Desert amphibians are limited to exploiting ephemeral resources and aestivating or to inhabiting scarce refuges of permanent water, such as springs. Understanding how amphibians use these resources is essential for their conservation. Dixie Valley Toads (Anaxyrus williamsi) are precinctive to a small system of cold and hot springs in the Dixie Valley, Nevada, USA. The toads have been petitioned for listing under the US Endangered Species Act, and information about how they use terrestrial and aquatic resources will help managers to conserve the toads and identify threats like geothermal energy development that might affect these toads. We used radiotelemetry to study the seasonal home ranges, movements, and habitat associations of Dixie Valley Toads in autumn 2018 and spring 2019. We found that toads were very closely associated with water in both seasons, with most observations occurring in water, especially for males in spring and all toads in the autumn. Even when found in terrestrial habitat, toads were a median distance of 4.2 m (95% credible interval = 3.3–5.3) from water; 95% of the time in spring and autumn, toads were within 14 m of water. Dixie Valley Toad habitat selection indicated a similar pattern, with selection in both spring and autumn for locations closer to water and for warmer water and substrates than at nearby available locations. In autumn, toads also avoided bare ground and terrestrial graminoids. Dixie Valley Toads selected brumation sites in, over (within dense vegetation), or near water, often near springs where water depths and temperatures are likely stable through the winter. The reliance of Dixie Valley Toads on water in spring, autumn, and during brumation suggests that alteration to historical flows and water temperatures are likely to affect the toads. Changes to the hydrothermal environment when toads are brumating could be particularly detrimental, potentially killing inactive toads.
The Cascades back-arc in northern California is dominated by monogenetic tholeiitic basalts that erupted throughout the Pleistocene. Elucidating their eruptive history and processes is important for understanding potential future eruptions here. We focus on the well-exposed monogenetic volcano that emplaced the Brushy Butte flow field, which constructed a ∼150 m tall edifice, has flow lobes up to >10 km long, and in total covers ∼150 km2 with an eruptive volume of 3.5 km3. We use a multidisciplinary approach of field mapping, petrography, geochemistry, paleomagnetism, geochronology, and lidar imagery to unravel the eruptive history and processes that emplaced this flow field. Tholeiitic basalts in northern California have diverse surface morphology and vegetation cover but similar petrographic appearances, which makes them hard to distinguish in the field. Geochemistry and paleomagnetism offer an independent means of distinguishing tholeiitic basalts. Brushy Butte flow field lavas are similar in major-oxide and trace-element abundances but differ from adjacent tholeiitic basalts. This is also apparent in remanent magnetic directions. Additionally, paleomagnetism indicates that the flow field was emplaced during a geologically brief time interval (10–20 years), which 36Cl cosmogenic dating puts at 35.7 ± 1.7 ka. Lidar imagery shows that these flows erupted from at least 28 vents encompassing multiple scoria cones, spatter cones, and craters. Flows can be grouped into four pulses using stratigraphic position and volume. Pulse 1 is the most voluminous, comprising eight eruptions and ∼2.3 km3. Each subsequent pulse started rapidly but decayed quickly, and each successive pulse erupted less lava (i.e., 2.3 km3 for pulse 1, 0.6 km3 for pulse 2, 0.3 km3 for pulse 3, and 0.2 km3 for pulse 4). Many of these flows host well-established lava channels and levees (with channel breakouts) that lead to lava fans, with some flows hosting lava ponds. Similar flow features from tholeiitic eruptions elsewhere demonstrate that these morphologies generally occur over weeks, months, or longer (e.g., Puʻu ʻŌʻō eruption at K–llauea, Hawaiʻi). This multidisciplinary study shows the range of eruptive styles and durations of a Cascades back-arc eruption and illustrates how potential future tholeiitic eruptive activity in the western United States might progress.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/feart.2021.639459","usgsCitation":"Downs, D.T., Champion, D.E., Clynne, M.A., and Muffler, L.P., 2021, A multidisciplinary investigation into the eruptive style, processes, and duration of a Cascades back-arc tholeiitic basalt: A case study of the Brushy Butte flow field, northern California, United States: Frontiers in Earth Science, v. 9, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.639459.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122177","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.639459","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384534,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 38.496593518947584\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 38.496593518947584\n ],\n [\n -120.03662109374999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 38.496593518947584\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Downs, Drew T. 0000-0002-9056-1404 ddowns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-1404","contributorId":173516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downs","given":"Drew","email":"ddowns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Champion, Duane E. 0000-0001-7854-9034 dchamp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-9034","contributorId":2912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"Duane","email":"dchamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muffler, L.J. Patrick 0000-0001-6638-7218 pmuffler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6638-7218","contributorId":3322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.","email":"pmuffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70223703,"text":"70223703 - 2021 - The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground motion models in the central and eastern US","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-02T12:58:27.982991","indexId":"70223703","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-19T07:56:09","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground motion models in the central and eastern US","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) is the scientific foundation of seismic design regulations in the United States and is regularly updated to consider the best available science and data. The 2018 update of the conterminous US NSHM includes major changes to the underlying ground motion models (GMMs). Most of the changes are motivated by the new multi-period response spectra requirements of seismic design regulations that use hazard results for 22 spectral periods and 8 site classes. In the central and eastern United States (CEUS), the 2018 NSHM incorporates 31 new GMMs for hard-rock site conditions
