{"pageNumber":"5008","pageRowStart":"125175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70012764,"text":"70012764 - 1985 - Mineralization of breccia pipes in northern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T23:38:46.572288","indexId":"70012764","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralization of breccia pipes in northern Arizona","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Paleozoic sedimentary rocks on the Colorado Plateau of northern Arizona are host to hundreds ofbreccia pipes. The uranium and copper deposits in these breccia pipes transgress formation boundaries from the Mississippian Redwall Limestone to the Triassic Chinle Formation. They are not classic breccia pipes in that there is no volcanic rock associated with them in time or space. They are the result of solution-collapse within the Redwall Limestone and stoping of the overlying strata. The karst development in the Redwall Limestone began in the Mississippian and apparently either continued to the Triassic or was at least once again active during that time. The mineralization apparently occurred shortly thereafter, sometime during the Mesozoic. Mining activity in breccia pipes of the Grand Canyon region began during the nineteenth century and continues today with the operation of the Hack I, II, and III mines, although the exploited commodity has changed from Cu to U. Although small in size, these pipes contain samples with up to 55 percent U&nbsp;</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;O&nbsp;</span><sub>8</sub><span>&nbsp;and can yield ore averaging between 0.30 and 0.60 percent U&nbsp;</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;O&nbsp;</span><sub>8</sub><span>&nbsp;.Mineralization at the surface commonly occurs within nodules and concretions associated with pyrite and goethite and along fractures, while the primary ore of the unoxidized zones is commonly within a comminuted sandstone matrix surrounding breccia fragments of overlying formations. The ore mineral is uraninite, although associated with it are sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, tennantite, millerite, siegenite, and/molybdenite. Some of the surface nodules are encrusted with malachite and are exceptionally enriched in Ag. Pyrite is abundant, and the organic carbon content of some rocks is high enough to suggest that it, along with the pyrite, may be a reductant for uranium. In contrast, it is possible, if uranium were transported as a bicarbonate or carbonate complex, that only a conduit of brecciated rock was necessary to release CO&nbsp;</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;, thus disrupting the equilibrium and allowing uraninite to precipitate. An extensive suite of elements is significantly enriched in the mineralized rock: Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, U, V, Zn, and the rare earth elements. Of these, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, and particularly As appear to be the best geochemical indicators of mineralized pipes. At present the origin of the mineralizing fluids is not known. The lack of extensive silification within the breccia, along with the 80 degrees to 173 degrees C fluid inclusion-filling temperatures on sphalerite, dolomite, quartz, and calcite, suggests relatively low-temperature mineralizing fluids, although heated in excess of what would be expected from the normal geothermal gradient on the Colorado Plateau. With the exception of the U-mineralized rock, the mineral assemblage and geochemistry is similar to Mississippi Valley-type deposits.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.80.6.1722","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Wenrich, K.J., 1985, Mineralization of breccia pipes in northern Arizona: Economic Geology, v. 80, no. 6, p. 1722-1735, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.80.6.1722.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1722","endPage":"1735","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5a83e4b0c8380cd6ef15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenrich, Karen J.","contributorId":19177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenrich","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012769,"text":"70012769 - 1985 - Benthic fluxes in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:55:28","indexId":"70012769","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benthic fluxes in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p>Measurements of benthic fluxes have been made on four occasions between February 1980 and February 1981 at a channel station and a shoal station in South San Francisco Bay, using in situ flux chambers. On each occasion replicate measurements of easily measured substances such as radon, oxygen, ammonia, and silica showed a variability (??1??) of 30% or more over distances of a few meters to tens of meters, presumably due to spatial heterogeneity in the benthic community. Fluxes of radon were greater at the shoal station than at the channel station because of greater macrofaunal irrigation at the former, but showed little seasonal variability at either station. At both stations fluxes of oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and silica were largest following the spring bloom. Fluxes measured during different seasons ranged over factors of 2-3, 3, 4-5, and 3-10 (respectively), due to variations in phytoplankton productivity and temperature. Fluxes of oxygen and carbon dioxide were greater at the shoal station than at the channel station because the net phytoplankton productivity is greater there and the organic matter produced must be rapidly incorporated in the sediment column. Fluxes of silica were greater at the shoal station, probably because of the greater irrigation rates there. N + N (nitrate + nitrite) fluxes were variable in magnitude and in sign. Phosphate fluxes were too small to measure accurately. Alkalinity fluxes were similar at the two stations and are attributed primarily to carbonate dissolution at the shoal station and to sulfate reduction at the channel station. The estimated average fluxes into South Bay, based on results from these two stations over the course of a year, are (in mmol m-2 d-1): O2 = -27 ?? 6; TCO2 = 23 ?? 6; Alkalinity = 9 ?? 2; N + N = -0.3 ?? 0.5; NH3 = 1.4 ?? 0.2; PO4 = 0.1 ?? 0.4; Si = 5.6 ?? 1.1. These fluxes are comparable in magnitude to those in other temperate estuaries with similar productivity, although the seasonal variability is smaller, probably because the annual temperature range in San Francisco Bay is smaller. Budgets constructed for South San Francisco Bay show that large fractions of the net annual productivity of carbon (about 90%) and silica (about 65%) are recycled by the benthos. Substantial rates of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification must occur in shoal areas, apparently resulting in conversion to N2 of 55% of the particulate nitrogen reaching the sediments. In shoal areas, benthic fluxes can replace the water column standing stocks of ammonia in 2-6 days and silica in 17-34 days, indicating the importance of benthic fluxes in the maintenance of productivity. Pore water profiles of nutrients and Rn-222 show that macrofaunal irrigation is extremely important in transport of silica, ammonia, and alkalinity. Calculations of benthic fluxes from these profiles are less accurate, but yield results consistent with chamber measurements and indicate that most of the NH3, SiO2, and alkalinity fluxes are sustained by reactions occurring throughout the upper 20-40 cm of the sediment column. In contrast, O2, CO2, and N + N fluxes must be dominated by reactions occurring within the upper one cm of the sediment-water interface. While most data support the statements made above, a few flux measurements are contradictory and demonstrate the complexity of benthic exchange. ?? 1985 Dr W. Junk Publishers.