Annual waterfowl harvest in North America is estimated through a collaborative and strategic process, with federal harvest surveys the primary method of estimation. Sea duck hunters participating in federal harvest surveys represent a small proportion of the overall waterfowl hunting population, limiting the utility of harvest estimates for sea ducks. The long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis) is one such species. To partially address the paucity of long-tailed duck harvest survey information, we conducted in-person hunter surveys from 1 November through 4 December 2016 at a boat launch in Two Rivers, Wisconsin, USA (Lake Michigan), an important area for long-tailed duck harvest within the state. Hunters were present on 15 of 21 survey days, and we surveyed occupants of 62 individual hunting boats on 127 occasions. Long-tailed ducks were the most common (97%) of the 1,431 sea ducks reported harvested by hunters. Hunter harvest of long-tailed ducks averaged 3.8 (95% CI = 3.4, 4.1; range = 0–6) long-tailed ducks/hunter/day. We used count models to evaluate the effects of environmental variables on hunter participation and harvest of long-tailed ducks. Wave height was the most influential predictor variable for hunter participation; an information criterion-based best model (wave height + temperature) indicated that hunter participation decreased by 91.9% (95% CI = 79.3–97.1%) for each 1-m increase in wave height. Long-tailed duck harvest was positively associated with air temperature; the relationship indicated a 9.5% (95% CI = 6.2–12.9%) increase in long-tailed duck harvest with each degree increase in temperature. Our results contribute to the understanding of waterfowl hunter participation, hunter preferences, and harvest on Lake Michigan and can inform managers as they assess regulatory frameworks for sea duck hunting.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70182","usgsCitation":"Fara, L., Beatty, W.S., Gray, B.R., Kenow, K.P., and Eichholz, M.W., 2026, Harvest of long-tailed ducks from an important hunting location on Lake Michigan: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 90, no. 3, e70182, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70182.","productDescription":"e70182","ipdsId":"IP-171382","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Two Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.58814421174469,\n 44.16475294219143\n ],\n [\n -87.58814421174469,\n 44.13885420061274\n ],\n [\n -87.55382762153202,\n 44.13885420061274\n ],\n [\n -87.55382762153202,\n 44.16475294219143\n ],\n [\n -87.58814421174469,\n 44.16475294219143\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fara, Luke J.","contributorId":194768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fara","given":"Luke J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113 wbeatty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":173946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beatty","given":"William","email":"wbeatty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kenow, Kevin P. 0000-0002-3062-5197 kkenow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3062-5197","contributorId":3339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"Kevin","email":"kkenow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eichholz, Michael W.","contributorId":171365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eichholz","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":26877,"text":"Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273781,"text":"70273781 - 2026 - Latest Pleistocene to 19th-century earthquakes on bending-moment reverse faults of the Seattle fault zone, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-29T15:05:22.089312","indexId":"70273781","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-27T07:59:09","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Latest Pleistocene to 19th-century earthquakes on bending-moment reverse faults of the Seattle fault zone, Washington","docAbstract":"Fault-related folds and their associated secondary faults play a critical yet often underrecognized role in accommodating strain and generating earthquakes in active fold-and-thrust belts. In the Seattle fault zone (SFZ), Washington, USA, we present new paleoseismic, geomorphic, and geophysical evidence for late Pleistocene and Holocene earthquakes on shallow, south-dipping secondary faults—the Lytle Beach and Vasa Park faults—that lie within the hanging wall of the greater SFZ and are on trend with the primary, blind Blakely Harbor fault. Our data show that these structures have ruptured independently, producing localized uplift and deformation at the surface, with the most recent event (RH2) likely occurring in the early nineteenth century. While a temporal overlap between the late Pleistocene RH1 and VP1 earthquakes raises the possibility of a ≥35 km rupture along the Blakely Harbor fault, structural and temporal evidence instead supports independent rupture on individual faults related to folding. We interpret these faults as bending-moment reverse faults that formed within a synclinal hinge zone of the main fault, reflecting mechanical and kinematic influences of the broader fault system. Combined with prior studies, our findings indicate that faulting related to folding dominates the mode of strain release within the SFZ since the late Pleistocene with more frequent earthquake recurrence (∼350 yr) over the past ∼2500 yr.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B38333.1","usgsCitation":"Angster, S.J., Sherrod, B.L., Pearl, J., Staisch, L.M., Johns, W., and Blakely, R.J., 2026, Latest Pleistocene to 19th-century earthquakes on bending-moment reverse faults of the Seattle fault zone, Washington: GSA Bulletin, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/B38333.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169328","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Seattle","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.25111195305615,\n 48.899230690241126\n ],\n [\n -125.25111195305615,\n 47.269725066793995\n ],\n [\n -121.72996974638943,\n 47.269725066793995\n ],\n [\n -121.72996974638943,\n 48.899230690241126\n ],\n [\n -125.25111195305615,\n 48.899230690241126\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angster, Stephen J. 0000-0001-9250-8415","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9250-8415","contributorId":225610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angster","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearl, Jessie K. 0000-0002-1556-2159","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1556-2159","contributorId":336799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearl","given":"Jessie K.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Staisch, Lydia M. 0000-0002-1414-5994 lstaisch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-5994","contributorId":167068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staisch","given":"Lydia","email":"lstaisch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johns, Wes 0000-0003-0476-6364","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0476-6364","contributorId":365774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johns","given":"Wes","affiliations":[{"id":80905,"text":"Lettis Consultants International, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273873,"text":"70273873 - 2026 - Teach me how to pycap: A high-capacity well decision support tool using analytical solutions in Python","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-23T14:50:21.582142","indexId":"70273873","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-25T09:06:08","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Teach me how to pycap: A high-capacity well decision support tool using analytical solutions in Python","docAbstract":"Regulatory agencies in humid temperate environments rely on timely evaluations of streamflow depletion and drawdown to protect aquatic ecosystems and existing water users. Numerical models offer detailed insights, but their complexity and time demands often preclude their practical use in rapid decision-making. We present pycap-dss, an open-source Python package that implements a suite of analytical solutions for estimating streamflow depletion and drawdown. The tool supports superposition of multiple wells and time-varying pumping, enabling cumulative impact assessments in situations with multiple wells and streams. The software is modular and extensible, allowing users to interchange solutions or add new analytical methods. A YAML-based configuration supports batch processing of multiple wells, and an optional AnalysisProject class facilitates integration with regulatory workflows. Rigorous unit and regression testing ensures computational reliability, and continuous integration supports ongoing development. We demonstrate deterministic examples of drawdown where multiple solutions are readily compared and streamflow depletion with multiple wells in the Central Sands region of Wisconsin. We also show the value of Monte Carlo analyses of streamflow depletion in the same Central Sands example, leveraging computational efficiency to evaluate the uncertainty of individual and cumulative streamflow depletion calculations from over 200 high-capacity wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70046","usgsCitation":"Fienen, M., Pruitt, A., and Reeves, H.W., 2026, Teach me how to pycap: A high-capacity well decision support tool using analytical solutions in Python: Groundwater, v. 64, no. 2, p. 223-234, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70046.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"234","ipdsId":"IP-183720","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499748,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":499946,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70046","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Tomorrow River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.67725263192825,\n 44.6879674210181\n ],\n [\n -89.67725263192825,\n 44.15565808301017\n ],\n [\n -89.16563204911922,\n 44.15565808301017\n ],\n [\n -89.16563204911922,\n 44.6879674210181\n ],\n [\n -89.67725263192825,\n 44.6879674210181\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":245632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pruitt, Aaron","contributorId":214451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pruitt","given":"Aaron","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":955344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273948,"text":"70273948 - 2026 - Modeling carbon fluxes in tidal forested wetlands in the Mississippi river deltaic plain under various hydrologic conditions: Implications for river diversions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-02T17:49:22.623453","indexId":"70273948","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-24T09:23:03","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling carbon fluxes in tidal forested wetlands in the Mississippi river deltaic plain under various hydrologic conditions: Implications for river diversions","docAbstract":"Our understanding of the impacts of climate change, sea-level rise (SLR), and freshwater management on the magnitude and variability of carbon fluxes in tidal forested wetlands remains limited. In this study, we applied a process-driven wetland biogeochemistry model, Wetland Carbon Assessment Tool—DeNitrification-DeComposition (WCAT-DNDC) model to explore responses of carbon fluxes in tidal swamp forests to climate change-induced alterations in hydrologic conditions and to predict impacts of planned reintroduction of river flows. We selected twelve sites in three habitats (throughput, relict, degraded) inside the Lake Maurepas swamp forests (Louisiana, USA) to represent various hydrological and salinity regimes. Environmental scenarios included dry, average, and wet conditions, SLR (low and high), and a Mississippi River (MR) diversion. Simulation results showed that the responses of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), net primary productivity (NPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the Lake Maurepas swamp forests varied substantially among sites. However, the overall net carbon uptake capacity of the Lake Maurepas swamp forests was high (NEE: − 1143 to − 1650 g C m−2 yr−1), suggesting that Lake Maurepas swamp forests are large carbon sinks. The high net carbon uptake capacity could be significantly affected by climate change induced drought, flooding, and SLR with the bi-directional changes (increase or decrease) depending on the direction and magnitude of the hydrologic regime changes. The response of the net carbon uptake capacity to MR diversion is also bi-directional and site-specific, but enhancement of the capacity of NEE of up to − 1957 g C m2 yr−1 is possible, implying that MR diversion into the swamp forests could be beneficial in the context of carbon cycling and carbon sequestration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s11273-026-10111-5","usgsCitation":"Wang, H., Krauss, K.W., Shaffer, G.P., Patton, B., Kroes, D., Noe, G.E., Dai, Z., Dettwiller, L., and Trettin, C.C., 2026, Modeling carbon fluxes in tidal forested wetlands in the Mississippi river deltaic plain under various hydrologic conditions: Implications for river diversions: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 34, no. 1, 11, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-026-10111-5.","productDescription":"11, 27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180681","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500188,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":500214,"rank":2,"type":{"id":42,"text":"Open Access USGS Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70273948/full"},{"id":500215,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70273948/70273948.XML"},{"id":500683,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70273948/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Lake Maurepas swamp forests","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.21451630425345,\n 30.450162758345343\n ],\n [\n -90.90340771654913,\n 30.450162758345343\n ],\n [\n -90.90340771654913,\n 29.978620193311116\n ],\n [\n -90.21451630425345,\n 29.978620193311116\n ],\n [\n -90.21451630425345,\n 30.450162758345343\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Hongqing 0000-0002-2977-7732","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2977-7732","contributorId":222377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Hongqing","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W.","contributorId":366426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12699,"text":"Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Gary P.","contributorId":366427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Gary","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":28058,"text":"Southeastern Louisiana University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patton, Brett 0000-0002-7396-3452 pattonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-3452","contributorId":5458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"Brett","email":"pattonb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kroes, Daniel 0000-0001-9104-9077 dkroes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-9077","contributorId":3830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroes","given":"Daniel","email":"dkroes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dai, Zhaohua 0000-0002-0941-8345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-8345","contributorId":290409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dai","given":"Zhaohua","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dettwiller, Lindsey","contributorId":360880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettwiller","given":"Lindsey","affiliations":[{"id":28058,"text":"Southeastern Louisiana University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Trettin, Carl C.","contributorId":366432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trettin","given":"Carl","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36493,"text":"USDA Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70273779,"text":"70273779 - 2026 - Prioritizing resource protection and understanding potential susceptibility of springs to surficial changes in a low-temperature geothermal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-29T14:54:24.411943","indexId":"70273779","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-24T08:46:07","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prioritizing resource protection and understanding potential susceptibility of springs to surficial changes in a low-temperature geothermal system","docAbstract":"Geothermal systems are vulnerable to changes in water budget and composition, requiring science-based management. This study uses a dataset of spring water temperatures, time series of groundwater residence time tracers (tritium and carbon-14), and stable isotopes of water to understand geothermal flow in a low-temperature geothermal system in north west Colorado, United States (Steamboat Springs). The geothermal system is bisected by the Yampa