The University of Kentucky (U KY) has owned Robinson Forest (37.460723° N, 83.158598° W) since 1923, conducting experiments crucial to understanding the environmental effects of land management in the region. Part of the management of Robinson Forest has been collection of environmental data, including precipitation quantity, bulk‐deposition chemistry, streamflow, stream‐water chemistry, and air and stream temperature. Over the years, these data have been collected and archived using various technologies and have been mostly inaccessible for research use – unedited and uncompiled, scattered across several spreadsheets and paper records. Through a partnership between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U KY, daily precipitation data for six stations and stream data from four watersheds in Robinson Forest have been compiled for 1971–2018, checked for transcription errors, and annotated for changes in methodologies. These data are available as a USGS data release at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FPLG1O. Improved accessibility of this data set provides an important research resource for understanding water quality in minimally effected forests in the region. Preliminary results indicate that these data present a valuable opportunity to evaluate linkages among atmospheric deposition and stream chemistry, the effects of environmental policy, such as the Clean Air Act, and effects from nearby land disturbance in the form of surface mining. Furthermore, these data fill a geographic and physiographic gap in what is available to examine deposition and streamflow patterns over the last 45 years, supplementing those long‐term records of research sites in northern (e.g., Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest), central (e.g., Fernow Experimental Forest) and southern Appalachia (e.g., Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory). As an oasis in the midst of significant surface mining activity, Robinson Forest presents a unique opportunity to understand environmental conditions characteristic of minimally disturbed forests similar to pre‐mining conditions in the Central Appalachian region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.14133","usgsCitation":"Sena, K., Barton, C.D., and Williamson, T.N., 2021, The Robinson Forest environmental monitoring network: Long‐term evaluation of streamflow and precipitation quantity and stream‐water and bulk deposition chemistry in eastern Kentucky watersheds: Hydrological Processes, v. 35, no. 4, e14133, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14133.","productDescription":"e14133, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122607","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"southeast Kentucky","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 36.756490329505176\n ],\n [\n -81.36474609375,\n 36.756490329505176\n ],\n [\n -81.36474609375,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 37.82280243352756\n ],\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 36.756490329505176\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sena, Kenton 0000-0003-1822-9375","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1822-9375","contributorId":258046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sena","given":"Kenton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Chris D. 0000-0003-0692-3079","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0692-3079","contributorId":236883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barton","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":815605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williamson, Tanja N. 0000-0002-7639-8495 tnwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8495","contributorId":198329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Tanja","email":"tnwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":815606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70219101,"text":"70219101 - 2021 - Dating fault damage along the eastern Denali fault zone with hematite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T11:47:28.121179","indexId":"70219101","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-19T07:19:35","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dating fault damage along the eastern Denali fault zone with hematite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry","docAbstract":"Unraveling complex slip histories in fault damage zones to understand relations among deformation, hydrothermal alteration, and surface uplift remains a challenge. The dextral eastern Denali fault zone (EDFZ; southwest Yukon, Canada) bounds the Kluane Ranges and hosts a variety of fault-related rocks, including hematite fault surfaces, which have been exhumed through the brittle regime over a protracted period of geologic time. Scanning electron microscopy-based microtextural observations and hematite (U-Th)/He (hematite He) thermochronometry from these surfaces indicate multiple generations of foliated, high-aspect ratio hematite plates. Single-aliquot hematite He dates (
Recent production of light sweet oil has prompted reevaluation of Devonian petroleum systems in the central Appalachian Basin. Upper Devonian Ohio Shale (lower Huron Member) and Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale organic-rich source rocks from eastern Ohio and nearby areas were examined using organic petrography and geochemical analysis of solvent extracts to test ideas related to organic matter sources, oil–source rock correlation, thermal maturity, and distances of petroleum migration. The data from these analyses indicate organic matter in the Ohio and Marcellus Shales primarily was derived from marine algae and its degradation products, including bacterial biomass. Absence of odd-over-even n-alkane distributions (n-C13 to n-C21 range) in gas chromatograms and low gammacerane index values in Devonian source rocks are similar to those of Devonian-reservoired oils in eastern Ohio, suggesting an oil–source rock correlation. Lower Paleozoic oils from eastern Ohio, in contrast, are characterized by the presence of odd-over-even n-alkane distributions (n-C13 to n-C21 range) and higher gammacerane values, which discriminate them from Devonian shale-derived oils. Thermal maturity estimates from equilibrium(?) biomarker isomerization ratios suggest that some of the Devonian source rock samples are at middle to peak oil window conditions (i.e., approximate vitrinite reflectance values of 0.8%–0.9%). This observation requires local to short-distance (<50 mi) lateral migration for emplacement of Devonian-sourced oils into Devonian reservoirs of eastern Ohio and may impact exploration and assessment of petroleum resources in the Upper Devonian Berea Sandstone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/08192019076","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., and Ryder, R.T., 2021, Organic geochemistry and petrology of Devonian shale in eastern Ohio: Implications for petroleum systems assessment: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 105, no. 3, p. 543-573, https://doi.org/10.1306/08192019076.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"543","endPage":"573","ipdsId":"IP-099052","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384494,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Eastern and central Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.57373046875,\n 41.97582726102573\n ],\n [\n -82.06787109374999,\n 41.5579215778042\n ],\n [\n -82.85888671875,\n 41.46742831254425\n ],\n [\n -82.94677734375,\n 40.763901280945866\n ],\n [\n -82.90283203125,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -82.935791015625,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -82.68310546875,\n 38.831149809348744\n ],\n [\n -82.584228515625,\n 40.17887331434696\n ],\n [\n -82.59521484375,\n 41.1455697310095\n ],\n [\n -80.518798828125,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -80.57373046875,\n 41.97582726102573\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, Robert T. rryder@usgs.gov","contributorId":211801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryder","given":"Robert","email":"rryder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70219029,"text":"70219029 - 2021 - Organic petrology and geochemistry of the Sunbury and Ohio Shales in eastern Kentucky and southeastern Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-22T11:51:52.617715","indexId":"70219029","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-19T07:03:17","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":605,"text":"AAPG Bulletin","printIssn":"0149-1423","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic petrology and geochemistry of the Sunbury and Ohio Shales in eastern Kentucky and southeastern Ohio","docAbstract":"As part of a study to determine the origin of oil and gas in the Berea Sandstone in northeastern Kentucky and southeastern Ohio, 158 samples of organic-rich shale from the Upper Devonian Olentangy and Ohio Shales and the Lower Mississippian Sunbury Shale, collectively referred to as the “black shale,” were collected and analyzed from 12 cores. The samples were analyzed for total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic petrography, and programmed pyrolysis. Previously acquired analytical data for 11 samples from 2 additional wells in eastern Kentucky were also used.
