A viral agent, identified as a herpesvirus and tentatively called 'inclusion body disease of cranes' (IBDC), was isolated from captive cranes involved in a die-off at the International Crane Foundation near Baraboo, Wisconsin. Preliminary animal susceptibility tests, based on experimental infections, suggested that White Pekin ducklings up to 17 days old and adult coots were susceptible to the IBDC virus whereas 16-day-old White Leghorn chicks and 64-day-old Muscovy ducks were not. No serum antibody to IBDC virus was detected in 95 wild sandhill cranes collected in Wisconsin or Indiana in 1976 and 1977. However, 9 of 11 captive cranes in the affected area at the ICF had antibody to this agent.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.2307/1589787","usgsCitation":"Docherty, D.E., and Henning, D., 1980, The isolation of a herpes virus from captive cranes with an inclusion body disease: Avian Diseases, v. 24, no. 1, p. 278-283, https://doi.org/10.2307/1589787.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"278","endPage":"283","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"International Crane Foundation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.77726936340332,\n 43.54699285840481\n ],\n [\n -89.76834297180174,\n 43.54699285840481\n ],\n [\n -89.76834297180174,\n 43.550289946081115\n ],\n [\n -89.77726936340332,\n 43.550289946081115\n ],\n [\n -89.77726936340332,\n 43.54699285840481\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c62b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Docherty, D. E.","contributorId":83469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Docherty","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henning, D.J.","contributorId":71134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henning","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012271,"text":"70012271 - 1980 - Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012271","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy)","docAbstract":"Carbon and oxygen isotope analyses were made of representative samples of calcite and quartz from the carbonate deposits in the Tolfa Mountains mining district. Measurements were also made of hydrogen isotope compositions, filling temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions in these minerals. There are three stages of mineralization at Tolfa. In stage I, characterized by calc-silicate hornfels, the carbonates have relatively high ?? 18O values of 14.5 to 21.6 suggesting a rather low water/rock ratio. ??13C values of -0.3 to 2.1 indicate that appreciable decarbonation or introduction of deep-seated carbon did not occur. Stage II is marked by phanerocrystalline carbonates; ?? 18O values of 13.1 to 20.0 and ??13C values of 0.7 to 5.0 identify them as hydrothermal veins rather than marbles. ?? D values of -56 to -50 for inclusion fluids suggest a possible magmatic component to the hydrothermal fluid. Filling temperatures of coarse-grained samples of Calcite II are 309?? to 362?? C with a salinity range of 5.3 to 7.1 weight percent NaCl. Calculated ??18O values of 11-12 for these fluids are again indicative of low water/rock ratios. The sparry calcites of stage III have ??18O and ??13C values of 8.1 to 12.9 and -1.7 to 3.2, respectively. ?? D values of inclusion fluids are -40 to -33, clearly heavier than in earlier stages and similar to values of modern local ground waters. A salinity measurement of <0.1 weight percent NaCl in a sample of Calcite III is compatible with a relatively unaltered ground water origin for this fluid. Precipitation of the sparry calcite took place at much lower temperatures, around 160?? C. For quartz, ??18O values of 9.3 to 12.4 and ?? D values for inclusions of -53 to -28 are consistent with its late occurrence and paragenetic link with associated carbonates. ?? 1980 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00202800","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Masi, U., Ferrini, V., O’Neil, J.R., and Batchelder, J.N., 1980, Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy): Mineralium Deposita, v. 15, no. 3, p. 351-359, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202800.","startPage":"351","endPage":"359","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202800"},{"id":222298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b966ae4b08c986b31b4c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masi, U.","contributorId":34654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masi","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrini, V.","contributorId":51459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrini","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batchelder, J. N.","contributorId":89870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batchelder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012214,"text":"70012214 - 1980 - Discrim: a computer program using an interactive approach to dissect a mixture of normal or lognormal distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T15:54:21","indexId":"70012214","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrim: a computer program using an interactive approach to dissect a mixture of normal or lognormal distributions","docAbstract":"DISCRIM is an interactive computer graphics program that dissects mixtures of normal or lognormal distributions. The program was written in an effort to obtain a more satisfactory solution to the dissection problem than that offered by a graphical or numerical approach alone. It combines graphic and analytic techniques using a Tektronix1 terminal in a time-share computing environment. The main program and subroutines were written in the FORTRAN language. