Many environmental contaminants are hazardous to populations of wild birds. Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides and industrial pollutants are thought to be responsible for population declines of several species of predatory birds through eggshell thinning. Studies have demonstrated that these contaminants have estrogenic potency and may affect the functioning of the gonadal and thyroidal endocrine subsystems. Petroleum crude oil exerts toxicity externally, by oiling of plumage, and internally, by way of ingestion of oil while feeding or preening. Extensive ultrastructural damage to the inner zone of the adrenal, diminished adrenal responsiveness to adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and reduced corticosterone secretion rate suggest that low levels of plasma corticosterone reflect a direct effect of petroleum on the adrenal gland. Suppressive effects of oil on the ovary and decreases in circulating prolactin have been associated with impaired reproductive function. Large-scale field studies of free-living seabirds have confirmed some of the inhibitory effects of oil on reproduction that have been observed in laboratory studies. Organophosphorus insecticides, representing the most widely used class of pesticides in North America, have been shown to impair reproductive function, possibly by altering secretion of luteinizing hormone and progesterone. Relevant areas of future research on the effects of contaminants on avian endocrine function are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jez.1402320337","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., Eroschenko, V., Fox, G., Fry, D., and Gorsline, J., 1984, Avian endocrine responses to environmental pollutants: Journal of Experimental Zoology, v. 232, no. 3, p. 683-689, https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402320337.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"689","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198095,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"232","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64af3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eroschenko, V.P.","contributorId":46652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eroschenko","given":"V.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fox, G.A.","contributorId":17725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fry, D.M.","contributorId":90693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fry","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gorsline, J.","contributorId":30307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorsline","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5221916,"text":"5221916 - 1984 - Reproduction by an altricial songbird, the red-winged blackbird, in fields treated with the organophosphate insecticide fenthion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-01T17:00:29.314462","indexId":"5221916","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:26","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproduction by an altricial songbird, the red-winged blackbird, in fields treated with the organophosphate insecticide fenthion","docAbstract":"(1) Breeding red-winged blackbirds were used as a model to study the effects of a single application of an organophosphate insecticide, fenthion, on reproduction of altricial songbirds.
(2) The insecticide had no significant effect on frequency of nest abandonment, clutch size, hatching success, or fledgling success.
(3) Growth rates of young nestlings were lower in nests on one of two treated areas, but overall growth rates of survivors were not significantly different from controls in nests on nearby unsprayed areas.
(4) The insecticide had no measured effect on male spatial organization.
(5) Measures of abundance of the principal nestling food item, noctuid larvae, showed that one application of the insecticide significantly reduced the abundance of the food supply, but the reduction of food supply did not result in a decrease in nestling growth rates or fledgling success.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.2307/2403038","issn":"00218901","usgsCitation":"Powell, G., 1984, Reproduction by an altricial songbird, the red-winged blackbird, in fields treated with the organophosphate insecticide fenthion: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 21, no. 1, p. 83-95, https://doi.org/10.2307/2403038.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193768,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Albany County","city":"Laramie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.7489013671875,\n 41.13729606112276\n ],\n [\n -105.48660278320312,\n 41.13729606112276\n ],\n [\n -105.48660278320312,\n 41.33454482366021\n ],\n [\n -105.7489013671875,\n 41.33454482366021\n ],\n [\n -105.7489013671875,\n 41.13729606112276\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62cc08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, G.V.N.","contributorId":23894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"G.V.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221915,"text":"5221915 - 1984 - Comparative toxicity of acephate in laboratory mice, white-footed mice, and meadow voles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T16:22:46.30737","indexId":"5221915","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:26","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative toxicity of acephate in laboratory mice, white-footed mice, and meadow voles","docAbstract":"The LD50 (95% confidence limits) of the organophosphorus insecticide acephate was estimated to be 351, 380, and 321 mg/kg (295–416, 280–516, and 266–388 mg/kg) for CD-1 laboratory mice (Mus musculus), white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis), and meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus), respectively. In a second study, these species were provided mash containing 0, 25, 100, and 400 ppm acephate for five days. Brain and plasma cholinesterase activities were reduced in a dose-dependent manner to a similar extent in the three species (inhibition of brain acetyl-cholinesterase averaged for each species ranged from 13 to 22% at 25 ppm, 33 to 42% at 100 ppm, and 56 to 57% at 400 ppm). Mash intake, body or liver weight, plasma enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase), hepatic enzyme activities (aniline hydroxylase, 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, and glutathione S-transferase), and cytochrome content (P-450 and b5) were not affected by acephate ingestion, although values differed among species. In a third experiment, mice and voles received 400 ppm acephate for 5 days followed by untreated food for up to 2 weeks. Mean inhibition of brain acetylcholin-esterase for the three species ranged from 47 to 58% on day 5, but by days 12 and 19, activity had recovered to 66 to 76% and 81 to 88% of concurrent control values. These findings indicate that CD-1 laboratory mice, white-footed mice, and meadow voles are equally sensitive to acephate when maintained under uniform laboratory conditions. Several factors (e.g., behavior, food preference, habitat) could affect routes and degree of exposure in the field, thereby rendering some species of wild rodents ecologically more vulnerable to organophosphorus insecticides.