Most of the samples were organic rich (>5 wt. % TOC), high in sulfur (>2.0 wt. %), and dominated by liptinite macerals. The vitrinite reflectance (VRo) and equivalent vitrinite reflectance (VReq) values, calculated from bitumen reflectance (BRo) measurements, were found to be in close agreement. The calculated reflectance values from programmed pyrolysis temperature at which the maximum release of hydrocarbons occurs (Tmax) showed better agreement with measured VRo after Tmax was corrected for excessive hydrogen index values for several samples. Thermal maturation parameters were found to increase in a northwest–southeast direction, paralleling an increase in black shale thickness and depth of burial. The thermal maturity proxies indicate the northwestern part of the study area to be more thermally mature than previously indicated. Geochemical and biomarker data from Berea oils indicate migration of oil from more thermally mature to less thermally mature areas. As such, the occurrence of petroleum liquids in the Berea Sandstone cannot be predicted directly from conventional thermal maturity proxies (Tmax, VRo, and BRo) because these methods do not account for migrated petroleum.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/09242019089","usgsCitation":"Eble, C.F., Hackley, P.C., Parris, T.M., and Greb, S.F., 2021, Organic petrology and geochemistry of the Sunbury and Ohio Shales in eastern Kentucky and southeastern Ohio: AAPG Bulletin, v. 105, no. 3, p. 493-515, https://doi.org/10.1306/09242019089.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"515","ipdsId":"IP-100494","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384493,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio, Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Kentucky and southeastern Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 39.21523130910491\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 37.49229399862877\n ],\n [\n -82.41943359375,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -81.93603515625,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -82.50732421875,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 39.605688178320804\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 39.21523130910491\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eble, Cortland F.","contributorId":255518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eble","given":"Cortland","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":51568,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey, U. of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parris, Thomas M.","contributorId":255526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parris","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40489,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greb, Stephen F.","contributorId":255517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greb","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":51568,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey, U. of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70220304,"text":"70220304 - 2021 - Before the first meal: The elusive pre-feeding juvenile stage of the sea lamprey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T16:33:51.934229","indexId":"70220304","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-19T07:02:19","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Before the first meal: The elusive pre-feeding juvenile stage of the sea lamprey","docAbstract":"Although sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Laurentian Great Lakes have been studied intensively for more than 70 years, many questions remain about their complex life cycle. One of the least understood portions is the post-metamorphic stage (hereafter pre-feeding juvenile, PFJ) that occurs prior to parasitic feeding. PFJ must emerge from stream sediments and migrate downstream into nearshore feeding areas. Key uncertainties include the internal and exogenous triggers that regulate the timing and duration of the migration, and the mechanisms the animal uses to navigate, avoid predators, and locate their first host. However, many of these factors may vary predictably among natal streams in response to stable geomorphological and hydraulic characteristics that regulate the timing of movements (e.g., flood phenology), energetic costs (e.g., stream length), and risk (e.g., predator density). An improved understanding of the PFJ stage presents two opportunities to improve the success of sea lamprey control: (1) identification of streams where natural mortality during the PFJ stage is high, allowing for the reallocation of larval control to streams more likely to produce successful parasites, and (2) removal or killing of PFJs in streams where natural mortality is low. Either approach represents an opportunity to limit parasitic damage to valuable fish stocks. Here, we review the state of knowledge of the PFJ stage and identify critical knowledge gaps that, if addressed, could facilitate sea lamprey assessment and control by exploiting the behavior of PFJ as they outmigrate from streams in search of their first meal.
Shallow production of sweet high-gravity oil from the Upper Devonian Berea Sandstone in northeastern Kentucky has caused the region to become the leading oil producer in the state. Potential nearby source rocks, namely, the overlying Mississippian Sunbury Shale and underlying Ohio Shale, are immature for commercial oil generation according to vitrinite reflectance and programmed pyrolysis analyses. We used organic geochemical measurements from Berea oils and solvent extracts from potential Upper Devonian–Mississippian source rocks to better understand organic matter sources, oil–oil and oil–source rock correlations, and thermal maturity in the shallow Berea oil play. Multiple geochemical proxies suggest Berea oils are from one family and from similar source rocks. Oils and organic matter in the potential source rocks are from a marine source based on pristane-to-phytane (Pr/Ph) and terrestrial-to-aquatic ratios, carbon preference index values, n-alkane maxima, C-isotopic composition, and tricyclic terpane and hopane ratios. Any or all of the Devonian to Mississippian black shale source rocks could be potential source rocks for Berea oils based on similarities in oil and solvent extract Pr/n-C17 and Ph/n-C18 ratios, sterane distributions, C-isotopic values, and sterane/hopane and tricyclic terpane ratios. Multiple biomarker ratios suggest Berea oils formed at thermal maturities of approximately 0.7% –0.9% vitrinite reflectance. These data require significant updip lateral migration of 30–50 mi from a downdip Devonian black shale source kitchen to emplace low-sulfur oils in the shallow updip oil-play area and indicate that immature source rocks nearby to Berea oil production are not contributing to produced hydrocarbons.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/08192019077","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Parris, T., Eble, C.F., Greb, S.F., and Harris, D., 2021, Oil–source correlation studies in the shallow Berea Sandstone petroleum system, eastern Kentucky: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 105, no. 3, p. 517-542, https://doi.org/10.1306/08192019077.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"542","ipdsId":"IP-098811","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Northeast Kentucky","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.671875,\n 38.74551518488265\n ],\n [\n -83.81469726562499,\n 37.95286091815649\n ],\n [\n -83.001708984375,\n 37.448696585910376\n ],\n [\n -82.2216796875,\n 37.709899354855125\n ],\n [\n -82.562255859375,\n 38.05674222065296\n ],\n [\n -82.562255859375,\n 38.47079371120379\n ],\n [\n -82.90283203125,\n 38.805470223177466\n ],\n [\n -83.177490234375,\n 38.62545397209084\n ],\n [\n -83.671875,\n 38.74551518488265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parris, T.M.","contributorId":255535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parris","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40489,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eble, C. F.","contributorId":255536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eble","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":40489,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greb, S. F.","contributorId":255538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greb","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":40489,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harris, D.C.","contributorId":255540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40489,"text":"Kentucky Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70219120,"text":"70219120 - 2021 - Public and private tapwater: Comparative analysis of contaminant exposure and potential risk, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T14:11:19.896547","indexId":"70219120","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-19T06:49:14","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7788,"text":"Environmental International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Public and private tapwater: Comparative analysis of contaminant exposure and potential risk, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA","docAbstract":"Humans are primary drivers of environmental contamination worldwide, including in drinking-water resources. In the United States (US), federal and state agencies regulate and monitor public-supply drinking water while private-supply monitoring is rare; the current lack of directly comparable information on contaminant-mixture exposures and risks between private- and public-supplies undermines tapwater (TW) consumer decision-making.