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0098-3004(80)90014-X","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Bridges, N., and McCammon, R., 1980, Discrim: a computer program using an interactive approach to dissect a mixture of normal or lognormal distributions: Computers & Geosciences, v. 6, no. 4, p. 361-396, https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(80)90014-X.","startPage":"361","endPage":"396","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266196,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(80)90014-X"},{"id":222400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01f6e4b0c8380cd4fdfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, N.J.","contributorId":20320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCammon, R.B.","contributorId":17218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCammon","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012145,"text":"70012145 - 1980 - Mid- Tertiary climate of southeastern United States, the sporomorph evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-01T22:33:02.671425","indexId":"70012145","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid- Tertiary climate of southeastern United States, the sporomorph evidence","docAbstract":"Climatic affinities of modern genera represented by late Eocene sporomorphs suggest that the climate of that time in southeastern United States was winter-dry tropical close to the Gulf of Mexico and marginal humid subtropical on the upper Coastal Plain. Lack of change of the sporomorph assemblages suggests that the climate of southeastern United States did not change appreciably from late in the middle Eocene until nearly the end of the Eocene. Then the climate rapidly became cooler and perhaps drier, a regime that persisted into the early Oligocene.
","language":"English","publisher":"Paleontology Society","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., 1980, Mid- Tertiary climate of southeastern United States, the sporomorph evidence: Journal of Paleontology, v. 54, no. 4, p. 728-739.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"728","endPage":"739","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430690,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/jpaleontol/article/54/4/728/81445/Mid-Tertiary-climate-of-southeastern-United-States"},{"id":222464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56b1e4b0c8380cd6d769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frederiksen, N. O.","contributorId":78356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012218,"text":"70012218 - 1980 - Transition of basaltic lava from pahoehoe to aa, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Field observations and key factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T10:33:28","indexId":"70012218","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transition of basaltic lava from pahoehoe to aa, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Field observations and key factors","docAbstract":"Nearly all Hawaiian basaltic lava erupts as pahoehoe, and some changes to aa during flowage and cooling; factors governing the transition involve certain critical relations between viscosity and rate of shear strain. If the lava slows, cools, and stops in direct response to concomitant increase in viscosity before these critical relations are reached, it remains pahoehoe. But, if flow mechanics (flow rate, flow dimensions, slope, momentum, etc.) impel the lava to continue to move and deform even after it has become highly viscous, the critical relations may be reached and the lava changes to aa.
Typical modes of transition from pahoehoe to aa include: (1) spontaneous formation of relatively stiff clots in parts of the flowing lava where shear rate is highest; these clots grow into discrete, rough, sticky masses to which the remaining fluid lava incrementally adheres; (2) fragmentation and immersion of solid or semi-solid surface crusts of pahoehoe by roiling movements of the flow, forming cores of discrete, tacky masses; (3) sudden renewed movement of lava stored and cooled within surface reservoirs to form clots. The masses, fragments, and clots in these transition modes are characterized by spinose, granulated surfaces; as flow movement continues, the masses and fragments aggregate, fracture, and grind together, completing the transition to aa.
Observations show that the critical relation between viscosity and rate of shear strain is inverse: if viscosity is low, a high rate of shear is required to begin the transition to aa; conversely, if viscosity is high, a much lower rate of shear will induce the transition. These relations can be demonstrated qualitatively with simple graphs, which can be used to examine the flow history of any selected finite lava element by tracing the path represented by its changing viscosity and shear rate. A broad, diffuse “transition threshold zone” in these graphs portrays the inverse critical relation between viscosity and shear rate; the transition to aa is represented by the path of the lava element crossing this zone.
