Recent restrictions on uranium mining within the Grand Canyon watershed have drawn attention to scientific data gaps in evaluating the possible effects of ore extraction to human populations as well as wildlife communities in the area. Tissue contaminant concentrations, one of the most basic data requirements to determine exposure, are not available for biota from any historical or active uranium mines in the region. The Canyon Uranium Mine is under development, providing a unique opportunity to characterize concentrations of uranium and other trace elements, as well as radiation levels in biota, found in the vicinity of the mine before ore extraction begins. Our study objectives were to identify contaminants of potential concern and critical contaminant exposure pathways for ecological receptors; conduct biological surveys to understand the local food web and refine the list of target species (ecological receptors) for contaminant analysis; and collect target species for contaminant analysis prior to the initiation of active mining. Contaminants of potential concern were identified as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, thallium, uranium, and zinc for chemical toxicity and uranium and associated radionuclides for radiation. The conceptual exposure model identified ingestion, inhalation, absorption, and dietary transfer (bioaccumulation or bioconcentration) as critical contaminant exposure pathways. The biological survey of plants, invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and small mammals is the first to document and provide ecological information on .200 species in and around the mine site; this study also provides critical baseline information about the local food web. Most of the species documented at the mine are common to ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa and pinyon–juniper Pinus–Juniperus spp. forests in northern Arizona and are not considered to have special conservation status by state or federal agencies; exceptions are the locally endemic Tusayan flameflower Phemeranthus validulus, the long-legged bat Myotis volans, and the Arizona bat Myotis occultus. The most common vertebrate species identified at the mine site included the Mexican spadefoot toad Spea multiplicata, plateau fence lizard Sceloporus tristichus, violetgreen swallow Tachycineta thalassina, pygmy nuthatch Sitta pygmaea, purple martin Progne subis, western bluebird Sialia mexicana, deermouse Peromyscus maniculatus, valley pocket gopher Thomomys bottae, cliff chipmunk Tamias dorsalis, black-tailed jackrabbit Lepus californicus, mule deer Odocoileus hemionus, and elk Cervus canadensis. A limited number of the most common species were collected for contaminant analysis to establish baseline contaminant and radiological concentrations prior to ore extraction. These empirical baseline data will help validate contaminant exposure pathways and potential threats from contaminant exposures to ecological receptors. Resource managers will also be able to use these data to determine the extent to which local species are exposed to chemical and radiation contamination once the mine is operational and producing ore. More broadly, these data could inform resource management decisions on mitigating chemical and radiation exposure of biota at high-grade uranium breccia pipes throughout the Grand Canyon watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3996/052014-JFWM-039","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J.E., Linder, G.L., Darrah, A.J., Drost, C.A., Duniway, M.C., Johnson, M.J., Mendez-Harclerode, F.M., Nowak, E., Valdez, E.W., van Riper, C., and Wolff, S., 2014, Exposure pathways and biological receptors: baseline data for the canyon uranium mine, Coconino County, Arizona: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 5, no. 2, p. 422-440, https://doi.org/10.3996/052014-JFWM-039.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"422","endPage":"440","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055758","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology 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linder2@usgs.gov","contributorId":1766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"Greg","email":"linder2@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darrah, Abigail J. adarrah@usgs.gov","contributorId":5883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darrah","given":"Abigail","email":"adarrah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":537451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science 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Francisca M.","contributorId":131136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendez-Harclerode","given":"Francisca","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7259,"text":"Bethel College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nowak, Erika M.","contributorId":14062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"Erika M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Valdez, Ernest W. 0000-0002-7262-3069 ernie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7262-3069","contributorId":3600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"Ernest","email":"ernie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 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System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T13:05:34","indexId":"70160766","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model to locate potential areas for lake sturgeon spawning habitat construction in the St. Clair–Detroit River System","docAbstract":"In response to a need for objective scientific information that could be used to help remediate loss of fish spawning habitat in the St. Clair River and Detroit River International Areas of Concern, this paper summarizes a large-scale geographic mapping investigation. Our study integrates data on two variables that many riverine fishes respond to in selecting where to spawn in these waters (water flow velocity and water depth) with available maps of the St. Clair–Detroit River System (SC–DRS). Our objectives were to locate and map these two physical components of fish habitat in the St. Clair and Detroit rivers and Lake St. Clair using a geographic information system (GIS) and to identify where, theoretically, fish spawning habitat could be remediated in these rivers. The target fish species to which this model applies is lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), but spawning reefs constructed for lake sturgeon in this system have been used for spawning by 17 species of fish. Our analysis revealed areas in each river that possessed suitable water velocity and depth for fish spawning and therefore could theoretically be remediated by the addition of rock-rubble substrate like that used at two previously remediated sites in the Detroit River at Belle Isle and Fighting Island. Results of our analysis revealed that only 3% of the total area of the SC–DRS possesses the necessary combination of water depth and high flow velocity to be indicated by the model as potential spawning habitat for lake sturgeon.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2014.02.002","usgsCitation":"Bennion, D., and Manny, B.A., 2014, A model to locate potential areas for lake sturgeon spawning habitat construction in the St. Clair–Detroit River System: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 40, no. Supplement 2, p. 43-51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.02.002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055219","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Michigan, Ontario","otherGeospatial":"St. Clair - Detroit River system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.4688720703125,\n 43.05082689000007\n ],\n [\n -82.276611328125,\n 43.030753001428344\n ],\n [\n -82.49359130859375,\n 42.551056983385934\n ],\n [\n -82.38922119140625,\n 42.508552415528634\n ],\n [\n -82.38372802734375,\n 42.309815415686664\n ],\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 42.273244264402734\n ],\n [\n -82.94952392578125,\n 42.309815415686664\n ],\n [\n -83.05389404296875,\n 42.259016415705766\n ],\n [\n -83.07037353515625,\n 42.04113400940809\n ],\n [\n -83.21319580078125,\n 42.0227732629691\n ],\n [\n -83.1884765625,\n 42.26714700815231\n ],\n [\n -82.957763671875,\n 42.415346114253616\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 42.583422001323584\n ],\n [\n -82.84515380859375,\n 42.68041629144619\n ],\n [\n -82.65838623046875,\n 42.718768102606354\n ],\n [\n -82.5457763671875,\n 42.66022161324799\n ],\n [\n -82.5238037109375,\n 42.783307077249624\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 42.90011265525328\n ],\n [\n -82.4688720703125,\n 43.05082689000007\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"Supplement 2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850e46e4b0a04ef493379f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennion, David 0000-0003-4927-4195 dbennion@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4927-4195","contributorId":149533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennion","given":"David","email":"dbennion@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manny, Bruce A. 0000-0002-4074-9329 bmanny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":3699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"Bruce","email":"bmanny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160701,"text":"70160701 - 2014 - Designing long-term fish community assessments in connecting channels: Lessons from the Saint Marys River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T12:25:38","indexId":"70160701","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Designing long-term fish community assessments in connecting channels: Lessons from the Saint Marys River","docAbstract":"Long-term surveys are useful in understanding trends in connecting channel fish communities; a gill net assessment in the Saint Marys River performed periodically since 1975 is the most comprehensive connecting channels sampling program within the Laurentian Great Lakes. We assessed efficiency of that survey, with intent to inform development of assessments at other connecting channels. We evaluated trends in community composition, effort versus estimates of species richness, ability to detect abundance changes for four species, and effects of subsampling yellow perch catches on size and age-structure metrics. Efficiency analysis revealed low power to detect changes in species abundance, whereas reduced effort could be considered to index species richness. Subsampling simulations indicated that subsampling would have allowed reliable estimates of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) population structure, while greatly reducing the number of fish that were assigned ages. Analyses of statistical power and efficiency of current sampling protocols are useful for managers collecting and using these types of data as well as for the development of new monitoring programs. Our approach provides insight into whether survey goals and objectives were being attained and can help evaluate ability of surveys to answer novel questions that arise as management strategies are refined.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2014.03.002","collaboration":"Saint Marys River Task Group, part of the Lake Huron Technical Committee","usgsCitation":"Schaeffer, J., Rogers, M.W., Fielder, D.G., Godby, N., Bowen, A.K., O'Connor, L., Parrish, J., Greenwood, S., Chong, S., and Wright, G., 2014, Designing long-term fish community assessments in connecting channels: Lessons from the Saint Marys River: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 40, no. Supplement 2, p. 15-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.03.002.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051355","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Saint Marys River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.60296630859375,\n 46.556971695640904\n ],\n [\n -84.66751098632812,\n 46.48515590043433\n ],\n [\n -84.61532592773438,\n 46.393358361631854\n ],\n [\n -84.462890625,\n 46.428392162921234\n ],\n [\n -84.4189453125,\n 46.46056554578543\n ],\n [\n -84.342041015625,\n 46.47191632087041\n ],\n [\n 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K.","contributorId":27398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Anjanette","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O'Connor, Lisa","contributorId":19402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parrish, Josh","contributorId":66511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Josh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Greenwood, Susan","contributorId":29240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chong, Stephen","contributorId":32013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chong","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wright, Greg","contributorId":54034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Greg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70147923,"text":"70147923 - 2014 - Accounting for imperfect detection and survey bias in statistical analysis of presence-only data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T11:39:45","indexId":"70147923","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accounting for imperfect detection and survey bias in statistical analysis of presence-only data","docAbstract":"Aim
\nDuring the past decade ecologists have attempted to estimate the parameters of species distribution models by combining locations of species presence observed in opportunistic surveys with spatially referenced covariates of occurrence. Several statistical models have been proposed for the analysis of presence-only data, but these models have largely ignored the effects of imperfect detection and survey bias. In this paper I describe a model-based approach for the analysis of presence-only data that accounts for errors in the detection of individuals and for biased selection of survey locations.