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/BF00048688","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Hammond, D.E., Fuller, C., Harmon, D., Hartman, B., Korosec, M., Miller, L., Rea, R., Warren, S., Berelson, W., and Hager, S., 1985, Benthic fluxes in San Francisco Bay: Hydrobiologia, v. 129, no. 1, p. 69-90, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048688.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":221911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205162,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048688"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Francisco","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.01940917968751,\n              37.23470197166817\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.01940917968751,\n              38.22307753495298\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5472412109375,\n              38.22307753495298\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5472412109375,\n              37.23470197166817\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.01940917968751,\n              37.23470197166817\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"129","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0b6e4b0c8380cd4a889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hammond, Douglas E.","contributorId":67878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, C.","contributorId":106640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harmon, D.","contributorId":40732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartman, Blayne","contributorId":77664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"Blayne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Korosec, M.","contributorId":81251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korosec","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, L.G.","contributorId":32522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rea, R.","contributorId":65602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Warren, S.","contributorId":20075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Berelson, W.","contributorId":48312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berelson","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hager, S.W.","contributorId":51746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70013083,"text":"70013083 - 1985 - Dissolution of barite for the analysis of strontium isotopes and other chemical and isotopic variations using aqueous sodium carbonate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-17T01:07:09.516732","indexId":"70013083","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1214,"text":"Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience Section","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolution of barite for the analysis of strontium isotopes and other chemical and isotopic variations using aqueous sodium carbonate","docAbstract":"<p><span>A simple procedure for preparing barite samples for chemical and isotopic analysis is described. Sulfate ion, in barite, in the presence of high concentrations of aqueous sodium carbonate, is replaced by carbonate. This replacement forms insoluble carbonates with the cations commonly in barite: Ba, Sr, Ca and Pb. Sulfate is released into the solution by the carbonate replacement and is separated by filtration. The aqueous sulfate can then be reprecipitated for analysis of the sulfur and oxygen isotopes. The cations in the carbonate phase can be dissolved by acidifying the solid residue. Sr can be separated from the solution for Sr isotope analysis by ion-exchange chromatography. The sodium carbonate used contains amounts of Sr which will affect almost all barite&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>87</mn></msup><mtext>Sr</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>86</mn></msup><mtext>Sr</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">87Sr86Sr</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;ratios by less than 0.00001 at 1.95θ of the mean. The procedure is preferred over other techniques used for preparing barite samples for the determination of&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>87</mn></msup><mtext>Sr</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>86</mn></msup><mtext>Sr</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">87Sr86Sr</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;ratios because it is simple, rapid and enables simultaneous determination of many compositional parameters on the same material.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0168-9622(85)90043-0","issn":"01689622","usgsCitation":"Breit, G.N., Simmons, E., and Goldhaber, M., 1985, Dissolution of barite for the analysis of strontium isotopes and other chemical and isotopic variations using aqueous sodium carbonate: Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience Section, v. 52, no. 3-4, p. 333-336, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9622(85)90043-0.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220621,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a022de4b0c8380cd4ff19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breit, G. N.","contributorId":94664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, E.C.","contributorId":80413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013056,"text":"70013056 - 1985 - The National Cartographic Information Center: An information resource on mapping products for the nation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-15T15:36:07.451625","indexId":"70013056","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3345,"text":"Science and Technology Libraries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The National Cartographic Information Center: An information resource on mapping products for the nation","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since its inception in 1974 the National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), U.S. Geological Survey, has rapidly developed to become a focial point for providing information on the availability of cartographic data, including maps/charts, aerial photographics, satellite imagery, geodetic control, digitial mapping data, map materials and related cartographic products. In early years NCIC concentrated its efforts on encoding and entering several major National Mapping Division record collections into its systems. NCIC is now stressing the acquisition of data from sources outside the National Mapping Division, including 37 Federal agencies and more than a thousand State and private insitutions. A critial review has recently been conducted by NCIC of its systems with the aim of improving its efficiency and levels of operation. Several activities which resulted include improving its existing networks, refinement of digital distribution, study of new storage media and related parts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1300/J122v05n03_03","issn":"0194262X","usgsCitation":"Stevens, A.R., 1985, The National Cartographic Information Center: An information resource on mapping products for the nation: Science and Technology Libraries, v. 5, no. 3, p. 25-38, https://doi.org/10.1300/J122v05n03_03.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220230,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6134e4b0c8380cd7183e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Alan R.","contributorId":82842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012979,"text":"70012979 - 1985 - Nitrogen and phosphorus speciation and flux in a large Florida river wetland System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:11:13","indexId":"70012979","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen and phosphorus speciation and flux in a large Florida river wetland System","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrologic measurements and analyses of various nitrogen and phosphorus species were made on the Apalachicola River system in northern Florida in 1979 and 1980. Annual outflows of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were not substantially different from annual inflows. However, there was significant net import of ammonia and soluble reactive phosphorus and net export of some particulate and organic species. The TN: TP ratio ranged from 12 to 15, but the specific ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen: soluble reactive phosphorus was much higher (up to 40) and increased in a downstream direction; this contributed to a phosphorus-limiting situation in Apalachicola estuary. Processes within the flood plain ecosystem accounted for much of the release of organic and particulate species and retention of inorganic species. This flood plain function is probably critical for maintaining a nutrient pool in the estuary which supports secondary productivity and a detrital-based food web.