West Dongting Lake in China is important for human livelihoods and habitat of migratory waterfowl and other wildlife. The waterway re-engineering and agriculture intensification have contributed to changes in hydrology, sediment, and vegetation on the floodplain. This paper describes an EcoPartnership program conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, and Beijing Forestry University. It focused on the development of a wetland ecosystem network in West Dongting Lake with technical support from the U.S. partner using a number of related studies to examine wetland vegetation dynamics from upstream to downstream along the tributaries. The results of U.S. studies showed that the regeneration potential of species might be altered by changes in climate and local environment, and seed bank depletion by germination may be a major conservation threat in a future with recurring droughts in swamps of the southeastern United States. In the monsoonal wetlands of West Dongting Lake, the soil seed bank could be used as a seed source for revegetation after hydrologic restoration with the introduction of certain foundational species and the removal of poplar plantations. Also, West Dongting Lake is at high ecological risk of mercury pollution. Wetland ecosystem monitoring may allow managers to use the information to predict effects of climate change, water level and flow changes on sedimentation, and to manage for desired vegetation to support waterfowl and ecosystem services. The cooperation of two countries through the EcoPartnership program is now well established and poised for extensive research projects in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Chemical Engineers","doi":"10.1002/ep.13673","usgsCitation":"Lei, T., and Middleton, B., 2021, A U.S.-China EcoPartnership study of disturbed wetland vegetation in West Dongting Lake, China: Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, v. 40, no. 5, e13673, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.13673.","productDescription":"e13673, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119570","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"West Dongting Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 111.93695068359375,\n 28.71829174815013\n ],\n [\n 112.33245849609375,\n 28.71829174815013\n ],\n [\n 112.33245849609375,\n 29.1281717828162\n ],\n [\n 111.93695068359375,\n 29.1281717828162\n ],\n [\n 111.93695068359375,\n 28.71829174815013\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lei, Ting","contributorId":245022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lei","given":"Ting","affiliations":[{"id":40912,"text":"Beijing Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Middleton, Beth 0000-0002-1220-2326","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":222689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70223143,"text":"70223143 - 2021 - Spring phenology drives range shifts in a migratory Arctic ungulate with key implications for the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-14T16:51:40.1867","indexId":"70223143","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-16T07:48:07","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring phenology drives range shifts in a migratory Arctic ungulate with key implications for the future","docAbstract":"Annual variation in phenology can have profound effects on the behavior of animals. As climate change advances spring phenology in ecosystems around the globe, it is becoming increasingly important to understand how animals respond to variation in the timing of seasonal events and how their responses may shift in the future. We investigated the influence of spring phenology on the behavior of migratory, barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus), a species that has evolved to cope with short Arctic summers. Specifically, we examined the effect of spring snow melt and vegetation growth on the current and potential future space-use patterns of the Porcupine Caribou Herd (PCH), which exhibits large, inter-annual shifts in their calving and post-calving distributions across the U.S.–Canadian border. We quantified PCH selection for snow melt and vegetation phenology using machine learning models, determined how selection resulted in annual shifts in space-use, and then projected future distributions based on climate-driven phenology models. Caribou exhibited strong, scale-dependent selection for both snow melt and vegetation growth. During the calving season, caribou selected areas at finer scales where the snow had melted and vegetation was greening, but within broader landscapes that were still brown or snow covered. During the post-calving season, they selected vegetation with intermediate biomass expected to have high forage quality. Annual variation in spring phenology predicted major shifts in PCH space-use. In years with early spring phenology, PCH predominately used habitat in Alaska, while in years with late phenology, they spent more time in Yukon. Future climate conditions were projected to advance spring phenology, shifting PCH calving and post-calving distributions further west into Alaska. Our results demonstrate that caribou selection for habitat in specific phenological stages drive dramatic shifts in annual space-use patterns, and will likely affect future distributions, underscoring the importance of maintaining sufficient suitable habitat to allow for behavioral plasticity.
In 2017, Mount Agung produced a small (VEI 2) eruption that was preceded by an energetic volcano-tectonic (VT) swarm (>800 earthquakes per day up to M4.9) and two months of declining activity. The period of decreased seismic activity complicated forecasting efforts for scientists monitoring the volcano. We examine the time history of earthquake families at Mount Agung in search of additional insight into the temporal changes in the shallow crust prior to eruption. Specifically, we analyze the period of declining seismic activity about five weeks prior to the eruption when forecasting uncertainty was greatest. We use REDPy (Hotovec-Ellis and Jeffries, 2016) to build a catalog of 6,508 earthquakes from 18 October 2017–15 February 2018 and group them into families of repeating earthquakes based on waveform similarity using a cross-correlation coefficient threshold of 0.8. We show that the evolution of earthquake families provides evidence that Mount Agung was progressing toward eruption even though overall earthquake rates and seismic-energy-release declined. We find that earthquake families that dominated seismicity during the beginning of the crisis ceased near the onset of tremor on 12 November 2017. Then, earthquake families took on characteristics commonly observed during effusive phases of eruptions on 15 November—a full six days before the first phreatomagmatic eruption on 21 November 2017 and a full ten days before the actual onset of lava effusion on 25 November 2017. We interpret the transitions in seismicity as the manifestation of a three-phase physical model including an Intrusion Phase, a Transition Phase, and a Eruptive Phase. During the Intrusion Phase, seismicity was dominated by VT earthquakes with a relatively high percentage of repeaters (59%) grouped into numerous (65) simultaneous families. During the Eruptive Phase, seismicity included both VT and low frequency earthquakes that grouped into relatively long-lived families despite a low overall percentage of repeaters (14%). The Transition Phase exhibited characteristics of earthquake families between the Intrusion Phase and Eruptive Phase. We conclude that the time history of earthquake families provides insight into the evolution of the stress distribution in the volcanic edifice, the development of the volcanic conduit, and seismogenesis of magma effusion. Finally, we discuss the role that repeating earthquakes could play in real-time monitoring at restless volcanoes. Our work suggests eruption forecasts can be improved by incorporating automatic processing codes to assist seismologists during sustained periods of high earthquake rates, even at sparsely monitored volcanoes.
