{"pageNumber":"5014","pageRowStart":"125325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70012744,"text":"70012744 - 1985 - The near-source strong-motion accelerograms recorded by an experimental array in Tangshan, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-13T13:31:11","indexId":"70012744","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3071,"text":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The near-source strong-motion accelerograms recorded by an experimental array in Tangshan, China","docAbstract":"A joint research project on strong-motion earthquake studies between the People's Republic of China and the United States is in progress. As a part of this project, an experimental strong-motion array, consisting of twelve Kinemetrics PDR-1 Digital Event Recorders, was deployed in the meizoseismal area of the Ms = 7.8 Tangshan earthquake of July 28, 1976. These instruments have automatic gain ranging, a specified dynamic range of 102 dB, a 2.5 s pre-event memory, programmable triggering, and are equipped with TCG-1B Time Code Generators with a stability of 3 parts in 107 over a range of 0-50??C. In 2 y of operation beginning July, 1982 a total of 603 near-source 3-component accelerograms were gathered from 243 earthquakes of magnitude ML = 1.2-5.3. Most of these accelerograms have recorded the initial P-wave. The configuration of the experimental array and a representative set of near-source strong-motion accelerograms are presented in this paper. The set of accelerograms exhibited were obtained during the ML = 5.3 Lulong earthquake of October 19, 1982, when digital event recorders were triggered. The epicentral distances ranged from 4 to 41 km and the corresponding range of peak horizontal accelerations was 0.232g to 0.009g. A preliminary analysis of the data indicates that compared to motions in the western United States, the peak acceleration attenuates much more rapidly in the Tangshan area. The scaling of peak acceleration with magnitude, however, is similar in the two regions. Data at more distant sites are needed to confirm the more rapid attenuation. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0031-9201(85)90148-7","issn":"00319201","usgsCitation":"Peng, K., Xie, L., Li, S., Boore, D., Iwan, W., and Teng, T., 1985, The near-source strong-motion accelerograms recorded by an experimental array in Tangshan, China: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 38, no. 2-3, p. 92-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(85)90148-7.","startPage":"92","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267337,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(85)90148-7"},{"id":222496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae09e4b08c986b323ecd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, K.","contributorId":31909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xie, Lingtian","contributorId":65209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xie","given":"Lingtian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, S.","contributorId":41969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iwan, W.D.","contributorId":33848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwan","given":"W.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Teng, T.L.","contributorId":62749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teng","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70012749,"text":"70012749 - 1985 - Maximum likelihood estimation for periodic autoregressive moving average models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T09:45:58","indexId":"70012749","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3523,"text":"Technometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Maximum likelihood estimation for periodic autoregressive moving average models","docAbstract":"A useful class of models for seasonal time series that cannot be filtered or standardized to achieve second-order stationarity is that of periodic autoregressive moving average (PARMA) models, which are extensions of ARMA models that allow periodic (seasonal) parameters. An approximation to the exact likelihood for Gaussian PARMA processes is developed, and a straightforward algorithm for its maximization is presented. The algorithm is tested on several periodic ARMA(1, 1) models through simulation studies and is compared to moment estimation via the seasonal Yule-Walker equations. Applicability of the technique is demonstrated through an analysis of a seasonal stream-flow series from the Rio Caroni River in Venezuela.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00401706.1985.10488076","issn":"00401706","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., 1985, Maximum likelihood estimation for periodic autoregressive moving average models: Technometrics, v. 27, no. 4, p. 375-384, https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1985.10488076.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"384","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4abde4b0c8380cd68fd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, A. V.","contributorId":23533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012812,"text":"70012812 - 1985 - The effect of glaciers on streamflow variations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:16:24","indexId":"70012812","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of glaciers on streamflow variations","docAbstract":"

The effect of temperate glaciers on runoff variations is examined for the North Cascade Mountains of Washington State. The principal influences of glaciers on streamflow are often unexpected contributions to streamflow volume, a delay of the maximum seasonal flow, and a decrease in annual and monthly variation of runoff. The delay of maximum flow is caused by temporary englacial storage of spring meltwater and by peak meltwater production occurring in midsummer. The englacial storage, for one case, is 54% of the potential May runoff. An algorithm is presented that calculates the coefficient of variation of runoff for any arbitrary glacier cover. The results suggest that a minimum in year-to-year variation occurs for basins about 36% glacierized. On a month-to-month basis, maximum variation occurs in July and August for basins with less than 10% glacier cover but is a minimum for basins with glacier covers greater than 30%.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i004p00579","usgsCitation":"Fountain, A.G., and Tangborn, W.V., 1985, The effect of glaciers on streamflow variations: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 4, p. 579-586, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i004p00579.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"586","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab2ce4b08c986b322c89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fountain, Andrew G.","contributorId":10410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fountain","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":364591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tangborn, Wendell V.","contributorId":32152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangborn","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012742,"text":"70012742 - 1985 - Depositional Relations of Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene), Southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T16:31:10.379486","indexId":"70012742","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional Relations of Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene), Southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"