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01056263","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., and Hoffman, D.J., 1984, Comparative toxicity of acephate in laboratory mice, white-footed mice, and meadow voles: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 13, no. 4, p. 483-491, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01056263.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"491","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193767,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae47b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":335009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221914,"text":"5221914 - 1984 - Methyl parathion and fenvalerate toxicity in American kestrels: Acute physiological responses and effects of cold","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:03:58","indexId":"5221914","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:26","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1174,"text":"Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methyl parathion and fenvalerate toxicity in American kestrels: Acute physiological responses and effects of cold","docAbstract":"Physiological and toxicological effects of p.o. methyl parathion (0.375-3.0 mg/kg) or fenvalerate (1000-4000 mg/kg) were examined over a 10-h period in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) maintained in thermoneutral (22?C) and cold (-5?C) environments. Methyl parathion was highly toxic (estimated median lethal dose of 3.08 mg/kg, 95% confidence limits of 2.29 -4.14 mg/kg), producing dose-dependent inhibition of brain and plasma cholinesterase activity, hyperglycemia, and elevated plasma corticosterone concentration. Brain and plasma cholinesterase inhibition in excess of 50% was associated with transient but pronounced hypothermia 2 h after intubation, although the magnitude of this response was yariable. Fenvalerate, at doses far exceeding those encountered in the environment, caused mild intoxication and elevated plasma alanine aminotransferase activity. Cold intensified methyl parathion toxicity, but did not affect that of fenvalerate. Thus, it would appear that organophosphorus insecticides pose far greater hazard than pyrethroids to raptorial birds.","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/y84-129","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., and Franson, J.C., 1984, Methyl parathion and fenvalerate toxicity in American kestrels: Acute physiological responses and effects of cold: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, v. 62, no. 7, p. 787-792, https://doi.org/10.1139/y84-129.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"787","endPage":"792","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a56e4b07f02db62d61b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223693,"text":"5223693 - 1984 - Trimorphodon biscutatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:43","indexId":"5223693","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:26","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1196,"text":"Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trimorphodon biscutatus","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Scott, N., and McDiarmid, R., 1984, Trimorphodon biscutatus: Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles, v. 353, p. 1-4.","productDescription":"1-4","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"353","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db6246a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, N.J. Jr.","contributorId":8407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"N.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDiarmid, R.W.","contributorId":15130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223692,"text":"5223692 - 1984 - Trimorphodon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:43","indexId":"5223692","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:26","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1196,"text":"Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trimorphodon","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Scott, N., and McDiarmid, R., 1984, Trimorphodon: Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles, v. 352, p. 1-2.","productDescription":"1-2","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"352","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db624602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, N.J. Jr.","contributorId":8407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"N.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDiarmid, R.W.","contributorId":15130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221923,"text":"5221923 - 1984 - Observer visitation frequency and success of mourning dove nests: A field experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T10:17:57","indexId":"5221923","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observer visitation frequency and success of mourning dove nests: A field experiment","docAbstract":"Field studies of nesting success generally require visits by the investigator to the nests under study. Such visits may themselves influence nesting success, however, and this possibility has been discussed and investigated by a number of workers with a variety of bird species. Livezey (1980) reviewed the relevant literature for duck nests and noted that most studies failed to demonstrate differences in nesting success between visited nests and those not visited. Livezey (1980) found in his own work that nest abandonment may have occurred as a result of disturbance by observers but that nest predation was not related to time spent by observers at nests or number of observers approaching nests. Various components of nesting and breeding success in seabirds are thought to be adversely affected by human disturbance and nest visitation (Gillett et al. 1975, Robert and Ralph 1975, Ollason and Dunnet 1980). Upland, ground-nesting species have also been studied (e.g. Stoddard 1931, Evans and Wolfe 1967, Henry 1969, Roseberry and Klimstra 1970, Klimstra and Roseberry 1975), and, although conclusions have varied, a number of these workers found no effect of observers on nest-predation rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Percival, H., Coon, R., Conroy, M., Hensler, G.L., and Hines, J., 1984, Observer visitation frequency and success of mourning dove nests: A field experiment: The Auk, v. 101, no. 2, p. 398-402.