The development of ground water for irrigation in northwestern Big Stone County has not kept up with development in other irrigable areas of the State. This is due, in part, to the absence of extensive surficial aquifers and the difficulty in locating buried aquifers.
\nTest augering south of Beardsley outlined a small surficial aquifer that consists of outwash deposits of sand and gravel. The aquifer is elongate, trending northeast-southwest, with a maximum saturated thickness of 42 feet and an areal extent of about 5 square miles.
\nDeep test drilling showed that small buried outwash aquifers occur over much of the project area. The 2-mile spacing between test holes, however, was too great to permit correlation of the buried aquifers.
\nA major buried outwash aquifer, east of Beardsley, consists of 130 feet of fine, uniform quartz sand, The aquifer lies in a steep-sided northwest-southeast trending valley eroded in bedrock and is overlain by 130 feet of clayey till. Pumping-test results indicate that its transmissivity ranges from 10,800 to 13,400 feet squared per day, and that the storage coefficient ranges from 0.0001 to 0.002. Recharge to the aquifer was negligible during 1979.
\nTwo Cretaceous aquifers, the Codell Sandstone Member of the Carlile Shale and the Greenhorn Formation, underlie the area, but little is known about these aquifers.
\nSamples of water were collected for chemical analysis from wells in the surficial outwash, buried outwash, and Cretaceous aquifers. With the exception of nitrate, the greatest difference in chemical quality was between samples from the buried outwash and Cretaceous aquifers. Water from Cretaceous aquifers is softer than water from the outwash aquifers, but contains concentrations of sodium and boron that are high enough to damage soils and crops if used for irrigation. Nitrate concentrations exceeded the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency's recommended limits for drinking water in one sample from the surficial aquifer.
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The average yield of these aquifers to wells is 190 gal/min (gallons per minute). The most productive bedrock aquifer is limestone, which yields an average of about 150 gal/min. Shale and granite each yield an average of less than 35 gal/min. About 4 billion gallons of available ground water is estimated to be in storage in the sand and gravel aquifers in the area. The area withdraws an average of 3.3 Mgal/d (million gallons per day) of water in June, July, and August and 2 Mgal/d during the remainder of the year.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80437","usgsCitation":"Snavely, D.S., 1980, Ground-water appraisal of the Fishkill-Beacon area, Dutchess County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-437, Report: iv, 14 p.; 3 Plates: 24.11 x 25.99 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80437.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 14 p.; 3 Plates: 24.11 x 25.99 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413987,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11634.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":53610,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0437/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53609,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0437/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53608,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0437/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53607,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0437/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155107,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0437/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Dutchess County","otherGeospatial":"Fishkill-Beacon area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74,\n 41.558\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 41.439\n ],\n [\n -73.842,\n 41.439\n ],\n [\n -73.842,\n 41.558\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 41.558\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snavely, Deborah S.","contributorId":64267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snavely","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24411,"text":"ofr80571 - 1980 - Cape Cod Aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-02T18:38:18.517501","indexId":"ofr80571","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-571","title":"Cape Cod Aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Ground water was the major source of drinking water on Cape Cod, Massachusetts in 1978. Withdrawals from over 100 municipal wells averaged 17.5 million gallons per day in 1978. Private wells on Cape Cod are estimated to number 15,000. Ground water occurs primarily under unconfined or water-table conditions. Artesian conditions exist where fine silt and clay beds have been deposited along Cape Cod's north shore from Bourne to Brewster, locally along the south shore, and in parts of Chatham and Orleans. Natural recharge to the aquifer is entirely from precipitation. Discharge is by pumping; evapotranspiration; direct evaporation from the water table; and seepage to rivers, marshes, and the ocean. Ground-water quality is generally suitable for domestic uses, although some public and private water wells have been contaminated. Contaminants can enter the ground water by infiltration from land surface, ponds, streams, and swamps. Infiltration from sewage lagoons, sand filter beds, septic tanks, cesspools, recharge pits, wells, or intrusion of saline water may also contaminate the aquifer. Alternative sources of drinking water, including desalination, transport from the mainland, and rainwater cisterns, are many times more expensive.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80571","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Ryan, B.J., 1980, Cape Cod Aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-571, Report: v, 23 p.; 3 Plates: 25.36 x 25.67 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80571.","productDescription":"Report: v, 23 p.; 3 Plates: 25.36 x 25.67 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404686,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0571/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":404685,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0571/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":404684,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0571/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":404683,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0571/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0571/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.64208984375,\n 41.50034959128928\n ],\n [\n -69.873046875,\n 41.50034959128928\n ],\n [\n -69.873046875,\n 42.15525946577863\n ],\n [\n -70.64208984375,\n 42.15525946577863\n ],\n [\n -70.64208984375,\n 41.50034959128928\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f692a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, Barbara J.","contributorId":62989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24444,"text":"ofr80826 - 1980 - Analysis of thermal data from drill holes UE25a-3 and UE25a-1, Calico Hills and Yucca Mountain, Nevada Test Site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:20","indexId":"ofr80826","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-826","title":"Analysis of thermal data from drill holes UE25a-3 and UE25a-1, Calico Hills and Yucca Mountain, Nevada Test Site","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80826","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., Lachenbruch, A.H., and Mase, C., 1980, Analysis of thermal data from drill holes UE25a-3 and UE25a-1, Calico Hills and Yucca Mountain, Nevada Test Site: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-826, 25 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80826.","productDescription":"25 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0826/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53521,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0826/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67ff63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":191936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lachenbruch, Arthur H.","contributorId":27850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lachenbruch","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mase, C. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp1175","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Geological Survey research 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1175, ix, 459 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1175.","productDescription":"ix, 459 p.","numberOfPages":"469","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":403861,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93006.htm","text":"Westward streamflow in Miocene of west-central Nevada","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":121803,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1175/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1175/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":465798,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93007.htm","text":"Trace-element patterns in spatially related plutonic differentiation suites","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465799,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93008.htm","text":"Mineral-resource assessment of the Big Frog Wilderness Study Area, Tennessee and Georgia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e979","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24548,"text":"ofr801065 - 1980 - Rationale for geologic isolation of high-level radioactive waste, and assessment of the suitability of crystalline rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:59","indexId":"ofr801065","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1065","title":"Rationale for geologic isolation of high-level radioactive waste, and assessment of the suitability of crystalline rocks","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr801065","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Smedes, H.W., 1980, Rationale for geologic isolation of high-level radioactive waste, and assessment of the suitability of crystalline rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1065, iv, 61 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801065.","productDescription":"iv, 61 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1065/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53597,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1065/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53598,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1065/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53599,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1065/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53600,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1065/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53601,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1065/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smedes, Harry Wynn","contributorId":41416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smedes","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"Wynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24547,"text":"ofr80836 - 1980 - Mineral resources of the Humbug Spires Instant Study Area, (primitive area and adjacent roadless areas), Silver Bow County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-27T19:18:17.719053","indexId":"ofr80836","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-836","title":"Mineral resources of the Humbug Spires Instant Study Area, (primitive area and adjacent roadless areas), Silver Bow County, Montana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80836","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Smedes, H.W., Hanna, W.F., and Hamilton, M., 1980, Mineral resources of the Humbug Spires Instant Study Area, (primitive area and adjacent roadless areas), Silver Bow County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-836, Report: ii, 25 p.; 3 Plates: 38.04 × 33.49 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80836.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 25 p.; 3 Plates: 38.04 × 33.49 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388611,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11794.htm"},{"id":53596,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0836/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53595,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0836/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53594,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0836/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53593,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0836/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0836/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Silver Bow County","otherGeospatial":"Humbug Spires Instant Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.567,\n 45.8440\n ],\n [\n -112.75,\n 45.8440\n ],\n [\n -112.75,\n 45.7000\n ],\n [\n -112.567,\n 45.7000\n ],\n [\n -112.567,\n 45.8440\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db685092","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smedes, Harry Wynn","contributorId":41416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smedes","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"Wynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanna, William