Studies of the depositional relations of the Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene) in southwestern Oregon indicate a need for reassessing the correlations and currently used terminology. The Umpqua Formation (as herein restricted) consists of as much as 10,000 ft (3,000 m) of mudstone, sandstone, and conglomerate of nonmarine to deep marine origin. A basaltic basement that underlies the sedimentary rocks in most of the area and was formerly included in the Umpqua is herein considered a separate unit and assigned to the Siletz River Volcanics. A proposal to subdivide the Umpqua into three unconformity-bounded formations (in ascending order: Roseburg, Lookingglass, and Flournoy Formations) in the area west of Roseburg, Oregon, is not recognized in this report because of quest onable correlations and limited extent of some units. Foremost of these questionable correlations is that of the Flournoy Formation with rocks formerly assigned to the Tyee Formation in areas as far north as the latitude of Salem, Oregon. My investigations of depositional facies and lithologic criteria do not substantiate this correlation.

The Tyee Formation, which conformably overlies the Umpqua, is a predominantly sandstone unit about 6,000 ft (1,800 m) thick, deposited in environments ranging from shallow marine and nonmarine deltaic on the south, to slope and deep marine basinal to the north. Deposition across the Umpqua-Tyee boundary contact represents a change in tectonic setting from active plate margin of the Umpqua to more stable marginal basin deposition of the Tyee. This change is also reflected in a change in provenance as indicated by the characteristic arkosic and micaceous aspects of Tyee sandstones.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/AD462BB9-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Molenaar, C.M., 1985, Depositional Relations of Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene), Southwestern Oregon: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 69, no. 8, p. 1217-1229, https://doi.org/10.1306/AD462BB9-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1217","endPage":"1229","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Umpqua and Tyee Formations","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.61573884056492,\n 44.09401586800607\n ],\n [\n -124.61573884056492,\n 42.38533872872969\n ],\n [\n -121.9551006063869,\n 42.38533872872969\n ],\n [\n -121.9551006063869,\n 44.09401586800607\n ],\n [\n -124.61573884056492,\n 44.09401586800607\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd40e4b0c8380cd4e705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molenaar, C. M.","contributorId":77904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molenaar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012813,"text":"70012813 - 1985 - Geochemistry: Uses for synthetic fluid inclusions in quartz crystals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:43","indexId":"70012813","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry: Uses for synthetic fluid inclusions in quartz crystals","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/315544b0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Roedder, E., 1985, Geochemistry: Uses for synthetic fluid inclusions in quartz crystals: Nature, v. 315, no. 6020, p. 544-545, https://doi.org/10.1038/315544b0.","startPage":"544","endPage":"545","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205284,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/315544b0"},{"id":222680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"315","issue":"6020","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a172ee4b0c8380cd553f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roedder, E.","contributorId":100986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roedder","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012751,"text":"70012751 - 1985 - Role of small oil and gas fields in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T16:38:25.404388","indexId":"70012751","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of small oil and gas fields in the United States","docAbstract":"

