The characteristics of the Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina are being studied as a part of the Regional Aquifer System Analysis program of the United States Geological Survey. Potentiometric maps were constructed for the Middendorf aquifer of Cretaceous age and for the Floridan aquifer system and its sand facies equivalent, Tertiary sand aquifer, prior to development. Also constructed was a potentiometric decline map for the period prior to development to November 1982 for the Middendorf aquifer. These maps are used to describe the ground-water flow system.
The Coastal Plain aquifers are recharged primarily by precipitation in their outcrop areas. Ground water flows from these areas of recharge, through the aquifers, and discharges to upper Coastal Plain rivers, overlying aquifers as upward leakage, and wells.
Ground-water flow in the Floridan aquifer system and the Tertiary sand aquifer prior to development is generally perpendicular to the coast. Predevelopment flow in the Cretaceous aquifers, however, turns northeastward as it approaches the coast, almost paralleling the coast. The change in flow direction is caused by less effective intervening confining units, the aquifers being closer to the land surface, and the rivers at lower altitudes farther upstream in the vicinity of the North Carolina/South Carolina State line.
Water-level declines in the Cretaceous aquifers have occurred throughout much of the eastern part of the Coastal Plain of South Carolina due to pumpage in the Myrtle Beach and Florence areas. Large areally extensive water-level declines have also occurred in the Floridan aquifer system in South Carolina due to pumpage in the Savannah, Georgia area.
No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Rondorf, D., Dutchuk, M., Kolok, A., and Gross, M., 1985, Bioenergetics of juvenile salmon during the spring outmigration.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4d6e4b0fa1e59bc1ede","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":662543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dutchuk, M.S.","contributorId":179083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dutchuk","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolok, A.S.","contributorId":179084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolok","given":"A.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gross, M.L.","contributorId":96628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70180834,"text":"70180834 - 1985 - Development of an effective transport media for juvenile spring Chinook salmon to mitigate stress and improve smolt survival during Columbia River fish hauling operations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T14:20:25","indexId":"70180834","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Development of an effective transport media for juvenile spring Chinook salmon to mitigate stress and improve smolt survival during Columbia River fish hauling operations","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Wedemeyer, G., Palmisano, A., and Salsbury, L., 1985, Development of an effective transport media for juvenile spring Chinook salmon to mitigate stress and improve smolt survival during Columbia River fish hauling operations.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4d6e4b0fa1e59bc1edc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedemeyer, Gary","contributorId":94244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedemeyer","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmisano, A.","contributorId":54368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmisano","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salsbury, L.","contributorId":179085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salsbury","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180826,"text":"70180826 - 1985 - Assessment of the fisheries and limnology in Lake F.D. Roosevelt, 1980-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T14:00:36","indexId":"70180826","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Assessment of the fisheries and limnology in Lake F.D. Roosevelt, 1980-1983","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Terrell, T., 1985, Assessment of the fisheries and limnology in Lake F.D. Roosevelt, 1980-1983.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4d6e4b0fa1e59bc1ee9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terrell, T.T.","contributorId":61871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrell","given":"T.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012774,"text":"70012774 - 1985 - A seismic-refraction profile across the San Andreas, Sargent, and Calaveras faults, west-central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-29T15:27:51.981468","indexId":"70012774","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A seismic-refraction profile across the San Andreas, Sargent, and Calaveras faults, west-central California","docAbstract":"In 1981, the United States Geological Survey recorded a seismic-refraction profile across the southern Santa Cruz Mountains in west-central California to examine the shallow velocity structure of this seismogenic region. This 40-km-long profile, which consisted of three shotpoints, extended northeastward from near Watsonville, California, to Coyote Lake, crossing the San Andreas, Sargent, and Calaveras faults. This entire region is characterized by a highly heterogeneous upper crust. West of Watsonville, 1 km of alluvium with a velocity of 2.12 km/sec overlies a basement with a velocity 5.45 km/sec. The abrupt deepening of basement by 1.5 km just east of Watsonville