Dissolved calcium concentration [Ca2+] is thought to be a major factor limiting the establishment and thus the spread of invasive bivalves such as zebra (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga (Dreissena bugensis) mussels. We measured [Ca2+] in 168 water samples collected along ~100 river-km of the lower Columbia River, USA, between June 2018 and March 2020. We found [Ca2+] to range from 13 to 18 mg L−1 during summer/fall and 5 to 22 mg L−1 during the winter/spring. Previous research indicates that [Ca2+] < 12 mg L−1 are likely to limit the establishment and spread of invasive bivalves. Thus, our results indicate that there is sufficient Ca2+ in most locations in the lower Columbia River to support the establishment of invasive dreissenid mussels, which could join the already widespread and abundant Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) as the newest invader to an already heavily invaded Columbia River ecosystem. These new data provide important measurements from a heretofore undersampled region of the Columbia River and have important implications for the spread of invasive bivalves and, by extension, the conservation and management of native species and ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3804","usgsCitation":"Bollens, S.M., Harrison, J., Kramer, M.G., Rollwagen-Bollens, G., Counihan, T., Robb-Chavez, S.B., and Nolan, S.T., 2021, Calcium concentrations in the lower Columbia River, USA, are generally sufficient to support invasive bivalve spread: River Research and Applications, v. 37, no. 6, p. 889-894, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3804.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"889","endPage":"894","ipdsId":"IP-126009","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387455,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"southern Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.96972656249999,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -117.8173828125,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -117.8173828125,\n 46.9502622421856\n ],\n [\n -123.96972656249999,\n 46.9502622421856\n ],\n [\n -123.96972656249999,\n 45.336701909968134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bollens, Stephen M. 0000-0001-9214-9037","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9214-9037","contributorId":148958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bollens","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, John A.","contributorId":261389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"John A.","affiliations":[{"id":52831,"text":"Washington State University - Vancouver, School of the Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kramer, Marc G.","contributorId":261390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kramer","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":52831,"text":"Washington State University - Vancouver, School of the Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rollwagen-Bollens, Gretchen","contributorId":190162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rollwagen-Bollens","given":"Gretchen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":819948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Counihan, Timothy D. 0000-0003-4967-6514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-6514","contributorId":207532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"Timothy D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robb-Chavez, Salvador B.","contributorId":261391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robb-Chavez","given":"Salvador","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":52831,"text":"Washington State University - Vancouver, School of the Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nolan, Sean T.","contributorId":261392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolan","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":52831,"text":"Washington State University - Vancouver, School of the Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70227731,"text":"70227731 - 2021 - The effect of group size on reproduction in cooperatively breeding gray wolves depends on density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T12:42:29.807496","indexId":"70227731","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-16T06:39:28","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of group size on reproduction in cooperatively breeding gray wolves depends on density","docAbstract":"In cooperatively breeding species, large group size is often positively related to reproductive success and group persistence. We have a poor understanding, however, of how group sizes within a population affect reproduction particularly as density varies. We hypothesized that at low densities, wolves in both small and large groups would have similar reproductive rates. At high densities, however, wolves in small groups would have lower reproductive rates compared to those in large groups. Using empirical data from radio-collared wolves in Idaho and Yellowstone National Park, WY, USA (1996–2012), we compared reproductive rates (i.e. proportion reproducing, litter size, pup survival) among small and large groups of wolves as density fluctuated within the populations. Reproductive rates were generally lower for individuals in small groups compared to those in large groups, particularly as density increased. Pup survival, however, was slightly higher for wolves in small groups compared to large groups except at very high densities. Polygamy increased with density regardless of group size, suggesting a polygamy threshold for wolves. Large group size resulted in less parturition failure, more breeding females per group, larger litter sizes, and ultimately more pups recruited per group. Large group size appears advantageous for several, but not all, aspects of reproduction particularly when population density is high.
The unprecedented size of the 2017 wildfires that burned nearly 600,000 hectares of central Chile highlight a need to better understand the climatic conditions under which large fires develop. Here we evaluate synoptic atmospheric conditions at the surface and free troposphere associated with anomalously high (active) versus low (inactive) months of area burned in south-central Chile (ca. 32–41° S) from the Chilean Forest Service (CONAF) record of area burned from 1984–2018. Active fire months are correlated with warm surface temperatures, dry conditions, and the presence of a circumpolar assemblage of high-pressure systems located ca. 40°–60° S. Additionally, warm surface temperatures associated with active fire months are linked to reduced strength of cool, onshore westerly winds and an increase in warm, downslope Andean Cordillera easterly winds. Episodic warm downslope winds and easterly wind anomalies superimposed on long-term warming and drying trends will continue to create conditions that promote large fires in south-central Chile. Identifying the mechanisms responsible for easterly wind anomalies and determining whether this trend is strengthening due to synoptic-scale climatic changes such as the poleward shift in Southern Hemisphere westerly winds will be critical for anticipating future large fire activity in south-central Chile.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/fire4020028","usgsCitation":"McWethy, D.B., Garreaud, R., Holz, A., and Pederson, G.T., 2021, Broad-scale surface and atmospheric conditions during large fires in south-central Chile: Fire, v. 4, no. 2, 28, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4020028.","productDescription":"28, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118749","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4020028","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.47656249999999,\n -38.13455657705412\n ],\n [\n -75.234375,\n -47.5172006978394\n ],\n [\n -72.421875,\n -53.2257684357902\n ],\n [\n -71.54296874999999,\n -46.195042108660154\n ],\n [\n -71.71875,\n -39.368279149160124\n ],\n [\n -73.47656249999999,\n -38.13455657705412\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McWethy, David B.","contributorId":207232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McWethy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garreaud, Rene 0000-0002-7875-2443","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7875-2443","contributorId":261363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garreaud","given":"Rene","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37346,"text":"Universidad de Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holz, Andres 0000-0002-8587-2603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-2603","contributorId":261366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holz","given":"Andres","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70223781,"text":"70223781 - 2021 - Surface water with more natural temperatures promotes physiological and endocrine changes in landlocked Atlantic salmon smolts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T20:28:54.694355","indexId":"70223781","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-14T15:03:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface water with more natural temperatures promotes physiological and endocrine changes in landlocked Atlantic salmon smolts","docAbstract":"Hatchery salmonid smolts are often reared using groundwater with elevated temperatures to maximize growth. Previous work has shown that rearing hatchery smolts in surface water with a more natural thermal regime resulted in increased return rates of adult landlocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We evaluated whether landlocked Atlantic salmon reared in surface water with a natural temperature regime have altered physiological smolt characteristics compared with fish reared in groundwater with elevated winter temperatures. Hatchery fish were sampled three consecutive years from January to May. Additional fish were released as smolts, recaptured, and compared with fry-stocked smolts. Surface water smolts had earlier peaks of plasma T4, lower T3 levels, later peak cortisol, and lower gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity as compared with groundwater smolts. After release and recapture, surface water fish had elevated plasma T4 and gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity compared with groundwater fish, but less than stream-reared fish. Elevated plasma T4 in surface water fish in the hatchery and after release may have promoted imprinting and other aspects of smolt development, contributing to the higher adult return rates of a cohort reared in surface water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2020-0295","usgsCitation":"Regish, A.M., Ardren, W.R., Staats, N.R., Bouchard, H., Withers, J.L., Castro-Santos, T.R., and McCormick, S.D., 2021, Surface water with more natural temperatures promotes physiological and endocrine changes in landlocked Atlantic salmon smolts: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 78, no. 6, p. 775-786, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0295.