\nInnovation
\nI develop a hierarchical, statistical model that allows presence-only data to be analysed in conjunction with data acquired independently in planned surveys. One component of the model specifies the spatial distribution of individuals within a bounded, geographic region as a realization of a spatial point process. A second component of the model specifies two kinds of observations, the detection of individuals encountered during opportunistic surveys and the detection of individuals encountered during planned surveys.
\nMain conclusions
\nUsing mathematical proof and simulation-based comparisons, I demonstrate that biases induced by errors in detection or biased selection of survey locations can be reduced or eliminated by using the hierarchical model to analyse presence-only data in conjunction with counts observed in planned surveys. I show that a relatively small number of high-quality data (from planned surveys) can be used to leverage the information in presence-only observations, which usually have broad spatial coverage but may not be informative of both occurrence and detectability of individuals. Because a variety of sampling protocols can be used in planned surveys, this approach to the analysis of presence-only data is widely applicable. In addition, since the point-process model is formulated at the level of an individual, it can be extended to account for biological interactions between individuals and temporal changes in their spatial distributions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Scientific Publications","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/geb.12216","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., 2014, Accounting for imperfect detection and survey bias in statistical analysis of presence-only data: Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 23, no. 12, p. 1472-1484, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12216.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1472","endPage":"1484","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053071","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2ade4b0a92fa7e93bd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, Robert M. bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","contributorId":140635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert M.","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70147936,"text":"70147936 - 2014 - Raptor abundance and northern bobwhite survival and habitat use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T15:41:24","indexId":"70147936","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Raptor abundance and northern bobwhite survival and habitat use","docAbstract":"Predation risk has a profound influence on prey behavior and habitat use. The Rio Grande Plains ecoregion of Texas, USA, provides a unique opportunity to investigate changes in prey behavior because the ecoregion experiences a high influx of raptors every year during autumn migration. We used an 8-year data set (2000–2008) of radiocollared northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) and raptor abundance to test the hypothesis that bobwhites responded to increased raptor abundance via changes in woody-cover use at the home-range scale. Bobwhite survival was negatively correlated with raptor abundance, with red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), and northern harriers (Circus cyaneus) accounting for 51% of the variability in bobwhite survival (P < 0.010). However, we documented no change in the amount of woody cover used by bobwhites in their home range between the raptor migration (6.6% ± 0.5%; n = 73 bobwhites) and non-migration periods (7.1% ± 0.4%; n = 105 bobwhites; P = 0.490). In addition, bobwhites that survived the raptor migration period used similar amounts of woody cover within their home range (6.3% ± 0.6%, n = 58 bobwhites) compared with those dying during the migration period (6.8% ± 0.4%, n = 100 bobwhites; P = 0.530). Our data suggest that bobwhites do not alter their use of woody cover at the home-range scale in response to increasing raptor abundance, but this does not preclude increased use of woody cover at the point-of-use scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/wsb.476","usgsCitation":"Turner, J., Hernandez, F., Boal, C.W., Ballard, B.M., Bryant, F.C., and Wester, D., 2014, Raptor abundance and northern bobwhite survival and habitat use: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 4, p. 689-696, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.476.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"696","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044540","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/98ebc67177894e0680aba2c44ec9e551","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande 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F.","contributorId":101082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernandez","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ballard, Bart M.","contributorId":62932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Bart","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bryant, Fred C.","contributorId":140701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bryant","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wester, D.B.","contributorId":29649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wester","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70134331,"text":"70134331 - 2014 - A 21-year study of seasonal and interspecific variation of hatchling emergence in a nearctic freshwater turtle community: to overwinter or not to overwinter?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-02T12:00:52","indexId":"70134331","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1896,"text":"Herpetological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 21-year study of seasonal and interspecific variation of hatchling emergence in a nearctic freshwater turtle community: to overwinter or not to overwinter?","docAbstract":"Hatchling emergence patterns were studied in a community of six species of freshwater turtles in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. including: Chelydra serpentina, Chrysemys picta, Clemmys guttata, Glyptemys insculpta, G. muhlenbergii, and Sternotherus odoratus. Data were collected every year from 1965 to 1985 on estimated date of emergence, carapace length, April – May precipitation, August – September precipitation, annual precipitation, and low temperature and occurrence of precipitation during the 24-hrs prior to the time of each hatchling detection (n = 806). Chelydra serpentina, Ch. picta, and Cl. guttata hatchlings have a facultative delayed emergence strategy. The other species (G. insculpta, G. muhlenbergii, and S. odoratus) appear to be obligate early emergers, with the exception of one hatchling G. muhlenbergii that delayed emergence. Early emergence occurred in some species every year except 1973, the year following intense flooding and nest destruction associated with a major hurricane. However, the majority of hatchlings delayed emergence until the year following oviposition. Mean estimated calendar day of emergence varied annually in C. serpentina and Ch. picta. The same variable also varied among species for comparisons of both early and delayed emergence. Chelydra serpentina hatchlings emerged earlier than all other species whether they used an early or delayed strategy. Carapace length of Ch. picta hatchlings varied significantly among years and C. serpentina hatchlings that delayed emergence were significantly larger in carapace length than those that emerged early. Seasonal and previous 24-hr precipitation had varying effects on the number of emerging hatchlings, but August – September precipitation in one year had a strong correlation with the number of hatchlings that delayed emergence until the following spring. The number of hatchlings detected peaked at a previous 24-hour air temperature of about 12°C for both early and late emergence. Small species like G. muhlenbergii and S. odoratus may emerge early to limit potential hatchling competition in diverse communities of freshwater turtles with primarily delayed emergence.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Herpetologists' League, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J.E., Ernst, C.H., Ernst, E.M., and Riley, J.L., 2014, A 21-year study of seasonal and interspecific variation of hatchling emergence in a nearctic freshwater turtle community: to overwinter or not to overwinter?: Herpetological Monographs, v. 28, no. 1, p. 93-109.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053806","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-14-00001"},{"id":296380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ee2b4e4b09357f05f8a36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ernst, Carl H.","contributorId":22277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ernst","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ernst, Evelyn M.","contributorId":127606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ernst","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7076,"text":"Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC 16, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riley, Julia L.","contributorId":127607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riley","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7077,"text":"Dept of Biology, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 3V8, Canada; PRESENT ADDRESS: Dept of Biological Sciences, Division of Brain, Behaviour & Evolution, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70134901,"text":"70134901 - 2014 - Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: Krishna-Godavari Basin, Mahanadi Basin, Andaman Sea, Kerala-Konkan Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-09T11:36:59","indexId":"70134901","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: Krishna-Godavari Basin, Mahanadi Basin, Andaman Sea, Kerala-Konkan Basin","docAbstract":"Gas hydrate resource assessments that indicate enormous global volumes of gas present within hydrate accumulations have been one of the primary driving forces behind the growing interest in gas hydrates. Gas hydrate volumetric estimates in recent years have focused on documenting the geologic parameters in the “gas hydrate petroleum system” that control the occurrence of gas hydrates in nature. The primary goals of this report are to review our present understanding of the geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate in the offshore of India and to document the application of the petroleum system approach to the study of gas hydrates.
