{"pageNumber":"505","pageRowStart":"12600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68899,"records":[{"id":70145561,"text":"70145561 - 2015 - The dynamics of avian influenza in western Arctic snow geese: implications for annual and migratory infection patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-17T15:07:23","indexId":"70145561","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-08T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The dynamics of avian influenza in western Arctic snow geese: implications for annual and migratory infection patterns","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wild water birds are the natural reservoir for low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIV). However, our ability to investigate the epizootiology of AIV in these migratory populations is challenging, and despite intensive worldwide surveillance, remains poorly understood. We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective analysis in Pacific Flyway lesser snow geese Chen caerulescens to investigate AIV serology and infection patterns. We collected nearly 3,000 sera samples from snow geese at 2 breeding colonies in Russia and Canada during 1993-1996 and swab samples from &gt; 4,000 birds at wintering and migration areas in the United States during 2006-2011. We found seroprevalence and annual seroconversion varied considerably among years. Seroconversion and infection rates also differed between snow goose breeding colonies and wintering areas, suggesting that AIV exposure in this gregarious waterfowl species is likely occurring during several phases (migration, wintering and potentially breeding areas) of the annual cycle. We estimated AIV antibody persistence was longer (14 months) in female geese compared to males (6 months). This relatively long period of AIV antibody persistence suggests that subtype-specific serology may be an effective tool for detection of exposure to subtypes associated with highly-pathogenic AIV. Our study provides further evidence of high seroprevalence in Arctic goose populations, and estimates of annual AIV seroconversion and antibody persistence for North American waterfowl. We suggest future AIV studies include serology to help elucidate the epizootiological dynamics of AIV in wild bird populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-1820.1","usgsCitation":"Samuel, M.D., Hall, J.S., Brown, J.D., Goldberg, D.R., Ip, S., and Baranyuk, V.V., 2015, The dynamics of avian influenza in western Arctic snow geese: implications for annual and migratory infection patterns: Ecological Applications, v. 25, no. 7, p. 1851-1859, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1820.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1851","endPage":"1859","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057837","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1820.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.78515624999999,\n              73.52839948765174\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.65234374999999,\n              74.86788912917916\n            ],\n            [\n              -182.548828125,\n              71.69129271863999\n            ],\n            [\n              -181.58203125,\n              70.61261423801925\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.892578125,\n              48.28319289548349\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.56347656249999,\n              38.13455657705411\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.61914062499999,\n              34.63320791137959\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.99316406249999,\n              34.95799531086792\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.21484375,\n              44.96479793033101\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.78515624999999,\n              73.52839948765174\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55264320e4b026915857c63a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hall, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5599-2826 jshall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-2826","contributorId":2254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jshall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Justin D.","contributorId":87838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7125,"text":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldberg, Diana R. 0000-0001-8540-8512 dgoldberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8540-8512","contributorId":5739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Diana","email":"dgoldberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baranyuk, Vasily V.","contributorId":75482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baranyuk","given":"Vasily","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70148064,"text":"70148064 - 2015 - Intercontinental spread of asian-origin H5N8 to North America through Beringia by migratory birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T11:46:40","indexId":"70148064","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-08T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intercontinental spread of asian-origin H5N8 to North America through Beringia by migratory birds","docAbstract":"<p>Phylogenetic network analysis and understanding of waterfowl migration patterns suggest the Eurasian H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza virus emerged in late 2013 in China, spread in early 2014 to South Korea and Japan, and reached Siberia and Beringia by summer 2014 via migratory birds. Three genetically distinct subgroups emerged and subsequently spread along different flyways during fall 2014 into Europe, North America, and East Asia, respectively. All three subgroups reappeared in Japan, a wintering site for waterfowl from Eurasia and parts of North America.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","publisherLocation":"Baltimore, MD","doi":"10.1128/JVI.00728-15","usgsCitation":"Lee, D., Kim Torchetti, M., Winker, K., Ip, S., Swayne, D.E., and Song, C., 2015, Intercontinental spread of asian-origin H5N8 to North America through Beringia by migratory birds: Journal of Virology, v. 89, no. 12, p. 6521-6524, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00728-15.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"6521","endPage":"6524","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062907","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00728-15","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300466,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555b0d51e4b0a92fa7eac62d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Dong-Hun","contributorId":140813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Dong-Hun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13585,"text":"Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim Torchetti, Mia","contributorId":139355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim Torchetti","given":"Mia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12747,"text":"USDA APHIS VS National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winker, Kevin","contributorId":140814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winker","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13586,"text":"University of Alaska Museum, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swayne, David E.","contributorId":86218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayne","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Song, Chang-Seon","contributorId":140815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Chang-Seon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70154856,"text":"70154856 - 2015 - A chronicle of a killer alga in the west: Ecology, assessment, and management of Prymnesium parvum blooms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-22T17:35:37.333821","indexId":"70154856","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-08T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A chronicle of a killer alga in the west: Ecology, assessment, and management of <i>Prymnesium parvum</i> blooms","title":"A chronicle of a killer alga in the west: Ecology, assessment, and management of Prymnesium parvum blooms","docAbstract":"<p>Since the mid-1980s, fish-killing blooms of <i>Prymnesium parvum</i> spread throughout the USA. In the south central USA, <i>P. parvum</i> blooms have commonly spanned hundreds of kilometers. There is much evidence that physiological stress brought on by inorganic nutrient limitation enhances toxicity. Other factors influence toxin production as well, such as stress experienced at low salinity and temperature. A better understanding of toxin production by <i>P. parvum</i> remains elusive and the identities and functions of chemicals produced are unclear. This limits our understanding of factors that facilitated the spread of <i>P. parvum</i> blooms. In the south central USA, not only is there evidence that the spread of blooms was controlled, in part, by migration limitation. But there are also observations that suggest changed environmental conditions, primarily salinity, facilitated the spread of blooms. Other factors that might have played a role include altered hydrology and nutrient loading. Changes in water hardness, herbicide use, system pH, and the presence of toxin-resistant and/or <i>P. parvum</i>-inhibiting plankton may also have played a role. Management of <i>P. parvum</i> in natural systems has yet to be attempted, but may be guided by successes achieved in small impoundments and mesocosm experiments that employed various chemical and hydraulic control approaches.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-015-2273-6","usgsCitation":"Roelke, D.L., Barkoh, A., Brooks, B.W., Grover, J.P., Hambright, K.D., LaClaire, J.W., Moeller, P.D., and Patino, R., 2015, A chronicle of a killer alga in the west: Ecology, assessment, and management of Prymnesium parvum blooms: Hydrobiologia, v. 764, p. 29-50, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2273-6.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061394","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"764","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ef48e4b0bc0bec09f00f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roelke, D. L.","contributorId":28342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barkoh, Aaron","contributorId":145542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barkoh","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Bryan W. 0000-0002-6277-9852","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6277-9852","contributorId":198868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":35352,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grover, J. P.","contributorId":20453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grover","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hambright, K. D.","contributorId":25793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hambright","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaClaire, John W. II","contributorId":145543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaClaire","given":"John","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moeller, Peter D. R.","contributorId":145544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moeller","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70139404,"text":"sir20145224 - 2015 - Hydrogeologic framework, hydrology, and refined conceptual model of groundwater flow for Coastal Plain aquifers at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site, New Castle County, Delaware, 2005-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:43:13","indexId":"sir20145224","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-08T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5224","title":"Hydrogeologic framework, hydrology, and refined conceptual model of groundwater flow for Coastal Plain aquifers at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site, New Castle County, Delaware, 2005-12","docAbstract":"<p>From 1966 to 2002, activities at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware chemical facility in New Castle County, Delaware resulted in the contamination of groundwater, soils, and wetland sediment. In 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 3, and the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control began a multi-year investigation of the hydrogeologic framework and hydrology of the confined aquifer system. The goals of the ongoing study at the site (the Potomac Aquifer Study) are to determine the hydraulic connection between the Columbia and Potomac aquifers, determine the direction of groundwater flow in the Potomac aquifer, and identify factors affecting the fate of contaminated groundwater. This report describes progress made towards these goals based on available data collected through September 2012.