F.","contributorId":104045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanna","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, Michael","contributorId":23972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24541,"text":"ofr8152 - 1980 - Behavior of weakly cemented soil slopes under static and seismic loading conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr8152","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-52","title":"Behavior of weakly cemented soil slopes under static and seismic loading conditions","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The John A. Blume Earthquake Engineering Center, Dept. of Civil Engineering ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8152","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Sitar, N., Clough, G., and Bachus, R., 1980, Behavior of weakly cemented soil slopes under static and seismic loading conditions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-52, 208 p.:ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8152.","productDescription":"208 p.:ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0052/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53588,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0052/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c27d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sitar, Nicholas","contributorId":42253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sitar","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clough, G. Wayne","contributorId":82349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clough","given":"G. Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bachus, Robert","contributorId":68349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachus","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24534,"text":"ofr80680 - 1980 - Hydrology of the Chicod Creek basin, North Carolina, prior to channel improvements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:49:47","indexId":"ofr80680","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-680","title":"Hydrology of the Chicod Creek basin, North Carolina, prior to channel improvements","docAbstract":"Extensive modification and excavation of stream channels in the 6-square mile Chicod Creek basin began in mid-1979 to reduce flooding and improve stream runoff conditions. The effects of channel improvements on this Coastal Pain basin 's hydrology will be determined from data collected prior to, during, and for several years following channel alternations. This report summarizes the findings of data collected prior to these improvements. During the 3-year study period, flow data collected from four stream gaging stations in the basin show that streams are dry approximately 10 percent of the time. Chemical analyses of water samples from the streams and from eight shallow groundwater observation wells indicate that water discharge from the surficial aquifer is the primary source of streamflow during rainless periods. Concentrations of Kjeldahl nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were often 5 to 10 times greater at Chicod Creek sites than those at nearby baseline sites. It is probable that runoff from farming and livestock operations contributes significantly to these elevated concentrations in Chicod Creek. The only pesticides detected in stream water were low levels of DDT and dieldrin, which occurred during storm runoff. A much wider range of pesticides, however, are found associated with streambed materials. The ratio of fecal coliform counts to those of fecal streptococcus indicate that the streams receive fecal wastes from livestock and poultry operations.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80680","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Simmons, C.E., and Aldridge, M.C., 1980, Hydrology of the Chicod Creek basin, North Carolina, prior to channel improvements: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-680, v, 32 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80680.","productDescription":"v, 32 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275930,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0680/report.pdf"},{"id":155544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0680/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Chicod Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.37876892089844,\n 35.45283961767315\n ],\n [\n -77.37876892089844,\n 35.67570522138987\n ],\n [\n -77.069091796875,\n 35.67570522138987\n ],\n [\n -77.069091796875,\n 35.45283961767315\n ],\n [\n -77.37876892089844,\n 35.45283961767315\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601f65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simmons, Clyde E.","contributorId":71528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Mary C.","contributorId":7734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24085,"text":"ofr80522 - 1980 - Initial report of the petrophysics laboratory; 1977-1979 addendum","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":24085,"text":"ofr80522 - 1980 - Initial report of the petrophysics laboratory; 1977-1979 addendum","indexId":"ofr80522","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Initial report of the petrophysics laboratory; 1977-1979 addendum"},"predicate":"IS_ADDENDUM_TO","object":{"id":4331,"text":"cir789 - 1979 - Initial report of the Petrophysics Laboratory","indexId":"cir789","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Initial report of the Petrophysics Laboratory"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-20T15:03:22.810347","indexId":"ofr80522","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-522","title":"Initial report of the petrophysics laboratory; 1977-1979 addendum","docAbstract":"From the time the author-copy of Circular 789 (Hunt and others, 1979) was prepared until it first appeared in print, significant changes occurred in the Petrophysics Laboratory. To update that report, this open-file report will briefly summarize more recent acquisitions and facilities changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80522","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Olhoeft, G.R., 1980, Initial report of the petrophysics laboratory; 1977-1979 addendum: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-522, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80522.