Samples of litter from the O2 horizon of Dekalb soil (loamy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Dystrochrept) were collected from 18 ridgetop sites on a transect that ran by two Zn smelters in Palmerton, Pa. Metal concentrations increased by regular gradations from a minimum at a site 105 km west of the smelters (67 mg/kg Zn, 0.85 mg/kg Cd, 150 mg/kg Pb, 11 mg/kg Cu) to a maximum 1.2 km east of the smelters (35 000 mg/kg Zn, 1300 mg/kg Cd, 3200 mg/kg Pb, 280 mg/kg Cu), and then decreased until they reached an eastern minimum at the easternmost site, 19 km from the smelters. An increase in the P concentrations near the smelters showed that the emissions were disrupting nutrient flow through the ecosystem. An increase in the pH near the smelters was attributed to the high concentrations of Zn. The log of the distance of the sites from the smelters was significantly correlated (r = −0.80, p < 0.05) with the mortality of woodlice (Porcellio scaber Latreille) fed samples of the litter during an 8-week test. There was substantial mortality of woodlice observed even in the O2 litter collected 19 km east of the smelters. Zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, and sulfur were experimentally added, alone or in combination, to O2 litter collected far from any known source of metal emissions. The highest concentration of Zn added (20 000 mg/kg) was toxic enough to account for the mortality observed in the earlier test. A lower concentration of Zn (5000 mg/kg) as well as the concentration of Cd (500 mg/kg) tested also significantly (p < 0.05) increased the mortality of woodlice.
Recoveries of reward- and standard-banded American black ducks (Anas rubripes) were used to estimate band reporting rates and to investigate geographic and temporal variability in reporting rate for 1978-80. Reporting rates were higher close ( 20 km) to the parent banding site in 3 of 42 samples and were higher close to the nearest black duck banding site in 3 of 35 samples., Reporting rates were higher P 0.05) in Canada than in the Atlantic Flyway for the pre-huntIng season 1980-banded sample, but were otherwise similar among regions. Temporal differences over the duration of the study occurred, but there were no consistent trends over time. The small number of rejections suggests that there is little evidence of differences in band reporting rate by proximity to banding sites, geographic location, or over time. Thus, the best estimate of band reporting rate for black ducks is a constant 0.43. This estimate should be used with caution, because we believe that it overestimates reporting rate due to the unknown proportion of reward bands found that were not reported.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3808450","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., and Blandin, W., 1984, Geographic and temporal differences in band reporting rates for American black ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 1, p. 23-36, https://doi.org/10.2307/3808450.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a95fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blandin, W.W.","contributorId":107811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blandin","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221972,"text":"5221972 - 1984 - A general methodology for maximum likelihood inference from band-recovery data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-06T12:59:29.433193","indexId":"5221972","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A general methodology for maximum likelihood inference from band-recovery data","docAbstract":"A numerical procedure is described for obtaining maximum likelihood estimates and associated maximum likelihood inference from band- recovery data. The method is used to illustrate previously developed one-age-class band-recovery models, and is extended to new models, including the analysis with a covariate for survival rates and variable-time-period recovery models. Extensions to R-age-class band- recovery, mark-recapture models, and twice-yearly marking are discussed. A FORTRAN program provides computations for these models.","language":"English","publisher":"International Biometric Society","doi":"10.2307/2530917","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., and Williams, B.K., 1984, A general methodology for maximum likelihood inference from band-recovery data: Biometrics, v. 40, no. 3, p. 739-748, https://doi.org/10.2307/2530917.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae73f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221973,"text":"5221973 - 1984 - Monitoring bald eagle nesting in Baja California, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:44","indexId":"5221973","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3234,"text":"Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring bald eagle nesting in Baja California, Mexico","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Conant, B., Novara, A., and Henny, C.J., 1984, Monitoring bald eagle nesting in Baja California, Mexico: Raptor Research, v. 18, no. 2, p. 36-37.","productDescription":"36-37","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6250c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conant, B.","contributorId":80347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conant","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Novara, A.N.","contributorId":76844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novara","given":"A.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221974,"text":"5221974 - 1984 - A little 'Faith' is followed by 'Stars' and 'Stripes'","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:44","indexId":"5221974","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2859,"text":"New Jersey Outdoors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A little 'Faith' is followed by 'Stars' and 'Stripes'","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"New Jersey Outdoors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, J.W., and Stegeman, J., 1984, A little 'Faith' is followed by 'Stars' and 'Stripes': New Jersey Outdoors, v. 11, no. 1, p. 2-5.","productDescription":"2-5","startPage":"2","endPage":"5","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae275","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stegeman, J.A.","contributorId":50620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stegeman","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221975,"text":"5221975 - 1984 - Disposition of dietary dieldrin in the little brown bat and correlation of skin levels with body burden","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:44","indexId":"5221975","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disposition of dietary dieldrin in the little brown bat and correlation of skin levels with body burden","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.R., and Prouty, R.M., 1984, Disposition of dietary dieldrin in the little brown bat and correlation of skin levels with body burden: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 33, no. 