Contaminants alter the quantity and quality of insect prey available to terrestrial insectivores. In agricultural regions, the quantity of aquatic insects emerging from freshwaters can be impacted by insecticides originating from surrounding croplands. We hypothesized that, in such regions, adult aquatic insects could also act as vectors of pesticide transfer to terrestrial food webs. To estimate insect-mediated pesticide flux from wetlands embedded in an important agricultural landscape, semipermanetly and temporarily ponded wetlands were surveyed in cropland and grassland landscapes across a natural salinity gradient in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota (USA) during the bird breeding season in 2015 and 2016 (n = 14 and 15 wetlands, respectively). Current-use pesticides, including the herbicide atrazine and the insecticides bifenthrin and imidacloprid, were detected in newly emerged insects. Pesticide detections were similar in insects emerging from agricultural and grassland wetlands. Biomass of emerging aquatic insects decreased 43%, and insect-mediated pesticide flux increased 50% along the observed gradient in concentrations of insecticides in emerging aquatic insects (from 3 to 577 ng total insecticide g–1 insect). Overall, adult aquatic insects were estimated to transfer between 2 and 180 µg total pesticide wetland–1 d–1 to the terrestrial ecosystem. In one of the 2 study years, biomass of emerging adult aquatic insects was also 73% lower from agricultural than grassland wetlands and was dependent on salinity. Our results suggest that accumulated insecticides reduce the availability of adult aquatic insect prey for insectivores and potentially increase insectivore exposure to insect-borne pesticides. Adult aquatic insects retain pesticides across metamorphosis and may expose insectivores living near both agricultural and grassland wetlands to dietary sources of toxic chemicals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5111","usgsCitation":"Kraus, J.M., Kuivila, K., Hladik, M.L., Shook, N., Mushet, D., Dowdy, K., and Harrington, R., 2021, Cross-ecosystem fluxes of pesticides from prairie wetlands mediated by aquatic insect emergence: Implications for terrestrial insectivores: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 40, no. 8, p. 2282-2296, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5111.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2282","endPage":"2296","ipdsId":"IP-103658","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P971S7IV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Adult aquatic insect emergence, insect pesticide concentrations and water chemistry of wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region, North Dakota, USA, 2015-16"},{"id":391164,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Iowa, Manitoba, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Potholes region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.8564453125,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -93.6474609375,\n 44.809121700077355\n ],\n [\n -96.3720703125,\n 47.100044694025215\n ],\n [\n -98.26171875,\n 47.724544549099676\n ],\n [\n -98.7451171875,\n 50.3454604086048\n ],\n [\n -101.07421875,\n 51.890053935216926\n ],\n [\n -105.6005859375,\n 52.802761415419674\n ],\n [\n -112.763671875,\n 54.265224078605684\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 54.87660665410869\n ],\n [\n -115.8837890625,\n 53.461890432859114\n ],\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shook, Neil","contributorId":268174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shook","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55580,"text":"5U.S. Fish and Wildlife Survey, Chase Lake Prairie Project Office, 5924 19th Street SE, Woodworth, ND","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":248468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dowdy, Kelen","contributorId":268175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dowdy","given":"Kelen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55581,"text":"City of Greeley Water Resources, 1001 11th Avenue #200, Greeley, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Harrington, Rachel","contributorId":268176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrington","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[{"id":55583,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, 1595 Wynkoop St., Denver, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70222453,"text":"70222453 - 2021 - Quick and dirty (and accurate) 3-D paleoseismic trench models using coded scale bars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-01T15:38:15.192062","indexId":"70222453","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-12T08:43:23","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quick and dirty (and accurate) 3-D paleoseismic trench models using coded scale bars","docAbstract":"Structure‐from‐motion (SfM) modeling has dramatically increased the speed of generating geometrically accurate orthophoto mosaics of paleoseismic trenches, but some aspects of this technique remain time and labor intensive. Model accuracy relies on control points to establish scale, reduce distortion, and orient 3D models. Traditional SfM methods use total station or Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) surveys to constrain models, but collecting control points along a vertical trench wall is often inhibited by poor line of sight to the survey sensor or limited sky view and requires many hours in the field and office. We used physical scale bars printed with coded targets to constrain SfM models of a dusty, 46‐m‐long trench excavation across the Teton fault (Wyoming, U.S.A.). We present a workflow for generating quick and accurate 3D SfM models and orthophoto mosaics and compare the effectiveness of using scale bar, GNSS, and total‐station control in the models. Our results show that the scale bar model deviates from total station survey points by an average of 3.1 cm (maximum of 5.3 cm). In addition, the scale‐bar model only deviates an average of 1.7 cm (maximum 3.5 cm) when compared to the best model alternative, the SfM model controlled by the total station survey. Scale bars eliminate several hours needed to collect and incorporate control points from total station or GNSS surveys and significantly simplify the workflow, at the cost of slightly increased 3D model and orthophoto mosaic error. Our results further suggest that trench models can be constrained with at least four physical scale bars, but using five to six physical scale bars provides redundant control for field deployment and model optimization. The scale bar method for paleoseismic trenches proves to be portable and fast, minimizes the need for specialized survey equipment, and maintains model accuracy needed for mapping trench walls.