We compared private- and public-supply residential point-of-use TW at Cape Cod, Massachusetts, where both supplies share the same groundwater source. TW from 10 private- and 10 public-supply homes was analyzed for 487 organic, 38 inorganic, 8 microbial indicators, and 3 in vitro bioactivities. Concentrations were compared to existing protective health-based benchmarks, and aggregated Hazard Indices (HI) of regulated and unregulated TW contaminants were calculated along with ratios of in vitro exposure-activity cutoffs.
Seventy organic and 28 inorganic constituents were detected in TW. Median detections were comparable, but median cumulative concentrations were substantially higher in public supply due to 6 chlorine–disinfected samples characterized by disinfection byproducts and corresponding lower heterotrophic plate counts. Public-supply applicable maximum contaminant (nitrate) and treatment action (lead and copper) levels were exceeded in private-supply TW samples only. Exceedances of health-based HI screening levels of concern were common to both TW supplies.
These Cape Cod results indicate comparable cumulative human-health concerns from contaminant exposures in private- and public-supply TW in a shared source-water setting. Importantly, although this study’s analytical coverage exceeds that currently feasible for water purveyors or homeowners, it nevertheless is a substantial underestimation of the full breadth of contaminant mixtures documented in the environment and potentially present in drinking water.
Regardless of the supply, increased public engagement in source-water protection and drinking-water treatment, including consumer point-of-use treatment, is warranted to reduce risks associated with long-term TW contaminant exposures, especially in vulnerable populations.
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, is undertaking a study on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in soils and biosolids. The study will characterize PFAS concentrations in shallow soil and selected biosolids throughout the State of New Hampshire, conduct laboratory experiments to improve understanding of how mobile PFAS are in the environment, and implement a site-specific field study of PFAS transport from soil to water.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip208","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Tokranov, A.K., Schlosser, K.E.A., Marts, J.M., Drouin, A.F., Santangelo, L.M., and Welch, S.M., 2021, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in New Hampshire soils and biosolids: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 208, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip208.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-123740","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/208/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":384462,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/208/gip208.pdf","text":"Report","size":"895 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Hampshire\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
Many US federal agencies apply principles from risk communication science across a wide variety of hazards. In so doing, they identify key research and practice gaps that, if addressed, could help better serve the nation’s communities and greatly enhance practice, research, and policy development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publications","doi":"10.1038/s41562-021-01081-0","usgsCitation":"Klein, W.M., Boutte, A., Brake, H., Beal, M., Lyon-Daniel, K., Eisenhauer, E., Grasso, M., Hubbell, B., Jenni, K., Lauer, C., Lupia, A., Prue, C., Rausch, P., Shapiro, C.D., Smith, M.D., and Riley, W., 2021, Leveraging risk communication science across US federal agencies: Nature Human Behavior, v. 5, p. 411-413, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01081-0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"413","ipdsId":"IP-122303","costCenters":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01081-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421069,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, William M. 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P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":883898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boutte, Alycia","contributorId":330014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boutte","given":"Alycia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":29855,"text":"National Cancer Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brake, Heather","contributorId":330035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brake","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":883861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beal, Madeline","contributorId":330017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beal","given":"Madeline","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37230,"text":"EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyon-Daniel, Katherine","contributorId":330019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyon-Daniel","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17914,"text":"CDC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eisenhauer, Emily","contributorId":330021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eisenhauer","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37230,"text":"EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Grasso, Monica","contributorId":211877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grasso","given":"Monica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hubbell, Bryan","contributorId":330023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hubbell","given":"Bryan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37230,"text":"EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jenni, Karen 0000-0001-9927-7509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9927-7509","contributorId":219401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenni","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lauer, Christopher","contributorId":330025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lauer","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lupia, Arthur","contributorId":330027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lupia","given":"Arthur","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65942,"text":"NSF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Prue, Christine","contributorId":330029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prue","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17914,"text":"CDC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Rausch, Paula","contributorId":330031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rausch","given":"Paula","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78768,"text":"FDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Shapiro, Carl D. 0000-0002-1598-6808 cshapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-6808","contributorId":3048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Carl","email":"cshapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Smith, Michael D.","contributorId":206173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Riley, William","contributorId":222533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riley","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":883873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70219046,"text":"70219046 - 2021 - Whole‐genome resequencing reveals persistence of forest‐associated mammals in Late Pleistocene refugia along North America’s North Pacific Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-13T15:51:18.012368","indexId":"70219046","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-18T08:23:14","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Whole‐genome resequencing reveals persistence of forest‐associated mammals in Late Pleistocene refugia along North America’s North Pacific Coast","docAbstract":"Numerous glacial refugia have been hypothesized along North America's North Pacific Coast that may have increased divergence of refugial taxa, leading to elevated endemism and subsequently clustered hybrid zones following deglaciation. The locations and community composition of these ice‐free areas remains controversial, but whole‐genome sequences now enable detailed analysis of the demographic and evolutionary histories of refugial taxa. Here, we use genomic data to test spatial and temporal processes of diversification among martens with respect to the Coastal Refugium Hypothesis, to understand the role of climate cycling in shaping diversity across complex landscapes.