Moving lava flows can be regarded as natural viscometers, by which shear stress and rate of shear strain at selected points can be determined and viscosity can be computed. By making such determinations under a wide range of conditions on pahoehoe, aa, and transitional flow types, the critical relations that control the pahoehoe-aa transition can be quantified.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-0273(80)90033-5","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.W., and Tilling, R.I., 1980, Transition of basaltic lava from pahoehoe to aa, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Field observations and key factors: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 7, no. 3-4, p. 271-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(80)90033-5.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"293","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":" Kilauea Volcano","volume":"7","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb710e4b08c986b327039","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Donald W.","contributorId":11209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":363011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012371,"text":"70012371 - 1980 - Radiometric dating of sediments using fission tracks in conodonts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012371","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiometric dating of sediments using fission tracks in conodonts","docAbstract":"Conodonts are microfossils which are commonly found in marine rocks of Cambrian to Triassic age. Although their biological affinities are difficult to assess, conodonts are valuable stratigraphical indices for much of their geological range1. Recent work has also established that conodont colour alteration indices (CAI) are useful guides to diagenetic temperatures and hence burial depth2. Fission tracks3 in conodonts allow measurement of uranium concentrations and estimates of 'age' to be made using isotopic methods4. We report here that fission tracks counted in irradiated, thermally unaltered (as indicated by CAI) middle Palaeozoic conodonts indicate typical uranium concentrations of ???1 part in 10 9, with some samples higher. A single specimen of Siphonodella from the Lower Mississippian yielded an age estimate of 380??140 Myr consistent with conventional interpolations. This method may also allow the unroofing of deeply buried sediments to be dated. ?? 1980 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/288359a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Sachs, H., Denkinger, M., Bennett, C., and Harris, A., 1980, Radiometric dating of sediments using fission tracks in conodonts: Nature, v. 288, no. 5789, p. 359-361, https://doi.org/10.1038/288359a0.","startPage":"359","endPage":"361","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205211,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/288359a0"},{"id":222200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"288","issue":"5789","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9413e4b0c8380cd811ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sachs, H.M.","contributorId":92805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sachs","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Denkinger, M.","contributorId":15349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denkinger","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, C.L.","contributorId":28368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, A. G.","contributorId":39791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012143,"text":"70012143 - 1980 - Visual classification of very fine-grained sediments: Evaluation through univariate and multivariate statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:03","indexId":"70012143","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2554,"text":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Visual classification of very fine-grained sediments: Evaluation through univariate and multivariate statistics","docAbstract":"Classifying very fine-grained rocks through fabric elements provides information about depositional environments, but is subject to the biases of visual taxonomy. To evaluate the statistical significance of an empirical classification of very fine-grained rocks, samples from Devonian shales in four cored wells in West Virginia and Virginia were measured for 15 variables: quartz, illite, pyrite and expandable clays determined by X-ray diffraction; total sulfur, organic content, inorganic carbon, matrix density, bulk density, porosity, silt, as well as density, sonic travel time, resistivity, and ??-ray response measured from well logs. The four lithologic types comprised: (1) sharply banded shale, (2) thinly laminated shale, (3) lenticularly laminated shale, and (4) nonbanded shale. Univariate and multivariate analyses of variance showed that the lithologic classification reflects significant differences for the variables measured, difference that can be detected independently of stratigraphic effects. Little-known statistical methods found useful in this work included: the multivariate analysis of variance with more than one effect, simultaneous plotting of samples and variables on canonical variates, and the use of parametric ANOVA and MANOVA on ranked data. ?? 