. 10, p. 285-383, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5409-3_8.","productDescription":"99 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"383","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356567,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c113026e4b034bf6a824e49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capone, D.G.","contributorId":105876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capone","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185906,"text":"70185906 - 1988 - Partition of nonionic organic compounds in aquatic systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T13:59:55","indexId":"70185906","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5344,"text":"Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Partition of nonionic organic compounds in aquatic systems","docAbstract":"In aqueous systems, the distribution of many nonionic organic solutes in soil-sediment, aquatic organisms, and dissolved organic matter can be explained in terms of a partition model. The nonionic organic solute is distributed between water and different organic phases that behave as bulk solvents. Factors such as polarity, composition, and molecular size of the solute and organic phase determine the relative importance of partition to the environmental distribution of the solute. This chapter reviews these factors in the context of a partition model and also examines several environmental applications of the partition model for surface- and ground-water systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4612-3850-8_3","usgsCitation":"Smith, J., Witkowski, P.J., and Chiou, C.T., 1988, Partition of nonionic organic compounds in aquatic systems: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 103, p. 127-151, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3850-8_3.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc820e4b02ff32c685754","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, James A.","contributorId":68718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witkowski, Patrick J.","contributorId":60904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witkowski","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chiou, Cary T. 0000-0002-8743-0702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8743-0702","contributorId":189558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"Cary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185530,"text":"70185530 - 1988 - Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T17:18:15","indexId":"70185530","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite","docAbstract":"When hexadedyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) ion is exchanged for metal cations like calcium in smectite, the sorptive properties of the clay are greatly modified. The resultant HDTMA-smectite complex behaves as a dual sorbent, in the sorption of organic compounds, in which the mineral fraction functions as a solid adsorbent and the organic (HDTMA) phase as a partition medium. Capacities of mineral adsorption and partition uptake by HDTMA in the HDTMA-smectites are illustrated by sorption of benzene, trichloroethene (TCE), and water as vapors on the dry sample and by sorption of benzene and TCE from water. The exchanged HDTMA in clay is found to be a much more powerful partition medium than ordinary soil organic matter in the uptake of benzene and TCE. Based on this finding, HDTMA-smectite appears to be an effective sorbent for removing organic contaminants from water. It is suggested that such sorptive organo-clay complexes could be used to enhance the containment capabilities of clay landfill liners and bentonite slurry walls.
","language":"English","publisher":" Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200030010x","usgsCitation":"Boyd, S.A., Mortland, M.M., and Chiou, C.T., 1988, Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 52, no. 3, p. 652-657, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200030010x.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"652","endPage":"657","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338173,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df0ae4b05ec79911d1d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Stephen A.","contributorId":189671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mortland, Max M.","contributorId":189735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mortland","given":"Max","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chiou, Cary T. 0000-0002-8743-0702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8743-0702","contributorId":189558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"Cary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185534,"text":"70185534 - 1988 - Hydraulic conductivity of a sandy soil at low water content after compaction by various methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T14:26:43","indexId":"70185534","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydraulic conductivity of a sandy soil at low water content after compaction by various methods","docAbstract":"To investigate the degree to which compaction of a sandy soil influences its unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K, samples of Oakley sand (now in the Delhi series; mixed, thermic, Typic Xeropsamments) were packed to various densities and K was measured by the steady-state centrifuge method. The air-dry, machine packing was followed by centrifugal compression with the soil wet to about one-third saturation. Variations in (i) the impact frequency and (ii) the impact force during packing, and (iii) the amount of centrifugal force applied after packing, produced a range of porosity from 0.333 to 0.380. With volumetric water content θ between 0.06 and 0.12, K values were between 7 × 10−11 and 2 × 10−8 m/s. Comparisons of K at a single θ value for samples differing in porosity by about 3% showed as much as fivefold variation for samples prepared by different packing procedures, while there generally was negligible variation (within experimental error of 8%) where the porosity difference resulted from a difference in centrifugal force. Analysis involving capillary-theory models suggests that the differences in K can be related to differences in pore-space geometry