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"775","endPage":"786","ipdsId":"IP-122416","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388973,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","city":"Newark, Pittsford","otherGeospatial":"Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife Bald Hill Fish Culture Station","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.9937515258789,\n 44.67158278684375\n ],\n [\n -71.87255859375,\n 44.67158278684375\n ],\n [\n -71.87255859375,\n 44.746245565030684\n ],\n [\n -71.9937515258789,\n 44.746245565030684\n ],\n [\n -71.9937515258789,\n 44.67158278684375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.06062698364258,\n 43.70256765579351\n ],\n [\n -72.99985885620117,\n 43.70256765579351\n ],\n [\n -72.99985885620117,\n 43.72682433969664\n ],\n [\n -73.06062698364258,\n 43.72682433969664\n ],\n [\n -73.06062698364258,\n 43.70256765579351\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ardren, William R.","contributorId":184180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ardren","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822780,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenberg, Larry","contributorId":265472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenberg","given":"Larry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822781,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Regish, Amy M. 0000-0003-4747-4265","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-4265","contributorId":265360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regish","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ardren, William R.","contributorId":184180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ardren","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staats, Nicholas R","contributorId":265362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Staats","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bouchard, Henry","contributorId":265365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouchard","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Withers, Jonah L.","contributorId":265471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Withers","given":"Jonah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Castro-Santos, Theodore R. 0000-0003-2575-9120 tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":3321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Theodore","email":"tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70220496,"text":"70220496 - 2021 - Modeling of future COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths, by vaccination rates and nonpharmaceutical intervention scenarios — United States, April–September 2021","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-17T15:55:08.190065","indexId":"70220496","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-14T11:54:33","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8598,"text":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of future COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths, by vaccination rates and nonpharmaceutical intervention scenarios — United States, April–September 2021","docAbstract":"What is already known about this topic?
Increases in COVID-19 cases in March and early April occurred despite a large-scale vaccination program. Increases coincided with the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants and relaxation of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).
What is added by this report?
Data from six models indicate that with high vaccination coverage and moderate NPI adherence, hospitalizations and deaths will likely remain low nationally, with a sharp decline in cases projected by July 2021. Lower NPI adherence could lead to substantial increases in severe COVID-19 outcomes, even with improved vaccination coverage.
What are the implications for public health practice?
High vaccination coverage and compliance with NPIs are essential to control COVID-19 and prevent surges in hospitalizations and deaths in the coming months.
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We evaluated effects of elk and bison herbivory on narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia) communities in a semiarid ecosystem in southern Colorado. Cottonwoods in this ecosystem have been aged at ≥300 years old and are among the oldest cottonwood trees in North America. We compared browsing intensity and structural and productivity responses of cottonwood to ungulate herbivory. We compared responses in sites with elk and bison, sites with elk but no bison, and sites where both ungulates were excluded. We found that the majority of browsing on cottonwood occurred during summer in this high desert ecosystem. Areas with both elk and bison had higher browse utilization than areas with only elk, but diet data indicated that elk consumed a much greater proportion of cottonwood than bison. Overall, browse utilization observed in this study was low to moderate compared to other studies, and our results may not be representative of sites experiencing intense year-round herbivory. Removal of all ungulate herbivory led to taller and denser cottonwood suckers; however, other environmental factors, in addition to herbivory, still strongly limit cottonwood growth and recruitment in this ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.081.0109","usgsCitation":"Zeigenfuss, L.C., and Schoenecker, K., 2021, Effects of elk and bison herbivory on narrowleaf cottonwood: Western North American Naturalist, v. 81, no. 1, p. 97-112, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.081.0109.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-080677","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes ecosystem of the San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.80795288085936,\n 37.615319243559085\n ],\n [\n -105.40557861328125,\n 37.615319243559085\n ],\n [\n -105.40557861328125,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -105.80795288085936,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -105.80795288085936,\n 37.615319243559085\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeigenfuss, Linda C.","contributorId":280062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":57415,"text":"LZ Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoenecker, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-9906-911X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-911X","contributorId":202531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kathryn A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220663,"text":"70220663 - 2021 - Tectonostratigraphic record of late Miocene–early Pliocene transtensional faulting in the Eastern California shear zone, southwestern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T16:14:26.440735","indexId":"70220663","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-14T08:31:52","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonostratigraphic record of late Miocene–early Pliocene transtensional faulting in the Eastern California shear zone, southwestern USA","docAbstract":"The Eastern California shear zone (ECSZ; southwestern USA) accommodates ~20%–25% of Pacific–North America relative plate motion east of the San Andreas fault, yet little is known about its early tectonic evolution. This paper presents a detailed stratigraphic and structural analysis of the uppermost Miocene to lower Pliocene Bouse Formation in the southern Blythe Basin, lower Colorado River valley, where gently dipping and faulted strata provide a record of deformation in the paleo-ECSZ. In the western Trigo Mountains, splaying strands of the Lost Trigo fault zone include a west-dipping normal fault that cuts the Bouse Formation and a steeply NE-dipping oblique dextral-normal fault where an anomalously thick (~140 m) section of Bouse Formation siliciclastic deposits filled a local fault-controlled depocenter. Systematic basinward thickening and stratal wedge geometries in the western Trigo and southeastern Palo Verde Mountains, on opposite sides of the Colorado River valley, record basinward tilting during deposition of the Bouse Formation. We conclude that the southern Blythe Basin formed as a broad transtensional sag basin in a diffuse releasing stepover between the dextral Laguna fault system in the south and the Cibola and Big Maria fault zones in the north. A palinspastic reconstruction at 5 Ma shows that the southern Blythe Basin was part of a diffuse regional network of linked right-stepping dextral, normal, and oblique-slip faults related to Pacific–North America plate boundary dextral shear. Diffuse transtensional strain linked northward to the Stateline fault system, eastern Garlock fault, and Walker Lane, and southward to the Gulf of California shear zone, which initiated ca. 7–9 Ma, implying a similar age of inception for the paleo-ECSZ.
