{"pageNumber":"5020","pageRowStart":"125475","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":40511,"text":"ofr8041 - 1985 - Federal coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Upper Nutria 7 1/2-minute quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T21:39:48.723528","indexId":"ofr8041","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-41","title":"Federal coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Upper Nutria 7 1/2-minute quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8041","usgsCitation":"Berge Exploration Inc., 1985, Federal coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Upper Nutria 7 1/2-minute quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-41, Report: i, 29 p.; 5 Plates: 23.66 x 28.34 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8041.","productDescription":"Report: i, 29 p.; 5 Plates: 23.66 x 28.34 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416882,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75180.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":75908,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0041/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":75907,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0041/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":75906,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0041/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":75905,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0041/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":75904,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0041/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":75903,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0041/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":168767,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0041/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"McKinley County","otherGeospatial":"Upper Nutria 7 1/2-minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.625,\n              35.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.625,\n              35.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              35.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5,\n              35.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.625,\n              35.375\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5fa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berge Exploration Inc.","contributorId":128031,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Berge Exploration Inc.","id":530289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012995,"text":"70012995 - 1985 - Digital image transformation and rectification of spacecraft and radar images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T19:46:21","indexId":"70012995","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3050,"text":"Photogrammetria","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Digital image transformation and rectification of spacecraft and radar images","docAbstract":"Digital image transformation and rectification can be described in three categories: (1) digital rectification of spacecraft pictures on workable stereoplotters; (2) digital correction of radar image geometry; and (3) digital reconstruction of shaded relief maps and perspective views including stereograms. Digital rectification can make high-oblique pictures workable on stereoplotters that would otherwise not accommodate such extreme tilt angles. It also enables panoramic line-scan geometry to be used to compile contour maps with photogrammetric plotters. Rectifications were digitally processed on both Viking Orbiter and Lander pictures of Mars as well as radar images taken by various radar systems. By merging digital terrain data with image data, perspective and three-dimensional views of Olympus Mons and Tithonium Chasma, also of Mars, are reconstructed through digital image processing. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetria","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-8663(85)90006-7","issn":"00318663","usgsCitation":"Wu, S., 1985, Digital image transformation and rectification of spacecraft and radar images: Photogrammetria, v. 40, no. 2, p. 119-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-8663(85)90006-7.","startPage":"119","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269810,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-8663(85)90006-7"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0161e4b0c8380cd4fbb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, S.S.C.","contributorId":10421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"S.S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012935,"text":"70012935 - 1985 - Cemented horizon in subarctic Alaskan sand dunes: Discussion and reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-08T17:11:06.985886","indexId":"70012935","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cemented horizon in subarctic Alaskan sand dunes: Discussion and reply","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.285.2.186","usgsCitation":"Galloway, J., Koster, E.A., Hamilton, T.D., and Cox, G.W., 1985, Cemented horizon in subarctic Alaskan sand dunes: Discussion and reply: American Journal of Science, v. 285, no. 2, p. 186-191, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.285.2.186.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"186","endPage":"191","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480172,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.285.2.186","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":222567,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Great Kobuk Sand Dunes","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.92579581093142,\n              67.5503353488102\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.45284129336503,\n              67.5503353488102\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.45284129336503,\n              67.0572848925232\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.92579581093142,\n              67.0572848925232\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.92579581093142,\n              67.5503353488102\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"285","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0202e4b0c8380cd4fe44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galloway, J. P.","contributorId":19142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koster, E. A.","contributorId":46543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koster","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, T. D.","contributorId":36921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cox, George W.","contributorId":302269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":863902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1007528,"text":"1007528 - 1985 - Pre-1900 overharvest of California red-legged frogs (Rana aurora draytonii), the inducement for bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:22","indexId":"1007528","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pre-1900 overharvest of California red-legged frogs (Rana aurora draytonii), the inducement for bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) introduction","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Jennings, M., and Hayes, M., 1985, Pre-1900 overharvest of California red-legged frogs (Rana aurora draytonii), the inducement for bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) introduction: Herpetologica, v. 41, no. 1, p. 94-103.","productDescription":"p. 