{"pageNumber":"505","pageRowStart":"12600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46666,"records":[{"id":70133236,"text":"70133236 - 2014 - Northeast regional and state trends in anuran occupancy from calling survey data (2001-2011) from the North American Amphibian Monitoring Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-14T15:59:50","indexId":"70133236","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Northeast regional and state trends in anuran occupancy from calling survey data (2001-2011) from the North American Amphibian Monitoring Program","docAbstract":"<p>We present the first regional trends in anuran occupancy from North American Amphibian Monitoring Program (NAAMP) data from 11 northeastern states using an 11 years of data. NAAMP is a long-term monitoring program where observers collect data at assigned random roadside routes using a calling survey technique. We assessed occupancy trends for 17 species. Eight species had statistically significant regional trends, of these seven were negative (Anaxyrus fowleri, Acris crepitans, Pseudacris brachyphona, Pseudacris feriarum-kalmi complex, Lithobates palustris, Lithobates pipiens, and Lithobates sphenocephalus) and one was positive (Hyla versicolor-chrysoscelis complex). We also assessed state level trends for 101 species/state combinations, of these 29 showed a significant decline and nine showed a significant increase in occupancy.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation","usgsCitation":"Weir, L., Royle, J., Gazenski, K.D., and Villena Carpio, O., 2014, Northeast regional and state trends in anuran occupancy from calling survey data (2001-2011) from the North American Amphibian Monitoring Program: Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 9, no. 2, p. 223-245.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"245","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049585","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295962,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.herpconbio.org/contents_vol9_issue2.html"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546727bee4b04d4b7dbde889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weir, Linda A. lweir@usgs.gov","contributorId":3201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"Linda A.","email":"lweir@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":524934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":3504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":524935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gazenski, Kimberly D.","contributorId":55306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gazenski","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":524936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villena Carpio, Oswaldo ovillenacarpio@usgs.gov","contributorId":127375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villena Carpio","given":"Oswaldo","email":"ovillenacarpio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":524937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70117089,"text":"70117089 - 2014 - Modelling landscape-scale erosion potential related to vehicle disturbances along the U.S.-Mexico border","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T16:25:12","indexId":"70117089","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-11T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling landscape-scale erosion potential related to vehicle disturbances along the U.S.-Mexico border","docAbstract":"<p><span>Decades of intensive off-road vehicle use for border security, immigration, smuggling, recreation, and military training along the USA&ndash;Mexico border have prompted concerns about long-term human impacts on sensitive desert ecosystems. To help managers identify areas susceptible to soil erosion from anthropogenic activities, we developed a series of erosion potential models based on factors from the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). To better express the vulnerability of soils to human disturbances, we refined two factors whose categorical and spatial representations limit the application of the USLE for non-agricultural landscapes: the&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><span>-factor (vegetation cover) and the&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>-factor (support practice/management). A soil compaction index (</span><i>P</i><span>-factor) was calculated as the difference in saturated hydrologic conductivity (</span><i>K<sub>s</sub></i><span>) between disturbed and undisturbed soils, which was then scaled up to maps of vehicle disturbances digitized from aerial photography. The&nbsp;</span><i>C</i><span>-factor was improved using a satellite-based vegetation index, which was better correlated with estimated ground cover (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&thinsp;=&thinsp;0&middot;77) than data derived from land cover (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&thinsp;=&thinsp;0&middot;06). We identified 9,780&thinsp;km of unauthorized off-road tracks in the 2,800-km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;study area. Maps of these disturbances, when integrated with soil compaction data using the USLE, provided landscape-scale information on areas vulnerable to erosion from both natural processes and human activities and are detailed enough for adaptive management and restoration planning. The models revealed erosion potential hotspots adjacent to the border and within areas managed as critical habitat for the threatened flat-tailed horned lizard and endangered Sonoran pronghorn.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ldr.2317","usgsCitation":"Villarreal, M.L., Webb, R., Norman, L.M., Psillas, J.L., Rosenberg, A., Carmichael, S., Petrakis, R., and Sparks, P.E., 2014, Modelling landscape-scale erosion potential related to vehicle disturbances along the U.S.-Mexico border: Land Degradation and Development, v. 27, no. 4, p. 1106-1121, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2317.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1106","endPage":"1121","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053329","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294983,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.82910156249999,\n              31.28793989264176\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.82910156249999,\n              33.422272258866016\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.07177734375,\n              33.422272258866016\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.07177734375,\n              31.28793989264176\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.82910156249999,\n              31.28793989264176\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5434f286e4b0a4f4b46a235e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":1424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Psillas, Jennifer L.","contributorId":23092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Psillas","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenberg, Abigail S.","contributorId":77467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberg","given":"Abigail S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carmichael, Shinji","contributorId":63748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmichael","given":"Shinji","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Petrakis, Roy E.","contributorId":107632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrakis","given":"Roy E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sparks, Philip E.","contributorId":12398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparks","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70128634,"text":"ofr20141214 - 2014 - California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Half Moon Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T19:32:32.867742","indexId":"ofr20141214","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-10T14:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1214","title":"California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Half Moon Bay, California","docAbstract":"<p>In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The Offshore of Half Moon Bay map area is located in northern California, on the Pacific coast of the San Francisco Peninsula about 40 kilometers south of the Golden Gate. The city of Half Moon Bay, which is situated on the east side of the Half Moon Bay embayment, is the nearest significant onshore cultural center in the map area, with a population of about 11,000. The Pillar Point Harbor at the north edge of Half Moon Bay offers a protected landing for boats and provides other marine infrastructure.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The map area lies offshore of the Santa Cruz Mountains, part of the northwest-trending Coast Ranges that run roughly parallel to the San Andreas Fault Zone. The Santa Cruz Mountains lie between the San Andreas Fault Zone and the San Gregorio Fault system. The flat coastal area, which is the most recent of numerous marine terraces, was formed by wave erosion about 105 thousand years ago. The higher elevation of this same terrace west of the Half Moon Bay Airport is caused by uplift on the Seal Cove Fault, a splay of the San Gregorio Fault Zone. Although originally incised into the rising terrain horizontally, the ancient terrace surface has been gently folded into a northwest-plunging syncline by compression related to right-lateral strike-slip movement along the San Gregorio Fault Zone. The lowest elevation coincides with the deepest part of Half Moon Bay; the terrace surface rises both to the north and to the south. Uplift in this map area has resulted in relatively shallow water depths within California’s State Waters and, thus, little accommodation space for sediment accumulation. Sediment is observed in the shelter of Half Moon Bay and on the outer half of the California’s State Waters shelf. Sediment in the area is mobile, often forming dunes and sand waves.</p>\n<br>\n<p>A westward bend in the San Andreas Fault Zone, southeast of the map area, coupled with right-lateral movement along the Seal Cove Fault, which comes ashore in Pillar Point Harbor, has resulted in the folding and uplifting of sedimentary rocks of the Purisima Formation in the offshore. Differential erosion of these folded and faulted layers of the Purisima Formation has exposed the parallel curved-rock ridges that are visible on the seafloor from the headland at Pillar Point. During the winter, strong North Pacific storms generate large, long-period waves that shoal and break over this bedrock reef at the world-famous surfing location known as Mavericks.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The Offshore of Half Moon Bay map area lies within the cold-temperate biogeographic zone that is called either the “Oregonian province” or the “northern California ecoregion.” This biogeographic province is maintained by the long-term stability of the southward-flowing California Current, an eastern limb of the North Pacific subtropical gyre that flows from Oregon to Baja California. At its midpoint off central California, the California Current transports subarctic surface (0–500 m deep) waters southward, about 150 to 1,300 km from shore. Seasonal northwesterly winds that are, in part, responsible for the California Current, generate coastal upwelling. The south end of the Oregonian province is at Point Conception (about 365 km south of the map area), although its associated phylogeographic group of marine fauna may extend beyond to the area offshore of Los Angeles in southern California. The ocean off central California has experienced a warming over the last 50 years that is driving an ecosystem shift away from the productive subarctic regime towards a depopulated subtropical environment.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Seafloor habitats in the Offshore of Half Moon Bay map area, which lies within the Shelf (continental shelf) megahabitat, range from significant rocky outcrops that support kelp-forest communities nearshore to rocky-reef communities in deep water. Biological productivity resulting from coastal upwelling supports populations of sea birds such as Sooty Shearwater, Western Gull, Common Murre, Cassin’s Auklet, and many other less populous bird species. In addition, an observable recovery of Humpback and Blue Whales has occurred in the area; both species are dependent on coastal upwelling to provide nutrients. The large extent of exposed inner shelf bedrock supports large forests of “bull kelp,” which is well adapted for high wave-energy environments. Common fish species found in the kelp beds and rocky reefs include lingcod and various species of rockfish and greenling.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141214","usgsCitation":"Cochrane, G.R., Dartnell, P., Greene, H., Johnson, S.Y., Golden, N., Hartwell, S., Dieter, B.E., Manson, M., Sliter, R.W., Ross, S.L., Watt, J., Endris, C.A., Kvitek, R.G., Phillips, E.L., Erdey, M.D., Chin, J., and Bretz, C., 2014, California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Half Moon Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1214, Pamphlet: iv, 37 p.; 10 Plates: 49.0 x 36.0 inches and smaller; Metadata; Data Catalog, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141214.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 37 p.; 10 Plates: 49.0 x 36.0 inches and smaller; Metadata; Data Catalog","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-038729","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295233,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141214.jpg"},{"id":295226,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet4.pdf"},{"id":295225,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet3.pdf"},{"id":295224,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet2.pdf"},{"id":295223,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet1.pdf"},{"id":295221,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/"},{"id":295222,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":398973,"rank":14,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_100883.htm"},{"id":295232,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet10.pdf"},{"id":295231,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet9.pdf"},{"id":295230,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet8.pdf"},{"id":295229,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet7.pdf"},{"id":295228,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet6.pdf"},{"id":295227,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1214/pdf/ofr2014-1214_sheet5.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Half Moon Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.5833,\n              37.3833\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3944,\n              37.3833\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3944,\n              37.5464\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5833,\n              37.5464\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5833,\n              37.3833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5438e705e4b0c47db4290577","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cochrane, Guy R. 0000-0002-8094-4583 gcochrane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-4583","contributorId":2870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochrane","given":"Guy","email":"gcochrane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greene, H. Gary","contributorId":78669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"H. Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golden, Nadine E.","contributorId":26643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Nadine E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hartwell, Stephen R.","contributorId":67029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartwell","given":"Stephen R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dieter, Bryan E.","contributorId":108043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Manson, Michael W.","contributorId":48503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manson","given":"Michael W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sliter, Ray W. 0000-0003-0337-3454 rsliter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-3454","contributorId":1992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"Ray","email":"rsliter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ross, Stephanie L. 0000-0003-1389-4405 sross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-4405","contributorId":1024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Stephanie","email":"sross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Watt, Janet 0000-0002-4759-3814 jwatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":146222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","email":"jwatt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Endris, Charles A.","contributorId":87875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endris","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kvitek, Rikk G.","contributorId":44099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvitek","given":"Rikk","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Phillips, Eleyne L.","contributorId":44485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Eleyne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Erdey, Mercedes D. merdey@usgs.gov","contributorId":5411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdey","given":"Mercedes","email":"merdey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Chin, John L.","contributorId":49726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Bretz, Carrie K.","contributorId":19101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bretz","given":"Carrie K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70124101,"text":"ofr20141198 - 2014 - Late Holocene sedimentary environments of south San Francisco Bay, California, illustrated in gravity cores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-09T13:32:28.455946","indexId":"ofr20141198","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-10T13:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1198","title":"Late Holocene sedimentary environments of south San Francisco Bay, California, illustrated in gravity cores","docAbstract":"Data are reported here from 51 gravity cores collected from the southern part of San Francisco Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1990. The sedimentary record in the cores demonstrates a stable geographic distribution of facies and spans a few thousand years. Carbon-14 dating of the sediments suggests that sedimentation rates average about 1 mm/yr. The geometry of the bay floor and the character of the sediment deposited have remained about the same in the time spanned by the cores. However, the sedimentary record over periods of centuries or decades is likely to be much more variable. Sediments containing a few bivalve shells and bivalve or oyster coquinas are most often found west of the main channel and near the San Mateo Bridge. Elsewhere in the south bay, shells are rare except in the southernmost reaches where scattered gastropod shells are found.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141198","usgsCitation":"Woodrow, D., Fregoso, T., Wong, F.L., and Jaffe, B.E., 2014, Late Holocene sedimentary environments of south San Francisco Bay, California, illustrated in gravity cores: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1198, Report: iv, 91 p.; Spatial Data; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141198.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 91 p.; Spatial Data; Metadata","numberOfPages":"97","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-054320","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295217,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1198/pdf/ofr2014-1198.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":295218,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1198/downloads/ofr2014-1198_shape.zip","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":295216,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1198/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295219,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1198/downloads/metadata","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":376153,"rank":5,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1198/images/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.26660156249999,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.4208984375,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.4208984375,\n              38.41055825094609\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.26660156249999,\n              38.41055825094609\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.26660156249999,\n              37.23032838760387\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5438e706e4b0c47db4290587","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodrow, Donald L.","contributorId":88668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodrow","given":"Donald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fregoso, Theresa A.","contributorId":81824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fregoso","given":"Theresa A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70139360,"text":"70139360 - 2014 - Population age and initial density in a patchy environment affect the occurrence of abrupt transitions in a birth-and-death model of Taylor's law","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-27T09:25:14","indexId":"70139360","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-10T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population age and initial density in a patchy environment affect the occurrence of abrupt transitions in a birth-and-death model of Taylor's law","docAbstract":"<p>Taylor's power law describes an empirical relationship between the mean and variance of population densities in field data, in which the variance varies as a power, <i>b</i>, of the mean. Most studies report values of <i>b</i> varying between 1 and 2. However, Cohen (2014a) showed recently that smooth changes in environmental conditions in a model can lead to an abrupt, infinite change in <i>b</i>. To understand what factors can influence the occurrence of an abrupt change in <i>b</i>, we used both mathematical analysis and Monte Carlo samples from a model in which populations of the same species settled on patches, and each population followed independently a stochastic linear birth-and-death process. We investigated how the power relationship responds to a smooth change of population growth rate, under different sampling strategies, initial population density, and population age. We showed analytically that, if the initial populations differ only in density, and samples are taken from all patches after the same time period following a major invasion event, Taylor's law holds with exponent <i>b</i>=1, regardless of the population growth rate. If samples are taken at different times from patches that have the same initial population densities, we calculate an abrupt shift of <i>b</i>, as predicted by Cohen (2014a). The loss of linearity between log variance and log mean is a leading indicator of the abrupt shift. If both initial population densities and population ages vary among patches, estimates of <i>b</i> lie between 1 and 2, as in most empirical studies. But the value of <i>b</i> declines to ~1 as the system approaches a critical point. Our results can inform empirical studies that might be designed to demonstrate an abrupt shift in Taylor's law.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.06.022","usgsCitation":"Jiang, J., DeAngelis, D., Zhang, B., and Cohen, J., 2014, Population age and initial density in a patchy environment affect the occurrence of abrupt transitions in a birth-and-death model of Taylor's law: Ecological Modelling, v. 289, p. 59-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.06.022.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053931","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380014003044"},{"id":297569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"289","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c27e4b08de9379b366d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Jiang","contributorId":46838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"Jiang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":138934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, B.","contributorId":62854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cohen, J.E.","contributorId":85545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70111148,"text":"sir20145105 - 2014 - Updated study reporting levels (SRLs) for trace-element data collected for the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Priority Basin Project, October 2009-March 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-10T09:36:15","indexId":"sir20145105","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-10T09:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5105","title":"Updated study reporting levels (SRLs) for trace-element data collected for the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Priority Basin Project, October 2009-March 2013","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater samples have been collected in California as part of statewide investigations of groundwater quality conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey for the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Priority Basin Project (PBP). The GAMA-PBP is being conducted in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board to assess and monitor the quality of groundwater resources used for drinking-water supply and to improve public knowledge of groundwater quality in California. Quality-control samples (source-solution blanks, equipment blanks, and field blanks) were collected in order to ensure the quality of the groundwater sample results.\n</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Olsen and others (2010) previously determined study reporting levels (SRLs) for trace-element results based primarily on field blanks collected in California from May 2004 through January 2008. SRLs are raised reporting levels used to reduce the likelihood of reporting false detections attributable to contamination bias. The purpose of this report is to identify any changes in the frequency and concentrations of detections in field blanks since the last evaluation and update the SRLs for more recent data accordingly. Constituents analyzed were aluminum (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), silver (Ag), strontium (Sr), thallium (Tl), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Data from 179 field blanks and equipment blanks collected from March 2006 through March 2013 by the GAMA-PBP indicated that for trace elements that had a change in detection frequency and concentration since the previous review, the shift occurred near October 2009, in conjunction with a change in the capsule filters used by the study. Results for 89 field blanks and equipment blanks collected from October 2009 through March 2013 were evaluated for potential contamination bias by using the same approach developed by Olsen and others (2010). Some data collected by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program for the Southern California Coastal Drainages study unit were included to supplement the GAMA-PBP data. The detection frequency and upper threshold of potential contamination bias (BD-90/90) were determined from field-blank and equipment-blank data for each trace element. The BD-90/90 is the 90th percentile concentration of potential extrinsic contamination calculated by using the binomial probability distribution for greater than 90 percent confidence. Additionally, data from laboratory blanks and blind blanks analyzed by the National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) during water years 2010 through 2013, and compiled by the USGS Branch of Quality Systems (BQS), were considered for each trace element. These results were compared to each constituent’s reporting level to determine whether an SRL was necessary to minimize the potential for detections in the groundwater samples, attributed principally to contamination bias. Results of the evaluation were used to set SRLs for trace-element data for about 1,135 samples of groundwater collected by the GAMA-PBP between October 2009 and March 2013.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Ten trace elements analyzed (Sb, As, Be, B, Cd, Li, Se, Ag, Tl, and U) had blank results that did not necessitate establishing SRLs during this review or the review by Olsen and others (2010). Five trace elements analyzed (Al, Ba, Cr, Sr, and V) had blank results that necessitated establishing an SRL during the previous review but did not need an SRL starting October 2009. One trace element (Fe) had field and laboratory-blank results that necessitated keeping the previous SRL (6 micrograms per liter [μg/L]). Two trace elements (Ni and W) had quality-control results that warranted decreasing the previous SRL, and five trace elements (Cu, Pb, Mn, Mo, and Zn) had field, laboratory, or blind blank results that warranted establishing an SRL for the first time or increasing the previous SRL. SRLs for Cu (2.1 μg/L), Pb (0.82 μg/L), Mn (0.66 μg/L), Mo (0.023 μg/L), Ni (0.21 μg/L), W (0.023 μg/L), and Zn (6.2 μg/L) were changed to these levels starting October 2009, based on the BD-90/90 concentration for field blanks or the 99th percentile concentration for laboratory or blind blanks. The SRL for Fe was maintained at 6 μg/L, based on the minimum laboratory reporting level for iron. SRLs for these eight constituents were at least an order of magnitude below the regulatory benchmarks established for drinking water for health and aesthetic purposes; therefore, the practice of reporting concentrations below the SRLs as less than or equal to (≤) the measured value would not prevent the identification of values greater than the drinking-water benchmarks. Co was detected in 99 percent of field blanks, and with a BD-90/90 concentration of 0.38 μg/L, all groundwater results starting October 2009 were coded as “reviewed and rejected.” Co does not currently have a regulatory benchmark for drinking water. The primary sources of contamination for trace elements inferred from this review are the equipment or processes used in the field to collect the samples or in the laboratory. In particular, contamination in field blanks of Co and Mn was attributed to the high-capacity 0.45-micrometer pore-size capsule filters that were in regular use beginning in October 2009 by several USGS programs, including the GAMA-PBP and NAWQA Program, for filtering samples for analysis of trace elements.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The SRLs determined in this report are intended to be used for GAMA groundwater-quality data for samples collected October 2009 through March 2013, or for as long as quality-control data indicate contamination similar to what was observed in this report; quality-control data should be continuously reviewed and SRLs re-assessed on at least a study-unit basis.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145105","collaboration":"A product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program; Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Davis, T., Olsen, L., Fram, M.S., and Belitz, K., 2014, Updated study reporting levels (SRLs) for trace-element data collected for the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Priority Basin Project, October 2009-March 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5105, viii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145105.","productDescription":"viii, 52 p.","numberOfPages":"64","ipdsId":"IP-045787","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145105.jpg"},{"id":295204,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5105/"},{"id":295206,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5105/pdf/sir2014-5105.