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To test whether the absence of keystone predation due to disease produced changes to the species composition of rocky intertidal communities, we leverage a natural experiment involving mass mortality of the keystone predator Pisaster ochraceus from Sea Star Wasting Syndrome. Over four years, we measured dimensions of mussel beds, sizes of Mytilus californianus, mussel recruitment, and species composition on vertical rock walls at six rocky intertidal sites on the central California coast. We also assessed the relationship between changes in mussel cover and changes in sea star density across 33 sites along the North American Pacific coast using data from long-term monitoring. After four years, the lower boundary of the central California mussel beds shifted downward toward the water 18.7 ± 15.8 cm (SD) on the rock and 11.7 ± 11.0 cm in elevation, while the upper boundary remained unchanged. In central California, downward expansion and total area of the mussel bed were positively correlated with mussel recruitment but were not correlated with pre-disease sea star density or biomass. At a multi-region scale, changes in mussel percent cover were positively correlated with pre-disease sea star densities but not change in densities. Species composition of primary substrate holders and epibionts below the mussel bed remained similar across years. Extirpation of the community below the bed did not occur. Instead, this community became limited to a smaller spatial extent while the mussel bed expanded.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105363","usgsCitation":"Moritsch, M.M., 2021, Expansion of intertidal mussel beds following disease-driven reduction of a keystone predator: Marine Environmental Research, v. 169, 105363, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105363.","productDescription":"105363, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126316","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105363","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -129.990234375,\n 50.064191736659104\n ],\n [\n -125.33203125,\n 47.754097979680026\n ],\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -128.232421875,\n 55.677584411089526\n ],\n [\n -134.912109375,\n 55.27911529201561\n ],\n [\n -129.990234375,\n 50.064191736659104\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -123.31054687499999,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -123.31054687499999,\n 46.49839225859763\n ],\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 46.49839225859763\n ],\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 42.09822241118974\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.3984375,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -125.5078125,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 35.67514743608467\n ],\n [\n -118.65234374999999,\n 32.32427558887655\n ],\n [\n -116.27929687499999,\n 32.39851580247402\n ],\n [\n -116.71874999999999,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -121.9921875,\n 37.78808138412046\n ],\n [\n -123.3984375,\n 41.83682786072714\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"169","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moritsch, Monica Mei Jeen 0000-0002-3890-1264","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3890-1264","contributorId":225210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moritsch","given":"Monica","email":"","middleInitial":"Mei Jeen","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70220504,"text":"70220504 - 2021 - Emerging dominance of Paratrochammina simplissima (Cushman and McCulloch) in the northern Gulf of Mexico following hydrologic and geomorphic changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:07:15.741437","indexId":"70220504","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-14T07:25:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8601,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal, and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Emerging dominance of Paratrochammina simplissima (Cushman and McCulloch) in the northern Gulf of Mexico following hydrologic and geomorphic changes","title":"Emerging dominance of Paratrochammina simplissima (Cushman and McCulloch) in the northern Gulf of Mexico following hydrologic and geomorphic changes","docAbstract":"Grand Bay estuary in coastal Mississippi and Alabama (USA) has undergone significant geomorphic changes over the last few centuries as a result of anthropogenic (bridge, road, and hardened shoreline construction) and climatic (extreme storm events) processes, which reduce freshwater input, sediment supply, and degrade barrier islands. To investigate how geomorphic changes may have altered the Grand Bay estuary, sediment push cores were collected for foraminiferal, sedimentological (organic matter content, grain-size distribution), and radiochemical (210Pb,137Cs, and 7Be) analyses. Clay normalized geochronologies were determined with a constant rate of supply model. Based on downcore age-depth relationships, select intervals were analyzed for foraminifera in order to assess alterations in the microfossil assemblage in Grand Bay estuary over the 20th Century. All estuarine samples were low diversity (species richness: 1–10; Fisher's alpha diversity: 0.14–1.75); two species, Ammotium salsum and Paratrochammina simplissima, dominated all downcore assemblages. Paratrochammina simplissima increased in abundance up-core from a minor subsidiary species (median = 4.7% at 19–20 cm) to dominant or co-dominant with A. salsum over the 20th and early 21st Centuries in six cores, comprising up to 60.7% of a single sample. The emerging dominance of P. simplissima since ~1950 along with the reduction of brackish-estuarine taxa and introduction of calcareous species signifies increased salinity and less marsh organic matter preserved in the sediments. While seasonal dissolution limits our ability to chronologically constrain the introduction of calcareous species, P. simplissima, a species not referenced in taxonomic data from the northern Gulf of Mexico until 2012, is well constrained, following its first occurrence in the 1930s.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107312","usgsCitation":"Ellis, A.M., and Smith, C., 2021, Emerging dominance of Paratrochammina simplissima (Cushman and McCulloch) in the northern Gulf of Mexico following hydrologic and geomorphic changes: Estuarine, Coastal, and Shelf Science, v. 255, 107312, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107312.","productDescription":"107312, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-123715","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385701,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.52484130859375,\n 29.99062347853047\n ],\n [\n -88.363037109375,\n 29.99062347853047\n ],\n [\n -88.363037109375,\n 30.38709188778112\n ],\n [\n -89.52484130859375,\n 30.38709188778112\n ],\n [\n -89.52484130859375,\n 29.99062347853047\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"255","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, Alisha M. 0000-0002-1785-020X aellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-020X","contributorId":192957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Alisha","email":"aellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":218439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220865,"text":"70220865 - 2021 - Heat flux from a vapor-dominated hydrothermal field beneath Yellowstone Lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-26T12:24:30.798807","indexId":"70220865","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-14T07:13:52","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flux from a vapor-dominated hydrothermal field beneath Yellowstone Lake","docAbstract":"We report results from 149 heat flux measurements made over n ∼2-year interval at sites in and around a vapor-dominated geothermal field located at water depths of ∼100–120 m in Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming. Measurements of both in situ temperature and thermal conductivity as a function of depth were made with a 1 m probe via a remotely operated vehicle, and are combined to compute the vertical conductive heat flux. Inside the ∼55.5 × 103 m2 bathymetric depression demarcating the vapor-dominated field, the median conductive flux is 13 W m−2, with a conductive output of 0.72 MW. Outside the thermal field, the median conductive flux is 3.5 W m−2. We observed 49 active vents inside the thermal field, with an estimated mass discharge rate of 56 kg s−1, a median exit-fluid temperature of 132°C, and a total heat output of 29 MW. We find evidence for relatively weak secondary convection with a total output of 0.09 MW in thermal area lake floor sediments. Our data indicate that vapor beneath the thermal field is trapped by a low-permeability cap at a temperature of ∼189°C and a depth of ∼15 m below the lake floor. The thermal output of the Deep Hole is among the highest of any vapor-dominated field in Yellowstone, due in part to the high boiling temperatures associated with the elevated lake floor pressures.