94-103","startPage":"94","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681dcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, M.R.","contributorId":18296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, M.P.","contributorId":56174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012954,"text":"70012954 - 1985 - Late Holocene vegetation changes in Greenwater Valley, Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T15:36:31","indexId":"70012954","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Holocene vegetation changes in Greenwater Valley, Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"Small-scale late Holocene vegetation changes were determined from a series of 13 modern and fossil packrat middens collected from a site in the Greenwater Valley, northern Mojave Desert, California. Although the site is above the modern lower limit of Coleogyne ramosissima (black-brush), macrofossils of this shrub are only present in samples younger than 270 yr B.P. In order to measure changes more subtle than presence vs absence, macrofossil concentrations were quantified, and principal components and factor analyses were used to distinguish midden plant assemblages. Both the presence/absence data and the statistical analyses suggest a downward shift of 50 to 100 m for Coleogyne (blackbrush) communities between 1435 and 1795 A.D. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(85)90030-4","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Cole, K., and Webb, R.H., 1985, Late Holocene vegetation changes in Greenwater Valley, Mojave Desert, California: Quaternary Research, v. 23, no. 2, p. 227-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90030-4.","startPage":"227","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266546,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90030-4"},{"id":221922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44ece4b0c8380cd66ed3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, K.L.","contributorId":87507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, R. H.","contributorId":13648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012924,"text":"70012924 - 1985 - Middle Proterozoic uplift events in the Dunbar dome of northeastern Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:02","indexId":"70012924","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Middle Proterozoic uplift events in the Dunbar dome of northeastern Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"Isotopic ages of granitic and metamorphic rocks exposed in the Dunbar structural dome of northeastern Wisconsin identify a protracted series of tectonic and \"hydrothermal\" events that culminated in major regional uplift during Middle Proterozoic (Keweenawan; ca 1,100 Ma) continental rifting and volcanism. The major rock-forming events and the structural development of the dome occurred during the interval 1,862+/-4 Ma to 1,836+/-6 Ma. Whole-rock Rb-Sr ages are partly reset in response to a widely recognized but cryptic event in Wisconsin and Michigan at about 1,630 Ma. The scale and systematic character of the whole-rock resetting strongly suggests the presence of a fluid phase derived in situ from water dissolved in the silicates or externally from a subthrust plate of low-grade metamorphic rocks. The regional nature of the 1,630-Ma disturbance possibly indicates that it is related to a major tectonic event such as an active plate margin far to the south. Rb-Sr biotite ages for the Dunbar dome (this study), the southern complex of the Marquette district (Van Schmus and Woolsey 1975) and the Felch trough area (Aldrich and others 1965) provide a remarkably coherent pattern that reflects multiple episodes of differential uplift. Younger events superimposed on a regional 1,630-Ma imprint are recorded at 1,330 Ma and 1,140 Ma. The 1,330 Ma disturbance could reflect stabilization following intrusion of the Wolf River batholith at 1,485 Ma. The 1,140-Ma uplift event occurred during Keweenawan rifting and volcanism as a result of stresses imposed on a mosaic of fault-bounded blocks with possible subcrustal influence. The remarkably small variance in the 1,140-Ma biotite age peak argues for rapid uplift and cooling, and hence rapid erosion. Detritus from the uplift probably was being shed into nearby tectonic basins most of which did not survive subsequent uplift and erosion. ?? 1985 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00377761","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Peterman, Z.E., Sims, P., Zartman, R., and Schulz, K.J., 1985, Middle Proterozoic uplift events in the Dunbar dome of northeastern Wisconsin, USA: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 138-150, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00377761.","startPage":"138","endPage":"150","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205240,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377761"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56dfe4b0c8380cd6d8b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterman, Z. E.","contributorId":63781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sims, P.K.","contributorId":30191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sims","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schulz, K. J.","contributorId":79131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015392,"text":"1015392 - 1985 - [Book review] The freshwater aquaculture book, by W. O. McLarney","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-18T17:16:15","indexId":"1015392","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] The freshwater aquaculture book, by W. O. McLarney","docAbstract":"Review of: The freshwater aquaculture book: W. O. McLarney; 1984; Hartley and Mathes, Inc; Point Roberts, Washington","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","collaboration":"None/SE","usgsCitation":"Geiger, J.G., 1985, [Book review] The freshwater aquaculture book, by W. O. McLarney: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 47, no. 2, p. 133-134.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65daa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geiger, J. G.","contributorId":29340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geiger","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012923,"text":"70012923 - 1985 - USGS Telecommunications Responding to Change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-24T16:44:28","indexId":"70012923","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2469,"text":"Journal of Surveying Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS Telecommunications Responding to Change","docAbstract":"The telecommunications industry is undergoing tremendous change due to the court ordered breakup of the monopoly once enjoyed by American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T). This action has resulted in a plethora of new services and products in all of the communications fields, including traditional voice and data. The new products are making extensive use of computer technology. At the same time, costs of telecommunications services have risen dramatically over the past three years. This article reviews some of the major actions that the Geological Survey has taken in response to these changes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Surveying Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(1985)111:1(14)","issn":"07339453","usgsCitation":"Hott, J.L., 1985, USGS Telecommunications Responding to Change: Journal of Surveying Engineering, v. 111, no. 1, p. 14-22, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(1985)111:1(14).","startPage":"14","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269944,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(1985)111:1(14)"}],"volume":"111","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbbb4e4b08c986b3287a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hott, James L.","contributorId":64390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hott","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012953,"text":"70012953 - 1985 - Description and origin of the lower part of the Mesaverde Group in Rifle Gap, Garfield County, Colorado.