Black duck (Anas rubripes) eggs were collected during 1978 in the Atlantic Flyway. One egg from each of 49 clutches was analyzed for organochlorine compounds and mercury. DDE was detected in 39 eggs, ranging from 0.09 ppm to 3.4 ppm, wet weight. DDE residues were highest in eggs from Delaware, where the mean DDE level was 2.0 ppm. DDT and TDE were present at Iow levels in only five and four eggs, respectively. PCBs resembling Aroclor 1260 were detected in 24 eggs and ranged from 0.43 ppm to 2.9 ppm. Eggs from Massachusetts and Rhode Island contained an average of >1.0 ppm PCBs, but eggs from Nova Scotia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia contained no detectable PCBs. Dieldrin, oxychlordane, and heptachlor epoxide were present in a few samples at low levels. Mercury was detected in 31 eggs, ranging from 0.07 ppm to 0.34 ppm, wet weight. Twenty eggs analyzed for chromium, copper, and arsenic contained averages of 0.64 ppm, 1.7 ppm, and 0.18 ppm, respectively. No geographic pattern was observed in these metal residue levels. Eggshell thickness (0.347 mm) was identical to the pre-1946 norm.
","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Haseltine, S.D., Mulhern, B., and Stafford, C., 1980, Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in black duck eggs from the Atlantic Flyway, 1978: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 14, no. 2, p. 53-57.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267911,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096883"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, Nova Scotia, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Flyway","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -59.0625,\n 45.42929873257377\n ],\n [\n -60.46875,\n 47.249406957888446\n ],\n [\n -57.12890625,\n 51.91716758909015\n ],\n [\n -65.126953125,\n 52.50953477032727\n ],\n [\n -67.236328125,\n 54.23955053156177\n ],\n [\n -64.423828125,\n 55.727110085045986\n ],\n [\n -63.984375,\n 58.69977573144006\n ],\n [\n -64.7314453125,\n 60.28340847828243\n ],\n [\n -73.740234375,\n 62.5325943454858\n ],\n [\n -78.837890625,\n 62.63376960786813\n ],\n [\n -78.44238281249999,\n 58.53959476664049\n ],\n [\n -79.4970703125,\n 54.49556752187406\n ],\n [\n -79.0576171875,\n 47.18971246448421\n ],\n [\n -76.7724609375,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -72.9052734375,\n 44.99588261816546\n ],\n [\n -73.5205078125,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -73.6083984375,\n 40.97989806962013\n ],\n [\n -75.1904296875,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -79.7607421875,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 42.32606244456202\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -79.5849609375,\n 39.67337039176558\n ],\n [\n -79.3212890625,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -78.0908203125,\n 39.50404070558415\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 37.61423141542417\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 37.47485808497102\n ],\n [\n -83.232421875,\n 36.73888412439431\n ],\n [\n -75.9375,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -70.048828125,\n 41.343824581185686\n ],\n [\n -59.0625,\n 45.42929873257377\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haseltine, S. D.","contributorId":80219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haseltine","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulhern, B.M.","contributorId":98683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulhern","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stafford, C.","contributorId":66367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":98347,"text":"wri801109 - 1980 - Hydrologic and land-cover features of the Loxahatchee River Basin, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-15T13:01:28","indexId":"wri801109","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1109","title":"Hydrologic and land-cover features of the Loxahatchee River Basin, Florida","docAbstract":"This map report represents the first published product of the Loxahatchee River estuary assessment, and primarily fulfills the first objective as outlined in the report. It presents an overview of the major physical features of the basin and presents selected information on the U.S. Geological Survey assessment. The report includes a photomosaic map with the names of major tributaries, the location of selected U.S. Geological Survey stations, basin and subbasin boundaries, and direction of surface-water flow. The scale of the map (1 inch = 1 mile) allows a synoptic view with adequate detail of physical features. The report also includes information on the types of soil and land use in the basinand on characteristics of the estuary. The map report provides a work base for future interpretive reports.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri801109","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, South Florida Water Management District, Palm Beach County, Jupiter Inlet District, Loxahatchee River Environmental Control District, Town of Jupiter, Village of Tequesta, Jupiter Inlet Colony, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"McPherson, B.F., and Sabanskas, M., 1980, Hydrologic and land-cover features of the Loxahatchee River Basin, Florida (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-1109, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri801109.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_80_1109.jpg"},{"id":13596,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri80-1109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611827","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPherson, Benjamin F.","contributorId":17965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sabanskas, Maryann","contributorId":31455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabanskas","given":"Maryann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159186,"text":"70159186 - 1980 - Survey of resampling techniques using MSS and synthetic imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-12T13:48:59","indexId":"70159186","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Survey of resampling techniques using MSS and synthetic imagery","docAbstract":"The objective of this survey is to investigate the methods of interpolation and deconvolution for image restoration The methods evaluated are nearest neighbor, bilinear interpolation, cubic convolution, and two-dimensional deconvolution. The effects of these restoration methods are demonstrated using Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data and synthetic imagery.