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":275927,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0522/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156828,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0522/report-thumb.jpg"}],"isAddendumTo":{"id":4331,"text":"cir789 - 1979 - Initial report of the Petrophysics Laboratory","indexId":"cir789","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Initial report of the Petrophysics Laboratory"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66da2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olhoeft, Gary R.","contributorId":27879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olhoeft","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24448,"text":"ofr80708 - 1980 - In situ geomechanics of crystalline and sedimentary rocks; Part I, The long-term deformation and time-temperature correspondence of viscoelastic rock; an alternative theoretical approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-02T08:01:50","indexId":"ofr80708","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-708","title":"In situ geomechanics of crystalline and sedimentary rocks; Part I, The long-term deformation and time-temperature correspondence of viscoelastic rock; an alternative theoretical approach","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80708","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Savage, W.Z., and Swolfs, H.S., 1980, In situ geomechanics of crystalline and sedimentary rocks; Part I, The long-term deformation and time-temperature correspondence of viscoelastic rock; an alternative theoretical approach: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-708, ii, 24 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80708.","productDescription":"ii, 24 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0708/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":275928,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0708/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5a50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, William Z.","contributorId":107686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swolfs, Henri S.","contributorId":50897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swolfs","given":"Henri","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24526,"text":"ofr80739 - 1980 - Hydrology and water quality of the copper-nickel study region, northeastern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T10:37:14","indexId":"ofr80739","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-739","title":"Hydrology and water quality of the copper-nickel study region, northeastern Minnesota","docAbstract":"Data were collected on the hydrology of the Copper-Nickel study region to identify the location and nature of groundwater resources, determine the flow characteristics and general quality of the major streams, and determine the potential effects of mining copper and nickel on the hydrologic stream. Groundwater generally occurs in local flow systems within surficial deposits and in fractures in the upper few hundred feet of bedrock. Yields commonly range from 1 to 5 gallons per minute from wells in surficial materials and bedrock, but can be as much as 1,000 gallons per minute from wells in the sand and gravel aquifer underlying the Embarrass River valley. Groundwater generally is calcium-magnesium bicarbonate types. Over a mineralized zone, groundwater has concentrations of copper and nickel greater than 5 micrograms per liter. The average annual runoff from streams in the study area is about 10 inches. About 60% of the annual runoff occurs during snowmelt in spring. Flood peaks are reduced in streams that have surface storage available in on-channel lakes and wetlands. Specific conductance in streams can exceed 250 micromhos per centimeter at 25 Celsius where mine dewatering supplements natural discharge. Estimated groundwater discharge to projected copper-nickel mines ranges from less than 25 to about 2,000 gallons per minute. The introduction of trace metals from future mining activities to the groundwater system can be reduced if tailings basins and stockpiles are located on material which has low permeability, such as till, peat, or bedrock. (USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr80739","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Minnesota Environmental Quality Board and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Siegel, D., and Ericson, D.W., 1980, Hydrology and water quality of the copper-nickel study region, northeastern Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-739, Document: vi, 87 p.; 2 Plates: 10.14 x 12.42 inches and 9.87 x 12.38 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80739.","productDescription":"Document: vi, 87 p.; 2 Plates: 10.14 x 12.42 inches and 9.87 x 12.38 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0739/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53577,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0739/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53578,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0739/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53579,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0739/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Copper-Nickel Study Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -91.5,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -91.5,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -92.25,\n 47.25\n ],\n [\n -92.25,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 47.75\n ],\n [\n -92,\n 48\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siegel, Donald I.","contributorId":97499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"Donald I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ericson, Donald W.","contributorId":59837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ericson","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24525,"text":"ofr80403 - 1980 - Hydrologic setting of Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-15T18:12:26.459915","indexId":"ofr80403","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-403","title":"Hydrologic setting of Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota","docAbstract":"The hydrology and geology of Williams Lake watershed was studied to evaluate the accuracy of various methods used to determine precipitation and evaporation in lake water-balance studies and to define a lake and ground-water system according to approaches suggested by theoretical modeling studies. Regression analysis between estimated and measured precipitation at the lake showed that the accuracy of regionalization techniques is dependent on the closeness of the data network to the lake. For individual storms, the average-value method was found to be better than either the weighted average or isohyetal methods of determining precipitation, but it was least accurate in estimating 14-day average precipitation. The amount of evaporation calculated by the mass-transfer method ranged from 2 to 7 inches per month from July to October 1978, depending on the method used to determine the mass-transfer coefficient. Test drilling indicated that 30 to 150 feet of sand and gravel overlies till in the Williams Lake watershed. A sand lens about 50 feet thick occurs within the till.