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF01034746","issn":"00205958","usgsCitation":"Hohn, M., Nuhfer, E., Vinopal, R., and Klanderman, D., 1980, Visual classification of very fine-grained sediments: Evaluation through univariate and multivariate statistics: Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology, v. 12, no. 6, p. 589-606, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01034746.","startPage":"589","endPage":"606","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222462,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205242,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01034746"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc291e4b08c986b32ac11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hohn, M.","contributorId":92427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hohn","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nuhfer, E.B.","contributorId":89281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuhfer","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vinopal, R.J.","contributorId":13376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vinopal","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klanderman, D.S.","contributorId":58397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klanderman","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012296,"text":"70012296 - 1980 - Comparison of three techniques for the determination of uranium and thorium in rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T12:35:56","indexId":"70012296","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of three techniques for the determination of uranium and thorium in rocks","docAbstract":"U and Th concentrations have been determined in a series of selected whole-rock samples, using three different techniques: neutron activation analysis (INAA), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ID). The INAA technique yields U and Th data that are comparable with those obtained by ID over the entire concentration range studied. XRF only provides data with comparable precision at relatively high concentrations (> 10 ppm) but has the advantage of being able to determine other useful elements such as Rb, Sr, Pb and K. The choice between INAA and XRF therefore depends on the concentration levels anticipated, together with the overall requirements for the particular study. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(80)90030-3","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.J., Reid, D., Stuckless, J., and Welke, H., 1980, Comparison of three techniques for the determination of uranium and thorium in rocks: Chemical Geology, v. 29, no. 1-4, p. 345-350, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90030-3.","startPage":"345","endPage":"350","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266130,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90030-3"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8b4e4b0c8380cd4d240","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, R. J.","contributorId":62607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, D.L.","contributorId":39524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stuckless, J. S.","contributorId":6060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welke, H.J.","contributorId":29572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welke","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012365,"text":"70012365 - 1980 - Results and assessment of uranium series dating of vertebrate fossils from Quaternary alluvium in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T16:25:12","indexId":"70012365","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":898,"text":"Arctic and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Results and assessment of uranium series dating of vertebrate fossils from Quaternary alluvium in Colorado","docAbstract":"An average uranium-series age of 102,000 ± 14,000 yr for bones from Louviers Alluvium, near Denver, Colorado, is compatible with the inferred geologic age of from 120,000 to 150,000 yr. A uranium-series date of about 190,000 yr for a bone from Slocum Alluvium, near Canon City, Colorado, is consistent with the inferred geologic age of from 150,000 to 260,000 yr. Age determinations for the Broadway Alluvium are inconsistent but its geologic age is considered to be 15,000 to 30,000 yr BP.
","language":"English","publisher":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","doi":"10.2307/1550593","issn":"00040851","usgsCitation":"Szabo, B.J., 1980, Results and assessment of uranium series dating of vertebrate fossils from Quaternary alluvium in Colorado: Arctic and Alpine Research, v. 11, no. 1, p. 95-100, https://doi.org/10.2307/1550593.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"100","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaaefe4b0c8380cd865e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012569,"text":"70012569 - 1980 - Depositional environments of some Pleistocene coastal terrace deposits, southwestern Oregon - case history of progradational beach and dune sequence.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:08","indexId":"70012569","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional environments of some Pleistocene coastal terrace deposits, southwestern Oregon - case history of progradational beach and dune sequence.","docAbstract":"These deposits comprise a basal gravelly unit and 3 overlying sandy units, each with mud beds, a paleosol, or the modern soil in its uppermost part. The gravelly unit is interpreted as a progradational deposit. The main parts of the sandy units are made up of 1) a crossbedded sand facies, the dominant structure in which is medium-scale crossbedding (interpreted as the product of small eolian dunes), and 2) an irregularly bedded sand facies, which is locally pebbly and is dominated by scour-and-fill structures, interpreted as deposits of interdune ephemeral streams, ephemeral ponds, and wet to dry subaerial flats. The mud beds and paleosols represent times of temporary stabilization of the dune field.- from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(80)90015-9","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Hunter, R.E., 1980, Depositional environments of some Pleistocene coastal terrace deposits, southwestern Oregon - case history of progradational beach and dune sequence.: Sedimentary Geology, v. 27, no. 4, p. 241-262, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90015-9.","startPage":"241","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205227,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90015-9"},{"id":222364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fec1e4b0c8380cd4eee6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, R. E.","contributorId":48148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012125,"text":"70012125 - 1980 - Mapping the Galilean satellites of Jupiter with Voyager data.