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i005p00724","usgsCitation":"Elder, J.F., 1985, Nitrogen and phosphorus speciation and flux in a large Florida river wetland System: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 5, p. 724-732, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i005p00724.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"724","endPage":"732","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487159,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/wr021i005p00724","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":220223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola river","volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66c5e4b0c8380cd72fa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elder, John F.","contributorId":23919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":364993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012775,"text":"70012775 - 1985 - Crustal structure of the southern Calaveras fault zone, central California, from seismic refraction investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-29T15:25:28.928103","indexId":"70012775","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal structure of the southern Calaveras fault zone, central California, from seismic refraction investigations","docAbstract":"<p>A magnitude 5.7 earthquake on 6 August 1979, within the Calaveras fault zone, near Coyote Lake of west-central California, motivated a seismic-refraction investigation in this area. A northwest-southeast profile along the fault, as well as two fan profiles across the fault were recorded to examine the velocity structure of this region.</p><p>The analysis of the data reveals a complicated upper crustal velocity structure with strong lateral variations in all directions. The near-surface layers consist of recent sediments with seismic&nbsp;<i>P</i>-wave velocities of 2.6 to 3.2 km/sec. These are underlain by rocks of the Great Valley Sequence which have an average velocity of 4.5 km/sec. The Great Valley Sequence is present along the whole profile; depths range from 4.3 to 4.8 km in the northwest near Anderson Lake and in the southeast of the profile line near Hollister. In the middle of the profile near Coyote Lake, however, this layer thins and we find a laterally limited higher velocity layer (5.1 km/sec) between depths of 2.8 to 4.8 km. The high-velocity zone, which coincides with a gravity high, also correlates spatially with the hypocentral area of the 6 August earthquake and its aftershocks and may therefore represent an asperity on the fault.</p><p>Velocities within the fault zone were determined from the fan profiles. Near Anderson Lake, a pronounced delay of first arrivals on the fan records indicates a vertical 1- to 2-km-wide near-surface, low-velocity zone along the fault. Near Coyote Lake, the delays observed in the fan records correlate with two subsurface en-echelon fault planes which have been previously identified from lineations in the seismicity pattern.</p><p>The structure of the lower crust is similar to the neighboring Diablo Range: a 8- to 9-km-thick upper crustal layer with a seismic velocity of 5.7 to 6.3 km/sec is underlain by a 3-km-thick layer with velocity 6.8 km/sec. In accordance with previous studies of the Diablo Range, there are indications of a pronounced lower crustal low-velocity zone between a depth of 17 and 23 km. The presence of this low-velocity zone suggests that higher velocity (igneous?) rocks of the middle crust have been thrust over sedimentary rocks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0750010193","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Blumling, P., Mooney, W.D., and Lee, W.H., 1985, Crustal structure of the southern Calaveras fault zone, central California, from seismic refraction investigations: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 75, no. 1, p. 193-209, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0750010193.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373369,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/75/1/193/118666/Crustal-structure-of-the-southern-Calaveras-fault"},{"id":222035,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Calaveras fault zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.03613281249999,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.134765625,\n              39.90973623453719\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.32226562500001,\n              35.88905007936091\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.38867187500001,\n              34.95799531086792\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.0478515625,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.03613281249999,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2e6e4b0c8380cd4b48a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blumling, Peter","contributorId":46219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumling","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, William H. K. whklee@usgs.gov","contributorId":623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"William","email":"whklee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":364497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013116,"text":"70013116 - 1985 - Type curve analysis of inertial effects in the response of a well to a slug test.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:03:12","indexId":"70013116","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Type curve analysis of inertial effects in the response of a well to a slug test.","docAbstract":"<p><span>The water level response to a slug or bailer test in a well completed in a confined aquifer has been evaluated taking into account well-bore storage and inertial effects of the water column in the well. The response range, from overdamped with negligible inertial effects to damped oscillation, was covered employing numerical inversions of the Laplace-transform solution. By scaling the time with respect to the undamped natural period of the well-aquifer system and by using the damping parameter for a second-order damped, inertial-elastic system, a set of type curves was constructed that enables water level response data from a slug or bailer test to be analyzed under conditions where the inertial parameter is large. Values of transmissivity and effective static water column length can be determined when an estimate of storage coefficient is available. The numerical solution and resulting type curves cover the transition range between the limiting cases of negligible inertial effects and of damped oscillation that have been treated by others. Two examples of slug test analysis show that precise results depend on accurate measurements of water level displacement (±1% of initial value).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i009p01397","usgsCitation":"Kipp, K.L., 1985, Type curve analysis of inertial effects in the response of a well to a slug test.: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 9, p. 1397-1408, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i009p01397.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1397","endPage":"1408","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9ace4b08c986b327d29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kipp, Kenneth L. Jr.","contributorId":189754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kipp","given":"Kenneth","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013117,"text":"70013117 - 1985 - ANNIE - INTERACTIVE PROCESSING OF DATA BASES FOR HYDROLOGIC MODELS.