Algal and cyanobacterial blooms can foul water systems, inhibit recreation, and produce cyanotoxins, which can be toxic to humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Blooms that recur yearly present a special challenge, in that chronic effects of most cyanotoxins are unknown. To better understand cyanotoxin timing, possible environmental triggers, and inter-relations among taxa and toxins in bloom communities, recurring cyanobacterial blooms were investigated at three recreational sites in Kabetogama Lake in Voyageurs National Park from 2016-2019. Results indicated that peak neurotoxin concentrations occurred before peak microcystin concentrations and that toxin-forming cyanobacteria were present before visible blooms, which is a serious human health concern. Two cyanotoxin mixture models (MIX) and two microcystin (MC) models were developed using near-real-time environmental variables and additional comprehensive variables based on laboratory analyses. Comprehensive models explained more variability than the environmental models and neither MIX model was a better fit than the MC models. However, the MIX models produced no false negatives, indicating that all observations above human-health regulatory guidelines were simulated by the MIX models. The results show that a model based on a cyanotoxin mixture is more protective of human health than a model based on microcystin alone. In 2019, 7 of 19 toxins were detected in various mixtures. The potential toxin producing cyanobacteria, Microcystis, was significantly correlated with microcystin-YR, while Pseudanabaena sp. and Synechococcus sp. were negatively correlated to several toxins. Jaccard and Sorenson indices indicated strong same-day similarities among the three bloom communities. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria were present at every site, and when combined with internal loading of phosphorus, might explain similarities among sites, and why seasonal differences, even in samples from the same site, were stronger. Information from this dissertation adds to the body of work on recurring blooms and under-studied toxins and toxin mixtures, providing a better understanding of future research options for freshwater cyanotoxins in and outside of Voyageurs National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"North Dakota State University","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V., 2021, Freshwater cyanotoxin mixtures in recurring cyanobacterial blooms in Voyageurs National Park, 221 p.","productDescription":"221 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128041","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409284,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.proquest.com/docview/2547519599","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Kabetogama Lake, Voyageurs National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.7287375311439,\n 48.44384887858732\n ],\n [\n -92.74528481592849,\n 48.46823569471036\n ],\n [\n -92.85651934142741,\n 48.45238559671293\n ],\n [\n -92.80320031267578,\n 48.47311165228035\n ],\n [\n -92.9355785909554,\n 48.46823569471036\n ],\n [\n -93.01371854688433,\n 48.52184546050012\n ],\n [\n -93.05508675884663,\n 48.53280411143439\n ],\n [\n -93.11300225559437,\n 48.51271143988237\n ],\n [\n -93.11759872359,\n 48.48469017375146\n ],\n [\n -93.06703757563596,\n 48.47494001557638\n ],\n [\n -93.06060252044176,\n 48.44628808733975\n ],\n [\n -93.02199218927704,\n 48.431041110668644\n ],\n [\n -92.98062397731476,\n 48.41151830276564\n ],\n [\n -92.95120658214137,\n 48.426161111635196\n ],\n [\n -92.92822424216214,\n 48.42189072806485\n ],\n [\n -92.9034033149849,\n 48.43226103720582\n ],\n [\n -92.86755086461727,\n 48.42189072806485\n ],\n [\n -92.80871607427095,\n 48.410908094197964\n ],\n [\n -92.78113726629607,\n 48.40480560576938\n ],\n [\n -92.7287375311439,\n 48.44384887858732\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, Victoria 0000-0003-4166-7461","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":220548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70220886,"text":"70220886 - 2021 - Exploring the factors controlling the error characteristics of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography mission discharge estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T19:00:04.291567","indexId":"70220886","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-12T07:16:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring the factors controlling the error characteristics of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography mission discharge estimates","docAbstract":"The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission will measure river width, water surface elevation, and slope for rivers wider than 50-100 m. SWOT observations will enable estimation of river discharge by using simple flow laws such as the Manning-Strickler equation, complementing in-situ streamgages. Several discharge inversion algorithms designed to compute unobserved flow law parameters (e.g. friction coefficient, bathymetry) have been proposed, but to date, a systematic assessment of factors controlling algorithm performance has not been conducted. Here, we assess the performance of the five algorithms that are expected to be used in the construction of the SWOT product. To perform this assessment, we used synthetic SWOT observations created with hydraulic model output corrupted with SWOT-like error. Prior information provided to the algorithms was purposefully limited to an estimate of mean annual flow (MAF), designed to produce a “worst case” benchmark. Prior MAF error was an important control on algorithm performance, but discharge estimates produced by the algorithms are less biased than the MAF; thus, the discharge algorithms improve on the prior. We show for the first time that accuracy and frequency of remote sensing observations are less important than prior bias, hydraulic variability among reaches, and flow law accuracy in governing discharge algorithm performance. The discharge errors and error sensitivities reported herein are a bounding benchmark, representing worst possible expected errors and error sensitivities. This study lays the groundwork to develop predictive power of algorithm performance, and thus map the global distribution of worst-case SWOT discharge accuracy.