River, necessitating a stream mass balance approach to quantify total discharge. Time series analysis of water temperature data provides a ranked list of features more susceptible to surficial changes, which is corroborated using time series of tritium which indicate spatially distinct patterns of mixing between modern and pre-modern groundwater. All springs contain a portion of pre-modern groundwater that is thousands to tens of thousands of years old, a period coinciding with melting of extensive Pleistocene glaciers that was likely one of the recharge sources to the geothermal system. Stream mass balance indicates that greater than 80% of the total geothermal discharge is derived from diffuse or small springs, highlighting the extensive nature of the geothermal outflow zone and the association with local geologic structures. This study provides baseline data to support management of the Steamboat Springs geothermal system and indicates the utility of these approaches in developing science-based geothermal management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2026.103615","usgsCitation":"Newman, C.P., and Pepin, J.D., 2026, Prioritizing resource protection and understanding potential susceptibility of springs to surficial changes in a low-temperature geothermal system: Geothermics, v. 136, 103615, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2026.103615.","productDescription":"103615, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180997","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2026.103615","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Steamboat Springs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.87961681380281,\n 40.567\n ],\n [\n -106.87961681380281,\n 40.45\n ],\n [\n -106.68,\n 40.45\n ],\n [\n -106.68,\n 40.567\n ],\n [\n -106.87961681380281,\n 40.567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"136","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newman, Connor P. 0000-0002-6978-3440","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6978-3440","contributorId":222596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Connor","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pepin, Jeff D. 0000-0002-7410-9979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-9979","contributorId":222161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pepin","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70274166,"text":"70274166 - 2026 - A catalogue of Do's and Don'ts in the modeling of environmental systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-03T15:08:37.444188","indexId":"70274166","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-24T08:01:33","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A catalogue of Do's and Don'ts in the modeling of environmental systems","docAbstract":"Modeling plays a vital role in understanding and managing complex environmental systems, but its credibility and quality depend heavily on a comprehensive set of defensible model activities and practices, especially when the system of interest is plagued with uncertainties and conflicting stakeholder perspectives. This paper proposes a catalogue of Do's and Don'ts to guide modelers in addressing the many pertinent considerations through the whole modeling cycle. This practical tool provides advice on approaching modeling effectively through adhering to good modeling practice. It emphasizes model choices that align with the model purpose and context, and the justification and documentation of modeling decisions and assumptions. Managing uncertainty is a core consideration. The identification, assessment and reporting of these uncertainties is important across the entire modeling process, which spans problem framing, technical design, implementation and application phases. Such good practices are critical for transparency and reliability of the modeling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106893","usgsCitation":"Sun, X., Jakeman, A.J., Hamilton, S.H., Grimm, V., Hunt, R.J., El Sawah, S., Wang, H., Croke, B., and Chen, M., 2026, A catalogue of Do's and Don'ts in the modeling of environmental systems: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 198, 106893, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106893.","productDescription":"106893, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176780","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500725,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"198","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sun, Xifu","contributorId":367094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Xifu","affiliations":[{"id":27305,"text":"Australia National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jakeman, Anthony J. 0000-0001-5282-2215","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-2215","contributorId":173848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jakeman","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17939,"text":"The Australian National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, Serena H","contributorId":248834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Serena","email":"","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[{"id":50035,"text":"School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grimm, Volker","contributorId":224014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimm","given":"Volker","affiliations":[{"id":26949,"text":"Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":214444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"El Sawah, Sondoss","contributorId":367096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"El Sawah","given":"Sondoss","affiliations":[{"id":87548,"text":"University of New South Wales Canberra","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wang, Hsiao-Hsuan","contributorId":349683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Hsiao-Hsuan","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Croke, Barry 0000-0001-9216-1554","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9216-1554","contributorId":248856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Croke","given":"Barry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27305,"text":"Australia National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chen, Min","contributorId":330043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Min","affiliations":[{"id":78773,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70274536,"text":"70274536 - 2026 - Extreme Potomac floods at Washington D.C. during the past 500 years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-31T15:13:33.863387","indexId":"70274536","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-23T10:08:43","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extreme Potomac floods at Washington D.C. during the past 500 years","docAbstract":"Washington D.C. faces one of the highest 100-year flood risks of any major city along the U.S. East Coast. In addition to storm-surge inundation during hurricanes and nor'easters, water-level observations for Washington are strongly skewed by major floods on the Potomac River. Using geologic and historic records we find new evidence for ice-jam flooding at Georgetown during the Little Ice Age, as recently as 1784, that was up to ∼2x the magnitude of the largest events of the past hundred years (1936, 1942). Over the 19th century (a) human modifications to the Potomac estuary as well as (b) increasingly heavy rainfall and (c) land-clearance in the watershed may have contributed to increasingly frequent large floods at Washington. Early surveys of the U.S. Capitol Building and other local landmarks also suggest sea level on the Potomac estuary at Washington has risen by upwards of 0.7 m (2.2 ft) since the 1790s.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL118329","usgsCitation":"Toomey, M., Cronin, T.M., Rodysill, J.R., Seidenstein, J.L., and Willard, D., 2026, Extreme Potomac floods at Washington D.C. during the past 500 years: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 53, no. 2, e2025GL118329, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL118329.","productDescription":"e2025GL118329, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171642","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl118329","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","city":"WAshington D.C.","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.12661486872723,\n 38.949829500116806\n ],\n [\n -77.12661486872723,\n 38.764446761388854\n ],\n [\n -76.97381536652976,\n 38.764446761388854\n ],\n [\n -76.97381536652976,\n 38.949829500116806\n ],\n [\n -77.12661486872723,\n 38.949829500116806\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toomey, Michael 0000-0003-0167-9273 mtoomey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0167-9273","contributorId":184097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toomey","given":"Michael","email":"mtoomey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodysill, Jessica R. 0000-0002-3602-7227 jrodysill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3602-7227","contributorId":207577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodysill","given":"Jessica","email":"jrodysill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seidenstein, Julia Lynn 0000-0002-0585-1977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-1977","contributorId":290625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seidenstein","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":269840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":958153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273771,"text":"70273771 - 2026 - Surface variable‐based machine learning for scalable arsenic prediction in undersampled areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T15:44:10.069314","indexId":"70273771","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-23T08:36:18","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16135,"text":"GeoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface variable‐based machine learning for scalable arsenic prediction in undersampled areas","docAbstract":"In the United States, private wells are not federally regulated, and many households do not test for Arsenic (As). Chronic exposure is linked with multiple health outcomes, and risk can change sharply over short distances and with well depth. Coarse maps or sparse sampling often miss exceedances. Most existing models operate at ∼1 km resolution and use groundwater chemistry or detailed geologic logs, which limits their use in undersampled areas where improved guidance is most needed. We overcome these limitations by developing a machine learning model for Minnesota, USA, that predicts As exposure risk using only surficial variables from remote sensing and global data sets. Variables related to surface water hydrology and geomorphology are selected based on mechanistic links that control redox conditions and As mobilization. Local training was essential, and surficial geology variables that are more sensitive to local conditions were needed to maximize model accuracy. The resulting complete model was sufficiently sensitive to generate accurate and detailed risk maps and depth profiles of As concentrations above the 10 μg/L maximum contaminant level. Accuracy depended on local training data density. We identified a training data density of 0.07 wells/km2 as a practical target for stable county-level performance. Maps of exceedance probabilities highlight priority areas for testing that are particularly important in rural communities that have received less sampling. These results support public health action by guiding where to install wells and where to test them, how much new sampling is needed, and where treatment outreach is most urgent.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001666","usgsCitation":"Azad, S., Stahl, M.O., Erickson, M., DeYoung, B.A., Connolly, C.T., Chillrud, L., Schilling, K., Navas-Acien, A., Basu, A., Mailloux, B., Bostick, B.C., and Chillrud, S.N., 2026, Surface variable‐based machine learning for scalable arsenic prediction in undersampled areas: GeoHealth, v. 10, no. 1, e2025GH001666, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GH001666.","productDescription":"e2025GH001666, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177700","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gh001666","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499171,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-92.204691,46.704041],[-92.205192,46.698341],[-92.183091,46.695241],[-92.176091,46.686341],[-92.204092,46.666941],[-92.201592,46.656641],[-92.207092,46.651941],[-92.242493,46.649241],[-92.256592,46.658741],[-92.270592,46.650741],[-92.274392,46.657441],[-92.286192,46.660342],[-92.287392,46.667342],[-92.291292,46.668142],[-92.292192,46.663308],[-92.294033,46.074377],[-92.332912,46.062697],[-92.35176,46.015685],[-92.372717,46.014198],[-92.410649,46.027259],[-92.428555,46.024241],[-92.442259,46.016177],[-92.453373,45.992913],[-92.464512,45.985038],[-92.461138,45.980216],[-92.469354,45.973811],[-92.527052,45.983245],[-92.548459,45.969056],[-92.551186,45.95224],[-92.60246,45.940815],[-92.614314,45.934529],[-92.638824,45.934166],[-92.638474,45.925971],[-92.659549,45.922937],[-92.676167,45.912072],[-92.675737,45.907478],[-92.707702,45.894901],[-92.734039,45.868108],[-92.739278,45.84758],[-92.765146,45.830183],[-92.757815,45.806574],[-92.776496,45.790014],[-92.784621,45.764196],[-92.809837,45.744172],[-92.869193,45.717568],[-92.870025,45.697272],[-92.875488,45.689014],[-92.887929,45.639006],[-92.882529,45.610216],[-92.886442,45.598679],[-92.883749,45.575483],[-92.871082,45.567581],[-92.823309,45.560934],[-92.770223,45.566939],[-92.726082,45.541112],[-92.726677,45.514462],[-92.702224,45.493046],[-92.680234,45.464344],[-92.653549,45.455346],[-92.646602,45.441635],[-92.650422,45.398507],[-92.664102,45.393309],[-92.676961,45.380137],[-92.678223,45.373604],[-92.70272,45.358472],[-92.698967,45.336374],[-92.709968,45.321302],[-92.737122,45.300459],[-92.761013,45.289028],[-92.760615,45.278827],[-92.751659,45.26591],[-92.760249,45.2496],[-92.751708,45.218666],[-92.763908,45.204866],[-92.767408,45.190166],[-92.764872,45.182812],[-92.752404,45.173916],[-92.757707,45.155466],[-92.739584,45.115598],[-92.744938,45.108309],[-92.791528,45.079647],[-92.803079,45.060978],[-92.793282,45.047178],[-92.770362,45.033803],[-92.76206,45.02432],[-92.771231,45.001378],[-92.769445,44.97215],[-92.754603,44.955767],[-92.750645,44.937299],[-92.758701,44.908979],[-92.774571,44.898084],[-92.773946,44.889997],[-92.764133,44.875905],[-92.769102,44.862167],[-92.765278,44.837186],[-92.78043,44.812589],[-92.785206,44.792303],[-92.805287,44.768361],[-92.807988,44.75147],[-92.787906,44.737432],[-92.737259,44.717155],[-92.700948,44.693751],[-92.660988,44.660884],[-92.632105,44.649027],[-92.619779,44.634195],[-92.621456,44.615017],[-92.601516,44.612052],[-92.586216,44.600088],[-92.569434,44.603539],[-92.549777,44.58113],[-92.549957,44.568988],[-92.540551,44.567258],[-92.518358,44.575183],[-92.493808,44.566063],[-92.481001,44.568276],[-92.455105,44.561886],[-92.433256,44.5655],[-92.399281,44.558292],[-92.361518,44.558935],[-92.336114,44.554004],[-92.314071,44.538014],[-92.302466,44.516487],[-92.302215,44.500298],[-92.291005,44.485464],[-92.232472,44.445434],[-92.195378,44.433792],[-92.124513,44.422115],[-92.111085,44.413948],[-92.078605,44.404869],[-92.056486,44.402729],[-92.038147,44.388731],[-91.970266,44.365842],[-91.941311,44.340978],[-91.92559,44.333548],[-91.918625,44.322671],[-91.913534,44.311392],[-91.924613,44.291815],[-91.896388,44.27469],[-91.896008,44.262871],[-91.88704,44.251772],[-91.892698,44.231105],[-91.877429,44.212921],[-91.872369,44.199167],[-91.829167,44.17835],[-91.808064,44.159262],[-91.751747,44.134786],[-91.721552,44.130342],[-91.710597,44.12048],[-91.708207,44.105186],[-91.69531,44.09857],[-91.68153,44.0974],[-91.667006,44.086964],[-91.647873,44.064109],[-91.638115,44.063285],[-91.610487,44.04931],[-91.59207,44.031372],[-91.507121,44.01898],[-91.48087,44.008145],[-91.463515,44.009041],[-91.432522,43.996827],[-91.407395,43.965148],[-91.385785,43.954239],[-91.366642,43.937463],[-91.357426,43.917231],[-91.347741,43.911964],[-91.338141,43.897664],[-91.320605,43.888491],[-91.310991,43.867381],[-91.284138,43.847065],[-91.262436,43.792166],[-91.244135,43.774667],[-91.255431,43.744876],[-91.255932,43.729849],[-91.268455,43.709824],[-91.273252,43.666623],[-91.271749,43.654929],[-91.262397,43.64176],[-91.268748,43.615348],[-91.232707,43.583533],[-91.232812,43.564842],[-91.243214,43.550722],[-91.243183,43.540309],[-91.232941,43.523967],[-91.218292,43.514434],[-91.217706,43.50055],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.453067,45.298115],[-96.489065,45.357071],[-96.521787,45.375645],[-96.562142,45.38609],[-96.617726,45.408092],[-96.680454,45.410499],[-96.692541,45.417338],[-96.731396,45.45702],[-96.76528,45.521414],[-96.857751,45.605962],[-96.844211,45.639583],[-96.835769,45.649648],[-96.760866,45.687518],[-96.745086,45.701576],[-96.662595,45.738682],[-96.641941,45.759871],[-96.627778,45.786239],[-96.583085,45.820024],[-96.574517,45.843098],[-96.561334,45.945655],[-96.57035,45.963595],[-96.57794,46.026874],[-96.559271