North America and North Pacific Coast archipelagos.
North American martens (Martes).
Short‐read whole‐genome resequencing data were generated for 11 martens: four M. americana, four M. caurina, two hybrids, and one outgroup (Martes zibellina). Sampling was representative of known genetic clades within New World martens, including sampling within insular and continental hybrid zones and along the North Pacific Coast (five island populations). ADMIXTURE, F‐statistics, and D‐statistics (ABBA‐BABA) were used to identify introgression and infer directionality. Heterozygosity densities, estimated via PSMC, were used to characterize historical demography at and below the species level to infer refugial and colonization processes.
Forest‐associated Pacific martens (M. caurina) are divided into distinct insular and continental clades consistent with the Coastal Refugium Hypothesis. There was no evidence of introgression on islands that received historical translocations of American pine martens (M. americana), but introgression was detected in two active zones of secondary contact: one insular and one continental. Only early‐generational hybrids were identified across multiple hybrid zones, a pattern consistent with potential genetic swamping of M. caurina by M. americana.
Despite an incomplete fossil record, genomic evidence supports the persistence of forest‐associated martens, likely the insular Pacific marten lineage, along the western edges of the Alexander Archipelago during the Last Glacial Maximum. This discovery informs our understanding of refugial paleoenvironments, critical to interpreting refugial timing, duration, and community composition. Genomic reevaluations of other taxa along North America's North Pacific Coast may yield new and deeper perspectives on the history of refugial forest communities and the role of dynamic climate shifts in shaping high‐latitude diversity across complex insular landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jbi.14068","usgsCitation":"Colella, J.P., Lan, T., Talbot, S.L., Lindqvist, C., and Cook, J.A., 2021, Whole‐genome resequencing reveals persistence of forest‐associated mammals in Late Pleistocene refugia along North America’s North Pacific Coast: Journal of Biogeography, v. 48, no. 5, p. 1153-1169, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14068.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1169","ipdsId":"IP-117301","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington, Yukon","otherGeospatial":"North Pacific Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.796875,\n 61.438767493682825\n ],\n [\n -165.58593749999997,\n 53.54030739150022\n ],\n [\n -154.68749999999997,\n 55.3791104480105\n ],\n [\n -147.3046875,\n 58.07787626787517\n ],\n [\n -139.5703125,\n 56.559482483762245\n ],\n [\n -129.375,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -127.61718749999999,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 38.54816542304656\n ],\n [\n -120.9375,\n 47.754097979680026\n ],\n [\n -128.671875,\n 58.07787626787517\n ],\n [\n -138.515625,\n 62.75472592723178\n ],\n [\n -156.796875,\n 61.438767493682825\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colella, Jocelyn P.","contributorId":190332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colella","given":"Jocelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":812554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lan, Tianying","contributorId":207037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lan","given":"Tianying","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37434,"text":"Department of Biological Scineces, State University of New York at Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindqvist, Charlotte","contributorId":207038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindqvist","given":"Charlotte","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37434,"text":"Department of Biological Scineces, State University of New York at Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Joseph A.","contributorId":8323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70222613,"text":"70222613 - 2021 - A numerical study of wave-driven mean flows and setup dynamics at a coral reef-lagoon system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-09T13:25:19.177377","indexId":"70222613","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-18T08:22:36","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9137,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A numerical study of wave-driven mean flows and setup dynamics at a coral reef-lagoon system","docAbstract":"Two-dimensional mean wave-driven flow and setup dynamics were investigated at a reef-lagoon system at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, using the numerical wave-flow model, SWASH. Phase-resolved numerical simulations of the wave and flow fields, validated with highly detailed field observations (including >10 sensors through the energetic surf zone), were used to quantify the main mechanisms that govern the mean momentum balances and resulting mean current and setup patterns, with particular attention to the role of nonlinear wave shapes. Momentum balances from the phase-resolved model indicated that onshore flows near the reef crest were primarily driven by the wave force (dominated by radiation stress gradients) due to intense breaking, whereas the flow over the reef flat and inside the lagoon and channels was primarily driven by a pressure gradient. Wave setup inside the lagoon was primarily controlled by the wave force and bottom stress. The bottom stress reduced the setup on the reef flat and inside the lagoon. Excluding the bottom stress contribution in the setup balance resulted in an over prediction of the wave-setup inside the lagoon by up to 200–370%. The bottom stress was found to be caused by the combined presence of onshore directed wave-driven currents and (nonlinear) waves. Exclusion of the bottom stress contribution from nonlinear wave shapes led to an over prediction of the setup inside the lagoon by approximately 20–40%. The inclusion of the nonlinear wave shape contribution to the bottom stress term was found to be particularly relevant in reef regions that experience a net onshore mass flux over the reef crest.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources","usgsCitation":"Blake, J., 2021, Geology and calcite deposition of Fort Stanton-Snowy River Cave: Lite Geology, v. 48, p. 7-8.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"8","ipdsId":"IP-125320","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384809,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":384785,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/litegeology/current/home.cfml"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Meico","otherGeospatial":"Fort Stanton-Snowy River Cave","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.43280029296875,\n 32.637061996573436\n ],\n [\n -105.43304443359374,\n 32.637061996573436\n ],\n [\n -105.43304443359374,\n 33.277731642555224\n ],\n [\n -106.43280029296875,\n 33.277731642555224\n ],\n [\n -106.43280029296875,\n 32.637061996573436\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blake, Johanna 0000-0003-4667-0096","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4667-0096","contributorId":217272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blake","given":"Johanna","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70219109,"text":"70219109 - 2021 - Evaluating a laboratory flume microbiome as a window into natural riverbed biogeochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-24T12:13:12.940737","indexId":"70219109","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-18T07:10:44","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7170,"text":"Frontiers in Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating a laboratory flume microbiome as a window into natural riverbed biogeochemistry","docAbstract":"Riverbeds are hotspots for microbially-mediated reactions that exhibit pronounced variability in space and time. It is challenging to resolve biogeochemical mechanisms in natural riverbeds, as uncontrolled settings complicate data collection and interpretation. To