at a subsurface fault suggests that the Zayante fault to the north and the Vergeles fault to the south are connected. The Tertiary sediment at the San Andreas fault is 2.5 km thick and has a velocity of 3.34 km/sec. The San Andreas fault is not marked by any distinctive seismic velocity features, whereas a 1-km-wide low velocity zone is found at both the Sargent and Calaveras faults. East of the Sargent fault, the basement surface forms a broad anticlinal structure, with velocities ranging from 5.4 to 6.0 km/sec. From the anticlinal crest, basement dips to the east beneath the Santa Clara Valley and reaches a maximum depth of 1 km on the east side; the overlying alluvium has a velocity of 2.7 km/sec. At the crest of the basement anticlinal structure, a vertical low-velocity zone coincident with exposed serpentine provides strong evidence of faulting.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0750010175","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Mooney, W.D., and Colburn, R.H., 1985, A seismic-refraction profile across the San Andreas, Sargent, and Calaveras faults, west-central California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 75, no. 1, p. 175-191, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0750010175.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/75/1/175/118661/A-seismic-refract"},{"id":221971,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.34924316406251,\n 36.40359962073253\n ],\n [\n -120.41839599609375,\n 36.40359962073253\n ],\n [\n -120.41839599609375,\n 37.17126017626408\n ],\n [\n -122.34924316406251,\n 37.17126017626408\n ],\n [\n -122.34924316406251,\n 36.40359962073253\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf2be4b0c8380cd8740e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colburn, Robert H.","contributorId":75275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colburn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012744,"text":"70012744 - 1985 - The near-source strong-motion accelerograms recorded by an experimental array in Tangshan, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-13T13:31:11","indexId":"70012744","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3071,"text":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The near-source strong-motion accelerograms recorded by an experimental array in Tangshan, China","docAbstract":"A joint research project on strong-motion earthquake studies between the People's Republic of China and the United States is in progress. As a part of this project, an experimental strong-motion array, consisting of twelve Kinemetrics PDR-1 Digital Event Recorders, was deployed in the meizoseismal area of the Ms = 7.8 Tangshan earthquake of July 28, 1976. These instruments have automatic gain ranging, a specified dynamic range of 102 dB, a 2.5 s pre-event memory, programmable triggering, and are equipped with TCG-1B Time Code Generators with a stability of 3 parts in 107 over a range of 0-50??C. In 2 y of operation beginning July, 1982 a total of 603 near-source 3-component accelerograms were gathered from 243 earthquakes of magnitude ML = 1.2-5.3. Most of these accelerograms have recorded the initial P-wave. The configuration of the experimental array and a representative set of near-source strong-motion accelerograms are presented in this paper. The set of accelerograms exhibited were obtained during the ML = 5.3 Lulong earthquake of October 19, 1982, when digital event recorders were triggered. The epicentral distances ranged from 4 to 41 km and the corresponding range of peak horizontal accelerations was 0.232g to 0.009g. A preliminary analysis of the data indicates that compared to motions in the western United States, the peak acceleration attenuates much more rapidly in the Tangshan area. The scaling of peak acceleration with magnitude, however, is similar in the two regions. Data at more distant sites are needed to confirm the more rapid attenuation. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0031-9201(85)90148-7","issn":"00319201","usgsCitation":"Peng, K., Xie, L., Li, S., Boore, D., Iwan, W., and Teng, T., 1985, The near-source strong-motion accelerograms recorded by an experimental array in Tangshan, China: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 38, no. 2-3, p. 92-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(85)90148-7.","startPage":"92","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267337,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(85)90148-7"},{"id":222496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae09e4b08c986b323ecd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, K.","contributorId":31909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xie, Lingtian","contributorId":65209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xie","given":"Lingtian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, S.","contributorId":41969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iwan, W.D.","contributorId":33848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwan","given":"W.