,46.058272],[-96.554507,46.083978],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.56692,46.11475],[-96.563043,46.119512],[-96.571439,46.12572],[-96.56926,46.133686],[-96.579453,46.147601],[-96.577952,46.165843],[-96.587408,46.178164],[-96.584372,46.204155],[-96.59755,46.227733],[-96.598645,46.241626],[-96.590942,46.250183],[-96.59887,46.26069],[-96.595014,46.275135],[-96.60136,46.30413],[-96.599761,46.330386],[-96.619991,46.340135],[-96.618147,46.344295],[-96.629211,46.352654],[-96.644335,46.351908],[-96.646341,46.360982],[-96.655206,46.365964],[-96.658436,46.373391],[-96.666028,46.374566],[-96.669132,46.390037],[-96.680687,46.407383],[-96.688082,46.40788],[-96.701358,46.420584],[-96.703078,46.429467],[-96.718074,46.438255],[-96.715557,46.463232],[-96.73627,46.48138],[-96.737798,46.489785],[-96.733612,46.497224],[-96.737702,46.50077],[-96.738475,46.525793],[-96.744341,46.533006],[-96.743003,46.54294],[-96.74883,46.558127],[-96.744436,46.56596],[-96.746442,46.574078],[-96.772446,46.600129],[-96.774094,46.613288],[-96.78995,46.631531],[-96.790663,46.649112],[-96.798823,46.658071],[-96.792958,46.677427],[-96.784339,46.685054],[-96.790906,46.70297],[-96.779252,46.727429],[-96.784279,46.732993],[-96.781216,46.740944],[-96.787466,46.756753],[-96.784314,46.766973],[-96.796195,46.789881],[-96.795756,46.807795],[-96.801446,46.810401],[-96.80016,46.819664],[-96.787657,46.827817],[-96.789663,46.832306],[-96.779347,46.843672],[-96.781358,46.879363],[-96.768458,46.879563],[-96.767358,46.883663],[-96.773558,46.884763],[-96.776558,46.895663],[-96.759241,46.918223],[-96.761757,46.934663],[-96.78312,46.925482],[-96.79038,46.929398],[-96.791558,46.944464],[-96.797734,46.9464],[-96.798737,46.962399],[-96.821852,46.969372],[-96.82318,46.999965],[-96.834221,47.006671],[-96.829499,47.021537],[-96.818557,47.02778],[-96.821422,47.032842],[-96.819321,47.0529],[-96.824479,47.059682],[-96.818175,47.104193],[-96.827344,47.120144],[-96.824807,47.124968],[-96.831547,47.142017],[-96.822377,47.162744],[-96.829637,47.17497],[-96.826962,47.182802],[-96.838806,47.197894],[-96.832789,47.203911],[-96.838806,47.22502],[-96.832946,47.237588],[-96.83766,47.240876],[-96.835368,47.250428],[-96.841672,47.258164],[-96.838997,47.267716],[-96.842531,47.269531],[-96.844088,47.289981],[-96.832884,47.30449],[-96.841958,47.316907],[-96.835845,47.321014],[-96.835845,47.335914],[-96.852417,47.366241],[-96.848907,47.370565],[-96.852676,47.374973],[-96.846925,47.376891],[-96.840621,47.389881],[-96.845492,47.394179],[-96.844919,47.399815],[-96.863593,47.418775],[-96.85748,47.440457],[-96.859868,47.470926],[-96.85471,47.478281],[-96.85853,47.489934],[-96.851653,47.497098],[-96.851367,47.509037],[-96.866363,47.524893],[-96.85471,47.535973],[-96.859153,47.566355],[-96.853689,47.570381],[-96.856373,47.575749],[-96.851293,47.589264],[-96.856903,47.602329],[-96.855421,47.60875],[-96.873671,47.613654],[-96.871005,47.616832],[-96.879496,47.620576],[-96.882393,47.633489],[-96.888573,47.63845],[-96.882376,47.649025],[-96.88697,47.653049],[-96.887126,47.666369],[-96.895271,47.67357],[-96.899352,47.689473],[-96.908928,47.688722],[-96.907266,47.693976],[-96.920119,47.710383],[-96.923544,47.718201],[-96.919471,47.722515],[-96.932809,47.737139],[-96.928505,47.748037],[-96.934173,47.752412],[-96.939179,47.768397],[-96.9644,47.782995],[-96.957283,47.790147],[-96.966068,47.797297],[-96.975131,47.798326],[-96.980579,47.805614],[-96.979327,47.824533],[-96.986685,47.837639],[-96.998295,47.841724],[-96.998144,47.858882],[-97.005557,47.863977],[-97.002456,47.868677],[-97.023156,47.874978],[-97.019355,47.880278],[-97.024955,47.886878],[-97.019155,47.889778],[-97.024955,47.894978],[-97.020155,47.900478],[-97.024955,47.908178],[-97.017254,47.905678],[-97.015354,47.910278],[-97.023754,47.915878],[-97.018054,47.918078],[-97.035754,47.930179],[-97.036054,47.939379],[-97.054554,47.946279],[-97.052454,47.957179],[-97.061454,47.96358],[-97.053553,47.991612],[-97.064289,47.998508],[-97.066762,48.009558],[-97.063012,48.013179],[-97.072239,48.019107],[-97.068987,48.026267],[-97.072257,48.048068],[-97.097772,48.07108],[-97.103052,48.071669],[-97.099431,48.082106],[-97.105226,48.09044],[-97.104872,48.097851],[-97.109535,48.104723],[-97.123205,48.106648],[-97.120702,48.114987],[-97.131956,48.139563],[-97.141401,48.14359],[-97.138911,48.157793],[-97.146745,48.168556],[-97.141474,48.179099],[-97.146233,48.186054],[-97.134372,48.210434],[-97.136304,48.228984],[-97.141254,48.234668],[-97.135763,48.237596],[-97.138765,48.244991],[-97.127276,48.253323],[-97.131846,48.267589],[-97.11657,48.279661],[-97.12216,48.290056],[-97.128862,48.292882],[-97.122072,48.300865],[-97.132443,48.315489],[-97.127601,48.323319],[-97.134854,48.331314],[-97.131145,48.339722],[-97.147748,48.359905],[-97.140106,48.380479],[-97.145592,48.394195],[-97.135012,48.406735],[-97.142849,48.419471],[-97.1356,48.424369],[-97.139173,48.430528],[-97.134229,48.439797],[-97.137689,48.447583],[-97.132746,48.459942],[-97.144116,48.469212],[-97.141397,48.476256],[-97.144981,48.481571],[-97.140291,48.484722],[-97.138864,48.494362],[-97.148133,48.503384],[-97.153076,48.524148],[-97.150481,48.536877],[-97.163105,48.543855],[-97.160863,48.549236],[-97.152459,48.552326],[-97.158638,48.564067],[-97.149616,48.569876],[-97.14974,48.579516],[-97.142915,48.583733],[-97.143684,48.597066],[-97.137504,48.612268],[-97.132931,48.61338],[-97.130089,48.621166],[-97.125639,48.620919],[-97.125269,48.629694],[-97.108466,48.632658],[-97.111921,48.642918],[-97.100551,48.658614],[-97.102652,48.664793],[-97.097708,48.68395],[-97.118286,48.700573],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.136083,48.727763],[-97.139488,48.746611],[-97.151289,48.757428],[-97.147478,48.763698],[-97.154854,48.774515],[-97.157093,48.790024],[-97.163535,48.79507],[-97.165624,48.809627],[-97.180028,48.81845],[-97.177747,48.824815],[-97.181116,48.832741],[-97.173811,48.838309],[-97.175618,48.853105],[-97.187362,48.867598],[-97.185738,48.87222],[-97.197982,48.880341],[-97.197982,48.898332],[-97.210541,48.90439],[-97.211161,48.916649],[-97.217992,48.919735],[-97.218666,48.931781],[-97.224505,48.9341],[-97.232147,48.948955],[-97.230859,48.960891],[-97.239209,48.968684],[-97.237297,48.985696],[-97.230833,48.991303],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-95.153711,48.998903],[-95.15335,49.383079],[-95.126467,49.369439],[-95.058404,49.35317],[-95.014415,49.356405],[-94.988908,49.368897],[-94.957465,49.370186],[-94.854245,49.324154],[-94.816222,49.320987],[-94.824291,49.308834],[-94.82516,49.294283],[-94.797244,49.214284],[-94.797527,49.197791],[-94.773223,49.120733],[-94.750221,49.099763],[-94.750218,48.999992],[-94.718932,48.999991],[-94.683069,48.883929],[-94.684217,48.872399],[-94.692527,48.86895],[-94.693044,48.853392],[-94.685681,48.840119],[-94.701968,48.831778],[-94.704284,48.824284],[-94.694974,48.809206],[-94.694312,48.789352],[-94.690889,48.778066],[-94.651765,48.755913],[-94.645164,48.749975],[-94.645083,48.744143],[-94.61901,48.737374],[-94.58715,48.717599],[-94.549069,48.714653],[-94.533057,48.701262],[-94.452332,48.692444],[-94.438701,48.694889],[-94.416191,48.710948],[-94.384221,48.711806],[-94.342758,48.703382],[-94.308446,48.710239],[-94.290737,48.707747],[-94.260541,48.696381],[-94.251169,48.683514],[-94.254643,48.663888],[-94.250497,48.656654],[-94.224276,48.649527],[-94.091244,48.643669],[-94.065775,48.646104],[-94.035616,48.641018],[-94.006933,48.643193],[-93.944221,48.632294],[-93.91153,48.634673],[-93.840754,48.628548],[-93.824144,48.610724],[-93.806763,48.577616],[-93.811201,48.542385],[-93.818253,48.530046],[-93.794454,48.516021],[-93.656652,48.515731],[-93.643091,48.518294],[-93.628865,48.53121],[-93.612844,48.521876],[-93.60587,48.522472],[-93.594379,48.528793],[-93.547191,48.528684],[-93.467504,48.545664],[-93.460798,48.550552],[-93.456675,48.561834],[-93.465199,48.590659],[-93.438494,48.59338],[-93.405269,48.609344],[-93.395022,48.603303],[-93.371156,48.605085],[-93.362132,48.613832],[-93.35324,48.613378],[-93.349095,48.624935],[-93.254854,48.642784],[-93.207398,48.642474],[-93.178095,48.623339],[-93.088438,48.627597],[-92.984963,48.623731],[-92.954876,48.631493],[-92.95012,48.630419],[-92.949839,48.608269],[-92.929614,48.606874],[-92.909947,48.596313],[-92.894687,48.594915],[-92.728046,48.53929],[-92.657881,48.546263],[-92.634931,48.542873],[-92.625739,48.518189],[-92.631117,48.508252],[-92.627237,48.503383],[-92.636696,48.499428],[-92.654039,48.501635],[-92.661418,48.496557],[-92.698824,48.494892],[-92.712562,48.463013],[-92.687998,48.443889],[-92.656027,48.436709],[-92.507285,48.447875],[-92.475585,48.418793],[-92.456325,48.414204],[-92.456389,48.401134],[-92.47675,48.37176],[-92.469948,48.351836],[-92.437825,48.309839],[-92.416285,48.295463],[-92.369174,48.220268],[-92.336831,48.235383],[-92.269742,48.248241],[-92.273706,48.256747],[-92.294541,48.27156],[-92.292999,48.276404],[-92.301451,48.288608],[-92.294527,48.306454],[-92.306309,48.316442],[-92.304561,48.322977],[-92.295412,48.323957],[-92.288994,48.342991],[-92.26228,48.354933],[-92.222813,48.349203],[-92.216983,48.345114],[-92.206803,48.345596],[-92.203684,48.352063],[-92.178418,48.351881],[-92.177354,48.357228],[-92.145049,48.365651],[-92.143583,48.356121],[-92.083513,48.353865],[-92.077961,48.358253],[-92.055228,48.359213],[-92.045734,48.347901],[-92.046562,48.33474],[-92.037721,48.333183],[-92.030872,48.325824],[-92.000133,48.321355],[-92.01298,48.297391],[-92.006577,48.265421],[-91.989545,48.260214],[-91.976903,48.244626],[-91.971056,48.247667],[-91.971779,48.252977],[-91.954432,48.251678],[-91.952209,48.244394],[-91.957683,48.242683],[-91.957798,48.232989],[-91.941838,48.230602],[-91.915772,48.238871],[-91.89347,48.237699],[-91.884691,48.227321],[-91.867882,48.219095],[-91.864382,48.207031],[-91.815772,48.211748],[-91.809038,48.206013],[-91.79181,48.202492],[-91.789011,48.196549],[-91.756637,48.205022],[-91.749075,48.198844],[-91.741932,48.199122],[-91.742313,48.204491],[-91.714931,48.19913],[-91.711611,48.1891],[-91.721413,48.180255],[-91.724584,48.170657],[-91.705318,48.170775],[-91.70726,48.153661],[-91.698174,48.141643],[-91.699981,48.13184],[-91.712226,48.116883],[-91.703524,48.113548],[-91.682845,48.122118],[-91.687623,48.111698],[-91.676876,48.107264],[-91.665208,48.107011],[-91.653261,48.114137],[-91.653571,48.109567],[-91.640175,48.096926],[-91.559272,48.108268],[-91.552962,48.103012],[-91.569746,48.093348],[-91.575471,48.066294],[-91.575672,48.048791],[-91.567254,48.043719],[-91.488646,48.068065],[-91.45033,48.068806],[-91.437582,48.049248],[-91.429642,48.048608],[-91.391128,48.057075],[-91.370872,48.06941],[-91.365143,48.066968],[-91.340159,48.073236],[-91.332589,48.069331],[-91.26638,48.078713],[-91.214428,48.10294],[-91.190461,48.124891],[-91.183207,48.122235],[-91.176181,48.125811],[-91.137733,48.14915],[-91.139402,48.154738],[-91.092258,48.173101],[-91.082731,48.180756],[-91.024208,48.190072],[-90.976955,48.219452],[-90.914971,48.230603],[-90.88548,48.245784],[-90.875107,48.237784],[-90.847352,48.244443],[-90.839176,48.239511],[-90.836313,48.176963],[-90.832589,48.173765],[-90.821115,48.184709],[-90.817698,48.179569],[-90.804207,48.177833],[-90.796596,48.159373],[-90.777917,48.163801],[-90.778031,48.148723],[-90.79797,48.136894],[-90.787305,48.134196],[-90.789919,48.129902],[-90.76911,48.116585],[-90.761555,48.100133],[-90.751608,48.090968],[-90.641596,48.103515],[-90.626886,48.111846],[-90.59146,48.117546],[-90.582217,48.123784],[-90.55929,48.121683],[-90.555845,48.117069],[-90.569763,48.106951],[-90.567482,48.101178],[-90.556838,48.096008],[-90.487077,48.099082],[-90.467712,48.108818],[-90.438449,48.098747],[-90.403219,48.105114],[-90.374542,48.090942],[-90.367658,48.094577],[-90.344234,48.094447],[-90.330052,48.102399],[-90.312386,48.1053],[-90.289337,48.098993],[-90.224692,48.108148],[-90.188679,48.107947],[-90.176605,48.112445],[-90.136191,48.112136],[-90.116259,48.104303],[-90.073873,48.101138],[-90.023595,48.084708],[-90.015057,48.067188],[-90.008446,48.068396],[-89.997852,48.057567],[-89.99305,48.028404],[-89.97718,48.023501],[-89.968255,48.014482],[-89.954605,48.011516],[-89.95059,48.015901],[-89.934489,48.015628],[-89.915341,47.994866],[-89.897414,47.987599],[-89.873286,47.985419],[-89.868153,47.989898],[-89.847571,47.992442],[-89.842568,48.001368],[-89.830385,48.000284],[-89.820483,48.014665],[-89.797744,48.014505],[-89.763967,48.022969],[-89.724048,48.018996],[-89.721038,48.017965],[-89.724044,48.013675],[-89.716114,48.016441],[-89.716417,48.010251],[-89.702528,48.006325],[-89.673798,48.01151],[-89.667128,48.007421],[-89.657051,48.009954],[-89.649057,48.003853],[-89.617867,48.010947],[-89.611678,48.017529],[-89.607821,48.006566],[-89.594749,48.004332],[-89.582117,47.996314],[-89.564288,48.00293],[-89.489226,48.014528],[-89.495344,48.002356],[-89.541521,47.992841],[-89.551555,47.987305],[-89.555015,47.974849],[-89.572315,47.967238],[-89.58823,47.9662],[-89.611412,47.980731],[-89.624559,47.983153],[-89.631825,47.980039],[-89.640129,47.96793],[-89.638285,47.954275],[-89.697619,47.941288],[-89.793539,47.891358],[-89.85396,47.873997],[-89.87158,47.874194],[-89.923649,47.862062],[-89.930844,47.857723],[-89.92752,47.850825],[-89.933899,47.84676],[-89.974296,47.830514],[-90.072025,47.811105],[-90.075559,47.803303],[-90.1168,47.79538],[-90.16079,47.792807],[-90.178755,47.786414],[-90.187636,47.77813],[-90.248794,47.772763],[-90.323446,47.753771],[-90.332686,47.746387],[-90.437712,47.731612],[-90.441912,47.726404],[-90.458365,47.7214],[-90.537105,47.703055],[-90.551291,47.690266],[-90.735927,47.624343],[-90.86827,47.5569],[-90.907494,47.532873],[-90.914247,47.522639],[-90.939072,47.514532],[-91.032945,47.458236],[-91.045646,47.456525],[-91.097569,47.413888],[-91.128131,47.399619],[-91.146958,47.381464],[-91.156513,47.378816],[-91.188772,47.340082],[-91.238658,47.304976],[-91.262512,47.27929],[-91.288478,47.26596],[-91.326019,47.238993],[-91.357803,47.206743],[-91.418805,47.172152],[-91.477351,47.125667],[-91.497902,47.122579],[-91.518793,47.108121],[-91.573817,47.089917],[-91.591508,47.068684],[-91.626824,47.049953],[-91.644564,47.026491],[-91.666477,47.014297],[-91.704649,47.005246],[-91.780675,46.945881],[-91.806851,46.933727],[-91.841349,46.925215],[-91.883238,46.905728],[-91.914984,46.883836],[-91.952985,46.867037],[-92.094089,46.787839],[-92.088289,46.773639],[-92.06449,46.745439],[-92.025789,46.710839],[-92.01529,46.706469],[-92.020289,46.704039],[-92.03399,46.708939],[-92.08949,46.74924],[-92.10819,46.74914],[-92.13789,46.73954],[-92.14329,46.73464],[-92.141291,46.72524],[-92.146291,46.71594],[-92.167291,46.719941],[-92.189091,46.717541],[-92.204691,46.704041]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Minnesota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Azad, Shams","contributorId":365738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Azad","given":"Shams","affiliations":[{"id":40291,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stahl, Mason O.","contributorId":365739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stahl","given":"Mason","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":87203,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Union College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erickson, Melinda L. 0000-0002-1117-2866 merickso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-2866","contributorId":206446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Melinda","email":"merickso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeYoung, Beck A.","contributorId":365740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeYoung","given":"Beck","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87203,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Union College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Connolly, Craig T.","contributorId":255063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connolly","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36422,"text":"University of Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chillrud, Lawrence","contributorId":365741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chillrud","given":"Lawrence","affiliations":[{"id":87204,"text":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Northwestern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schilling, Kathrin","contributorId":318215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schilling","given":"Kathrin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7171,"text":"Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Navas-Acien, Ana","contributorId":257950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Navas-Acien","given":"Ana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52179,"text":"Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Basu, Anirban","contributorId":318223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Basu","given":"Anirban","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7171,"text":"Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mailloux, Brian","contributorId":365762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mailloux","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":82397,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Barnard College, Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bostick, Benjamin