2, p. 177-183.","productDescription":"177-183","startPage":"177","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18199,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.springerlink.com/content/g32m1n752588h5q0/?p=c0f449280de84839959b9569e3ea5fa9&pi=26","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, R. M.","contributorId":31349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221980,"text":"5221980 - 1984 - DDE in birds' eggs: Comparisons of two methods for estimating critical levels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:10","indexId":"5221980","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DDE in birds' eggs: Comparisons of two methods for estimating critical levels","docAbstract":"The sample egg technique and eggshell thickness-residue regression analysis were comparatively evaluated as tools in estimating critical levels of DDE in birds? eggs that seriously affect reproductive successa nd population starts....In comparing critical values of DDE that were derived from the two methods, the estimates were lower using the sample egg technique for both the Brown Pelican (3 ?g/g vs 8 ?g/g) and the Black-crowned Night-Heron (12?g/g/ vs 54 ?g/g) assuming a critical value of eggshell thinning at 20%....Extension of the regression line beyond the eggshell thickness-DDE residue data base is likely to result in spurious critical values of DDE. When sufficient thickness and residue data are available for estimating critical values of DDE from the regression equation, the estimates are meaningful but are likely to be inflated because adverse effects unrelated to eggshell thinning such as parental behavior and embryotoxicity unrelated to eggshell deficiencies are not taken into account.....Establishing critical levels of pollutants in eggs and tissues is a necessary procedure in assessing effects of these chemicals on individuals and populations of sensitive species. There are inherent difficulties in quantifying the effects of any pollutant on population trends and declines in productivity. The sample egg technique is apparently a more sensitive method for estimating critical levels of DDE, but some subjective interpretation is required for results obtained by both methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., 1984, DDE in birds' eggs: Comparisons of two methods for estimating critical levels: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 96, no. 2, p. 268-276.","productDescription":"268-276","startPage":"268","endPage":"276","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18196,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v096n02/p0268-p0276.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":196333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223601,"text":"5223601 - 1984 - Jewel bird jamboree","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5223601","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2825,"text":"Natural History","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Jewel bird jamboree","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural History","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Foster, M., 1984, Jewel bird jamboree: Natural History, v. 93, no. 7, p. 54-59.","productDescription":"54-59","startPage":"54","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db624325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, M.S. 0000-0001-8272-4608","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-4608","contributorId":10116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223603,"text":"5223603 - 1984 - [Part 1] A new species of Sarcoglottis (Orchidaceae) from Paraguay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5223603","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3373,"text":"Selbyana","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Part 1] A new species of Sarcoglottis (Orchidaceae) from Paraguay","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Selbyana","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Burns-Balogh, P., and Foster, M., 1984, [Part 1] A new species of Sarcoglottis (Orchidaceae) from Paraguay: Selbyana, v. 7, p. 59-60.","productDescription":"59-60","startPage":"59","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4794e4b07f02db48cefd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns-Balogh, P.","contributorId":43077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns-Balogh","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, M.S. 0000-0001-8272-4608","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-4608","contributorId":10116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222870,"text":"5222870 - 1984 - Testing for variation in taxonomic extinction probabilities: A suggested methodology and some results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-05T16:31:57.200057","indexId":"5222870","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3001,"text":"Paleobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing for variation in taxonomic extinction probabilities: A suggested methodology and some results","docAbstract":"Several important questions in evolutionary biology and paleobiology involve sources of variation in extinction rates. In all cases of which we are aware, extinction rates have been estimated from data in which the probability that an observation (e.g., a fossil taxon) will occur is related both to extinction rates and to what we term encounter probabilities. Any statistical method for analyzing fossil data should at a minimum permit separate inferences on these two components. We develop a method for estimating taxonomic extinction rates from stratigraphic range data and for testing hypotheses about variability in these rates. We use this method to estimate extinction rates and to test the hypothesis of constant extinction rates for several sets of stratigraphic range data. The results of our tests support the hypothesis that extinction rates varied over the geologic time periods examined. We also present a test that can be used to identify periods of high or low extinction probabilities and provide an example using Phanerozoic invertebrate data. Extinction rates should be analyzed using stochastic models, in which it is recognized that stratigraphic samples are random variates and that sampling is imperfect.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0094837300008307","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., and Nichols, J., 1984, Testing for variation in taxonomic extinction probabilities: A suggested methodology and some results: Paleobiology, v. 10, no. 3, p. 328-337, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0094837300008307.