inferred from water retention curves measured for the various samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200020001x","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., and Akstin, K.C., 1988, Hydraulic conductivity of a sandy soil at low water content after compaction by various methods: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 52, no. 2, p. 303-310, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200020001x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"310","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df0ae4b05ec79911d1d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akstin, Katherine C.","contributorId":88023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akstin","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26395,"text":"wri884023 - 1988 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Chilkat River basin, Southeast Alaska; with special reference to the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-24T21:47:35.932343","indexId":"wri884023","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4023","title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Chilkat River basin, Southeast Alaska; with special reference to the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve","docAbstract":"The Chilkat River Basin of Alaska is characterized by glaciers, highly dissected mountains with steep-gradient streams, and braided rivers in broad, alluvium-filled valleys. Orographic effects and a wide seasonal range in temperature cause variations in the amount and distribution of precipitation, and thus in the resulting runoff and streamflow. Seeps and springs flowing from alluvial fans contribute to streamflow year round. Infiltration of water from the Tsirku River and its distributary channels is the most important source of groundwater recharge on the river 's alluvial fan, 20 mi north of Haines. Groundwater discharge along the toe of the fan maintains open leads in a reach of the Chilkat River downstream from the fan. This ice-free reach provides spawning habitat for a late run of salmon, which in turn attracts the world 's largest concentration of bald eagles (more than 3,000 birds). Both surface and groundwater are a calcium bicarbonate type. Stream samples had dissolved-solids concentrations < 115 mg/L; values for groundwater were slightly greater. The glacier-fed Chilkat, Tsirku, and Klehini Rivers carry large concentrations of suspended sediment during periods of high flow.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884023","usgsCitation":"Bugliosi, E., 1988, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Chilkat River basin, Southeast Alaska; with special reference to the Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4023, v, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884023.","productDescription":"v, 38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414755,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46950.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55188,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4023/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4023/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, Chilkat River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -135.9833,\n 59.4242\n ],\n [\n -135.9833,\n 59.3572\n ],\n [\n -135.8333,\n 59.3572\n ],\n [\n -135.8333,\n 59.4242\n ],\n [\n -135.9833,\n 59.4242\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bugliosi, E. F.","contributorId":70738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bugliosi","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29153,"text":"wri894008 - 1988 - Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 1982 to 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-24T21:39:42.49658","indexId":"wri894008","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4008","title":"Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 1982 to 1985","docAbstract":"Aqueous chemical and radioactive wastes discharged since 1952 to unlined ponds and wells at the INEL (Idaho National Engineering Laboratory) have affected water quality in perched groundwater zones and in the Snake River Plain Aquifer. Routine waste water disposal was changed from deep injection wells to ponds at the ICPP (Idaho Chemical Processing Plant) in 1984. During 1982-85, tritium concentrations increased in perched groundwater zones under disposal ponds, but cobalt-60 concentrations decreased. In 1985, perched groundwater under TRA disposal ponds contained up to 1,770 ± 30 pCi/mL (picocuries/milliliter) of tritium and 0.36 ± 0.05 pCi/mL of cobalt-60.
During 1982-85, tritium concentrations in water in the Snake River Plain aquifer decreased as much as 80 pCi/mL near the ICPP. In 1985, measurable tritium concentrations ranged from 0.9 ± 0.3 to 93.4 ± 2.0 pCi/mL. Tritium was detected in groundwater near the southern boundary of the INEL, 9 miles south of the ICPP and TRA. Strontium-90 concentrations in groundwater, up to 63 ± 5 pCi/L (picocuries per liter) near the ICPP, generally were smaller than 1981 concentrations. Cesium-137 concentrations in groundwater near the ICPP ranged from 125 ± 14 to 237 ± 45 pCi/L. Maximum concentrations of plutonium-238 and plutonium-239 , -240 (undivided) were 1.31 ± .0019 pCi/ml and 1.9 ± 0.00003 pCi/L. Sodium and chloride generally decreased during 1982-85. Nitrate concentrations increased near the TRA and NRF (Naval Reactors Facility) and decreased near the ICPP.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894008","usgsCitation":"Pittman, J.R., Fischer, P.R., and Jensen, R.G., 1988, Hydrologic conditions at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 1982 to 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4008, vi, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894008.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414754,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47138.