Higher spatial and temporal resolutions of remote sensing data are likely to be useful for ecological monitoring efforts. There are many different treatment approaches for the introduced European genotype of Phragmites australis, and adaptive management principles are being integrated in at least some long-term monitoring efforts. In this paper, we investigated how natural color and a smaller set of near-infrared (NIR) images collected with low-cost uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) could help quantify the aboveground effects of management efforts at 20 sites enrolled in the Phragmites Adaptive Management Framework (PAMF) spanning the coastal Laurentian Great Lakes region. We used object-based image analysis and field ground truth data to classify the Phragmites and other cover types present at each of the sites and calculate the percent cover of Phragmites, including whether it was alive or dead, in the UAV images. The mean overall accuracy for our analysis with natural color data was 91.7% using four standardized classes (Live Phragmites, Dead Phragmites, Other Vegetation, Other Non-vegetation). The Live Phragmites class had a mean user’s accuracy of 90.3% and a mean producer’s accuracy of 90.1%, and the Dead Phragmites class had a mean user’s accuracy of 76.5% and a mean producer’s accuracy of 85.2% (not all classes existed at all sites). These results show that UAV-based imaging and object-based classification can be a useful tool to measure the extent of dead and live Phragmites at a series of sites undergoing management. Overall, these results indicate that UAV sensing appears to be a useful tool for identifying the extent of Phragmites at management sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs13101895","usgsCitation":"Brooks, C.N., Weinstein, C.B., Poley, A.F., Grimm, A.G., Marion, N.P., Bourgeau-Chavez, L., Hansen, D., and Kowalski, K., 2021, Using uncrewed aerial vehicles for identifying the extent of invasive Phragmites australis in treatment areas enrolled in an adaptive management program: Remote Sensing, v. 13, no. 10, 1895, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13101895.","productDescription":"1895, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124814","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452292,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13101895","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91NICZD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Land cover classifications and associated data from treatment areas enrolled in the Phragmites Adaptive Management Framework, 2018"},{"id":386675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.08837890625,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -87.2314453125,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -87.2314453125,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -88.08837890625,\n 44.465151013519616\n ],\n [\n -88.08837890625,\n 43.03677585761058\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.0234375,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -83.34228515625,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -83.34228515625,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -84.0234375,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -84.0234375,\n 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B.","contributorId":260518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weinstein","given":"Charlotte","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":34530,"text":"Michigan Tech Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poley, Andrew F.","contributorId":260520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poley","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":34530,"text":"Michigan Tech Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grimm, Amanda G.","contributorId":150482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimm","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marion, Nicholas P.","contributorId":260522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marion","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":34530,"text":"Michigan Tech Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bourgeau-Chavez, Laura 0000-0001-7127-279X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-279X","contributorId":220963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bourgeau-Chavez","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34530,"text":"Michigan Tech Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hansen, Dana","contributorId":260525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Dana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70221097,"text":"70221097 - 2021 - Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-02T12:10:01.015397","indexId":"70221097","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-12T07:06:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5010,"text":"Science Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María","docAbstract":"Hurricanes are extreme storms that affect coastal communities, but the linkages between hurricane forcing and ocean dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we present full water column observations at unprecedented resolution from the southwest Puerto Rico insular shelf and slope during Hurricane María, representing a rare set of high-frequency, subsurface, oceanographic observations collected along an island margin during a hurricane. The shelf geometry and orientation relative to the storm acted to stabilize and strengthen stratification. This maintained elevated sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) throughout the storm and led to an estimated 65% greater potential hurricane intensity contribution at this site before eye passage. Coastal cooling did not occur until 11 hours after the eye passage. Our findings present a new framework for how hurricane interaction with insular island margins may generate baroclinic processes that maintain elevated SSTs, thus potentially providing increased energy for the storm.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.abf1552","usgsCitation":"Cheriton, O.M., Storlazzi, C.D., Rosenberger, K.J., Sherman, C.E., and Schmidt, W., 2021, Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María: Science Advances, v. 7, no. 20, eabf1552, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf1552.","productDescription":"eabf1552, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111341","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf1552","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"southwestern Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.0880126953125,\n 17.90556881196468\n ],\n [\n -66.7474365234375,\n 17.90556881196468\n ],\n [\n -66.7474365234375,\n 18.109308155101445\n ],\n [\n -67.0880126953125,\n 18.109308155101445\n ],\n [\n -67.0880126953125,\n 17.90556881196468\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheriton, Olivia M. 0000-0003-3011-9136","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-9136","contributorId":204459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheriton","given":"Olivia","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberger, Kurt J. 0000-0002-5185-5776 krosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-5776","contributorId":140453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Kurt","email":"krosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherman, Clark E. 0000-0003-0758-7900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-7900","contributorId":259180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherman","given":"Clark","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":34129,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, Wilford 0000-0003-3564-4159","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3564-4159","contributorId":259182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Wilford","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34129,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70220401,"text":"ofr20211022 - 2021 - Evaporation from Lake Mead and Lake Mohave, Nevada and Arizona, 2010–2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-12T11:48:04.655661","indexId":"ofr20211022","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T15:05:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-1022","displayTitle":"Evaporation from Lake Mead and Lake Mohave, Nevada and Arizona, 2010–2019","title":"Evaporation from Lake Mead and Lake Mohave, Nevada and Arizona, 2010–2019","docAbstract":"Evaporation-rate estimates at Lake Mead and Lake Mohave, Nevada and Arizona, were based on eddy covariance and available energy measurements from March 2010 through April 2019 at Lake Mead and May 2013 through April 2019 at Lake Mohave. The continuous data needed to compute monthly evaporation were collected from floating-platform and land-based measurement stations located at each reservoir. Collected data include latent- and sensible-heat fluxes, net radiation, air temperature, wind speed, humidity, and water-temperature profiles. Data collection, analysis methods, and monthly evaporation results for Lake Mead through February 2012 were documented in a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Scientific-Investigations Report, 2013–5229. Monthly evaporation and associated datasets for both reservoirs through April 2015 were published in a USGS Data Release (https://doi.org/10.5066/F79C6VG3). Average annual evaporation at Lake Mead was 1,896 millimeters (mm), which is a 10 percent difference from the 1,718 mm average annual evaporation at Lake Mohave; this was primarily due to differences in available energy. Average annual available energy at Lake Mead was 139 watts per square meter (W/m2), which is an 18 percent difference from the 116 W/m2 average annual available energy at Lake Mohave. Differences in available energy are driven by differences in advected heat between Lake Mead and Lake Mohave; advected heat at Lake Mohave is lower due to colder inflows and warmer outflows. Lake Mead monthly evaporation estimates for this study compare reasonably well to the Bureau of Reclamation’s 24-Month Study (24MS) evaporation coefficients, which are based on pioneering studies from the 1950s. Temporal trends in this study indicate that the effects of heat storage at Lake Mead were underestimated in the 24MS, particularly during the fall months when energy was released from the lake. Mean monthly evaporation rates at Lake Mead were greater than Lake Mohave from June through November during the study period. The seasonal pattern of evaporation at Lake Mohave in this study indicates that the effects of available energy were underestimated in the 24MS coefficients for this reservoir, and that evaporation was substantially overestimated from spring through summer
during the study period of 2013 through 2019.