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"328","endPage":"337","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193468,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b8a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221994,"text":"5221994 - 1984 - Monitoring colonial waterbird populations in the Northeast: Historical and future perspectives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:49","indexId":"5221994","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3639,"text":"Transactions of the Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring colonial waterbird populations in the Northeast: Historical and future perspectives","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., 1984, Monitoring colonial waterbird populations in the Northeast: Historical and future perspectives: Transactions of the Northeast Fish and Wildlife Conference, v. 41, p. 97-109.","productDescription":"97-109","startPage":"97","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699150","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223877,"text":"5223877 - 1984 - Avian artificial insemination and semen preservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:36","indexId":"5223877","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":704,"text":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian artificial insemination and semen preservation","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gee, G., 1984, Avian artificial insemination and semen preservation: American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings, v. 1984, p. 160-161(abs).","productDescription":"160-161 (abstract)","startPage":"160","endPage":"161(abs)","numberOfPages":"-159","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1984","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a84d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221962,"text":"5221962 - 1984 - Estimation of animal population trends and annual indices from a survey of call-counts or other indications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:43","indexId":"5221962","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":745,"text":"American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of animal population trends and annual indices from a survey of call-counts or other indications","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Geissler, P., 1984, Estimation of animal population trends and annual indices from a survey of call-counts or other indications: American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods, v. 1984, p. 472-477.","productDescription":"472-477","startPage":"472","endPage":"477","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1984","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fbbce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221925,"text":"5221925 - 1984 - Improving stability of annual state waterfowl harvest estimates in highly-skewed data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:51","indexId":"5221925","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":745,"text":"American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving stability of annual state waterfowl harvest estimates in highly-skewed data","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Moyer, L., and Geissler, P., 1984, Improving stability of annual state waterfowl harvest estimates in highly-skewed data: American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods, v. 1984, p. 467-471.","productDescription":"467-471","startPage":"467","endPage":"471","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1984","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5c5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, L.M.","contributorId":96787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221981,"text":"5221981 - 1984 - Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T20:22:04","indexId":"5221981","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":979,"text":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers","onlineIssn":"1532-5970","printIssn":"0743-3808","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size","docAbstract":"Simulations of space use by animals were run to determine the relationship among home range area estimates, variability, and sample size (number of locations). As sample size increased, home range size increased asymptotically, whereas variability decreased among mean home range area estimates generated by multiple simulations for the same sample size. Our results suggest that field workers should ascertain between 100 and 200 locations in order to estimate reliably home range area. In some cases, this suggested guideline is higher than values found in the few published studies in which the relationship between home range area and number of locations is addressed. Sampling differences for small species occupying relatively small home ranges indicate that fewer locations may be sufficient to allow for a reliable estimate of home range. Intraspecific variability in social status (group member, loner, resident, transient), age, sex, reproductive condition, and food resources also have to be considered, as do season, habitat, and differences in sampling and analytical methods. Comparative data still are needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.3758/BF03201046","usgsCitation":"Bekoff, M., and Mech, L.D., 1984, Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size: Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, v. 16, no. 1, p. 32-37, https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03201046.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480188,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03201046","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":197590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49aee4b07f02db5c7a1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bekoff, Marc","contributorId":113207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekoff","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222068,"text":"5222068 - 1984 - Organochlorine pesticide residues in moths from the Baltimore, MD-Washington, D.C. area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-19T17:45:42.887553","indexId":"5222068","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine pesticide residues in moths from the Baltimore, MD-Washington, D.C. area","docAbstract":"Moths were collected with a light trap from 15 sites in the Baltimore, Maryland-Washington, D.C. area and analyzed for organochlorine pesticide residues. On the average, the species sampled contained 0.33 ppm heptachlor-chlordane compounds, 0.25 ppm DDE, and 0.11 ppm dieldrin. There were large differences in the concentrations detected in different species. Concentrations were especially high in moths whose larvae were cutworms, and were virtually absent from moths whose larvae fed on tree leaves. It was concluded that at least some species sampled could be an important source of insecticides to insectivorous wildlife. In some instances moths may be useful indicators of environmental contamination, especially when insectivorous wildlife species cannot be collected. However, the differences in residues observed among species means that only similar species should be compared, and this limits their potential for monitoring.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00398782","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., and Kaiser, T., 1984, Organochlorine pesticide residues in moths from the Baltimore, MD-Washington, D.C. area: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 4, no. 2, p. 129-137, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00398782.