</p>\n<p>The regional hydrogeologic framework indicates that the site is underlain by Coastal Plain sediments of the Columbia, Merchantville, and Potomac Formations. Two primary aquifers underlying the site, the Columbia and the upper Potomac, are separated by the Merchantville Formation confining unit. Local groundwater flow in the surficial (Columbia) aquifer is controlled by topography and generally flows northward and discharges to nearby surface water. Regional flow within the Potomac aquifer is towards the southeast, and is strongly influenced by major water withdrawals locally. Previous investigations at the site indicated that contaminants, primarily benzene and chlorinated benzene compounds, were present in the Columbia aquifer in most locations; however, there were only limited detections in the upper Potomac aquifer as of 2004. From 2005 through 2012, the USGS designed a monitoring network, assisted with exploratory drilling, collected data at monitoring wells, conducted geophysical surveys, evaluated water-level responses in wells during pumping of a production well, and evaluated major aquifer withdrawals. Data collected through these efforts were used to refine the local conceptual flow system. The refined conceptual flow system for the site includes: (a) identification of gaps in confining units in the study area, (b) identification and correlation of multiple water-bearing sand intervals within the upper Potomac Formation, (c) connections between groundwater and surface water, (d) connections between shallow and deeper groundwater, (e) new water-level (or potentiometric surface) maps and inferred flow directions, and (f) identification of major local pumping well influences. The implications of the revised conceptual flow system on the occurrence and movement of site contaminants are that the resulting detection of contaminants in the upper Potomac aquifer at specific well locations can be attributed primarily to either advective lateral transport, direct vertical contaminant transport, or a combination of vertical and lateral movement resulting from changes in water withdrawal rates over time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145224","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Brayton, M.J., Cruz, R.M., Myers, L., Degnan, J.R., and Raffensperger, J.P., 2015, Hydrogeologic framework, hydrology, and refined conceptual model of groundwater flow for Coastal Plain aquifers at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site, New Castle County, Delaware, 2005-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5224, vii, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145224.","productDescription":"vii, 61 p.","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-059549","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145224.jpg"},{"id":299484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5224/"},{"id":299485,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5224/pdf/sir2014-5224.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.94 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"projection":"State Plane Delaware Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Delaware","county":"New Castle County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.60430526733398,\n              39.63187001350982\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.65872192382812,\n              39.637422462817\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.70489883422852,\n              39.60886226158157\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.71365356445311,\n              39.59464387992515\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.65108299255371,\n              39.55554482419571\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.59306144714355,\n              39.571623755318214\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.58670997619629,\n              39.579231826349016\n            ],\n            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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5526431de4b026915857c634","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brayton, Michael J. mbrayton@usgs.gov","contributorId":2993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brayton","given":"Michael","email":"mbrayton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cruz, Roberto M. 0000-0003-1235-3295 rmcruz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1235-3295","contributorId":5757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cruz","given":"Roberto","email":"rmcruz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Myers, Luke lmyers@usgs.gov","contributorId":5758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Luke","email":"lmyers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Degnan, James R. 0000-0002-5665-9010 jrdegnan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5665-9010","contributorId":498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degnan","given":"James","email":"jrdegnan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raffensperger, Jeff P. 0000-0001-9275-6646 jpraffen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-6646","contributorId":199119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raffensperger","given":"Jeff","email":"jpraffen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70141848,"text":"sir20155024 - 2015 - Hydrologic effects of potential changes in climate, water use, and land cover in the Upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-15T08:44:40","indexId":"sir20155024","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-08T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5024","title":"Hydrologic effects of potential changes in climate, water use, and land cover in the Upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents the results of a study to provide information on the hydrologic effects of potential 21st-century changes in climate, water use, and land cover in the Upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio (from Circleville, Ohio, to the headwaters). A precipitation-runoff model, calibrated on the basis of historical climate and streamflow data, was used to simulate the effects of climate change on streamflows and reservoir water levels at several locations in the basin. Two levels of simulations were done. The first level of simulation (level 1) accounted only for anticipated 21st-century changes in climate and operations of three City of Columbus upground reservoirs located in northwest Delaware County, Ohio. The second level of simulation (level 2) accounted for development-driven changes in land cover and water use in addition to changes in climate and reservoir operations.</p>\n<p>A statistical change-factor approach was used to construct future climate time series that were used in the precipitation-runoff model to compute time series of future streamflows and reservoir water levels. Monthly change factors were computed by determining differences or fractional changes between baseline historical climate time series and future climate time series consisting of outputs from selected global climate models that were included in the World Climate Research Programme&rsquo;s Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3). Eight sets of change factors were determined on the basis of outputs from four global climate models, each of which was run under two greenhouse-gas scenarios (the &ldquo;A1b&rdquo; and &ldquo;A2&rdquo; scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change&rsquo;s 4th assessment). The 4 global climate models whose data were used in this study were selected to represent a wide range of potential climate outcomes as compared to the entire range of potential climate outcomes associated with the 16 global climate models represented in the CMIP3 multimodel dataset.</p>\n<p>Future land-cover and water-use data were estimated for use in the level-2 precipitation-runoff simulations to account for development-driven changes in land cover and water use. Future land-cover characteristics were estimated for selected future years based on population projections and zoning plans for communities in the basin. Future water-use data for major water suppliers and wastewater-treatment facilities were estimated from current per capita water use, population projections for 2035, and population projections for 2090 assuming full build-out. A statistical change-factor-based approach was used to estimate future water-use characteristics by major water suppliers and wastewater-treatment facilities on the basis of reference-period historical water uses. Annual change factors that were determined for future years other than 2035 and 2090 (when the change factors could be explicitly computed) were estimated by interpolating or extrapolating linearly in time. Water uses by entities other than major water suppliers and wastewater-treatment facilities were assumed to remain unchanged because of uncertainty about if and (or) how they might change.</p>\n<p>Results from the level-1 simulations were analyzed primarily to facilitate evaluation of climate-driven temporal changes in annual, seasonal, and monthly streamflow and water-level characteristics, as well as in maximum and minimum 7-, 30-, and 180-day average streamflow and reservoir water levels. Results from the level-2 simulations were analyzed to help evaluate and contrast (relative to level-1 results) the effects of the added development-related factors on maximums and minimum 7-, 30-, and 180-day average streamflows and reservoir water levels and duration characteristics of 7- and 30-day average streamflows and reservoir water levels. Results for 12 stream locations and 5 reservoirs in the Upper Scioto River Basin are presented primarily as a series of plots.</p>\n<p>Although it is beyond the scope of this study to address results in detail for each model-output location, selected results are discussed to illustrate potential uses and interpretations of the graph products provided in this report. In addition, general trends and patterns in streamflow and water-level characteristics are identified where possible.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155024","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Commission; the Ohio Water Development Authority; the City of Columbus, Ohio; and Del-Co Water Company","usgsCitation":"Ebner, A.D., Koltun, G., and Ostheimer, C., 2015, Hydrologic effects of potential changes in climate, water use, and land cover in the Upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5024, Report: vii, 34 p.; Appendixes A-G; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155024.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 34 p.; Appendixes A-G; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060946","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155024.jpg"},{"id":299479,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/appendix/sir2015-5024_appendixe.pdf","text":"Appendix E","size":"1.63 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix E","linkHelpText":"Plots of seasonal maximum and minimum 7-, 30-, and 180-day average streamflows and water levels as a function of plotting year."},{"id":299480,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/appendix/sir2015-5024_appendixf.pdf","text":"Appendix F","size":"214 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix F","linkHelpText":"Plots of simulated level-2 7-day running average streamflows and water levels as a function of exceedance quantile."},{"id":299478,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/appendix/sir2015-5024_appendixd.pdf","text":"Appendix D","size":"905 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix D","linkHelpText":"Plots of maximum and minimum 7-, 30-, and 180-day average streamflows and water levels as a function of plotting year."},{"id":299481,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/appendix/sir2015-5024_appendixg.pdf","text":"Appendix G","size":"226 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix G","linkHelpText":"Plots of simulated level-2 30-day running average streamflows and water levels as a function of exceedance quantile."},{"id":299482,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory","size":"5.44 MB","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains Appendixes A-G ZIP file"},{"id":299473,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/"},{"id":299474,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/pdf/sir2015-5024.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.72 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299475,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/appendix/sir2015-5024_appendixa.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"2.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix A","linkHelpText":"Description of the precipitation-runoff model."},{"id":299476,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/appendix/sir2015-5024_appendixb.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"129 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix B","linkHelpText":"Plots of ensemble means of level-1 simulated annual mean streamflows and water levels as a function of time."},{"id":299477,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5024/appendix/sir2015-5024_appendixc.pdf","text":"Appendix C","size":"1.56 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix C","linkHelpText":"Boxplots of the medians of site-, month-, and emission-specific level-1 ensemble mean streamflows and water levels as a function of epoch."