\nThe effect of these restoration methods are compared as to resolution and spatial frequency effects. The edge effect, a situation that occurs when fill (non-image) data is interpolated with image data, is also addressed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sioux Falls, South Dakota","doi":"10.3133/70159186","usgsCitation":"Bauer, B.P., 1980, Survey of resampling techniques using MSS and synthetic imagery, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159186.","productDescription":"37 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311254,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159186/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":310009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159186.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56237130e4b06217fc47dead","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauer, Brian P.","contributorId":58946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159185,"text":"70159185 - 1980 - Selected reading in agricultural applications of small-format aerial photography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-12T14:59:29","indexId":"70159185","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Selected reading in agricultural applications of small-format aerial photography","docAbstract":"This collection of material has been assembled in response to a growing.interest in the use of low-cost, small-format aerial photography in the management of agricultural resources. Together, these articles serve to document the prevailing level of interest in the subject and provide an insight as to what can reasonably be expected from the use of this powerful agricultural management tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sioux Falls, SD","doi":"10.3133/70159185","usgsCitation":"1980, Selected reading in agricultural applications of small-format aerial photography, ii, 87 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159185.","productDescription":"ii, 87 p.","numberOfPages":"90","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159185.jpg"},{"id":311257,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159185/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"tableOfContents":"ii Introduction
\n1 Infrared Photography of Field Crops
\n4 Low-Cost Aerial Photography for Agricultural Management
\n9 Now - Infrared Can Spot Your Crop Problems
\n12 Crops From Air
\n14 Aerial Color Slides Measure Crops
\n17 Infrared 'Spy-in-the-shy' Finds Farmers Crop Problems
\n19 Infrared Crop Photos You Can Do Yourself
\n21 Aerial Infrared Is Working
\n23 Citrus Project Makes Valley Infrared
\n27 Infrared Photography - A Modern Tool For Modern Irrigators
\n31 Remote Sensing
\n33 Check Trouble Spots With Infrared
\n35 It's Time To Consider Aerial Biosensing
\n38 What Infrared Photos Can Tell You
\n41 Why Not Take Your Own Aerial Photos
\n42 Infrared Film For Aerial Photography
\n44 Handling a Hot Potato
\n50 Ag's New Sky Spy
\n55 Infrared Proving Dealer Assist
\n60 Infrared Photography for Agricultural Production Management
\n66 Infrared Photos Prove Boon
\n67 A Comparison of 9-inch, 70 mm, and 35 mm Cameras
\n82 Small Format Aerial Photography: A Selected Bibliography
","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5623712ee4b06217fc47dea9","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Anderson, William H.","contributorId":9678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577788,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kroeger, Kevin J.","contributorId":94503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577789,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230171,"text":"5230171 - 1980 - Coastal and Marine Bird Data Base","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230171","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"80/39","title":"Coastal and Marine Bird Data Base","docAbstract":"Summary: This report discusses the development of a coastal and marine bird data base at the Migratory Bird and Habitat Research Laboratory. The system is compared with other data bases, and suggestions for future development, such as possible adaptations for other taxonomic groups, are included. The data base is based on the Statistical Analysis System but includes extensions programmed in PL/I. The Appendix shows how the system evolved. Output examples are given for heron data and pelagic bird data which indicate the types of analyses that can be conducted and output figures. The Appendixes include a retrieval language user's guide and description of the retrieval process and listing of translator program.