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Teng, T.L.","contributorId":62749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teng","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70012731,"text":"70012731 - 1985 - Precambrian tholeiitic-dacitic rock-suites and Cambrian ultramafic rocks in the Pennine nappe system of the Alps: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotopes and rare earth elements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:02","indexId":"70012731","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precambrian tholeiitic-dacitic rock-suites and Cambrian ultramafic rocks in the Pennine nappe system of the Alps: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotopes and rare earth elements","docAbstract":"Major element, trace element and Sm-Nd isotope analyses were made of polymetamorphic hornblendefelses, plagioclase amphibolites and banded amphibolites from the Berisal complex in the Simplon area (Italy, Switzerland) to determine their age, origin and genetic relationships. In light of major and rare earth element data, the hornblendefelses are inferred to have originally been pyroxene-rich cumulates, the plagioclase amphibolites and the dark layers of the banded amphibolites to have been tholeiitic basalts and the light layers dacites. The Sm-Nd isotope data yield isochron ages of 475??81 Ma for the hornblendefelses, 1,018??59 Ma for the plagioclase amphibolites and 1,071??43 Ma for the banded amphibolites. The 1 Ga magmatic event is the oldest one ever found in the crystalline basement of the Pennine nappes. The Sm -Nd isotope data support the consanguinity of the tholeiitic dark layers and the dacitic light layers of the banded amphibolites with the tholeiitic plagioclase amphibolites and the ultramafic hornblendefelses. The initial e{open}Nd values indicate that all three rock types originated from sources depleted in light rare earth elements. We suggest that plagioclase and banded amphibolites were a Proterozoic tholeiite-dacite sequence that was strongly deformed and flattened during subsequent folding. The hornblendefelses are thought to be Cambrian intrusions of pyroxene-rich material. ?? 1985 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00379452","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Stille, P., and Tatsumoto, M., 1985, Precambrian tholeiitic-dacitic rock-suites and Cambrian ultramafic rocks in the Pennine nappe system of the Alps: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotopes and rare earth elements: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 89, no. 2-3, p. 184-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00379452.","startPage":"184","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205225,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379452"},{"id":222321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8108e4b0c8380cd7b324","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stille, P.","contributorId":70113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stille","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tatsumoto, M.","contributorId":76798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatsumoto","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012777,"text":"70012777 - 1985 - Linear inversion of transmitted acoustic wave fields for three-dimensional modulus and density perturbations using a born-type approximation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-29T15:20:05.802651","indexId":"70012777","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linear inversion of transmitted acoustic wave fields for three-dimensional modulus and density perturbations using a born-type approximation","docAbstract":"A Born approximation is used to linearize the relationship, in the horizontal-wavenumber and frequency domains, between lateral perturbations of modulus and density in a layered half-space and the acoustic wave field observed at the surface when a plane wave is incident from below. The resulting equations can be used to perform a linear inversion of observed acoustic wave fields to obtain lateral perturbations in modulus and density. Since modulus and density effects are separated, gravity observations can be included in the inversion procedure without any assumptions about the relationship between density and acoustic velocity. Tests with synthetic data sets reveal that the inversion method gives useful results when the spatial scales of the inhomogeneities are smaller than several acoustic wavelengths. The inclusion of gravity observations in the inversion reduces the strong negative tradeoff between modulus and density perturbations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0750010093","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Stauber, D.A., 1985, Linear inversion of transmitted acoustic wave fields for three-dimensional modulus and density perturbations using a born-type approximation: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 75, no. 1, p. 93-114, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0750010093.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222037,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40e6e4b0c8380cd65118","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauber, Douglas A.","contributorId":90870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauber","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012735,"text":"70012735 - 1985 - A new look at deep-sea video","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-25T15:48:41.459674","indexId":"70012735","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1369,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new look at deep-sea video","docAbstract":"A deep-towed photographic system with completely self-contained recording instrumentation and power can obtain color-video and still-photographic transects along rough terrane without need for a long electrically conducting cable. Both the video- and still-camera systems utilize relatively inexpensive and proven off-the-shelf hardware adapted for deep-water environments. The small instrument frame makes the towed sled an ideal photographic tool for use on ship or small-boat operations.