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"402","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341257,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4086381"},{"id":197424,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6963c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Percival, H.F.","contributorId":31716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coon, R.A.","contributorId":43060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hensler, Gary L.","contributorId":23111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensler","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":335037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5221930,"text":"5221930 - 1984 - Age-specific productivity and nest site characteristics of Cooper's hawks (Accipiter cooperii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:51","indexId":"5221930","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age-specific productivity and nest site characteristics of Cooper's hawks (Accipiter cooperii)","docAbstract":"Nesting Cooper's Hawks (Accipiter cooperii) were studied in northeastern Oregon. Second-year (SY) males did not breed, but 22 percent of the breeding females were SY's. Mean clutch size (P = 0.012) and mean number of young fledged per pair that laid eggs (P < 0.10) were lower for SY females than for adult (after second year [ASY}) females; however, an equal percentage of the eggs (excluding a collected sample egg) yielded fledged young for each age class. Stepwise discriminant analysis suggested differences in structural characteristics of the nest site habitat for ASY and SY females, i.e., SY female nest sites were associated with younger successional stages than ASY female nest sites. Nests of both age groups were built in trees with high crown volume, but ASY females utilized mistletoe (Arceuthobium sp.) for nest structures more frequently (P < 0.01) than SY females.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"3049_Moore.pdf","usgsCitation":"Moore, K., and Henny, C.J., 1984, Age-specific productivity and nest site characteristics of Cooper's hawks (Accipiter cooperii): Northwest Science, v. 58, no. 4, p. 290-299.","productDescription":"290-299","startPage":"290","endPage":"299","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18308,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.vetmed.wsu.edu/org_NWS/NWSci%20journal%20articles/1984%20files/Issue%204/v58%20p290%20Moore%20and%20Henny.PDF","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":197440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, K.R.","contributorId":11718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221917,"text":"5221917 - 1984 - The Pan American Shorebird Program: A Progress Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:49","indexId":"5221917","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3704,"text":"Wader Study Group Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Pan American Shorebird Program: A Progress Report","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wader Study Group Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"3054_Myers.pdf","usgsCitation":"Myers, J., Castro, G., Harrington, B., Howe, M., Maron, J., Ortiz, E., Sallaberry, M., Schick, C., and Tablio, E., 1984, The Pan American Shorebird Program: A Progress Report: Wader Study Group Bulletin, v. No. 42, p. 26-30.","productDescription":"26-30","startPage":"26","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18312,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/IWSGB/n042/p00026-p00030.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"No. 42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ae71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, J.P.","contributorId":92615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castro, G.","contributorId":16535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrington, B.","contributorId":17947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrington","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howe, M.","contributorId":41106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maron, J.","contributorId":60346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maron","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ortiz, E.","contributorId":75247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sallaberry, M.","contributorId":68427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallaberry","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schick, C.T.","contributorId":55108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schick","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tablio, E.","contributorId":37444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tablio","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":5221913,"text":"5221913 - 1984 - The use of auxiliary variables in capture-recapture and removal experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-06T12:55:02.114418","indexId":"5221913","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of auxiliary variables in capture-recapture and removal experiments","docAbstract":"The dependence of animal capture probabilities on auxiliary variables is an important practical problem which has not been considered in the development of estimation procedures for capture-recapture and removal experiments. In this paper the linear logistic binary regression model is used to relate the probability of capture to continuous auxiliary variables. The auxiliary variables could be environmental quantities such as air or water temperature, or characteristics of individual animals, such as body length or weight. Maximum likelihood estimators of the population parameters are considered for a variety of models which all assume a closed population. Testing between models is also considered. The models can also be used when one auxiliary variable is a measure of the effort expended in obtaining the sample.","language":"English","publisher":"International Biometric Society","doi":"10.2307/2531386","usgsCitation":"Pollock, K.H., Hines, J., and Nichols, J., 1984, The use of auxiliary variables in capture-recapture and removal experiments: Biometrics, v. 40, no. 2, p. 329-340, https://doi.org/10.2307/2531386.