With the maturation of oil and gas production operations in a province or country, fields found by new-field wildcats diminish in size. The actual economic size cutoff is a function of such factors as depth, water depth offshore, and accessibility to transportation infrastructure. Because of the constraint of resource availability, price is now the principal force driving drilling activity. The proportion of new-field wildcats to other exploratory wells has fallen in recent years, but success in new-field wildcats has risen to about 20%. However, only very small fields, less than 1 million BOE, are being found in large numbers. The 200 largest companies, based on lease revenues, drill 30% of all wells and 44% of the footage, and they make 83% of drilling expenditures. The 20 largest companies alone find 60% of the large fields and 20% of the small ones. Through 1979, almost 93% of known gas fields and 94.5% of known oil fields were small, yet they contain only 14.5% of the ultimately recoverable gas and 12.5% of the oil. However, small fields are less capital intensive than equivalent-capacity synthetic-fuel plants, they are extremely numerous, and they are relatively easy and inexpensive to find and put on production.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/9488557A-1704-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Meyer, R.F., and Fleming, M.L., 1985, Role of small oil and gas fields in the United States: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 69, no. 11, p. 1950-1962, https://doi.org/10.1306/9488557A-1704-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1950","endPage":"1962","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222611,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ],\n [\n -129.9462890625,\n 55.36662484928637\n ],\n [\n -130.1220703125,\n 56.145549500679074\n ],\n [\n 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[\n -80.6396484375,\n 24.56710835257599\n ],\n [\n -79.78271484375,\n 25.34402602913433\n ],\n [\n -79.60693359375,\n 27.27416111737468\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -80.66162109375,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -73.58642578125,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -71.3671875,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -69.63134765625,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -70.0048828125,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -70.3564453125,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -67.2802734375,\n 44.37098696297173\n ],\n [\n -67.0166015625,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9369e4b0c8380cd80dcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, Richard F.","contributorId":67963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleming, Mary L.","contributorId":85837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012731,"text":"70012731 - 1985 - Precambrian tholeiitic-dacitic rock-suites and Cambrian ultramafic rocks in the Pennine nappe system of the Alps: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotopes and rare earth elements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:02","indexId":"70012731","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precambrian tholeiitic-dacitic rock-suites and Cambrian ultramafic rocks in the Pennine nappe system of the Alps: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotopes and rare earth elements","docAbstract":"Major element, trace element and Sm-Nd isotope analyses were made of polymetamorphic hornblendefelses, plagioclase amphibolites and banded amphibolites from the Berisal complex in the Simplon area (Italy, Switzerland) to determine their age, origin and genetic relationships. In light of major and rare earth element data, the hornblendefelses are inferred to have originally been pyroxene-rich cumulates, the plagioclase amphibolites and the dark layers of the banded amphibolites to have been tholeiitic basalts and the light layers dacites. The Sm-Nd isotope data yield isochron ages of 475??81 Ma for the hornblendefelses, 1,018??59 Ma for the plagioclase amphibolites and 1,071??43 Ma for the banded amphibolites. The 1 Ga magmatic event is the oldest one ever found in the crystalline basement of the Pennine nappes. The Sm -Nd isotope data support the consanguinity of the tholeiitic dark layers and the dacitic light layers of the banded amphibolites with the tholeiitic plagioclase amphibolites and the ultramafic hornblendefelses. The initial e{open}Nd values indicate that all three rock types originated from sources depleted in light rare earth elements. We suggest that plagioclase and banded amphibolites were a Proterozoic tholeiite-dacite sequence that was strongly deformed and flattened during subsequent folding. The hornblendefelses are thought to be Cambrian intrusions of pyroxene-rich material. ?? 1985 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00379452","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Stille, P., and Tatsumoto, M., 1985, Precambrian tholeiitic-dacitic rock-suites and Cambrian ultramafic rocks in the Pennine nappe system of the Alps: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotopes and rare earth elements: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 89, no. 2-3, p. 184-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00379452.","startPage":"184","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205225,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379452"},{"id":222321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8108e4b0c8380cd7b324","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stille, P.","contributorId":70113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stille","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tatsumoto, M.","contributorId":76798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatsumoto","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012763,"text":"70012763 - 1985 - Ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-20T23:12:16.911715","indexId":"70012763","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina","docAbstract":"

The characteristics of the Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina are being studied as a part of the Regional Aquifer System Analysis program of the United States Geological Survey. Potentiometric maps were constructed for the Middendorf aquifer of Cretaceous age and for the Floridan aquifer system and its sand facies equivalent, Tertiary sand aquifer, prior to development. Also constructed was a potentiometric decline map for the period prior to development to November 1982 for the Middendorf aquifer. These maps are used to describe the ground-water flow system.

The Coastal Plain aquifers are recharged primarily by precipitation in their outcrop areas. Ground water flows from these areas of recharge, through the aquifers, and discharges to upper Coastal Plain rivers, overlying aquifers as upward leakage, and wells.

Ground-water flow in the Floridan aquifer system and the Tertiary sand aquifer prior to development is generally perpendicular to the coast. Predevelopment flow in the Cretaceous aquifers, however, turns northeastward as it approaches the coast, almost paralleling the coast. The change in flow direction is caused by less effective intervening confining units, the aquifers being closer to the land surface, and the rivers at lower altitudes farther upstream in the vicinity of the North Carolina/South Carolina State line.