Director,
Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Road
Carson City, Nevada 95819
Collection of biological samples for DNA is necessary in a variety of disciplines including disease epidemiology, landscape genetics, and forensics. Quantity and quality of DNA varies depending on the method of collection or media available for collection (e.g., blood, tissue, fecal). Blood is the most common sample collected in vials or on Whatman Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards with short- and long-term storage providing adequate DNA for study objectives. The focus of this study was to determine if biological samples stored on Whatman FTA Elute cards were a reasonable alternative to traditional DNA sample collection, storage, and extraction. Tissue, nasal swabs, and ocular fluid were collected from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Tissue samples and nasal swabs acted as a control to compare extraction and DNA suitability for microsatellite analysis for nasal swabs and ocular fluid extracted from FTA Elute cards. We determined that FTA Elute cards improved the extraction time and storage of samples and that nasal swabs and ocular fluid containing pigmented fluid were reasonable alternatives to traditional tissue DNA extractions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publications","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-89390-2","usgsCitation":"Edson, J., Brown, J., Miller, W., and Walter, W., 2021, Comparison of sample types from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) for DNA extraction and analyses: Scientific Reports, v. 11, 10003, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89390-2.","productDescription":"10003, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115178","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89390-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edson, Jessie","contributorId":275594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edson","given":"Jessie","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Justin","contributorId":275595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Justin","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, William L.","contributorId":275596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"William L.","affiliations":[{"id":56863,"text":"Calvin 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David 0000-0003-3068-1073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":219540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W. David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70223093,"text":"70223093 - 2021 - A renewed philosophy about supplemental sea lamprey controls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T15:55:12.877426","indexId":"70223093","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T11:14:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A renewed philosophy about supplemental sea lamprey controls","docAbstract":"Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes have been reduced by up to 90% through the use of selective pesticides (lampricides) and physical sea lamprey barriers that block spawning migrations. Nevertheless, other control methods are needed to achieve integrated pest management objectives, delay biological resistance, and address societal pressure to reduce pesticide use and restore lotic connectivity through dam removals. Despite decades of research and scientific advances, new control tools that focus on controlling adult and juvenile life stages have been rare because tactics have not been cost-effective alternatives to lampricides and sea lamprey barriers. Here, we propose a renewed philosophy highlighting that new control methods need not be true alternatives to lampricides and sea lamprey barriers (i.e., have similar effectiveness), but instead can be useful as supplemental controls integrated with current methods, especially in places where current methods are less effective due to environmental or societal conditions. Current case studies pairing multiple supplemental controls together on two Lake Huron tributaries, the Black Mallard and Cheboygan Rivers, have shown promise in reducing sea lamprey reproductive success, the scope of lampricide treatments, and ultimately the number of juvenile sea lampreys produced. Additional case studies are planned and will be evaluated within a decade-long adaptive assessment plan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.013","usgsCitation":"Siefkes, M.J., Johnson, N.S., and Muir, A.M., 2021, A renewed philosophy about supplemental sea lamprey controls: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. S742-S752, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"S742","endPage":"S752","ipdsId":"IP-124405","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.03.013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"Suppl 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siefkes, Michael J.","contributorId":222109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siefkes","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muir, Andrew M.","contributorId":176177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227730,"text":"70227730 - 2021 - Managing wildlife at landscape scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-27T17:06:06.7913","indexId":"70227730","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T11:01:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Managing wildlife at landscape scales","docAbstract":"Managing wildlife populations on a landscape is not a new concept to the field of wildlife management. However, a variety of barriers exist to effectively manage wildlife species at landscape scales. For example, competing management objectives for the same population can occur in parts of two adjoining states and 3-4 agencies within a single state may be charged with managing the habitat on which that population depends at varying spatial scales. Moreover, most state and federal agencies have different mandates and implement management actions out of offices that have static administrative or jurisdictional boundaries. Hence, implementing management actions across relatively large spatial extents can be difficult because one manager or one agency field office may have little or no input on the management of habitats or populations for which they do not have administrative responsibility. In contrast, landscape ecologists often focus on actions that ignore those same logistical hurdles. Landscape ecologists and wildlife managers should be aware of such barriers and incorporate these unique challenges and constraints into their research questions, proposed management actions, and policies. Our goal is to identify challenges, constraints, and opportunities to managing wildlife populations at a landscape scale and describe how resource agencies and landscape ecologists can work collaboratively to overcome challenges and constraints. We also explore the potential management challenges created by continuing to manage wildlife populations and habitats based on local-scale approaches to management and decision making. Finally, we provide a case study using the greater sage-grouse as an example of challenges and constraints to managing a species at a landscape scale.","language":"English","publisher":"Johns Hopkins University Press","usgsCitation":"Connelly, J.W., and Conway, C.J., 2021, Managing wildlife at landscape scales, p. 143-157.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"157","ipdsId":"IP-075833","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394980,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Connelly, John W.","contributorId":272302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connelly","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70231193,"text":"70231193 - 2021 - Great Lakes harmful algal blooms: Current knowledge gaps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T14:10:37.442691","indexId":"70231193","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T09:05:41","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Great Lakes harmful algal blooms: Current knowledge gaps","docAbstract":"Freshwater Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) pose serious risks throughout the world to drinking water, recreation, and ecosystem health. The Great Lakes, which contain nearly 20% of the world’s available surface freshwater, have been experiencing an increase in HABs since the 1990s. Knowledge gaps relating to HABs remain even after extensive and ongoing research efforts. These knowledge gaps are presented below for the benefit of water resource managers, state and federal agencies, legislators, and others involved in the development of policies to address HABs throughout the Great Lakes.","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Commission","usgsCitation":"Boyer, G.L., Evans, M.A., Maguire, T., Newell, S., Raymond, H., Robertson, D., Stammler, K., Zacharda, N., and Gibbons, K.J., 2021, Great Lakes harmful algal blooms: Current knowledge gaps, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127133","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400005,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glc.org/work/habs/publications"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great 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0000-0001-6799-0596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":217258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stammler, Katie","contributorId":291256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stammler","given":"Katie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39523,"text":"Essex Region Conservation Authority","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":841916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zacharda, Nicole","contributorId":291336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zacharda","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gibbons, Kenneth 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Landscape genomics provides an opportunity to assess long-term functional connectivity by relating environmental variables to spatial patterns of genomic variation resulting from generations of movement, dispersal and mating behaviors. Identifying landscape features associated with gene flow at large geographic scales for highly mobile species is becoming increasingly possible due to more accessible genomic approaches, improved analytical methods and enhanced computational power. We characterized the genetic structure and diversity of migratory mule deer Odocoileus hemionus using 4051 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 406 individuals sampled across multiple habitats throughout Wyoming, USA. We then identified environmental variables associated with genomic variation within genetic groups and statewide using a stepwise approach to first evaluate nonlinear relationships of landscape resistance with genetic distances and then use mixed-effects modeling to choose top landscape genomic models. We identified three admixed genetic groups of mule deer and found that environmental variables associated with gene flow varied among genetic groups, revealing scale-dependent and regional variation in functional connectivity. At the statewide scale, more gene flow occurred in areas with low elevation and mixed habitat. In the southern genetic group, more gene flow occurred in areas with low elevation. In the northern genetic group, more gene flow occurred in grassland and forest habitats, while highways and energy infrastructure reduced gene flow. In the western genetic group, the null model of isolation by distance best represented genetic patterns. Overall, our findings highlight the role of different seasonal ranges on mule deer genetic connectivity, and show that anthropogenic features hinder connectivity. This study demonstrates the value of combining a large, genome-wide marker set with recent advances in landscape genomics to evaluate functional connectivity in a wide-ranging migratory species.