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S., Geissler, P., and Dawson, D., 1980, Coastal and Marine Bird Data Base: FWS/OBS 80/39, vii, 54.","productDescription":"vii, 54","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, D.K. 0000-0001-7531-212X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-212X","contributorId":94752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5230169,"text":"5230169 - 1980 - Establishment, survival, and growth of selected browse species in a ponderosa pine forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5230169","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":73,"text":"Research Paper","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RM-219","title":"Establishment, survival, and growth of selected browse species in a ponderosa pine forest","docAbstract":"Information is presented on establishment, survival, and growth of seven selected browse species in a ponderosa pine forest over a 10-year period. Methods of establishment included hand seeding and planting bare-root and containerized stock. Success of different methods differed with shrub species.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","collaboration":"Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, CO. NTIS Accession Number: PB81-123390","usgsCitation":"Dietz, D., Uresk, D., Messner, H., and McEwen, L.C., 1980, Establishment, survival, and growth of selected browse species in a ponderosa pine forest: Research Paper RM-219, 11.","productDescription":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":94238,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951d029642335"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eb93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietz, D.R.","contributorId":105830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietz","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Uresk, D.W.","contributorId":63129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uresk","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Messner, H.E.","contributorId":104195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Messner","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McEwen, L. C.","contributorId":33414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5230128,"text":"5230128 - 1980 - The Palila: An endangered Hawaiian bird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T13:57:03","indexId":"5230128","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesNumber":"No. 215","title":"The Palila: An endangered Hawaiian bird","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
This plan has been prepared under the authority of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 and subsequent amendments. The Plan is designed to provide decision makers with an orderly set of events which, if carried out to a successful completion, will result in changing the status of the species from the endangered to the threatened level. It must be recognized that this Plan has been prepared 40 years after attempts to preserve the species began. As such, it covers events that have taken place, that are taking place, and that need to take place. The Plan, therefore, not only compiles in one place all whooping crane management and research efforts which are underway, but also proposes additional efforts needed for the recovery of the whooping crane. The Plan also establishes funding evels, time schedules, and priorities for each management and research effort.
The Plan is organized into three parts. the first part includes an account of the whooping crane's history, biology, present status, and the factors believed to have resulted in its endangered status. Also included in this part is a synopsis of research and management activities that have taken place through 1978.
The second part is a step-down pan wherein all existing and needed research and management efforts are organized into an orderly set of events. The prime objective is to move the whooping crane to non-endangered status. Minimum requirements for the attainment of this objective are the increase of the historical Wood Buffalo-Aransas population to at least 40 nesting pairs and the establishment of at least two additional, separate, and self-sustaining populations consisting of at least 20 nesting pairs each.