}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 17","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Upper Scioto River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.72602081298828,\n              40.80497409762779\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.00823211669922,\n              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F. 0000-0003-0255-2960 gfkoltun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":1852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","email":"gfkoltun@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ostheimer, Chad J. ostheime@usgs.gov","contributorId":127446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostheimer","given":"Chad J.","email":"ostheime@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70140547,"text":"70140547 - 2015 - Landscape prediction and mapping of game fish biomass, an ecosystem service of Michigan rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T15:46:12","indexId":"70140547","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-07T23:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape prediction and mapping of game fish biomass, an ecosystem service of Michigan rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>The increased integration of ecosystem service concepts into natural resource management places renewed emphasis on prediction and mapping of fish biomass as a major provisioning service of rivers. The goals of this study were to predict and map patterns of fish biomass as a proxy for the availability of catchable fish for anglers in rivers and to identify the strongest landscape constraints on fish productivity. We examined hypotheses about fish responses to total phosphorus (TP), as TP is a growth-limiting nutrient known to cause increases (subsidy response) and/or decreases (stress response) in fish biomass depending on its concentration and the species being considered. Boosted regression trees were used to define nonlinear functions that predicted the standing crops of Brook Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>, Brown Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo trutta</i><span>, Smallmouth Bass&nbsp;</span><i>Micropterus dolomieu</i><span>, panfishes (seven centrarchid species), and Walleye&nbsp;</span><i>Sander vitreus</i><span>&nbsp;by using landscape and modeled local-scale predictors. Fitted models were highly significant and explained 22&ndash;56% of the variation in validation data sets. Nonlinear and threshold responses were apparent for numerous predictors, including TP concentration, which had significant effects on all except the Walleye fishery. Brook Trout and Smallmouth Bass exhibited both subsidy and stress responses, panfish biomass exhibited a subsidy response only, and Brown Trout exhibited a stress response. Maps of reach-specific standing crop predictions showed patterns of predicted fish biomass that corresponded to spatial patterns in catchment area, water temperature, land cover, and nutrient availability. Maps illustrated predictions of higher trout biomass in coldwater streams draining glacial till in northern Michigan, higher Smallmouth Bass and panfish biomasses in warmwater systems of southern Michigan, and high Walleye biomass in large main-stem rivers throughout the state. Our results allow fisheries managers to examine the biomass potential of streams, describe geographic patterns of fisheries, explore possible nutrient management targets, and identify habitats that are candidates for species management.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2014.987887","usgsCitation":"Esselman, P.C., Stevenson, R.J., Lupi, F., Riseng, C.M., and Wiley, M., 2015, Landscape prediction and mapping of game fish biomass, an ecosystem service of Michigan rivers: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 2, p. 302-320, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2014.987887.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057022","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Landscape_Prediction_and_Mapping_of_Game_Fish_Biomass_an_Ecosystem_Service_of_Michigan_Rivers/1378927","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.3515625,\n              46.604167162931844\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.087890625,\n              46.45299704748289\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.9560546875,\n              46.30140615437332\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.79150390625,\n              46.042735653846506\n            ],\n          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,{"id":70144075,"text":"fs20153030 - 2015 - Water quality in the Cambridge, Massachusetts, drinking-water source area, 2005-8","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-08T09:17:06","indexId":"fs20153030","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-07T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3030","title":"Water quality in the Cambridge, Massachusetts, drinking-water source area, 2005-8","docAbstract":"<p>During 2005-8, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Cambridge, Massachusetts, Water Department, measured concentrations of sodium and chloride, plant nutrients, commonly used pesticides, and caffeine in base-flow and stormwater samples collected from 11 tributaries in the Cambridge drinking-water source area. These data were used to characterize current water-quality conditions, to establish a baseline for future comparisons, and to describe trends in surface-water quality. The data also were used to assess the effects of watershed characteristics on surface-water quality and to inform future watershed management.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153030","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Cambridge, Massachusetts, Water Department","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.P., and Waldron, M.C., 2015, Water quality in the Cambridge, Massachusetts, drinking-water source area, 2005-8: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3030, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153030.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-046036","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153030.jpg"},{"id":299464,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3030/pdf/fs2015-3030.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.63 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3030 Report"},{"id":299463,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3030/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Cambridge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.06420516967773,\n              42.38504955243599\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.15741729736328,\n              42.39531906359705\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.23191833496094,\n              42.42700448967684\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.24839782714844,\n              42.45411449876218\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2957763671875,\n              42.456647545121605\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.33663177490234,\n              42.44296787761998\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.33251190185545,\n              42.36133451106724\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.26556396484375,\n              42.34154398944032\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.06403350830078,\n              42.348648996207956\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.06420516967773,\n              42.38504955243599\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5524f19fe4b027f0aee3d461","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kirk P. 0000-0003-0269-474X kpsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-474X","contributorId":1516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kirk","email":"kpsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldron, Marcus C. mwaldron@usgs.gov","contributorId":1867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldron","given":"Marcus","email":"mwaldron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70145259,"text":"70145259 - 2015 - RRAWFLOW: Rainfall-Response Aquifer and Watershed Flow Model (v1.15)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:04:28","indexId":"70145259","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-07T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1818,"text":"Geoscientific Model Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"RRAWFLOW: Rainfall-Response Aquifer and Watershed Flow Model (v1.15)","docAbstract":"<p>The Rainfall-Response Aquifer and Watershed Flow Model (RRAWFLOW) is a lumped-parameter model that simulates streamflow, spring flow, groundwater level, or solute transport for a measurement point in response to a system input of precipitation, recharge, or solute injection. I introduce the first version of RRAWFLOW available for download and public use and describe additional options. The open-source code is written in the R language and is available at http://sd.water.usgs.gov/projects/RRAWFLOW/RRAWFLOW.html along with an example model of streamflow. RRAWFLOW includes a time-series process to estimate recharge from precipitation and simulates the response to recharge by convolution, i.e., the unit-hydrograph approach. Gamma functions are used for estimation of parametric impulse-response functions (IRFs); a combination of two gamma functions results in a double-peaked IRF. A spline fit to a set of control points is introduced as a new method for estimation of nonparametric IRFs. Several options are included to simulate time-variant systems. For many applications, lumped models simulate the system response with equal accuracy to that of distributed models, but moreover, the ease of model construction and calibration of lumped models makes them a good choice for many applications (e.g., estimating missing periods in a hydrologic record). RRAWFLOW provides professional hydrologists and students with an accessible and versatile tool for lumped-parameter modeling.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","publisherLocation":"Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany","doi":"10.5194/gmd-8-865-2015","usgsCitation":"Long, A.J., 2015, RRAWFLOW: Rainfall-Response Aquifer and Watershed Flow Model (v1.15): Geoscientific Model Development, v. 8, p. 865-880, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-865-2015.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"865","endPage":"880","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056483","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-865-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299446,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5524f19ce4b027f0aee3d45d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Andrew J. 0000-0001-7385-8081 ajlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-8081","contributorId":989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew","email":"ajlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70140114,"text":"sir20155017 - 2015 - Physical subdivision and description of the water-bearing sediments of the Santa Clara Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-07T08:39:02","indexId":"sir20155017","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-07T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5017","title":"Physical subdivision and description of the water-bearing sediments of the Santa Clara Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p>A thick Quaternary alluvial section fills a sedimentary basin beneath the Santa Clara Valley, California, located within the San Andreas Fault system at the south end of San Francisco Bay. This section consists of an upper sequence about 1,000 feet thick containing eight sedimentary cycles and a lower fine-grained unit as thick as several hundred feet. Together these constitute the Quaternary Santa Clara Basin. The section overlies an irregular unconformity with more than 1,200 feet of relief cut into the underlying bedrock. This stratigraphy is determined through study of new wells and seismic reflection profiles, together with a sample of the many thousands of water wells in the valley. It represents a major change and improvement in understanding of the basin, particularly with regard to the upper cyclic sequence, which forms a large groundwater system that is an important resource in the San Francisco Bay region.</p>\n<p>Each of the eight sedimentary cycles consists of a coarse-grained bottom interval overlain by a fine-grained top, with the coarse bottom forming a permeable sheet that is more or less continuous around the basin and the fine top forming a similarly extensive, relatively impermeable confining layer. This stratigraphic organization contrasts with most previous views, which have considered the coarse sediment in the basin to occur as scattered, discrete lenses and (or) sinuous channel sands, all embedded in a predominantly fine-grained section. Temperature logs in several wells demonstrate that the fine cycle tops do limit vertical movement of groundwater, although this may not be the case where those tops are thin to perhaps locally absent around parts of the basin margin.</p>\n<p>Age control has been obtained from previous work, in which the sedimentary cycles were correlated with the marine oxygen isotope record and the ages of two deeper Quaternary unconformities were estimated, and from detailed paleomagnetic study of cores from the new wells by E.A. Mankinen. Despite careful search of the cores, very few fossils were found, and none that are helpful in subdividing the section. No tephra (volcanic ash) was recovered, and the few carbon samples found and dated radiometrically are limited to the upper 120 feet of the section. The upper cyclic section ranges in age from 0 to somewhat older than 718 thousand years (ka), and the lower fine-grained section lies between unconformities with estimated ages of 950 and 1500 ka.