C.","contributorId":365742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bostick","given":"Benjamin","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40291,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chillrud, Steven N.","contributorId":365743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chillrud","given":"Steven","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":40291,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70273774,"text":"70273774 - 2026 - Strength of depensation not influenced by fish population productivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T16:17:13.025728","indexId":"70273774","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-22T10:11:49","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strength of depensation not influenced by fish population productivity","docAbstract":"A long-held assumption in the management of exploited fisheries is that fish populations will compensate with increased recruit survival to replenish the population when adult stock size is reduced through harvest. Observations of depensatory recruitment (reduced recruit survival at low adult stock size) and critical depensatory thresholds have challenged the compensation assumption. Post et al. (2002) postulated that critical depensatory thresholds were related to fish population productivity. Walleye Sander vitreus are a culturally, economically, and recreationally important sportfish whose persistence is being challenged by natural recruitment declines throughout much of its native range. Depensation, among other abiotic and biotic stressors, has been implicated in walleye natural recruitment declines. If walleye population productivity is related to critical depensatory thresholds, then population productivity benchmarks could be established to reduce the probability of crossing them. We used empirically-derived and model predicted depensation values (q) and empirical estimates of walleye population productivity to test for relationships between these variables in northern Wisconsin lakes. We found little evidence for a relationship between q and walleye population productivity across all lakes examined. Our finding failed to support the theoretical postulation of a relationship between these variables by Post et al. (2002) for walleye. Little evidence for a relationship between q and population productivity suggests that depensatory thresholds may differ among individual walleye populations and that walleye populations may transition abruptly between compensatory and depensatory states. Given our findings, conservation efforts for walleye that solely focus on low productivity populations may miss other trends because population productivity may not be considered a broad predictor of crossing a critical depensatory threshold.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2026.107665","usgsCitation":"Sass, G.S., Mrnak, J.T., Shaw, S.L., Feiner, Z., Dassow, C.J., Rypel, A.L., and Embke, H., 2026, Strength of depensation not influenced by fish population productivity: Fisheries Research, v. 294, 107665, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2026.107665.","productDescription":"107665, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177311","costCenters":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499176,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"294","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, Greg S.","contributorId":365759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sass","given":"Greg","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mrnak, Joesph T.","contributorId":365760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mrnak","given":"Joesph","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":24495,"text":"Iowa Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaw, Stephanie L","contributorId":365761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaw","given":"Stephanie","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feiner, Zachary S.","contributorId":348857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feiner","given":"Zachary S.","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dassow, Colin J.","contributorId":293206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dassow","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16117,"text":"Wisconsin DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rypel, Andrew L.","contributorId":199498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rypel","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Embke, Holly Susan 0000-0002-9897-7068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-7068","contributorId":358337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embke","given":"Holly Susan","affiliations":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70273773,"text":"70273773 - 2026 - Mountain goat declines in a protected, interior, native population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T15:42:30.936097","indexId":"70273773","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-22T09:37:07","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mountain goat declines in a protected, interior, native population","docAbstract":"A shifting climate poses threats to alpine-adapted species including mountain goats. We used long-term (12 years) citizen science monitoring data and Bayesian N-mixture modeling to estimate population trends and drivers of population metrics among mountain goats in Glacier National Park (GNP). Median goats per site (n = 37 sites) declined by 45% (95% credible interval [CRI] = 32%, 57%) from 77.8 (95% CRI = 64.4, 95.1) in 2008 to 42.3 (95% CRI = 34.3, 52.2) in 2019, with consistent declines from 2008 until 2015, when the number of estimated goats stabilized. The decline exceeds IUCN criteria for classifying a population as vulnerable, >30% declines over only two generations. Across years, relatively few goats occupied northwestern GNP. Goat numbers declined the most at northeastern sites, trended toward decline in most southern sites, and increased at only two west-central sites. The proportion of permanent snow and glaciers, the presence of natural mineral licks, and habituation strongly increased the initial abundance of goats in the area. Weather variables had the greatest influence on population growth rates, particularly precipitation between May 15 and June 15 of the previous summer, the neonatal period. Lower growth occurred with less snow water equivalent and lower mean winter temperature, early summer temperature, and early summer precipitation. Projected reductions of permanent snow, increasing spring and summer temperatures, and insufficient and variable spring precipitation raise concerns for the future of native goats in this region. Our analyses reveal ways to improve detection rates of goats during surveys, which is important for optimizing the precision of estimates and the power to detect future trends. Detection increased with goat habituation, retention of observers with experience, use of binoculars, and conducting surveys at lower temperatures and earlier dates. Improving detection will be particularly important given the lower number of goats currently observed in the park. Research to estimate park-wide population size, evaluate genetic structure and diversity, assess changing habitat, human recreation levels and forage, and forward-project climate effects on persistence will be crucial to understanding the context of these results and conserving this iconic, metapopulation at the southern edge of the distribution of native mountain goats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70465","usgsCitation":"Graves, T., Janousek, W.M., Yarnall, M., and Belt, J., 2026, Mountain goat declines in a protected, interior, native population: Ecosphere, v. 17, no. 1, e70465, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70465.","productDescription":"e70465, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128275","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70465","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499544,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91GTUL3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA, and Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta, Canada, 2008-2023"},{"id":499170,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.60080650878787,\n 48.99458864720981\n ],\n [\n -114.48645916591128,\n 49.005131748927084\n ],\n [\n -114.0989861284199,\n 48.45748119419969\n ],\n [\n -113.89364327444952,\n 48.479975245922134\n ],\n [\n -113.55795234795937,\n 48.2165274365571\n ],\n [\n -113.33118241357474,\n 48.30924537874591\n ],\n [\n -113.2169046513653,\n 48.412463176207496\n ],\n [\n -113.40439160499024,\n 48.70318915560594\n ],\n [\n -113.41331955516296,\n 48.74677172670576\n ],\n [\n -113.46867284623328,\n 48.78796372490032\n ],\n [\n -113.59723532871878,\n 48.93362924512738\n ],\n [\n -113.60080650878787,\n 48.99458864720981\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graves, Tabitha A. 0000-0001-5145-2400","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-2400","contributorId":202084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Tabitha A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janousek, William Michael 0000-0003-3978-1775","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3978-1775","contributorId":237980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janousek","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yarnall, Michael","contributorId":300614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yarnall","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38050,"text":"Contractor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belt, Jami","contributorId":177314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belt","given":"Jami","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274041,"text":"70274041 - 2026 - Remote compositional analyses of space-weathered lunar maria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-20T14:58:36.389731","indexId":"70274041","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-22T08:55:31","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17061,"text":"Planetary Science Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote compositional analyses of space-weathered lunar maria","docAbstract":"Visible-to-shortwave infrared (VSWIR) reflectance spectroscopy has revolutionized our understanding of planetary surface compositions. However, space-weathering processes on airless bodies complicate quantitative compositional analyses. Here, we present a framework to isolate the signatures of space weathering in VSWIR spectra of lunar maria by leveraging radiative transfer modeling under the assumptions that (i) a space-weathered target can be expressed as a mixture of fresh and fully space-weathered components and (ii) remaining signatures can be modeled by including agglutinates as an end-member component. We first validate this approach against laboratory spectra of space-weathered Apollo mare soils of known mineral compositions using a probabilistic Markov Chain Monte Carlo implementation of the Hapke radiative transfer model. Second, we illustrate how this approach can be applied to orbital Moon Mineralogy Mapper data. The proposed space-weathering correction workflow for lunar maria could be expanded to other lunar lithologies and applied to existing and future data sets.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.3847/PSJ/ae2b57","usgsCitation":"Jung, J., Lapotre, M.G., Milliken, R.E., Minson, S.E., 2026, Remote compositional analyses of space-weathered lunar maria: Planetary Science Journal, v. 7, no. 1, 18, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ae2b57.","productDescription":"18, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183800","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/ae2b57","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jung, Ji-In 0000-0001-8728-7320","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-7320","contributorId":366818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jung","given":"Ji-In","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lapotre, Matheiu G. 0000-0001-9941-1552","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9941-1552","contributorId":366819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lapotre","given":"Matheiu","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milliken, Ralph E. 0000-0003-3240-4918","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3240-4918","contributorId":366820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milliken","given":"Ralph","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minson, Sarah E. 0000-0001-5869-3477 sminson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-3477","contributorId":5357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minson","given":"Sarah","email":"sminson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273700,"text":"70273700 - 2026 - Compilation of a nationwide river image dataset for identifying river channels and river rapids via deep learning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-26T14:20:22.073435","indexId":"70273700","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-22T08:44:42","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compilation of a nationwide river image dataset for identifying river channels and river rapids via deep learning","docAbstract":"Remote sensing enables large-scale, image-based assessments of river dynamics, offering new opportunities for hydrological monitoring. We present a publicly available dataset consisting of 281,024 satellite and aerial images of U.S. rivers, constructed using an Application Programming Interface (API) and the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Hydrography Dataset. The dataset includes images, primary keys, and ancillary geospatial information. We use a manually labeled subset of the images to train models for detecting rapids, defined as areas where high velocity and turbulence lead to a wavy, rough, or even broken water surface visible in the imagery. To demonstrate the utility of this dataset, we develop an image segmentation model to identify rivers within images. This model achieved a mean test intersection-over-union (\uD835\uDC3C\uD835\uDC5C\uD835\uDC48) of 0.57, with performance rising to an actual \uD835\uDC3C\uD835\uDC5C\uD835\uDC48 of 0.89 on the subset of predictions with high confidence (predicted \uD835\uDC3C\uD835\uDC5C\uD835\uDC48 > 0.9). Following this initial segmentation of river channels within the images, we trained several convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures to classify the presence or absence of rapids. Our selected model reached an accuracy and F1 score of 0.93, indicating strong performance for the classification of rapids that could support consistent, efficient inventory and monitoring of rapids. These data provide new resources for recreation planning, habitat assessment, and discharge estimation. Overall, the dataset and tools offer a foundation for scalable, automated identification of geomorphic features to support riverine science and resource management.