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012953","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Description and origin of the lower part of the Mesaverde Group in Rifle Gap, Garfield County, Colorado.","docAbstract":"Rifle Gap cuts through the central part of the Grand Hogback and the gap exposes the entire Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group. The best outcrops are on the roadcuts through the coal-rich lower part of the group. These roadcuts border the Rifle Gap dam and reservoir on the southwest, where the coal-rich section can be examined with little climbing away from the road. This coal-rich section consists of 1700 ft (518 m) of uppermost Mancos Shale, overlain by the Iles Formation and the lower part of the Williams Fork Formation of the Mesaverde Group. These formations are composed of members and informal units formed in a late Campanian coastal setting of deltas and intervening strandplains which supported vast peat swamps. The age and the coastal subenvironments of deposition of these units are indicated by fossils and sedimentary structures which can be studied on the roadcuts. The highest, most prominent roadcut exposes a thick, white sandstone called the Trout Creek Sandstone Member, Iles Formation, the correlations of which have been reassessed recently. This sandstone previously was correlated to a sandstone exposed at New Castle: the Rollins Sandstone Member, Mesaverde Formation, of the southern Piceance Creek basin. However, later field mapping showed that the two sandstones cannot be traced to each other but are separated by 310-450 ft (93.9-136.4 m) of strata along the central Grand Hogback. The recorrelations of the Trout Creek and adjacent sandstone members have influenced reconstruction of the local, late Campanian paleogeography of the oscillating shoreline. The sketches of paleogeographic reconstruction show an oscillating shoreline that trended northeast-southwest. This shoreline migrated inland to the area of Wolf Creek on the northern border of the Piceance Creek basin, and seaward only as far as the area of New Castle, until deposition of the Haas sandstone unit of the lower Williams Fork Formation. During the deposition of the Haas, the shoreline continued migrating seaward past New Castle. The general trend and seaward extent of this shoreline are based on regional correlations of ammonite zones and on local paleocurrent indicators from deposits of longshore drift and storm scour exposed in the central Grand Hogback. -Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mountain Geologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0027254X","usgsCitation":"Madden, D., 1985, Description and origin of the lower part of the Mesaverde Group in Rifle Gap, Garfield County, Colorado.: Mountain Geologist, v. 22, no. 3, p. 128-138.","startPage":"128","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feebe4b0c8380cd4efae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madden, D.J.","contributorId":69571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1017048,"text":"1017048 - 1985 - Influence on non-aromatizable androgens and aromatase inhibition on sex determination in channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:34","indexId":"1017048","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"seriesTitle":{"id":463,"text":"American Zoologist","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":18}},"title":"Influence on non-aromatizable androgens and aromatase inhibition on sex determination in channel catfish","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Zoologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"87-118/SE","usgsCitation":"Davis, K.B., Simco, B., Goudie, C.A., and Snellgrove, R., 1985, Influence on non-aromatizable androgens and aromatase inhibition on sex determination in channel catfish, <i>in</i> American Zoologist, v. 25, no. 4.","productDescription":"115A p.","startPage":"115A","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee574","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, K. B.","contributorId":83869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simco, B.A.","contributorId":101216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simco","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goudie, C. A.","contributorId":97851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goudie","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snellgrove, R.","contributorId":34095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snellgrove","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1013606,"text":"1013606 - 1985 - Antigen uptake by gill cells of Atlantic salmon given bath immunizations with Yersinia ruckeri bacterins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-16T15:58:26.560509","indexId":"1013606","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":749,"text":"American Zoologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Antigen uptake by gill cells of Atlantic salmon given bath immunizations with Yersinia ruckeri bacterins","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic Press","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D.P., Zapata, A., and Wisniewski, M., 1985, Antigen uptake by gill cells of Atlantic salmon given bath immunizations with Yersinia ruckeri bacterins: American Zoologist, v. 25, no. 4, p. 75A-75A.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"75A","endPage":"75A","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132159,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":417098,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/25.4.1"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b164","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, D. P.","contributorId":32469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zapata, A.G.","contributorId":54548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zapata","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wisniewski, M.","contributorId":11567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wisniewski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013000,"text":"70013000 - 1985 - DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL MINERALS OF SELECTED EASTERN UNITED STATES COALS.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:31","indexId":"70013000","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL MINERALS OF SELECTED EASTERN UNITED STATES COALS.","docAbstract":"The association of 34 elements with minerals found in coal was determined by a combination of analytical techniques on size and density fractions of low-temperature ash (LTA). Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to determine the concentrations of the elements, and X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy were used to identify the minerals present in the LTA. The distribution of elemental and mineral concentrations in different size fractions was also determined. Between 35 and 60 weight percent of the LTA was composed of particles smaller than 2 mu m.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings - 1985 International Conference on Coal Science.","conferenceLocation":"Sydney, Aust","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon Press","publisherLocation":"Sydney, Aust","isbn":"0080298710","usgsCitation":"Palmer, C., and Wandless, M., 1985, DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL MINERALS OF SELECTED EASTERN UNITED STATES COALS., Proceedings - 1985 International Conference on Coal Science., Sydney, Aust, p. 792-795.","startPage":"792","endPage":"795","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd4be4b0c8380cd4e75a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, C.A.","contributorId":81894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wandless, M.