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013117","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ANNIE - INTERACTIVE PROCESSING OF DATA BASES FOR HYDROLOGIC MODELS.","docAbstract":"ANNIE is a data storage and retrieval system that was developed to reduce the time and effort required to calibrate, verify, and apply watershed models that continuously simulate water quantity and quality. Watershed models have three categories of input: parameters to describe segments of a drainage area, linkage of the segments, and time-series data. Additional goals for ANNIE include the development of software that is easily implemented on minicomputers and some microcomputers and software that has no special requirements for interactive display terminals. Another goal is for the user interaction to be based on the experience of the user so that ANNIE is helpful to the inexperienced user and yet efficient and brief for the experienced user. Finally, the code should be designed so that additional hydrologic models can easily be added to ANNIE.","conferenceTitle":"International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology (Preprints of Papers).","conferenceLocation":"Los Angeles, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Soc","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, USA","usgsCitation":"Lumb, A.M., and Kittle, J.L., 1985, ANNIE - INTERACTIVE PROCESSING OF DATA BASES FOR HYDROLOGIC MODELS., International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology (Preprints of Papers)., Los Angeles, CA, USA, p. 91-93.","startPage":"91","endPage":"93","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e62ee4b0c8380cd47210","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lumb, Alan M.","contributorId":47792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lumb","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kittle, John L.","contributorId":90468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kittle","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013119,"text":"70013119 - 1985 - U. S. PHOSPHATE INDUSTRY: REVISED PROSPECTS AND POTENTIAL.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013119","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2678,"text":"Marine Technology Society Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U. S. PHOSPHATE INDUSTRY: REVISED PROSPECTS AND POTENTIAL.","docAbstract":"Although the United States is the world's largest producer and exporter of phosphates, serious doubts have arisen in recent years that U. S. deposits could sustain this important role. The development of borehole mining; i. e. , extracting the phosphate matrix as a slurry through a drill hole, however, is cause for optimism. Commercial borehole mining is still years away, but the potential advantages are numerous and important. Recent surveys also suggest that offshore deposits and deeply buried onshore deposits much exceed previous estimates. On the basis of the new technology and revised resource estimates, one can easily see the potential for increased production from U. S. deposits.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Technology Society Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00253324","usgsCitation":"McKelvey, V., 1985, U. S. PHOSPHATE INDUSTRY: REVISED PROSPECTS AND POTENTIAL.: Marine Technology Society Journal, v. 19, no. 4, p. 65-67.","startPage":"65","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bba3ae4b08c986b32804f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKelvey, Vincent E.","contributorId":106637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKelvey","given":"Vincent E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012978,"text":"70012978 - 1985 - Carboniferous U-Pb age of the Sebago batholith, southwestern Maine: Metamorphic and tectonic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-28T21:57:08.001591","indexId":"70012978","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carboniferous U-Pb age of the Sebago batholith, southwestern Maine: Metamorphic and tectonic implications","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15275709\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Two phases (pink and white granite) of the Sebago batholith of southwestern Maine have been dated by the U-Pb zircon method. Identical upper concordia intercepts of both rocks indicate an intrusive age of 325 ± 3 m.y. for the batholith. The lower intercept of the pink-phase sample, 114 ± 13 m.y., is inferred to represent episodic lead loss due to the intrusion of the nearby Cretaceous Pleasant Mountain stock. The lower intercept of the white-phase sample, 18 ± 21 m.y., suggests only modern dilatancy lead loss. Monazites have ages of 272 m.y. (pink) and 282 m.y. (white) which are thought to be cooling ages. Rb-Sr whole-rock data have low initial<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratios of 0.7031 (pink) and 0.7053 (white). These data, in conjunction with published<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar, Rb-Sr, K-Ar, and fission-track ages, suggest that little or no uplift occurred in this part of New England until the Permian and that the uplift rate from 275 m.y. to 225 m.y. was ∼3 times as rapid as was the rate for 225 m.y. to the present. The Carboniferous age of the Sebago batholith suggests that currently accepted metamorphic and tectonic interpretations for southwestern Maine and for east-central New Hampshire require revision.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<990:CUAOTS>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J., Moench, R.H., and Lyons, J., 1985, Carboniferous U-Pb age of the Sebago batholith, southwestern Maine: Metamorphic and tectonic implications: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, no. 8, p. 990-996, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<990:CUAOTS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"990","endPage":"996","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220170,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.3036125395319,\n              44.81568742573111\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.3036125395319,\n              42.75380834567113\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.84267503953212,\n              42.75380834567113\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.84267503953212,\n              44.81568742573111\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.3036125395319,\n              44.81568742573111\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f373e4b0c8380cd4b811","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, J.H.","contributorId":74247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moench, R. H.","contributorId":8853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyons, J.B.","contributorId":51390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012778,"text":"70012778 - 1985 - Compositional and mineralogic constraints on the genesis of ophiolite hosted nickel mineralization in the Pevkos area, Limassol Forest, Cyprus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:10","indexId":"70012778","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional and mineralogic constraints on the genesis of ophiolite hosted nickel mineralization in the Pevkos area, Limassol Forest, Cyprus","docAbstract":"Mineralization composed dominantly of primary troilite, maucherite, pentlandite, and chalcopyrite, and secondary valleriite occurs in serpentinized transition zone rocks of the Limasol Forest segment of the Troodos ophiolite complex, Cyprus. Whole-rock and electron microprobe analyses of this mineralization gives ranges of Cu/(Cu+Ni)=0.16 to 0.47, Pt/(Pt+Pd)=0.66 to 0.51, Ni/Co=6.33 to 13.4, and chondrite normalized plots with low concentrations of Rh, Pt, and Pd, but relatively high Au. Estimated distribution coefficients of nickel and iron between olivine and ore range from 0.5 to 7.4. Most of these data are unlike values from magmatic sulfide deposits and indicate either a complete alteration of a preexisting magmatic sulfide concentration or, more likely, a nonmagmatic origin for this mineralization. ?? 