</p>\n<p>Reflections in the seismic profiles indicate that layering in the basin is subparallel to the ground surface, and this fact, together with the continuous stratigraphic detail provided by geophysical logs of the new wells, allows the confident interwell correlation required to delineate the sedimentary cycles. The sequence of layers within any one cycle tends to persist laterally between the wells in the dataset, which are spaced 1 to 3 km apart, with most changes occurring gradually. The eight cycles, in contrast, tend to differ from each other in the details of their internal organization.</p>\n<p>Maps and cross sections show the elevations of cycle boundaries and the underlying bedrock surface, the varying thicknesses of the cycles and of their fine tops and coarse bottoms, and the aggregate thickness of coarse layers in those bottom intervals. Coarse sediment is more abundant toward some parts of the basin margin and in the southern part of the basin. Cycle boundary surfaces are relatively smooth, and their shapes are consistent with having been intercycle topographic surfaces. The underlying bedrock surface has a relief of more than 1,200 feet and deepens toward the center of the basin and the west edge of the fault-bounded Evergreen Basin, which is concealed beneath the east side of the Quaternary basin. The absence of consistent abrupt changes in thicknesses or boundary elevations across the basin or in cross section indicates that the interior of the basin is largely unfaulted, with the Silver Creek strand of the San Andreas system at the west edge of the Evergreen Basin being the sole exception. The east and west margins of the Santa Clara Basin, in contrast, are marked by reverse and thrust fault systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155017","usgsCitation":"Wentworth, C.M., Jachens, R.C., Williams, R., Tinsley, J., and Hanson, R.T., 2015, Physical subdivision and description of the water-bearing sediments of the Santa Clara Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5017, Report: x, 73 p.; 2 Plates: 43.43 x 31.60 inches and 19.76 x 19.60 inches; ReadMe; 10 ZIP files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155017.","productDescription":"Report: x, 73 p.; 2 Plates: 43.43 x 31.60 inches and 19.76 x 19.60 inches; ReadMe; 10 ZIP files","numberOfPages":"84","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049605","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science 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cwent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-569X","contributorId":1178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentworth","given":"Carl","email":"cwent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Robert A. rawilliams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert 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III jtinsley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"John C.","suffix":"III","email":"jtinsley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70144431,"text":"sir20155038 - 2015 - Potential groundwater recharge for the State of Minnesota using the Soil-Water-Balance model, 1996-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-06T15:06:47","indexId":"sir20155038","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-06T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5038","title":"Potential groundwater recharge for the State of Minnesota using the Soil-Water-Balance model, 1996-2010","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater recharge is one of the most difficult components of a water budget to ascertain, yet is an important boundary condition necessary for the quantification of water resources. In Minnesota, improved estimates of recharge are necessary because approximately 75 percent of drinking water and 90 percent of agricultural irrigation water in Minnesota are supplied from groundwater. The water that is withdrawn must be supplied by some combination of (1) increased recharge, (2) decreased discharge to streams, lakes, and other surface-water bodies, and (3) removal of water that was stored in the system. Recent pressure on groundwater resources has highlighted the need to provide more accurate recharge estimates for various tools that can assess the sustainability of long-term water use. As part of this effort, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, used the Soil-Water-Balance model to calculate gridded estimates of potential groundwater recharge across Minnesota for 1996‒2010 at a 1-kilometer (0.621-mile) resolution. The potential groundwater recharge estimates calculated for Minnesota from the Soil-Water Balance model included gridded values (1-kilometer resolution) of annual mean estimates (that is, the means for individual years from 1996 through 2010) and mean annual estimates (that is, the mean for the 15-year period 1996&minus;2010).</p>\n<p>The Soil-Water-Balance model uses a modified Thornthwaite-Mather soil-water-balance approach, with components of the soil-water balance calculated on a daily basis. A key advantage of this approach includes the use of commonly available geographic information system data layers that incorporate land cover, soil properties, and daily meteorological data to produce temporally and spatially variable gridded estimates of potential recharge. The Soil-Water-Balance model was calibrated by using a combination of parameter estimation techniques, making manual adjustments of model parameters, and using parameter values from previously published Soil-Water-Balance models. Each calibration simulation compared the potential recharge estimate from the model against base-flow estimates derived from three separate hydrograph separation techniques. A total of 35 Minnesota watersheds were selected for the model calibration.</p>\n<p>Meteorological data necessary for the model included daily precipitation, minimum daily temperature, and maximum daily temperature. All of the meteorological data were provided by the Daymet dataset, which included daily continuous surfaces of key climatological data. Land-cover data were provided by the 2001 and 2006 National Land Cover Database: the 2001 classification was used from 1994 through 2003, and the 2006 classification was used from 2004 through 2010. Soil data used in the model included hydrologic soils group and the available soil-water capacity. These soil data were obtained from the Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database and the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) database.</p>\n<p>The statewide mean annual potential recharge rate from 1996&ndash;2010 was 4.9 inches per year. Potential recharge estimates increased from west to east across Minnesota. The mean annual potential recharge estimates across Minnesota at a 1-km resolution for the overall simulation period (1996&ndash;2010) ranged from less than 0.1 to 17.8 inches per year. Some of the lowest potential recharge rates for the simulation period were in the Red River of the North Basin of northwestern Minnesota, and generally were between 1.0 and 1.5 inches per year. The highest potential recharge rates were in northeastern Minnesota and the Anoka Sand Plain in central Minnesota. Eighty-eight percent of the potential recharge rates (by grid cell) were between 2 and 8 inches per year from 1996&ndash;2010. Only about 3 percent of all the potential recharge estimates (by grid cell) were less than 2 inches per year, and 9 percent of estimates were greater than 8 inches per year.</p>\n<p>On an annual basis, however, potential recharge rates were as high as 27.2 inches per year. The highest annual mean recharge estimate across the State was for 2010, and the lowest mean recharge estimate was for 2003. Although precipitation variability partially explained the annual differences in potential recharge estimates, precipitation alone did not account for these differences, and other factors such as antecedent moisture conditions likely were important. Also, because precipitation gradients across the State can vary from year to year, the dominant land-cover class and hydrologic soil group combinations for a particular region had a large effect on the resulting potential recharge value. During 1996&ndash;2010, April had the greatest monthly mean potential recharge compared to all other months, accounting for a mean of 30 percent of annual potential recharge in this single month.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Smith, E.A., and Westenbroek, S.M., 2015, Potential groundwater recharge for the State of Minnesota using the Soil-Water-Balance model, 1996-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5038, vii, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155038.","productDescription":"vii, 85 p.","startPage":"85","numberOfPages":"98","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1996-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-034584","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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easmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8434-0798","contributorId":1405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Erik","email":"easmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70139629,"text":"sir20155014 - 2015 - Occurrence of pesticides in groundwater underlying areas of high-density row-crop production in Alabama, 2009-2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-20T15:09:00","indexId":"sir20155014","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-06T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5014","title":"Occurrence of pesticides in groundwater underlying areas of high-density row-crop production in Alabama, 2009-2013","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries, sampled a network of 15 wells for up to 167 pesticides and pesticide degradates from 2009 through 2013 in three areas of high-density row-crop agriculture in Alabama. Eighteen herbicides, 2 fungicides, and 9 degradates were detected in water from the sampled wells. The highest concentration of a detected pesticide was 4.49 micrograms per liter of bentazon in Baldwin County, Alabama, which was well below the lifetime health advisory level of 200 micrograms per liter. None of the measured pesticide concentrations exceeded a human-health benchmark. Insecticides were not detected.</p>\n<p>Relatively flat land and permeable soils prevalent in each of the three areas facilitate the transport of pesticides through the unsaturated zone into the underlying aquifers. Pesticides and the degradate, deethylatrazine, were more frequently detected in groundwater from wells located in northern Alabama than in southeastern Alabama and Baldwin County, Alabama. Greater amounts of pesticide usage and shallow well depths in northern Alabama likely explain the detection of pesticides in that area. Pesticides were detected in two of the shallowest sampled wells in southeastern Alabama, and the detected pesticides have been extensively used on the crops grown in this area. Total pesticide use among the three areas was lowest in Baldwin County; however, fungicides were detected more often in Baldwin County, which is indicative of peanut crops planted in that area.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of metolachlor and atrazine have substantially decreased in the northern Alabama wells since 2000. A decline in use of metolachlor and atrazine from a high in the late-1990s and a high in 2004, respectively, in northern Alabama could account for the lower concentrations. Fluometuron use has also declined since 1998, but the relation between time and concentrations differed in the five northern Alabama wells. Fluometuron concentrations in three of the five wells have been decreasing over time, while concentrations in the remaining two wells have been increasing.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries","usgsCitation":"Welch, H.L., 2015, Occurrence of pesticides in groundwater underlying areas of high-density row-crop production in Alabama, 2009-2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5014, Report: iv, 35 p.; 2 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155014.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 35 p.; 2 Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-060255","costCenters":[{"id":105,"text":"Alabama Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155014.jpg"},{"id":299395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5014/"},{"id":299396,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5014/pdf/sir2015-5014.pdf","text":"Report","size":"888 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299397,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5014/download","text":"Appendix 2","size":"167 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 2","linkHelpText":"Concentrations of detected compounds in groundwater samples from wells located in areas of high-density row-crop production in Alabama, 2000-2013."