the third part identifies the responsibility, time schedule, and cost for each element of the step-down plan.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Olsen, D.L., Blankenship, D.R., Irby, H.D., Erickson, R.C., Lock, R., Drewien, R.C., and Smith, L.S., 1980, Whooping crane recovery plan, vi, 206.","productDescription":"vi, 206","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e486ce4b07f02db50afd9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Derrickson, Scott R.","contributorId":102590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derrickson","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":505785,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, David L.","contributorId":116002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blankenship, David R.","contributorId":146255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blankenship","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27800,"text":"National Audubon Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Irby, Harold D.","contributorId":140665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irby","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27442,"text":"Texas parks and Wildlife Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erickson, Ray C.","contributorId":119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erickson","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lock, Ross","contributorId":82648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lock","given":"Ross","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17640,"text":"Nebraska Game and Parks Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Drewien, Roderick C.","contributorId":195989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drewien","given":"Roderick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":342,"text":"Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Lawrence S.","contributorId":3511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":726777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70160689,"text":"70160689 - 1980 - Landsat image map of the Arabian Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-28T20:51:37","indexId":"70160689","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-29T00:15:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Landsat image map of the Arabian Peninsula","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Jiddah, Saudi Arabia","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, and Saudi Arabia. Mudīrīyah al-ʻĀmmah lil-Tharwah al-Maʻdinīyah, 1980, Landsat image map of the Arabian Peninsula, 22.44 x 25.98 inches.","productDescription":"22.44 x 25.98 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":312964,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"4000000","projection":"Lambert conformal conic","country":"Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen","otherGeospatial":"Persian Gulf, Red Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 35,\n 32\n ],\n [\n 35,\n 12\n ],\n [\n 61,\n 12\n ],\n [\n 61,\n 32\n ],\n [\n 35,\n 32\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56826b43e4b0a04ef4925b62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128240,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":583565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saudi Arabia. Mudīrīyah al-ʻĀmmah lil-Tharwah al-Maʻdinīyah","contributorId":147334,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Saudi Arabia. Mudīrīyah al-ʻĀmmah lil-Tharwah al-Maʻdinīyah","id":583566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160677,"text":"70160677 - 1980 - Landsat image map of the Southern Ḩijāz quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-28T18:00:22","indexId":"70160677","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Landsat image map of the Southern Ḩijāz quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Saudi Arabian Mission
Miscellaneous Map 32
Interagency Report 331
Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Three units, correlatable with recent Lake Champlain, late-glacial marine Champlain Sea, and proglacial Lake Vermont sediments, have been identified from about 200 km of high-resolution seismic reflection profiles and eight piston cores collected in southern Lake Champlain. Lake Vermont deposits are nonfossiliferous and range from thin to absent nearshore and on bedrock highs to more than 126 m thick near Split Rock Point. Champlain Sea sediments contain marine foraminifers and ostracodes and are fairly uniform in thickness (20–30 m). Recent Lake Champlain sediments range in thickness from 0 to 25 m. Average sedimentation rates for Lake Vermont are considerably higher (4–8 cm/yr) than those for the Champlain Sea (0.8–1.2 cm/yr) and Lake Champlain (0.14–0.15 cm/yr). Bedrock, till, and deltaic and alluvial deposits were also identified on the acoustic records but were not sampled. An unconformity separating Champlain Sea deposits from Lake Champlain deposits is associated with numerous benches at water depths of 20–30 m. These benches, the alluvial deposits, and the onset of deltaic deposition are probably associated with a low water level stillstand at the close of the Champlain Sea episode.