Water-level declines in the Cretaceous aquifers have occurred throughout much of the eastern part of the Coastal Plain of South Carolina due to pumpage in the Myrtle Beach and Florence areas. Large areally extensive water-level declines have also occurred in the Floridan aquifer system in South Carolina due to pumpage in the Savannah, Georgia area.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1985.tb01952.x","usgsCitation":"Aucott, W.R., and Speiran, G., 1985, Ground-water flow in the Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina: Groundwater, v. 23, no. 6, p. 736-745, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1985.tb01952.x.","productDescription":"10 -.","startPage":"736","endPage":"745","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222744,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","volume":"23","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2c11e4b0c8380cd5bbe3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aucott, W. R.","contributorId":64288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aucott","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Speiran, G. K.","contributorId":83534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speiran","given":"G. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012735,"text":"70012735 - 1985 - A new look at deep-sea video","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-25T15:48:41.459674","indexId":"70012735","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1369,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new look at deep-sea video","docAbstract":"

A deep-towed photographic system with completely self-contained recording instrumentation and power can obtain color-video and still-photographic transects along rough terrane without need for a long electrically conducting cable. Both the video- and still-camera systems utilize relatively inexpensive and proven off-the-shelf hardware adapted for deep-water environments. The small instrument frame makes the towed sled an ideal photographic tool for use on ship or small-boat operations.

The system includes a temperature probe and altimeter that relay data acoustically from the sled to the surface ship. This relay enables the operator to monitor simultaneously water temperature and the precise height off the bottom.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0198-0149(85)90057-3","usgsCitation":"Chezar, H., and Lee, J., 1985, A new look at deep-sea video: Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 32, no. 11, p. 1429-1436, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(85)90057-3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1429","endPage":"1436","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4a4e4b0c8380cd467cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chezar, H.","contributorId":52321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chezar","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, J.","contributorId":58596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013903,"text":"70013903 - 1985 - Instability model for recurring large and great earthquakes in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:33","indexId":"70013903","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Instability model for recurring large and great earthquakes in southern California","docAbstract":"The locked section of the San Andreas fault in southern California has experienced a number of large and great earthquakes in the past, and thus is expected to have more in the future. To estimate the location, time, and slip of the next few earthquakes, an earthquake instability model is formulated. The model is similar to one recently developed for moderate earthquakes on the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California. In both models, unstable faulting (the earthquake analog) is caused by failure of all or part of a patch of brittle, strain-softening fault zone. In the present model the patch extends downward from the ground surface to about 12 km depth, and extends 500 km along strike from Parkfield to the Salton Sea. The variation of patch strength along strike is adjusted by trial until the computed sequence of instabilities matches the sequence of large and great earthquakes since a.d. 1080 reported by Sieh and others. The last earthquake was the M=8.3 Ft. Tejon event in 1857. The resulting strength variation has five contiguous sections of alternately low and high strength. From north to south, the approximate locations of the sections are: (1) Parkfield to Bitterwater Valley, (2) Bitterwater Valley to Lake Hughes, (3) Lake Hughes to San Bernardino, (4) San Bernardino to Palm Springs, and (5) Palm Springs to the Salton Sea. Sections 1, 3, and 5 have strengths between 53 and 88 bars; sections 2 and 4 have strengths between 164 and 193 bars. Patch section ends and unstable rupture ends usually coincide, although one or more adjacent patch sections may fail unstably at once. The model predicts that the next sections of the fault to slip unstably will be 1, 3, and 5; the order and dates depend on the assumed length of an earthquake rupture in about 1700. ?? 1985 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00876385","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Stuart, W., 1985, Instability model for recurring large and great earthquakes in southern California: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 122, no. 6, p. 793-811, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00876385.","startPage":"793","endPage":"811","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205677,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876385"}],"volume":"122","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c23e4b0c8380cd62ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuart, W.D.","contributorId":65865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuart","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70180834,"text":"70180834 - 1985 - Development of an effective transport media for juvenile spring Chinook salmon to mitigate stress and improve smolt survival during Columbia River fish hauling operations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T14:20:25","indexId":"70180834","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Development of an effective transport media for juvenile spring Chinook salmon to mitigate stress and improve smolt survival during Columbia River fish hauling operations","docAbstract":"

No abstract available 

","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Wedemeyer, G., Palmisano, A., and Salsbury, L., 1985, Development of an effective transport media for juvenile spring Chinook salmon to mitigate stress and improve smolt survival during Columbia River fish hauling operations.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4d6e4b0fa1e59bc1edc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedemeyer, Gary","contributorId":94244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedemeyer","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmisano, A.","contributorId":54368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmisano","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salsbury, L.","contributorId":179085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salsbury","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180832,"text":"70180832 - 1985 - Bioenergetics of juvenile salmon during the spring outmigration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T14:17:18","indexId":"70180832","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Bioenergetics of juvenile salmon during the spring outmigration","docAbstract":"

No abstract available 

","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Rondorf, D., Dutchuk, M., Kolok, A., and Gross, M., 1985, Bioenergetics of juvenile salmon during the spring outmigration.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4d6e4b0fa1e59bc1ede","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":662543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dutchuk, M.S.","contributorId":179083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dutchuk","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolok, A.S.","contributorId":179084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolok","given":"A.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gross, M.L.","contributorId":96628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70013365,"text":"70013365 - 1985 - 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data bearing on the metamorphic and tectonic history of western New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-28T13:24:02.293607","indexId":"70013365","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data bearing on the metamorphic and tectonic history of western New England","docAbstract":"