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"California","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5438e707e4b0c47db429058d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Tracy A. 0000-0003-0253-6661","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0253-6661","contributorId":32459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Tracy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, Lisa D. ldolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Lisa D.","email":"ldolsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159633,"text":"70159633 - 2014 - Identifying the pollen of an extinct spruce species in the Late Quaternary sediments of the Tunica Hills region, south-eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T15:28:31","indexId":"70159633","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-10T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2437,"text":"Journal of Quaternary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying the pollen of an extinct spruce species in the Late Quaternary sediments of the Tunica Hills region, south-eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Late Quaternary fluvial deposits in the Tunica Hills region of Louisiana and Mississippi are rich in spruce macrofossils of the extinct species&nbsp;</span><i>Picea critchfieldii</i><span>, the one recognized plant extinction of the Late Quaternary. However, the morphology of&nbsp;</span><i>P. critchfieldii</i><span>&nbsp;pollen is unknown, presenting a barrier to the interpretation of pollen spectra from the last glacial of North America. To address this issue, we undertook a morphometric study of&nbsp;</span><i>Picea</i><span>&nbsp;pollen from Tunica Hills. Morphometric data, together with qualitative observations of pollen morphology using Apotome fluorescence microscopy, indicate that&nbsp;</span><i>Picea</i><span>&nbsp;pollen from Tunica Hills is morphologically distinct from the pollen of&nbsp;</span><i>P. glauca</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>P. mariana</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>P. rubens</i><span>. Measurements of grain length, corpus width and corpus height indicate that&nbsp;</span><i>Picea</i><span>&nbsp;pollen from Tunica Hills is larger than the pollen of&nbsp;</span><i>P. mariana</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>P. rubens</i><span>, and is slightly larger than&nbsp;</span><i>P. glauca</i><span>&nbsp;pollen. We argue that the morphologically distinctive Tunica Hills&nbsp;</span><i>Picea</i><span>&nbsp;pollen was probably produced by the extinct spruce species&nbsp;</span><i>P. critchfieldii</i><span>. These morphological differences could be used to identify&nbsp;</span><i>P. critchfieldii</i><span>&nbsp;in existing and newly collected pollen records, which would refine its paleoecologic and biogeographic history and clarify the nature and timing of its extinction in the Late Quaternary.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Published for the Quaternary Research Association [by] Longman","publisherLocation":"Harlow, Essex","doi":"10.1002/jqs.2745","usgsCitation":"Mander, L., Rodriguez, J., Mueller, P.G., Jackson, S.T., and Punyasena, S.W., 2014, Identifying the pollen of an extinct spruce species in the Late Quaternary sediments of the Tunica Hills region, south-eastern United States: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 29, no. 7, p. 711-721, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2745.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"711","endPage":"721","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055542","costCenters":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Tunica Hills region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.4556884765625,\n              31.77020763186669\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.999755859375,\n              31.67909579713163\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              31.571515531519776\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5108642578125,\n              31.42163196041962\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3076171875,\n              30.94463573937753\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3460693359375,\n              30.313616689930676\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7196044921875,\n              30.15462722077597\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.24420166015624,\n              30.071470887901302\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8841552734375,\n              30.14512718337613\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.3455810546875,\n              30.287531589298727\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.4334716796875,\n              31.44741029142872\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.2906494140625,\n              31.751525328078905\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.9281005859375,\n              31.812229022640732\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.4556884765625,\n              31.77020763186669\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c4de4b0ebfbef0d315b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mander, Luke","contributorId":149850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mander","given":"Luke","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17840,"text":"University of Exeter","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Jacklyn","contributorId":149851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Jacklyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueller, Pietra G.","contributorId":149852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueller","given":"Pietra","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17841,"text":"Illinois State Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, Stephen T. 0000-0002-1487-4652 stjackson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1487-4652","contributorId":344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Stephen","email":"stjackson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":560,"text":"South Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Punyasena, Surangi W.","contributorId":149853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Punyasena","given":"Surangi","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17842,"text":"University of Wyoming, Laramie","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70120860,"text":"ofr20141171 - 2014 - Relations between continuous real-time turbidity data and discrete suspended-sediment concentration samples in the Neosho and Cottonwood Rivers, east-central Kansas, 2009-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T15:59:51","indexId":"ofr20141171","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-09T15:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1171","title":"Relations between continuous real-time turbidity data and discrete suspended-sediment concentration samples in the Neosho and Cottonwood Rivers, east-central Kansas, 2009-2012","docAbstract":"The Neosho River and its primary tributary, the Cottonwood River, are the primary sources of inflow to the John Redmond Reservoir in east-central Kansas. Sedimentation rate in the John Redmond Reservoir was estimated as 743 acre-feet per year for 1964–2006. This estimated sedimentation rate is more than 80 percent larger than the projected design sedimentation rate of 404 acre-feet per year, and resulted in a loss of 40 percent of the conservation pool since its construction in 1964. To reduce sediment input into the reservoir, the Kansas Water Office implemented stream bank stabilization techniques along an 8.3 mile reach of the Neosho River during 2010 through 2011. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kansas Water Office and funded in part through the Kansas State Water Plan Fund, operated continuous real-time water-quality monitors upstream and downstream from stream bank stabilization efforts before, during, and after construction. Continuously measured water-quality properties include streamflow, specific conductance, water temperature, and turbidity. Discrete sediment samples were collected from June 2009 through September 2012 and analyzed for suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), percentage of sediments less than 63 micrometers (sand-fine break), and loss of material on ignition (analogous to amount of organic matter). Regression models were developed to establish relations between discretely measured SSC samples, and turbidity or streamflow to estimate continuously SSC. Continuous water-quality monitors represented between 96 and 99 percent of the cross-sectional variability for turbidity, and had slopes between 0.91 and 0.98. Because consistent bias was not observed, values from continuous water-quality monitors were considered representative of stream conditions. On average, turbidity-based SSC models explained 96 percent of the variance in SSC. Streamflow-based regressions explained 53 to 60 percent of the variance. Mean squared prediction error for turbidity-based regression relations ranged from -32 to 48 percent, whereas mean square prediction error for streamflow-based regressions ranged from -69 to 218 percent. These models are useful for evaluating the variability of SSC during rapidly changing conditions, computing loads and yields to assess SSC transport through the watershed, and for providing more accurate load estimates compared to streamflow-only based estimation methods used in the past. These models can be used to evaluate the efficacy of streambank stabilization efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141171","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Water Office","usgsCitation":"Foster, G., 2014, Relations between continuous real-time turbidity data and discrete suspended-sediment concentration samples in the Neosho and Cottonwood Rivers, east-central Kansas, 2009-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1171, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141171.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052388","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141171.jpg"},{"id":295196,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1171/"},{"id":295197,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1171/pdf/ofr2014-1171.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood River, Neosho River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54379589e4b08a816ca63611","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Guy M. gfoster@usgs.gov","contributorId":3437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Guy M.","email":"gfoster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70128550,"text":"70128550 - 2014 - Comparing bacterial community composition of healthy and dark spot-affected <i>Siderastrea siderea</i> in Florida and the Caribbean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T14:50:42","indexId":"70128550","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-09T14:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing bacterial community composition of healthy and dark spot-affected <i>Siderastrea siderea</i> in Florida and the Caribbean","docAbstract":"Coral disease is one of the major causes of reef degradation. Dark Spot Syndrome (DSS) was described in the early 1990's as brown or purple amorphous areas of tissue on a coral and has since become one of the most prevalent diseases reported on Caribbean reefs. It has been identified in a number of coral species, but there is debate as to whether it is in fact the same disease in different corals. Further, it is questioned whether these macroscopic signs are in fact diagnostic of an infectious disease at all. The most commonly affected species in the Caribbean is the massive starlet coral <i>Siderastrea siderea</i>. We sampled this species in two locations, Dry Tortugas National Park and Virgin Islands National Park. Tissue biopsies were collected from both healthy colonies and those with dark spot lesions. Microbial-community DNA was extracted from coral samples (mucus, tissue, and skeleton), amplified using bacterial-specific primers, and applied to PhyloChip G3 microarrays to examine the bacterial diversity associated with this coral. Samples were also screened for the presence of a fungal ribotype that has recently been implicated as a causative agent of DSS in another coral species, but the amplifications were unsuccessful. <i>S. siderea</i> samples did not cluster consistently based on health state (i.e., normal versus dark spot). Various bacteria, including Cyanobacteria and <i>Vibrios</i>, were observed to have increased relative abundance in the discolored tissue, but the patterns were not consistent across all DSS samples. Overall, our findings do not support the hypothesis that DSS in <i>S. siderea</i> is linked to a bacterial pathogen or pathogens. This dataset provides the most comprehensive overview to date of the bacterial community associated with the scleractinian coral <i>S. siderea</i>.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0108767","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, C.A., Piceno, Y.M., Tom, L., DeSantis, T., Gray, M.A., and Andersen, G., 2014, Comparing bacterial community composition of healthy and dark spot-affected <i>Siderastrea siderea</i> in Florida and the Caribbean: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 10, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108767.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-059252","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108767","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295185,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108767"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Caribbean Sea, Dry Tortugas National Park, Virgin Islands National Park","volume":"9","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54379587e4b08a816ca63609","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piceno, Yvette M.","contributorId":8782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piceno","given":"Yvette","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tom, Lauren M.","contributorId":65025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tom","given":"Lauren M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeSantis, Todd Z.","contributorId":70712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSantis","given":"Todd Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gray, Michael A. 0000-0002-3856-5037 mgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3856-5037","contributorId":3532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Michael","email":"mgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andersen, Gary L.","contributorId":20679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70128498,"text":"70128498 - 2014 - Habitat prioritization across large landscapes, multiple seasons, and novel areas: an example using greater sage-grouse in Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T15:02:28","indexId":"70128498","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-09T10:29:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3773,"text":"Wildlife Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat prioritization across large landscapes, multiple seasons, and novel areas: an example using greater sage-grouse in Wyoming","docAbstract":"Animal habitat selection is an important and expansive area of research in ecology. In particular, the study of habitat selection is critical in habitat prioritization efforts for species of conservation concern. Landscape planning for species is happening at ever-increasing extents because of the appreciation for the role of landscape-scale patterns in species persistence coupled to improved datasets for species and habitats, and the expanding and intensifying footprint of human land uses on the landscape. We present a large-scale collaborative effort to develop habitat selection models across large landscapes and multiple seasons for prioritizing habitat for a species of conservation concern. Greater sage-grouse (<i>Centrocercus urophasianus</i>, hereafter sage-grouse) occur in western semi-arid landscapes in North America. Range-wide population declines of this species have been documented, and it is currently considered as “warranted but precluded” from listing under the United States Endangered Species Act. Wyoming is predicted to remain a stronghold for sage-grouse populations and contains approximately 37% of remaining birds. We compiled location data from 14 unique radiotelemetry studies (data collected 1994–2010) and habitat data from high-quality, biologically relevant, geographic information system (GIS) layers across Wyoming. We developed habitat selection models for greater sage-grouse across Wyoming for 3 distinct life stages: 1) nesting, 2) summer, and 3) winter. We developed patch and landscape models across 4 extents, producing statewide and regional (southwest, central, northeast) models for Wyoming. Habitat selection varied among regions and seasons, yet preferred habitat attributes generally matched the extensive literature on sage-grouse seasonal habitat requirements. Across seasons and regions, birds preferred areas with greater percentage sagebrush cover and avoided paved roads, agriculture, and forested areas. Birds consistently preferred areas with higher precipitation in the summer and avoided rugged terrain in the winter. Selection for sagebrush cover varied regionally with stronger selection in the Northeast region, likely because of limited availability, whereas avoidance of paved roads was fairly consistent across regions. We chose resource selection function (RSF) thresholds for each model set (seasonal × regional combination) that delineated important seasonal habitats for sage-grouse. Each model set showed good validation and discriminatory capabilities within study-site boundaries. We applied the nesting-season models to a novel area not included in model development. The percentage of independent nest locations that fell directly within identified important habitat was not overly impressive in the novel area (49%); however, including a 500-m buffer around important habitat captured 98% of independent nest locations within the novel area. We also used leks and associated peak male counts as a proxy for nesting habitat outside of the study sites used to develop the models. A 1.5-km buffer around the important nesting habitat boundaries included 77% of males counted at leks in Wyoming outside of the study sites. Data were not available to quantitatively test the performance of the summer and winter models outside our study sites. The collection of models presented here represents large-scale resource-management planning tools that are a significant advancement to previous tools in terms of spatial and temporal resolution.