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012125","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping the Galilean satellites of Jupiter with Voyager data.","docAbstract":"The four Galilean satellites of Jupiter are being mapped using image data from the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft. The maps are published at several scales and in several versions. Preliminary maps at 1:25,000,000-required for mission planning and preliminary science reports-were compiled within three weeks of data acquisition and have been published. Later maps incorporate Rand Corporation photogrammetric triangulations. - from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Batson, R.M., 1980, Mapping the Galilean satellites of Jupiter with Voyager data.: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 10, p. 1303-1312.","startPage":"1303","endPage":"1312","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222237,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5079e4b0c8380cd6b6ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Batson, R. M.","contributorId":76714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012232,"text":"70012232 - 1980 - Experimental study of free-surface flow instability and bedforms in shallow flows.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012232","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental study of free-surface flow instability and bedforms in shallow flows.","docAbstract":"To test erosion and development of bed sculpture in unstable, pulsating shallow flow, 3 series of experiments were performed in a 10-m flume with flows of Reynolds Number up to 103, Froude Number up to 3.0, and slope up to 2%. In the first, the bed was rigid, in the second and third series planar beds were made from well-sorted and poorly sorted sand, respectively. Development of flow surface instability above the rigid bed showed the following stages: smooth surface; small wavelets; well-developed waves; and rough flow. The second series showed the following sequence: smooth bed; flow-aligned ridge and trough pattern; combined ridge and rhomboid pattern; and rhomboid configuration. The third series demonstrated transverse segregation of the bed material across the ridges.- from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(80)90016-0","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Karcz, I., and Kersey, D., 1980, Experimental study of free-surface flow instability and bedforms in shallow flows.: Sedimentary Geology, v. 27, no. 4, p. 263-300, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90016-0.","startPage":"263","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205279,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90016-0"},{"id":222647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0de5e4b0c8380cd5323f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karcz, I.","contributorId":58779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karcz","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kersey, D.","contributorId":49112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kersey","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012230,"text":"70012230 - 1980 - Small impact craters in the lunar regolith - Their morphologies, relative ages, and rates of formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012230","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3570,"text":"The Moon and the Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small impact craters in the lunar regolith - Their morphologies, relative ages, and rates of formation","docAbstract":"Apparently, there are two types of size-frequency distributions of small lunar craters (???1-100 m across): (1) crater production distributions for which the cumulative frequency of craters is an inverse function of diameter to power near 2.8, and (2) steady-state distributions for which the cumulative frequency of craters is inversely proportional to the square of their diameters. According to theory, cumulative frequencies of craters in each morphologic category within the steady-state should also be an inverse function of the square of their diameters. Some data on frequency distribution of craters by morphologic types are approximately consistent with theory, whereas other data are inconsistent with theory. A flux of crater producing objects can be inferred from size-frequency distributions of small craters on the flanks and ejecta of craters of known age. Crater frequency distributions and data on the craters Tycho, North Ray, Cone, and South Ray, when compared with the flux of objects measured by the Apollo Passive Seismometer, suggest that the flux of objects has been relatively constant over the last 100 m.y. (within 1/3 to 3 times of the flux estimated for Tycho). Steady-state frequency distributions for craters in several morphologic categories formed the basis for estimating the relative ages of craters and surfaces in a system used during the Apollo landing site mapping program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The relative ages in this system are converted to model absolute ages that have a rather broad range of values. The range of values of the absolute ages are between about 1/3 to 3 times the assigned model absolute age. ?? 1980 D. Reidel Publishing Co.