1985 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00204279","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Foose, M.P., Economou, M., and Panayiotou, A., 1985, Compositional and mineralogic constraints on the genesis of ophiolite hosted nickel mineralization in the Pevkos area, Limassol Forest, Cyprus: Mineralium Deposita, v. 20, no. 4, p. 234-240, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00204279.","startPage":"234","endPage":"240","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205201,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00204279"},{"id":222098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f935e4b0c8380cd4d4ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foose, M. P.","contributorId":97075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foose","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Economou, M.","contributorId":72533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Economou","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Panayiotou, A.","contributorId":49109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panayiotou","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012779,"text":"70012779 - 1985 - Experimental chemical weathering of various bedrock types at different pH-values. 1. Sandstone and granite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T07:37:06","indexId":"70012779","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental chemical weathering of various bedrock types at different pH-values. 1. Sandstone and granite","docAbstract":"<p id=\"simple-para.0010\">Experimental chemical weathering of the so-called Old Rag Granite and Massanutten Sandstone, Virginia, U.S.A., has produced a comparison with the natural environment, and prediction of the effect of acid precipitation. The experimental results of the release of elements, dissolution of minerals, total rock weathered and the degree of weathering as function of volume of leachate were plotted. These data were compared with the natural environment. The use of the plots to predict the effect of high levels of rain acidity on weathering of these rocks is demonstrated.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0015\">A nonexpandable 14-Å clay was developed from the alteration of biotite during the experimental chemical weathering of the granite at pH 4. This interstratified Al(OH)—mica clay resembles those of the soil developed on the granite and sandstone. Hydroxy-Al may be precipitating between the mica interlayers and producing a 14-Å spacing. Development of this clay by chemical alteration of biotite may change the current hypotheses about its origin in the soils of northeastern U.S.A.</p><p id=\"simple-para.0020\">While Al-hydroxide seems to regulate Al concentrations in stream waters at the present level of rain acidity, it was found that at lower pH and in the presence of high sulfate concentrations, Al solubility may be controlled by Al-sulfate phase(s).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(85)90149-4","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Afifi, A., Bricker, O., and Chemerys, J., 1985, Experimental chemical weathering of various bedrock types at different pH-values. 1. Sandstone and granite: Chemical Geology, v. 49, no. 1-3, p. 87-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90149-4.","productDescription":"27 p. ","startPage":"87","endPage":"113","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266105,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90149-4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia 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 \"}}]}","volume":"49","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dc4e4b0c8380cd531a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Afifi, A.A.","contributorId":98768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afifi","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bricker, O.P.","contributorId":33717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"O.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chemerys, J.C.","contributorId":94293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chemerys","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012976,"text":"70012976 - 1985 - STATE WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE PROGRAM: GROUND WATER RESEARCH.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70012976","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"STATE WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE PROGRAM: GROUND WATER RESEARCH.","docAbstract":"This paper updates a review of the accomplishments of the State Water Resources Research Program in ground water contamination research. The aim is to assess the progress made towards understanding the mechanisms of ground water contamination and based on this understanding, to suggest procedures for the prevention and control of ground water contamination. The following research areas are covered: (1) mechanisms of organic contaminant transport in the subsurface environment; (2) bacterial and viral contamination of ground water from landfills and septic tank systems; (3) fate and persistence of pesticides in the subsurface; (4) leachability and transport of ground water pollutants from coal production and utilization; and (5) pollution of ground water from mineral mining activities.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of a Symposium - Groundwater Contamination and Reclamation.","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, AZ, USA","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Assoc","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD, USA","usgsCitation":"Burton, J.S., 1985, STATE WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE PROGRAM: GROUND WATER RESEARCH., Proceedings of a Symposium - Groundwater Contamination and Reclamation., Tucson, AZ, USA, p. 13-17.","startPage":"13","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf89e4b0c8380cd87646","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schmidt Kenneth D.","contributorId":128449,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Schmidt Kenneth D.","id":536260,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Burton, James S.","contributorId":101382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013120,"text":"70013120 - 1985 - RAPID REMOVAL OF A GROUNDWATER CONTAMINANT PLUME.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013120","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"RAPID REMOVAL OF A GROUNDWATER CONTAMINANT PLUME.","docAbstract":"A groundwater management model is used to design an aquifer restoration system that removes a contaminant plume from a hypothetical aquifer in four years. The design model utilizes groundwater flow simulation and mathematical optimization. Optimal pumping and injection strategies achieve rapid restoration for a minimum total pumping cost. Rapid restoration is accomplished by maintaining specified groundwater velocities around the plume perimeter towards a group of pumping wells located near the plume center. The model does not account for hydrodynamic dispersion. Results show that pumping costs are particularly sensitive to injection capacity. An 8 percent decrease in the maximum allowable injection rate may lead to a 29 percent increase in total pumping costs.