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"340","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197421,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602ba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":335005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221926,"text":"5221926 - 1984 - Home-range formation and dispersal of deer in northeastern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-01T11:21:43.261736","indexId":"5221926","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home-range formation and dispersal of deer in northeastern Minnesota","docAbstract":"Eleven white-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus) does and their offspring (10 male and 6 female fawns) were radio-tracked for up to 56 months (2,725 total deer locations) in Minnesota's Superior National Forest from November 1974 through August 1983. All fawns wintered in yards with their does and migrated in spring to their does' summer ranges where they then separated from the does. By 17 months of age, seven males had established new summer ranges up to 9.6 km away, whereas the other three used the same summer ranges as their does, up to at least 29 months of age. One male established a new winter range, but six others continued to use the winter ranges of their does. The female fawns used the same summer range as their does, or areas immediately adjacent, and migrated to and from the same winter ranges, some with their does, for up to 3 years of age. The one female that we followed beyond this age migrated separately to and from the same winter yard during her fifth year. The data fit a hypothesis that non-incestuous inbreeding is common in vertebrates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1380839","usgsCitation":"Nelson, M., and Mech, L., 1984, Home-range formation and dispersal of deer in northeastern Minnesota: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 65, no. 4, p. 567-575, https://doi.org/10.2307/1380839.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"575","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194153,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62beb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, M.E.","contributorId":102021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222484,"text":"5222484 - 1984 - The use of a robust capture-recapture design in small mammal population studies: A field example with Microtus pennsylvanicus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-08T17:38:26","indexId":"5222484","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":648,"text":"Acta Theriologica","onlineIssn":"2190-3743","printIssn":"0001-7051","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The use of a robust capture-recapture design in small mammal population studies: A field example with Microtus pennsylvanicus","title":"The use of a robust capture-recapture design in small mammal population studies: A field example with Microtus pennsylvanicus","docAbstract":"The robust design of Pollock (1982) was used to estimate parameters of a Maryland M. pennsylvanicus population. Closed model tests provided strong evidence of heterogeneity of capture probability, and model M eta (Otis et al., 1978) was selected as the most appropriate model for estimating population size. The Jolly-Seber model goodness-of-fit test indicated rejection of the model for this data set, and the M eta estimates of population size were all higher than the Jolly-Seber estimates. Both of these results are consistent with the evidence of heterogeneous capture probabilities. The authors thus used M eta estimates of population size, Jolly-Seber estimates of survival rate, and estimates of birth-immigration based on a combination of the population size and survival rate estimates. Advantages of the robust design estimates for certain inference procedures are discussed, and the design is recommended for future small mammal capture-recapture studies directed at estimation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Polska Akademia Nauk","doi":"10.4098/AT.arch.84-34","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J.D., Pollock, K.H., and Hines, J., 1984, The use of a robust capture-recapture design in small mammal population studies: A field example with Microtus pennsylvanicus: Acta Theriologica, v. 29, no. 30, p. 357-365, https://doi.org/10.4098/AT.arch.84-34.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"365","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480187,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4098/at.arch.84-34","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":197295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351387,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=11103"}],"volume":"29","issue":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1984-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db6349e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":140652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":336359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollock, Kenneth H.","contributorId":8590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":336360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222485,"text":"5222485 - 1984 - Compensatory mortality in waterfowl populations: A review of the evidence and implications for research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:44","indexId":"5222485","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3638,"text":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compensatory mortality in waterfowl populations: A review of the evidence and implications for research and management","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Conroy, M., Anderson, D., and Burnham, K., 1984, Compensatory mortality in waterfowl populations: A review of the evidence and implications for research and management: Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, v. 49, p. 535-554.","productDescription":"535-554","startPage":"535","endPage":"554","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa2fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":8413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5221934,"text":"5221934 - 1984 - Recuperation of a severely debilitated wolf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-19T11:04:23.663523","indexId":"5221934","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recuperation of a severely debilitated wolf","docAbstract":"Opportunities are rare for determining the degree to which an animal can starve and still survive. Therefore we describe here an incident in which a wild wolf (Canis lupus) starved almost to death and was then restored to her former free-ranging state. The incident took place in northern Lake County, Minnesota