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Moon and the Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00899820","issn":"01650807","usgsCitation":"Moore, H., Boyce, J.M., and Hahn, D., 1980, Small impact craters in the lunar regolith - Their morphologies, relative ages, and rates of formation: The Moon and the Planets, v. 23, no. 2, p. 231-252, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00899820.","startPage":"231","endPage":"252","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205277,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899820"},{"id":222645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9182e4b08c986b319949","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, H. J.","contributorId":71962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyce, J. M.","contributorId":85952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hahn, D.A.","contributorId":61103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012435,"text":"70012435 - 1980 - The 1977 eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:04","indexId":"70012435","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1977 eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Kilauea volcano began to erupt on September 13, 1977, after a 21.5-month period of quiescence. Harmonic tremor in the upper and central east rift zone and rapid deflation of the summit area occurred for 22 hours before the outbreak of surface activity. On the first night, spatter ramparts formed along a discontinuous, en-echelon, 5.5-km-long fissure system that trends N70??E between two prehistoric cones, Kalalua and Puu Kauka. Activity soon became concentrated at a central vent that erupted sporadically until September 23 and extruded flows that moved a maximum distance of 2.5 km to the east. On September 18, new spatter ramparts began forming west of Kalalua, extending to 7 km the length of the new vent system. A vent near the center of this latest fissure became the locus of sustained fountaining and continued to extrude spatter and short flows intermittently until September 20. The most voluminous phase of the eruption began late on September 25. A discontinuous spatter rampart formed along a 700-m segment near the center of the new, 7-km-long fissure system; within 24 hours activity became concentrated at the east end of this segment. One flow from the 35-m-high cone that formed at this site moved rapidly southeast and eventually reached an area 10 km from the vent and 700 m from the nearest house in the evacuated village of Kalapana. We estimate the total volume of material produced during this 18-day eruption to be 35 ?? 106 m3. Samples from active vents and flows are differentiated quartz-normative tholeiitic basalt, similar in composition to lavas erupted from Kilauea in 1955 and 1962. Plagioclase is the only significant phenocryst; augite, minor olivine, and rare orthopyroxene and opaque oxides accompany it as microphenocrysts. Sulfide globules occur in fresh glass and as inclusions in phenocrysts in early 1977 lavas; their absence in chemically-similar basalt from the later phases of the eruption suggests that more extensive intratelluric degassing occurred as the eruption proceeded. Bulk composition of lavas varied somewhat during the eruption, but the last basalt produced also is differentiated, suggesting that the magma withdrawn from the summit reservoir during the rapid deflation has not yet been erupted. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Moore, R.B., Helz, R., Dzurisin, D., Eaton, G.P., Koyanagi, R.Y., Lipman, P.W., Lockwood, J.P., and Puniwai, G.S., 1980, The 1977 eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 7, no. 3-4, p. 189-210.","startPage":"189","endPage":"210","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba626e4b08c986b320f0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helz, Rosalind Tuthill 0000-0003-1550-0684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":16806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind Tuthill","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":363572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dzurisin, D.","contributorId":76067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eaton, G. P.","contributorId":86334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koyanagi, R. Y.","contributorId":35719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koyanagi","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lockwood, J. P.","contributorId":104473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Puniwai, G. S.","contributorId":48588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puniwai","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70012231,"text":"70012231 - 1980 - A three-dimensional model to predict future oil discoveries in spatially connected multiple plays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012231","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2554,"text":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A three-dimensional model to predict future oil discoveries in spatially connected multiple plays","docAbstract":"A discovery-process model that had been devised previously to estimate the size distribution of oil and gas fields remaining to be discovered in a single producing horizon was adapted to a basin containing spatially connected multiple plays and producing horizons. This model used the concept of the area of influence of wells to estimate search effort. Other variables estimated from the historical drilling and discovery data are the effective basin size and the exploration-drilling efficiency. Data from the Midland Basin are used to illustrate how the model works. ?? 