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90050-2","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Freeman-Lynde, R.P., Hutchinson, D.R., Folger, D.W., Wiley, B., and Hewett, M., 1980, The origin and distribution of subbottom sediments in southern Lake Champlain: Quaternary Research, v. 14, no. 2, p. 224-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90050-2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"224","endPage":"239","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222301,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.40451946224272,\n 45.00541483750763\n ],\n [\n -73.49915994419439,\n 44.72744128823895\n ],\n [\n -73.44522146504349,\n 44.449541978720276\n ],\n [\n -73.38050347635054,\n 44.2660121027358\n ],\n [\n -73.503642280401,\n 44.076889042895814\n ],\n [\n -73.43624582493683,\n 43.88763615760968\n ],\n [\n -73.4808875071692,\n 43.837515368132074\n ],\n [\n -73.37372498923779,\n 43.84098971267329\n ],\n [\n -73.3752111149668,\n 43.781951976188616\n ],\n [\n -73.36133150921712,\n 44.03769432804951\n ],\n [\n -73.18789798484372,\n 44.426496345020944\n ],\n [\n -73.13685747836459,\n 45.00898127347486\n ],\n [\n -73.40451946224272,\n 45.00541483750763\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae60e4b08c986b324055","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman-Lynde, R. P.","contributorId":102203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman-Lynde","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Folger, D. W.","contributorId":97126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folger","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiley, B.H.","contributorId":33452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hewett, M.J.","contributorId":81252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewett","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70012300,"text":"70012300 - 1980 - Biostratigraphic correlation of Pleistocene marine deposits and sea levels, Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T16:34:21.813304","indexId":"70012300","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biostratigraphic correlation of Pleistocene marine deposits and sea levels, Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Marine ostracodes from 50 localities were studied to determine the age and elevation of Pleistocene sea levels in the Atlantic coastal plain from Maryland to northern Florida. Using ostracode taxon and concurrent ranges, published planktic biostratigraphic, paleomagnetic, and radiometric data, ostracode assemblage zones representing early (1.8-1.0 my), middle (0.7-0.4 my), and late (0.3-0.01 my) Pleistocene deposition were recognized and used as a basis for correlation. Ostracode biofacies signifying lagoonal, oyster bank, estuarine, open sound, and inner sublittoral environments provided estimated ranges of paleodepths for each locality. From these data the following minimum and maximum Pleistocene sea-level estimates were determined for the southeastern coastal plain: late Pleistocene, 2–10 m from Maryland to northern Florida; middle Pleistocene, 6–15 m in northern South Carolina; early Pleistocene, 4–22 m in central North Carolina, 13–35 m in southern North Carolina, and 6–27 m in South Carolina. Climatically induced glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations adequately account for the late Pleistocene sea-level data, but other factors, possibly differential crustal uplift, may have complicated the early Pleistocene record.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90030-7","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., 1980, Biostratigraphic correlation of Pleistocene marine deposits and sea levels, Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States: Quaternary Research, v. 13, no. 2, p. 213-229, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90030-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"229","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222711,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"outer Atlantic coastal plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.6682117014428,\n 39.72546615281436\n ],\n [\n -78.27306340052574,\n 39.72546615281436\n ],\n [\n -76.79283465669067,\n 35.80318518317111\n ],\n [\n -78.92672601079443,\n 34.211873008948075\n ],\n [\n -81.5678472539687,\n 32.31895649692177\n ],\n [\n -82.46579959616699,\n 30.334640126166143\n ],\n [\n -81.65380345742214,\n 28.88877856472959\n ],\n [\n -80.26494895491757,\n 28.984380993004663\n ],\n [\n -78.17025116547585,\n 32.633662226362965\n ],\n [\n -74.65942093769509,\n 34.989617964023566\n ],\n [\n -75.41645363794126,\n 37.717116373821035\n ],\n [\n -76.6682117014428,\n 39.72546615281436\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f198e4b0c8380cd4ad1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":363214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012162,"text":"70012162 - 1980 - Paleolimnology of two lakes in the Klutlan Glacier region, Yukon Territory, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T16:56:19.461224","indexId":"70012162","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleolimnology of two lakes in the Klutlan Glacier region, Yukon Territory, Canada","docAbstract":"Lakes developed on progressively younger end moraines of the Klutlan Glacier were initially assumed to have originated shortly after moraine emplacement and to have persisted to the present. Limnological differences between lakes on old vs young moraines were thought to result from limnological maturation within the lakes and ponds themselves and in response to the development of soils and vegetation on moraine surfaces. This study represents a paleolimnological test of this hypothesis. If true, the first-formed sediments of lakes on old moraines should be comparable to sediments presently forming in lakes on young moraines. Geochemical and paleontological studies of surface sediment to a series of lakes on progressively older moraines provide baseline information for comparing