\nThe configuration of the water table and vertical-head gradients measured from July to December 1978 indicate that ground water moves into the lake from the south and east and moves from the lake into the ground-water reservoir to the west. Preliminary numerical models indicate that the sand lens within the till is effectively isolated from the flow system interacting with the lake and that both inseepage and outseepage were about 1.4 inches from mid-July to mid-October 1978. When estimated as a residual in a water balance, ground water showed a net outseepage only of 1.47 inches.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr80403","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Minnesota Department of Natural* Resources Division of Waters","usgsCitation":"Siegel, D., and Winter, T.C., 1980, Hydrologic setting of Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-403, vii, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80403.","productDescription":"vii, 56 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":53576,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0403/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406774,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25793.htm"},{"id":156479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0403/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Hubbard County","otherGeospatial":"Williams Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.67845916748047,\n 46.948152929705195\n ],\n [\n -94.66163635253906,\n 46.948152929705195\n ],\n [\n -94.66163635253906,\n 46.959870280492964\n ],\n [\n -94.67845916748047,\n 46.959870280492964\n ],\n [\n -94.67845916748047,\n 46.948152929705195\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60547b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siegel, Donald I.","contributorId":97499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"Donald I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24513,"text":"ofr80999 - 1980 - Earthquake recurrence in the San Francisco Bay region, California, from fault slip and seismic moment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:04","indexId":"ofr80999","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-999","title":"Earthquake recurrence in the San Francisco Bay region, California, from fault slip and seismic moment","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80999","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Shedlock, K.M., McGuire, R.K., and Herd, D.G., 1980, Earthquake recurrence in the San Francisco Bay region, California, from fault slip and seismic moment: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-999, 20 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80999.","productDescription":"20 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155893,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0999/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53566,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0999/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629776","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shedlock, Kaye M.","contributorId":61788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"Kaye","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Robin K.","contributorId":86339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herd, Darrell G.","contributorId":72363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herd","given":"Darrell","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26184,"text":"wri8088 - 1980 - Effects of the proposed Prosperity Reservoir on ground water and water quality in lower Center Creek basin, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T12:54:07","indexId":"wri8088","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-88","title":"Effects of the proposed Prosperity Reservoir on ground water and water quality in lower Center Creek basin, Missouri","docAbstract":"Effects of the proposed Prosperity Reservoir on ground water and water quality in lower Center Creek basin depend partly on the effectiveness of Grove Creek as a hydrologic boundary between the reservoir site and the Oronogo-Duenweg mining belt. Results of two dye traces indicate that Grove Creek probably is not an effective boundary. Therefore, higher water levels near the reservoir may cause more ground water to move into the mining belt and cause a greater discharge of zinc-laden mine water into Center Creek.
Ground-water-level measurements and seepage runs on Center Creek indicate a relationship between ground-water levels, mine-water discharge and seepage, and base flow in Center Creek. From March to October 1979, ground-water levels generally decreased from 5 to 20 feet at higher elevations (recharge areas) and from 1 to 3 feet near Center Creek (discharge area); total mine water discharged to the surface before entering Center Creek decreased from 5.4 to 2.2 cubic feet per second; mine-water seepage directly to Center Creek decreased from an estimated 1.9 to 1.1 cubic feet per second; and the discharge of Center Creek near Carterville decreased from 184 to 42 cubic feet per second.