-V.","contributorId":54611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandless","given":"M.-V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1014171,"text":"1014171 - 1985 - Succession patterns of zooplankton in fertilized culture ponds without fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T19:07:43.519817","indexId":"1014171","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Succession patterns of zooplankton in fertilized culture ponds without fish","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1985)47%3C183:SPOZIF%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Parmley, D.C., and Geiger, J.G., 1985, Succession patterns of zooplankton in fertilized culture ponds without fish: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 47, no. 3, p. 183-186, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1985)47%3C183:SPOZIF%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131944,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db69992d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parmley, D. C.","contributorId":50112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parmley","given":"D.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geiger, J. G.","contributorId":29340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geiger","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012936,"text":"70012936 - 1985 - A policy evaluation tool: Management of a multiaquifer system using controlled stream recharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-02T17:54:11.455248","indexId":"70012936","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A Policy Evaluation Tool: Management of a Multiaquifer System Using Controlled Stream Recharge","title":"A policy evaluation tool: Management of a multiaquifer system using controlled stream recharge","docAbstract":"<p><span>A model for the optimal allocation of water resources was developed for a multiaquifer groundwater and surface water system near Livermore, California. The complex groundwater system was analyzed using a transient, quasi-three-dimensional model that considers the nonlinear behavior of the unconfined aquifer. The surface water system consists of a reservoir that discharges water to three streams which in turn recharge the upper aquifer. Nonlinear streamflow-recharge relationships were developed based upon synoptic field measurements of streamflow. The management model uses constrained optimization to minimize the cost of allocating surface water subject to physical and economic restrictions. Results indicate that a combined hydrologic and economic management model can be used to evaluate management practices of a complex hydrogeologic system. Questions can be posed which either would be impossible or extremely difficult to solve without the management model. We demonstrate the utility of such a model in three areas. First, the efficiency of intra-basin water allocations is evaluated. Second, critical factors that control management decisions of the basin are identified. Third, the influence of economic incentives that can best satisfy the conflicting objectives of various water users is explored.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i011p01731","usgsCitation":"Danskin, W.R., and Gorelick, S.M., 1985, A policy evaluation tool: Management of a multiaquifer system using controlled stream recharge: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 11, p. 1731-1747, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i011p01731.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1731","endPage":"1747","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484149,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i011p01731","description":"Danskin, W.R. and Gorelick, S.M., 1985, A policy evaluation tool-Management of a multi-aquifer system using controlled stream recharge: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 11, p. 1731–1747."},{"id":484148,"rank":2,"type":{"id":42,"text":"Open Access USGS Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70012936/WaterResources_Vol21_No11_p1731-1747_Nov1985_USGSOpenAccess.pdf","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":222625,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"11","publishedDate":"1985-11-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4dee4b0c8380cd469b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danskin, Wesley R. 0000-0001-8672-5501 wdanskin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-5501","contributorId":1034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danskin","given":"Wesley","email":"wdanskin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorelick, Steven M.","contributorId":8784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012957,"text":"70012957 - 1985 - Phase relations and adiabats in boiling seafloor geothermal systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-10T21:45:57.678143","indexId":"70012957","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phase relations and adiabats in boiling seafloor geothermal systems","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id3\"><p>Observations of large salinity variations and vent temperatures in the range of 380–400°C suggest that boiling or two-phase separation may be occurring in some seafloor geothermal systems. Consideration of flow rates and the relatively small differences in density between vapors and liquids at the supercritical pressures at depth in these systems suggests that boiling is occurring under closed-system conditions. Salinity and temperature of boiling vents can be used to estimate the pressure-temperature point in the subsurface at which liquid seawater first reached the two-phase boundary. Data are reviewed to construct phase diagrams of coexisting brines and vapors in the two-phase region at pressures corresponding to those of the seafloor geothermal systems. A method is developed for calculating the enthalpy and entropy of the coexisting mixtures, and results are used to construct adiabats from the seafloor to the<i>P-T</i><span>&nbsp;</span>two-phase boundary. Results for seafloor vents discharging at 2300 m below sea level indicate that a 385°C vent is composed of a brine (7% NaCl equivalent) in equilibrium with a vapor (0.1% NaCl). Brine constitutes 45% by weight of the mixture, and the fluid first boiled at approximately 1 km below the seafloor at 415°C, 330 bar. A 400°C vent is primarily vapor (88 wt.%, 0.044% NaCl) with a small amount of brine (26% NaCl) and first boiled at 2.9 km below the seafloor at 500°C, 520 bar. These results show that adiabatic decompression in the two-phase region results in dramatic cooling of the fluid mixture when there is a large fraction of vapor.