40Ar/39Ar ages of coexisting biotite and hornblende from Proterozoic Y gneisses of the Berkshire and Green Mountain massifs, as well as 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar mineral and whole-rock ages from Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, suggest that the thermal peak for the dominant metamorphic recrystallization in western New England occurred 465 ± 5 m.y. ago (Taconian). Although textural data indicate a complex metamorphic-tectonic history for Paleozoic rocks, no evidence in rocks at least as high as kyanite grade dictates an Acadian age for the Barrovian metamorphism. Available 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data suggest that the low-grade metamorphism and cleavage formation in Taconic allochthons and the higher-grade metamorphism and emplacement of the Berkshire massif allochthon are Taconian.

40Ar/39Ar age data from a poorly defined terrane beginning near the east margin of the Green Mountain massif and extending along the eastern one-third of the Berkshire massif as far south as Otis, Massachusetts, suggest that the area has been retrograded during a metamorphism that peaked at least 376 ± 5 m.y. ago (Acadian).

Available age and petrologic data from western New England indicate the presence of at least three separate metamorphic-structural domains of Taconian age: (1) a small area of relict high-pressure and low-temperature metamorphism in northern Vermont (T-1 domain), (2) a broad area in Vermont and eastern New York of normal Barrovian metamorphism from chlorite to garnet grade and characterized by a gentle metamorphic gradient (T-2 domain), and (3) a rather narrow belt of steep-gradient, Barrovian series metamorphic rocks extending from near the Cortlandt Complex northeastward through Dutchess County, New York, to the Berkshire massif in western Massachusetts (T-3 domain). Areas of maximum metamorphic intensity within the T-3 domain coincide with areas of maximum crustal thickening resulting from imbricate thrusting (Berkshire massif) or from recumbent folding (Manhattan Prong) of remobilized North American continental crust in the later stages of the Taconic orogeny.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<123:AAKDBO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sutter, J.F., Ratcliffe, N.M., and Mukasa, S., 1985, 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar data bearing on the metamorphic and tectonic history of western New England: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 96, no. 1, p. 123-136, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<123:AAKDBO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.71683860031261,\n 43.14936147487742\n ],\n [\n -73.71683860031261,\n 41.42652808796893\n ],\n [\n -72.88187766281217,\n 41.42652808796893\n ],\n [\n -72.88187766281217,\n 43.14936147487742\n ],\n [\n -73.71683860031261,\n 43.14936147487742\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e264e4b0c8380cd45b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutter, J. F.","contributorId":59779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratcliffe, N. M.","contributorId":80691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"N.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mukasa, S.B.","contributorId":89568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mukasa","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28827,"text":"wri844190 - 1985 - Geohydrology of the aquifer in the Santa Fe Group, northern West Mesa of the Mesilla Basin near Las Cruces, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T20:08:00.059709","indexId":"wri844190","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4190","title":"Geohydrology of the aquifer in the Santa Fe Group, northern West Mesa of the Mesilla Basin near Las Cruces, New Mexico","docAbstract":"

Because of the heterogeneity of the Santa Fe Group, New Mexico, the hydrologic characteristics of the aquifer vary substantially from place to place. Hydraulic conductivities of 12 and 30 feet per day were estimated from aquifer tests for two wells in the eastern one-half of the study area. Well yields in the western one-half of the study area generally are less than 5 gallons per minute. Some of the well yields in the eastern one-half of the study area are greater than 1,000 gallons per minute. Ground water flows southeastward across the western one-half of the study area at a gradient of about 50 feet per mile. Across the eastern one-half of the study area, ground water flows southeastward at a gradient of less than 5 feet per mile. Dissolved-solids concentrations in groundwater range from 906 to 1,470 milligrams per liter in the western one-half of the study area and from 378 to 556 milligrams per liter in the eastern one-half. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844190","usgsCitation":"Myers, R.G., and Orr, B.R., 1985, Geohydrology of the aquifer in the Santa Fe Group, northern West Mesa of the Mesilla Basin near Las Cruces, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4190, v, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844190.","productDescription":"v, 37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414655,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36053.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":57687,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4190/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123396,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4190/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Las Cruces","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.83843928636912,\n 32.292037090742866\n ],\n [\n -107.03898267215521,\n 32.292037090742866\n ],\n [\n -107.03898267215521,\n 32.093231573912306\n ],\n [\n -106.83843928636912,\n 32.093231573912306\n ],\n [\n -106.83843928636912,\n 32.292037090742866\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a888c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, R. G.","contributorId":30642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orr, B. R.","contributorId":46545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":41879,"text":"ofr84726 - 1985 - Map of Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California, showing ground-water subunits and areas, location of wells, and lines of equal depth to water for spring 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-01T20:49:26.854725","indexId":"ofr84726","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-726","title":"Map of Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California, showing ground-water subunits and areas, location of wells, and lines of equal depth to water for spring 1983","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84726","usgsCitation":"Moyle, W.R., and Glenn, F.M., 1985, Map of Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area, California, showing ground-water subunits and areas, location of wells, and lines of equal depth to water for spring 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-726, 1 Plate: 37.76 x 39.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84726.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 37.76 x 39.24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420424,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13541.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":79608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0726/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136899,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.854,\n 35.361\n ],\n [\n -118.854,\n 34.382\n ],\n [\n -117.628,\n 34.382\n ],\n [\n -117.628,\n 35.361\n ],\n [\n -118.854,\n 35.361\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db6555da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyle, W. R. Jr.","contributorId":85938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyle","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glenn, Florence M.","contributorId":35293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Florence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012717,"text":"70012717 - 1985 - Paleoclimate controls on late paleozoic sedimentation and peat formation in the central appalachian basin (U.S.A.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-24T01:22:31.937542","indexId":"70012717","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoclimate controls on late paleozoic sedimentation and peat formation in the central appalachian basin (U.S.A.)","docAbstract":"