Long-distance migrations influence the dynamics of hostpathogen interactions and understanding the role of migratory waterfowl in the spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) is important. While wild geese have been associated with outbreak events, disease ecology of closely related species has not been studied to the same extent. The swan goose (Anser cygnoides) and the bar-headed goose (Anser indicus) are congeneric species with distinctly different HPAIV infection records; the former with few and the latter with numerous records. We compared movements of these species, as well as the more distantly related whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) through their annual migratory cycle to better understand exposure to HPAIV events and how this compares within and between congeneric and noncongeneric species. In spite of their record of fewer infections, swan geese were more likely to come in contact with disease outbreaks than bar-headed geese. We propose two possible explanations: i) frequent prolonged contact with domestic ducks increases innate immunity in swan geese, and/or ii) the stress of high-elevation migration reduces immunity of bar-headed geese. Continued efforts to improve our understanding of species-level pathogen response is critical to assessing disease transmission risk.
Large magnitude snow avalanches pose a hazard to humans and infrastructure worldwide. Analyzing the spatiotemporal behavior of avalanches and the contributory climate factors is important for understanding historical variability in climate-avalanche relationships as well as improving avalanche forecasting. We used established dendrochronological methods to develop a long-term (1867–2019) regional avalanche chronology for the Rocky Mountains of northwest Montana using tree-rings from 647 trees exhibiting 2134 avalanche-related growth disturbances. We then used principal component analysis and a generalized linear autoregressive moving average model to examine avalanche-climate relationships. Historically, large magnitude regional avalanche years were characterized by stormy winters with positive snowpack anomalies, with avalanche years over recent decades increasingly influenced by warmer temperatures and a shallow snowpack. The amount of snowpack across the region, represented by the first principal component, is shown to be directly related to avalanche probability. Coincident with warming and regional snowpack reductions, a decline of ~ 14% (~ 2% per decade) in overall large magnitude avalanche probability is apparent through the period 1950–2017. As continued climate warming drives further regional snowpack reductions in the study region our results suggest a decreased probability of regional large magnitude avalanche frequency associated with winters characterized by large snowpacks and a potential increase in large magnitude events driven by warming temperatures and spring precipitation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-89547-z","usgsCitation":"Peitzsch, E.H., Pederson, G.T., Birkeland, K.W., Hendrikx, J., and Fagre, D.B., 2021, Climate drivers of large magnitude snow avalanche years in the U.S. northern Rocky Mountains: Scientific Reports, v. 11, 10032, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89547-z.","productDescription":"10032, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124589","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89547-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 47.15984001304432\n ],\n [\n -111.22558593749999,\n 47.15984001304432\n ],\n [\n -111.22558593749999,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 47.15984001304432\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":202576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birkeland, Karl W.","contributorId":209943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birkeland","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":38033,"text":"U.S.D.A. Forest Service National Avalanche Center, Bozeman, Montana, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hendrikx, Jordy 0000-0001-6194-3596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6194-3596","contributorId":140954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendrikx","given":"Jordy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13628,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, P.O. Box 173480, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA. 59717.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70231470,"text":"70231470 - 2021 - Principles for collaborative risk communication: Reducing landslide losses in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T18:25:05.745749","indexId":"70231470","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T06:54:22","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2246,"text":"Journal of Emergency Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Principles for collaborative risk communication: Reducing landslide losses in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Landslides are frequent and damaging natural hazards that threaten the people and the natural and built environments of Puerto Rico. In 2017, more than 70,000 landslides were triggered across the island by heavy rainfall from Hurricane María, prompting requests by local professionals for landslide education and outreach materials. This article describes a novel collaborative risk communication framework that was developed to meet those requests and shaped the creation of a Spanish- and English-language Landslide Guide for Residents of Puerto Rico. Collaborative risk communication is defined here as an iterative process guided by a set of principles for the interdisciplinary coproduction of hazards information and communication products by local and external stakeholders. The process that supports this form of risk communication involves mapping out the risk communication stakeholders in the at-risk or disaster-affected location—in this case Puerto Rico—and collaborating over time to address a shared challenge, such as landslide hazards. The approach described in this article involved the formation of a core team of government and university partners that expanded in membership to conduct collaborative work with an informal network of hazards professionals from diverse sectors in Puerto Rico. The following principles guided this process: cultural competence, ethical engagement, listening, inclusive decision making, empathy, convergence research, nested mentoring, adaptability, and reciprocity. This article contributes to the field of risk communication and emergency management by detailing these principles and the associated process in order to motivate collaborative risk communication efforts in different geographic and cultural contexts. While the work described here focuses on addressing landslides, the principles and process are transferable to other natural, technological, and willful human-caused hazards. They may also serve as a roadmap for future partnerships among government agencies and university researchers to inform the cocreation of science education and outreach tools.