}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","county":"Baldwin County, Colbert County, Geneva County, Henry County, Houston County, Lauderdale County, Limestone County, Madison County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.53700256347656,\n              30.40471180080158\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.76771545410156,\n              30.39656853856939\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.90435791015625,\n              30.53860787885458\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.89920806884764,\n              30.55132212123368\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.81543731689453,\n              30.593592390615303\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.77938842773438,\n              30.584430469735068\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.73441314697266,\n              30.427065265208352\n            ],\n            [\n              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,{"id":70143271,"text":"sim3322 - 2015 - Using satellite images to monitor glacial-lake outburst floods: Lago Cachet Dos drainage, Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-06T13:00:00","indexId":"sim3322","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-06T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3322","title":"Using satellite images to monitor glacial-lake outburst floods: Lago Cachet Dos drainage, Chile","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is monitoring and analyzing glacial-lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Colonia valley in the Patagonia region of southern Chile. A GLOF is a type of flood that occurs when water impounded by a glacier or a glacial moraine is released catastrophically. In the Colonia valley, GLOFs originating from Lago Cachet Dos, which is dammed by the Colonia Glacier, have recurred periodically since 2008. The water discharged during these GLOFs flows under or through the Colonia Glacier, into Lago Colonia and then the R&iacute;o Colonia, and finally into the R&iacute;o Baker&mdash;Chile's largest river in terms of volume of water.</p>\n<p>This report presents a GeoEye-1 image collected December 1, 2011 and a WorldView-2 image collected September 27, 2013. The 2011 image shows Lago Cachet Dos when the water level was near its maximum extent. The 2013 image shows the drained lake four days after a GLOF event. The images were used to delineate the differences in water surface area prior to, and immediately following, a GLOF event. The imagery shown here highlights the dramatic changes that typically occur during GLOFs from Lago Cachet Dos. The lake area decreased from 4.84 km<sup>2</sup><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>in 2011 (pre-GLOF) to only 0.30 km<sup>2</sup><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>in September 2013 (post-GLOF). The water surface lowered approximately 90 m between the pre- and post-GLOF satellite images, yielding a change in volume of approximately 217,000,000 m<sup>3</sup>; this value is similar to previous estimates (about 200 million m<sup>3</sup>) of the volume of flood water that flowed down the R&iacute;o Colonia during some previous GLOFs.</p>\n<p>During 2008&ndash;2013, 14 GLOFs were released from Lago Cachet Dos and created environmental and safety concerns for downstream residents and to infrastructure. If GLOFs and the consequent headward erosion continue, the moraine that creates Lago Cachet Uno could be destabilized and breached, and the two lakes could merge. If the two lakes become connected, the volume of future GLOFs likely would be greater and thus cause longer and (or) more extensive flooding downstream. Additional GLOFs from Lago Cachet Dos are expected in the future, and continued environmental monitoring could provide an early warning system as well as scientific information that could increase our understanding of GLOFs and their consequences. GLOFs occur in glaciated areas around the world and remote sensing technologies can allow researchers to better understand&mdash;and potentially predict&mdash;future GLOF events.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3322","usgsCitation":"Friesen, B.A., Cole, C.J., Nimick, D.A., Wilson, E.M., Fahey, M., McGrath, D.J., and Leidich, J., 2015, Using satellite images to monitor glacial-lake outburst floods: Lago Cachet Dos drainage, Chile: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3322, 44.17 x 41.0 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3322.","productDescription":"44.17 x 41.0 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053416","costCenters":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3322.jpg"},{"id":299390,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70141008,"text":"sir20155021 - 2015 - National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: allocations of assessed areas to Federal lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-17T11:31:44","indexId":"sir20155021","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-03T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5021","title":"National assessment of geologic carbon dioxide storage resources: allocations of assessed areas to Federal lands","docAbstract":"<p><span>Following the geologic basin-scale assessment of technically accessible carbon dioxide storage resources in onshore areas and State waters of the United States, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated that an area of about 130 million acres (or about 200,000 square miles) of Federal lands overlies these storage resources. Consequently, about 18 percent of the assessed area associated with storage resources is allocated to Federal land management. 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,{"id":70145260,"text":"70145260 - 2015 - Conceptual models of the formation of acid-rock drainage at road cuts in Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-23T15:30:52","indexId":"70145260","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Conceptual models of the formation of acid-rock drainage at road cuts in Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>Pyrite and other minerals containing sulfur and trace metals occur in several rock formations throughout Middle and East Tennessee. Pyrite (FeS2) weathers in the presence of oxygen and water to form iron hydroxides and sulfuric acid. The weathering and interaction of the acid on the rocks and other minerals at road cuts can result in drainage with low pH (&lt; 4) and high concentrations of trace metals. Acid-rock drainage can cause environmental problems and damage transportation infrastructure. The formation and remediation of acid-drainage from roads cuts has not been researched as thoroughly as acid-mine drainage. The U.S Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation, is conducting an investigation to better understand the geologic, hydrologic, and biogeochemical factors that control acid formation at road cuts. Road cuts with the potential for acid-rock drainage were identifed and evaluated in Middle and East Tennessee. The pyrite-bearing formations evaluated were the Chattanooga Shale (Devonian black shale), the Fentress Formation (coal-bearing), and the Precambrian Anakeesta Formation and similar Precambrian rocks. Conceptual models of the formation and transport of acid-rock drainage (ARD) from road cuts were developed based on the results of a literature review, site reconnaissance, and the initial rock and water sampling. The formation of ARD requires a combination of hydrologic, geochemical, and microbial interactions which affect drainage from the site, acidity of the water, and trace metal concentrations. The basic modes of ARD formation from road cuts are; 1 - seeps and springs from pyrite-bearing formations and 2 - runoff over the face of a road cut in a pyrite-bearing formation. Depending on site conditions at road cuts, the basic modes of ARD formation can be altered and the additional modes of ARD formation are; 3 - runoff over and through piles of pyrite-bearing material, either from construction or breakdown material weathered from shale, and 4 - the deposition of secondary-sulfate minerals can store trace metals and, during rainfall, result in increased acidity and higher concentrations of trace metals in storm runoff. Understanding the factors that control ARD formation and transport are key to addressing the problems associated with the movement of ARD from the road cuts to the environment. The investigation will provide the Tennessee Department of Transportation with a regional characterization of ARD and provide insights into the geochemical and biochemical attributes for the control and remediation of ARD from road cuts.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2015 Tennessee Water Resources Symposium","conferenceTitle":"2015 Tennessee Water Resources Symposium","conferenceDate":"April 1-3, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Montgomery Bell State Park Burns, Tennessee","language":"English","publisher":"Tennessee Section of the American Water Resources Association","collaboration":"Tenn. 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,{"id":70142541,"text":"sir20155042 - 2015 - Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2011-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-02T16:56:44","indexId":"sir20155042","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-02T17:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5042","title":"Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2011-13","docAbstract":"<p>From 2011 to 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey&rsquo;s Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project Office, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected depth-discrete measurements of fluid pressure and temperature in 11 boreholes located in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Each borehole was instrumented with a multilevel monitoring system (MLMS) consisting of a series of valved measurement ports, packer bladders, casing segments, and couplers.</p>\n<p>Multilevel monitoring at the INL has been ongoing since 2006 and this report summarizes data collected from 2011 to 2013 in 11 multilevel monitoring wells. Hydraulic head (head) and groundwater temperature data were collected from 11 multilevel monitoring wells, including 177 hydraulically isolated depth intervals from 448.0 to 1,377.6 feet below land surface. One port (port 3) within borehole USGS 134 was not monitored because of a valve failure.</p>\n<p>Head and temperature profiles reveal unique patterns for vertical examination of the aquifer&rsquo;s complex basalt and sediment stratigraphy, proximity to aquifer recharge and discharge, and groundwater flow. These features contribute to some of the localized variability even though the general profile shape remained consistent over the period of record. Twenty-two major head inflections were described for 9 of 11 MLMS boreholes and almost always coincided with low‑permeability sediment layers and occasionally thick layers of dense basalt. However, the presence of a sediment layer or dense basalt layer was insufficient for identifying the location of a major head change within a borehole without knowing the true areal extent and relative transmissivity of the lithologic unit. Temperature profiles for boreholes completed within the Big Lost Trough indicate linear conductive trends; whereas, temperature profiles for boreholes completed within volcanic rift zones and near the southern boundary of the Idaho National Laboratory, indicate mostly convective heat transfer. Select boreholes along the southern boundary show a temperature reversal and cooler water deeper in the aquifer resulting from the vertical movement of groundwater.</p>\n<p>Vertical head and temperature change were quantified for each of the 11 multilevel monitoring systems. Vertical head gradients defined for the major inflections in the head profiles were as high as 2.9 feet per foot. In general, fractured basalt zones displayed relatively small vertical head differences and show a high occurrence within volcanic rift zones. Poor connectivity between fractures and higher vertical gradients were generally attributed to sediment layers and layers of dense basalt, or both. Groundwater temperatures in all boreholes ranged from 10.8 to 16.3 &deg;C.</p>\n<p>Normalized mean head values were analyzed for all 11 multilevel monitoring wells for the period of record (2007&ndash;13). The mean head values suggest a moderately positive correlation among all boreholes and generally reflect regional fluctuations in water levels in response to seasonal climatic changes. Boreholes within volcanic rift zones and near the southern boundary (USGS 103, USGS 105, USGS 108, USGS 132, USGS 135, USGS 137A) display a temporal correlation that is strongly positive. Boreholes in the Big Lost Trough display some variations in temporal correlations that may result from proximity to the mountain front to the northwest and episodic flow in the Big Lost River drainage system. For example, during June 2012, boreholes MIDDLE 2050A and MIDDLE 2051 showed head buildup within the upper zones when compared to the June 2010 profile event, which correlates to years when surface water was reported for the Big Lost River several months preceding the measurement period. With the exception of borehole USGS 134, temporal correlation between MLMS wells completed within the Big Lost Trough is generally positive. Temporal correlation for borehole USGS 134 shows the least agreement with other MLMS boreholes located within the Big Lost Trough; however, borehole USGS 134 is close to the mountain front where tributary valley subsurface inflow is suspected.