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs18020375","usgsCitation":"Brimhall, N., Bladen, K.K., Kerby, T., Legleiter, C.J., Swapp, C., Fluckiger, H., Bahr, J.E., Roberts, M., Hart, K., Stegman, C.L., Bean, B., and Moon, K., 2026, Compilation of a nationwide river image dataset for identifying river channels and river rapids via deep learning: Remote Sensing, v. 18, no. 2, 375, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020375.","productDescription":"375, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182435","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499312,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020375","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ],\n [\n -129.9462890625,\n 55.36662484928637\n ],\n [\n -130.1220703125,\n 56.145549500679074\n ],\n [\n -131.9677734375,\n 56.9449741808516\n ],\n [\n -135.3076171875,\n 59.833775202184206\n ],\n [\n -136.38427734375,\n 59.65664225341022\n ],\n [\n -136.6259765625,\n 59.23217626921806\n ],\n [\n -137.52685546875,\n 58.938673187948304\n ],\n [\n -137.65869140625,\n 59.33318942659219\n ],\n [\n -138.8232421875,\n 60.009970961180386\n ],\n [\n -139.21874999999997,\n 60.108670463036\n ],\n [\n -139.04296875,\n 60.403001945865476\n ],\n [\n -139.85595703125,\n 60.337823495982015\n ],\n [\n -140.99853515625,\n 60.337823495982015\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 69.71810669906763\n ],\n [\n -143.4375,\n 70.17020068549206\n ],\n [\n -145.1953125,\n 70.08056215839737\n ],\n [\n -149.765625,\n 70.58341752317065\n ],\n [\n -152.40234375,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -152.314453125,\n 70.95969716686398\n ],\n [\n -157.1484375,\n 71.35706654962706\n ],\n [\n -159.9609375,\n 70.8734913192635\n ],\n [\n -162.0703125,\n 70.31873847853124\n ],\n [\n -163.916015625,\n 69.06856318696033\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 68.942606818121\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 68.26938680456564\n ],\n [\n -163.30078125,\n 66.86108230224609\n ],\n [\n -161.982421875,\n 66.47820814385636\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 66.08936427047088\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 66.6181218846659\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 66.40795547978848\n ],\n [\n -168.0908203125,\n 65.69447579373418\n ],\n [\n -166.55273437499997,\n 65.14611484756372\n ],\n [\n -166.904296875,\n 65.05360170595502\n ],\n [\n -166.3330078125,\n 64.41592147626879\n ],\n [\n -162.861328125,\n 64.39693778132846\n ],\n [\n -160.927734375,\n 64.90491004905083\n ],\n [\n -161.0595703125,\n 64.47279382008166\n ],\n [\n -161.4990234375,\n 64.49172504435471\n ],\n [\n -160.8837890625,\n 63.87939001720202\n ],\n [\n -161.1474609375,\n 63.470144746565424\n ],\n [\n -162.6416015625,\n 63.64625919492172\n ],\n [\n -163.212890625,\n 63.05495931065107\n ],\n [\n -164.2236328125,\n 63.37183226679281\n ],\n [\n -166.1572265625,\n 61.75233128411639\n ],\n [\n -165.3662109375,\n 60.54377524118842\n ],\n [\n -167.431640625,\n 60.326947742998414\n ],\n [\n -167.255859375,\n 59.866883195210214\n ],\n [\n -165.8935546875,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n -162.68554687499997,\n 59.734253447591364\n ],\n [\n -162.3779296875,\n 60.174306261926034\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 59.46740794183739\n ],\n [\n -162.0263671875,\n 59.108308258604964\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 58.768200159239576\n ],\n [\n -162.20214843749997,\n 58.65408464530598\n ],\n [\n -160.83984375,\n 58.44773280389084\n ],\n [\n -159.9609375,\n 58.6769376725869\n ],\n [\n -159.08203125,\n 58.309488840677645\n ],\n [\n -156.88476562499997,\n 58.92733441827545\n ],\n [\n -157.5,\n 58.516651799363785\n ],\n [\n -157.8076171875,\n 57.61010702068388\n ],\n [\n -161.54296875,\n 56.022948079627454\n ],\n [\n -168.6181640625,\n 53.4357192066942\n ],\n [\n -174.9462890625,\n 52.26815737376817\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 51.83577752045248\n ],\n [\n -173.1884765625,\n 51.590722643120145\n ],\n [\n -162.5537109375,\n 54.23955053156177\n ],\n [\n -155.302734375,\n 55.52863052257191\n ],\n [\n -151.4794921875,\n 57.51582286553883\n ],\n [\n -146.9970703125,\n 60.08676274626006\n ],\n [\n -145.546875,\n 60.21799073323445\n ],\n [\n -144.228515625,\n 59.689926220143356\n ],\n [\n -142.3828125,\n 59.93300042374631\n ],\n [\n -138.3837890625,\n 58.83649009392136\n ],\n [\n -135.6591796875,\n 56.31653672211301\n ],\n [\n -133.2421875,\n 54.521081495443596\n ],\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.796875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -67.939453125,\n 47.57652571374621\n ],\n [\n -69.2578125,\n 47.338822694822\n ],\n [\n -71.19140625,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -75.146484375,\n 44.96479793033101\n ],\n [\n -78.046875,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 42.87596410238256\n ],\n [\n -82.68310546875,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -83.14453125,\n 42.049292638686836\n ],\n [\n -83.07861328125,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -82.24365234375,\n 43.6599240747891\n ],\n [\n -82.41943359375,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -83.60595703125,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 46.027481852486645\n ],\n [\n -83.7158203125,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -83.95751953125,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -84.24316406249999,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 48.3416461723746\n ],\n [\n -89.3408203125,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -90.76904296874999,\n 48.122101028190805\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -91.51611328125,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -92.2412109375,\n 48.37084770238366\n ],\n [\n -92.39501953125,\n 48.23930899024907\n ],\n [\n -92.94433593749999,\n 48.61838518688487\n ],\n [\n -93.44970703125,\n 48.63290858589535\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 48.748945343432936\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 49.23912083246698\n ],\n [\n -95.1416015625,\n 49.396675075193976\n ],\n [\n -95.20751953125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -123.0908203125,\n 48.80686346108517\n ],\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 48.66194284607006\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 48.32703913063476\n ],\n [\n -124.78271484375,\n 48.472921272487824\n ],\n [\n -124.93652343749999,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 44.15068115978094\n ],\n [\n -124.93652343749999,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 41.22824901518529\n ],\n [\n -124.73876953125,\n 40.43022363450862\n ],\n [\n -124.03564453125,\n 39.35129035526705\n ],\n [\n -124.01367187499999,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 36.12012758978146\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -118.21289062499999,\n 32.2313896627376\n ],\n [\n -117.22412109375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.713355353177555\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.491230287947594\n ],\n [\n -110.98388671874999,\n 31.3348710339506\n ],\n [\n -108.21533203125,\n 31.297327991404266\n ],\n [\n -108.2373046875,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -106.435546875,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -104.9853515625,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -104.47998046875,\n 29.592565403314087\n ],\n [\n -103.20556640625,\n 28.94086176940557\n ],\n [\n -102.65625,\n 29.76437737516313\n ],\n [\n -102.3486328125,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -101.49169921875,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -100.83251953125,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -100.30517578125,\n 28.246327971048842\n ],\n [\n -99.60205078124999,\n 27.586197857692664\n ],\n [\n -99.47021484375,\n 27.31321389856826\n ],\n [\n -99.228515625,\n 26.52956523826758\n ],\n [\n -98.2177734375,\n 26.05678288577881\n ],\n [\n -97.75634765625,\n 26.03704188651584\n ],\n [\n -97.44873046875,\n 25.839449402063185\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 25.93828707492375\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -96.78955078125,\n 27.858503954841247\n ],\n [\n -93.75732421875,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 28.998531814051795\n ],\n [\n -88.22021484375,\n 29.05616970274342\n ],\n [\n -87.91259765625,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 30.183121842195515\n ],\n [\n -85.2978515625,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -84.13330078125,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -82.81494140625,\n 28.555576049185973\n ],\n [\n -83.21044921875,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n -82.77099609375,\n 26.941659545381516\n ],\n [\n -82.08984375,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 25.264568475331583\n ],\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 24.467150664739002\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 24.046463999666567\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 24.56710835257599\n ],\n [\n -79.78271484375,\n 25.34402602913433\n ],\n [\n -79.60693359375,\n 27.27416111737468\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -80.66162109375,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -73.58642578125,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -71.3671875,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -69.63134765625,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -70.0048828125,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -70.3564453125,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -67.2802734375,\n 44.37098696297173\n ],\n [\n -67.0166015625,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brimhall, Nicholas 0009-0008-7410-0166","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7410-0166","contributorId":365452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brimhall","given":"Nicholas","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bladen, Kelvyn K.","contributorId":364634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bladen","given":"Kelvyn","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":86880,"text":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kerby, Tom 0009-0002-1189-3820","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1189-3820","contributorId":365453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerby","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swapp, Cameron 0009-0004-9019-1097","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9019-1097","contributorId":365454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swapp","given":"Cameron","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fluckiger, Hannah 0009-0004-8246-1376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8246-1376","contributorId":365455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fluckiger","given":"Hannah","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bahr, Julie E 0009-0005-9937-5885","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9937-5885","contributorId":365457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bahr","given":"Julie","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roberts, Makenna 0009-0002-7084-3276","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7084-3276","contributorId":365462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Makenna","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hart, Kaden 0009-0001-0652-9242","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0652-9242","contributorId":365468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"Kaden","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stegman, Christina L.","contributorId":365580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stegman","given":"Christina","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bean, Brennan 0000-0002-2853-0455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2853-0455","contributorId":365485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bean","given":"Brennan","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Moon, Kevin 0000-0002-4457-9988","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4457-9988","contributorId":365486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moon","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70273273,"text":"sim3542 - 2026 - Bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T17:09:44.672869","indexId":"sim3542","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-21T19:43:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3542","displayTitle":"Bedrock Geologic Map of the Eagle Lake Quadrangle, Essex County, New York","title":"Bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York","docAbstract":"The bedrock geology of the 7.5-minute Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York, consists of deformed and metamorphosed Mesoproterozoic gneisses of the Adirondack Highlands unconformably overlain by weakly deformed lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Champlain Valley. The Mesoproterozoic rocks occur on the eastern edge of the Adirondack Highlands and represent an extension of the Grenville Province of Laurentia. Granulite facies Mesoproterozoic paragneiss, marble, and amphibolite hosted the emplacement of an anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite, now exposed mostly as orthogneiss, at approximately 1.18–1.15 giga-annum (Ga, billion years before present). The earliest of four phases of deformation (D1) predated AMCG magmatism and is characterized by gneissosity, rarely preserved F1 isoclinal folds, and migmatite in the paragneiss host rocks. A sample of hornblende quartz syenite from the AMCG suite, collected from an abandoned railroad cut on Old Furnace Road, yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 1,149±10 million years before present. D2 deformation produced a composite penetrative gneissosity, migmatite, and isoclinal F2 folds. Towards the end of D2, felsic magmatism (including the regionally extensive Lyon Mountain Granite Gneiss, abbreviated “LMG”) spread by penetrative migration as semiconcordant alkali feldspar granite sheets subparallel to S2 into the previously deformed lithologies. The LMG crystallized at approximately 1.15 to 1.14 Ga and displays synkinematic F2 folds thus constraining the time of D2 deformation. Exhumation of the Marcy anorthosite began during D3 along a mylonitic extensional detachment, as a type of core complex. Protracted D3 produced F3 folds exhibited in regional domes and basins, such as the Hammondville antiform, reactivation of the S2 foliation, partial melting, metamorphism, metasomatism, iron ore remobilization, and intrusion of magnetite-bearing pegmatite both as layer-parallel sills and crosscutting dikes. D4 created NE- and NW-trending boudinage, local high-grade ductile shear zones, and crosscutting granitic pegmatite dikes. Kilometer (km)-scale lineaments readily observed in lidar data are Ediacaran mafic dikes and Phanerozoic brittle faults. Lower Paleozoic rocks are part of the Early Cambrian to Late Ordovician great American carbonate bank on the ancient margin of Laurentia. The Potsdam Sandstone preserves the Cambrian stratigraphy in outliers above the Great Unconformity. The Paleozoic rocks are weakly folded and block faulted. Parts of the quadrangle are covered by undifferentiated glacial deposits, but much of the quadrangle contains only a variably thick, veneer of unmapped glacial till over significant areas of exposed bedrock. The map also shows waste rock piles and locations of historical mining operations. This study was undertaken to improve our understanding of the bedrock geology in the Adirondack Highlands, establish a modern framework for 1:24,000-scale bedrock geologic mapping in the Adirondack Mountains, and provide a modern context for historical mines. This Scientific Investigations Map of the Eagle Lake 7.5-minute quadrangle consists of a map sheet, an explanatory pamphlet, and a geographic information system database that includes bedrock geologic units, faults, outcrops, and structural geologic information. The map sheet includes a bedrock geologic map, a correlation of map units, a description of map units, an explanation of map symbols, and two cross sections. The explanatory pamphlet includes a discussion of the geology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3542","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of New York, Department of Education, New York Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Walsh, G.J., Regan, S.P., Geer, P.S., Merschat, A.J., Suarez, K.A., McAleer, R.J., Walton, M.S., Jr., and Crider, E.A., Jr., 2026, Bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3542, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000, 57-p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3542.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ix, 57 p.; 1 Sheet: 63.43 x 35.22 inches; Data Release","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-151166","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498080,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":498081,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/sim3542_pamphlet.pdf","size":"10.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3542 Pamphlet"},{"id":498752,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/sim3542_pamphlet.XML","description":"SIM 3542 XML"},{"id":498753,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D6XYEL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Database for the bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York"},{"id":498867,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119158.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498751,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/sim3542_sheet.pdf","size":"56.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3542 Sheet"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Eagle Lake quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.625,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -73.625,\n 43.875\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 43.875\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -73.625,\n 44\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The U.S. Geological Survey mapped the bedrock geology of the 7.5-minute Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York, to establish a framework for 1:24,000-scale detailed bedrock geologic mapping in the Adirondack Mountains, and provide a modern context for historical iron, graphite, and feldspar mines that operated in the 1800s. The report includes the most detailed 1:24,000-scale bedrock geologic map ever published in the Adirondack Mountains. The region is underlain by highly complex Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks that range in age from about 1.2 to 1.0 billion years old. The high quality of the naturally occurring mineral magnetite extracted from local iron mines led to the first use of an electric motor in Ironville, proclaimed to be the birthplace of the electric age. Abandoned iron and pegmatite mines locally contain elevated abundances of rare earth elements; some of the deposits have elevated natural radioactivity above background concentrations.
","publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, Gregory J. 0000-0003-4264-8836","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":355444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Gregory J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Regan, Sean P. 0000-0002-8445-5138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8445-5138","contributorId":360816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regan","given":"Sean","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geer, Phillip S.","contributorId":364641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geer","given":"Phillip","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":83490,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Merschat, Arthur J. 0000-0002-9314-4067 amerschat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-4067","contributorId":4556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merschat","given":"Arthur","email":"amerschat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Suarez, Kaitlyn A. 0000-0003-4133-3074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4133-3074","contributorId":224240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suarez","given":"Kaitlyn","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33634,"text":"University of Massachusetts at Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":215498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walton,, Matt S. Jr.","contributorId":364642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walton,","given":"Matt","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":29853,"text":"Yale University, New Haven, Conn.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Crider,, E. Allen Jr. 0000-0003-2393-5290 ecrider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2393-5290","contributorId":203507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crider,","given":"E. Allen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"ecrider@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273409,"text":"ofr20251057 - 2026 - Distribution, abundance, breeding activities, and habitat use of the Least Bell's Vireo at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2020–24 summary report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T17:09:16.100992","indexId":"ofr20251057","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-21T07:00:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1057","displayTitle":"Distribution, Abundance, Breeding Activities, and Habitat Use of the Least Bell's Vireo at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2020–24 Summary Report","title":"Distribution, abundance, breeding activities, and habitat use of the Least Bell's Vireo at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2020–24 summary report","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to provide the Marine Corps with a summary of abundance, breeding activity, demography, and habitat use of endangered Least Bell’s Vireos (Vireo bellii pusillus) at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California (MCBCP or Base). The report presents results of vireo surveys and monitoring in 2024 and summarizes a subset of data collected from 2020 through 2024. Surveys for the Least Bell's Vireo were completed at MCBCP between April 4 and July 9, 2024. Core survey areas and a subset of non-core areas in drainages containing riparian habitat suitable for vireos were surveyed two to four times. We detected 542 territorial male vireos and 17 transient vireos in core survey areas. An additional 102 territorial male vireos and 2 transients were detected in non-core survey areas. Transient vireos were detected on 5 of the 10 drainages/sites surveyed (core and non-core areas). In core survey areas, 87 percent of vireo territories were on the four most populated drainages, with the Santa Margarita River containing 67 percent of all territories in core areas surveyed on Base. In core areas, 77 percent of male vireos were confirmed as paired; 76 percent of male vireos in non-core areas were confirmed as paired.
The number of documented Least Bell’s Vireo territories in core survey areas on MCBCP decreased 3 percent from 2023. In five core survey area drainages, the number of territories increased by at least two, and in two core survey area drainages, the Santa Margarita River and Las Flores Creek, the number of vireo territories decreased by at least nine between 2023 and 2024. The number of vireo territories at Marine Corps Air Station, Camp Pendleton did not change from 2023 to 2024. The proportion of surveys during which Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) were detected decreased to 0.03 from a peak of 0.45 in 2022. Cowbirds were detected in April and June in 2024.
Most core-area vireos (58 percent, including transients) used mixed willow (Salix spp.) riparian habitat. An additional 9 percent of birds occupied willow habitat co-dominated by Western sycamores (Platanus racemosa). Riparian scrub dominated by mule fat (Baccharis salicifolia), sandbar willow (S. exigua), or blue elderberry (Sambucus mexicana) was used by 33 percent of vireos. Habitat dominated by non-native vegetation was used by 1 percent of vireos.
Since 2020, the number of vireos detected in each of the non-core survey groups was greater than expected, based on the change in vireo numbers in core survey areas. Although, the number of vireo territories on Base decreased from 2020–24, from approximately 1,224 to approximately 960, the trend in vireo territory numbers on Base since 2005 has been positive.
In 2019, MCBCP began operating an artificial seep along the Santa Margarita River; then, in 2021, two additional artificial seeps became operational. The artificial seeps pumped water to the surface during daylight hours starting in mid-April and ending in August each year and were designed to increase the amount of surface water to enhance Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) breeding habitat. Although this enhancement was designed to benefit flycatchers, few flycatchers have inhabited MCBCP, including the seep areas, within the past several years; therefore, vireos were selected as a surrogate species to determine effects of the habitat enhancement. This report presents the fifth year of annual monitoring and analyses summarizing all 5 years of vireo and vegetation response to the artificial seeps.
In 2020, we established four study sites along the Santa Margarita River, two surrounding and extending downstream from existing and proposed seep pumps at the Old Treatment Ponds and along Pump Road and two Reference sites in similar habitat downstream from the Seep sites. Seep pumps began operating at the Old Treatment Ponds in 2020 and along Pump Road in 2021. In 2023, seep pumps at the Pump Road Seep site did not function, and we recategorized that study site as Intermediate. We sampled vegetation at Seep, Intermediate, and Reference sites to determine the effects of surface-water enhancement by seep pumps. In 2024, vegetation cover was highest near the ground and decreased with increasing height. Woody vegetation made up most of the cover at all height categories. We determined that Seep and Intermediate sites differed from each other in addition to differing from Reference sites, which likely is, in part, because seep-pump operation at the Intermediate site was inconsistent compared to the Seep site. Soil saturation in 2024 was high at the Intermediate site and was associated with high native herbaceous cover and low non-native herbaceous cover. Sites differed, with the Intermediate site having more upper canopy cover in general, the Seep site having more low woody cover, and the Reference sites having more mid-canopy non-native vegetation cover.
Soil saturation significantly increased from 2020 through 2024 at the Seep site and was significantly higher at Seep and Intermediate sites than at their paired Reference sites in all years. Soil saturation likely was increased by the supplemental surface water at the Seep site. However, soil saturation at the Intermediate site was not clearly associated with seep pumps but likely affected by soil saturation at the site before seep-pump installation and flooding from high precipitation. Canopy height increased at the Intermediate site from 2020 through 2024 and increased with increasing soil saturation at the Intermediate and Reference sites. The canopy at the Seep site was shorter than at the Intermediate and Reference sites and decreased from 2020 through 2024 because tall trees were damaged and killed by shothole borer beetles (Euwallacea spp.).
We used Redundancy Analysis to discover associations among vegetation types, plant species, and other environmental variables (soil saturation, site, precipitation, and seep operation, defined as the site and year seep pumps were operating). These associations explained less than 15 percent of the variability in the vegetation, with the remaining 85 percent of variation unexplained. Generally, as soil saturation increased, understory vegetation increased and non-native cover decreased in the mid-and upper canopy. Non-native herbaceous plant species decreased in wetter soil.
The Seep site was characterized by more understory and less canopy, contrasting with the Intermediate site, which was characterized by less understory and more higher canopy cover. The addition of surface water via seep pumps or precipitation was associated with more vegetation near the ground. Higher early winter precipitation was associated with taller canopy and more woody vegetation in the upper canopy. We also created a Redundancy Analysis model isolating the components of Southwestern Willow Flycatcher habitat, as identified by Howell and others (2018). In this model, increased soil saturation resulted in increased cover of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) and black willow (Salix gooddingii) below 3 meters (m), total cover 3–6 m, and black willow above 6 m. Cover of poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) and stinging nettle below 3 m was higher at the Seep site and lower at the Intermediate site.
Vireo territory density among the Seep, Intermediate, and Reference sites was similar before the seep pumps were installed. However, vireo territory density at Seep and Intermediate sites combined was significantly higher than at Reference sites after the seep pumps were installed.
We banded and resighted color banded vireos as part of a long-term evaluation of vireo survival, site fidelity, between-year movement, and the effect of surface-water enhancement on vireo return rate and between-year movement. We banded 164 Least Bell's Vireo nestlings during the 2024 season.
In 2024, we resighted 31 Least Bell's Vireos on Base that had been banded before the 2024 breeding season, and we were able to identify 25 of them. Of the 25 that we could identify, 24 were banded on Base and 1 was originally banded on the San Luis Rey River. Adult birds of known age ranged from 1 to 9 years old.
Base-wide survival of vireos was affected by sex, age, and year. Males had significantly higher annual survival than females (60 percent versus 47 percent, respectively). Adults had higher annual survival than first-year vireos (61 percent versus 11 percent, respectively). The return rate of adult vireos to Seep, Intermediate, or Reference sites was not affected by the original banding site (Seep versus Intermediate versus Reference).
Most returning adult vireos, predominantly males, showed strong between-year site fidelity. Of the adults present in 2023, 92 percent (all males) returned in 2024 to within 100 m of their previous territory. The average between-year movement for returning adult vireos was 0.4±0.03 kilometers (km). The average movement of first-year vireos detected in 2024 that fledged from a known nest on MCBCP in 2023 was 2.4±3.1 km.
We monitored 47 Least Bell's Vireo pairs to evaluate the effects of surface-water enhancement on nest success and breeding productivity. Breeding productivity in 2024 was similar among Seep, Intermediate, and Reference sites (2.8, 3.0, and 3.0 young fledged per pair, respectively), and the percentage of pairs that fledged at least one young was not significantly different among sites (83, 91, and 96 percent, respectively). According to the best model, daily nest survival from 2020–24 was not related to site. Other measures of breeding productivity were also similar among Seep, Intermediate, and Reference site pairs.
Between 2020 and 2024, the number of vireo fledglings produced per pair increased with increasing native herbaceous cover under 3 m and decreasing cover of all herbaceous vegetation under 5 m and was not affected by precipitation, site, or seep operation. The number of vireo fledglings produced per egg was lower at the Seep and Intermediate sites than at the Reference sites and increased with decreasing late winter precipitation, cover of poison hemlock, black mustard, non-native vegetation above 2 m, and all vegetation over 2 m. Vireo pairs at Seep and Intermediate sites were less likely to fledge young than vireo pairs at Reference sites. All vireo pairs were more likely to fledge young with less cover of poison hemlock and more cover of poison oak.
From 2020 through 2024, vireos placed their nests in 24 plant species. The most used plants in all years were willows, mostly red (S. laevigata), or arroyo (S. lasiolepis). The fate of a vireo nest (whether it successfully fledged young or not) was not affected by placement in native or non-native vegetation, by site, or by year, but nests were more likely to be successful if they were placed in woody plants than in herbaceous plants. Successful nests were placed higher in the host plant and farther from the outer edge of the nest clump than unsuccessful nests.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251057","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Assistant Chief of Staff, Environmental Security, U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Lynn, S., Houston, A., Kus, B.E., and Mendia, S.M., 2026, Distribution, abundance, breeding activities, and habitat use of the Least Bell's Vireo at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2020–24 summary report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1057, 128 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251057.","productDescription":"xii, 128 p.","numberOfPages":"128","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-176723","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498564,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1057/images"},{"id":498563,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1057/ofr20251057.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"OFR 2025-1057 XML"},{"id":498562,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251057/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1057 HTML"},{"id":498561,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1057/ofr20251057.pdf","size":"13.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1057 PDF"},{"id":498560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1057/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.5833,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.5833,\n 33.1667\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 33.1667\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.5833,\n 33.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
In several early studies, central California marine terraces between Santa Barbara and Point Conception were interpreted to record sea-level high stands of the last interglacial complex, ∼80 ka to ∼120 ka (marine isotope stage [MIS] 5). These ages and their elevations (∼20 m to ∼45 m) indicate modest rates of tectonic uplift, similar to those from other localities in southern and central California. A recent study, using a combination of luminescence and radiocarbon dating, has challenged the older age interpretations, implying much younger terrace ages, between ∼40 ka and ∼55 ka (MIS 3). From these new ages and a considerably lower sea level during MIS 3, much higher rates of tectonic uplift are inferred. In the present study, new uranium-series ages of terrace corals and amino acid age estimates of terrace mollusks were determined to test these competing interpretations. With the exception of a low-elevation terrace in Isla Vista (near Santa Barbara) that dates to MIS 3, terraces farther west are interpreted to date to MIS 5 and imply tectonic uplift rates of 0.20–0.34 m/kyr. A compilation of data for the region yields a decreasing rate of late Quaternary uplift from east, near Ventura, to west, near Point Conception. This trend is interpreted to reflect a decreasing influence of the processes of compression and crustal shortening south of the Big Bend in the San Andreas fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110179","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Schumann, R.R., Bright, J., Roberts, H.M., and Groves, L.T., 2026, Revisiting the geochronology of late Quaternary marine terraces and uplift rates in coastal Santa Barbara County, California, USA: Geomorphology, v. 501, 110179, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110179.","productDescription":"110179, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175111","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Barbara County","otherGeospatial":"coastal Santa Barbara County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.71849255644787,\n 34.941506886063436\n ],\n [\n -120.71849255644787,\n 34.36620309495811\n ],\n [\n -119.29011089848893,\n 34.36620309495811\n ],\n [\n -119.29011089848893,\n 34.941506886063436\n ],\n [\n -120.71849255644787,\n 34.941506886063436\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"501","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bright, Jordon","contributorId":63981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"Jordon","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts, Helen M.","contributorId":369119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Helen","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16758,"text":"Aberystwyth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Groves, Lindsey T. 0000-0002-2097-2689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2097-2689","contributorId":365815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groves","given":"Lindsey","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12725,"text":"Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273754,"text":"70273754 - 2026 - Widespread terrestrial ecosystem disruption at the onset of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T17:02:45.63779","indexId":"70273754","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-20T10:58:29","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Widespread terrestrial ecosystem disruption at the onset of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum","docAbstract":"The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ~56 Mya) interval was marked by massive 13C-depleted carbon emissions into the ocean/atmosphere system, manifested as a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE) in sedimentary components, and ~5 °C global average warming. Episodes of hydrological perturbations and soil-erosion have been widely documented for the PETM but their link with vegetation- and carbon cycle changes remain poorly constrained. Here, we present organic microfossil evidence showing a strong increase in fern-dominated pioneer vegetation that replaced coniferous forests on the margin of the Norwegian Sea during the first millennia of the CIE. With the present stratigraphic constraints, the “fern spike” occurred simultaneously in terrestrial settings along the North Sea, Arctic Ocean, the US east coast and in southern Australia, indicating that pioneer vegetation persisted for several millennia following a partial collapse of previously stable terrestrial ecosystems. Both the ferns and influx of microcharcoal imply recurrent physical disturbance, including soil destabilization and erosion, potentially linked to droughts, wildfires, and strong hydrological forcing resulting from extreme climate change. Together with evidence for reworked clay minerals and ancient organic matter (kerogen), these findings show that highly disturbed terrestrial ecosystems were widespread across mid- and high-latitude regions globally. Carbon cycle model simulations suggest that a substantial loss of standing and buried biomass, along with oxidation of soil organic matter, acted as important positive feedbacks during the onset of the CIE. Additionally, enhanced kerogen weathering likely contributed as another major positive feedback throughout both the onset and main phase of the CIE.