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-20.2.166","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., Seal, U., and Arthur, S., 1984, Recuperation of a severely debilitated wolf: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 20, no. 2, p. 166-168, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-20.2.166.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197441,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6353c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arthur, S.M.","contributorId":65195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221935,"text":"5221935 - 1984 - Radio-triggered anesthetic-dart collar for recapturing large mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5221935","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radio-triggered anesthetic-dart collar for recapturing large mammals","docAbstract":"A re-usable, radio-triggered, anesthetic-dart collar costing about $1,200 has been developed for recapturing large, free-ranging mammals. The collar was tested successfully on captive gray wolves, white-tailed deer, a mountain lion, a black bear, and a tiger, and on wild wolves, a bear, and deer after periods of up to 32 days. The main advantage of the capture collar is that it allows frequent recapture of individuals at will and thus enhances opportunities for new physiological monitoring of wild animals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., Chapman, R.C., Cochran, W., Simmons, L., and Seal, U., 1984, Radio-triggered anesthetic-dart collar for recapturing large mammals: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 12, no. 1, p. 69-74.","productDescription":"69-74","startPage":"69","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18304,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3781508","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649d70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Richard C.","contributorId":50234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cochran, W.W.","contributorId":12949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simmons, L.","contributorId":63497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5221931,"text":"5221931 - 1984 - Effects of the herbicide glyphosate on avian community structure in the Oregon coast range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:35","indexId":"5221931","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1688,"text":"Forest Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of the herbicide glyphosate on avian community structure in the Oregon coast range","docAbstract":"A study was conducted on vegetative changes induced by the herbicide glyphosate, and the resultant habitat use of birds nesting on two clearcuts in western Oregon. About 23 percent of total plant cover was initially damaged by aerial application of glyphosate. Most measures of vegetation on the treated site decreased relative to the untreated site 1 year after glyphosate application. By 2 years post-spray, vegetation on the treated site had recovered to near pre-spray status. No difference in density of the bird community was evident between treated and untreated sites during all years of study although individual species densities were modified. Several bird species decreased their use of shrub cover, and increased their use of deciduous trees 1 year after treatment. By 2 years post-spray, many species had returned to pre-spray use of most measured habitat components. Results indicated that application of glyphosate can modify the density and habitat use of birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Morrison, M., and Meslow, E.C., 1984, Effects of the herbicide glyphosate on avian community structure in the Oregon coast range: Forest Science, v. 30, no. 1, p. 95-106.","productDescription":"95-106","startPage":"95","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18310,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://saf.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/saf/fs/1984/00000030/00000001/art00016","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db6101d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, M.L.","contributorId":83624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meslow, E. Charles","contributorId":75100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meslow","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221924,"text":"5221924 - 1984 - Organochlorine residues in three heron species as related to diet and age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-31T11:29:44.178163","indexId":"5221924","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues in three heron species as related to diet and age","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01625574","usgsCitation":"Niethammer, K.R., Baskett, T., and White, D.H., 1984, Organochlorine residues in three heron species as related to diet and age: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 33, no. 4, p. 491-498, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01625574.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"491","endPage":"498","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196664,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niethammer, K. R.","contributorId":74832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niethammer","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baskett, T.S.","contributorId":83081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskett","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Donald H.","contributorId":97868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221918,"text":"5221918 - 1984 - Twin embryos in a peregrine falcon egg","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T14:41:07.478973","indexId":"5221918","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Twin embryos in a peregrine falcon egg","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1367013","usgsCitation":"Pattee, O.H., Mattox, W., and Seegar, W., 1984, Twin embryos in a peregrine falcon egg: Condor, v. 86, no. 3, p. 352-353, https://doi.org/10.2307/1367013.