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155042","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Twining, B.V., and Fisher, J.C., 2015, Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head and temperature in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2011-13: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5042, Report: vii, 49 p.; 8 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155042.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 49 p.; 8 Appendices","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-056607","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155042.jpg"},{"id":299323,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppH.pdf","text":"Appendix H","size":"161 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299314,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/"},{"id":299315,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir2015-5042.pdf","size":"4.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299316,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppA.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"98 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299317,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppB.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"202 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299318,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppC.pdf","text":"Appendix C","size":"125 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299319,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppD.pdf","text":"Appendix D","size":"109 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299320,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppE.pdf","text":"Appendix E","size":"592 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299321,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppF.pdf","text":"Appendix F","size":"103 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299322,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5042/pdf/sir20155042_AppG.pdf","text":"Appendix G","size":"148 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.104248046875,\n              43.52664646047308\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.104248046875,\n              43.880077621969065\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.61123657226562,\n              43.880077621969065\n            ],\n            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,{"id":70144294,"text":"ofr20151058 - 2015 - An evaluation of the accuracy of modeled and computed streamflow time-series data for the Ohio River at Hannibal Lock and Dam and at a location upstream from Sardis, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-09T08:31:36","indexId":"ofr20151058","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-02T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1058","title":"An evaluation of the accuracy of modeled and computed streamflow time-series data for the Ohio River at Hannibal Lock and Dam and at a location upstream from Sardis, Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>Between July 2013 and June 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) made 10 streamflow measurements on the Ohio River about 1.5 miles (mi) downstream from the Hannibal Lock and Dam (near Hannibal, Ohio) and 11 streamflow measurements near the USGS Sardis gage (station number 03114306) located approximately 2.4 mi upstream from Sardis, Ohio. The measurement results were used to assess the accuracy of modeled or computed instantaneous streamflow time series created and supplied by the USGS, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and National Weather Service (NWS) for the Ohio River at Hannibal Lock and Dam and (or) at the USGS streamgage. Hydraulic or hydrologic models were used to create the modeled time series; index-velocity methods or gate-opening ratings coupled with hydropower operation data were used to create the computed time series. The time step of the various instantaneous streamflow time series ranged from 15 minutes to 24 hours (once-daily values at 12:00 Coordinated Universal Time [UTC]). The 15-minute time-series data, computed by the USGS for the Sardis gage, also were downsampled to 1-hour and 24-hour time steps to permit more direct comparisons with other streamflow time series.</p>\n<p>To facilitate comparisons between measurement results and time-series data, streamflows corresponding to the times of the streamflow measurements were computed from the time-series data by time-based linear interpolation. Prior to doing interpolations, measurement times for the Hannibal Lock and Dam location were adjusted for traveltime to account for the fact that the streamflow measurements were made about 1.5 mi downstream from the location corresponding to the modeled/computed time-series data. Measured and interpolated streamflows were tabulated along with residuals (the difference between measured and interpolated streamflows) and selected summary statistics.</p>\n<p>Overall, streamflows interpolated from the USGS computed 15-minute time-series data (hereafter referred to as the USGS 15-minute time-series data) had the smallest root-mean-square error (RMSE) (3,939 cubic feet per second [ft<sup>3</sup>/s]) and the second smallest mean absolute residual (2,636 ft<sup>3</sup>/s), whereas streamflows interpolated from the USACE 12 UTC time series had the largest RMSE (14,590 ft<sup>3</sup>/s) and the largest mean absolute residual (10,800 ft<sup>3</sup>/s). The larger RMSEs for streamflows interpolated from the USACE 12 UTC time series likely resulted in part from the coarser time step of that time series. Streamflows interpolated from the USGS downsampled 1-hour time series had the second smallest RMSE (4,025 ft<sup>3</sup>/s) and the smallest mean absolute residual (2,600 ft<sup>3</sup>/s). Somewhat surprisingly, streamflows interpolated from the NWS 6-hour model time series had the third smallest RMSE (4,483 ft<sup>3</sup>/s) and mean absolute residual (4,050 ft<sup>3</sup>/s) in spite of being determined from a time series with a coarser time step than the USACE 1-hour modeled and computed time series.</p>\n<p>Measured streamflows at the Sardis gage and at the Hannibal Lock and Dam measurement location were plotted versus residuals (expressed as a percentage of the measured streamflows) of corresponding interpolated time-series streamflow values. Results for each of the time series exhibited some anomaly, possibly indicating the need and (or) potential for improvement in the streamflow computational/modeling processes.</p>\n<p>Streamflow hydrographs were plotted for modeled/computed time series for the Ohio River near the USGS Sardis gage and the Ohio River at the Hannibal Lock and Dam. In general, the time series at these two locations compared well. Some notable differences include the exclusive presence of short periods of negative streamflows in the USGS 15-minute time-series data for the gage on the Ohio River above Sardis, Ohio, and the occurrence of several peak streamflows in the USACE gate/hydropower time series for the Hannibal Lock and Dam that were appreciably larger than corresponding peaks in the other time series, including those modeled/computed for the downstream Sardis gage</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., 2015, An evaluation of the accuracy of modeled and computed streamflow time-series data for the Ohio River at Hannibal Lock and Dam and at a location upstream from Sardis, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1058, viii, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151058.","productDescription":"viii, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063449","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299300,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151058.jpg"},{"id":299296,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1058/"},{"id":299297,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1058/pdf/ofr2015-1058.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.20 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Ohio River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.96099853515624,\n              39.57817336212527\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.96099853515624,\n              39.68182601089365\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.82092285156249,\n              39.68182601089365\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.82092285156249,\n              39.57817336212527\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.96099853515624,\n              39.57817336212527\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551e5a1be4b027f0aee3b86b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960 gfkoltun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":1852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","email":"gfkoltun@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70144432,"text":"70144432 - 2015 - Do management actions to restore rare habitat benefit native fish conservation?  Distribution of juvenile native fish among shoreline habitats of the Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-07T10:14:29","indexId":"70144432","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-02T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do management actions to restore rare habitat benefit native fish conservation?  Distribution of juvenile native fish among shoreline habitats of the Colorado River","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many management actions in aquatic ecosystems are directed at restoring or improving specific habitats to benefit fish populations. In the Grand Canyon reach of the Colorado River, experimental flow operations as part of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program have been designed to restore sandbars and associated backwater habitats. Backwaters can have warmer water temperatures than other habitats, and native fish, including the federally endangered humpback chub&nbsp;</span><i>Gila cypha</i><span>, are frequently observed in backwaters, leading to a common perception that this habitat is critical for juvenile native fish conservation. However, it is unknown how fish densities in backwaters compare with that in other habitats or what proportion of juvenile fish populations reside in backwaters. Here, we develop and fit multi-species hierarchical models to estimate habitat-specific abundances and densities of juvenile humpback chub, bluehead sucker</span><i>Catostomus discobolus</i><span>, flannelmouth sucker&nbsp;</span><i>Catostomus latipinnis</i><span>&nbsp;and speckled dace&nbsp;</span><i>Rhinichthys osculus</i><span>&nbsp;in a portion of the Colorado River. Densities of all four native fish were greatest in backwater habitats in 2009 and 2010. However, backwaters are rare and ephemeral habitats, so they contain only a small portion of the overall population. For example, the total abundance of juvenile humpback chub in this study was much higher in talus than in backwater habitats. Moreover, when we extrapolated relative densities based on estimates of backwater prevalence directly after a controlled flood, the majority of juvenile humpback chub were still found outside of backwaters. This suggests that the role of controlled floods in influencing native fish population trends may be limited in this section of the Colorado River.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2842","usgsCitation":"Dodrill, M.J., Yackulic, C.B., Gerig, B., Pine, W.E., Korman, J., and Finch, C., 2015, Do management actions to restore rare habitat benefit native fish conservation?  Distribution of juvenile native fish among shoreline habitats of the Colorado River: River Research and Applications, v. 31, no. 10, p. 1203-1217, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2842.