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020JB021098","usgsCitation":"Favorito, J.E., Harris, R.N., Sohn, R.A., Hurwitz, S., and Luttrell, K., 2021, Heat flux from a vapor-dominated hydrothermal field beneath Yellowstone Lake: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 126, no. 5, e2020JB021098, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB021098.","productDescription":"e2020JB021098, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125194","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jb021098","text":"External Repository"},{"id":385976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.62957763671875,\n 44.25306865928177\n ],\n [\n -110.1434326171875,\n 44.25306865928177\n ],\n [\n -110.1434326171875,\n 44.65888542068506\n ],\n [\n -110.62957763671875,\n 44.65888542068506\n ],\n [\n -110.62957763671875,\n 44.25306865928177\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Favorito, Julia E.","contributorId":258789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Favorito","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Robert N. 0000-0002-4641-1425","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4641-1425","contributorId":258790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sohn, Robert A. 0000-0002-9050-8603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9050-8603","contributorId":258792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sohn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luttrell, Karen 0000-0003-1405-1207","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1405-1207","contributorId":258797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luttrell","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70231206,"text":"70231206 - 2021 - The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground motion models in the western US","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T11:58:19.866725","indexId":"70231206","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-14T06:51:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground motion models in the western US","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) is the scientific foundation of seismic design regulations in the United States and is regularly updated to consider the best available science and data. The 2018 update of the conterminous U.S. NSHM includes significant changes to the underlying ground motion models (GMMs), most of which are necessary to enable the new multi-period response spectra (MPRS) requirements of seismic design regulations that use hazard results for 22 spectral periods and eight site classes. This article focuses on the GMMs used in the western United States (WUS) and is a companion to a recent article on the GMMs used in the central and eastern United States (CEUS). In the WUS, for crustal and subduction earthquakes, two models used in previous versions of the NSHM are excluded to provide consistency over all considered periods and site classes. To more accurately estimate ground motions at long periods in the vicinity of Los Angeles, San Francisco, Salt Lake City, and Seattle, the 2018 NSHM incorporates deep sedimentary basin depth from local seismic velocity models. The subduction GMMs considered lack basin depth terms and are modified to include an additional scale factor to account for this. This article documents the WUS GMMs used in the 2018 NSHM update and provides detail on the changes to GMM medians, aleatory variability, epistemic uncertainty, and site-effect models. It compares each of these components with those considered in prior NSHMs and discusses their total effect on hazard.
During May-October 1996, we captured and individually marked and released Florida Tree Snails, Liguus fasciatus, from two sites, a subclimax hammock and a large isolated wild tamarind tree, in the Long Pine Key region of Everglades National Park. Populations shared the same two dominant morphs, castaneozonatus and. cingulatus, both of which are strong colonizers. Monthly survivorship between the two sites were comparable, although annual survivorship was lower on the isolated tree. Intersite differences in growth rates were equivocal. The populations differed with respect to number of morphs, population size, and population structure. The hammock site was a subclimax hammock with a large and stable bell-shaped population structure comprising nine morphs. In contrast, the population structure of the single tree was highly skewed, with many young individuals produced, intermediate ages absent, and few large adults of larger asymptotic size present. Number of snails/m was higher on the isolated tree. Demographic studies of the Florida Tree Snail are uncommon. Our findings corroborate certain aspects of the ecology of this species and clarify two different demographic responses, one of stability, and one of apparent resource limitation whose demography represents opportunities for colonization.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bailey-Matthews National Shell Museum","usgsCitation":"Meshaka, W.E., Rice, K.G., Bass, O., and Waddle, H., 2021, Demographic responses to density-dependence by two populations of the Florida Tree Snail, Liguus fasciatus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae), in Everglades National Park: The Nautilus, v. 135, no. 1, p. 1-10.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-120151","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.3482666015625,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -80.44464111328125,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -80.44464111328125,\n 25.9926124897092\n ],\n [\n -81.3482666015625,\n 25.9926124897092\n ],\n [\n -81.3482666015625,\n 25.095548539604252\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"135","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meshaka, Walter E.","contributorId":215660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meshaka","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":39300,"text":"Section of Zoology and Botany, State Museum of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-8282-1088 krice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-1088","contributorId":117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Kenneth","email":"krice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bass, Oron L.","contributorId":287679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bass","given":"Oron L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waddle, Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":209861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"Hardin","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70229797,"text":"70229797 - 2021 - Short-term responses to a human-altered landscape do not affect fat dynamics of a migratory ungulate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-17T15:17:17.029465","indexId":"70229797","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-13T10:11:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short-term responses to a human-altered landscape do not affect fat dynamics of a migratory ungulate","docAbstract":"Transcriptomic data has demonstrated utility to advance the study of physiological diversity and organisms’ responses to environmental stressors. However, a lack of genomic resources and challenges associated with collecting high-quality RNA can limit its application for many wild populations. Minimally invasive blood sampling combined with de novo transcriptomic approaches has great potential to alleviate these barriers. Here, we advance these goals for marine turtles by generating high quality de novo blood transcriptome assemblies to characterize functional diversity and compare global transcriptional profiles between tissues, species, and foraging aggregations.