\nNational Gas Hydrate Program of India executed the National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 (NGHP-01) in 2006 in four areas located on the eastern and western margins of the Indian Peninsula and in the Andaman Sea. These areas have experienced very different tectonic and depositional histories. The peninsular margins are passive continental margins resulting from a series of rifting episodes during the breakup and dispersion of Gondwanaland to form the present Indian Ocean. The Andaman Sea is bounded on its western side by a convergent margin where the Indian plate lithosphere is being subducted beneath southeast Asia.
\nNGHP-01 drilled, logged, and/or cored 15 sites (31 holes) in the Krishna–Godavari Basin, 4 sites (5 holes) in the Mahanadi Basin, 1 site (2 holes) in the Andaman Sea, and 1 site (1 hole) in the Kerala–Konkan Basin. Holes were drilled using standard drilling methods for the purpose of logging-while-drilling and dedicated wireline logging; as well as through the use of a variety of standard coring systems and specialized pressure coring systems.
\nNGHP-01 yielded evidence of gas hydrate from downhole log and core data obtained from all the sites in the Krishna–Godavari Basin, the Mahanadi Basin, and in the Andaman Sea. The site drilled in the Kerala–Konkan Basin during NGHP-01 did not yield any evidence of gas hydrate. Most of the downhole log-inferred gas hydrate and core-recovered gas hydrate were characterized as either fracture-filling in clay-dominated sediments or as pore-filling or grain-displacement particles disseminated in both fine- and coarse-grained sediments. Geochemical analyses of gases obtained from sediment cores recovered during NGHP-01 indicated that the gas in most all of the hydrates in the offshore of India is derived from microbial sources; only one site in the Andaman Sea exhibited limited evidence of a thermogenic gas source. The gas hydrate petroleum system concept has been used to effectively characterize the geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrates in the offshore of India.
","language":"English","publisher":"Butterworth Scientific Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Guildford, Surrey","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.031","usgsCitation":"Kumar, P., Collett, T.S., Boswell, R., Cochran, J.R., Lall, M., Mazumdar, A., Ramana, M.V., Ramprasad, T., Riedel, M., Sain, K., Sathe, A.V., Vishwanath, K., and Yadav, U., 2014, Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: Krishna-Godavari Basin, Mahanadi Basin, Andaman Sea, Kerala-Konkan Basin: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 58, no. A, p. 29-98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.031.","productDescription":"70 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"98","numberOfPages":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058227","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1556756","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296475,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.031"}],"volume":"58","issue":"A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b50e4b02acb4f0c8c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumar, Pushpendra","contributorId":54886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"Pushpendra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boswell, Ray","contributorId":12307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cochran, James R.","contributorId":127762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cochran","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lall, Malcolm","contributorId":127755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lall","given":"Malcolm","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7136,"text":"Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Plot No 2, Sector 73, Noida, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mazumdar, Aninda","contributorId":127756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazumdar","given":"Aninda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7137,"text":"CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Donapaula, Goa 403004, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ramana, Mangipudi Venkata","contributorId":127757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramana","given":"Mangipudi","email":"","middleInitial":"Venkata","affiliations":[{"id":7138,"text":"Mauritius Oceanography Institute, Mauritius","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ramprasad, Tammisetti","contributorId":127758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramprasad","given":"Tammisetti","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7137,"text":"CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Donapaula, Goa 403004, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sain, Kalachand","contributorId":127759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sain","given":"Kalachand","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7139,"text":"CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sathe, Arun Vasant","contributorId":127760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sathe","given":"Arun","email":"","middleInitial":"Vasant","affiliations":[{"id":7140,"text":"Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd., KDM Inst. of Petroleum Exploration, Uttaranchal, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Vishwanath, Krishna","contributorId":127761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vishwanath","given":"Krishna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7136,"text":"Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Plot No 2, Sector 73, Noida, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Yadav, U.S.","contributorId":127763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yadav","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7141,"text":"Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd, KDM Institute of Petroleum Exploration, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70134501,"text":"70134501 - 2014 - Oil source-fingerprinting in support of polarimetric radar mapping of Macondo-252 oil in Gulf Coast marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T19:10:43.653397","indexId":"70134501","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oil source-fingerprinting in support of polarimetric radar mapping of Macondo-252 oil in Gulf Coast marshes","docAbstract":"Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data exhibited dramatic, spatially extensive changes from June 2009 to June 2010 in Barataria Bay, Louisiana. To determine whether these changes were associated with the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, twenty-nine sediment samples were collected in 2011 from shoreline and nearshore–interior coastal marsh locations where oil was not observed visually or with optical sensors during the spill. Oil source-fingerprinting and polytopic vector analysis were used to link DWH oil to PolSAR changes. Our results prove that DWH oil extended beyond shorelines and confirm the association between presence of DWH oil and PolSAR change. These results show that the DWH oil spill probably affected much more of the southeastern Louisiana marshland than originally concluded from ground and aerial surveys and verify that PolSAR is a powerful tool for tracking oil intrusion into marshes with high probability even where contamination is not visible from above the canopy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.032","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E.W., Meyer, B.M., Rangoonwala, A., Overton, E., Jones, C.E., and Bannister, T., 2014, Oil source-fingerprinting in support of polarimetric radar mapping of Macondo-252 oil in Gulf Coast marshes: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 89, no. 1-2, p. 85-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.032.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045074","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296370,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.64544677734375,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -89.417724609375,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -89.417724609375,\n 29.778681776917633\n ],\n [\n -90.64544677734375,\n 29.778681776917633\n ],\n [\n -90.64544677734375,\n 29.152161283318915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ee2cee4b09357f05f8a66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796 ramseye@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":2883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah","suffix":"III","email":"ramseye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, Buffy M.","contributorId":127644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"Buffy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7096,"text":"Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rangoonwala, Amina 0000-0002-0556-0598 rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":3455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"Amina","email":"rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Overton, Edward","contributorId":127645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overton","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7096,"text":"Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, Cathleen E.","contributorId":11890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Cathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bannister, Terri","contributorId":82836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannister","given":"Terri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70134921,"text":"70134921 - 2014 - Disease dynamics during wildlife translocations: disruptions to the host population and potential consequences for transmission in desert tortoise contact networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-09T11:03:35","indexId":"70134921","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disease dynamics during wildlife translocations: disruptions to the host population and potential consequences for transmission in desert tortoise contact networks","docAbstract":"Wildlife managers consider animal translocation a means of increasing the viability of a local population. However, augmentation may disrupt existing resident disease dynamics and initiate an outbreak that would effectively offset any advantages the translocation may have achieved. This paper examines fundamental concepts of disease ecology and identifies the conditions that will increase the likelihood of a disease outbreak following translocation. We highlight the importance of susceptibility to infection, population size and population connectivity – a characteristic likely affected by translocation but not often considered in risk assessments – in estimating outbreak risk due to translocation. We then explore these features in a species of conservation concern often translocated in the presence of infectious disease, the Mojave Desert tortoise, and use data from experimental tortoise translocations to detect changes in population connectivity that may influence pathogen transmission. Preliminary analyses comparing contact networks inferred from spatial data at control and translocation plots and infection simulation results through these networks suggest increased outbreak risk following translocation due to dispersal-driven changes in contact frequency and network structure. We outline future research goals to test these concepts and aid managers in designing effective risk assessment and intervention strategies that will improve translocation success.