Fertilizer industry wastes discharged into Grove Creek resulted in significant increases of nitrogen and phosphorus in lower Center Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8088","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W.R., and Barks, J.H., 1980, Effects of the proposed Prosperity Reservoir on ground water and water quality in lower Center Creek basin, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-88, iii, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8088.","productDescription":"iii, 29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157605,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0088/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":349775,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0088/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Center Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -94.25,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -94.25,\n 37.2\n ],\n [\n -94.5,\n 37.2\n ],\n [\n -94.5,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db6100ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, Wayne R. wrberkas@usgs.gov","contributorId":425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"Wayne","email":"wrberkas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barks, James H.","contributorId":73569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barks","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26185,"text":"wri8027 - 1980 - Effects of urban runoff and wastewater effluent on Wilsons Creek and James River near Springfield, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-09T13:07:17","indexId":"wri8027","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-27","title":"Effects of urban runoff and wastewater effluent on Wilsons Creek and James River near Springfield, Missouri","docAbstract":"Statistical analysis on water-quality parameters from James River upstream and downstream from the confluence of Wilsons Creek shows a significant difference for all parameters except temperature and dissolved silica at the 0.05 probability level. Regression analysis shows correlation for discharge with dissolved sodium, dissolved chloride, and dissolved potassium, and for specific conductance with dissolved chloride and dissolved sulfate at the station downstream from Wilsons Creek. This is due to the consistent quality of the effluent from the Southwest Wastewater Plant on Wilsons Creek. Water-quality monitor stations upstream and downstream from the wastewater plant indicate that the plant has a degrading effect on dissolved oxygen in Wilsons Creek and James River. The monitors also indicate that rainfall flushes momentarily poor quality water into Wilsons Creek from the urbanized Springfield area. Overall, the runoff is diluting the effluent from the wastewater plant. Rainfall and runoff stations indicate a rapid response of runoff to rainfall due to the high percentage of imperviousness and the filling or paving of sinkholes. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri8027","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W.R., 1980, Effects of urban runoff and wastewater effluent on Wilsons Creek and James River near Springfield, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-27, iv, 31 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8027.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":365385,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0027/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0027/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Springfield","otherGeospatial":"Wilsons Creek, James River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.5101318359375,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -93.0157470703125,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -93.0157470703125,\n 37.29590550406618\n ],\n [\n -93.5101318359375,\n 37.29590550406618\n ],\n [\n -93.5101318359375,\n 37.09023980307208\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ebec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, Wayne R. wrberkas@usgs.gov","contributorId":425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"Wayne","email":"wrberkas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24461,"text":"ofr80577 - 1980 - Principal facts for gravity stations in the western arm of the Black Rock Desert, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:19","indexId":"ofr80577","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-577","title":"Principal facts for gravity stations in the western arm of the Black Rock Desert, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80577","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Schaefer, D.H., and Maurer, D.K., 1980, Principal facts for gravity stations in the western arm of the Black Rock Desert, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-577, iv, 18 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80577.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157305,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0577/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53529,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0577/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6677f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaefer, Donald H.","contributorId":77507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maurer, Douglas K. dkmaurer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"Douglas","email":"dkmaurer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24511,"text":"ofr801057 - 1980 - Preliminary report on the mineral resources of the Powderhorn Instant study area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":24511,"text":"ofr801057 - 1980 - Preliminary report on the mineral resources of the Powderhorn Instant study area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado","indexId":"ofr801057","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary report on the mineral resources of the Powderhorn Instant study area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":60855,"text":"mf1483A - 1983 - Mineral resource potential and geologic map of the Powderhorn Wilderness study area and Cannibal Plateau Roadless Area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado","indexId":"mf1483A","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Mineral resource potential and geologic map of the Powderhorn Wilderness study area and Cannibal Plateau Roadless Area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":60855,"text":"mf1483A - 1983 - Mineral resource potential and geologic map of the Powderhorn Wilderness study area and Cannibal Plateau Roadless Area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado","indexId":"mf1483A","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resource potential and geologic map of the Powderhorn Wilderness study area and Cannibal Plateau Roadless Area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T19:52:40.220456","indexId":"ofr801057","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1057","title":"Preliminary report on the mineral resources of the Powderhorn Instant study area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Powderhorn Instant Study Area covers approximately 51,000 acres of land under BLM administration located about 80 km (50 mi) southwest of Gunnison, Colorado. A mineral resource survey, made in 1979 by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines, indicates that both the mineral potential and the energy potential for the Powderhorn Instant Study Area are low. This report is based on geologic and geochemical investigations, examination of prospects, and an aeromagnetic survey. Spectrographic analyses were made of approximately 120 stream-sediment and rock samples. No mining districts are located within the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801057","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Sharp, W.N., Martin, R., and Lane, M., 1980, Preliminary report on the mineral resources of the Powderhorn Instant study area, Gunnison and Hinsdale counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1057, Report: ii, 4 p.; 3 Plates: 35.83 x 51.26 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801057.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 4 p.; 3 Plates: 35.83 x 51.26 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":417771,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1057/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":417770,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1057/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":417769,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1057/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":417768,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1057/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156570,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1057/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Gunnison County, Hinsdale County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.3,37.916666666666664 ], [ -107.3,38.333333333333336 ], [ -107,38.333333333333336 ], [ -107,37.916666666666664 ], [ -107.3,37.916666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c7ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharp, William N.","contributorId":18751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, R.A.","contributorId":53379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":874635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, Michael","contributorId":39756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24510,"text":"ofr80914 - 1980 - The microzonation of the Memphis, Tennessee area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T16:31:47.09312","indexId":"ofr80914","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-914","title":"The microzonation of the Memphis, Tennessee area","docAbstract":"Although the probability of a major earthquake in the central U.S. is only one-tenth of the Californian events, any such event is expected to result in damage ten times greater than that anticipated in California. The city of Memphis, which is situated very close to the inferred epicenter of one of the three major 1811-1812 earthquakes, is in a potentially hazardous zone which will be susceptible to the usual seismic hazards. By recognizing the high level of seismicity in the New Madrid area, this study attempts to microzone the potential hazards in the city of Memphis.