We generated high quality blood transcriptome assemblies for hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), loggerhead (Caretta caretta), green (Chelonia mydas), and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) turtles. The functional diversity in assembled blood transcriptomes was comparable to those from more traditionally sampled tissues. A total of 31.3% of orthogroups identified were present in all four species, representing a core set of conserved genes expressed in blood and shared across marine turtle species. We observed strong species-specific expression of these genes, as well as distinct transcriptomic profiles between green turtle foraging aggregations that inhabit areas of greater or lesser anthropogenic disturbance.
Obtaining global gene expression data through non-lethal, minimally invasive sampling can greatly expand the applications of RNA-sequencing in protected long-lived species such as marine turtles. The distinct differences in gene expression signatures between species and foraging aggregations provide insight into the functional genomics underlying the diversity in this ancient vertebrate lineage. The transcriptomic resources generated here can be used in further studies examining the evolutionary ecology and anthropogenic impacts on marine turtles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s12864-021-07656-5","usgsCitation":"Banjeree, S.M., Adkins Stoll, J., Allen, C.D., Lynch, J., Harris, H.S., Kenyon, L., Connon, R.E., Sterling, E.J., Naro-Maciel, E., McFadden, K., Lamont, M., Benge, J., Fernandez, N.B., Seminoff, J.A., Benson, S., Lewison, R.L., Eguchi, T., Summers, T.M., Hapdei, J.R., Rice, M.R., Martin, S., Jones, T., Dutton, P., Balazs, G., and Komoroske, L.M., 2021, Species and population specific gene expression in blood transcriptomes of marine turtles: BMC Genomics, v. 22, 346, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07656-5.","productDescription":"346, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122805","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07656-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banjeree, Shreya M.","contributorId":287647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banjeree","given":"Shreya","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adkins Stoll, Jamie","contributorId":287648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adkins Stoll","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Camryn D.","contributorId":287649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Camryn","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36612,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lynch, Jennifer M.","contributorId":270074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Jennifer M.","affiliations":[{"id":47720,"text":"NIST","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harris, Heather S.","contributorId":220297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kenyon, 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Although many PM case studies have been published, few efforts have sought to systematically describe and understand dominant PM processes or establish best practices for PM. As a first step, we have reviewed a random sample of environmental PM case study articles (n = 60) using a novel PM process evaluation instrument. We found that significant work likely remains for PM to fully support participatory and integrated planning processes. While PM reports systematically address knowledge integration and learning, they often neglect the facilitation of a multi-value perspective within a democratic process, and the integration across organizations within a governance system. If not reported, we suspect these aspects are also neglected in practice. We conclude with key research and practice issues for improving PM as an approach for real-world participatory planning and governance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105073","usgsCitation":"Hedelin, B., Gray, S., Woehlke, S., BenDor, T., Singer, A., Jordan, R., Zellner, M., Giabbanelli, P., Glynn, P., Jenni, K., Jetter, A., Kolgani, N., Laursen, B., Leong, K.M., Schmitt Olabisi, L., and Sterling, E., 2021, What's left before participatory modeling can fully support real-world environmental planning processes: A case study review: Environmental Modelling & Software, v. 143, 105073, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105073.","productDescription":"105073, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129309","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":452273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105073","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389153,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"143","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedelin, B.","contributorId":265685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hedelin","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, S.","contributorId":265686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woehlke, S.","contributorId":265687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woehlke","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"BenDor, T. 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Despite known socio-environmental effects of EAG there remains a need to enhance monitoring capabilities for better informing conservation and management practices. Here, we integrate field observations, remote sensing and climate data with machine-learning techniques to estimate and assess patterns of historical (1985–2019; R2 = 0.86 ± 0.05; MAE = 6.7 ± 1.4%), present (2020), and future (2025–2040) EAG abundance (30-m) across much of the western United States. Trend analysis revealed that ∼8% and 1% of the landscape experienced significant rises and declines in historical EAG cover, respectively, with hotspots of invasion generally occurring near roads and along low-to-mid elevation gradients with warmer and drier conditions. Accurate simulations of the response of EAG to changing environmental conditions, disturbances and management treatments indicate that ecosystem resistance to invasion is largely controlled by long-term EAG abundance (surrogate for seed bank), time since and frequency of wildfire, and plant community interactions. Ecological thresholds associated with enhanced probabilities of wildfire occurrence and invasion rates indicate that relatively little (10%) EAG cover is needed to heighten these risks. Climate change is expected to push 8% of the landscape across invasion thresholds by 2040, impacting 6% of existing sage-grouse habitat, and we identify where fuel breaks may be placed to reduce wildfire risks and invasion. Spatially detailed, timely, and accurate depictions of past, present, and future EAG abundance are vital for the protection of life and property and the continued stewardship of sagebrush ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020AV000298","usgsCitation":"Pastick, N., Wylie, B., Rigge, M.B., Dahal, D., Boyte, S., Jones, M.O., Allred, B.W., Parajuli, S., and Wu, Z., 2021, Rapid monitoring of the abundance and spread of exotic annual grasses in the western United States using remote sensing and machine learning: AGU Advances, v. 2, no. 2, e2020AV000298, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000298.","productDescription":"e2020AV000298, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121974","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452276,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020av000298","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZN7BN8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Modelled long-term wildfire occurrence probabilities in sagebrush-dominated ecosystems in the western US (1985 to 2019)"},{"id":436364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Z85VET","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Historic and future trends in exotic annual grass (%) cover in the western US (1985 to 2019 and 2025 to 2040)"},{"id":399087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -103.88671875,\n 44.96479793033101\n ],\n [\n -110.74218749999999,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n -112.8515625,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -114.2578125,\n 45.644768217751924\n ],\n [\n 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Franke