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wmon.1014","usgsCitation":"Fedy, B., Doherty, K., Aldridge, C.L., O’Donnell, M.S., Beck, J.L., Bedrosian, B., Gummer, D., Holloran, M.J., Johnson, G., Kaczor, N.W., Kirol, C., Mandich, C., Marshall, D., McKee, G., Olson, C., Pratt, A.C., Swanson, C.C., and Walker, B.L., 2014, Habitat prioritization across large landscapes, multiple seasons, and novel areas: an example using greater sage-grouse in Wyoming: Wildlife Monographs, v. 190, no. 1, p. 1-39, https://doi.org/10.1002/wmon.1014.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-049825","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"projection":"Wyoming Lambert","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","volume":"190","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54379588e4b08a816ca6360d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wmon.1014","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wmon.1014","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Fedy Bradley C., Doherty Kevin E., Aldridge Cameron L., O'Donnell Micheal, Beck Jeffrey L., Bedrosian Bryan, Gummer David, Holloran Matthew J., Johnson Gregory D., Kaczor Nicholas W., Kirol Christopher P., Mandich Cheryl A., Marshall David, Mckee Gwyn, Olson Chad, Pratt Aaron C., Swanson Christopher C., Walker Brett L.","journalName":"Wildlife Monographs","publicationDate":"9/2014","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fedy, Bradley C.","contributorId":40536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fedy","given":"Bradley C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doherty, Kevin E.","contributorId":99490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"Kevin E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Donnell, Michael S. 0000-0002-3488-003X odonnellm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-003X","contributorId":3351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Michael","email":"odonnellm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beck, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":14753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bedrosian, Bryan","contributorId":29754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Bryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gummer, David","contributorId":33648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gummer","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Holloran, Matthew J.","contributorId":63745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloran","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, Gregory D.","contributorId":14326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Gregory D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kaczor, Nicholas W.","contributorId":21096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaczor","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kirol, Christopher P.","contributorId":49723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirol","given":"Christopher P.","affiliations":[{"id":12785,"text":"Big Horn Environmental Consultants","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":502938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mandich, Cheryl A.","contributorId":71496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandich","given":"Cheryl A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Marshall, David","contributorId":29755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McKee, Gwyn","contributorId":42156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Gwyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Olson, Chad","contributorId":39710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Chad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Pratt, Aaron C.","contributorId":68670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Swanson, Christopher C.","contributorId":53316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Walker, Brett L.","contributorId":87475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70122983,"text":"sim3308 - 2014 - Water-level altitudes 2014 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973-2013 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T16:52:24","indexId":"sim3308","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-08T09:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3308","title":"Water-level altitudes 2014 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973-2013 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Most of the land-surface subsidence in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas, has occurred as a direct result of groundwater withdrawals for municipal supply, commercial and industrial use, and irrigation that depressured and dewatered the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, thereby causing compaction of the aquifer sediments, mostly in the fine-grained clay and silt layers. This report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District, is one in an annual series of reports depicting water-level altitudes and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and measured compaction of subsurface sediments in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region. The report contains maps depicting approximate 2014 water-level altitudes (represented by measurements made during December 2013&ndash;March 2014) for the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers; maps depicting 1-year (2013&ndash;14) water-level changes for each aquifer; maps depicting contoured 5-year (2009&ndash;14) water-level changes for each aquifer; maps depicting contoured long-term (1990&ndash;2014 and 1977&ndash;2014) water-level changes for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers; a map depicting contoured long-term (2000&ndash;14) water-level changes for the Jasper aquifer; a map depicting locations of borehole-extensometer sites; and graphs depicting measured cumulative compaction of subsurface sediments at the borehole extensometers during 1973&ndash;2013. Tables listing the data used to construct each water-level map for each aquifer and the compaction graphs are included.</p>\n<p>In 2014, water-level-altitude contours for the Chicot aquifer ranged from 200 ft below the vertical datum (National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 or the North American Vertical Datum of 1988; hereinafter, datum) in a small, localized area in southwestern Harris County to 200 ft above datum in western Montgomery County. Water-level changes for 2013&ndash;14 in the Chicot aquifer ranged from a 19-foot (ft) decline to a 31-ft rise. Contoured 5-year and long-term water-level changes in the Chicot aquifer ranged from an 80-ft decline to a 70-ft rise (2009&ndash;14), from a 120-ft decline to a 100-ft rise (1990&ndash;2014), and from a 120-ft decline to a 200-ft rise (1977&ndash;2014). In 2014, water-level-altitude contours for the Evangeline aquifer ranged from 300 ft below datum in two small, localized areas in south-central Montgomery County to 200 ft above datum in southeastern Grimes and northwestern Montgomery Counties. Water-level changes for 2013&ndash;14 in the Evangeline aquifer ranged from a 57-ft decline to a 47-ft rise. Contoured 5-year and long-term water-level changes in the Evangeline aquifer ranged from a 60-ft decline to a 100-ft rise (2009&ndash;14), from a 220-ft decline to a 240-ft rise (1990&ndash;2014), and from a 340-ft decline to a 260-ft rise (1977&ndash;2014). In 2014, water-level-altitude contours for the Jasper aquifer ranged from 250 ft below datum in south-central Montgomery County to 250 ft above datum in northwestern Montgomery County and extending into east-central Grimes and southwestern Walker Counties. Water-level changes for 2013&ndash;14 in the Jasper aquifer ranged from a 51-ft decline to a 40-ft rise. Contoured 5-year and long-term water-level changes in the Jasper aquifer ranged from a 100-ft decline to 40-ft rise (2009&ndash;14) and from a 220-ft decline to no change (2000&ndash;14).</p>\n<p>Compaction of subsurface sediments (mostly in the fine-grained clay and silt layers) composing the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers was recorded continuously by using analog technology at the 13 borehole extensometers at 11 sites that were either activated or installed between 1973 and 1980. For the period of record beginning in 1973 (or later depending on activation or installation date) and ending in December 2013, measured cumulative compaction at the 13 extensometers ranged from 0.100 ft at the Texas City-Moses Lake extensometer to 3.654 ft at the Addicks extensometer. The rate of compaction varies from site to site because of differences in rates of groundwater withdrawal in the areas adjacent to each extensometer site and differences among sites in the ratios of clay, silt, and sand and compressibility of the subsurface sediments. Therefore, it is not appropriate to extrapolate or infer a rate of compaction for an adjacent area on the basis of the rate of compaction measured at nearby extensometers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3308","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Kasmarek, M.C., Johnson, M., and Ramage, J.K., 2014, Water-level altitudes 2014 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973-2013 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3308, Report: vii, 20 p.; 16 Sheets: 17.92 x 22.92 inches or smaller; 4 Tables; Appendix; Datasets; ReadMe, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3308.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 20 p.; 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,{"id":70124024,"text":"ofr20141197 - 2014 - An evaluation of remote sensing technologies for the detection of residual contamination at ready-for-anticipated use sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-07T12:55:39","indexId":"ofr20141197","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-07T12:46:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1197","title":"An evaluation of remote sensing technologies for the detection of residual contamination at ready-for-anticipated use sites","docAbstract":"Operational problems with site access and information, XRF instrument operation, and imagery collections hampered the effective data collection and analysis process. Of the 24 sites imaged and analyzed, 17 appeared to be relatively clean with no discernible metal contamination, hydrocarbons, or asbestos in the soil. None of the samples for the sites in Louisiana had any result exceeding the appropriate industrial or residential standard for arsenic or lead. One site in South Carolina (North Street Dump) had two samples that exceeded the residential standard for lead. One site in Texas (Cadiz Street), and four sites in Florida (210 North 12th Street, Encore Retail Site, Clearwater Auto, and 22nd Street Mixed Use) were found to have some level of residual metal contamination above the applicable residential or commercial Risk-Based Concentration (RBC) standard. Three of the Florida sites showing metal contamination also showed a pattern of vegetation stress based on standard vegetation analysis techniques.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141197","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Slonecker, E., and Fisher, G.B., 2014, An evaluation of remote sensing technologies for the detection of residual contamination at ready-for-anticipated use sites: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1197, v, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141197.","productDescription":"v, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057068","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295017,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141197.jpg"},{"id":295015,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1197/"},{"id":295016,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1197/pdf/of2014-1197.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Louisiana, South Carolina, Texas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5434f285e4b0a4f4b46a2358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slonecker, E. Terrence","contributorId":20677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slonecker","given":"E. Terrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Gary B. gfisher@usgs.gov","contributorId":3034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Gary","email":"gfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":500566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70100139,"text":"70100139 - 2014 - Comparing species distribution models constructed with different subsets of environmental predictors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-12T15:00:28","indexId":"70100139","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-07T09:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing species distribution models constructed with different subsets of environmental predictors","docAbstract":"<p>Aim</p>\n<p>To assess the usefulness of combining climate predictors with additional types of environmental predictors in species distribution models for range-restricted species, using common correlative species distribution modelling approaches.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Location</p>\n<p>Florida, USA</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Methods</p>\n<p>We used five different algorithms to create distribution models for 14 vertebrate species, using seven different predictor sets: two with bioclimate predictors only, and five &lsquo;combination&rsquo; models using bioclimate predictors plus &lsquo;additional&rsquo; predictors from groups representing: human influence, land cover, extreme weather or noise (spatially random data).We use a linear mixed-model approach to analyse the effects of predictor set and algorithm on model accuracy, variable importance scores and spatial predictions.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Results</p>\n<p>Regardless of modelling algorithm, no one predictor set produced significantly more accurate models than all others, though models including human influence predictors were the only ones with significantly higher accuracy than climate-only models. Climate predictors had consistently higher variable importance scores than additional predictors in combination models, though there was variation related to predictor type and algorithm. While spatial predictions varied moderately between predictor sets, discrepancies were significantly greater between modelling algorithms than between predictor sets. Furthermore, there were no differences in the level of agreement between binary &lsquo;presence&ndash;absence&rsquo; maps and independent species range maps related to the predictor set used.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Main conclusions</p>\n<p>Our results indicate that additional predictors have relatively minor effects on the accuracy of climate-based species distribution models and minor to moderate effects on spatial predictions. We suggest that implementing species distribution models with only climate predictors may provide an effective and efficient approach for initial assessments of environmental suitability.