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(85)90177-3","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., and Pitzer, K.S., 1985, Phase relations and adiabats in boiling seafloor geothermal systems: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 75, no. 4, p. 327-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(85)90177-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221979,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a787ce4b0c8380cd786e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitzer, Kenneth S.","contributorId":94435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitzer","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012877,"text":"70012877 - 1985 - Variations in tilt rate and harmonic tremor amplitude during the January-August 1983 east rift eruptions of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:06","indexId":"70012877","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in tilt rate and harmonic tremor amplitude during the January-August 1983 east rift eruptions of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"During January-August 1983, a network of telemetered tiltmeters and seismometers recorded detailed temporal changes associated with seven major eruptive phases along the east rift of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Each eruptive phase was accompanied by subsidence of the summit region and followed by reinflation of the summit to approximately the same level before renewal of eruptive activity. The cyclic summit tilt pattern and the absence of measurable tilt changes near the eruptive site suggest that conditions in the summit region controlled the timing of the last six eruptive phases. The rate of summit subsidence progressively increased from one eruptive phase to the next during the last six phases; the amplitude of harmonic tremor increased during the last four phases. The increases in subsidence rate and in tremor amplitude suggest that frequent periods of magma movement have reduced the flow resistance of the conduit system between the summit and the rift zone. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Dvorak, J., and Okamura, A., 1985, Variations in tilt rate and harmonic tremor amplitude during the January-August 1983 east rift eruptions of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 25, no. 3-4, p. 249-258.","startPage":"249","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc191e4b08c986b32a656","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dvorak, J.J.","contributorId":52597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dvorak","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okamura, A.T.","contributorId":70400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okamura","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012989,"text":"70012989 - 1985 - A quantitative analysis of the Lassen hydrothermal system, north central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:09:27","indexId":"70012989","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A quantitative analysis of the Lassen hydrothermal system, north central California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Our conceptual model of the Lassen system is termed a liquid-dominated hydrothermal system with a parasitic vapor-dominated zone. The essential feature of this model is that steam and steam-heated discharge at relatively high altitudes in Lassen Volcanic National Park (LVNP) and liquid discharge with high chloride concentrations at relatively low altitudes outside LVNP are both fed by an upflow of high-enthalpy two-phase fluid within the Park. Liquid flows laterally away from the upflow area toward the areas of high-chloride discharge, and steam rises through a vapor-dominated zone to feed the steam and steam-heated features. Numerical simulations show that several conditions are necessary for the development of this type of system, including (1) large-scale topographic relief; (2) an initial period of convective heating within an upflow zone followed by (3) a change in hydrologic or geologic conditions that initiates drainage of liquid from portions of the upflow zone; and (4) low-permeability barriers that inhibit the movement of cold water into the vapor zone. Simulations of thermal fluid withdrawal south of LVNP, carried out in order to determine the effects of such withdrawal on portions of the hydrothermal system within the Park, generally showed decreases in pressure and liquid saturation beneath the vapor zone which resulted in temporary increases and subsequent decreases in the rate of upflow of steam. A generalized production-injection scenario that could mitigate the effects of development on both the high-chloride and steam-fed features was identified.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i006p00853","usgsCitation":"Ingebritsen, S.E., and Sorey, M., 1985, A quantitative analysis of the Lassen hydrothermal system, north central California: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 6, p. 853-868, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i006p00853.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"868","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen hydrothermal system","volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9071e4b0c8380cd7fd3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012952,"text":"70012952 - 1985 - Overview of hydrologic-data collection by the US Geological Survey in Oklahoma.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:05","indexId":"70012952","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2944,"text":"Oklahoma Geology Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Overview of hydrologic-data collection by the US Geological Survey in Oklahoma.","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey (USGS) collects hydrologic data from 1332 stream, lake, and ground-water sites in Oklahoma. Information on the quantity of water from a network of 123 streamflow stations, 30 lakes, 42 peak-flow stations, three low-flow stations, and on the quality of water from 40 stream locations is published each year in the USGS publication Water Resources Data for Oklahoma. Information on water levels from 1134 ground-water wells is currently published in cooperation with the State of Oklahoma in the USGS publication Ground-Water Levels in Observation Wells in Oklahoma. The data also are made available to the public as printouts from several computerized databases maintained by the USGS. -Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oklahoma Geology Notes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00301736","usgsCitation":"Hauth, L., 1985, Overview of hydrologic-data collection by the US Geological Survey in Oklahoma.: Oklahoma Geology Notes, v. 45, no. 4, p. 149-161.","startPage":"149","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a720ee4b0c8380cd768d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hauth, L.D.","contributorId":48551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauth","given":"L.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013001,"text":"70013001 - 1985 - The plumbotectonics of the West Shasta mining district, eastern Klamath Mountains, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T23:19:13.416275","indexId":"70013001","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The plumbotectonics of the West Shasta mining district, eastern Klamath Mountains, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The tectonic setting comprising the West Shasta mining district has often been compared with that of primitive island arcs. Concentrations of uranium, thorium, and lead and lead isotope compositions were determined for Devonian ores and rocks of the West Shasta district, eastern Klamath Mountains, California, to help evaluate the tectonic classification. The lead isotope pattern is found to be complex. From comparison of the data with those on younger ores and rocks in the region and with those isotopic patterns found in modern tectonic terranes, however, a number of conclusions are possible. A lead isotope point for the Devonian oceanic mantle is now well established from this study on the West Shasta district. This isotopic composition is in agreement with that suggested by Slawson in 1983--i.e., from a sample of massive sulfide ore from the Golinsky deposit--with a&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb of 17.830, a&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb of 15.450, and a&nbsp;</span><sup>208</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb of 37.313. If the Devonian mantle is analogous to the modern mantle, the determined value is probably at the more radiogenic end of the Devonian oceanic mantle array.Some samples of volcanic rocks and ores that have elevated values of&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb and&nbsp;</span><sup>208</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb indicate that subducted pelagic sediments or interaction of the magmas with other sediments downsection have been involved to varying degrees in the generation of magmas. The high ratios were not attained by addition of lead to the volcanic rocks or ores during subsequent magmatic events, such as intrusion of the Permian Pit River stock to the east or of the Cretaceous Shasta Bally batholith that crops out to the south and west and may underlie part of the district. Some values of&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb are sufficiently high as to suggest that West Shasta may have developed nearer a continent than was previously supposed. Lead isotope data for Quaternary volcanic rocks are somewhat more radiogenic than for Cretaceous ores and plutonic rocks. Permo-Triassic ores are again a bit less radiogenic. The isotopic differences between the Permo-Triassic and Quaternary data could be accounted for by a value for&nbsp;</span><sup>238</sup><span>&nbsp;U/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb of 10.42 in common source material. Using this value of&nbsp;</span><sup>238</sup><span>&nbsp;U/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb to calculate even further back to 400 m.y., the resulting ratios are found to fall very close to the \"best value\" for the lead isotope mixing line between the Devonian mantle and pelagic sediments. We interpret this intersection to be the \"mean value\" for the assimilated Devonian sediment lead--18.250 for&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb and 15.582 for&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb. As deduced for the lead isotope composition for the Devonian mantle at this location, the pelagic sediment, lead isotope composition also is toward the more radiogenic end of the values expected for pelagic sediments in the Devonian. Lack of sediments in the observed volcanic section of the West Shasta district suggests a submerged volcanic-arc setting (as interpreted by others for the Troodos and Samail ophiolites) rather than an island-arc situation (such as the Green Tuff area of Japan) or an incipient spreading ridge setting (that might have grown to be a subaerial Iceland). The elevated values of&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb for some samples suggest a submerged volcanic are whereas the exceedingly low values of thorium--which is not easily mobilized during alteration events--for both basaltic andesites and plagiorhyolites is suggestive of depleted source material such as is found for most oceanic spreading centers. Elevated values of&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb are exceedingly rare in midocean ridge basalts and low contents of thorium are known in island arcs, so a submerged volcanic arc is the preferred interpretation. Some similarity exists between the&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb values of Devonian ores having elevated values of&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb/&nbsp;</span><sup>204</sup><span>&nbsp;Pb and those of the Permo-Triassic ores of the East Shasta district, as mentioned by Slawson in 1983. This similarity is now confirmed to be a coincidence. We find it due first of all to some incorporation of sediment lead in the magmas, followed later by some migration of radiogenic lead--probably locally derived--into the ores during subsequent events. Because there was some postdepositional lead migration into the ores, some migration of copper also into the ores cannot be excluded. Lead, especially radiogenic lead, however, is more mobile than copper. As the migrating lead is deduced to have been locally derived from the observed section rather than exotically derived, any copper added was probably locally derived also.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.80.8.2136","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Doe, B.R., Delevaux, M., and Albers, J.P., 1985, The plumbotectonics of the West Shasta mining district, eastern Klamath Mountains, California: Economic Geology, v. 80, no. 8, p. 2136-2148, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.80.8.2136.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2136","endPage":"2148","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220457,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baea1e4b08c986b324221","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doe, B. R.","contributorId":52173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doe","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delevaux, M.H.","contributorId":27853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delevaux","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Albers, J. P.","contributorId":81505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012916,"text":"70012916 - 1985 - PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS DUE TO TEMPERATURE: EFFECTS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012916","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS DUE TO TEMPERATURE: EFFECTS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE.","docAbstract":"The change in permeability with time of granite, quartzite, anorthosite and gabbro was measured while these rocks were subjected to a temperature gradient. Permeability reductions of up to two orders of magnitude were observed, with the greatest reactions occurring in the quartzite. These changes are thought to be caused by dissolution of minerals at high temperatures, and redeposition of the dissolved material at lower temperatures. Quartz appears to be an important mineral in this self-sealing process. If very low permeability is desired around a nuclear waste repository in crystalline rocks, then a quartz-rich rock may be the most appropriate host.","largerWorkTitle":"Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management VIII. Held as part of the Fall Meeting of the Materials Research Society.","conferenceLocation":"Boston, MA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Materials Research Soc","publisherLocation":"Pittsburgh, PA, USA","issn":"02729172","isbn":"093183709X","usgsCitation":"Morrow, C., Moore, D., and Byerlee, J., 1985, PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS DUE TO TEMPERATURE: EFFECTS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE., <i>in</i> Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings, v. 44, Boston, MA, USA, p. 467-474.","startPage":"467","endPage":"474","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222331,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7348e4b0c8380cd76f53","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jantzen Carol M.Stone John A.Ewing Rodney C.","contributorId":128428,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Jantzen Carol M.Stone John A.Ewing Rodney C.","id":536258,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Morrow, C.A.","contributorId":99977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Diane E. 0000-0002-8641-1075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-1075","contributorId":106496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Diane