In the central Appalachian basin, at least two major climate changes affected sedimentation during the late Paleozoic. Stratigraphically, these two changes are indicated by the distribution of coal beds, the variation in coal quality, and the variation in rock lithologies. In latest Mississippian or earliest Pennsylvanian time, the climate changed from dry-seasonal tropical to ever-wet (equable) tropical. The equable climate prevailed into the Middle Pennsylvanian, influencing the morphology and geochemistry in peat-forming environments. Many of the peat deposits, which formed under the equable climate, were probably domed (raised bogs); low concentrations of dissolved solids in peat formation water resulted in low buffering capacity. Organic acids caused acidic (pH < 4), antiseptic conditions that resulted in intense leaching of mineral matter, minimal degradation of organic matter, and low-ash and low-sulfur peat deposits; the resulting coal beds are also low in ash and sulfur. Associated rocks are noncalcareous and consist of sequences of interbedded shale, siltstone, and sandstone including quartz arenite.

Another climate change occurred in late Middle Pennsylvanian time when evapopation periodically exceeded rainfall resulting in an increase of both dissolved solids and pH (4 to ∼ 7) in surface and near-surface water. Throughout the remainder of the Pennsylvanian, the surfaces of peat deposits were probably planar (not domed); water in peat-forming and other depositional environments became more nearly neutral. The coal beds derived from these peats are highly variable in both ash and sulfur contents. Drier or more seasonal climates are also indicated by sequences of (1) calcareous sandstone and shale, (2) nonmarine limestone that shows shallow-water and subaerial exposure features, and (3) calcareous paleosols that have caliche characteristics.