","language":"English","publisher":"Journal of Emergency Management","usgsCitation":"West, J., Davis, L.A., Lugo Bendezu, R., Alvarez Gandia, Y., Hughes, K.S., Godt, J.W., and Peek, L., 2021, Principles for collaborative risk communication: Reducing landslide losses in Puerto Rico: Journal of Emergency Management, v. 19, no. 8, p. 41-61.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"61","ipdsId":"IP-126215","costCenters":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400483,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wmpllc.org/ojs/index.php/jem/article/view/3044"},{"id":400498,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto 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Bendezu","given":"Raquel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62735,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alvarez Gandia, Yahaira","contributorId":291623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alvarez Gandia","given":"Yahaira","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62735,"text":"University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, K. Stephen","contributorId":218339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":16585,"text":"University of Puerto Rico - Mayaguez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":842725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":842726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Peek, Lori","contributorId":269659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peek","given":"Lori","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70227795,"text":"70227795 - 2021 - Gradient self-potential logging in the Rio Grande to identify gaining and losing reaches across the Mesilla Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T12:42:56.341708","indexId":"70227795","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-11T06:38:56","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gradient self-potential logging in the Rio Grande to identify gaining and losing reaches across the Mesilla Valley","docAbstract":"Little information exists on the habitat use and feeding ecology of insectivorous bats in arid ecosystems, especially at and near uranium mines in northern Arizona, within the Grand Canyon watershed. In 2015–2016, we conducted mist-netting, nightly acoustic monitoring (>1 year), and diet analyses of bats, as well as insect sampling, at 2 uranium mines (Pinenut and Arizona 1) with water containment ponds. Because of physical barriers and limited general access to areas within the mine yard, mist-netting was limited to outside of the perimeter fence and away from the containment ponds. Mist-netting also occurred at 2 nearby sites that served as proxies to the mines. Bats captured directly at the mines included one pregnant Antrozous pallidus and 3 adult male Parastrellus hesperus. At the proxy sites, we captured 45 individuals identified as A. pallidus, Corynorhinus townsendii, Eptesicus fuscus, Euderma maculatum, Lasionycteris noctivagans, Myotis californicus, Myotis ciliolabrum, P. hesperus, and Tadarida brasiliensis. The nightly and seasonal presence of bats, as shown through acoustic recordings at each mine, coincided with the seasonal migratory and hibernation behaviors of the bat species. Statistical comparisons of acoustic recordings with precipitation data collected over one year show that seasonal monsoon rains generally had a negative effect on the nightly activity and presence of bats. Diets of P. hesperus from both mines were comprised mostly of coleopterans but also included smaller volumes of Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Neuroptera. The diet of A. pallidus was comprised solely of Coleoptera. Diets of bat species from the proxy sites were characteristic of their known feeding ecology, which ranged from the consumption of soft-bodied insects (e.g., moths) by C. townsendii to the consumption of hard-bodied insects (e.g., beetles) by E. fuscus. Ultimately, the increased knowledge of the natural history of bats through multiple methods of data collection allows for a better understanding of complex arid ecosystems. It also provides resources needed for the management of habitat associated with alternative energy, such as uranium mining.
Volcanic eruptions are rare, but when they occur, they can profoundly affect nearby communities. In order to determine which communities are at risk, and in order for those communities to mitigate their risk, communities need to know whether they are in or near volcano hazard zones and have basic information about the hazards within those zones. In addition, individuals need to know whether they live in, work or go to school in, or cross volcano hazard zones as part of their routine so they can plan for what to do in the event of an eruption.
The purpose of this product is to serve as a starting point for dialogue with Indian Tribes of the Pacific Northwest who may be at risk from future volcanic eruptions. The map shows Tribal land boundaries and land-based volcano hazard zones, allowing Tribes to determine quickly if they are at risk from these hazards. A rose diagram in the map explanation shows typical Pacific Northwest wind directions and, hence, the most likely directions airborne material (tephra) from explosive eruptions will travel (primarily to the northeast, east, and southeast). We also provide basic information about the hazards and simple protective actions to take during unrest and eruptions, guidance for finding information about current volcanic activity and preparedness, and additional resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip209","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey Office of Tribal Relations","usgsCitation":"Gardner, C.A., and Bard, J.A., 2021, How would a volcanic eruption affect your Tribe?: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 209, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip209.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 66.00 x 36.00 inches","ipdsId":"IP-120998","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0209/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":385549,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0209/gip209.pdf","size":"17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -118.38867187500001,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -118.38867187500001,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 41.902277040963696\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Hazards Program
Cascades Volcano Observatory
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court
Vancouver, Washington, 98683-9589
Accurate population estimates provide the foundation for managing feral horses (Equus caballus ferus) across the western United States. Certain feral horse populations are protected by the Wild and Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971 and managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) or the United States Forest Service on designated herd management areas (HMAs) or wild horse territories, respectively. Horses are managed to achieve an appropriate management level (AML), which represents the number of horses determined by BLM to contribute to a thriving natural ecological balance and avoid deterioration of the range. To achieve AML for each HMA, BLM resource managers need accurate and precise population estimates. We tested the use of non-invasive fecal samples in a genetic capture-recapture framework to estimate population size in a closed horse population at the Little Book Cliffs HMA, Colorado, USA, with a known size of 153 individuals. We collected 1,957 samples over 3 independent sampling periods in 2014 and amplified them at 8 microsatellite loci. We applied mark-recapture models to determine population size using 954 samples that amplified at all 8 loci. We subsampled and reanalyzed our dataset to simulate different data collection protocols and evaluated effects on accuracy and precision of estimates using N-mixture modeling, full likelihood closed-capture modeling, and capwire single-occasion modeling that used data from all 3 sampling periods. Our model results were accurate and precise for analyses that used data from all 3 occasions; however, capwire single-occasion modeling was not accurate when we analyzed each sampling period separately. For all subsampling analysis scenarios, reducing sample size decreased precision, whether by reducing number of field staff, field days, or geographic areas surveyed on each period. Reducing spatial coverage of the survey area did not result in accurate population estimates and only marginally lowered the number of samples that would need to be collected to maintain accuracy. Because laboratory analysis contributes the greatest expense for this method ($80 U.S./sample), reducing fecal sample size is advantageous. Our results demonstrate that non-invasive sampling combined with good survey design and careful genetic and capture-recapture analyses can provide an alternative method to estimate the number of feral horses in a closed population. This method may be especially appropriate in situations where aerial inventories are not practical or accurate because of low sighting conditions. But the higher costs associated with laboratory sample analyses may reduce the method's feasibility compared to helicopter surveys.