overcome these challenges, laboratory flumes are often used as proxies for natural riverbed systems. Flumes capture spatiotemporal variability and thus allow for controlled investigations of riverbed biogeochemistry. These investigations implicitly rely on the assumption that the flume microbiome is similar to the microbiome of natural riverbeds. However, this assumption has not been tested and it is unknown how the microbiome of a flume compares to natural aquatic settings, including riverbeds. To evaluate the fundamental assumption that a flume hosts a microbiome similar to natural riverbed systems, we used 16s rRNA gene sequencing and publicly available data to compare the sediment microbiome of a single large laboratory flume to a wide variety of natural ecosystems including lake and marine sediments, river, lake, hyporheic, soil, and marine water, and bank and wetland soils. Richness and Shannon diversity metrics, analyses of variance, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, and analysis of the common microbiomes between flume and river sediment all indicated that the flume microbiome more closely resembled natural riverbed sediments than other ecosystems, supporting the use of flume experiments for investigating natural microbially-mediated biogeochemical processes in riverbeds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2021.596260","usgsCitation":"Kaufman, M., Warden, J.G., Cardenas, M.B., Stegen, J.C., Graham, E.B., and Brown, J., 2021, Evaluating a laboratory flume microbiome as a window into natural riverbed biogeochemistry: Frontiers in Water, v. 21, no. 3, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2021.596260.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-096581","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2021.596260","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384625,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaufman, Matthew H.","contributorId":255711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaufman","given":"Matthew H.","affiliations":[{"id":29861,"text":"The University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warden, John G. 0000-0003-1384-458X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-458X","contributorId":215846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warden","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cardenas, M. Bayani","contributorId":181932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cardenas","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bayani","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":812812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stegen, James C.","contributorId":255712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stegen","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":38914,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Graham, Emily B.","contributorId":202683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graham","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":812814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Joseph","contributorId":255713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":38914,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70219158,"text":"70219158 - 2021 - Ecosystem response persists after a prolonged marine heatwave","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-26T21:05:46.368776","indexId":"70219158","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-18T07:09:45","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecosystem response persists after a prolonged marine heatwave","docAbstract":"Some of the longest and most comprehensive marine ecosystem monitoring programs were established in the Gulf of Alaska following the environmental disaster of the Exxon Valdez oil spill over 30 years ago. These monitoring programs have been successful in assessing recovery from oil spill impacts, and their continuation decades later has now provided an unparalleled assessment of ecosystem responses to another newly emerging global threat, marine heatwaves. The 2014–2016 northeast Pacific marine heatwave (PMH) in the Gulf of Alaska was the longest lasting heatwave globally over the past decade, with some cooling, but also continued warm conditions through 2019. Our analysis of 187 time series from primary production to commercial fisheries and nearshore intertidal to offshore oceanic domains demonstrate abrupt changes across trophic levels, with many responses persisting up to at least 5 years after the onset of the heatwave. Furthermore, our suite of metrics showed novel community-level groupings relative to at least a decade prior to the heatwave. Given anticipated increases in marine heatwaves under current climate projections, it remains uncertain when or if the Gulf of Alaska ecosystem will return to a pre-PMH state.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-83818-5","usgsCitation":"Suryan, R.M., Arimitsu, M.L., Coletti, H.A., Hopcroft, R.R., Lindeberg, M., Barbeaux, S.J., Batten, S., Burt, W.J., Bishop, M.A., Bodkin, J.L., Brenner, R., Campbell, R.W., Cushing, D.A., Danielson, S.L., Dorn, M.W., Drummond, B., Esler, D., Gelatt, T.S., Hanselman, D.H., Iken, K., Irons, D.B., Hatch, S.A., Haught, S., Holderied, K., Kimmel, D.G., Konar, B.H., Kuletz, K.J., Kettle, A.B., Laurel, B.J., Maniscalco, J.M., Monson, D., Matkin, C.O., McKinstry, C., Moran, J., Olsen, D., Piatt, J., Palsson, W.A., Pegau, W., Rogers, L.A., Rojek, N.A., Schaefer, A., Spies, I.B., Straley, J., Strom, S.L., Szymkowiak, M., Sweeney, K.L., Weitzman, B., Yasumiishi, E.M., and Zador, S., 2021, Ecosystem response persists after a prolonged marine heatwave: Scientific Reports, v. 11, 6235, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83818-5.","productDescription":"6235, 17 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Effective management of forests requires accurate, precise estimates of deer population abundance to plan and justify management actions. Spotlight surveys in combination with distance sampling are a common method of estimating deer population abundance; however, spotlight surveys are known to have serious drawbacks such as high costs and sampling biases. Therefore, we tested the effectiveness of enumerating deer from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights, conducted 1 and 6 March 2018, to develop population and density estimates in 2 United States National Parks: Harpers Ferry National Historic Park (HAFE) and Monocacy National Battlefield (MONO). Concurrent spotlight surveys at MONO enabled us to compare estimates obtained by the 2 methods. Deer density estimates by 4 observers of UAV‐obtained thermal imagery from HAFE were 94.5 ± 3.9 deer/km2. Concurrent UAV and spotlight surveys at MONO found 19.7 ± 0.5 deer/km2 and 6.4 ± 4.9 deer/km2, respectively; suggesting that spotlight surveys may significantly underestimate deer densities. Despite the logistical challenges to UAV operation, our findings demonstrate that UAVs will become an invaluable tool for wildlife management as technology improves. © 2021 The Wildlife Society. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Spatial cross-correlation among flood sequences impacts the accuracy of regional predictors. Our study investigates this impact for two regionalization procedures, generalized least squares (GLS) regression and top-kriging (TK), which deal with cross-correlation in two fundamentally different ways and therefore might be associated with different accuracy and uncertainty of predicted flood quantiles. We perform a Monte Carlo experiment based on a dataset of annual maximum flood series for 20 catchments in a hydrologically homogeneous region. Based on a log-Pearson type III parent distribution, we generate 3000 realizations of the region with different degrees of cross-correlation. For each realization, GLS and TK are applied in leave-one-out cross-validation to predict at-site flood quantiles. Our study shows that (a) TK outperforms GLS when catchment area is the only catchment descriptor used for predicting “true” population (theoretical) flood quantiles, regardless of the level of cross-correlation, and (b) GLS and TK perform similarly when multiple catchment descriptors are used.