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversity and Distributions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12247","usgsCitation":"Bucklin, D., Basille, M., Benscoter, A.M., Brandt, L., Mazzotti, F., Romañach, S., Speroterra, C., and Watling, J.I., 2014, Comparing species distribution models constructed with different subsets of environmental predictors: Diversity and Distributions, v. 21, no. 1, p. 23-35, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12247.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051786","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294978,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12247"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5434f285e4b0a4f4b46a235a","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/ddi.12247","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12247","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Bucklin David N., Basille Mathieu, Benscoter Allison M., Brandt Laura A., Mazzotti Frank J., Romañach Stephanie S., Speroterra Carolina, Watling James I.","journalName":"Diversity and Distributions","publicationDate":"8/21/2014","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bucklin, David N.","contributorId":58963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bucklin","given":"David N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Basille, Mathieu","contributorId":33246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basille","given":"Mathieu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benscoter, Allison M.","contributorId":57781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benscoter","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brandt, Laura A.","contributorId":23089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Laura A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":90236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Romañach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":2331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romañach","given":"Stephanie S.","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Speroterra, Carolina","contributorId":34451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speroterra","given":"Carolina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Watling, James I.","contributorId":10352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watling","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70119019,"text":"sir20145148 - 2014 - Documentation of a groundwater flow model (SJRRPGW) for the San Joaquin River Restoration Program study area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-08T13:30:42","indexId":"sir20145148","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-07T08:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5148","title":"Documentation of a groundwater flow model (SJRRPGW) for the San Joaquin River Restoration Program study area, California","docAbstract":"<p>To better understand the potential effects of restoration flows on existing drainage problems, anticipated as a result of the San Joaquin River Restoration Program (SJRRP), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), developed a groundwater flow model (SJRRPGW) of the SJRRP study area that is within 5 miles of the San Joaquin River and adjacent bypass system from Friant Dam to the Merced River. The primary goal of the SJRRP is to reestablish the natural ecology of the river to a degree that restores salmon and other fish populations. Increased flows in the river, particularly during the spring salmon run, are a key component of the restoration effort. A potential consequence of these increased river flows is the exacerbation of existing irrigation drainage problems along a section of the river between Mendota and the confluence with the Merced River. Historically, this reach typically was underlain by a water table within 10 feet of the land surface, thus requiring careful irrigation management and (or) artificial drainage to maintain crop health. The SJRRPGW is designed to meet the short-term needs of the SJRRP; future versions of the model may incorporate potential enhancements, several of which are identified in this report.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The SJRRPGW was constructed using the USGS groundwater flow model MODFLOW and was built on the framework of the USGS Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM) within which the SJRRPGW model domain is embedded. The Farm Process (FMP2) was used to simulate the supply and demand components of irrigated agriculture. The Streamflow-Routing Package (SFR2) was used to simulate the streams and bypasses and their interaction with the aquifer system. The 1,300-square mile study area was subdivided into 0.25-mile by 0.25-mile cells. The sediment texture of the aquifer system, which was used to distribute hydraulic properties by model cell, was refined from that used in the CVHM to better represent the natural heterogeneity of aquifer-system materials within the model domain. In addition, the stream properties were updated from the CVHM to better simulate stream-aquifer interactions, and water-budget subregions were refined to better simulate agricultural water supply and demand. External boundary conditions were derived from the CVHM.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The SJRRPGW was calibrated for April 1961 to September 2003 by using groundwater-level observations from 133 wells and streamflow observations from 19 streamgages. The model was calibrated using public-domain parameter estimation software (PEST) in a semi-automated manner. The simulated groundwater-level elevations and trends (including seasonal fluctuations) and surface-water flow magnitudes and trends reasonably matched observed data. The calibrated model is planned to be used to assess the potential effects of restoration flows on agricultural lands and the relative capabilities of proposed SJRRP actions to reduce these effects.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145148","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Traum, J.A., Phillips, S.P., Bennett, G.L., Zamora, C., and Metzger, L.F., 2014, Documentation of a groundwater flow model (SJRRPGW) for the San Joaquin River Restoration Program study area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5148, Report: xii, 151 p.; 3 Interactive Animations, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145148.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 151 p.; 3 Interactive Animations","numberOfPages":"167","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-033499","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145148.jpg"},{"id":294965,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5148/pdf/sir2014-5148.pdf"},{"id":294967,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5148/downloads/sir2014-5148_D2GW.swf"},{"id":294966,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5148/downloads/sir2014-5148_StreamSeepage.swf"},{"id":294963,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5148/"},{"id":294964,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5148/downloads/sir2014-5148_GWE.swf"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5434f286e4b0a4f4b46a235c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Traum, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-4787-3680 jtraum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-3680","contributorId":4780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jtraum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, George L. V 0000-0002-6239-1604 georbenn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-1604","contributorId":1373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"George","suffix":"V","email":"georbenn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zamora, Celia 0000-0003-1456-4360 czamora@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-4360","contributorId":1514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamora","given":"Celia","email":"czamora@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Metzger, Loren F. 0000-0003-2454-2966 lmetzger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2454-2966","contributorId":1378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"Loren","email":"lmetzger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":497571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70159647,"text":"70159647 - 2014 - Methane hydrates in nature - Current knowledge and challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T12:31:13","indexId":"70159647","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-07T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2209,"text":"Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane hydrates in nature - Current knowledge and challenges","docAbstract":"<p>Recognizing the importance of methane hydrate research and the need for a coordinated effort, the United States Congress enacted the Methane Hydrate Research and Development Act of 2000. At the same time, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry in Japan launched a research program to develop plans for a methane hydrate exploratory drilling project in the Nankai Trough. India, China, the Republic of Korea, and other nations also have established large methane hydrate research and development programs. Government-funded scientific research drilling expeditions and production test studies have provided a wealth of information on the occurrence of methane hydrates in nature. Numerous studies have shown that the amount of gas stored as methane hydrates in the world may exceed the volume of known organic carbon sources. However, methane hydrates represent both a scientific and technical challenge, and much remains to be learned about their characteristics and occurrence in nature. Methane hydrate research in recent years has mostly focused on: (1) documenting the geologic parameters that control the occurrence and stability of methane hydrates in nature, (2) assessing the volume of natural gas stored within various methane hydrate accumulations, (3) analyzing the production response and characteristics of methane hydrates, (4) identifying and predicting natural and induced environmental and climate impacts of natural methane hydrates, (5) analyzing the methane hydrate role as a geohazard, (6) establishing the means to detect and characterize methane hydrate accumulations using geologic and geophysical data, and (7) establishing the thermodynamic phase equilibrium properties of methane hydrates as a function of temperature, pressure, and gas composition. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Consortium for Ocean Leadership (COL) combined their efforts in 2012 to assess the contributions that scientific drilling has made and could continue to make to advance our understanding of methane hydrates in nature. COL assembled a Methane Hydrate Project Science Team with members from academia, industry, and government. This Science Team worked with COL and DOE to develop and host the Methane Hydrate Community Workshop, which surveyed a substantial cross section of the methane hydrate research community for input on the most important research developments in our understanding of methane hydrates in nature and their potential role as an energy resource, a geohazard, and/or as an agent of global climate change. Our understanding of how methane hydrates occur in nature is still growing and evolving, and it is known with certainty that field, laboratory, and modeling studies have contributed greatly to our understanding of hydrates in nature and will continue to be a critical source of the information needed to advance our understanding of methane hydrates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Columbus, OH","doi":"10.1021/je500604h","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., 2014, Methane hydrates in nature - Current knowledge and challenges: Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, v. 60, no. 2, p. 319-329, https://doi.org/10.1021/je500604h.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"329","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057920","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c4ee4b0ebfbef0d3165","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70116792,"text":"sir20145136 - 2014 - Simulation of groundwater flow and the interaction of groundwater and surface water in the Willamette Basin and Central Willamette subbasin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T13:42:06","indexId":"sir20145136","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-06T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5136","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow and the interaction of groundwater and surface water in the Willamette Basin and Central Willamette subbasin, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>Full appropriation of tributary streamflow during summer, a growing population, and agricultural needs are increasing the demand for groundwater in the Willamette Basin. Greater groundwater use could diminish streamflow and create seasonal and long-term declines in groundwater levels. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Oregon Water Resources Department (OWRD) cooperated in a study to develop a conceptual and quantitative understanding of the groundwater-flow system of the Willamette Basin with an emphasis on the Central Willamette subbasin. This final report from the cooperative study describes numerical models of the regional and local groundwater-flow systems and evaluates the effects of pumping on groundwater and surface‑water resources. The models described in this report can be used to evaluate spatial and temporal effects of pumping on groundwater, base flow, and stream capture.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The regional model covers about 6,700 square miles of the 12,000-square mile Willamette and Sandy River drainage basins in northwestern Oregon—referred to as the Willamette Basin in this report. The Willamette Basin is a topographic and structural trough that lies between the Coast Range and the Cascade Range and is divided into five sedimentary subbasins underlain and separated by basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group (Columbia River basalt) that crop out as local uplands. From north to south, these five subbasins are the Portland subbasin, the Tualatin subbasin, the Central Willamette subbasin, the Stayton subbasin, and the Southern Willamette subbasin. Recharge in the Willamette Basin is primarily from precipitation in the uplands of the Cascade Range, Coast Range, and western Cascades areas. Groundwater moves downward and laterally through sedimentary or basalt units until it discharges locally to wells, evapotranspiration, or streams. Mean annual groundwater withdrawal for water years 1995 and 1996 was about 400 cubic feet per second; irrigation withdrawals accounted for about 80 percent of that total. The upper 180 feet of productive aquifers in the Central Willamette and Southern Willamette subbasins produced about 70 percent of the total pumped volume.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In this study, the USGS constructed a three-dimensional numerical finite-difference groundwater-flow model of the Willamette Basin representing the six hydrogeologic units, defined in previous investigations, as six model layers. From youngest to oldest, and [generally] uppermost to lowermost they are the: upper sedimentary unit, Willamette silt unit, middle sedimentary unit, lower sedimentary unit, Columbia River basalt unit, and basement confining unit. The high Cascade unit is not included in the groundwater-flow model because it is not present within the model boundaries. Geographic boundaries are simulated as no-flow (no water flowing in or out of the model), except where the Columbia River is simulated as a constant hydraulic head boundary. Streams are designated as head-dependent-flux boundaries, in which the flux depends on the elevation of the stream surface. Groundwater recharge from precipitation was estimated using the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS), a watershed model that accounts for evapotranspiration from the unsaturated zone. Evapotranspiration from the saturated zone was not considered an important component of groundwater discharge. Well pumping was simulated as specified flux and included public supply, irrigation, and industrial pumping. Hydraulic conductivity values were estimated from previous studies through aquifer slug and permeameter tests, specific capacity data, core analysis, and modeling. Upper, middle and lower sedimentary unit horizontal hydraulic conductivity values were differentiated between the Portland subbasin and the Tualatin, Central Willamette, and Southern Willamette subbasins based on preliminary model results.