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"137","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a850","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaiser, T. E.","contributorId":75486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"T. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223507,"text":"5223507 - 1984 - Bird specimens from American Samoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:40","indexId":"5223507","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2990,"text":"Pacific Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bird specimens from American Samoa","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., 1984, Bird specimens from American Samoa: Pacific Science, v. 38, p. 150-169.","productDescription":"150-169","startPage":"150","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db612125","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, R.C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223508,"text":"5223508 - 1984 - Commentary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T14:50:29.086476","indexId":"5223508","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Commentary","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., and Watson, G., 1984, Commentary: Condor, v. 86, no. 2, p. 222-222.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"222","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199932,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae667","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, R.C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watson, G.E.","contributorId":104856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223909,"text":"5223909 - 1984 - Acute responses of American kestrels to methyl parathion and fenvalerate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T11:03:38","indexId":"5223909","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1627,"text":"Federation Proceedings","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute responses of American kestrels to methyl parathion and fenvalerate","docAbstract":"Physiological and toxicological effects of p.o, methyl parathion (0.375-3.0 mg/kg) or fenvalerate (1000-4000 mg/kg) were examined over a 10 h period in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) maintained in thermoneutral (22?.C) and cold (-5?.C) environments. Methyl parathion was highly toxic (LD50=3.08 mg/kg, 95% confidence limits=2.29-4.l4 mg/kg, producing overt intoxication (abnormal posture, ataxia, paresis), dose-dependent inhibition (26-67%) of brain acetylcholinesterase activity, hyperglycemia, and elevated plasma corticosterone concentration. Transient but pronounced hypothermia was associated with plasma cholinesterase inhibition in excess of 50% (2 h after intubation), although this response was highly variable (plasma ChE inhibition vs. A cloacal temperature, r=-0.60). Fenvalerate, at doses far exceeding those encountered in the environment, caused mild intoxication (irregular head movement) and elevated plasma alanine aminotransferase activity, but did not alter cloacal temperature, plasma activities of CK, U-HBDH, and LDK, or concentrations of corticosterone, glucose, triiodothyronine, and uric acid. Cold exposure intensified methyl parathion toxicity, but did not affect that of fenvalerate. It would thus appear that the organophosphorus insecticide methyl parathion poses far greater hazard than the pyrethroid fenvalerate to raptorial birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Federation Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., and Franson, J.C., 1984, Acute responses of American kestrels to methyl parathion and fenvalerate: Federation Proceedings, v. 43, no. 3, 580 (abstract no. 1726).","productDescription":"580 (abstract no. 1726)","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698448","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":339916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221850,"text":"5221850 - 1984 - Breeding biology and behaviour of captive black-footed ferrets: Mustela nigripes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-15T14:50:38.548852","indexId":"5221850","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2094,"text":"International Zoo Yearbook","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding biology and behaviour of captive black-footed ferrets: Mustela nigripes","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-1090.1984.tb03030.x","usgsCitation":"Hillman, C.N., and Carpenter, J.W., 1984, Breeding biology and behaviour of captive black-footed ferrets: Mustela nigripes: International Zoo Yearbook, v. 23, no. 1, p. 186-191, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1984.tb03030.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"186","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcd8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hillman, C. N.","contributorId":87650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hillman","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223691,"text":"5223691 - 1984 - Taxonomic status of the frog genus Centrolenella Noble (Anura: Centrolenidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-10T16:48:39.853594","indexId":"5223691","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:37","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taxonomic status of the frog genus Centrolenella Noble (Anura: Centrolenidae)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.2307/1563758","usgsCitation":"McDiarmid, R., and Savage, J., 1984, Taxonomic status of the frog genus Centrolenella Noble (Anura: Centrolenidae): Journal of Herpetology, v. 18, no. 2, p. 213-215, https://doi.org/10.2307/1563758.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"215","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199888,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa34b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDiarmid, R.W.","contributorId":15130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savage, J.M.","contributorId":66199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230215,"text":"5230215 - 1984 - Program LINLOGN users instructions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:25","indexId":"5230215","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":194,"text":"North Carolina State University, Institute of Statistics Mimeograph Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"No. 1650","title":"Program LINLOGN users instructions","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hines, J., Pollock, K.H., and Nichols, J., 1984, Program LINLOGN users instructions: North Carolina State University, Institute of Statistics Mimeograph Series No. 1650, [11].","productDescription":"[11]","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6889e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollock, K. 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