Our data and observations indicate that physical depositional environment models for the origin of coal do not adequately explain variations in mineral matter content and composition in commercial quality coal beds in the central Appalachian basin. Stratigraphic variation in mineral matter in coal beds, and in syngenetic and early diagenetic minerals in rocks associated with the coal beds, appears to be better explained by changes in geochemical conditions of nonmarine sedimentation. Paleoclimate was a principle control on these geochemical conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(85)90014-X","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Cecil, C.B., Stanton, R., Neuzil, S., Dulong, F., Ruppert, L., and Pierce, B., 1985, Paleoclimate controls on late paleozoic sedimentation and peat formation in the central appalachian basin (U.S.A.): International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 5, no. 1-2, p. 195-230, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(85)90014-X.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"230","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222097,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73c4e4b0c8380cd77222","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cecil, C. B. 0000-0002-9032-1689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-1689","contributorId":62204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanton, R.W.","contributorId":19164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neuzil, S.G.","contributorId":73339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuzil","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dulong, F.T.","contributorId":81490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dulong","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruppert, L.F. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":59043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"L.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pierce, B.S.","contributorId":13639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70135809,"text":"70135809 - 1985 - Burial diagenesis: Out of sight, out of mind!","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-29T13:20:42.365233","indexId":"70135809","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3842,"text":"SEPM Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Burial diagenesis: Out of sight, out of mind!","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Carbonate cements: Based on a symposium sponsored by the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1029/SC004p0135","usgsCitation":"Scholle, P.A., and Halley, R., 1985, Burial diagenesis: Out of sight, out of mind!: SEPM Special Publication, v. 36, p. 309-334, https://doi.org/10.1029/SC004p0135.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"334","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297234,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b4ae4b08de9379b32f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scholle, Peter A.","contributorId":48954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholle","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halley, Robert B.","contributorId":45692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":96340,"text":"96340 - 1985 - Prescribed fire smoke management guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:54","indexId":"96340","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Prescribed fire smoke management guide","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"National Wildfire Coordinating Group","usgsCitation":"Ferry, G., Albeita, F., Bancroft, L., McCleese, W., Miller, H., Mutch, R., Ryan, H., van Wagtendonk, J., Wilson, R., and Zontek, F., 1985, Prescribed fire smoke management guide, 24 p.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"24","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11987,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nwcg.gov/pms/pms.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669121","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferry, G.","contributorId":94240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferry","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albeita, F.","contributorId":91434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albeita","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bancroft, L.","contributorId":49728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bancroft","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCleese, W.L.","contributorId":101589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleese","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, H.N.","contributorId":33653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"H.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mutch, R.","contributorId":86714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mutch","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ryan, H.","contributorId":94241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"van Wagtendonk, J. W.","contributorId":85111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, R.","contributorId":65407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Zontek, F.","contributorId":73137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zontek","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70013400,"text":"70013400 - 1985 - RECOVERY OF MONTEREY BAY BEACHES AFTER THE WINTER STORMS OF 1982-83.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:36","indexId":"70013400","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"RECOVERY OF MONTEREY BAY BEACHES AFTER THE WINTER STORMS OF 1982-83.","docAbstract":"The El Nino conditions of 1982 and 1983 produced unusually frequent and intense storms along the central California coast. These storms produced much greater than normal beach erosion in Monterey Bay, causing extensive damage to coastal structures, erosion of coastal cliffs, and loss of sand from coastal dunes. The beaches accreted during the summer of 1983 and eroded again the next winter. Every beach, however, showed its own pattern of rebuilding; the eigenfunction analysis showed that the beaches did not all reach either their maximum or minimum volumes at the same time.","largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Zone '85, Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management.","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624730","usgsCitation":"Dingler, J.R., Anima, R.J., and Clifton, H.E., 1985, RECOVERY OF MONTEREY BAY BEACHES AFTER THE WINTER STORMS OF 1982-83., in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management, v. 2, Baltimore, MD, USA, p. 1295-1313.","startPage":"1295","endPage":"1313","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9336e4b0c8380cd80c9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dingler, John R.","contributorId":55795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anima, Roberto J.","contributorId":32499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anima","given":"Roberto","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clifton, H. Edward","contributorId":46503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013384,"text":"70013384 - 1985 - AQUATIC PHOTOLYSIS OF OXY-ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ADSORBED ON GOETHITE.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:17","indexId":"70013384","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"AQUATIC PHOTOLYSIS OF OXY-ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ADSORBED ON GOETHITE.","docAbstract":"Organic materials that will not absorb light at wavelengths longer than 295 nanometers (the solar wavelength cutoff) may nevertheless, undergo electron transfer reactions initiated by light. These reactions occur when the organic materials are adsorbed as ligand complexes to the surface of iron oxy-hydroxide (goethite). The adsorbed materials can be either inner or outer coordination sphere complexes. Goethite was chosen as the iron oxyhydroxide surface because it has the highest thermodynamic stability of any of the oxyhydroxides in water and it can be synthesized easily, with high purity.","largerWorkTitle":"National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry","conferenceTitle":"189th National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Volume 25 Number 1.","conferenceLocation":"Miami, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, USA","issn":"02703009","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, M.C., 1985, AQUATIC PHOTOLYSIS OF OXY-ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ADSORBED ON GOETHITE., in National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, v. 25, no. 1, Miami, FL, USA, p. 317-320.","startPage":"317","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e633e4b0c8380cd4723d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldberg, Marvin C.","contributorId":26066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013331,"text":"70013331 - 1985 - Impulsive radon emanation on a creeping segment of the San Andreas fault, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:17","indexId":"70013331","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impulsive radon emanation on a creeping segment of the San Andreas fault, California","docAbstract":"Radon emanation was continuously monitored for several months at two locations along a creeping segment of the San Andreas fault in central California. The recorded emanations showed several impulsive increases that lasted as much as five hours with amplitudes considerably larger than meteorologically induced diurnal variations. Some of the radon increases were accompanied or followed by earthquakes or fault-creep events. They were possibly the result of some sudden outbursts of relatively radon-rich ground gas, sometimes triggered by crustal deformation or vibration. ?? 