Bat fatalities at wind energy facilities in North America are predominantly comprised of migratory, tree-dependent species, but it is unclear why these bats are at higher risk. Factors influencing bat susceptibility to wind turbines might be revealed by temporal patterns in their behaviors around these dynamic landscape structures. In northern temperate zones, fatalities occur mostly from July through October, but whether this reflects seasonally variable behaviors, passage of migrants, or some combination of factors remains unknown. In this study, we examined video imagery spanning one year in the state of Colorado in the United States, to characterize patterns of seasonal and nightly variability in bat behavior at a wind turbine. We detected bats on 177 of 306 nights representing approximately 3,800 hr of video and > 2,000 discrete bat events. We observed bats approaching the turbine throughout the night across all months during which bats were observed. Two distinct seasonal peaks of bat activity occurred in July and September, representing 30% and 42% increases in discrete bat events from the preceding months June and August, respectively. Bats exhibited behaviors around the turbine that increased in both diversity and duration in July and September. The peaks in bat events were reflected in chasing and turbine approach behaviors. Many of the bat events involved multiple approaches to the turbine, including when bats were displaced through the air by moving blades. The seasonal and nightly patterns we observed were consistent with the possibility that wind turbines invoke investigative behaviors in bats in late summer and autumn coincident with migration and that bats may return and fly close to wind turbines even after experiencing potentially disruptive stimuli like moving blades. Our results point to the need for a deeper understanding of the seasonality, drivers, and characteristics of bat movement across spatial scales.
The 2018 eruption on the lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea Volcano produced one of the largest and most destructive lava flows in Hawai’i during the past 200 years. Over the course of more than 3 months, twenty-four fissures erupted, and the rate of lava effusion varied by two orders of magnitude, with significant implications for evolving flow behavior and hazards. Syn-eruptive data were collected to quantify these changes in lava effusion rate, including video of flow through channels and digital elevation models acquired using small unoccupied aircraft systems, airborne lidar, and airborne single-pass interferometric synthetic aperture radar. Topographic data through time allowed calculation of subaerial lava flow volume and time-averaged discharge rate over the course of the eruption, which we integrated with pre- and post-eruption bathymetric surveys. Repeat videos of the near-vent channel were analyzed with particle velocimetry to extract flow velocities, and these were combined with open channel flow theory to calculate a time series of instantaneous effusion rates. Results show a general increase in dense rock equivalent (DRE) effusion rate from ~7 to ~100 m3/s from early to late May for the whole flow field and ≥ 200 m3/s by mid-June after the eruption had focused at a primary vent. By the end of the eruption in August, 0.9–1.4 km3 DRE of lava had erupted, with 0.4 km3 deposited on land and at least 0.5 km3 offshore. The trends in effusion rate through time reflect magmatic processes in the connected summit and rift zone system that controlled eruption rate, with resulting implications for lava flow dynamics and hazards.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-021-01443-6","usgsCitation":"Dietterich, H., Diefenbach, A., Soule, S.A., Zoeller, M.H., Patrick, M.R., Major, J., and Lundgren, P., 2021, Lava effusion rate evolution and erupted volume during the 2018 Kīlauea lower East Rift Zone eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 83, no. 25, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-021-01443-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122554","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/2493","text":"External Repository"},{"id":384747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.0507354736328,\n 19.321511226817176\n ],\n [\n -155.25054931640625,\n 19.369454073094243\n ],\n [\n -155.35011291503906,\n 19.39082944712291\n ],\n [\n -155.4242706298828,\n 19.204186382298897\n ],\n [\n -155.39749145507812,\n 19.191217165341648\n ],\n [\n -155.12832641601562,\n 19.2748506284423\n ],\n [\n -155.0507354736328,\n 19.321511226817176\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietterich, Hannah R. 0000-0001-7898-4343","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7898-4343","contributorId":212771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietterich","given":"Hannah R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diefenbach, Angela K. 0000-0003-0214-7818","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0214-7818","contributorId":204743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Angela K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soule, S. 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Genome length ranged from 3541 to 3543 bp and nucleotide identity was 96.7% or greater across genomes. This work suggests a geographical range of this virus that minimally extends from the Athabasca River, Alberta, Canada to the Great Lakes, USA.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/MRA.01425-20","usgsCitation":"Adams, C.R., Blazer, V., Sherry, J., Cornman, R.S., and Iwanowicz, L., 2021, Genome sequences of 26 white sucker hepatitis B virus isolates from white sucker, catostomus commersonii, inhabiting transboundary waters from Alberta, Canada, to the Great Lakes, USA: Microbiology Resource Announcements, v. 10, no. 11, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01425-20.","productDescription":"3 p.","ipdsId":"IP-096274","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01425-20","text":"External Repository"},{"id":385241,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Cynthia R. 0000-0003-4383-530X cradams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-530X","contributorId":176965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Cynthia","email":"cradams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherry, Jim","contributorId":257544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherry","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48188,"text":"Environment Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. 0000-0002-1197-6178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":79382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70218820,"text":"sir20215005 - 2021 - Supporting data and simulation of hypothetical bighead carp egg and larvae development and transport in the Ohio River between Markland Locks and Dam and McAlpine Locks and Dam, Kentucky and Indiana, by use of the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-18T11:47:02.407154","indexId":"sir20215005","displayToPublicDate":"2021-03-17T12:49:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5005","displayTitle":"Supporting Data and Simulation of Hypothetical Bighead Carp Egg and Larvae Development and Transport in the Ohio River between Markland Locks and Dam and McAlpine Locks and Dam, Kentucky and Indiana, by use of the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator","title":"Supporting data and simulation of hypothetical bighead carp egg and larvae development and transport in the Ohio River between Markland Locks and Dam and McAlpine Locks and Dam, Kentucky and Indiana, by use of the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator","docAbstract":"Data collection, along with hydraulic and fluvial egg transport modeling, was completed along a 70.9-mile reach of the Ohio River between Markland Locks and Dam and McAlpine Locks and Dam in Kentucky and Indiana. Water-quality data collected in this reach included surface measurements and vertical profiles of water temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, relative chlorophyll, and relative phycocyanin. Data were collected during two surveys: October 27–November 4, 2016, and June 26–29, 2017. Streamflow and velocity data were collected simultaneously with the water-quality data at cross sections and along longitudinal lines (corresponding to the water-quality surface measurements) and at selected stationary locations (corresponding to the water-quality vertical profiles). The data were collected to understand variability of flow and water-quality conditions relative to simulated reaches of the Ohio River and to aid in identifying parts of the reach that may provide conditions favorable to spawning and recruitment habitat for Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (bighead carp).