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF01028880","issn":"00205958","usgsCitation":"Schuenemeyer, J., Drew, L., and Bawiec, W., 1980, A three-dimensional model to predict future oil discoveries in spatially connected multiple plays: Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology, v. 12, no. 5, p. 459-472, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01028880.","startPage":"459","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205278,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01028880"},{"id":222646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5fee4b0c8380cd470ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuenemeyer, J.H.","contributorId":106094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuenemeyer","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, L.J.","contributorId":69157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bawiec, W.J.","contributorId":71540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawiec","given":"W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012066,"text":"70012066 - 1980 - Age of the basement rocks of southwest Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-04T12:23:59.761427","indexId":"70012066","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age of the basement rocks of southwest Montana","docAbstract":"Rb-Sr analyses of a suite of quartzo-feldspathic gneisses that are interlayered with beds of marble, quartzite, and amphibolite in the Ruby and Tobacco Root Ranges and the Gallatin River canyon of southwest Montana show that the age of metamorphism of these strata occurred about 2,750 m.y. ago. The 13 samples analyzed are from rock units that have in the past been assigned stratigraphically to the Pony Group, Cherry Creek Group, and Dillon Granite Gneiss. Except for two samples of anomalous composition, the data define a linear array on an isochron diagram that has a best-fit value of 2,762 ± 113 m.y. Inclusion of other published data for the Tobacco Root Range yields a best-fit value of 2,730 ± 85 m.y. This age corresponds closely to that of the principal metamorphic-plutonic epoch of the Bear-tooth Mountains, to which the term “Bear-tooth orogeny” has been applied. It also demonstrates that the major Precambrian metasedimentary sequences of the region are of Archean age.
While many in the oceanographic community enthusiastically look forward to the Ocean Margin Drilling (OMD) program, others are not sure that the science to be gained will be worth the commitment to such an expensive, technology-intensive venture. The program was 7 years in the planning at the National Science Foundation (NSF), calls for a total cost of about $700 million over the next decade, and is to last through 1989.
OMD was envisioned at the NSF as the next step after the enormously successful Glomar Challenger Deep-Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). Now winding down, DSDP is scheduled to continue through 1981 and taper off in 1982. A proposal has been submitted that would extend Challenger operations through 1983.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO061i025p00497","issn":"00963941","usgsCitation":"Masursky, H., and Pettengill, G., 1980, Ocean margin drilling - a multifaceted picture: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 61, no. 25, p. 497-498, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO061i025p00497.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"497","endPage":"498","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222637,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6c92e4b0c8380cd74cc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masursky, H.","contributorId":33823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masursky","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pettengill, G.H.","contributorId":43899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettengill","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70170536,"text":"70170536 - 1980 - Mount St. Helens Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-24T12:29:09","indexId":"70170536","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mount St. Helens Volcano","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Crandell, D.R., and Mullineaux, D.R., 1980, Mount St. Helens Volcano: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 4, p. 135-140.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"140","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":320482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571dee2ce4b071321fe5640f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crandell, D. R.","contributorId":78385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crandell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mullineaux, D. R.","contributorId":64248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullineaux","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70170528,"text":"70170528 - 1980 - Girl Scouts promote earthquake awareness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-24T12:10:35","indexId":"70170528","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Girl Scouts promote earthquake awareness","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Campbell, C., 1980, Girl Scouts promote earthquake awareness: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 12, no. 5, p. 177-180.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"180","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":320474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571dee2be4b071321fe563ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, C.","contributorId":168864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":64774,"text":"i1254A - 1980 - Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Port Isabel 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-29T18:31:13.927695","indexId":"i1254A","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1254","subseriesTitle":"MGA","chapter":"A","title":"Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Port Isabel 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1254A","usgsCitation":"Berryhill, H.L., and Trippet, A., 1980, Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Port Isabel 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1254, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 46.83 x 24.80 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1254A.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 46.83 x 24.80 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":255197,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1254a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255198,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1254a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":420252,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9078.