successive levels of lake sediment cores from older moraines. Results indicate that the time of lake initiation seldom reflects moraine age. Even on the oldest moraine (Harris Creek), lake basins are presently forming. Their sediment character more closely relates to the rapidity of basin formation due to melting of buried ice than to age of the lake itself or of the moraine on which it is situated. Vegetation and soil development play an important but secondary role in determining the character of lake sediments; rapid subsidence can convert humic-water lakes surrounded by second-generation spruce forests into turbid-water lakes with unstable, slumping margins. A detailed paleolimnological study of two lakes, one on the unglaciated upland and another in an outwash channel penetrating the oldest moraine, revealed progressive limnologic changes through time, suggesting that their basins were stable for 1200 and 400 yr, respectively. The changes in diatom stratigraphy of these lakes appear to relate to natural limnological changes associated with lake maturation and accumulation of nutrients as well as to changes in the surrounding vegetation and soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90011-3","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, J., and Whiteside, M., 1980, Paleolimnology of two lakes in the Klutlan Glacier region, Yukon Territory, Canada: Quaternary Research, v. 14, no. 1, p. 149-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90011-3.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"168","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222702,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Klutlan Glacier, Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -142.43870210452135,\n 61.38706588615386\n ],\n [\n -142.43870210452135,\n 60.25153104610189\n ],\n [\n -139.92555185207507,\n 60.25153104610189\n ],\n [\n -139.92555185207507,\n 61.38706588615386\n ],\n [\n -142.43870210452135,\n 61.38706588615386\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73ffe4b0c8380cd773a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, J.P.","contributorId":14431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiteside, M.C.","contributorId":20610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteside","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012299,"text":"70012299 - 1980 - Remote sensing data of SP Mountain and SP Lava flow in north-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T16:21:00.123841","indexId":"70012299","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing data of SP Mountain and SP Lava flow in north-central Arizona","docAbstract":"Multifrequency airborne radar image data of SP Mountain [Official name of feature (U.S. Geological Survey, 1970)] and SP flow (and vicinity) in north-central Arizona were obtained in diverse viewing directions and direct and cross-polarization, then compared with surface and aerial photography, LANDSAT multispectral scanner data, airborne thermal infrared imagery, surface geology, and surface roughness statistics. The extremely blocky, basaltic andesite of SP flow is significantly brighter on direct-polarization K-band (0.9-cm wavelength) images than on cross-polarized images taken simultaneously. Conversely, for the longer wavelength (25 cm) L-band radar images, the cross-polarization image returns from SP flow are brighter than the direct-polarized image. This effect is explained by multiple scattering and the strong wavelength dependence of polarization effects caused by the rectilinear basaltic andesite scatters. Two distinct types of surface relief on SP flow, one extremely blocky, the other subdued, are found to be clearly discriminated on the visible and thermal wavelength images but are separable only on the longer wavelength L-band radar image data. The inability of the K- and X- (3-cm wavelength) band radars to portray the differences in roughness between the two SP flow surface units is attributed to the radar frequency dependence of the surface-relief scale, which, described as the Rayleigh criterion, represents the transition between quasispecular and primarily diffuse backscatter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(80)90005-X","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Schaber, G.G., Elachi, C., and Farr, T., 1980, Remote sensing data of SP Mountain and SP Lava flow in north-central Arizona: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 9, no. 2, p. 149-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(80)90005-X.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"170","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222710,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"SP Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.66197290240515,\n 35.5996036542068\n ],\n [\n -111.66197290240515,\n 35.56964914772462\n ],\n [\n -111.60519861852526,\n 35.56964914772462\n ],\n [\n -111.60519861852526,\n 35.5996036542068\n ],\n [\n -111.66197290240515,\n 35.5996036542068\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6f8e4b0c8380cd8514b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaber, G. G.","contributorId":68300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaber","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elachi, C.","contributorId":104606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elachi","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farr, T.G.","contributorId":49932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farr","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012268,"text":"70012268 - 1980 - Local magnetic field