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22056","usgsCitation":"Schoenecker, K., King, S.R., Ekernas, L.S., and Oyler-McCance, S.J., 2021, Using fecal DNA and closed-capture models to estimate feral horse population size: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 85, no. 6, p. 1150-1161, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22056.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1150","endPage":"1161","ipdsId":"IP-103976","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Little Book Cliffs Horse management Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.49136352539062,\n 39.13432124527173\n ],\n [\n -108.34304809570312,\n 39.13432124527173\n ],\n [\n -108.34304809570312,\n 39.27691581029594\n ],\n [\n -108.49136352539062,\n 39.27691581029594\n ],\n [\n -108.49136352539062,\n 39.13432124527173\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenecker, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-9906-911X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-911X","contributorId":202531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kathryn A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Sarah R. B. 0000-0002-9316-7488","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9316-7488","contributorId":280063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ekernas, L. Stefan 0000-0002-9205-1985","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9205-1985","contributorId":223034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ekernas","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Stefan","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oyler-McCance, Sara J. 0000-0003-1599-8769 sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-8769","contributorId":1973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"Sara","email":"sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70220306,"text":"70220306 - 2021 - Surface Rupture Map of the 2020 M 6.5 Monte Cristo Range earthquake, Esmeralda and Mineral counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-03T11:53:49.707121","indexId":"70220306","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-10T10:02:04","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5655,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Map","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"190","title":"Surface Rupture Map of the 2020 M 6.5 Monte Cristo Range earthquake, Esmeralda and Mineral counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"The 15 May 2020, M6.5 Monte Cristo Range earthquake was the largest earthquake in Nevada in over 66 years and occurred in a sparsely populated area of western Nevada about 74 km southeast of the town of Hawthorne. The earthquake produced surface rupture distributed across a 28-km-long zone along the eastward projection of the Candelaria fault in the Mina deflection of the central Walker Lane. Post-event field surveys mapped surface ruptures and measured displacements, which reached up to ~20 cm of oblique slip. Additional detailed mapping was completed using centimeter-resolution orthomosaics generated from Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle surveys. The rupture observations and displacement data are compiled into this 1:14,000-scale map, data tables, and accompanying digital dataset. The rupture consists of two distinct deformational domains roughly separated by U.S. Highway 95: ENE-trending ruptures with normal and left-oblique displacements in the western domain, and N- to NNE-trending ruptures with normal and right-oblique displacement in the eastern domain. The complex pattern of surface rupture is consistent with the projections of mapped bedrock and Quaternary faults in the area and illustrates the kinematics of slip partitioning at the junction of variably oriented structures in the shallow subsurface.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Nevada, Reno","usgsCitation":"Dee, S., Koehler, R.D., Elliott, A.J., Hatem, A.E., Pickering, A., Pierce, I., Seitz, G.G., Collett, C.M., Dawson, T.E., De Masi, C., dePolo, C.M., Hartsorn, E., Madugo, C., Trexler, C.C., Verdugo, D.M., Wesnousky, S.G., and Zachariasen, J., 2021, Surface Rupture Map of the 2020 M 6.5 Monte Cristo Range earthquake, Esmeralda and Mineral counties, Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Map 190, Report: 26 p.; 2 Sheets: 42.00 x 42.00 inches; GIS Files.","productDescription":"Report: 26 p.; 2 Sheets: 42.00 x 42.00 inches; GIS Files","ipdsId":"IP-127048","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":386126,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.nbmg.unr.edu/Monte-Cristo-Range-EQ-p/m190.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Esmeralda County, Mineral County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.16506958007812,\n 36.97622678464096\n ],\n [\n -117.16781616210936,\n 38.003737861469666\n ],\n [\n -117.6910400390625,\n 38.47401919222663\n ],\n [\n -118.35296630859374,\n 37.896530447543\n ],\n [\n -118.42437744140625,\n 37.896530447543\n ],\n [\n -117.16506958007812,\n 36.97622678464096\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.6910400390625,\n 38.47294404791815\n ],\n [\n -118.19503784179688,\n 38.922023851268925\n ],\n [\n -118.19641113281249,\n 38.99997583555929\n ],\n [\n -117.88055419921875,\n 39.07144530820888\n ],\n [\n -118.91738891601561,\n 39.07784203269269\n ],\n [\n -119.02175903320311,\n 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0000-0003-0777-6939","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0777-6939","contributorId":215895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koehler","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, Austin John 0000-0001-5924-7268","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5924-7268","contributorId":248824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Austin","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatem, Alexandra Elise 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Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":139062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Collett, Camille Marie 0000-0003-4836-0243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4836-0243","contributorId":257819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Camille","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dawson, Timothy 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Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"De Masi, Conni","contributorId":257820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Masi","given":"Conni","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"dePolo, Craig M","contributorId":257821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"dePolo","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":6689,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hartsorn, Evan","contributorId":257822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartsorn","given":"Evan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16138,"text":"Desert Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Madugo, Christopher","contributorId":225600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madugo","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41169,"text":"Pacific