E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byerlee, J.D.","contributorId":69982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerlee","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001412,"text":"1001412 - 1985 - Mallard recruitment in the agricultural environment of North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T10:33:22","indexId":"1001412","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3773,"text":"Wildlife Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mallard recruitment in the agricultural environment of North Dakota","docAbstract":"Recruitment of a mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) population was assessed on a 10,041-km2 study area in central North Dakota during 1977-80. We equipped 338 hens with radio transmitters and monitored them during the breeding season. Two hundred thirty-five of these hens furnished data reported here. Habitat use, nest site selection, fate of nests, and the rate of renesting were measured. Survival of hens during April-September and survival of young were determined. There was a high negative correlation between nest initiation date and mean April or May temperature. Hens selected nest sites most frequently in grassland and least frequently in cropland, but habitat use compared to availability indicated preference for road right-of-way and odd areas of cover and rejection of cropland. Use of other habitats was in proportion to their availability. Nest success was only 8% during the study. Hen success, a function of nest success and renesting rate, averaged 15% and varied among years because of increased renesting in wet years. In all years, 2-year-old and older hens were twice as successful as first-year nesters. Nesting effort was correlated with water conditions as derived from aerial photographs. April-September survival of hens averaged 80% because predation was heavy when hens were on nests. Only 74% of the hens that hatched a clutch were observed later with at least 1 surviving duckling. On average, hens in the spring population recruited only 0.27 young females to the fall population. Based on this recruitment estimate, published survival estimates and a model previously developed for a closed population, we predict a 20% annual population decline. Nest success of 15% and a resulting hen success of 31% would be required for a stable population. The results suggest that the population on the study area is not maintaining itself but is being supplemented by pioneering birds. A serious recruitment problem has resulted from nest predation. Additional research is needed to determine the geographic extent of the problem. If the problem is widespread, management techniques must be devised to overcome nest destruction, mortality of hens, and mortality of ducklings.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Cowardin, L., Gilmer, D., and Shaiffer, C., 1985, Mallard recruitment in the agricultural environment of North Dakota: Wildlife Monographs, v. 92, p. 3-37.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.656494140625,\n              46.32417161725691\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.06372070312499,\n              46.32417161725691\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.06372070312499,\n              47.37603463349758\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.656494140625,\n              47.37603463349758\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.656494140625,\n              46.32417161725691\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"92","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a010","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowardin, L.M.","contributorId":106435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowardin","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaiffer, Charles W.","contributorId":74325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaiffer","given":"Charles W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012987,"text":"70012987 - 1985 - Low gradient permeability measurements in a triaxial system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-16T17:54:20.295371","indexId":"70012987","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1825,"text":"Geotechnique","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low gradient permeability measurements in a triaxial system","docAbstract":"<p><span>Permeability measurements were conducted with the flow-pump method on sand, sandy silt and silty clay specimens in a conventional triaxial system by introducing and withdrawing water at known constant flow rates into the base of a specimen with a flow-pump, and by monitoring the head difference induced across the length of the specimen with a sensitive differential pressure transducer. The results show that the previously reported advantages of the flow-pump method, compared with conventional constant head and falling head methods, were realized for permeability measurements in conventional triaxial equipment. These advantages are that direct flow rate measurements are avoided together with the associated errors that arise from the effects of contaminants on capillary menisci and the long periods of time involved in flow rate measurements; permeability measurements can be obtained much more rapidly and at substantially smaller gradients; errors from the small intercept in the otherwise linear flow rate versus hydraulic gradient relationship, and also from seepage-induced permeability changes, can easily be recognized and avoided or minimized. The results further show that the initial transient response of a specimen that precedes the steady state condition needed for a permeability measurement can require a substantial period of time. In this study the response times varied from a fraction of a minute for a sand specimen to more than 200 minutes for a silty clay specimen. Errors in permeability measurements from this transient response can easily be avoided with the flow-pump method but not with constant head and falling head methods.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Institution of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1680/geot.1985.35.2.145","usgsCitation":"Olsen, H.W., Nichols, R.W., and Rice, T.L., 1985, Low gradient permeability measurements in a triaxial system: Geotechnique, v. 35, no. 2, p. 145-157, https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1985.35.2.145.","startPage":"145","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220285,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40f2e4b0c8380cd65191","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, H. W.","contributorId":10060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, R. W.","contributorId":51907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rice, T. L.","contributorId":11759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012951,"text":"70012951 - 1985 - Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - a synopsis.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012951","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - a synopsis.","docAbstract":"A tin greisen deposit is associated with an alkali-feldspar granite that forms part of a ring complex at Jabal as Silsilah. The petrological and geochemical characteristics of the Fawwarah alkali-feldspar granite resemble those of granites located elsewhere that are also associated with deposits of Sn, W and rare metals. The alkali-feldspar granite is peraluminous, incompatible trace-element-enriched, and is characterized by a flat chondrite-normalized REE pattern that includes a very large, negative Eu anomaly. The distinctive mineralogy of the alkali-feldspar granite includes zinnwaldite and topaz. Differentiation and mineral fractionation controlled magma evolution while components of the ring complex were sequentially emplaced. Evolution of the ring complex and its associated tin deposit concluded with local, intense alteration of the Fawwarah alkali-feldspar granite to a cassiterite-bearing greisen. Samples of greisens suggest that the locus of economic tin deposits is not restricted to the two known, strongly mineralized greisens.