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of a Symposium - Groundwater Contamination and Reclamation.","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, AZ, USA","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Assoc","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD, USA","usgsCitation":"Lefkoff, L.J., and Gorelick, S.M., 1985, RAPID REMOVAL OF A GROUNDWATER CONTAMINANT PLUME., Proceedings of a Symposium - Groundwater Contamination and Reclamation., Tucson, AZ, USA, p. 125-131.","startPage":"125","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9325e4b0c8380cd80c3b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schmidt Kenneth D.","contributorId":128449,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Schmidt Kenneth D.","id":536263,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Lefkoff, L. Jeff","contributorId":50289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefkoff","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorelick, Steven M.","contributorId":69295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012780,"text":"70012780 - 1985 - Engineering-geology site appraisal of the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T16:39:22.775372","indexId":"70012780","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1128,"text":"Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Engineering-geology site appraisal of the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 7,700-km</span><sup>2</sup><span>-area Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, is underlain by crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age. Sandstone and claystone of Cretaceous age overlie Precambrian rocks in the southwestern part of the Territory. Laterite caps many hills of Cretaceous rock, some hills of Precambrian rock, and crops out near stream banks in the east and northeast. The most conspicuous structural features are a broad “J”-shaped fold traversing the eastern and central part of the Territory and a north-trending shear zone along the eastern boundary. The soils of the Territory are lateritic and belong to the SW-SP-SM (Unified Soil Classification System) groups covering Precambrian migmatites gneisses and granites and the SC group covering Cretaceous sediments and Precambrian mica-rich schists. The average penetrometer shear strength of the soil is 3.11 bars. The engineering characteristics of the rocks are (1) medium- to high-strength massive and gneissic rock, (2) low-to medium-strength bedded rock, and (3) low-strength foliated and sheared rock. An area of at least 800 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;is free from apparent geological hazards and should be suitable for construction of a capital city, its environs and supporting facilities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02594749","usgsCitation":"Ege, J., Griffitts, W.R., and Overstreet, W., 1985, Engineering-geology site appraisal of the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria: Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology, v. 31, no. 1, p. 71-79, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02594749.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222100,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nigeria","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              7.8547348958221335,\n              9.400571234038196\n            ],\n            [\n              6.725007973657853,\n              9.400571234038196\n            ],\n            [\n              6.725007973657853,\n              8.349497501044027\n            ],\n            [\n              7.8547348958221335,\n              8.349497501044027\n            ],\n            [\n              7.8547348958221335,\n              9.400571234038196\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0460e4b0c8380cd5094f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ege, J. R.","contributorId":106117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ege","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffitts, W. R.","contributorId":10428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffitts","given":"W.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overstreet, W.C.","contributorId":105294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013126,"text":"70013126 - 1985 - Conceptual model for origin of abnormally pressured gas accumulations in low-permeability reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T17:12:45.512594","indexId":"70013126","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conceptual model for origin of abnormally pressured gas accumulations in low-permeability reservoirs","docAbstract":"<p>The largest gas fields in the Rocky Mountain region occur in abnormally pressured reservoirs. These gas accumulations are different from more conventional gas accumulations in that they are commonly located in basin-center positions, they occur downdip from water-bearing rocks, and they are in overpressured or underpressured low-permeability reservoirs. We suggest that overpressured and underpressured gas accumulations of this type have a common origin.</p><p>In basins containing overpressured gas accumulations, rates of thermogenic gas accumulation exceed gas loss, causing fluid (gas) pressure to rise above the regional hydrostatic pressure. Within the overpressured gas generation zone, free water in the larger pores is forced out of the gas generation zone into overlying and updip, normally pressured, water-bearing rocks. The remaining tightly bound water, at irreducible saturation levels, cannot remove dissolution products, precluding significant permeability and porosity enhancement. Thus, while other diagenetic processes continue, a pore network with very low permeability develops. As a result, gas accumulates in these low-permeability reservoirs at rates higher than it is lost.</p><p>In basins containing underpressured gas accumulations, rates of gas generation and accumulation are less than gas loss. These basins have typically experienced significant uplift and erosion and/or temporal variations of paleotemperature. Despite these modifications, the basin-center gas accumulation persists, but because of changes in the basin dynamics, the overpressured accumulation evolves into an underpressured system.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/AD462BD7-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Law, B.E., and Dickinson, W.W., 1985, Conceptual model for origin of abnormally pressured gas accumulations in low-permeability reservoirs: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 69, no. 8, p. 1295-1304, https://doi.org/10.1306/AD462BD7-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1295","endPage":"1304","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220232,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2dee4b0c8380cd4b444","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Law, B. E.","contributorId":17586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Law","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickinson, W. W.","contributorId":97123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012971,"text":"70012971 - 1985 - Adjustment of geochemical background by robust multivariate statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-19T11:19:38.58121","indexId":"70012971","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adjustment of geochemical background by robust multivariate statistics","docAbstract":"<p>Conventional analyses of exploration geochemical data assume that the background is a constant or slowly changing value, equivalent to a plane or a smoothly curved surface. However, it is better to regard the geochemical background as a rugged surface, varying with changes in geology and environment. This rugged surface can be estimated from observed geological, geochemical and environmental properties by using multivariate statistics.