Gas and Electric Company","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Trexler, Charles Cashman 0000-0001-5046-9729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5046-9729","contributorId":257823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trexler","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"Cashman","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Verdugo, Danielle M","contributorId":257824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verdugo","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":33607,"text":"University of California Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Wesnousky, Steven G.","contributorId":193416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wesnousky","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33746,"text":"Center for Neotectonic Studies, Reno, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Zachariasen, Judith","contributorId":195131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zachariasen","given":"Judith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":815102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70220545,"text":"70220545 - 2021 - Large-scale wildfire reduces population growth in a peripheral population of sage-grouse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-20T11:57:01.486743","indexId":"70220545","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-10T07:55:01","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale wildfire reduces population growth in a peripheral population of sage-grouse","docAbstract":"Drastic increases in wildfire size and frequency threaten western North American sagebrush (Artemisia L. spp.) ecosystems. At relatively large spatial scales, wildfire facilitates type conversion of sagebrush-dominated plant communities to monocultures of invasive annual grasses (e.g., Bromus tectorum L.). Annual grasses provide fine fuels that promote fire spread, contributing to a positive grass–fire feedback cycle that affects most sagebrush ecosystems, with expected habitat loss for resident wildlife populations. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus Bonaparte, 1827) are sagebrush obligate species that are indicators of sagebrush ecosystem function because they rely on different components of sagebrush ecosystems to meet seasonal life history needs. Because wildfire cannot be predicted, chronic impacts of wildfire on sage-grouse populations have been largely limited to correlative studies. Thus, evidence from well-designed experiments is needed to understand the specific mechanisms by which wildfire is detrimental to sage-grouse population dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s42408-021-00099-z","usgsCitation":"Dudley, I., Coates, P.S., Prochazka, B.G., O’Neil, S.T., Gardner, S.C., and Delehanty, D.J., 2021, Large-scale wildfire reduces population growth in a peripheral population of sage-grouse: Fire Ecology, v. 17, 15, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-021-00099-z.","productDescription":"15, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122119","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452316,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-021-00099-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9J3KRIZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Greater Sage-Grouse Nest Observations Before and After Wildfire Disturbance in Northeastern California 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Ian F","contributorId":258209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dudley","given":"Ian F","affiliations":[{"id":52236,"text":"former WERC, Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prochazka, Brian G. 0000-0001-7270-5550 bprochazka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-5550","contributorId":174839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prochazka","given":"Brian","email":"bprochazka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Neil, Shawn T. 0000-0002-0899-5220","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-5220","contributorId":206589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gardner, Scott C.","contributorId":192081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":815963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Delehanty, David J.","contributorId":195584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delehanty","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":815964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70227197,"text":"70227197 - 2021 - Zircon geochronology and geochemistry of Quaternary rhyolite domes of the Coso volcanic field, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T14:03:38.97849","indexId":"70227197","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-10T07:54:59","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zircon geochronology and geochemistry of Quaternary rhyolite domes of the Coso volcanic field, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"The Quaternary Coso volcanic field (CVF) is a compositionally bimodal volcanic field located within a releasing bend along the eastern range-front Sierra Nevada fault zone in California's southern Owens Valley. The erupted products of CVF silicic magmatism since ~1 Ma comprise 38 high-silica rhyolite domes, with the volumetric majority (~99%) of rhyolite emplaced within the past ~300 ka. The CVF hosts an economically important geothermal field driven by heat associated with a shallow (~5 km) igneous intrusion. The CVF is potentially an immature analog to the nearby Long Valley system, which culminated in generation and eruption of the voluminous and widespread Bishop Tuff. As such, the CVF represents a considerable volcanic hazard, making a detailed understanding of the eruptive history and pre-eruptive conditions of the system critically important. We present uranium-series isochron dates from zircon ± allanite crystal surfaces and zircon trace element geochemical data on the youngest 17 rhyolite domes at Coso, which represent ~60% (by volume) of the silicic magma erupted by the system. These data suggest: (1) a shorter emplacement duration than previously recognized for these domes, with a duration of 20 ± 5 ka; (2) 4 shorter-duration eruption pulses within this interval, all of which occur during the marine isotope stage (MIS) 5 interglacial period; (3) an uptick in the volume of CVF magma erupted between ~200 ka and ~ 78 ka relative to that emplaced over the lifetime of the system; (4) near-coeval eruption of geochemically distinct magma in close geographic proximity, either sourced from different portions of the same magma system at depth or from discrete, uncommunicating bodies; (5) ambiguity with respect to whether or not CVF magmatism is time-predictable, as previously suggested, or erupted as a series of punctuated episodes; (6) no rhyolite volcanism in the past ~78 kyr.
Coral reefs are effective natural coastal flood barriers that protect adjacent communities. Coral degradation compromises the coastal protection value of reefs while also reducing their other ecosystem services, making them a target for restoration. Here we provide a physics-based evaluation of how coral restoration can reduce coastal flooding for various types of reefs. Wave-driven flooding reduction is greatest for broader, shallower restorations on the upper fore reef and between the middle of the reef flat and the shoreline than for deeper locations on the fore reef or at the reef crest. These results indicate that to increase the coastal hazard risk reduction potential of reef restoration, more physically robust species of coral need to be outplanted to shallower, more energetic locations than more fragile, faster-growing species primarily being grown in coral nurseries. The optimization and quantification of coral reef restoration efforts to reduce coastal flooding may open hazard risk reduction funding for conservation purposes.