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"352","endPage":"353","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197423,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db623b40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mattox, W.G.","contributorId":39090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattox","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seegar, W.S.","contributorId":11301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seegar","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221927,"text":"5221927 - 1984 - Observation of a swimming wolf killing a swimming deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-01T11:19:19.638935","indexId":"5221927","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observation of a swimming wolf killing a swimming deer","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1381216","usgsCitation":"Nelson, M., and Mech, L., 1984, Observation of a swimming wolf killing a swimming deer: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 65, no. 1, p. 143-144, https://doi.org/10.2307/1381216.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db69654d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, M.E.","contributorId":102021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221929,"text":"5221929 - 1984 - Dicrotophos poisoning of great-tailed grackles in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:51","indexId":"5221929","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dicrotophos poisoning of great-tailed grackles in Texas","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, C.A., White, D.H., Kolbe, E.J., and Biever, R., 1984, Dicrotophos poisoning of great-tailed grackles in Texas: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 20, no. 3, p. 256-257.","productDescription":"256-257","startPage":"256","endPage":"257","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18307,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/reprint/20/3/256","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":197439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65da23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, C. A.","contributorId":54543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Donald H.","contributorId":97868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolbe, E. J.","contributorId":71512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolbe","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biever, R.C.","contributorId":33016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biever","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222791,"text":"5222791 - 1984 - Proper expression of metabolizable energy in avian energetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T14:39:07.134694","indexId":"5222791","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Proper expression of metabolizable energy in avian energetics","docAbstract":"We review metabolizable energy (ME) concepts and present evidence suggesting that the form of ME used for analyses of avian energetics can affect interpretation of results. Apparent ME (AME) is the most widely used measure of food energy available to birds. True ME(TME) differs from AME in recognizing fecal and urinary energy of nonfood origin as metabolized energy. Only AME values obtained from test birds fed at maintenance levels should be used for energy analyses. A practical assay for TME has shown that TME estimates are less sensitive than AME to variation in food intake. The TME assay may be particularly useful in studies of natural foods that are difficult to obtain in quantities large enough to supply test birds with maintenance requirements. Energy budgets calculated from existence metabolism should be expressed as kJ of AME and converted to food requirements with estimates of metabolizability given in kJ AME/g.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1366814","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., and Reinecke, K.J., 1984, Proper expression of metabolizable energy in avian energetics: Condor, v. 86, no. 4, p. 396-400, https://doi.org/10.2307/1366814.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"396","endPage":"400","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688304","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. R.","contributorId":19104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220004,"text":"5220004 - 1984 - Inheritance patterns of enzymes and serum proteins of mallard-black duck hybrids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:01:58","indexId":"5220004","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:24","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":999,"text":"Biochemical Systematics and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inheritance patterns of enzymes and serum proteins of mallard-black duck hybrids","docAbstract":"From 1974 to 1976, a breeding program was used to produce hybrids of black ducks and mallards for the evaluation of inheritance patterns of serum proteins and serum, liver and muscle enzymes. In addition to the crosses designed to produce hybrids, a series of matings in 1975 and 1976 were designed to evaluate inheritance patterns of a hybrid with either a black duck or mallard. At the F1 level, hybrids were easily distinguished using serum proteins. However, once a hybrid was crossed back to either a mallard or black duck, only 12?23% of the progeny were distinguishable from black ducks or mallards using serum proteins and 23?39% using esterases. Muscle, serum and liver enzymes were similar between the two species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biochemical Systematics and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0305-1978(84)90019-X","collaboration":"3050_Morgan.pdf","usgsCitation":"Morgan, R., Meritt, D.W., Block, S.B., Cole, M., Sulkin, S.T., Lee, F., and Henny, C.J., 1984, Inheritance patterns of enzymes and serum proteins of mallard-black duck hybrids: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, v. 12, no. 1, p. 119-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(84)90019-X.