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1203","endPage":"1217","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052358","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.8902587890625,\n              36.097938036628065\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.8902587890625,\n              36.289670126842225\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.74057006835936,\n              36.289670126842225\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.74057006835936,\n              36.097938036628065\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.8902587890625,\n              36.097938036628065\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551e5a1ee4b027f0aee3b873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodrill, Michael J. 0000-0002-7038-7170 mdodrill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-7170","contributorId":5468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodrill","given":"Michael","email":"mdodrill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724 cyackulic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":4662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","email":"cyackulic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerig, Brandon","contributorId":139958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerig","given":"Brandon","affiliations":[{"id":13331,"text":"University of Florida, Dept. of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pine, William E. III","contributorId":139959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pine","given":"William","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13332,"text":"Uni. of Florida Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Korman, Josh","contributorId":139960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korman","given":"Josh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13333,"text":"Ecometric Research Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finch, Colton","contributorId":139961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finch","given":"Colton","affiliations":[{"id":13334,"text":"Uni. of Florida, Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70143552,"text":"fs20153020 - 2015 - The Pacific northwest stream quality assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-03T12:40:17","indexId":"fs20153020","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-02T07:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3020","title":"The Pacific northwest stream quality assessment","docAbstract":"<p>In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program is assessing stream quality in the Pacific Northwest. The goals of the Pacific Northwest Stream Quality Assessment (Pacific Northwest study) are to assess the quality of streams in the region by characterizing multiple water-quality factors that are stressors to aquatic life and to evaluate the relation between these stressors and biological communities. The effects of urbanization and agriculture on stream quality for the Puget Lowlands and Willamette Valley are the focus of this regional study. Findings will provide the public and policymakers with information regarding which human and environmental factors are the most critical in affecting stream quality and, thus, provide insights about possible approaches to protect or improve the health of streams in the region.</p>\n<p>The Pacific Northwest study will be the third regional study by the NAWQA program, and it will be of similar design and scope as the first two&mdash;the Midwest in 2013 and the Southeast in 2014 (Van Metre and others, 2012, 2014).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153020","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P., Morace, J.L., and Sheibley, R.W., 2015, The Pacific northwest stream quality assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3020, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153020.","productDescription":"2 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,{"id":70143862,"text":"ofr20151053 - 2015 - A method for determining average beach slope and beach slope variability for U.S. sandy coastlines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T11:21:02","indexId":"ofr20151053","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-02T07:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1053","title":"A method for determining average beach slope and beach slope variability for U.S. sandy coastlines","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Assessment of Hurricane-Induced Coastal Erosion Hazards compares measurements of beach morphology with storm-induced total water levels to produce forecasts of coastal change for storms impacting the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic coastlines of the United States. The wave-induced water level component (wave setup and swash) is estimated by using modeled offshore wave height and period and measured beach slope (from dune toe to shoreline) through the empirical parameterization of Stockdon and others (2006). Spatial and temporal variability in beach slope leads to corresponding variability in predicted wave setup and swash. For instance, seasonal and storm-induced changes in beach slope can lead to differences on the order of 1 meter (m) in wave-induced water level elevation, making accurate specification of this parameter and its associated uncertainty essential to skillful forecasts of coastal change. A method for calculating spatially and temporally averaged beach slopes is presented here along with a method for determining total uncertainty for each 200-m alongshore section of coastline.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151053","usgsCitation":"Doran, K.S., Long, J.W., and Overbeck, J., 2015, A method for determining average beach slope and beach slope variability for U.S. sandy coastlines: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1053, Report: iv, 5 p.; Data Releases, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151053.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 5 p.; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-063337","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438707,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F72805P1","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Beach Slopes of Florida: Miami to Jupiter"},{"id":299260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151053.jpg"},{"id":342384,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F72805P1","text":"Beach slopes of Florida: Miami to Jupiter"},{"id":342385,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7XK8CK2","text":"Beach slopes of Florida: Bradenton Beach to Clearwater Beach"},{"id":299257,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1053/"},{"id":299258,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1053/pdf/ofr2015-1053.pdf","text":"Report","size":"377 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299259,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7M906Q6","text":"Beach Slopes of North Carolina: Salvo to Duck","description":"Dataset website"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.84686279296874,\n              35.21420969483077\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.84686279296874,\n              36.10015727402227\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.21240234375,\n              36.10015727402227\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.21240234375,\n              35.21420969483077\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.84686279296874,\n              35.21420969483077\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551e5a18e4b027f0aee3b869","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doran, Kara S. 0000-0001-8050-5727 kdoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-5727","contributorId":127855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"Kara","email":"kdoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Joseph W. 0000-0003-2912-1992 jwlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-1992","contributorId":3303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Joseph","email":"jwlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overbeck, Jacquelyn R.","contributorId":140046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overbeck","given":"Jacquelyn R.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70146790,"text":"70146790 - 2015 - Managing habitat to slow or reverse population declines of the Columbia spotted frog in the Northern Great Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T18:01:11","indexId":"70146790","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing habitat to slow or reverse population declines of the Columbia spotted frog in the Northern Great Basin","docAbstract":"<p>Evaluating the effectiveness of habitat management actions is critical to adaptive management strategies for conservation of imperiled species. We quantified the response of a Great Basin population of the Columbia spotted frog (<i>Rana luteiventris</i>) to multiple habitat improvement actions aimed to reduce threats and reverse population declines. We used mark-recapture data for 1,394 adult frogs that had been marked by state, federal, and university biologists in 9 ponds representing a single population over a 16-year period from 1997 to 2012. With the use of demographic models, we assessed population-level effects of 1) a grazing exclosure constructed around 6 stock ponds that had been used to water livestock for decades before being fully fenced in 2003, and 2) the construction of 3 new stock ponds in 2003 to provide alternative water sources for livestock and, secondarily, to provide additional frog habitat. These management actions were implemented in response to a decline of more than 80% in population size from 1997 to 2002. We found evidence that excluding cattle from ponds and surrounding riparian habitats resulted in higher levels of frog production (more egg masses), higher adult frog recruitment and survival, and higher population growth rate. We also found that frogs colonized the newly constructed stock ponds within 3 years and frogs began breeding in 2 of them after 5 years. The positive effects of the cattle exclosure and additional production from the new ponds, although notable, did not result in full recovery of the population even 9 years later. This slow recovery may be partly explained by the effects of weather on recruitment rates, particularly the negative effects of harsher winters with late springs and higher fall temperatures. Although our findings point to potential successes of habitat management aimed at slowing or reversing rapidly declining frog populations, our study also suggests that recovering from severe population declines can take many years because of demographic and environmental processes.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.868","usgsCitation":"Pilliod, D., and Scherer, R.D., 2015, Managing habitat to slow or reverse population declines of the Columbia spotted frog in the Northern Great Basin: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 4, p. 579-590, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.868.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"590","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059456","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 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,{"id":70147071,"text":"70147071 - 2015 - Targeting climate diversity in conservation planning to build resilience to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T10:34:24","indexId":"70147071","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Targeting climate diversity in conservation planning to build resilience to climate change","docAbstract":"<p>Climate change is raising challenging concerns for systematic conservation planning. Are methods based on the current spatial patterns of biodiversity effective given long-term climate change? Some conservation scientists argue that planning should focus on protecting the abiotic diversity in the landscape, which drives patterns of biological diversity, rather than focusing on the distribution of focal species, which shift in response to climate change. Climate is one important abiotic driver of biodiversity patterns, as different climates host different biological communities and genetic pools. We propose conservation networks that capture the full range of climatic diversity in a region will improve the resilience of biotic communities to climate change compared to networks that do not. In this study we used historical and future hydro-climate projections from the high resolution Basin Characterization Model to explore the utility of directly targeting climatic diversity in planning. Using the spatial planning tool, Marxan, we designed conservation networks to capture the diversity of climate types, at the regional and sub-regional scale, and compared them to networks we designed to capture the diversity of vegetation types. By focusing on the Conservation Lands Network (CLN) of the San Francisco Bay Area as a real-world case study, we compared the potential resilience of networks by examining two factors: the range of climate space captured, and climatic stability to 18 future climates, reflecting different emission scenarios and global climate models. We found that the climate-based network planned at the sub-regional scale captured a greater range of climate space and showed higher climatic stability than the vegetation and regional based-networks. At the same time, differences among network scenarios are small relative to the variance in climate stability across global climate models. Across different projected futures, topographically heterogeneous areas consistently show greater climate stability than homogenous areas. The analysis suggests that utilizing high-resolution climate and hydrological data in conservation planning improves the likely resilience of biodiversity to climate change. We used these analyses to suggest new conservation priorities for the San Francisco Bay Area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1890/ES14-00313.1","usgsCitation":"Heller, N.E., Kreitler, J.R., Ackerly, D., Weiss, S., Recinos, A., Branciforte, R., Flint, L.E., Flint, A.L., and Micheli, E., 2015, Targeting climate diversity in conservation planning to build resilience to climate change: Ecosphere, v. 6, no. 4, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00313.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058616","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es14-00313.