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58027,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124308,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4008/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Engineering Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.1917,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -113.1917,\n 43.4667\n ],\n [\n -112.4667,\n 43.4667\n ],\n [\n -112.4667,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -113.1917,\n 44\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e481fe4b07f02db4e0ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pittman, J. R.","contributorId":71571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pittman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fischer, P. R.","contributorId":68786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jensen, R. G.","contributorId":63799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44413,"text":"wri864314 - 1988 - Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 3: Altitude of the base of freshwater in Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T19:19:10.04064","indexId":"wri864314","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4314","title":"Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 3: Altitude of the base of freshwater in Louisiana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864314","usgsCitation":"Smoot, C.W., 1988, Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 3: Altitude of the base of freshwater in Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4314, 1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.90 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864314.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.90 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415861,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36634.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":81709,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4314/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":173691,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.046,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -94.046,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -94.046,\n 33\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db6409f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smoot, Charles W.","contributorId":88398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2000052,"text":"2000052 - 1988 - The Detroit River, Michigan: an ecological profile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:55","indexId":"2000052","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8,"text":"Biological Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"85(7.17)","title":"The Detroit River, Michigan: an ecological profile","docAbstract":"A part of the connecting channel system between Lake Huron and Lake Erie, the Detroit River forms an integral link between the two lakes for both humans and biological resources such as fish, nutrients, and plant detritus. This profile summarizes existing scientific information on the ecological structure and functioning of this ecosystem. Topics include the geological history of the region, climatic influences, river hydrology, lower trophic-level biotic components, native and introduced fishes, waterfowl use, ecological interrelationships, commercial and recreational uses of the river, and current management issues. Despite urbanization, the river still supports diverse fish, waterfowl, and benthic populations. Management issues include sewer overflows; maintenance dredging for navigation and port activities; industrial discharges of potentially hazardous materials; and wetland, fishery, and waterfowl protection and enhancement.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Manny, B.A., Edsall, T.A., and Jaworski, E., 1988, The Detroit River, Michigan: an ecological profile: Biological Report 85(7.17), 86 p.","productDescription":"86 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"86","numberOfPages":"86","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e54f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manny, Bruce A. 0000-0002-4074-9329 bmanny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":3699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"Bruce","email":"bmanny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaworski, Eugene","contributorId":103767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaworski","given":"Eugene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2000047,"text":"2000047 - 1988 - The St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair, Michigan: an ecological profile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:54","indexId":"2000047","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8,"text":"Biological Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"85(7.3)","title":"The St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair, Michigan: an ecological profile","docAbstract":"The St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair form a part of the connecting channel system between Lake Huron and Lake Erie. This report synthesizes existing information on the ecological structure and function of this ecosystem. Chapters include descriptions of climatology, hydrology, and geology of the region; biological characteristics; ecological relationships; and commercial and recreational uses, as well as discussions of management considerations and issues. The St. Clair system provides valuable habitat for migratory waterfowl and fish spawning and nurseries, and contains some of the most extensive emergent wetlands in the region. The system is used for navigation, municipal and industrial waste disposal, recreational boating, fishing and waterfowl hunting. Allowing for multiple human uses while maintaining important waterfowl and fish populations is the greatest challenge facing managers of this system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Edsall, T.A., Manny, B.A., and Raphael, N., 1988, The St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair, Michigan: an ecological profile: Biological Report 85(7.3), 130 p.","productDescription":"130 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"130","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67aa3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manny, Bruce A. 0000-0002-4074-9329 bmanny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":3699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"Bruce","email":"bmanny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raphael, Nicholas","contributorId":73065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raphael","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013656,"text":"70013656 - 1988 - Geochemistry of groundwater in tertiary and cretaceous sediments of the southeastern Coastal Plain in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-19T17:56:27","indexId":"70013656","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of groundwater in tertiary and cretaceous sediments of the southeastern Coastal Plain in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina","docAbstract":"Geochemical samples of groundwater taken along hydrologic flow paths in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina, from noncalcareous sand aquifers, largely of Cretaceous age, are dominated by sodium and bicarbonate ions. Calcareous sand aquifers, largely of Tertiary age, contain water whose chemistry is dominated by calcium and bicarbonate ions, but may evolve downgradient to sodium and bicarbonate dominance. Water chemistry in both types of aquifer evolves to sodium chloride dominance as a result of fresh water mixing with subsurface brines or seawater present in the deeper downgradient parts of the aquifers. Principal aqueous chemical reactions appear to occur in five reaction zones in the aquifers and include feldspar hydrolysis to kaolinite, calcite dissolution, calcium-for-sodium cation exchange, and neoformation of sodium smectite in the downgradient parts of the aquifers. Redox reactions produce dissolved iron concentrations greater than 1 mg/L near the recharge areas. Organic matter in the aquifers is oxidized to CO2 by iron reduction and sulfate reduction processes. Production of CO2 by a methanogenic process may also occur. Geochemical mass-transfer models simulating the observed chemistry in western Alabama and eastern Mississippi have been extended to account for higher concentrations of sodium and bicarbonate observed in the South Carolina part of the aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR024i002p00291","usgsCitation":"Lee, R.W., and Strickland, D.J., 1988, Geochemistry of groundwater in tertiary and cretaceous sediments of the southeastern Coastal Plain in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina: Water Resources Research, v. 24, no. 2, p. 291-303, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR024i002p00291.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"303","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Plain","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16fbe4b0c8380cd55337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Roger W.","contributorId":105273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strickland, Donald J.","contributorId":106560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strickland","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013655,"text":"70013655 - 1988 - Accumulation and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a nearshore estuarine environment near a Pensacola (Florida) creosote contamination site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T14:11:10","indexId":"70013655","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accumulation and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a nearshore estuarine environment near a Pensacola (Florida) creosote contamination site","docAbstract":"Long-term accumulation of creosote wastes at a wood-preserving facility near Pensacola, Florida, has produced high levels of organic contamination of groundwaters near Pensacola Bay. Impacts of this contamination on the nearshore environment of the bay were examined by analysis of water, sediment and tissues of two mollusc species. One of the species (Thais haemastoma) was native to the study area. Individuals of the other test species (Crassostrea virginica) were placed in cages at the test sites for a 6-week period. Contamination at the nearshore estuarine sites was assessed by comparison to a control site in an uncontaminated area of the bay, as well as a small stream which forms a direct surface-water link between the creosote storage ponds and the bay. The study focused on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), the primary components of creosote. Very little PAH in water or in the surface layer of estuarine sediments was detected, despite heavy pollution of the stream sediments. This is attributed to various degradation processes which attack the PAH compounds once they discharge into the estuary, and to the likelihood of intermittent and localised release of contaminants to the estuary. Examination of sediment cores and mollusc tissues, which provide a record integrated over time and space, revealed some accumulation of a few PAH, notably fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene and phenanthrene. In the sediments, the highest concentrations of these compounds appeared below the surface, within a depth range of 8-13 cm. Bioaccumulation of fluoranthene, pyrene and phenanthrene in both mollusc species was up to ten times greater at test sites than at the control site. This contrasts with naphthalene, the bioaccumulation of which was no greater at test sites than at the control site. These differences in bioaccumulation factors relate to structural chemistry of the compounds which control their solubility, bioavailability, susceptibility to degradation and capacity for depuration by the organism.Long-term accumulation of creosote wastes at a wood-preserving facility near Pensacola, Florida, has produced high levels of organic contamination of groundwaters near Pensacola Bay. Impacts of this contamination on the nearshore environment of the bay were examined by analysis of water, sediment and tissues of two mollusc species. Very little PAH in water or in the surface layer of estuarine sediments was detected, despite heavy pollution of the stream sediments. This is attributed to various degradation processes which attack the PAH compounds once they discharge into the estuary, and to the likelihood of intermittent and localized release of contaminants to the estuary. There was some accumulation of a few PAH, notably fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene and phenanthrene. In the sediments, the highest concentrations of these compounds appeared below the surface, within a depth range of 8-13 cm. Bioaccumulation of fluoranthene, pyrene and phenanthrene in both mollusc species was up to ten times greater at test sites than at the control site. Differences in bioaccumulation factors relate to structural chemistry of the compounds which control their solubility, bioavailability, susceptibility to degradation and capacity for depuration by the organism.