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, England","doi":"10.1111/acv.12147","usgsCitation":"Aiello, C.M., Nussear, K.E., Walde, A.D., Esque, T., Emblidge, P.G., Sah, P., Bansal, S., and Hudson, P., 2014, Disease dynamics during wildlife translocations: disruptions to the host population and potential consequences for transmission in desert tortoise contact networks: Animal Conservation, v. 17, no. Supplement S1, p. 27-39, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12147.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053827","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472605,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12147","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296521,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acv.12147/abstract"}],"volume":"17","issue":"Supplement S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b48e4b02acb4f0c8c28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aiello, Christina M. 0000-0002-2399-5464 caiello@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-5464","contributorId":5617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiello","given":"Christina","email":"caiello@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walde, Andrew D.","contributorId":127765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walde","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7143,"text":"Walde Resoarch & Environmental Consulting, Atascadero, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":127766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Emblidge, Patrick G. pemblidge@usgs.gov","contributorId":127767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emblidge","given":"Patrick","email":"pemblidge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7144,"text":"Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Penn State U, University Park, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sah, Pratha","contributorId":127768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sah","given":"Pratha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7145,"text":"Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington DC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bansal, S.","contributorId":127769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bansal","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7146,"text":"Georgetown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hudson, Peter J.","contributorId":85056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70135048,"text":"70135048 - 2014 - Simultaneous Gaussian and exponential inversion for improved analysis of shales by NMR relaxometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-09T10:36:48","indexId":"70135048","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2372,"text":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous Gaussian and exponential inversion for improved analysis of shales by NMR relaxometry","docAbstract":"Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry is commonly used to provide lithology-independent porosity and pore-size estimates for petroleum resource evaluation based on fluid-phase signals. However in shales, substantial hydrogen content is associated with solid and fluid signals and both may be detected. Depending on the motional regime, the signal from the solids may be best described using either exponential or Gaussian decay functions. When the inverse Laplace transform, the standard method for analysis of NMR relaxometry results, is applied to data containing Gaussian decays, this can lead to physically unrealistic responses such as signal or porosity overcall and relaxation times that are too short to be determined using the applied instrument settings. We apply a new simultaneous Gaussian-Exponential (SGE) inversion method to simulated data and measured results obtained on a variety of oil shale samples. The SGE inversion produces more physically realistic results than the inverse Laplace transform and displays more consistent relaxation behavior at high magnetic field strengths. Residuals for the SGE inversion are consistently lower than for the inverse Laplace method and signal overcall at short T2 times is mitigated. Beyond geological samples, the method can also be applied in other fields where the sample relaxation consists of both Gaussian and exponential decays, for example in material, medical and food sciences.
","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"San Diego, CA","doi":"10.1016/j.jmr.2014.10.015","usgsCitation":"Washburn, K.E., Anderssen, E., Vogt, S.J., Seymour, J.D., Birdwell, J.E., Kirkland, C.M., and Codd, S.L., 2014, Simultaneous Gaussian and exponential inversion for improved analysis of shales by NMR relaxometry: Journal of Magnetic Resonance, v. 250, p. 7-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2014.10.015.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059571","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/11536","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296482,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2014.10.015"}],"volume":"250","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b62e4b02acb4f0c8c51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Washburn, Kathryn E.","contributorId":76644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderssen, Endre","contributorId":127783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderssen","given":"Endre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogt, Sarah J.","contributorId":86267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogt","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seymour, Joseph D.","contributorId":59353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seymour","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kirkland, Catherine M.","contributorId":67414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkland","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Codd, Sarah L.","contributorId":70291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Codd","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70139355,"text":"70139355 - 2014 - A visualization tool to support decision making in environmental and biological planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-27T09:37:05","indexId":"70139355","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A visualization tool to support decision making in environmental and biological planning","docAbstract":"Large-scale ecosystem management involves consideration of many factors for informed decision making. The EverVIEW Data Viewer is a cross-platform desktop decision support tool to help decision makers compare simulation model outputs from competing plans for restoring Florida's Greater Everglades. The integration of NetCDF metadata conventions into EverVIEW allows end-users from multiple institutions within and beyond the Everglades restoration community to share information and tools. Our development process incorporates continuous interaction with targeted end-users for increased likelihood of adoption. One of EverVIEW's signature features is side-by-side map panels, which can be used to simultaneously compare species or habitat impacts from alternative restoration plans. Other features include examination of potential restoration plan impacts across multiple geographic or tabular displays, and animation through time. As a result of an iterative, standards-driven approach, EverVIEW is relevant to large-scale planning beyond Florida, and is used in multiple biological planning efforts in the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008","usgsCitation":"Romañach, S., McKelvy, M., Conzelmann, C., and Suir, K.J., 2014, A visualization tool to support decision making in environmental and biological planning: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 62, p. 221-229, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"229","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046311","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297571,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297563,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008"}],"volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a4fe4b08de9379b2fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romañach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":2331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romañach","given":"Stephanie S.","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKelvy, Mark 0000-0001-5465-2571 mckelvym@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-2571","contributorId":4865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKelvy","given":"Mark","email":"mckelvym@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conzelmann, Craig 0000-0002-4227-8719 conzelmannc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4227-8719","contributorId":2361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conzelmann","given":"Craig","email":"conzelmannc@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suir, Kevin J. 0000-0003-1570-9648 suirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-9648","contributorId":4894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suir","given":"Kevin","email":"suirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70139546,"text":"70139546 - 2014 - Identifying monitoring gaps for amphibian populations in a North American biodiversity hotspot, the southeastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-28T14:40:15","indexId":"70139546","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying monitoring gaps for amphibian populations in a North American biodiversity hotspot, the southeastern USA","docAbstract":"I review the primary literature to ascertain the status of amphibian monitoring efforts in the southeastern USA, a “hotspot” for biodiversity in North America. This effort revealed taxonomic, geographic and ecological disparities in studies of amphibian populations in this region. Of the species of anurans and caudates known to occur in the Southeast, 73.8 and 33.3 %, respectively, have been monitored continuously for at least 4 years. Anurans are generally shorter-lived than are caudates and, thus, have been studied for the equivalent of at least one population turnover more than have caudates. The percentage of species (of those occurring in a given state) monitored continuously for at least 4 years was lowest for Alabama and Mississippi and highest for Florida for both taxa. The vast majority of studies (69.6 %) were conducted on species that inhabit natural freshwater wetlands, in contrast to other aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Species considered threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature comprised only 7.7 % of 65 species that have been studied consistently. The majority of comparative studies of contemporary versus historical occurrences were potentially biased by the use of “presence-only” historical data and resurveys of short duration. Other issues, such as inadequate temporal and spatial scale and neglect of different sources of error, were common. Awareness of these data gaps and sampling and statistical issues may help