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553f5dbbe4b0a658d7938cfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heller, Nicole E.","contributorId":140429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heller","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13495,"text":"Dwight Center for Conservation Science at Pepperwood Preserve","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kreitler, Jason R. 0000-0002-0243-5281 jkreitler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0243-5281","contributorId":4050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreitler","given":"Jason","email":"jkreitler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerly, David","contributorId":139541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackerly","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":7102,"text":"University of California, Berkeley, Dept. of Civil & Envir. Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weiss, Stuart","contributorId":7590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"Stuart","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Recinos, Amanda","contributorId":140430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Recinos","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13496,"text":"GreenInfo Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Branciforte, Ryan","contributorId":140431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branciforte","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13497,"text":"Bay Area Open Space Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Micheli, Elisabeth","contributorId":105615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Micheli","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70145179,"text":"70145179 - 2015 - Soil respiration patterns and controls in limestone cedar glades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-06T11:35:12","indexId":"70145179","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3089,"text":"Plant and Soil","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil respiration patterns and controls in limestone cedar glades","docAbstract":"<p>Aims</p>\n<p>Drivers of soil respiration (<i>R<sub>s</sub></i>) in rock outcrop ecosystems remain poorly understood. We investigated these drivers in limestone cedar glades, known for their concentrations of endemic plant species and for seasonal hydrologic extremes (xeric and saturated conditions), and compared our findings to those in temperate grasslands and semi-arid ecosystems.</p>\n<p>Methods</p>\n<p>We measured <i>R<sub>s</sub></i>, soil temperature (<i>T<sub>s</sub></i>), volumetric soil water content (SWC), soil organic matter (SOM), soil depth, and vegetation cover monthly over 16 mo and analyzed effects of these variables on <i>R<sub>s</sub></i>.</p>\n<p>Results</p>\n<p>Seasonally, <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> primarily tracked <i>T<sub>s</sub></i>(r<sup>2</sup>=0.77; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01); however <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> was depressed during a summer drought. SOM was highly variable spatially, and incorporating SOM effects into the <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> model dramativally improved model performance. Both shallow soil and sparse vegetation cover were also associated with lower <i>R<sub>s</sub></i>.</p>\n<p>Conclusions</p>\n<p>Soil depth, SOM, and vegetation cover were important drivers of <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> in limestone cedar glades. Seasonal <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> patterns reflected those for mesic temperate grasslands more than for semi-arid ecosystems, in that <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> primarily tracked temperature for most of the year.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s11104-014-2348-6","collaboration":"National Park Service (Stones River National Battlefield), Tennessee State University","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, J.M., and Hui, D., 2015, Soil respiration patterns and controls in limestone cedar glades: Plant and Soil, v. 389, no. 1-2, p. 157-169, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2348-6.","productDescription":"13","startPage":"157","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055589","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2348-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"389","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5523ae44e4b027f0aee3d14e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Jennifer M. 0000-0003-0851-8456 jmcart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-8456","contributorId":5386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hui, Dafeng","contributorId":140059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hui","given":"Dafeng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13370,"text":"Tennessee State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157067,"text":"70157067 - 2015 - Terrestrial ecology of semi-aquatic giant gartersnakes (<i>Thamnophis gigas</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-09T11:30:14","indexId":"70157067","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terrestrial ecology of semi-aquatic giant gartersnakes (<i>Thamnophis gigas</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>Wetlands are a vital component of habitat for semiaquatic herpetofauna, but for most species adjacent terrestrial habitats are also essential. We examined the use of terrestrial environments by Giant Gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) to provide behavioral information relevant to conservation of this state and federally listed threatened species. We used radio telemetry data collected 1995&ndash;2011 from adults at several sites throughout the Sacramento Valley, California, USA, to examine Giant Gartersnake use of the terrestrial environment. We found Giant Gartersnakes in terrestrial environments more than half the time during the summer, with the use of terrestrial habitats increasing to nearly 100% during brumation. While in terrestrial habitats, we found Giant Gartersnakes underground more than half the time in the early afternoon during summer, and the probability of being underground increased to nearly 100% of the time at all hours during brumation. Extreme temperatures also increased the probability that we would find Giant Gartersnakes underground. Under most conditions, we found Giant Gartersnakes to be within 10 m of water at 95% of observations. For females during brumation and individuals that we found underground, however, the average individual had a 10% probability of being located &gt; 20 m from water. Individual variation in each of the response variables was extensive; therefore, predicting the behavior of an individual was fraught with uncertainty. Nonetheless, our estimates provide resource managers with valuable information about the importance of protecting and carefully managing terrestrial habitats for conserving a rare semiaquatic snake.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation","publisherLocation":"Texarkana, TX","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Skalos, S.M., Wylie, G.D., and Casazza, M.L., 2015, Terrestrial ecology of semi-aquatic giant gartersnakes (<i>Thamnophis gigas</i>): Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 10, no. 2, p. 633-644.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"644","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065175","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307932,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.herpconbio.org/Volume_10/Issue_2/Halstead_etal_2015.pdf"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f15834e4b0dacf699eb985","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skalos, Shannon M. sskalos@usgs.gov","contributorId":147372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalos","given":"Shannon","email":"sskalos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Glenn D. 0000-0002-7061-6658 glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-6658","contributorId":3052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70143983,"text":"ofr20151056 - 2015 - Hydrologic conditions in Massachusetts during water year 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-01T10:01:52","indexId":"ofr20151056","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1056","title":"Hydrologic conditions in Massachusetts during water year 2014","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrologic data and conditions throughout Massachusetts during water year 2014 (October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2014) are presented in this report. Stream discharge and groundwater levels during water year 2014 varied geographically across the State. The data are described as being above, below, or near normal in relation to long-term averages for the period of record.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151056","usgsCitation":"Verdi, R.J., 2015, Hydrologic conditions in Massachusetts during water year 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1056, iii, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151056.","productDescription":"iii, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-10-01","temporalEnd":"2014-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-063076","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151056.jpg"},{"id":299135,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70144126,"text":"ofr20151052 - 2015 - Evaluation of the Ott Hydromet Qliner for measuring discharge in laboratory and field conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-01T11:55:09","indexId":"ofr20151052","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1052","title":"Evaluation of the Ott Hydromet Qliner for measuring discharge in laboratory and field conditions","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the University of Iowa IIHR &ndash; Hydroscience and Engineering, evaluated the use of the Ott Hydromet Qliner using laboratory flume tests along with field validation tests. Analysis of the flume testing indicates the velocities measured by the Qliner at a 40-second exposure time results in higher dispersion of velocities from the mean velocity of data collected with a 5-minute exposure time. The percent data spread from the mean of a 100-minute mean of Qliner velocities for a 40-second exposure time averaged 16.6 percent for the entire vertical, and a 5-minute mean produced a 6.2 percent data spread from the 100-minute mean. This 16.6 percent variation in measured velocity would result in a 3.32 percent variation in computed discharge assuming 25 verticals while averaging 4 bins in each vertical. The flume testing also provided results that indicate the blanking distance of 0.20 meters is acceptable when using beams 1 and 2, however beam 3 is negatively biased near the transducer and the 0.20-meter blanking distance is not sufficient. Field testing included comparing the measured discharge by the Qliner to the discharge measured by a Price AA mechanical current meter and a Teledyne RDI Rio Grande 1200 kilohertz acoustic Doppler current profiler. The field tests indicated a difference between the discharges measured with the Qliner and the field reference discharge between -14.0 and 8.0 percent; however the average percent difference for all 22 field comparisons was 0.22, which was not statistically significant.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151052","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Iowa IIHR – Hydroscience and Engineering","usgsCitation":"McVay, J.C., 2015, Evaluation of the Ott Hydromet Qliner for measuring discharge in laboratory and field conditions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1052, v, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151052.","productDescription":"v, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061080","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299250,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151052.jpg"},{"id":299248,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1052/"},{"id":299249,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1052/pdf/ofr2015-1052.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 15","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.141357421875,\n              41.97582726102573\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.6142578125,\n              42.87596410238254\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.22998046875,\n              42.89206418807337\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.90087890624999,\n              42.187829010590825\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.417236328125,\n              40.9218144123785\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.39501953125,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.075439453125,\n              41.795888098191426\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.141357421875,\n              41.97582726102573\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551d089be4b0256c24f4214e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McVay, Jason C. jcmcvay@usgs.gov","contributorId":139902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McVay","given":"Jason","email":"jcmcvay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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