College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana, Missoula","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Parajuli, Sujan 0000-0002-1652-3063","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1652-3063","contributorId":222684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parajuli","given":"Sujan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":840916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wu, Zhuoting 0000-0001-7393-1832 zwu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7393-1832","contributorId":4953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Zhuoting","email":"zwu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":498,"text":"Office of Land Remote Sensing (Geography)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":840917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70220443,"text":"70220443 - 2021 - Trophic transfer efficiency in the Lake Superior food web: Assessing the impacts of non-native species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T16:11:08.337078","indexId":"70220443","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-13T08:05:48","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic transfer efficiency in the Lake Superior food web: Assessing the impacts of non-native species","docAbstract":"Ecosystem-based management relies on understanding how perturbations influence ecosystem structure and function (e.g., invasive species, exploitation, abiotic changes). However, data on unimpacted systems are scarce; therefore, we often rely on impacted systems to make inferences about ‘natural states.’ Among the Laurentian Great Lakes, Lake Superior provides a unique case study to address non-native species impacts because the food web is dominated by native species. Additionally, Lake Superior is both vertically (benthic versus pelagic) and horizontally (nearshore versus offshore) structured by depth, providing an opportunity to compare the function of these sub-food webs. We developed an updated Lake Superior EcoPath model using data from the 2005/2006 lake-wide multi-agency surveys covering multiple trophic levels. We then compared trophic transfer efficiency (TTE) to previously published EcoPath models. Finally, we compared ecosystem function of the 2005/2006 ecosystem to that with non-native linkages removed and compared native versus non-native species-specific approximations of TTE and trophic flow. Lake Superior was relatively efficient (TTE = 0.14) compared to systems reported in a global review (average TTE = 0.09), and the microbial loop was highly efficient (TTE > 0.20). Non-native species represented a very small proportion (<0.01%) of total biomass and were generally more efficient and had higher trophic flow compared to native species. Our results provide valuable insight into the importance of the microbial loop and represent a baseline estimate of non-native species impacts on Lake Superior. Finally, this work is a starting point for further model development to predict future changes in the Lake Superior ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2021.04.010","usgsCitation":"Mathias, B.G., Hrabik, T.R., Hoffman, J.C., Gorman, O., Seider, M., Sierszen, M.E., Vinson, M., Yule, D.L., and Yurista, P.M., 2021, Trophic transfer efficiency in the Lake Superior food web: Assessing the impacts of non-native species: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. 4, p. 1146-1158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.04.010.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1146","endPage":"1158","ipdsId":"IP-115192","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452278,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9067395","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W93YXH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Compilation of Data for Parameterization of an Ecopath Model of Lake Superior at the Beginning of the 21st Century (2001-2016)"},{"id":385642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.63671874999997,\n 46.195042108660154\n ],\n [\n -83.84765624999997,\n 46.195042108660154\n ],\n [\n -83.84765624999997,\n 49.83798245308484\n ],\n [\n -92.63671874999997,\n 49.83798245308484\n ],\n [\n -92.63671874999997,\n 46.195042108660154\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mathias, Bryan G.","contributorId":240743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mathias","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffman, Joel C.","contributorId":84244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorman, Owen 0000-0003-0451-110X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0451-110X","contributorId":216889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"Owen","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seider, Michael J.","contributorId":258016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seider","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sierszen, Michael E.","contributorId":63320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sierszen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vinson, Mark R. 0000-0001-5256-9539 mvinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5256-9539","contributorId":3800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vinson","given":"Mark","email":"mvinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yule, Daniel L. 0000-0002-0117-5115","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-5115","contributorId":248693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Yurista, Peder M.","contributorId":127358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yurista","given":"Peder","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70220492,"text":"70220492 - 2021 - Biogeography and ecology of Ostracoda in the U.S. northern Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-17T12:47:37.844807","indexId":"70220492","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-13T07:39:46","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeography and ecology of Ostracoda in the U.S. northern Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas","docAbstract":"Ostracoda (bivalved Crustacea) comprise a significant part of the benthic meiofauna in the Pacific-Arctic region, including more than 50 species, many with identifiable ecological tolerances. These species hold potential as useful indicators of past and future ecosystem changes. In this study, we examined benthic ostracodes from nearly 300 surface sediment samples, >34,000 specimens, from three regions—the northern Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort Seas—to establish species’ ecology and distribution. Samples were collected during various sampling programs from 1970 through 2018 on the continental shelves at 20 to ~100m water depth. Ordination analyses using species’ relative frequencies identified six species, Normanicythere leioderma, Sarsicytheridea bradii, Paracyprideis pseudopunctillata, Semicytherura complanata, Schizocythere ikeyai, and Munseyella mananensis, as having diagnostic habitat ranges in bottom water temperatures, salinities, sediment substrates and/or food sources. Species relative abundances and distributions can be used to infer past bottom environmental conditions in sediment archives for paleo-reconstructions and to characterize potential changes in Pacific-Arctic ecosystems in future sampling studies. Statistical analyses further showed ostracode assemblages grouped by the summer water masses influencing the area. Offshore-to-nearshore transects of samples across different water masses showed that complex water mass characteristics, such as bottom temperature, productivity, as well as sediment texture, influenced the relative frequencies of ostracode species over small spatial scales. On the larger biogeographic scale, synoptic ordination analyses showed dominant species—N. leioderma (Bering Sea), P. pseudopunctillata (offshore Chukchi and Beaufort Seas), and S. bradii (all regions)—remained fairly constant over recent decades. However, during 2013–2018, northern Pacific species M. mananensis and S. ikeyai increased in abundance by small but significant proportions in the Chukchi Sea region compared to earlier years. It is yet unclear if these assemblage changes signify a meiofaunal response to changing water mass properties and if this trend will continue in the future. Our new ecological data on ostracode species and biogeography suggest these hypotheses can be tested with future benthic monitoring efforts.