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"123","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18309,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(84)90019-X","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66da41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, R.P. II","contributorId":8427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"R.P.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meritt, D. W.","contributorId":79850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meritt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Block, S. B.","contributorId":47751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Block","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cole, M.A.","contributorId":77262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sulkin, S. T.","contributorId":83631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sulkin","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, F.B.","contributorId":30174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":5221933,"text":"5221933 - 1984 - Changes in levels of organochlorines in woodcock wings from 1971 to 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-19T17:49:18.621955","indexId":"5221933","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:23","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in levels of organochlorines in woodcock wings from 1971 to 1975","docAbstract":"Wings from woodcock (Philohela minor) were first monitored for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the eastern U.S. in 1971. Regional differences in these compounds were clearly demonstrated and baseline residue levels were obtained for later comparisons. An expanded sampling of wings in 1972 revealed that residues in wings of adult woodcock may differ significantly from those in immatures, and that residues of several important agricultural insecticides and PCBs had declined significantly. More extensive sampling was undertaken in 1975 to determine if changes in residue levels had taken place in the intervening years. PCBs, mirex, and heptachlor epoxide increased significantly between 1972 and 1975 in adult woodcock wings. In immature woodcock wings mirex, dieldrin, and PCBs increased significantly between 1972 and 1975, but DDT residues decreased significantly.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00398779","usgsCitation":"McLane, M.A., Hughes, D., and Heinz, G.H., 1984, Changes in levels of organochlorines in woodcock wings from 1971 to 1975: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 4, no. 2, p. 105-111, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00398779.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193498,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6ca1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLane, M. Anne Ross","contributorId":107799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLane","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne Ross","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes, D.L.","contributorId":85675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221937,"text":"5221937 - 1984 - Organochlorine residues in eggs of black-crowned night herons from Colorado and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-12T16:00:14.215113","indexId":"5221937","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:23","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues in eggs of black-crowned night herons from Colorado and Wyoming","docAbstract":"Eggs of black-crowned night-herons Nycticorax nycticorax (L.) were collected for analysis from seven nesting sites in Colorado and Wyoming in 1979. One egg was taken per nest from as many as 20 nests per site during early incubation. The nests were marked and revisited after hatching, but before fledging, to record the number of live young. DDE was detected in all of the collected eggs (total 147) at a mean concentration of 3.1 ppm, fresh basis (residue means are geometric). Mean DDE at the seven sites varied from 1.8 to 7.6 ppm. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were detected in 81 eggs (mean 1.0 ppm); the highest mean at any site was 2.2 ppm. Twelve other organochlorines were each detected in 1 to 30 eggs, usually at a concentration of > 1.0 ppm. Mean total organochlorines in the eggs from the seven sites ranged from 2.0 to 10.1 ppm and the median number of compounds per egg ranged from one to five. Eggshell thickness was negatively correlated (p > 0.001, r = – 0.585) with DDE levels in the 147 eggs. Average shell thickness (0.258 ± 0.030 mm) was 8.8% lower than the average thickness (0.283 ± 0.016mm) of 40 pre-DDT eggs from this region. The nesting sites with the highest DDE and total organochlorine residues in the eggs had the thinnest shells, produced the fewest young and had more nonviable eggs and dead young. At four of the seven sites, the average number of live young per nest was > 2.0, the minimum long-term mean required for population maintenance. The source of the contaminants found in the heron eggs in this study was not determined.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620030302","usgsCitation":"McEwen, L.C., Stafford, C.J., and Hensler, G.L., 1984, Organochlorine residues in eggs of black-crowned night herons from Colorado and Wyoming: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 3, no. 3, p. 367-376, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620030302.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193499,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a75f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEwen, L. C.","contributorId":33414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stafford, C. J.","contributorId":65429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hensler, Gary L.","contributorId":23111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensler","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221938,"text":"5221938 - 1984 - Hawaii's seabird islands, No. 1: Moke'ehia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T18:12:48","indexId":"5221938","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:22","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":601,"text":"'Elepaio","printIssn":"0013-6069","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hawaii's seabird islands, No. 1: Moke'ehia","docAbstract":"No abstract available.