The system includes a temperature probe and altimeter that relay data acoustically from the sled to the surface ship. This relay enables the operator to monitor simultaneously water temperature and the precise height off the bottom.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0198-0149(85)90057-3","usgsCitation":"Chezar, H., and Lee, J., 1985, A new look at deep-sea video: Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 32, no. 11, p. 1429-1436, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(85)90057-3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1429","endPage":"1436","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4a4e4b0c8380cd467cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chezar, H.","contributorId":52321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chezar","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, J.","contributorId":58596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012746,"text":"70012746 - 1985 - Ages of tuff beds at East African early hominid sites and sediments in the Gulf of Aden","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:06","indexId":"70012746","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ages of tuff beds at East African early hominid sites and sediments in the Gulf of Aden","docAbstract":"The early hominids of East Africa were dated by determining the ages of tuff beds at the sites. Despite much research using palaeomagnetic and K/Ar-dating techniques, some of those ages are still controversial 1,2. To obtain independent age estimates for these tephra layers, we have examined cores from DSDP Sites 231 and 232 in the Gulf of Aden (Fig. 1a) which consist mainly of calcareous nannofossil ooze, but also contain rare tephra horizons3 dated by interpolation from the established nannofossil stratigraphy (Fig. 1b). Chemical analysis confirms that the identity and sequence of these horizons is the same as that at the East African sites. We conclude that the age of the Tulu Bor Tuff is <3.4 Myr and hence that the Hadar hominid specimens are also The effect of temperate glaciers on runoff variations is examined for the North Cascade Mountains of Washington State. The principal influences of glaciers on streamflow are often unexpected contributions to streamflow volume, a delay of the maximum seasonal flow, and a decrease in annual and monthly variation of runoff. The delay of maximum flow is caused by temporary englacial storage of spring meltwater and by peak meltwater production occurring in midsummer. The englacial storage, for one case, is 54% of the potential May runoff. An algorithm is presented that calculates the coefficient of variation of runoff for any arbitrary glacier cover. The results suggest that a minimum in year-to-year variation occurs for basins about 36% glacierized. On a month-to-month basis, maximum variation occurs in July and August for basins with less than 10% glacier cover but is a minimum for basins with glacier covers greater than 30%.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i004p00579","usgsCitation":"Fountain, A.G., and Tangborn, W.V., 1985, The effect of glaciers on streamflow variations: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 4, p. 579-586, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i004p00579.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"586","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab2ce4b08c986b322c89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fountain, Andrew G.","contributorId":10410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fountain","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":364591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tangborn, Wendell V.","contributorId":32152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangborn","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012742,"text":"70012742 - 1985 - Depositional Relations of Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene), Southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T16:31:10.379486","indexId":"70012742","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional Relations of Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene), Southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"Studies of the depositional relations of the Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene) in southwestern Oregon indicate a need for reassessing the correlations and currently used terminology. The Umpqua Formation (as herein restricted) consists of as much as 10,000 ft (3,000 m) of mudstone, sandstone, and conglomerate of nonmarine to deep marine origin. A basaltic basement that underlies the sedimentary rocks in most of the area and was formerly included in the Umpqua is herein considered a separate unit and assigned to the Siletz River Volcanics. A proposal to subdivide the Umpqua into three unconformity-bounded formations (in ascending order: Roseburg, Lookingglass, and Flournoy Formations) in the area west of Roseburg, Oregon, is not recognized in this report because of quest onable correlations and limited extent of some units. Foremost of these questionable correlations is that of the Flournoy Formation with rocks formerly assigned to the Tyee Formation in areas as far north as the latitude of Salem, Oregon. My investigations of depositional facies and lithologic criteria do not substantiate this correlation.