1985 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00874603","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"King, C., 1985, Impulsive radon emanation on a creeping segment of the San Andreas fault, California: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 122, no. 2-4, p. 340-352, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874603.","startPage":"340","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204970,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874603"},{"id":219794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3983e4b0c8380cd61953","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, C.-Y.","contributorId":81225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"C.-Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013359,"text":"70013359 - 1985 - Hydrologic changes associated with the October 28, 1983, Idaho earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013359","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic changes associated with the October 28, 1983, Idaho earthquake","docAbstract":"Significant hydrologic changes were observed after the magnitude 7.3 earthquake that occurred on October 28, 1983, in central Idaho. Groundwater levels rose by as much as 3 meters near the epicenter. Discharge in many streams and springs increased, in some instances by more than 100%. One warm spring ceased flowing for several days; the flow then resumed and peaked at about nine times its original rate. Available data show no significant changes in water quality following the earthquake. ?? 1985 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00874599","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Whitehead, R., Harper, R., and Sisco, H., 1985, Hydrologic changes associated with the October 28, 1983, Idaho earthquake: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 122, no. 2-4, p. 280-293, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874599.","startPage":"280","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205022,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874599"},{"id":220249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3577e4b0c8380cd5ff40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehead, R.L.","contributorId":34891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harper, R.W.","contributorId":36104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sisco, H.G.","contributorId":54185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisco","given":"H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013336,"text":"70013336 - 1985 - U. S. G. S. MODULAR GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL: DESIGNED TO BE UNDERSTOOD AND ADAPTED.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:39","indexId":"70013336","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"U. S. G. S. MODULAR GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL: DESIGNED TO BE UNDERSTOOD AND ADAPTED.","docAbstract":"The paper discusses a carefully designed model program and its complementary complete description of all of the physical and mathematical concepts used in the model. The model program consists of a series of independent subroutines called modules. Modules are grouped by hydrologic function into 'packages. ' A report describing the model was written in three levels. At one level the hydrologic concepts on which the model is based are explained. The second level describes how the concepts were incorporated into the program. The third level describes specific modules in sufficient depth to permit modifications to the model.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624749","usgsCitation":"McDonald, M.G., and Harbaugh, A.W., 1985, U. S. G. S. MODULAR GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL: DESIGNED TO BE UNDERSTOOD AND ADAPTED., Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference., Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA, p. 1225-1230.","startPage":"1225","endPage":"1230","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9e5e4b08c986b327eb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, Michael G.","contributorId":47352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harbaugh, Arlen W. harbaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"Arlen","email":"harbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":365837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013337,"text":"70013337 - 1985 - INDUCED SEISMICITY MECHANISM AT THE GEYSERS, CALIFORNIA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:39","indexId":"70013337","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"INDUCED SEISMICITY MECHANISM AT THE GEYSERS, CALIFORNIA.","docAbstract":"Induced microearthquake activity at The Geysers geothermal reservoir is observed in the vicinity of eight geothermal steam power units. The earthquakes do not align with mapped faults but occur adjacent to steam wells. The sense of motion as deduced from focal mechanisms is strike-slip to reverse in the upper 1 km of the reservoir and changes to strike-slip to oblique normal slip at greater depth because of the increased lithostatic load. Below 1 km the reservoir is undergoing horizontal extension. Alignment of P and T axes with the regional stress field suggests that contraction of the reservoir contributes the incremental stress perturbation to the regional stress field and causes microearthquakes.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy. Geothermal Resources Council 1985 Annual Meeting.","conferenceLocation":"Kailua-Kona, HI, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, USA","issn":"01935933","isbn":"093441260X","usgsCitation":"Oppenheimer, D., 1985, INDUCED SEISMICITY MECHANISM AT THE GEYSERS, CALIFORNIA., in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 9, no. pt 2, Kailua-Kona, HI, USA, p. 41-44.","startPage":"41","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"pt 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37cfe4b0c8380cd611a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oppenheimer, David","contributorId":58323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":95202,"text":"95202 - 1985 - Breeding guidelines for abating inadvertent genetic change in trout hatchery brood stocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:51","indexId":"95202","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Breeding guidelines for abating inadvertent genetic change in trout hatchery brood stocks","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Salmonid Reproduction: An International Symposium: Review Papers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Bellevue, WA","collaboration":"514/FH","usgsCitation":"Phelps, S., Schill, W.B., and Simon, R., 1985, Breeding guidelines for abating inadvertent genetic change in trout hatchery brood stocks, in Salmonid Reproduction: An International Symposium: Review Papers.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb4e0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Iwamoto, R.N.","contributorId":112881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwamoto","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505372,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sower, S.","contributorId":112882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sower","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505373,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Phelps, S.R.","contributorId":39714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schill, W. B.","contributorId":60146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simon, R.C.","contributorId":34454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}