Cyclic climatic and glacial fluctuations of the Late Quaternary produced a dynamic biogeographic history for high latitudes. To refine our understanding of this history in northwestern North America, we explored geographic structure in a wide-ranging carnivore, the wolverine (Gulo gulo). We examined genetic variation in populations across mainland Alaska, coastal Southeast Alaska, and mainland western Canada using nuclear microsatellite genotypes and sequence data from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene. Data from maternally inherited mtDNA reflect stable populations in Northwest Alaska, suggesting the region harbored wolverine populations since at least the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21 Kya), consistent with their persistence in the fossil record of Beringia. Populations in Southeast Alaska are characterized by minimal divergence, with no genetic signature of long-term refugial persistence (consistent with the lack of pre-Holocene fossil records there). The Kenai Peninsula population exhibits mixed signatures depending on marker type: mtDNA data indicate stability (i.e., historical persistence) and include a private haplotype, whereas biparentally inherited microsatellites exhibit relatively low variation and a lack of private alleles consistent with a more recent Holocene colonization of the peninsula. Our genetic work is largely consistent with the early 20th century taxonomic hypothesis that wolverines on the Kenai Peninsula belong to a distinct subspecies. Our finding of significant genetic differentiation of wolverines inhabiting the Kenai Peninsula, coupled with the peninsula’s burgeoning human population and the wolverine’s known sensitivity to anthropogenic impacts, provides valuable foundational data that can be used to inform conservation and management prescriptions for wolverines inhabiting these landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyab045","usgsCitation":"Krejsa, D.M., Talbot, S.L., Sage, G.K., Sonsthagen, S.A., Jung, T.S., Magoun, A., and Cook, J.A., 2021, Dynamic landscapes in northwestern North America structured populations of wolverines (Gulo gulo): Journal of Mammology, v. 102, no. 3, p. 891-908, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab045.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"908","ipdsId":"IP-117178","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452282,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab045","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P908DV91","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Genetic Data from Wolverine (Gulo gulo) of North America"},{"id":386135,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Nunavit, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -173.583984375,\n 64.28275952823394\n ],\n [\n -169.7607421875,\n 64.28275952823394\n ],\n [\n -169.7607421875,\n 67.13582938531948\n ],\n [\n -173.583984375,\n 67.13582938531948\n ],\n [\n -173.583984375,\n 64.28275952823394\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.908203125,\n 68.23682270936281\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 67.97463396204759\n ],\n [\n -120.234375,\n 69.80930869552193\n ],\n [\n -128.14453125,\n 70.67088107015755\n ],\n [\n 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ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jung, Thomas S","contributorId":257552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jung","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":33063,"text":"Yukon Department of Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magoun, Audrey J","contributorId":257553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magoun","given":"Audrey J","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":8323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70221058,"text":"70221058 - 2021 - Intensity of grass invasion negatively correlated with population density and age structure of an endangered dune plant across its range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-03T16:15:41.13252","indexId":"70221058","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-12T10:44:59","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intensity of grass invasion negatively correlated with population density and age structure of an endangered dune plant across its range","docAbstract":"Invasive species are a global threat to ecosystem biodiversity and function; non-native grass invasion has been particularly problematic in sparsely vegetated ecosystems such as open dunes. Native plant population responses to invasion, however, are infrequently translated to landscape scales, limiting the effectiveness of these data for addressing conservation issues. We quantified population density, total population size, and age class distribution of the federally-endangered plant species Antioch Dunes evening primrose (Oenothera deltoides subsp. howellii), at sites along a non-native grass invasion gradient in California, USA. We then scaled relationships between invasion and plant density across the species’ range using spatial models and remote sensing data. Adult and juvenile O. deltoides subsp. howellii densities were more than 10 times higher in non-invaded areas (grids with 10% total plant cover) when compared to highly-invaded areas (grids with 80% total plant cover). The ratio of O. deltoides subsp. howellii juveniles to adults decreased to less than 1 at 54% total cover, highlighting sensitivity of the regeneration niche to invasion. Spatial models mapped hotspots of O. deltoides subsp. howellii abundance and population structure across the landscape at sub-meter scales. Scaling the impacts of increasing invasion on plant species of conservation concern holds promise when coupled with remote sensing approaches, especially in naturally low-cover ecosystems where readily available metrics (e.g., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) can be used to quantify invasion. These spatial models inform how future invasive species management may influence population size and spatial distribution of species of conservation concern.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10530-021-02516-5","usgsCitation":"Jones, S., Kennedy, A., Freeman, C.M., and Thorne, K., 2021, Intensity of grass invasion negatively correlated with population density and age structure of an endangered dune plant across its range: Biological Invasions, v. 23, p. 2451-2471, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02516-5.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"2451","endPage":"2471","ipdsId":"IP-126563","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9PRVA0M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Antioch Dunes evening primrose (Oenothera deltoides subsp. howellii) juvenile and adult abundance across the known range, California, USA (2019)"},{"id":386030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Antioch","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay-Delta region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.92729949951172,\n 37.998597644907385\n ],\n [\n -121.6691207885742,\n 37.998597644907385\n ],\n [\n -121.6691207885742,\n 38.089174937729794\n ],\n [\n -121.92729949951172,\n 38.089174937729794\n ],\n [\n -121.92729949951172,\n 37.998597644907385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Scott 0000-0002-1056-3785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-3785","contributorId":215602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Anna 0000-0002-6530-7498","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6530-7498","contributorId":259164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Chase M. 0000-0003-4211-6709 cfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4211-6709","contributorId":150052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Chase","email":"cfreeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":204579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}