This study examines the pertinent criteria necessary for any microzonation study. The subjects considered include:
(i) The seismicity of the central United States,
(ii) Design earthquakes,
(iii) Response analysis which allows us to construct the necessary microzonation maps.
The seismicity of the region is evaluated according to the state-of-the-art literature available as there is no recorded strong motion data available for the central U.S. The maximum credible earthquakes which are likely to affect Memphis are evaluated as the one in a thousand year occurrence. However, earthquakes of a lower intensity (and lower recurrence rates) are selected as design earthquakes to permit a more realistic microzonation to be performed.
For the response analysis, these earthquakes are simulated using synthetically generated accelerograms which exhibit the relevant parameters. These accelerograms displaying the significant characteristics of amplitude, predominant frequency and duration were selected to display, as accurately as possible, the anticipated nature of the horizontal bedrock-motions at Memphis. The horizontal motions (SH-waves) were applied at a depth of 45m below ground surface at numerous sites in the city of Memphis, where the soil stratigraphy had been conceptualized from borehole data.
The soils data made available by local sources was the only information used for this study as any laboratory testing was outside the scope of this study. The dynamic soil properties were thus established from the available Standard Penetration Resistances and soil classifications.
The results of the response analysis were transformed into microzonation maps depicting
(i) zones showing qualitative estimates of ground response,
(ii) zones showing the natural frequency of the soils,
(iii) zones showing the peak spectral acceleration for 2% damping ratio,
(iv) zones of liquefaction potential.
These maps are essentially useful for preliminary investigation and we do not expect them to be used on a quantitative basis. However, further investigation is necessary in determining the stratigraphy and soil properties to a more accurate level if an earthquake hazard is anticipated.
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The results of a laboratory experiment are shown for comparison. A calibration procedure to determine detector efficiency is given for application to borehole probes. It is shown that the response of a crystal can be separated in terms of geometric effects and instrumentation effects. It is also shown that approximating crystal detectors with point detectors in mathematical theory is grossly oversimplified. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80688","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Schimschal, U., 1980, Scintillation detectors in gamma spectral logging; geometry, absorption and calibration: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-688, 33 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80688.","productDescription":"33 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0688/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":275929,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0688/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fcf50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schimschal, Ulrich","contributorId":92258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schimschal","given":"Ulrich","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24509,"text":"ofr80896 - 1980 - Comparison of radon monitoring techniques, the effects of thermoelastic strains on subsurface radon, and the development of a computer operated radon monitoring network for earthquake prediction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"ofr80896","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-896","title":"Comparison of radon monitoring techniques, the effects of thermoelastic strains on subsurface radon, and the development of a computer operated radon monitoring network for earthquake prediction","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80896","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, M.H., 1980, Comparison of radon monitoring techniques, the effects of thermoelastic strains on subsurface radon, and the development of a computer operated radon monitoring network for earthquake prediction: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-896, 45 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80896.","productDescription":"45 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae14e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, Mark H.","contributorId":65847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}