facilitate informed decisions in setting future monitoring priorities, particularly with respect to species, habitats and locations that have been largely overlooked in past and ongoing studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10531-014-0782-7","usgsCitation":"Walls, S.C., 2014, Identifying monitoring gaps for amphibian populations in a North American biodiversity hotspot, the southeastern USA: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 23, no. 13, p. 3341-3357, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-014-0782-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"3341","endPage":"3357","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056114","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.0869140625,\n 24.44714958973082\n ],\n [\n -94.0869140625,\n 39.436192999314066\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 39.436192999314066\n ],\n [\n -75.5859375,\n 24.44714958973082\n ],\n [\n -94.0869140625,\n 24.44714958973082\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a87e4b08de9379b30d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155 swalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":138952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan","email":"swalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187377,"text":"70187377 - 2014 - A comparison of passive and active acoustic sampling for a bat community impacted by White-nose syndrome","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T10:31:47","indexId":"70187377","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of passive and active acoustic sampling for a bat community impacted by White-nose syndrome","docAbstract":"In the summers of 2011 and 2012, we compared passive and active acoustic sampling for bats at 31 sites at Fort Drum Military Installation, New York. We defined active sampling as acoustic sampling that occurred in 30-min intervals between the hours of sunset and 0200 with a user present to manipulate the directionality of the microphone. We defined passive sampling as acoustic sampling that occurred over a 12-h period (1900–0700 hours) without a user present and with the microphone set in a predetermined direction. We detected seven of the nine possible species at Fort Drum, including the federally endangered Indiana bat Myotis sodalis, the proposed-for-listing northern bat M. septentrionalis, the little brown bat M. lucifugus, and the big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus, which are impacted by white-nose syndrome (WNS); and the eastern red bat Lasiurus borealis, the hoary bat L. cinereus, and the silver-haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans, which are not known to be impacted by WNS. We did not detect two additional WNS-impacted species known to historically occur in the area: the eastern small-footed bat Myotis leibii and the tri-colored bat Perimyotis subflavus. Single-season occupancy models revealed lower detection probabilities of all detected species using active sampling versus passive sampling. Additionally, overall detection probabilities declined in detected WNS-impacted species between years. A paired t-test of simultaneous sampling on 21 occasions revealed that overall recorded foraging activity per hour was greater using active than passive sampling for big brown bats and greater using passive than active sampling for little brown bats. There was no significant difference in recorded activity between methods for other WNS-impacted species, presumably because these species have been so reduced in number that their “apparency” on the landscape is lower. Finally, a cost analysis of standard passive and active sampling protocols revealed that passive sampling is substantially more cost-effective than active sampling per hour of data collection. We recommend passive sampling over active sampling methodologies as they are defined in our study for detection probability and/or occupancy studies focused on declining bat species in areas that have experienced severe WNS-associated impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Journals","doi":"10.3996/082013-JFWM-057","usgsCitation":"Coleman, L.S., Ford, W.M., Dobony, C.A., and Britzke, E.R., 2014, A comparison of passive and active acoustic sampling for a bat community impacted by White-nose syndrome: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 5, no. 2, p. 217-226, https://doi.org/10.3996/082013-JFWM-057.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"226","ipdsId":"IP-051164","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/082013-jfwm-057","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492de4b0fc4e448ffd6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coleman, Laci S.","contributorId":171672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"Laci","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobony, Christopher A.","contributorId":171455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobony","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Britzke, Eric R.","contributorId":8327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britzke","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70144518,"text":"70144518 - 2014 - Temporal and spatial changes in golden eagle reproduction in relation to increased off highway vehicle activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:17:18","indexId":"70144518","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial changes in golden eagle reproduction in relation to increased off highway vehicle activity","docAbstract":"We used >40 years of data on golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) nesting in southwestern Idaho, USA, to assess whether the proportion of territories and pairs producing young has changed over time, and whether territories in areas where off highway vehicle (OHV) use has increased significantly were less likely to be productive than those in areas that continued to have little or no motorized recreation. The proportion of territories that produced young was similar across southwestern Idaho from the late 1960s to 1999. After a dramatic increase in OHV use from 1999 to 2009, occupancy and success of territories in close proximity to recreational trails and parking areas declined, and the proportion of these territories producing young differed significantly from territories not impacted by OHVs. We could not pinpoint which types of motorized activity are most disturbing, nor could we identify disturbance thresholds at which eagles abandon their eggs, their young, and finally their territory. Timing, proximity, duration, and frequency of disturbance could all play a role. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.451","usgsCitation":"Steenhof, K., Brown, J.L., and Kochert, M.N., 2014, Temporal and spatial changes in golden eagle reproduction in relation to increased off highway vehicle activity: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 4, p. 682-688, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.451.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"682","endPage":"688","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053499","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/3b673162db474e6fa1251ea6a8b396a9","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.63635253906249,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -116.63635253906249,\n 43.32118142926663\n ],\n [\n -115.697021484375,\n 43.32118142926663\n ],\n [\n -115.697021484375,\n 42.58544425738491\n ],\n [\n -116.63635253906249,\n 42.58544425738491\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bc52ee4b0323842783a57","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.451","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.451","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Steenhof Karen, Brown Jessi L., Kochert Michael N.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"7/1/2014","auditedOn":"2/8/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steenhof, Karen karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","contributorId":30585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"Karen","email":"karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jessi L.","contributorId":44817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Jessi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13184,"text":"Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kochert, Michael N. 0000-0002-4380-3298 mkochert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-3298","contributorId":3037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochert","given":"Michael","email":"mkochert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70138832,"text":"70138832 - 2014 - Estimating true instead of apparent survival using spatial Cormack-Jolly-Seber models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-23T09:51:16","indexId":"70138832","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating true instead of apparent survival using spatial Cormack-Jolly-Seber models","docAbstract":"Bed-sediment classification using high-frequency hydro-acoustic instruments is challenging when sediments are spatially heterogeneous, which is often the case in rivers. The use of acoustic backscatter to classify sediments is an attractive alternative to analysis of topography because it is potentially sensitive to grain-scale roughness. Here, a new method is presented which uses high-frequency acoustic backscatter from multibeam sonar to classify heterogeneous riverbed sediments by type (sand, gravel,rock) continuously in space and at small spatial resolution. In this, the first of a pair of papers that examine the scattering signatures from a heterogeneous riverbed, methods are presented to construct spatially explicit maps of spectral properties from geo-referenced point clouds of geometrically and radiometrically corrected echoes. Backscatter power spectra are computed to produce scale and amplitude metrics that collectively characterize the length scales of stochastic measures of riverbed scattering, termed ‘stochastic geometries’. Backscatter aggregated over small spatial scales have spectra that obey a power-law. This apparently self-affine behavior could instead arise from morphological- and grain-scale roughnesses over multiple overlapping scales, or riverbed scattering being transitional between Rayleigh and geometric regimes. Relationships exist between stochastic geometries of backscatter and areas of rough and smooth sediments. However, no one parameter can uniquely characterize a particular substrate, nor definitively separate the relative contributions of roughness and acoustic impedance (hardness). Combinations of spectral quantities do, however, have the potential to delineate riverbed sediment patchiness, in a data-driven approach comparing backscatter with bed-sediment observations (which is the subject of part two of this manuscript).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JF003189","usgsCitation":"Buscombe, D.D., Grams, P.E., and Kaplinski, M.A., 2014, Characterizing riverbed sediment using high-frequency acoustics 1: spectral properties of scattering: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 119, no. 12, p. 2674-2691, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JF003189.