-J.A.Z.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Bray, D., 1985, Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - a synopsis.: American Mineralogist, v. 70, no. 11-12, p. 1075-1086.","startPage":"1075","endPage":"1086","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2688e4b0c8380cd5913f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bray, du","contributorId":28749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bray","given":"du","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012914,"text":"70012914 - 1985 - Forecasts and predictions of eruptive activity at Mount St. Helens, USA: 1975-1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-07T16:21:37.730521","indexId":"70012914","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2304,"text":"Journal of Geodynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasts and predictions of eruptive activity at Mount St. Helens, USA: 1975-1984","docAbstract":"<p>Public statements about volcanic activity at Mount St. Helens include factual statements, forecasts, and predictions. A<span>&nbsp;</span><i>factual statement</i><span>&nbsp;</span>describes current conditions but does not anticipate future events. A<span>&nbsp;</span><i>forecast</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is a comparatively imprecise statement of the time, place, and nature of expected activity. A<span>&nbsp;</span><i>prediction</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is a comparatively precise statement of the time, place, and ideally, the nature and size of impending activity. A prediction usually covers a shorter time period than a forecast and is generally based dominantly on interpretations and measurements of ongoing processes and secondarily on a projection of past history. The three types of statements grade from one to another, and distinctions are sometimes arbitrary.</p><p>Forecasts and predictions at Mount St. Helens became increasingly precise from 1975 to 1982. Stratigraphic studies led to a long-range forecast in 1975 of renewed eruptive activity at Mount St. Helens, possibly before the end of the century. On the basis of seismic, geodetic and geologic data, general forecasts for a landslide and eruption were issued in April 1980, before the catastrophic blast and landslide on 18 May 1980. All extrusions except two from June 1980 to the end of 1984 were predicted on the basis of integrated geophysical, geochemical, and geologic monitoring. The two extrusions that were not predicted were preceded by explosions that removed a substantial part of the dome, reducing confining pressure and essentially short-circuiting the normal precursors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0264-3707(85)90044-4","issn":"02643707","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D.A., Casadevall, T.J., Dzurisin, D., Holcomb, R.T., Newhall, C.G., Malone, S.D., and Weaver, C., 1985, Forecasts and predictions of eruptive activity at Mount St. Helens, USA: 1975-1984: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 3, no. 3-4, p. 397-423, https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-3707(85)90044-4.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"423","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222329,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a131ee4b0c8380cd54518","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, D. A.","contributorId":34102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casadevall, T. J.","contributorId":96680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casadevall","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dzurisin, D.","contributorId":76067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holcomb, R. T.","contributorId":99146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holcomb","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newhall, C. G.","contributorId":93056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newhall","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Malone, S. D.","contributorId":48310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weaver, C.S.","contributorId":57874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":85640,"text":"85640 - 1985 - Wildlife health implications of sewage disposal in wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:06","indexId":"85640","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Wildlife health implications of sewage disposal in wetlands","docAbstract":"Wildlife health concerns associated with disposal of sewage effluent in wetlands are of three primary types: (1) introduction of pathogens, (2) introduction of pollutants that adversely impact on host body defense mechanisms, and (3) changes in the physical and chemical properties of wetlands that favor the development and maintenance of disease problems. Unlike the situation with human health concerns, introduction of pathogens is not the major concern regarding wildlife health. Instead, the focus of attention needs to be directed at environmental changes likely to take place as a result of effluent discharges into different types of wetlands. Unless these changes are adequately addressed from a disease perspective, marshes utilized for sewage disposal could become disease incubators and wildlife death traps. This result would be unfortunate because the backlash would likely negate the potentially beneficial aspects of the use of sewage wastewater for the creation of new wetlands and have a severe impact on progress being made towards evaluation of the compatibility of wildlife and sewage effluents. ","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Considerations in Wetlands Treatment of Municipal Wastewaters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Van Nostrand Reinhold Company","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Friend, M., 1985, Wildlife health implications of sewage disposal in wetlands, chap. <i>of</i> Ecological Considerations in Wetlands Treatment of Municipal Wastewaters, p. 262-269.","productDescription":"p. 262-269","startPage":"262","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14770,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=8901844&q=author%3A%22Friend%22+intitle%3A%22Wildlife+health+implications+of+sewage+disposal+in+wetlands%22+&uid=787395425&setcookie=yes","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5304.000000000000000"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f99df","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Godfrey, P.J.","contributorId":113439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godfrey","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504620,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaynor, E.R.","contributorId":112281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaynor","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504619,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pelczarski, S.","contributorId":113672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pelczarski","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504621,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Friend, M. 0000-0002-2882-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3629","contributorId":82634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friend","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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