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(85)90046-9","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Zhou, D., 1985, Adjustment of geochemical background by robust multivariate statistics: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 24, no. 2, p. 207-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(85)90046-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220116,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6f6e4b0c8380cd4775b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, D.","contributorId":98037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012794,"text":"70012794 - 1985 - Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-29T15:16:56.487796","indexId":"70012794","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology","docAbstract":"<p>An arrival time difference method utilizing refracted arrivals from earthquakes in a homogeneous, layered earth model has been developed for the simultaneous determination of near-source (in situ) velocity and relative locations of earthquakes. The method is particularly applicable when analyzing data from arrays in which most of the recording stations are far (i.e., several focal depths) from a group of events. This iterative scheme locates earthquakes relative to a master event and performs an inversion for in situ velocity using a generalized inverseleast squares estimation procedure. Direct arrivals, when available, may be included to stabilize the inversion and increase the accuracy of the event locations. We tested this scheme on artificial data contaminated by random and systematic arrival time errors, gaps in azimuthal coverage, and inaccuracies in the assumed velocity model. As usual, depth is the least well-resolved hypocenter coordinate, but this scheme yielded accurate locations of most events while converging to the correct velocity model.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0750020415","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Shedlock, K.M., Jones, L.M., and Ma, X., 1985, Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 75, no. 2, p. 427-439, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0750020415.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"439","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222439,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd43e4b0c8380cd4e717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shedlock, Kaye M.","contributorId":61788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"Kaye","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Lucile M. jones@usgs.gov","contributorId":1014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Lucile","email":"jones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ma, Xiufang","contributorId":105437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"Xiufang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012966,"text":"70012966 - 1985 - Mesozoic ash-flow caldera fragments in southeastern Arizona and their relation to porphyry copper deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-30T12:20:57.212464","indexId":"70012966","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mesozoic ash-flow caldera fragments in southeastern Arizona and their relation to porphyry copper deposits","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15569851\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous volcanic and associated granitic rocks in southeast Arizona are remnants of large composite silicic volcanic fields, characterized by voluminous ash-flow tuffs and associated calderas. Presence of 10–15 large caldera fragments is inferred primarily from (1) ash-flow deposits more than 1 km thick, having features of intracaldera ponding; (2) “exotic-block” breccias within a tuff matrix, interpreted as caldera-collapse megabreccias; and (3) local granitic intrusions along arcuate structural boundaries of the thick volcanic sequences. Several porphyry copper deposits are associated with late granitic intrusions within the calderas or along their margins.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<652:MACFIS>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., and Sawyer, D., 1985, Mesozoic ash-flow caldera fragments in southeastern Arizona and their relation to porphyry copper deposits: Geology, v. 13, no. 9, p. 652-656, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<652:MACFIS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"652","endPage":"656","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5452e4b0c8380cd6cf4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sawyer, D.A.","contributorId":107666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012947,"text":"70012947 - 1985 - YELLOWSTONE MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM, U. S. A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:44","indexId":"70012947","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"YELLOWSTONE MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM, U. S. A.","docAbstract":"At Yellowstone National Park, the deep permeability and fluid circulation are probably controlled and maintained by repeated brittle fracture of rocks in response to local and regional stress. Focal depths of earthquakes beneath the Yellowstone caldera suggest that the transition from brittle fracture to quasi-plastic flow takes place at about 3 to 4 km. The maximum temperature likely to be attained by the hydrothermal system is 350 to 450 degree C, the convective thermal output is about 5. 5 multiplied by 10**9 watts, and the minimum average thermal flux is about 1800 mW/m**2 throughout 2,500 km**2. The average thermal gradient between the heat source and the convecting hydrothermal system must be at least 700 to 1000 degree C/km. Crystallization and partial cooling of about 0. 082 km**3 of basalt or 0. 10 km**3 of rhyolite annually could furnish the heat discharged in the hot-spring system. The Yellowstone magmatic-hydrothermal system as a whole appears to be cooling down, in spite of a relatively large rate of inflation of the Yellowstone caldera.","conferenceTitle":"1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy, International Volume.","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, USA","isbn":"093441288X","usgsCitation":"Fournier, R., and Pitt, A., 1985, YELLOWSTONE MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM, U. S. A., 1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy, International Volume., p. 319-327.","startPage":"319","endPage":"327","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd200e4b08c986b32f620","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stone Claudia","contributorId":128295,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Stone Claudia","id":536259,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Fournier, R.O.","contributorId":73584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"R.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitt, A.D.","contributorId":41440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitt","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012797,"text":"70012797 - 1985 - Topographic mapping of the Moon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-13T11:40:12","indexId":"70012797","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1429,"text":"Earth, Moon and Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Topographic mapping of the Moon","docAbstract":"<p>Contour maps of the Moon have been compiled by photogrammetric methods that use stereoscopic combinations of all available metric photographs from the Apollo 15, 16, and 17 missions. The maps utilize the same format as the existing NASA shaded-relief Lunar Planning Charts (LOC-1, -2, -3, and -4), which have a scale of 1:2 750 000. The map contour interval is 500m. A control net derived from Apollo photographs by Doyle and others was used for the compilation. Contour lines and elevations are referred to the new topographic datum of the Moon, which is defined in terms of spherical harmonics from the lunar gravity field. Compilation of all four LOC charts was completed on analytical plotters from 566 stereo models of Apollo metric photographs that cover approximately 20% of the Moon. This is the first step toward compiling a global topographic map of the Moon at a scale of 1:5 000 000. ?? 1985 D. Reidel Publishing Company.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth, Moon and Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00054173","issn":"01679295","usgsCitation":"Wu, S., 1985, Topographic mapping of the Moon: Earth, Moon and Planets, v. 32, no. 2, p. 165-172, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054173.","startPage":"165","endPage":"172","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205239,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00054173"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb4d3e4b08c986b326582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, S.S.C.","contributorId":10421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"S.S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013366,"text":"70013366 - 1985 - INTRABAND RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF THE LANDSAT 4 THEMATIC MAPPER.