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2674","endPage":"2691","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056183","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003189","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5de4b08de9379b3010","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buscombe, Daniel D. 0000-0001-6217-5584 dbuscombe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-5584","contributorId":5020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buscombe","given":"Daniel","email":"dbuscombe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplinski, Matthew A.","contributorId":139210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaplinski","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186668,"text":"70186668 - 2014 - Widespread gas hydrate instability on the upper U.S. Beaufort margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T10:25:50","indexId":"70186668","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread gas hydrate instability on the upper U.S. Beaufort margin","docAbstract":"The most climate-sensitive methane hydrate deposits occur on upper continental slopes at depths close to the minimum pressure and maximum temperature for gas hydrate stability. At these water depths, small perturbations in intermediate ocean water temperatures can lead to gas hydrate dissociation. The Arctic Ocean has experienced more dramatic warming than lower latitudes, but observational data have not been used to study the interplay between upper slope gas hydrates and warming ocean waters. Here we use (a) legacy seismic data that constrain upper slope gas hydrate distributions on the U.S. Beaufort Sea margin, (b) Alaskan North Slope borehole data and offshore thermal gradients determined from gas hydrate stability zone thickness to infer regional heat flow, and (c) 1088 direct measurements to characterize multidecadal intermediate ocean warming in the U.S. Beaufort Sea. Combining these data with a three-dimensional thermal model shows that the observed gas hydrate stability zone is too deep by 100 to 250 m. The disparity can be partially attributed to several processes, but the most important is the reequilibration (thinning) of gas hydrates in response to significant (~0.5°C at 2σ certainty) warming of intermediate ocean temperatures over 39 years in a depth range that brackets the upper slope extent of the gas hydrate stability zone. Even in the absence of additional ocean warming, 0.44 to 2.2 Gt of methane could be released from reequilibrating gas hydrates into the sediments underlying an area of ~5–7.5 × 103 km2 on the U.S. Beaufort Sea upper slope during the next century.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011290","usgsCitation":"Phrampus, B.J., Hornbach, M.J., Ruppel, C., and Hart, P.E., 2014, Widespread gas hydrate instability on the upper U.S. Beaufort margin: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 12, p. 8594-8609, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011290.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"8594","endPage":"8609","ipdsId":"IP-059791","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1402351","text":"External Repository"},{"id":339397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 72.5\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 72.5\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 69.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a545e4b09da6799d63b1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014jb011290","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011290","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Phrampus Benjamin J., Hornbach Matthew J., Ruppel Carolyn D., Hart Patrick E.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","publicationDate":"12/2014","auditedOn":"12/7/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phrampus, Benjamin J.","contributorId":190655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phrampus","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornbach, Matthew J.","contributorId":14258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornbach","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":145770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn D.","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":690218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70129182,"text":"70129182 - 2014 - Eruptions at Lone Star geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 2. Constraints on subsurface dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T08:19:45","indexId":"70129182","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eruptions at Lone Star geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 2. Constraints on subsurface dynamics","docAbstract":"We use seismic, tilt, lidar, thermal, and gravity data from 32 consecutive eruption cycles of Lone Star geyser in Yellowstone National Park to identify key subsurface processes throughout the geyser's eruption cycle. Previously, we described measurements and analyses associated with the geyser's erupting jet dynamics. Here we show that seismicity is dominated by hydrothermal tremor (~5–40 Hz) attributed to the nucleation and/or collapse of vapor bubbles. Water discharge during eruption preplay triggers high-amplitude tremor pulses from a back azimuth aligned with the geyser cone, but during the rest of the eruption cycle it is shifted to the east-northeast. Moreover, ~4 min period ground surface displacements recur every 26 ± 8 min and are uncorrelated with the eruption cycle. Based on these observations, we conclude that (1) the dynamical behavior of the geyser is controlled by the thermo-mechanical coupling between the geyser conduit and a laterally offset reservoir periodically filled with a highly compressible two-phase mixture, (2) liquid and steam slugs periodically ascend into the shallow crust near the geyser system inducing detectable deformation, (3) eruptions occur when the pressure decrease associated with overflow from geyser conduit during preplay triggers an unstable feedback between vapor generation (cavitation) and mass discharge, and (4) flow choking at a constriction in the conduit arrests the runaway process and increases the saturated vapor pressure in the reservoir by a factor of ~10 during eruptions.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011526","usgsCitation":"Vandemeulebrouck, J., Sohn, R.A., Rudolph, M., Hurwitz, S., Manga, M., Johnston, M.J., Soule, S., McPhee, D., Glen, J., Karlstrom, L., and Murphy, F., 2014, Eruptions at Lone Star geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 2. Constraints on subsurface dynamics: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 119, no. 12, p. 8688-8707, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011526.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"8688","endPage":"8707","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060505","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011526","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Lone Star geyser, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.05804443359375,\n 44.39454219215587\n ],\n [\n -111.05804443359375,\n 44.69013547299005\n ],\n [\n -110.57189941406249,\n 44.69013547299005\n ],\n [\n -110.57189941406249,\n 44.39454219215587\n ],\n [\n -111.05804443359375,\n 44.39454219215587\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dcfdee4b0589fa1cbd7e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vandemeulebrouck, Jean","contributorId":101973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandemeulebrouck","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohn, Robert A.","contributorId":37258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudolph, Maxwell L.","contributorId":42122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudolph","given":"Maxwell L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":66559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnston, Malcolm J.S.","contributorId":105171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Soule, S. Adam","contributorId":116966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soule","given":"S. Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McPhee, Darcy 0000-0002-5177-3068 dmcphee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-3068","contributorId":2621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"Darcy","email":"dmcphee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":412,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M. G.","contributorId":45756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan M. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Karlstrom, Leif","contributorId":23048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karlstrom","given":"Leif","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Murphy, Fred fmurphy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Fred","email":"fmurphy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70144504,"text":"70144504 - 2014 - Volcanology: Lessons learned from Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T09:40:53","indexId":"70144504","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanology: Lessons learned from Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery","docAbstract":"Twenty years of continuous Earth observation by satellite SAR have resulted in numerous new insights into active volcanism, including a better understanding of subsurface magma storage and transport, deposition of volcanic materials on the surface, and the structure and development of volcanic edifices. This massive archive of data has resulted in fundamental leaps in our understanding of how volcanoes work – for example, identifying magma accumulation at supposedly quiescent volcanoes, even in remote areas or in the absence of ground-based data. In addition, global compilations of volcanic activity facilitate comparison of deformation behavior between different volcanic arcs and statistical evaluation of the strong link between deformation and eruption. SAR data are also increasingly used in timely hazard evaluation thanks to decreases in data latency and growth in processing and analysis techniques. The existing archive of SAR imagery is on the cusp of being enhanced by a new generation of satellite SAR missions, in addition to ground-based and airborne SAR systems, which will provide enhanced temporal and spatial resolution, broader geographic coverage, and improved availability of data to the scientific community. Now is therefore an opportune time to review the contributions of SAR imagery to volcano science, monitoring, and hazard mitigation, and to explore the future potential for SAR in volcanology. Provided that the ever-growing volume of SAR data can be managed effectively, we expect the future application of SAR data to expand from being a research tool for analyzing volcanic activity after the fact, to being a monitoring and research tool capable of imaging a wide variety of processes on different temporal and spatial scales as those processes are occurring. These data can then be used to develop new models of how volcanoes work and to improve quantitative forecasts of volcanic activity as a means of mitigating risk from future eruptions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.010","usgsCitation":"Pinel, V., Poland, M.P., and Hooper, A., 2014, Volcanology: Lessons learned from Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 289, p. 81-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.010.