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0269-7491(88)90244-8","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Elder, J.F., and Dresler, P., 1988, Accumulation and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a nearshore estuarine environment near a Pensacola (Florida) creosote contamination site: Environmental Pollution, v. 49, no. 2, p. 117-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(88)90244-8.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Pensacola","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.528076171875,\n 30.230594564932193\n ],\n [\n -86.759033203125,\n 30.230594564932193\n ],\n [\n -86.759033203125,\n 30.64736425824319\n ],\n [\n -87.528076171875,\n 30.64736425824319\n ],\n [\n -87.528076171875,\n 30.230594564932193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e672e4b0c8380cd47431","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elder, J. F.","contributorId":54143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dresler, P.V.","contributorId":106910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dresler","given":"P.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014713,"text":"70014713 - 1988 - Distribution, variability, and impacts of trace elements in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T17:20:50","indexId":"70014713","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution, variability, and impacts of trace elements in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-326X(88)90396-7","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., and Phillips, D., 1988, Distribution, variability, and impacts of trace elements in San Francisco Bay: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 19, no. 9, p. 413-425, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(88)90396-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"425","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.26660156249999,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 38.22091976683121\n ],\n [\n -123.26660156249999,\n 38.22091976683121\n ],\n [\n -123.26660156249999,\n 37.28279464911045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0326e4b0c8380cd50373","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, D.J.H.","contributorId":80829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"D.J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014711,"text":"70014711 - 1988 - Conductive heat flux in VC-1 and the thermal regime of Valles caldera, Jemez Mountains, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T14:35:56.974184","indexId":"70014711","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conductive heat flux in VC-1 and the thermal regime of Valles caldera, Jemez Mountains, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Over 5% of heat in the western United States is lost through Quaternary silicic volcanic centers, including the Valles caldera in north central New Mexico. These centers are the sites of major hydrothermal activity and upper crustal metamorphism, metasomatism, and mineralization, producing associated geothermal resources. We present new heat flow data from Valles caldera core hole 1 (VC-1), drilled in the southwestern margin of the Valles caldera. Thermal conductivities were measured on 55 segments of core from VC-1, waxed and wrapped to preserve fluids. These values were combined with temperature gradient data to calculate heat flow. Above 335 m, which is probably unsaturated, heat flow is 247±16 mW m−2. The only deep temperature information available is from an uncalibrated commercial log made 19 months after drilling. Gradients, derived from uncalibrated temperature logs, and conductivities are inversely correlated between 335 and 737 m, indicating a conductive thermal regime, and component heat fluxes over three depth intervals (335–539 m, 549–628 m, and 628–737 m) are in excellent agreement with each other with an average of 504±15 mW m−2. Temperature logs to 518 m depth with well-calibrated temperature sensors result in a revised heat flow of 463±15 mW m. We use shallow thermal gradient data from 75 other sites in and around the caldera to interpret the thermal regime at the VC-1 site. A critical review of published thermal conductivity data from the Valles caldera yields an average thermal conductivity of ≥1 W m−1 K−1 for the near-surface tuffaceous material, and we assume that shallow gradient values (°C km−1) are approximately numerically equal to heat flow (mW m−2). Heat loss from the caldera is asymmetrically distributed, with higher values (400 mW m−2 or higher) concentrated in the west-southwestern quadrant of the caldera. This quadrant also contains the main drainage from the caldera and the youngest volcanism associated with the caldera. We interpret the shallow thermal gradient data and the thermal regime at VC-1 to indicate a long-lived hydrothermal (and magmatic) system in the southwestern Valles caldera that has been maintained through the generation of shallow magma bodies during the long postcollapse history of the caldera. High heat flow at the VC-1 site is interpreted to result from hot water circulating below the base of the core hole, and we attribute the lower heat flow in the unsaturated zone to hydrologic recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB06p06027","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., and Morgan, P., 1988, Conductive heat flux in VC-1 and the thermal regime of Valles caldera, Jemez Mountains, New Mexico: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B6, p. 6027-6039, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB06p06027.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"6027","endPage":"6039","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225656,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f9b9e4b0c8380cd4d753","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":369067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, P.","contributorId":34096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}