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013366","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"INTRABAND RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF THE LANDSAT 4 THEMATIC MAPPER.","docAbstract":"This preliminary report examines those radiometric characteristics of the Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) that can be established without absolute calibration of spectral data. Analysis is based largely on radiometrically raw (B type) data of three daytime and two nighttime scenes; in most scenes, a set of 512 lines were examined on an individual-detector basis. Subscenes selected for uniform-radiance were used to characterize subtle radiometric differences and noise problems.","largerWorkTitle":"NASA Conference Publication","conferenceTitle":"Landsat-4 Science Characterization Early Results.","conferenceLocation":"Greenbelt, MD, USA","language":"English","publisher":"NASA Scientific & Technical Information Branch","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, USA","issn":"01917811","usgsCitation":"Kieffer, H.H., Eliason, E.M., and Chavez, P.S., 1985, INTRABAND RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF THE LANDSAT 4 THEMATIC MAPPER., <i>in</i> NASA Conference Publication, Greenbelt, MD, USA.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220305,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37d3e4b0c8380cd611cf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barker John L.","contributorId":128362,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Barker John L.","id":536268,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Kieffer, Hugh H.","contributorId":41137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieffer","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eliason, Eric M.","contributorId":21280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eliason","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chavez, Pat S. Jr.","contributorId":39870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavez","given":"Pat","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013364,"text":"70013364 - 1985 - PRESENT STATUS OF RESEARCH IN DEBRIS FLOW MODELING.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013364","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"PRESENT STATUS OF RESEARCH IN DEBRIS FLOW MODELING.","docAbstract":"A viable rheological model should consist of both a time-independent part and a time-dependent part. A generalized viscoplastic fluid model that has both parts as well as two major rheological properties (i. e. , the normal stress effect and soil yield criteria) is shown to be sufficiently accurate, yet practical, for general use in debris flow modeling. Other rheological models, such as the Bingham plastic fluid model and the so-called Coulomb-viscous model, are compared in terms of the generalized viscoplastic fluid model.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624749","usgsCitation":"Chen, C., 1985, PRESENT STATUS OF RESEARCH IN DEBRIS FLOW MODELING., Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference., Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA, p. 733-741.","startPage":"733","endPage":"741","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7375e4b0c8380cd7704d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Cheng-lung","contributorId":30752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Cheng-lung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012298,"text":"70012298 - 1985 - REGIONAL GROUND-WATER-QUALITY NETWORK DESIGN.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:10","indexId":"70012298","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"REGIONAL GROUND-WATER-QUALITY NETWORK DESIGN.","docAbstract":"This paper describes the approach used in designing a regional network to monitor the complex ground-water-quality conditions in the San Joaquin Valley, California. The actual network approximates the ideal network with the constraint of primarily using wells that are already being monitored by someone for some purpose. Further inventories of monitoring networks and installation of some specialized monitoring wells will be needed. Use of statistical network analysis techniques is also needed to make network improvements. Following these actions, the actual network will more closely approximate the ideal network in providing information on ground-water-quality trends, contaminant sources, prevention of future sources of contamination, monitoring well distributions, sampling frequencies, and constituents to be monitored.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of a Symposium - Groundwater Contamination and Reclamation.","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, AZ, USA","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Assoc","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD, USA","usgsCitation":"Templin, W.E., 1985, REGIONAL GROUND-WATER-QUALITY NETWORK DESIGN., Proceedings of a Symposium - Groundwater Contamination and Reclamation., Tucson, AZ, USA, p. 37-44.","startPage":"37","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a933de4b0c8380cd80ccd","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schmidt Kenneth D.","contributorId":128449,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Schmidt Kenneth D.","id":536248,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Templin, William E.","contributorId":8509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Templin","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009928,"text":"70009928 - 1985 - Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-20T20:50:01","indexId":"70009928","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region","docAbstract":"Global geologic mapping of Mars was originally accomplished following acquisition of orbital spacecraft images from the Mariner 9 mission. The mapping program represented a joint enterprise by the U.S. Geological Survey and other planetary scientists from universities in the United States and Europe. Many of the Mariner photographs had low resolution or poor albedo contrast caused by atmospheric haze and high-sun angles. Some of the early geologic maps reflect these deficiencies in their poor discrimination and subdivision of rock units. New geologic maps made from higher resolution and better quality Viking images also represent a cooperative effort, by geologists from the U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona State University, and the University of London. This second series of global maps consists of three parts: 1) western equatorial region, 2) eastern equatorial region, and 3) north and south polar regions. These maps, at 1:15 million scale, show more than 60 individual rock-stratigraphic units assigned to three Martian time-stratigraphic systems. The first completed map of the series covers the western equatorial region of Mars. Accompanying the map is a description of the sequence and distribution of major tectonic, volcanic, and fluvial episodes as recorded in the stratigraphic record. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Space Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Scott, D.H., 1985, Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region: Advances in Space Research, v. 5, no. 8, p. 71-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1.","startPage":"71","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267876,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1"}],"volume":"5","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2948e4b0c8380cd5a80c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, D. H.","contributorId":73565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}