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145136","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Oregon Water Resources Department","usgsCitation":"Herrera, N.B., Burns, E., and Conlon, T.D., 2014, Simulation of groundwater flow and the interaction of groundwater and surface water in the Willamette Basin and Central Willamette subbasin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5136, xvii, 152 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145136.","productDescription":"xvii, 152 p.","numberOfPages":"170","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-022627","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145136.jpg"},{"id":294956,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5136/pdf/sir20145136.pdf"},{"id":294951,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5136/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 10N","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5433a105e4b095098ca855a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herrera, Nora B. 0000-0002-7744-5206","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7744-5206","contributorId":37666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrera","given":"Nora","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Erick R. 0000-0002-1747-0506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":100303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Erick R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conlon, Terrence D. 0000-0002-5899-7187 tdconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5899-7187","contributorId":819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Terrence","email":"tdconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70215053,"text":"70215053 - 2014 - Seasonal weather patterns drive population vital rates and persistence in a stream fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T20:08:06.894274","indexId":"70215053","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-06T15:02:22","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal weather patterns drive population vital rates and persistence in a stream fish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Climate change affects seasonal weather patterns, but little is known about the relative importance of seasonal weather patterns on animal population vital rates. Even when such information exists, data are typically only available from intensive fieldwork (e.g., mark–recapture studies) at a limited spatial extent. Here, we investigated effects of seasonal air temperature and precipitation (fall, winter, and spring) on survival and recruitment of brook trout (</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>) at a broad spatial scale using a novel stage‐structured population model. The data were a 15‐year record of brook trout abundance from 72 sites distributed across a 170‐km‐long mountain range in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA. Population vital rates responded differently to weather and site‐specific conditions. Specifically, young‐of‐year survival was most strongly affected by spring temperature, adult survival by elevation and per‐capita recruitment by winter precipitation. Low fall precipitation and high winter precipitation, the latter of which is predicted to increase under climate change for the study region, had the strongest negative effects on trout populations. Simulations show that trout abundance could be greatly reduced under constant high winter precipitation, consistent with the expected effects of gravel‐scouring flows on eggs and newly hatched individuals. However, high‐elevation sites would be less vulnerable to local extinction because they supported higher adult survival. Furthermore, the majority of brook trout populations are projected to persist if high winter precipitation occurs only intermittently (≤3 of 5&nbsp;years) due to density‐dependent recruitment. Variable drivers of vital rates should be commonly found in animal populations characterized by ontogenetic changes in habitat, and such stage‐structured effects may increase population persistence to changing climate by not affecting all life stages simultaneously. Yet, our results also demonstrate that weather patterns during seemingly less consequential seasons (e.g., winter precipitation) can have major impacts on animal population dynamics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12837","usgsCitation":"Kanno, Y., Letcher, B., Hitt, N.P., Boughton, D.A., Wofford, J.E., and Zipkin, E., 2014, Seasonal weather patterns drive population vital rates and persistence in a stream fish: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 5, p. 1856-1870, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12837.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1856","endPage":"1870","ipdsId":"IP-060225","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12837","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":379108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.9200439453125,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.310302734375,\n              37.54022177661216\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.519287109375,\n              38.1777509666256\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.1402587890625,\n              38.724090458956965\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.2061767578125,\n              38.997841307500714\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.387451171875,\n              39.0533181067413\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.59069824218749,\n              38.7283759182398\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.81591796875,\n              38.37611542403604\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6783447265625,\n              37.70120736474139\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.969482421875,\n              37.45741810262938\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9200439453125,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kanno, Yoichiro ykanno@usgs.gov","contributorId":4876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanno","given":"Yoichiro","email":"ykanno@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":800653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":242669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hitt, Nathaniel P. 0000-0002-1046-4568 nhitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-4568","contributorId":4435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nhitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boughton, David A.","contributorId":172477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boughton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wofford, John E. B.","contributorId":38951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wofford","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zipkin, Elise ezipkin@usgs.gov","contributorId":470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise","email":"ezipkin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":800657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70128127,"text":"70128127 - 2014 - A cross-validation package driving Netica with python","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-03T16:17:23","indexId":"70128127","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-03T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A cross-validation package driving Netica with python","docAbstract":"Bayesian networks (BNs) are powerful tools for probabilistically simulating natural systems and emulating process models. Cross validation is a technique to avoid overfitting resulting from overly complex BNs. Overfitting reduces predictive skill. Cross-validation for BNs is known but rarely implemented due partly to a lack of software tools designed to work with available BN packages. CVNetica is open-source, written in Python, and extends the Netica software package to perform cross-validation and read, rebuild, and learn BNs from data. Insights gained from cross-validation and implications on prediction versus description are illustrated with: a data-driven oceanographic application; and a model-emulation application. These examples show that overfitting occurs when BNs become more complex than allowed by supporting data and overfitting incurs computational costs as well as causing a reduction in prediction skill. CVNetica evaluates overfitting using several complexity metrics (we used level of discretization) and its impact on performance metrics (we used skill).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Modelling and Software","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.007","usgsCitation":"Fienen, M., and Plant, N.G., 2014, A cross-validation package driving Netica with python: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 63, p. 14-23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.007.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-058198","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294937,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.007"},{"id":294950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542fac86e4b092f17df61cc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70128065,"text":"70128065 - 2014 - Avian influenza virus ecology in Iceland shorebirds: intercontinental reassortment and movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-03T13:09:01","indexId":"70128065","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-03T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1988,"text":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian influenza virus ecology in Iceland shorebirds: intercontinental reassortment and movement","docAbstract":"<p>Shorebirds are a primary reservoir of avian influenza viruses (AIV). We conducted surveillance studies in Iceland shorebird populations for 3 years, documenting high serological evidence of AIV exposure in shorebirds, primarily in Ruddy Turnstones (<i>Arenaria interpres</i>; seroprevalence = 75%). However, little evidence of virus infection was found in these shorebird populations and only two turnstone AIVs (H2N7; H5N1) were able to be phylogenetically examined. These analyses showed that viruses from Iceland shorebirds were primarily derived from Eurasian lineage viruses, yet the H2 hemagglutinin gene segment was from a North American lineage previously detected in a gull from Iceland the previous year. The H5N1 virus was determined to be low pathogenic, however the PB2 gene was closely related to the PB2 from highly pathogenic H5N1 isolates from China. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the turnstones were infected with at least one of these AIV while in Iceland and confirm Iceland as an important location where AIV from different continents interact and reassort, creating new virus genomes. Mounting data warrant continued surveillance for AIV in wild birds in the North Atlantic, including Canada, Greenland, and the northeast USA to determine the risks of new AI viruses and their intercontinental movement in this region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2014.09.013","usgsCitation":"Hall, J.S., Hallgrimsson, G.T., Suwannanarn, K., Sreevatsen, S., Ip, S., TeSlaa, J., Nashold, S.W., and Dusek, R., 2014, Avian influenza virus ecology in Iceland shorebirds: intercontinental reassortment and movement: Infection, Genetics and Evolution, v. 28, p. 130-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2014.09.013.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"130","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044941","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294896,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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snashold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8869-6633","contributorId":3611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nashold","given":"Sean","email":"snashold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479 rdusek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":2397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert J.","email":"rdusek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70120244,"text":"sir20145152 - 2014 - Hydrogeologic framework and occurrence, movement, and chemical characterization of groundwater in Dixie Valley, west-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T13:04:53","indexId":"sir20145152","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-02T12:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5152","title":"Hydrogeologic framework and occurrence, movement, and chemical characterization of groundwater in Dixie Valley, west-central Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>Dixie Valley, a primarily undeveloped basin in west-central Nevada, is being considered for groundwater exportation. Proposed pumping would occur from the basin-fill aquifer. In response to proposed exportation, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation and Churchill County, conducted a study to improve the understanding of groundwater resources in Dixie Valley. The objective of this report is to characterize the hydrogeologic framework, the occurrence and movement of groundwater, the general water quality of the basin-fill aquifer, and the potential mixing between basin-fill and geothermal aquifers in Dixie Valley. Various types of geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical data were compiled from previous studies and collected in support of this study. Hydrogeologic units in Dixie Valley were defined to characterize rocks and sediments with similar lithologies and hydraulic properties influencing groundwater flow. Hydraulic properties of the basin-fill deposits were characterized by transmissivity estimated from aquifer tests and specific-capacity tests. Groundwater-level measurements and hydrogeologic-unit data were combined to create a potentiometric surface map and to characterize groundwater occurrence and movement. Subsurface inflow from adjacent valleys into Dixie Valley through the basin-fill aquifer was evaluated using hydraulic gradients and Darcy flux computations. The chemical signature and groundwater quality of the Dixie Valley basin-fill aquifer, and potential mixing between basin-fill and geothermal aquifers, were evaluated using chemical data collected from wells and springs during the current study and from previous investigations.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Dixie Valley is the terminus of the Dixie Valley flow system, which includes Pleasant, Jersey, Fairview, Stingaree, Cowkick, and Eastgate Valleys. The freshwater aquifer in the study area is composed of unconsolidated basin-fill deposits of Quaternary age. The basin-fill hydrogeologic unit can be several orders of magnitude more transmissive than surrounding and underlying consolidated rocks and Dixie Valley playa deposits. Transmissivity estimates in the basin fill throughout Dixie Valley ranged from 30 to 45,500 feet squared per day; however, a single transmissivity value of 0.1 foot squared per day was estimated for playa deposits.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater generally flows from the mountain range uplands toward the central valley lowlands and eventually discharges near the playa edge. Potentiometric contours east and west of the playa indicate that groundwater is moving eastward from the Stillwater Range and westward from the Clan Alpine Mountains toward the playa. Similarly, groundwater flows from the southern and northern basin boundaries toward the basin center. Subsurface groundwater flow likely enters Dixie Valley from Fairview and Stingaree Valleys in the south and from Jersey and Pleasant Valleys in the north, but groundwater connections through basin-fill deposits were present only across the Fairview and Jersey Valley divides. Annual subsurface inflow from Fairview and Jersey Valleys ranges from 700 to 1,300 acre-feet per year and from 1,800 to 2,300 acre-feet per year, respectively. Groundwater flow between Dixie, Stingaree, and Pleasant Valleys could occur through less transmissive consolidated rocks, but only flow through basin fill was estimated in this study.