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"113","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057840","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"289","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bc52fe4b0323842783a5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pinel, Virginie","contributorId":139984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinel","given":"Virginie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13343,"text":"Université de Savoie · ISTerre Sciences Institute EARTH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":127857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooper, Andrew","contributorId":139985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hooper","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70140709,"text":"70140709 - 2014 - Characterizing riverbed sediment using high-frequency acoustics 2: scattering signatures of Colorado River bed sediment in Marble and Grand Canyons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-12T11:10:07","indexId":"70140709","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing riverbed sediment using high-frequency acoustics 2: scattering signatures of Colorado River bed sediment in Marble and Grand Canyons","docAbstract":"In this, the second of a pair of papers on the statistical signatures of riverbed sediment in high-frequency acoustic backscatter, spatially explicit maps of the stochastic geometries (length- and amplitude-scales) of backscatter are related to patches of riverbed surfaces composed of known sediment types, as determined by geo-referenced underwater video observations. Statistics of backscatter magnitudes alone are found to be poor discriminators between sediment types. However, the variance of the power spectrum, and the intercept and slope from a power-law spectral form (termed the spectral strength and exponent, respectively) successfully discriminate between sediment types. A decision-tree approach was able to classify spatially heterogeneous patches of homogeneous sands, gravels (and sand-gravel mixtures), and cobbles/boulders with 95, 88, and 91% accuracy, respectively. Application to sites outside the calibration, and surveys made at calibration sites at different times, were plausible based on observations from underwater video. Analysis of decision trees built with different training data sets suggested that the spectral exponent was consistently the most important variable in the classification. In the absence of theory concerning how spatially variable sediment surfaces scatter high-frequency sound, the primary advantage of this data-driven approach to classify bed sediment over alternatives is that spectral methods have well understood properties and make no assumptions about the distributional form of the fluctuating component of backscatter over small spatial scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JF003191","usgsCitation":"Buscombe, D.D., Grams, P.E., and Kaplinski, M.A., 2014, Characterizing riverbed sediment using high-frequency acoustics 2: scattering signatures of Colorado River bed sediment in Marble and Grand Canyons: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 119, no. 12, p. 2692-2710, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JF003191.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2692","endPage":"2710","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056184","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003191","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon, Marble Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.82409667968749,\n 35.733136223133926\n ],\n [\n -112.82409667968749,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -111.3848876953125,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -111.3848876953125,\n 35.733136223133926\n ],\n [\n -112.82409667968749,\n 35.733136223133926\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5de4b08de9379b3012","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buscombe, Daniel D. 0000-0001-6217-5584 dbuscombe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-5584","contributorId":5020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buscombe","given":"Daniel","email":"dbuscombe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplinski, Matthew A.","contributorId":139210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaplinski","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192528,"text":"70192528 - 2014 - What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:28:48","indexId":"70192528","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?","docAbstract":"Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to explain and predict species ranges and environmental niches. They are most commonly constructed by inferring species' occurrence–environment relationships using statistical and machine-learning methods. The variety of methods that can be used to construct SDMs (e.g. generalized linear/additive models, tree-based models, maximum entropy, etc.), and the variety of ways that such models can be implemented, permits substantial flexibility in SDM complexity. Building models with an appropriate amount of complexity for the study objectives is critical for robust inference. We characterize complexity as the shape of the inferred occurrence–environment relationships and the number of parameters used to describe them, and search for insights into whether additional complexity is informative or superfluous. By building ‘under fit’ models, having insufficient flexibility to describe observed occurrence–environment relationships, we risk misunderstanding the factors shaping species distributions. By building ‘over fit’ models, with excessive flexibility, we risk inadvertently ascribing pattern to noise or building opaque models. However, model selection can be challenging, especially when comparing models constructed under different modeling approaches. Here we argue for a more pragmatic approach: researchers should constrain the complexity of their models based on study objective, attributes of the data, and an understanding of how these interact with the underlying biological processes. We discuss guidelines for balancing under fitting with over fitting and consequently how complexity affects decisions made during model building. Although some generalities are possible, our discussion reflects differences in opinions that favor simpler versus more complex models. We conclude that combining insights from both simple and complex SDM building approaches best advances our knowledge of current and future species ranges.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.00845","usgsCitation":"Merow, C., Smith, M.J., Edwards, T., Guisan, A., McMahon, S.M., Normand, S., Thuiller, W., Wuest, R.O., Zimmermann, N.E., and Elith, J., 2014, What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models?: Ecography, v. 37, no. 12, p. 1267-1281, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00845.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1267","endPage":"1281","ipdsId":"IP-055634","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.00845","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ece2e4b09af898c8cd32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merow, Cory","contributorId":198540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merow","given":"Cory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Matthew J.","contributorId":61701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":191916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guisan, Antoine","contributorId":47943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guisan","given":"Antoine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McMahon, Sean M. 0000-0001-8302-6908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8302-6908","contributorId":197833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMahon","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Normand, Signe","contributorId":30545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normand","given":"Signe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thuiller, Wilfried","contributorId":38059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thuiller","given":"Wilfried","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wuest, Rafael O.","contributorId":198544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wuest","given":"Rafael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zimmermann, Niklaus E.","contributorId":68446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"Niklaus","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Elith, Jane","contributorId":14546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elith","given":"Jane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70117702,"text":"70117702 - 2014 - Predicting occupancy for pygmy rabbits in Wyoming: an independent evaluation of two species distribution models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:16:49","indexId":"70117702","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting occupancy for pygmy rabbits in Wyoming: an independent evaluation of two species distribution models","docAbstract":"Species distribution models are an important component of natural-resource conservation planning efforts. Independent, external evaluation of their accuracy is important before they are used in management contexts. We evaluated the classification accuracy of two species distribution models designed to predict the distribution of pygmy rabbit Brachylagus idahoensis habitat in southwestern Wyoming, USA. The Nature Conservancy model was deductive and based on published information and expert opinion, whereas the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database model was statistically derived using historical observation data. We randomly selected 187 evaluation survey points throughout southwestern Wyoming in areas predicted to be habitat and areas predicted to be nonhabitat for each model. The Nature Conservancy model correctly classified 39 of 77 (50.6%) unoccupied evaluation plots and 65 of 88 (73.9%) occupied plots for an overall classification success of 63.3%. The Wyoming Natural Diversity Database model correctly classified 53 of 95 (55.8%) unoccupied plots and 59 of 88 (67.0%) occupied plots for an overall classification success of 61.2%. Based on 95% asymptotic confidence intervals, classification success of the two models did not differ. The models jointly classified 10.8% of the area as habitat and 47.4% of the area as nonhabitat, but were discordant in classifying the remaining 41.9% of the area. To evaluate how anthropogenic development affected model predictive success, we surveyed 120 additional plots among three density levels of gas-field road networks. Classification success declined sharply for both models as road-density level increased beyond 5 km of roads per km-squared area. Both models were more effective at predicting habitat than nonhabitat in relatively undeveloped areas, and neither was effective at accounting for the effects of gas-energy-development road networks. Resource managers who wish to know the amount of pygmy rabbit habitat present in an area or wanting to direct gas-drilling efforts away from pygmy rabbit habitat may want to consider both models in an ensemble manner, where more confidence is placed in mapped areas (i.e., pixels) for which both models agree than for areas where there is model disagreement.