measurements and fault creep observations on the San Andreas fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-28T16:55:22.37264","indexId":"70012268","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local magnetic field measurements and fault creep observations on the San Andreas fault","docAbstract":"Simultaneous creep and magnetic field records have been obtained for more than 60 episodic creep events since early 1974, no clear magnetic transients or offsets, as suggested by Breiner and Kovach (1968), are observed at or up to several days before the occurrence times of these events. Although some patterns of creep onset times at adjacent stations over periods of weeks to months appear to correspond to some periods of longer term change in local magnetic field, these changes do not always occur and other groups of creep events have no corresponding changes in local magnetic field. Changes in stress related to the surface expression of episodic fault creep on the San Andreas fault can be estimated from dislocation models fit to observations of simultaneous strains and tilts at points near the fault. These stress values are generally less than 1 bar. For these stress levels and with the apparent limited extent of surface failure, tectonomagnetic models of creep events indicate that simultaneous observations of related magnetic field variations at detectable levels of a gamma or so are unlikely. Slip at greater depth may occur more smoothly and would load the near-surface material to failure. These data also argue against large-scale dilatant cracking occurring along the region of the fault presently monitored.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(80)90261-9","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Johnston, M., Smith, B., and Burford, R.O., 1980, Local magnetic field measurements and fault creep observations on the San Andreas fault: Tectonophysics, v. 64, no. 1-2, p. 47-57, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(80)90261-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"57","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222247,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.73713059191894,\n 38.02623917115008\n ],\n [\n -122.18439556906878,\n 36.3530631585873\n ],\n [\n -121.0969511840688,\n 34.59516571202404\n ],\n [\n -120.06558593874688,\n 34.74603016116721\n ],\n [\n -119.3163371495885,\n 35.68691018922153\n ],\n [\n -119.80297574464274,\n 36.855714289156964\n ],\n [\n -120.54105784118713,\n 38.00779908036776\n ],\n [\n -122.73713059191894,\n 38.02623917115008\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48dde4b0c8380cd681a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, B.E.","contributorId":36495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burford, Robert O.","contributorId":52560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burford","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012301,"text":"70012301 - 1980 - Folding and faulting of strain-hardening sedimentary rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-28T16:50:17.539546","indexId":"70012301","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Folding and faulting of strain-hardening sedimentary rocks","docAbstract":"The question of whether single- or multi-layers of sedimentary rocks will fault or fold when subjected to layer-parallel shortening is investigated by means of the theory of elastic-plastic, strain-hardening materials, which should closely describe the properties of sedimentary rocks at high levels in the Earth's crust. The most attractive feature of the theory is that folding and faulting, intimately related in nature, are different responses of the same idealized material to different conditions.
When single-layers of sedimentary rock behave much as strain-hardening materials they are unlikely to fold, rather they tend to fault, because contrasts in elasticity and strength properties of sedimentary rocks are low. Amplifications of folds in such materials are negligible whether contacts between layer and media are bonded or free to slip for single layers of dolomite, limestone, sandstone, or siltstone in media of shale. Multilayers of these same rocks fault rather than fold if contacts are bonded, but they fold readily if contacts between layers are frictionless, or have low yield strengths, for example due to high pore-water pressure. Faults may accompany the folds, occurring where compression is increased in cores of folds. Where there is predominant reverse faulting in sedimentary sequences, there probably were few structural units.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(80)90196-1","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A.M., 1980, Folding and faulting of strain-hardening sedimentary rocks: Tectonophysics, v. 62, no. 3-4, p. 251-278, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(80)90196-1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"278","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222712,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"western California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.66235217286965,\n 35.13697468307856\n ],\n [\n -120.66235217286965,\n 34.41970472815909\n ],\n [\n -120.05840999930592,\n 34.41970472815909\n ],\n [\n -120.05840999930592,\n 35.13697468307856\n ],\n [\n -120.66235217286965,\n 35.13697468307856\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12afe4b0c8380cd543d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Arvid M.","contributorId":99547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Arvid","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}