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater in the playa is distinct from the freshwater, basin-fill aquifer. Groundwater mixing between basin-fill and playa groundwater systems is physically limited by transmissivity contrasts of about four orders of magnitude. Total dissolved solids in playa deposit groundwater are nearly 440 times greater than total dissolved solids in the basin-fill groundwater. These distinctive physical and chemical flow restrictions indicate that groundwater interaction between the basin fill and playa sediments was minimal during this study period (water years 2009–11).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater in Dixie Valley generally can be characterized as a sodium bicarbonate type, with greater proportions of chloride north of the Dixie Valley playa, and greater proportions of sulfate south of the playa. Analysis of major ion water chemistry data sampled during the study period indicates that groundwater north and south of Township 22N differ chemically. Dixie Valley groundwater quality is marginal when compared with national primary and secondary drinking-water standards. Arsenic and fluoride concentrations exceed primary drinking water standards, and total dissolved solids and manganese concentrations exceed secondary drinking water standards in samples collected during this study. High concentrations of boron and tungsten also were observed.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Chemical comparisons between basin-fill and geothermal aquifer water indicate that most basin-fill groundwater sampled could contain 10–20 percent geothermal water. Geothermal indicators such as high temperature, lithium, boron, chloride, and silica suggest that mixing occurs in many wells that tap the basin-fill aquifer, particularly on the north, south, and west sides of the basin. Magnesium-lithium geothermometers indicate that some basin-fill aquifer water sampled for the current study likely originates from water that was heated above background mountain-block recharge temperatures (between 3 and 15 degrees Celsius), highlighting the influence of mixing with warm water that was possibly derived from geothermal sources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145152","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Huntington, J.M., Garcia, C.A., and Rosen, M.R., 2014, Hydrogeologic framework and occurrence, movement, and chemical characterization of groundwater in Dixie Valley, west-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5152, Report: vii, 59 p.; 1 Plate 24 x 36 inches; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145152.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 59 p.; 1 Plate 24 x 36 inches; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-034768","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145152.jpg"},{"id":294827,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5152/"},{"id":294829,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5152/pdf/sir2014-5152.pdf"},{"id":294832,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5152/pdf/sir2014-5152_plate01.pdf"},{"id":294834,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5152/downloads/sir2014-5152_appendixA.xlsx"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e5b0ae4b092f17df5a6ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntington, Jena M. 0000-0002-9291-1404 jmhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9291-1404","contributorId":2294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Jena","email":"jmhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, C. Amanda 0000-0003-3776-3565 cgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-3565","contributorId":1899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.","email":"cgarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70116634,"text":"pp1805 - 2014 - Groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, Dixie Valley, west-central Nevada, March 2009-September 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:41:43.010389","indexId":"pp1805","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-02T12:56:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1805","title":"Groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, Dixie Valley, west-central Nevada, March 2009-September 2011","docAbstract":"<p>With increasing population growth and land-use change, urban communities in the desert Southwest are progressively looking toward remote basins to supplement existing water supplies. Pending applications by Churchill County for groundwater appropriations from Dixie Valley, Nevada, a primarily undeveloped basin east of the Carson Desert, have prompted a reevaluation of the quantity of naturally discharging groundwater. The objective of this study was to develop a revised, independent estimate of groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration (ET<sub>g</sub>) from Dixie Valley using a combination of eddy-covariance evapotranspiration (ET) measurements and multispectral satellite imagery. Mean annual ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>was estimated during water years 2010 and 2011 at four eddy-covariance sites. Two sites were in phreatophytic shrubland dominated by greasewood, and two sites were on a playa. Estimates of total ET and ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>were supported with vegetation cover mapping, soil physics considerations, water‑level measurements from wells, and isotopic water sourcing analyses to allow partitioning of ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>into evaporation and transpiration components. Site-based ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>estimates were scaled to the basin level by combining remotely sensed imagery with field reconnaissance. Enhanced vegetation index and brightness temperature data were compared with mapped vegetation cover to partition Dixie Valley into five discharging ET units and compute basin-scale ET<sub>g</sub>. Evapotranspiration units were defined within a delineated groundwater discharge area and were partitioned as (1) playa lake, (2) playa, (3) sparse shrubland, (4) moderate-to-dense shrubland, and (5) grassland.</p><p>Groundwater ET is influenced primarily by phreatophytic vegetative cover, salinity of soil and groundwater within the playa, depth to groundwater, solar radiation, and air temperature. The annual groundwater contribution to site‑scale ET ranged from 24 to 61 percent of total ET at vegetated sites and 4 to 15 percent of total ET at playa sites. Mean annual ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>from vegetated sites ranged from 53 millimeters (mm) (0.17 foot [ft], 7.3 percent vegetative cover) to 225 mm (0.74 ft, 24.8 percent vegetative cover). Cumulative liquid‑water fluxes in the unsaturated zone indicate that ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>at vegetated sites was influenced primarily by plant transpiration. Binary mixing analyses of oxygen-18 isotopes in groundwater and shallow soil water indicate that plants predominantly use groundwater throughout the year. Groundwater fractions in greasewood stem water varied seasonally and ranged from 0.63 to 1.0. Mean annual playa ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>ranged from about 11 mm (0.04 ft) at the inner playa site (near-surface volumetric water content of 37–53 percent) to about 20 mm (0.07 ft) at the outer playa site located within 2 kilometers of the playa edge (near-surface volumetric water content of 25–38 percent), but playa ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>estimates were within the probable error (plus or minus [±] 20–23 mm; 0.06–0.08 ft). Varying playa ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>was influenced predominantly by salinity rather than depth to groundwater. Osmotic resistance and physical impediments to ET (such as surface salt crusts and salt precipitate in the soil pore space) increased with increasing salinity toward the playa center, whereas vapor pressure decreased.</p><p>Mean annual basin-scale ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>totaled about 28 million cubic meters (Mm<sup>3</sup>) (23,000 acre-feet [acre-ft]), and represents the sum of ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>from all ET units. Annual groundwater ET from vegetated areas totaled about 26 Mm<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(21,000 acre-ft), and was dominated by the moderate-to-dense shrubland ET unit (54 percent), followed by sparse shrubland (37 percent) and grassland (9 percent) ET units. Senesced grasses observed in the northern most areas of the moderate-to-dense ET unit likely confounded the vegetation index and led to an overestimate of ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>for this ET unit. Therefore, mean annual ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>for moderate-to-dense shrubland presented here is likely an upper bound. Annual groundwater ET from the playa ET unit was 2.2 Mm<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(1,800 acre-ft), whereas groundwater ET from the playa lake ET unit was 0–0.1 Mm<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(0–100 acre-ft). Oxygen-18 and deuterium data indicate discharge from the playa center predominantly represents removal of local precipitation-derived recharge. The playa lake estimate, therefore, is considered an upper bound. Mean annual ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>estimates for Dixie Valley are assumed to represent the pre‑development, long-term ET<sub>g</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>rates within the study area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1805","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Garcia, C.A., Huntington, J.M., Buto, S.G., Moreo, M.T., Smith, J.L., and Andraski, B.J., 2015, Groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, Dixie Valley, west-central Nevada, March 2009–September 2011 (ver. 1.1, April 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1805, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1805.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 89 p.; 8 Appendixes; Evapotranspiration units; Groundwater discharge area; Vegetation index","numberOfPages":"104","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-03-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-034747","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/images/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":294826,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/pdf/pp1805.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":294840,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?pp1805_ETunits","text":"Evapotranspiration units"},{"id":294825,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/"},{"id":401429,"rank":7,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/versionHist.txt"},{"id":294841,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?pp1805_GDA","text":"Groundwater discharge area"},{"id":294842,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?pp1805_VI","text":"Vegetation index"},{"id":401430,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/downloads/pp1805_appendix01.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"786 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":401431,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/downloads/pp1805_appendix02.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"26 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":401432,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/downloads/pp1805_appendix03.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"25 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":401433,"rank":11,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/downloads/pp1805_appendix04.xlsx","text":"Appendix 4","size":"32 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":401434,"rank":12,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/downloads/pp1805_appendix05.xlsx","text":"Appendix 5","size":"15 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":401435,"rank":13,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/downloads/pp1805_appendix06.xlsx","text":"Appendix 6","size":"74 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":401436,"rank":14,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/pdf/pp1805_appendix07.pdf","text":"Appendix 7","size":"46 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401437,"rank":15,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1805/downloads/pp1805_appendix08.xlsx","text":"Appendix 8","size":"13 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Dixie Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.2183837890625,\n              39.26203141523749\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.2183837890625,\n              40.065460682065535\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.23510742187501,\n              40.065460682065535\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.23510742187501,\n              39.26203141523749\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.2183837890625,\n              39.26203141523749\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: October 2, 2014; Version 1.1: April 7, 2015","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_nv@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_nv@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <br><a data-mce-href=\"https://nevada.usgs.gov/water/\" href=\"https://nevada.usgs.gov/water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nevada Water Science Center</a><br><a data-mce-href=\"https://usgs.gov/\" href=\"https://usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Geological Survey</a><br>2730 N. Deer Run Rd.<br>Carson City, NV 89701<br></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Description of Study Area</li><li>Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration—Site Scale</li><li>Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration—Basin Scale</li><li>Limitations of Methodology</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Evapotranspiration and Micrometeorological Data for the Dixie Valley Study Area, Nevada, April 2009–September 2011</li><li>Appendix 2. Measured and Computed Soil Hydraulic Properties at Evapotranspiration Sites within the Dixie Valley Study Area, Nevada, and Unsaturated-Water Movement Equations</li><li>Appendix 3. Source Area Analysis for Evapotranspiration Sites within the Dixie Valley Study Area, Nevada, April 2009–September 2011</li><li>Appendix 4. Playa Groundwater-Level Data for the Dixie Valley Study Area, Nevada, April 2009–August 2011</li><li>Appendix 5. Playa Runoff Data for the Dixie Valley Study Area, Nevada</li><li>Appendix 6. Chamber Evaporation Data for the Dixie Valley Study Area, Nevada</li><li>Appendix 7. Description of Spatial Datasets Used to Calculate Basin-Scale Annual Groundwater Discharge Estimates by Evapotranspiration</li><li>Appendix 8. Playa Groundwater Discharge Determined from Analytical Hydraulic Calculations Based on Darcy’s Law in the Dixie Valley Study Area, Nevada</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2014-10-02","revisedDate":"2015-04-07","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e5b0ae4b092f17df5a6b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, C. Amanda 0000-0003-3776-3565 cgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-3565","contributorId":1899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.","email":"cgarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntington, Jena M","contributorId":34447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Jena","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buto, Susan G. 0000-0002-1107-9549 sbuto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9549","contributorId":1057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buto","given":"Susan","email":"sbuto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moreo, Michael T. 0000-0002-9122-6958 mtmoreo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6958","contributorId":2363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreo","given":"Michael","email":"mtmoreo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, J. LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":495825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70123518,"text":"ofr20141192 - 2014 - Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water year 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T16:54:35","indexId":"ofr20141192","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-02T11:03:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1192","title":"Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water year 2009","docAbstract":"<p>Surface-water supplies are important sources of drinking water for residents in the Triangle area of North Carolina, which is located within the upper Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins. Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey and a consortium of governments have tracked water-quality conditions and trends in several of the area’s water-supply lakes and streams. This report summarizes data collected through this cooperative effort, known as the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, during October 2008 through September 2009. Major findings for this period include:</p>\n<br/>\n<p>- Annual precipitation was approximately 20 percent below the long-term mean (average) annual precipitation.<br/>\n\n- Streamflow was below the long-term mean at the 10 project streamgages during most of the year.<br/>\n\n- More than 7,000 individual measurements of water quality were made at a total of 26 sites—15 in the Neuse River Basin and 11 in the Cape Fear River Basin. Forty-seven water-quality properties and constituents were measured.<br/>\n\n- All observations met North Carolina water-quality standards for water temperature, pH, hardness, chloride, fluoride, sulfate, nitrate, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, nickel, and selenium.<br/>\n\n- North Carolina water-quality standards were exceeded one or more times for dissolved oxygen, dissolved oxygen percent saturation, chlorophyll a, mercury, copper, iron, manganese, silver, and zinc. Exceedances occurred at 23 sites—13 in the Neuse River Basin and 10 in the Cape Fear River Basin.<br/>\n\n- Stream samples collected during storm events contained elevated concentrations of 18 water-quality constituents compared to samples collected during non-storm events.<br/>\n\n- Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were within ranges observed during previous years.<br/>\n\n- Five reservoirs had chlorophyll a concentrations in excess of 40 micrograms per liter at least once during 2009: Little River Reservoir, Falls Lake, Cane Creek Reservoir, University Lake, and Jordan Lake.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141192","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project Steering Committee","usgsCitation":"Pfeifle, C.A., Giorgino, M., and Rasmussen, R., 2014, Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water year 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1192, Report: iv, 13 p.; Tables 1 and 2, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141192.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 13 p.; Tables 1 and 2","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-10-01","temporalEnd":"2009-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-051402","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141192.jpg"},{"id":294789,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1192/table"},{"id":294787,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1192/"},{"id":294788,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1192/pdf/ofr2014-1192.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Fear River Basin, Neuse River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.55749511718749,\n              35.45172093634465\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.55749511718749,\n              36.4477991295848\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.67333984375,\n              36.4477991295848\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.67333984375,\n              35.45172093634465\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.55749511718749,\n              35.45172093634465\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e5b0ce4b092f17df5a6cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pfeifle, C. A.","contributorId":106424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfeifle","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giorgino, M. J.","contributorId":59735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giorgino","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rasmussen, R. B.","contributorId":27375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70121281,"text":"sir20145163 - 2014 - Assessment of the spatial extent and height of flooding in Lake Champlain during May 2011, using satellite remote sensing and ground-based information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T09:02:28","indexId":"sir20145163","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-02T08:56:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5163","title":"Assessment of the spatial extent and height of flooding in Lake Champlain during May 2011, using satellite remote sensing and ground-based information","docAbstract":"Landsat 5 and moderate resolution imaging spectro-radiometer satellite imagery were used to map the area of inundation of Lake Champlain, which forms part of the border between New York and Vermont, during May 2011. During this month, the lake’s water levels were record high values not observed in the previous 150 years. Lake inundation area determined from the satellite imagery is correlated with lake stage measured at three U.S. Geological Survey lake level gages to provide estimates of lake area at different lake levels (stage/area rating) and also compared with the levels of the high-water marks (HWMs) located on the Vermont side of the lake. The rating developed from the imagery shows a somewhat different relation than a similar stage/area rating developed from a medium-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the region. According to the rating derived from the imagery, the lake surface area during the peak lake level increased by about 17 percent above the average or “normal” lake level. By using a comparable rating developed from the DEM, the increase above average is estimated to be about 12 percent. The northern part of the lake (north of Burlington) showed the largest amount of flooding. Based on intersecting the inundation maps with the medium-resolution DEM, lake levels were not uniform around the lake. This is also evident from the lake level gage measurements and HWMs. The gage data indicate differences up to 0.5 feet between the northern and southern end of the lake. Additionally, the gage data show day-to-day and intradaily variation of the same range (0.5 foot). The high-water mark observations show differences up to 2 feet around the lake, with the highest level generally along the south- and west-facing shorelines. The data suggest that during most of May 2011, water levels were slightly higher and less variable in the northern part of the lake. These phenomena may be caused by wind effects as well as proximity to major river inputs to the lake. The inundation areas generated from the imagery generally coincide with flood mapping as estimated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and shown on its digital flood insurance rate maps. Where areas in the flood inundation map derived from the imagery and the FEMA estimated flooded areas differ substantially, this difference may be due to differences between the flood magnitude at the time of the image and the assumed flood condition used for the FEMA modeling and mapping, wind/storage effects not accounted for by the FEMA modeling, and the resolution of the image compared to the DEM used in the FEMA mapping.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145163","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Bjerklie, D.M., Trombley, T.J., and Olson, S.A., 2014, Assessment of the spatial extent and height of flooding in Lake Champlain during May 2011, using satellite remote sensing and ground-based information: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5163, Report: vii, 18 p.; 1 Plate: 24 x 27 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145163.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 18 p.; 1 Plate: 24 x 27 inches","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051120","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294753,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145163.jpg"},{"id":294750,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5163/pdf/sir2014-5163.pdf"},{"id":294751,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5163/"},{"id":294752,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5163/figure/sir2014-5163_fig08.pdf"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e5b06e4b092f17df5a6a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bjerklie, David M. 0000-0002-9890-4125 dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-4125","contributorId":3589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerklie","given":"David","email":"dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trombley, Thomas J. trombley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trombley","given":"Thomas","email":"trombley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Scott A. 0000-0002-1064-2125 solson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-2125","contributorId":2059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Scott","email":"solson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70127472,"text":"ofr20141209 - 2014 - Concentration and flux of total and dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, chloride, and total suspended solids for monitored tributaries of Lake Champlain, 1990-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T08:50:50","indexId":"ofr20141209","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-02T08:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1209","title":"Concentration and flux of total and dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, chloride, and total suspended solids for monitored tributaries of Lake Champlain, 1990-2012","docAbstract":"Annual and daily concentrations and fluxes of total and dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, chloride, and total suspended solids were estimated for 18 monitored tributaries to Lake Champlain by using the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Seasons regression model. Estimates were made for 21 or 23 years, depending on data availability, for the purpose of providing timely and accessible summary reports as stipulated in the 2010 update to the Lake Champlain “Opportunities for Action” management plan. Estimates of concentration and flux were provided for each tributary based on (1) observed daily discharges and (2) a flow-normalizing procedure, which removed the random fluctuations of climate-related variability. The flux bias statistic, an indicator of the ability of the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season regression models to provide accurate representations of flux, showed acceptable bias (less than ±10 percent) for 68 out of 72 models for total and dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chloride. Six out of 18 models for total suspended solids had moderate bias (between 10 and 30 percent), an expected result given the frequently nonlinear relation between total suspended solids and discharge. One model for total suspended solids with a very high bias was influenced by a single extreme value; however, removal of that value, although reducing the bias substantially, had little effect on annual fluxes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141209","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lake Champlain Basin Program and the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Medalie, L., 2014, Concentration and flux of total and dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, chloride, and total suspended solids for monitored tributaries of Lake Champlain, 1990-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1209, Report: vi, 21 p.; 6 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141209.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 21 p.; 6 Appendices","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059317","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141209.jpg"},{"id":294741,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/"},{"id":294742,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/pdf/ofr2014-1209.pdf"},{"id":294743,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/appendix/ofr2014-1209_app1_annual.xlsx"},{"id":294744,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/appendix/ofr2014-1209_app2_TP.xlsx"},{"id":294745,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/appendix/ofr2014-1209_app3_DP.xlsx"},{"id":294746,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/appendix/ofr2014-1209_app4_TN.xlsx"},{"id":294747,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/appendix/ofr2014-1209_app5_Cl.xlsx"},{"id":294748,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1209/appendix/ofr2014-1209_app6_TSS.xlsx"}],"scale":"24000","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e5b07e4b092f17df5a6a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Medalie, Laura 0000-0002-2440-2149 lmedalie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2440-2149","contributorId":3657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medalie","given":"Laura","email":"lmedalie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70115007,"text":"70115007 - 2014 - Estimates of vital rates for a declining loggerhead turtle (<i>Caretta caretta</i>) subpopulation: implications for management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-23T09:35:33","indexId":"70115007","displayToPublicDate":"2014-10-01T15:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimates of vital rates for a declining loggerhead turtle (<i>Caretta caretta</i>) subpopulation: implications for management","docAbstract":"Because subpopulations can differ geographically, genetically and/or phenotypically, using data from one subpopulation to derive vital rates for another, while often unavoidable, is not optimal. We used a two-state open robust design model to analyze a 14-year dataset (1998–2011) from the St. Joseph Peninsula, Florida (USA; 29.748°, −85.400°) which is the densest loggerhead (Caretta caretta) nesting beach in the Northern Gulf of Mexico subpopulation. For these analyses, 433 individuals were marked of which only 7.2 % were observed re-nesting in the study area in subsequent years during the study period. Survival was estimated at 0.86 and is among the highest estimates for all subpopulations in the Northwest Atlantic population. The robust model estimated a nesting assemblage size that ranged from 32 to 230 individuals each year with an annual average of 110. The model estimates indicated an overall population decline of 17 %. The results presented here for this nesting group represent the first estimates for this subpopulation. These data provide managers with information specific to this subpopulation that can be used to develop recovery plans and conduct subpopulation-specific modeling exercises explicit to the challenges faced by turtles nesting in this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00227-014-2537-0","usgsCitation":"Lamont, M.M., Fujisaki, I., and Carthy, R.R., 2014, Estimates of vital rates for a declining loggerhead turtle (<i>Caretta caretta</i>) subpopulation: implications for management: Marine Biology, v. 161, no. 11, p. 2659-2668, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-014-2537-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2659","endPage":"2668","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-054513","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294734,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-014-2537-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"St. Joseph Peninsula","volume":"161","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542d098de4b092f17defc517","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamont, Margaret M. 0000-0001-7520-6669 mlamont@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":4525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","email":"mlamont@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":42152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carthy, Raymond R. 0000-0001-8978-5083 rayc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-5083","contributorId":3685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"Raymond","email":"rayc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}