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2509231122","usgsCitation":"Nelissen, M., Willard, D., Konijnenburg-van Cittert, H., Bowen, G.J., Hollaar, T., Sluijs, A., Frieling, J., and Brinkhuis, H., 2026, Widespread terrestrial ecosystem disruption at the onset of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 123, no. 4, e2509231122, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2509231122.","productDescription":"e2509231122, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177301","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499331,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2509231122","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499184,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelissen, Mei","contributorId":362170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelissen","given":"Mei","affiliations":[{"id":36885,"text":"Utrecht University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":269840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":954542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Konijnenburg-van Cittert, Han","contributorId":365651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konijnenburg-van Cittert","given":"Han","affiliations":[{"id":36885,"text":"Utrecht University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowen, Gabriel J.","contributorId":365652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"Gabriel","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hollaar, Teuntje","contributorId":365653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollaar","given":"Teuntje","affiliations":[{"id":36885,"text":"Utrecht University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sluijs, Appy","contributorId":215371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sluijs","given":"Appy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36885,"text":"Utrecht University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Frieling, Joost","contributorId":365654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frieling","given":"Joost","affiliations":[{"id":25447,"text":"University of Oxford","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brinkhuis, Henk","contributorId":328591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brinkhuis","given":"Henk","affiliations":[{"id":36885,"text":"Utrecht University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273667,"text":"70273667 - 2026 - Toxicity of anticoagulant rodenticides on Pacific salmon: Assessing lethal and sublethal effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T15:25:07.928692","indexId":"70273667","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-20T09:22:10","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23276,"text":"Ecotoxciology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of anticoagulant rodenticides on Pacific salmon: Assessing lethal and sublethal effects","docAbstract":"To restore native biodiversity on island ecosystems containing invasive rodents, partial- and whole-island eradications generally rely on broadcast baiting with anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs). This approach can result in bait pellets entering aquatic environments, raising concerns about effects to non-target fish. Salmonids are a dominant group of fishes on many temperate islands targeted for rodent eradication, and AR toxicity data for salmonids are limited. Our goal was to determine if coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) are susceptible to coagulopathy and death via exposure to commonly used ARs. We assessed risk of ARs to coho using dose-response curves generated through intraperitoneal injections after determining that coho would not directly ingest the AR baits. Median lethal doses (96-h LD50) estimated using 100 % corn oil carrier were 85.7 µg/g for brodifacoum and 54.0 µg/g for diphacinone. Acetone (30–41 %), used to dissolve ARs in corn oil, reduced the toxicity of diphacinone (LD50 = 102.3 µg/g, p < 0.001) but not brodifacoum (LD50 = 73.3 µg/g, p = 0.126) indicating that solvent choice can influence toxicity outcomes. Behavioral changes and onset of mortality differed between the two ARs, with diphacinone acting more rapidly. Tissue analysis supported a difference in toxicokinetics between the two ARs, with significant decreases in liver and muscle residues for diphacinone but not brodifacoum. Sublethal brodifacoum exposure (53.9 µg/g; LD13) impaired blood clotting at 72- and 96- h but returned to baseline by 120 h. No clotting impairment was observed up to 144 h after diphacinone exposure (45.5 µg/g; LD4), suggesting a non-coagulopathy mode of action. These findings will inform risk assessments when considering use of these ARs for rodent management near streams and shorelines and clearly demonstrate that brodifacoum causes coagulopathy in coho.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.119748","usgsCitation":"Pavord, L.M., Driessnack, M.K., Shiels, A.B., Volker, S., Rattner, B., and McIntyre, J., 2026, Toxicity of anticoagulant rodenticides on Pacific salmon: Assessing lethal and sublethal effects: Ecotoxciology and Environmental Safety, v. 310, 119748, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.119748.","productDescription":"119748, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182338","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.119748","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"310","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pavord, Lillian M.","contributorId":365379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pavord","given":"Lillian","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37380,"text":"Washington State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driessnack, Melissa K.","contributorId":365380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driessnack","given":"Melissa","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":37380,"text":"Washington State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shiels, Aaron B.","contributorId":365381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shiels","given":"Aaron","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37295,"text":"USDA APHIS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Volker, Steven","contributorId":299456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Volker","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":64850,"text":"USDA, APHIS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McIntyre, Jenifer","contributorId":365385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Jenifer","affiliations":[{"id":37380,"text":"Washington State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273871,"text":"70273871 - 2026 - The surface is not superficial: Utilizing hyper-local thermal photogrammetry for pedestrian thermal comfort inquiry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-11T15:13:43.569738","indexId":"70273871","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-19T08:07:19","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The surface is not superficial: Utilizing hyper-local thermal photogrammetry for pedestrian thermal comfort inquiry","docAbstract":"The scale and magnitude of urban heating are often assessed using Satellite-Derived Land Surface Temperature (SD-LST). Yet, discrepancies in spatial resolution limit SD-LST’s ability to reflect pedestrian thermal experience, potentially leading to ineffective mitigation strategies. Hyper-local measurements of urban heat, defined as surface temperatures (TS) at the scale of pedestrian activity (e.g., bus stops or street segments), may provide more accurate insights into thermal comfort. This study compares hyper-local ~0.01 m resolution TS collected via consumer-grade Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) thermography with resampled 30 m resolution SD-LST from Landsat 8 and 9 images to evaluate their utility in predicting thermal comfort indices across 60 bus stops in Denver, Colorado. During the summer of 2023, 270 FLIR measurements were collected over 19 dates, with a four-day subset (n = 33) coinciding with Landsat imagery. FLIR TS averaged 25.12 ± 5.39 °C, while SD-LST averaged 35.90 ± 12.56 °C, a significant 10.77 °C difference (95% CI: 6.81–14.73; p < 0.001). FLIR TS strongly correlated with biometeorological metrics such as air temperature and mean radiant temperature (r > 0.8; p < 0.001), while SD-LST correlations were weak (r < 0.3). Linear mixed-effects models using FLIR TS explained 50–66% of the variance in thermal comfort indices and met ISO 7726 standards. Each 1 °C increase in FLIR TS predicted a 0.75 °C rise in mean radiant temperature. These results highlight hyper-local thermography as a reliable, low-cost tool for urban heat resilience planning.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs18020348","usgsCitation":"Steinharter, L., Ibsen, P.C., deSouza, P., and McHale, M.R., 2026, The surface is not superficial: Utilizing hyper-local thermal photogrammetry for pedestrian thermal comfort inquiry: Remote Sensing, v. 18, no. 2, 348, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020348.","productDescription":"348, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183417","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020348","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.29210252650385,\n 39.926551113261525\n ],\n [\n -105.29210252650385,\n 39.49581897348219\n ],\n [\n -104.64227323476742,\n 39.49581897348219\n ],\n [\n -104.64227323476742,\n 39.926551113261525\n ],\n [\n -105.29210252650385,\n 39.926551113261525\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steinharter, Logan","contributorId":366132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steinharter","given":"Logan","affiliations":[{"id":36972,"text":"University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ibsen, Peter Christian 0000-0002-3436-9100","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-9100","contributorId":260735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibsen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"deSouza, Priyanka","contributorId":366133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"deSouza","given":"Priyanka","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McHale, Melissa R.","contributorId":366135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHale","given":"Melissa","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36972,"text":"University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273819,"text":"70273819 - 2026 - Early Pliocene (Zanclean) sea surface temperature for PlioMIP3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-13T16:33:10.554506","indexId":"70273819","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-17T07:45:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Pliocene (Zanclean) sea surface temperature for PlioMIP3","docAbstract":"Paleoclimate researchers have been comparing Pliocene environmental data to paleoclimate model results since the 1980s. The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) began in 2008 with a focus on the Late Pliocene. Here we assess the availability and utility of sea surface temperature (SST) data for verification of Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP3) Early Pliocene (Zanclean) experiments. We analyze published data in terms of quantity and spatial distribution. Only SST estimates derived using alkenone paleo thermometry are reported, and all estimates are based upon the same temperature calibration. Sea surface temperature data are selected from within three distinct time intervals: The early Zanclean 5.3 Ma – 4.2 Ma time slab, and two time slices within the early Zanclean, chosen by PlioMIP3 at 4.870 Ma and 4.474 Ma. Results show the early Zanclean time slab contains 2055 individual estimates. Approximately ∼ 80% of these estimates come from Sites 609, 642, 846, 847, 882, 907, and 1146. There are 17 sites with a total of 42 estimates within the 4.474 Ma ±10 kyr time slice, and 15 sites with a total of 47 data points within the 4.870 Ma ±10 kyr interval. The sparse spatial and temporal distribution of Zanclean data, relative to the data available for the mid Piacenzian, makes point-by-point data model comparison suspect. We suggest interpreting model output against lower resolution long term trends in proxy data, and comparison of models through temperature gradients, may be the most useful application of currently available data. Integrating Zanclean age coastal plain sequences within data model comparison schemes, for increased understanding of regional climate impacts, also holds great potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105293","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H.J., and Foley, K.M., 2026, Early Pliocene (Zanclean) sea surface temperature for PlioMIP3: Global and Planetary Change, v. 259, 105293, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2026.105293.","productDescription":"105293, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179866","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500092,"rank":3,"type":{"id":42,"text":"Open Access USGS Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70273819/full"},{"id":500091,"rank":2,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70273819/70273819.XML"},{"id":499497,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"259","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":269579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70274646,"text":"70274646 - 2026 - Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T15:50:56.3047","indexId":"70274646","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T10:46:09","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment","docAbstract":"Coastal and pluvial flooding are both becoming more prevalent and severe due to climate change and urbanization in floodplains. The co-occurrence of these flood drivers is generally assumed to exacerbate the resulting flood impacts, a result referred to as compound flooding. However, few observational or modeling studies have investigated the circumstances under which this occurs. Here, we study the impacts of these combined flood drivers and evaluate the implicit hypothesis of official flood maps, which is that rainfall has a negligible impact on the flood depth and flooded area due to a 100 year coastal flood. A coastal system model, configured to capture coastal and pluvial flood drivers, is used. We evaluate the flooding for different urban landform types, including coastal landfill (human-made land), convergent areas (topographic depressions) and other urban terrain, within a model domain covering the Jamaica Bay watershed of New York City. A scenario-based strategy is adopted with a 100 year coastal flood as a control simulation, to which we add a set of realistic scenarios of rainfall data from historical tropical cyclones. We also apply a joint probability analysis framework with historical data to evaluate the probability of these compound coastal-pluvial scenarios. Results reveal cases where the pluvial driver compounds the coastal flood through expansion of the flood zone, with a 17% chance of rainfall increasing the flood area by 6%–38%, and a 5% chance of an increase of 61%–73%. It is rare that floods are significantly deepened but when deepening occurs, it is more common for the convergent zone than for the coastal landfill. These findings quantitatively assess the potential of the pluvial driver to exacerbate flooding, which may influence emergency management strategies such as evacuation plans, shelter arrangements, and related preparedness measures.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ae2a55","usgsCitation":"Kasaei, S., Orton, P.M., Wahli, T., Ralston, D.K., and Warner, J., 2026, Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment: Environmental Research Letters, v. 21, no. 2, 024007, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae2a55.","productDescription":"024007, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180316","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae2a55","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Jamaica Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.5876977066029,\n 40.75954897283495\n ],\n [\n -74.02868799233167,\n 40.684493367656756\n ],\n [\n -74.05112050066245,\n 40.574457557184985\n ],\n [\n -73.94306146662925,\n 40.54016116213248\n ],\n [\n -73.76592672096606,\n 40.572895209977005\n ],\n [\n -73.58988624400156,\n 40.57154570409608\n ],\n [\n -73.5876977066029,\n 40.75954897283495\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kasaei, Shima","contributorId":369142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasaei","given":"Shima","affiliations":[{"id":28243,"text":"Stevens Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orton, Phillip M.","contributorId":369143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orton","given":"Phillip","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":28243,"text":"Stevens Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wahli, Thomas","contributorId":201471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wahli","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ralston, David K.","contributorId":369144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralston","given":"David","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273370,"text":"70273370 - 2026 - Coral reef protection may help avert risks to people, property, and economic activity caused by projected reef degradation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T16:20:35.591479","indexId":"70273370","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T10:03:35","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5053,"text":"Earth's Future","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral reef protection may help avert risks to people, property, and economic activity caused by projected reef degradation","docAbstract":"Degradation of coral reefs over the past several decades has caused regional-scale erosion of the shallow seafloor that serves as a protective barrier against coastal hazards along southeast Florida, USA. How future change in coral reefs may affect coastal flooding, however, has been less attended than other factors contributing to increasing risks such as sea-level rise and more intense storms. Here, the increased flooding hazard faced by Florida's coastal communities from the projected future degradation of its adjacent coral reefs is evaluated through oceanographic, coastal engineering, habitat, geospatial, and socioeconomic modeling. Risk-based valuation approaches were followed to map flood zones at 10-m2 resolution along 430 km of Florida's reef-lined coast for the current and projected future coral reef conditions. The projected degradation of Florida's coral reefs can increase annual flooding to more than 8.77 km2 of land and 4,980 km of roads, affecting more than 7,315 people, $412.5 million in damages to 1,400 buildings, and economic disruption of $438.1 million annually (2024 US dollars). The degradation of Florida's coral reefs would increase the annual risk to people and structures by more than 42% and 47%, respectively, but is spatially variable due to the heterogeneous alongshore nature and distribution of the reefs and communities: the increased risk exceeds $1 million/km annually to more than 17% of the coastline but also disproportionately would affect vulnerable populations. These results help identify areas where coral reef protection could help reduce the projected increased storm flooding risk to Florida's coastal communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025EF006255","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C.D., Reguero, B., Yates, K., Alkins, K., Shope, J.B., Gaido-Lasserre, C., Fregoso, T., and Beck, M.W., 2026, Coral reef protection may help avert risks to people, property, and economic activity caused by projected reef eegradation: Earth's Future, v. 14, no. 