The Tyee Formation, which conformably overlies the Umpqua, is a predominantly sandstone unit about 6,000 ft (1,800 m) thick, deposited in environments ranging from shallow marine and nonmarine deltaic on the south, to slope and deep marine basinal to the north. Deposition across the Umpqua-Tyee boundary contact represents a change in tectonic setting from active plate margin of the Umpqua to more stable marginal basin deposition of the Tyee. This change is also reflected in a change in provenance as indicated by the characteristic arkosic and micaceous aspects of Tyee sandstones.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/AD462BB9-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Molenaar, C.M., 1985, Depositional Relations of Umpqua and Tyee Formations (Eocene), Southwestern Oregon: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 69, no. 8, p. 1217-1229, https://doi.org/10.1306/AD462BB9-16F7-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1217","endPage":"1229","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Umpqua and Tyee Formations","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.61573884056492,\n 44.09401586800607\n ],\n [\n -124.61573884056492,\n 42.38533872872969\n ],\n [\n -121.9551006063869,\n 42.38533872872969\n ],\n [\n -121.9551006063869,\n 44.09401586800607\n ],\n [\n -124.61573884056492,\n 44.09401586800607\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd40e4b0c8380cd4e705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molenaar, C. M.","contributorId":77904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molenaar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012982,"text":"70012982 - 1985 - Thickness of ice on perennially frozen lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70012982","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thickness of ice on perennially frozen lakes","docAbstract":"The dry valleys of southern Victoria Land, constituting the largest ice-free expanse in the Antarctic, contain numerous lakes whose perennial ice cover is the cause of some unique physical and biological properties 1-3. Although the depth, temperature and salinity of the liquid water varies considerably from lake to lake, the thickness of the ice cover is remarkably consistent1, ranging from 3.5 to 6m, which is determined primarily by the balance between conduction of energy out of the ice and the release of latent heat at the ice-water interface and is also affected by the transmission and absorption of sunlight. In the steady state, the release of latent heat at the ice bottom is controlled by ablation from the ice surface. Here we present a simple energy-balance model, using the measured ablation rate of 30 cm yr-1, which can explain the observed ice thickness. ?? 1985 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/313561a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"McKay, C., Clow, G., Wharton, R., and Squyres, S.W., 1985, Thickness of ice on perennially frozen lakes: Nature, v. 313, no. 6003, p. 561-562, https://doi.org/10.1038/313561a0.","startPage":"561","endPage":"562","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205017,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/313561a0"},{"id":220226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"313","issue":"6003","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb2a9e4b08c986b32593d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKay, C.P.","contributorId":41122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clow, G.D.","contributorId":46112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wharton, R.A. Jr.","contributorId":56795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wharton","given":"R.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1015392,"text":"1015392 - 1985 - [Book review] The freshwater aquaculture book, by W. O. McLarney","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-18T17:16:15","indexId":"1015392","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] The freshwater aquaculture book, by W. O. McLarney","docAbstract":"Review of: The freshwater aquaculture book: W. O. McLarney; 1984; Hartley and Mathes, Inc; Point Roberts, Washington","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","collaboration":"None/SE","usgsCitation":"Geiger, J.G., 1985, [Book review] The freshwater aquaculture book, by W. O. McLarney: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 47, no. 2, p. 133-134.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65daa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geiger, J. G.","contributorId":29340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geiger","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012877,"text":"70012877 - 1985 - Variations in tilt rate and harmonic tremor amplitude during the January-August 1983 east rift eruptions of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:06","indexId":"70012877","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in tilt rate and harmonic tremor amplitude during the January-August 1983 east rift eruptions of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"During January-August 1983, a network of telemetered tiltmeters and seismometers recorded detailed temporal changes associated with seven major eruptive phases along the east rift of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. Each eruptive phase was accompanied by subsidence of the summit region and followed by reinflation of the summit to approximately the same level before renewal of eruptive activity. The cyclic summit tilt pattern and the absence of measurable tilt changes near the eruptive site suggest that conditions in the summit region controlled the timing of the last six eruptive phases. The rate of summit subsidence progressively increased from one eruptive phase to the next during the last six phases; the amplitude of harmonic tremor increased during the last four phases. The increases in subsidence rate and in tremor amplitude suggest that frequent periods of magma movement have reduced the flow resistance of the conduit system between the summit and the rift zone. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Dvorak, J., and Okamura, A., 1985, Variations in tilt rate and harmonic tremor amplitude during the January-August 1983 east rift eruptions of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 25, no. 3-4, p. 249-258.","startPage":"249","endPage":"258","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc191e4b08c986b32a656","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dvorak, J.J.","contributorId":52597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dvorak","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okamura, A.T.","contributorId":70400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okamura","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81520,"text":"81520 - 1985 - Genetics, minimum population size and the island reserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:01","indexId":"81520","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Genetics, minimum population size and the island reserve","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaii's Terrestrial Ecosystems Preservation and Management. (based on Genetics and Conservation 1983)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii Press","publisherLocation":"Honolulu, HI","usgsCitation":"Schonewald-Cox, C., 1985, Genetics, minimum population size and the island reserve, chap. of Hawaii's Terrestrial Ecosystems Preservation and Management. (based on Genetics and Conservation 1983), p. 432-458.","productDescription":"p. 432-458","startPage":"432","endPage":"458","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aea2d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stone, C.","contributorId":23698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504194,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, M.","contributorId":62173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504195,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Schonewald-Cox, C.","contributorId":91433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schonewald-Cox","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012951,"text":"70012951 - 1985 - Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - a synopsis.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012951","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - a synopsis.","docAbstract":"A tin greisen deposit is associated with an alkali-feldspar granite that forms part of a ring complex at Jabal as Silsilah. The petrological and geochemical characteristics of the Fawwarah alkali-feldspar granite resemble those of granites located elsewhere that are also associated with deposits of Sn, W and rare metals. The alkali-feldspar granite is peraluminous, incompatible trace-element-enriched, and is characterized by a flat chondrite-normalized REE pattern that includes a very large, negative Eu anomaly. The distinctive mineralogy of the alkali-feldspar granite includes zinnwaldite and topaz. Differentiation and mineral fractionation controlled magma evolution while components of the ring complex were sequentially emplaced. Evolution of the ring complex and its associated tin deposit concluded with local, intense alteration of the Fawwarah alkali-feldspar granite to a cassiterite-bearing greisen. Samples of greisens suggest that the locus of economic tin deposits is not restricted to the two known, strongly mineralized greisens.-J.A.Z.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Bray, D., 1985, Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - a synopsis.: American Mineralogist, v. 70, no. 11-12, p. 1075-1086.","startPage":"1075","endPage":"1086","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"11-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2688e4b0c8380cd5913f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bray, du","contributorId":28749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bray","given":"du","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1017048,"text":"1017048 - 1985 - Influence on non-aromatizable androgens and aromatase inhibition on sex determination in channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:34","indexId":"1017048","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"seriesTitle":{"id":463,"text":"American Zoologist","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":18}},"title":"Influence on non-aromatizable androgens and aromatase inhibition on sex determination in channel catfish","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Zoologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"87-118/SE","usgsCitation":"Davis, K.B., Simco, B., Goudie, C.A., and Snellgrove, R., 1985, Influence on non-aromatizable androgens and aromatase inhibition on sex determination in channel catfish, in American Zoologist, v. 25, no. 4.","productDescription":"115A p.","startPage":"115A","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee574","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, K. B.","contributorId":83869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simco, B.A.","contributorId":101216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simco","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goudie, C. A.","contributorId":97851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goudie","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snellgrove, R.","contributorId":34095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snellgrove","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012916,"text":"70012916 - 1985 - PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS DUE TO TEMPERATURE: EFFECTS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012916","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS DUE TO TEMPERATURE: EFFECTS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE.","docAbstract":"The change in permeability with time of granite, quartzite, anorthosite and gabbro was measured while these rocks were subjected to a temperature gradient. Permeability reductions of up to two orders of magnitude were observed, with the greatest reactions occurring in the quartzite. These changes are thought to be caused by dissolution of minerals at high temperatures, and redeposition of the dissolved material at lower temperatures. Quartz appears to be an important mineral in this self-sealing process. If very low permeability is desired around a nuclear waste repository in crystalline rocks, then a quartz-rich rock may be the most appropriate host.","largerWorkTitle":"Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management VIII. Held as part of the Fall Meeting of the Materials Research Society.","conferenceLocation":"Boston, MA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Materials Research Soc","publisherLocation":"Pittsburgh, PA, USA","issn":"02729172","isbn":"093183709X","usgsCitation":"Morrow, C., Moore, D., and Byerlee, J., 1985, PERMEABILITY CHANGES IN CRYSTALLINE ROCKS DUE TO TEMPERATURE: EFFECTS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE., in Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings, v. 44, Boston, MA, USA, p. 467-474.","startPage":"467","endPage":"474","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222331,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7348e4b0c8380cd76f53","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jantzen Carol M.Stone John A.Ewing Rodney C.","contributorId":128428,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Jantzen Carol M.Stone John A.Ewing Rodney C.","id":536258,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Morrow, C.A.","contributorId":99977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Diane E. 0000-0002-8641-1075","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-1075","contributorId":106496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Diane E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byerlee, J.D.","contributorId":69982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerlee","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012952,"text":"70012952 - 1985 - Overview of hydrologic-data collection by the US Geological Survey in Oklahoma.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:05","indexId":"70012952","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2944,"text":"Oklahoma Geology Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Overview of hydrologic-data collection by the US Geological Survey in Oklahoma.","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey (USGS) collects hydrologic data from 1332 stream, lake, and ground-water sites in Oklahoma. Information on the quantity of water from a network of 123 streamflow stations, 30 lakes, 42 peak-flow stations, three low-flow stations, and on the quality of water from 40 stream locations is published each year in the USGS publication Water Resources Data for Oklahoma. Information on water levels from 1134 ground-water wells is currently published in cooperation with the State of Oklahoma in the USGS publication Ground-Water Levels in Observation Wells in Oklahoma. The data also are made available to the public as printouts from several computerized databases maintained by the USGS. -Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oklahoma Geology Notes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00301736","usgsCitation":"Hauth, L., 1985, Overview of hydrologic-data collection by the US Geological Survey in Oklahoma.: Oklahoma Geology Notes, v. 45, no. 4, p. 149-161.","startPage":"149","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a720ee4b0c8380cd768d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hauth, L.D.","contributorId":48551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauth","given":"L.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012989,"text":"70012989 - 1985 - A quantitative analysis of the Lassen hydrothermal system, north central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T18:09:27","indexId":"70012989","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A quantitative analysis of the Lassen hydrothermal system, north central California","docAbstract":"Our conceptual model of the Lassen system is termed a liquid-dominated hydrothermal system with a parasitic vapor-dominated zone. The essential feature of this model is that steam and steam-heated discharge at relatively high altitudes in Lassen Volcanic National Park (LVNP) and liquid discharge with high chloride concentrations at relatively low altitudes outside LVNP are both fed by an upflow of high-enthalpy two-phase fluid within the Park. Liquid flows laterally away from the upflow area toward the areas of high-chloride discharge, and steam rises through a vapor-dominated zone to feed the steam and steam-heated features. Numerical simulations show that several conditions are necessary for the development of this type of system, including (1) large-scale topographic relief; (2) an initial period of convective heating within an upflow zone followed by (3) a change in hydrologic or geologic conditions that initiates drainage of liquid from portions of the upflow zone; and (4) low-permeability barriers that inhibit the movement of cold water into the vapor zone. Simulations of thermal fluid withdrawal south of LVNP, carried out in order to determine the effects of such withdrawal on portions of the hydrothermal system within the Park, generally showed decreases in pressure and liquid saturation beneath the vapor zone which resulted in temporary increases and subsequent decreases in the rate of upflow of steam. A generalized production-injection scenario that could mitigate the effects of development on both the high-chloride and steam-fed features was identified.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i006p00853","usgsCitation":"Ingebritsen, S.E., and Sorey, M., 1985, A quantitative analysis of the Lassen hydrothermal system, north central California: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 6, p. 853-868, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i006p00853.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"868","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen hydrothermal system","volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9071e4b0c8380cd7fd3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014171,"text":"1014171 - 1985 - Succession patterns of zooplankton in fertilized culture ponds without fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T19:07:43.519817","indexId":"1014171","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Succession patterns of zooplankton in fertilized culture ponds without fish","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1985)47%3C183:SPOZIF%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Parmley, D.C., and Geiger, J.G., 1985, Succession patterns of zooplankton in fertilized culture ponds without fish: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 47, no. 3, p. 183-186, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1985)47%3C183:SPOZIF%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131944,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db69992d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parmley, D. C.","contributorId":50112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parmley","given":"D.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geiger, J. G.","contributorId":29340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geiger","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}