","language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Journals","doi":"10.3996/022014-JFWM-016","usgsCitation":"Germaine, S., Ignizio, D., Keinath, D., and Copeland, H., 2014, Predicting occupancy for pygmy rabbits in Wyoming: an independent evaluation of two species distribution models: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 5, no. 2, p. 298-314, https://doi.org/10.3996/022014-JFWM-016.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"298","endPage":"314","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053665","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/022014-jfwm-016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297449,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 45.120052841530516\n ],\n [\n -103.974609375,\n 45.120052841530516\n ],\n [\n -104.1064453125,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -111.26953125,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 45.120052841530516\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2aa4e4b08de9379b315c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germaine, Steve 0000-0002-7614-2676 germaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-2676","contributorId":4743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germaine","given":"Steve","email":"germaines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ignizio, Drew 0000-0001-8054-5139","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-5139","contributorId":94602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ignizio","given":"Drew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keinath, Doug","contributorId":115136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keinath","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Copeland, Holly","contributorId":120920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"Holly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70124910,"text":"70124910 - 2014 - Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) activities at the Department of the Interior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T20:08:30.909493","indexId":"70124910","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) activities at the Department of the Interior","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) is responsible for protecting and managing the natural resources and heritage on almost 20% of the land in the United States. The DOI’s mission requires access to remotely sensed data over vast lands, including areas that are remote and potentially dangerous to access. Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) technology has the potential to enable the DOI to be a better steward of the land by: (1) Improving natural hazard forecasting and the analysis of the impacts. (2) Improving the understanding of climate change to better plan for likely impacts. (3) Developing precipitation and evaporation forecasting to better manage water resources. (4) Monitoring Arctic ice change and its impacts on ecosystems, coasts, and transportation. (5) Increasing safety and effectiveness of wildland fire management. (6) Enhancing search and rescue capabilities. (7) Broadening the abilities to monitor environmental or landscape conditions and changes. (8) Better understanding and protecting the Nation’s ecosystems. The initial operational testing and evaluations performed by the DOI have proven that UAS technology can be used to support many of the Department’s activities. UAS technology provides scientists a way to look longer, closer and more frequently at some of Earth’s most remote areas—places that were previously too dangerous or expensive to monitor in detail. The flexibility of operations and relative low cost to purchase and operate Small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) enhances the ability to track long-term landscape and environmental change. The initial testing indicates the operational costs are approximately 10% of traditional manned aircraft. In addition, users can quickly assess landscape-altering events such as wildland fires, floods and volcanoes. UAS technology will allow the DOI to do more with less and in the process enhance the Department’s ability to provide unbiased scientific information to help stakeholders make informed decisions. It will also provide a digital baseline record that can be archived and used when monitoring future events or conditions. One possible future scenario has scientists carrying sUAS into the field allowing quick deployment and operation to observe the environment or for emergency response. This scenario could also include a persistent monitoring capability provided by a UAS that can stay airborne over a small geographic area for days or weeks, or possibly longer. While the DOI focus is on sUAS, the Department recognizes that larger UAS systems will also play a role in meeting its mission. The Department anticipates meeting long-duration or specialized acquisition commitments, such as state or national aerial photography, by collaboration with other agencies or through commercial contracts. Even though the DOI continues to evaluate UAS and sensor technology to meet the Department’s mission, some of its bureaus are already moving towards an operational capability. The authors fully anticipate that by 2020 UAS will emerge as one of the primary platforms for DOI remote sensing applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Quirk, B.K., and Hutt, M.E., 2014, Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) activities at the Department of the Interior: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 80, no. 12, p. 1089-1095.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1089","endPage":"1095","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057845","costCenters":[{"id":498,"text":"Office of Land Remote Sensing (Geography)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cec1e4b08116168223f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quirk, Bruce K. quirk@usgs.gov","contributorId":4285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quirk","given":"Bruce","email":"quirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":519471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutt, Michael E. 0000-0002-3869-6096 mehutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-6096","contributorId":5037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Michael","email":"mehutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":641982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189303,"text":"70189303 - 2014 - The future of nearshore processes research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-12T11:04:59","indexId":"70189303","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"The future of nearshore processes research","docAbstract":"The nearshore is the transition region between land and the continental shelf including (from onshore to offshore) coastal plains, wetlands, estuaries, coastal cliffs, dunes, beaches, surf zones (regions of wave breaking), and the inner shelf (Figure ES-1). Nearshore regions are vital to the national economy, security, commerce, and recreation. The nearshore is dynamically evolving, is often densely populated, and is under increasing threat from sea level rise, long-term erosion, extreme storms, and anthropogenic influences. Worldwide, almost one billion people live at elevations within 10 m of present sea level. Long-term erosion threatens communities, infrastructure, ecosystems, and habitat. Extreme storms can cause billions of dollars of damage. Degraded water quality impacts ecosystem and human health. Nearshore processes, the complex interactions between water, sediment, biota, and humans, must be understood and predicted to manage this often highly developed yet vulnerable nearshore environment.
Over the past three decades, the understanding of nearshore processes has improved. However, societal needs are growing with increased coastal urbanization and threats of future climate change, and significant scientific challenges remain. To address these challenges, members of academia, industry, and federal agencies (USGS, USACE, NPS, NOAA, FEMA, ONR) met at the “The Past and Future of Nearshore Processes Research: Reflections on the Sallenger Years and a New Vision for the Future” workshop to develop a nearshore processes research vision where societal needs and science challenges intersect. The resulting vision is comprised of three broad research themes:
The scientists and engineers of the U.S. nearshore community are poised to make significant progress on these research themes, which have significant societal impact. The U.S. nearshore community, including academic, government, and industry colleagues, recommends multi-agency investment into a coordinated development of observational and modeling research infrastructure to address these themes, as discussed in the whitepaper. The observational infrastructure should include development of new sensors and methods, focused observational programs, and expanded nearshore observing systems. The modeling infrastructure should include improved process representation, better model coupling, incorporation of data assimilation techniques, and testing of real-time models. The observations will provide test beds to compare and improve models.
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We describe a hidden Markov model (HMM) framework that integrates a mark loss model with a Cormack–Jolly–Seber model for survival estimation. Mark loss can be estimated with single-marked animals as long as a sub-sample of animals has a permanent mark. Double-marking provides an estimate of mark loss assuming independence but dependence can be modeled with a permanently marked sub-sample. We use a log-linear approach to include covariates for mark loss and dependence which is more flexible than existing published methods for integrated models. The HMM approach is demonstrated with a dataset of black bears (Ursus americanus) with two ear tags and a subset of which were permanently marked with tattoos. The data were analyzed with and without the tattoo. Dropping the tattoos resulted in estimates of survival that were reduced by 0.005–0.035 due to tag loss dependence that could not be modeled. We also analyzed the data with and without the tattoo using a single tag. By not using.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13253-014-0190-1","usgsCitation":"Laake, J.L., Johnson, D., Diefenbach, D.R., and Ternent, M.A., 2014, Hidden Markov model for dependent mark loss and survival estimation: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, v. 19, no. 4, p. 522-538, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13253-014-0190-1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"538","ipdsId":"IP-057112","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030328e4b0e862d230f74f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laake, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":83851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laake","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":47524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ternent, Mark A.","contributorId":150194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ternent","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}