1, e2025EF006255, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025EF006255.","productDescription":"e2025EF006255, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176207","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499445,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":499622,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ef006255","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.23010162208632,\n 25.552150467995233\n ],\n [\n -80.47749742473422,\n 25.15141192176594\n ],\n [\n -81.15433499801613,\n 24.779023140904116\n ],\n [\n -82.17192528060517,\n 24.681509029413803\n ],\n [\n -82.19059666193729,\n 24.452263270583572\n ],\n [\n -80.7575681447126,\n 24.622115228348946\n ],\n [\n -80.09940195276283,\n 25.40466453362501\n ],\n [\n -80.10406979809586,\n 25.568994474582937\n ],\n [\n -80.23010162208632,\n 25.552150467995233\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reguero, Borja","contributorId":264485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reguero","given":"Borja","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yates, Kimberly 0000-0001-8764-0358","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-0358","contributorId":202055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alkins, Kristen 0000-0003-3647-2678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-2678","contributorId":341902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alkins","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":37487,"text":"formerly USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shope, James B.","contributorId":135949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shope","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":10653,"text":"University of California at Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Science Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gaido-Lasserre, Camila","contributorId":341891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaido-Lasserre","given":"Camila","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17620,"text":"UCSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fregoso, Theresa 0000-0001-7802-5812","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-5812","contributorId":364922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fregoso","given":"Theresa","affiliations":[{"id":27571,"text":"USGS volunteer","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beck, Michael W.","contributorId":259298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":953485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70273508,"text":"70273508 - 2026 - An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:13:13.114286","indexId":"70273508","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T08:04:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Standardizing facies descriptions has proven key to integrating interpretations of depositional processes and environments from sedimentologic observations with geochemistry data for mudstone lithologies. Because of their fine-grained nature, high degree of compaction, and heterogeneous composition, standardizing methods for mudstone descriptions has proven difficult, but it is critical to formulating meaningful interpretations of the processes that govern the accumulation of organic-rich lithologies and their role in both petroleum systems and the global carbon cycle. In this study, we have developed a modified facies classification scheme for mudstone lithologies that incorporates sedimentologic and compositional observation at the hand-sample and thin-section scales with geochemical measurements, including bulk organic and inorganic geochemistry, to characterize these rocks and their variability more completely for improved interpretations of depositional environments during a low-order sea-level transgression. The facies described in this study are of the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation in the USGS #1 Portland Core drilled in Fremont County, Colorado. Strata of the Greenhorn Formation span Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE-2) and the preceding interval. Lithologies range from organic-rich argillaceous mudstones with varied sedimentary structures to organic-lean, highly bioturbated limestones. Six facies were identified, each differentiated by varied sedimentary structures and geochemical composition. These facies occur in a predictable stratigraphic stacking pattern that represents a low-order sea-level transgression with interpreted depositional environments ranging from terrigenous-dominated pro-delta and muddy continental shelf at the base of the interval to pelagic offshore marine at the top of the Greenhorn Formation. Though the facies are consistent with previous interpretations of depositional environments at this locale in the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway during the Greenhorn cyclothem, the sedimentary processes governing the accumulation of organic-rich strata that have defined this interval are significantly revised. Variability in the proximity and intensity of bottom currents driven by storms and geostrophic flows were key to the accumulation of each facies, with significant sediment transport occurring even through deposition in the most oxygen-depleted bottom waters. The methodology and interpretations provided here are now being employed to basin-scale predictions of organic enrichment utilizing calibrated petrophysical methods. The approach and results from this study improve understanding of how organic and inorganic carbon was sequestered during perturbations to the global carbon cycle associated with events such as OAE-2.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2024.138","usgsCitation":"Flaum, J.A., French, K.L., Birdwell, J.E., and Timm, K.K., 2026, An integrated mudstone facies classification scheme and revised interpretation of the sedimentologic processes driving carbon burial in the Cenomanian–Turonian Greenhorn Formation, Colorado, U.S.A.: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 96, no. 1, p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2024.138.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-172359","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Fremont County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.0710390315544,\n 38.78981661569202\n ],\n [\n -106.13236791392487,\n 37.86241312434697\n ],\n [\n -104.5947771998546,\n 37.80870262042711\n ],\n [\n -104.5650571117552,\n 38.76694004570902\n ],\n [\n -106.0710390315544,\n 38.78981661569202\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flaum, Jason A. 0000-0003-1251-1142","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-1142","contributorId":300809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flaum","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"French, Katherine L. 0000-0002-0153-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8035","contributorId":205462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":954085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Timm, Kira K. 0000-0002-7439-4626","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-4626","contributorId":270009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Timm","given":"Kira","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274137,"text":"70274137 - 2026 - Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-27T14:56:43.851841","indexId":"70274137","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-16T07:50:46","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series","docAbstract":"Accurate mapping of post-fire surviving trees is important for tracking forest recovery and prioritizing land management decisions. Satellite-based remote sensing is an effective method to assess post-fire forest conditions. Traditionally, differenced satellite-derived burn severity indices are computed by differencing one year pre- and post-fire spectral reflectance values. Differenced burn severity indices are useful for quantifying and mapping the magnitude of ecological change, but their application to detecting and mapping post-fire live trees may not be as appropriate, particularly for delayed tree mortality. Delayed tree mortality (“delayed mortality”) is a phenomenon where trees that initially survive fire then die over an extended period (between one and five years), and it can be challenging to measure and predict. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of mapping delayed mortality using readily available remotely sensed imagery alone. We used random forest models to detect post-fire live trees using 10-m resolution Sentinel-2 data at one-, three-, and five-years post-fire for four fires in the southern Sierra Nevada, California, USA. Using imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP; 60-cm resolution), we manually classified live tree presence in 6000 Sentinel-2 pixels (500 pixels for each fire-year combination) to calibrate and validate models. Sentinel-2 based model accuracies ranged from 65 % to 86 % with F-scores ranging from 0.52 to 0.86, and their predictions of live pixel area were on average 44 % lower than inferred from more traditional indices such as relative differenced normalized burn ratio (RdNBR). This work represents a promising first step in using freely available post-fire spectral reflectance imagery to detect live trees over an extended period to support post-fire management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461","usgsCitation":"Saberi, S.J., van Mantgem, P., Wright, M.C., Wong, C.Y., Latimer, A.M., and Young, D.J., 2026, Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 605, 123461, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461.","productDescription":"123461, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180306","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123461","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sequoia National Forest, Sierra National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.12109947611486,\n 37.015918722573474\n ],\n [\n -119.12109947611486,\n 35.62728306165032\n ],\n [\n -117.47104148650808,\n 35.62728306165032\n ],\n [\n -117.47104148650808,\n 37.015918722573474\n ],\n [\n -119.12109947611486,\n 37.015918722573474\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"605","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saberi, Saba J.","contributorId":367061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saberi","given":"Saba","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":204320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, Micah C. 0000-0002-5324-1110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-1110","contributorId":229071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Micah","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wong, Christopher Y.S.","contributorId":367062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wong","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"Y.S.","affiliations":[{"id":18889,"text":"University of New Brunswick","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Latimer, Andrew M.","contributorId":367063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latimer","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Young, Derek J.N.","contributorId":367064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"J.N.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273763,"text":"70273763 - 2026 - A review and synthesis of post-wildfire shifts in hydrologic processes and streamflow generation mechanisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-28T17:02:04.427675","indexId":"70273763","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T09:55:04","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23283,"text":"Environmental Research: Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review and synthesis of post-wildfire shifts in hydrologic processes and streamflow generation mechanisms","docAbstract":"Critical water supply watersheds in the western United States (WUS) are impacted by wildfires, with potential negative effects on water quality and quantity. Scientific understanding is currently insufficient to deliver estimates of wildfire consequences for water quantity that are regionally accurate. Regional variability in the directionality and magnitude of post-wildfire shifts in streamflow generation fuels uncertainty in estimates of wildfire effects on water supply. In this work we provide a narrative review of wildfire effects on hydrologic processes and the resulting changes in streamflow generation mechanisms with a focus on the WUS, incorporating other global regions when pertinent. A conceptual model summary of wildfire effects on streamflow generation emphasizes: (1) precipitation seasonality, (2) synchrony of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, (3) net shifts in interception, evaporation, and transpiration relative to total annual precipitation, (4) vegetation changes, including compensatory uptake and type conversion, (5) degree of overlap in rainfall rates and infiltration, (6) fire extent and severity, (7) burn scar positioning (e.g. in headwaters or proximal to watershed outlet), (8) scale-dependent groundwater leakage, (9) near-surface water storage reduction, and (10) soil to groundwater connectivity. Ongoing gaps and challenges include separating the influences of precipitation variability, water withdrawals, and post-fire land management; compound and overlapping disturbances; and lack of pre-fire data. Notable future opportunities include: harnessing ever-improving gridded and remotely sensed precipitation and fire-effects data; linking geophysical, isotopic tracer, and geochemical signatures to diagnose hydrologic changes; leveraging physically based and data-driven model advancements; and analyzing streamflow generation recovery trajectories across diverse watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., Hammond, J., Walvoord, M.A., Partridge, T.F., Rey, D., and Murphy, S.F., 2026, A review and synthesis of post-wildfire shifts in hydrologic processes and streamflow generation mechanisms: Environmental Research: Water, v. 1, no. 4, 042001, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64.","productDescription":"042001, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178244","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/3033-4942/ae2a64","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 49.09854340485592\n ],\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 31.217992482905444\n ],\n [\n -103.12645954620436,\n 31.217992482905444\n ],\n [\n -103.12645954620436,\n 49.09854340485592\n ],\n [\n -127.12193959016071,\n 49.09854340485592\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":218151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, John C. 0000-0002-4935-0736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0736","contributorId":223108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John C.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle A. 0000-0003-4269-8366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":211843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Partridge, Trevor Fuess 0000-0003-1589-4783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1589-4783","contributorId":302668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Partridge","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"Fuess","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273478,"text":"70273478 - 2026 - Computation of regional groundwater budgets for the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T14:45:03.556815","indexId":"70273478","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T08:35:29","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18346,"text":"EarthArXiv","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":32}},"title":"Computation of regional groundwater budgets for the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system","docAbstract":"Computation of detailed groundwater flow budgets for subdivisions of Virginia’s Coastal Plain aquifer system has enabled quantification and more thorough understanding of groundwater flow within this important water resource. A zone budget analysis conducted on previously published groundwater models of the Virginia Coastal Plain and Virginia Eastern Shore shows that groundwater conditions vary substantially throughout the Coastal Plain aquifer system due to local variations in hydrogeology and historical and ongoing variations in groundwater use and management. Decades of substantial groundwater withdrawal from the Coastal Plain aquifer system have fundamentally altered groundwater flow from pre-development conditions. Rates of sustainable withdrawal are limited because the downward groundwater flow rate into confined aquifers supplying groundwater is a relatively small portion of the total groundwater water budget for the aquifer system.
Analyses of groundwater budgets from the Virginia Coastal Plain model show that groundwater flow is generally outward from the surficial aquifer to rivers and coastal water bodies and downward through a series of underlying aquifers and confining units to the Potomac aquifer, which is the deepest aquifer and the source of most groundwater withdrawals. Downward flow into the Potomac aquifer currently is estimated to be only 7 percent of total net precipitation-derived net recharge at the land surface but makes up about 66 percent of inflow to the aquifer in Virginia, with much of the remaining inflow occurring laterally from areas outside of defined groundwater budget regions in Virginia. For several decades prior to 2010, high rates of withdrawal from the Potomac aquifer resulted in substantial decline in groundwater storage in the aquifer and in most overlying aquifers and confining units. From 2010 to 2025, rates of withdrawal substantially lower than the historical maximum have resulted in small net increases in groundwater storage in the confined aquifer system for most regions of the Virginia Coastal Plain. Nevertheless, for the same period, groundwater storage for the entire model domain continues to incrementally decline, indicating that storage recovery in Virginia is offset by a continued decrease in storage in areas beneath the Chesapeake Bay or in adjacent areas of Maryland and North Carolina. Withdrawals from the Potomac aquifer have induced substantial downward flow which is a large part of groundwater budgets for confined aquifers such as the Potomac. Downward groundwater flow continues under current conditions, but because vertical flow rates are a function of the difference between water pressure in the upper surficial systems and lower confined units, those rates are lower than those in earlier decades as the confined water levels partially recover from larger groundwater withdrawals in the past. Geographically, groundwater flow is generally inward from perimeter regions of the Virginia Coastal Plain toward central regions with the largest withdrawal rates. Estimated groundwater inflow from coastal regions could be contributing to saltwater intrusion, though that was not measured directly in this study.
Analyses of groundwater budgets from the Virginia Eastern Shore peninsula, a geographic region of the Virginia Coastal Plain, show that groundwater flow for that isolated aquifer system is generally outward from the surficial aquifer to coastal water bodies and downward into the confined Yorktown-Eastover aquifer system, which is the source of most withdrawals. Downward groundwater flow into the confined Yorktown-Eastover aquifer system is estimated to be less than 2 percent of total recharge and less than 9 percent of net recharge at the water table but makes up over 93 percent of all inflow to the confined aquifer system. Decades of substantial but relatively consistent groundwater withdrawals have induced greater downward flow rates into the confined aquifer system but also have resulted in loss of groundwater from storage. Currently, estimated storage loss accounts for slightly under 7 percent of withdrawals from the confined aquifer system. The current withdrawal rate from the confined Yorktown-Eastover system is near the highest reported rate for the Eastern Shore, which means that the storage depletion is expected to continue, even though groundwater levels appear to be relatively stable. Estimated groundwater flow rates upward from the confining unit underlying the Yorktown-Eastover system and small rates of inflow from coastal water bodies underscore ongoing concerns about up-coning and lateral intrusion of salty groundwater.