A copy of an existing step-backwater model of Ohio River flows was obtained from the National Weather Service and used to simulate hydraulic conditions for four different streamflows. Streamflows were selected to represent typical conditions ranging from a high-streamflow event to a seasonal dry-weather event, with two streamflows between these extremes for this reach of the Ohio River. Outputs from the hydraulic model, a range of five water temperatures observed in water-quality data, and four potential spawning locations were used as input to the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator to simulate the extents and quantile positions of developing bighead carp, from egg hatching to the gas bladder inflation stage, under each scenario. A total of 80 simulations were run.
Results from the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator scenarios (which include only the hydraulic influences on survival that result from settling, irrespective of mortality from other physical or biological factors such as excess turbulence, fertilization failure, predation, or starvation) indicate that most eggs will hatch, about half will die, and a quarter of the surviving larvae will reach the gas bladder inflation stage within the model reach. The overall mean percentage of embryos surviving to the gas bladder inflation stage was 13.1 percent. Individual simulations have embryo survival percentages as high as 49.1 percent. The highest embryo survival percentages occurred for eggs spawned at a streamflow of 38,100 cubic feet per second and water temperatures of 24 to 30 degrees Celsius. Conversely, embryo survival percentages were lowest for the lowest and highest streamflows regardless of water temperature or spawn location. Under low water temperature and high-streamflow conditions, some of the eggs did not hatch nor did the larvae reach the gas bladder inflation stage until passing beyond the downstream model domain. Although the final quantile positions of the eggs and larvae beyond the downstream model domain are unknown, the outcomes still provide useful information about conditions favorable to spawning and recruitment habitat for bighead carp in the Ohio River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215005","collaboration":"Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program","usgsCitation":"Ostheimer, C.J., Boldt, J.A., and Buszka, P.M., 2021, Supporting data and simulation of hypothetical bighead carp egg and larvae development and transport in the Ohio River between Markland Locks and Dam and McAlpine Locks and Dam, Kentucky and Indiana, by use of the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5005, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215005.","productDescription":"Report: v, 30 p.; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-116266","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384390,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5005/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":384391,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5005/sir20215005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5005"},{"id":384392,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MQHEPU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Velocity and water-quality surveys in the Ohio River between Markland Locks and Dam and McAlpine Locks and Dam, Kentucky and Indiana, October 27–November 4, 2016, and June 26–29, 2017"},{"id":384393,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JHLGZL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data and models for the simulation of hypothetical bighead carp egg and larvae development and transport in the Ohio River between Markland Locks and Dam and McAlpine Locks and Dam, Kentucky and Indiana, by use of the Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Ohio River, Markland Locks and Dam, McAlpine Locks and Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.660400390625,\n 38.40194908237822\n ],\n [\n -84.935302734375,\n 38.40194908237822\n ],\n [\n -84.935302734375,\n 38.85682013474361\n ],\n [\n -85.660400390625,\n 38.85682013474361\n ],\n [\n -85.660400390625,\n 38.40194908237822\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center
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6460 Busch Blvd., Suite 100
Columbus, OH 43229–1737
Floods are one of the most costly and frequent natural disasters in Nevada. For example, the 1997 New Year’s flood has been estimated to have caused more than $1 billion in damage across northern Nevada (Truckee River Flood Management Authority, 2017). In 2014, more than 2 miles of Interstate 15 in southern Nevada was heavily damaged by the remnants of Hurricane Norbert combined with monsoonal rains (Sutko, 2015). Flooding in Nevada is highly variable in cause and the season of the year. Flooding can be caused by snowmelt, rain on snow, and flash flooding during thunderstorms. Peak streamflow estimates are critical for planning by government agencies; designation of flood zones; and design of infrastructure including culverts, bridges, and roadways. In order to provide accurate estimates of flood frequencies, long-term data collection of peak streamflows would be needed because the accuracy of estimates improves with longer datasets.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213015","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Nevada Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, K., 2021, Peak streamflow determinations in Nevada: A cooperative program with the USGS and Nevada Department of Transportation: U.S. Geological Survey, Fact Sheet 2021-3015, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213015.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-112970","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3015/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":384414,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3015/fs20213015.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Road
Carson City, Nevada 89701