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":255199,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1254a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Port Isabel 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.5,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -97.5,\n 27\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 27\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -97.5,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640e0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berryhill, H. L. Jr.","contributorId":35361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryhill","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trippet, A. R.","contributorId":105377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trippet","given":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003346,"text":"1003346 - 1980 - Effects of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control in the Great Lakes on aquatic plants, invertebrates and amphibians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:11","indexId":"1003346","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control in the Great Lakes on aquatic plants, invertebrates and amphibians","docAbstract":"The chemicals 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) or a combination of TFM and 2a??,5-dichloro-4a??-nitrosalicylanilide (Bayer 73) have been used to control the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes for about 20 yr. These chemicals cause some mortalities of Oligochaeta and Hirudinea, immature forms of Ephemeroptera (Hexagenia sp.), and certain Trichoptera, Simuliidae, and Amphibia (Necturus sp.). The combination of TFM and Bayer 73 may affect some Pelecypoda and Gastropoda, but its overall effects on invertebrates are probably less than those of TFM alone. Granular Bayer 73 is likely to induce mortalities among oligochaetes, microcrustaceans, chironomids, and pelecypods. No evidence exists that the lampricides have caused the catastrophic decline or disappearance of any species. The overall impact of chemical control of sea lampreys on aquatic communities has been minor compared with the benefits derived.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gilderhus, P., and Johnson, B.G., 1980, Effects of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control in the Great Lakes on aquatic plants, invertebrates and amphibians: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 37, no. 11, p. 1895-1905.","productDescription":"pp. 1895-1905","startPage":"1895","endPage":"1905","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15406,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://rparticle.web-p.cisti.nrc.ca/rparticle/AbstractTemplateServlet?calyLang=eng&journal=cjfas&volume=37&year=0&issue=11&msno=f80-231","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6862.000000000000000"}],"volume":"37","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610fb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilderhus, P.A.","contributorId":60156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilderhus","given":"P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, B. G. H.","contributorId":48511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"G. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012366,"text":"70012366 - 1980 - Geodetic measurement of horizontal deformation across the Rio Grande rift near Socorro, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T16:44:26.503108","indexId":"70012366","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geodetic measurement of horizontal deformation across the Rio Grande rift near Socorro, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Trilateration surveys of a geodetic network across the Rio Grande rift near Socorro, New Mexico, in 1972, 1973, 1976, and 1979 have failed to detect any significant strain accumulation. The surveys place an upper bound (95% confidence limit) of 1 mm/a (a = years) on east-west spreading cross the rift in 1972–1979. There is marginal evidence from triangulation for an episode of east-west spreading across the rift within the interval 1954–1972. The trilateration network lies on the south flank of an uplift caused by magma intrusion into a midcrustal sill during this century according to Reilinger and Oliver. The horizontal deformation induced by sill inflation is sufficiently small that continued uplift during 1972–1979 cannot be excluded by the observed absence of significant horizontal deformation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB085iB12p07215","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Lisowski, M., Prescott, W., and Sanford, A., 1980, Geodetic measurement of horizontal deformation across the Rio Grande rift near Socorro, New Mexico: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 85, no. B12, p. 7215-7220, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB085iB12p07215.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"7215","endPage":"7220","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222137,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a173ce4b0c8380cd5543c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanford, A.R.","contributorId":37072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012380,"text":"70012380 - 1980 - Opaque minerals as aids in distinguishing between source and sorting effects on beach sand mineralogy in southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-23T00:27:19.724704","indexId":"70012380","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Opaque minerals as aids in distinguishing between source and sorting effects on beach sand mineralogy in southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"Both source area and wave sorting affect the heavy-mineral distributions of beach sands. Although source and sorting effects are difficult to distinguish, they can be separated on four Oregon beaches by studying the magnetic fraction of the sand. Prominent headlands bound the four beaches, which are located on the southwestern Oregon coast. On three beaches the percentage of magnetite in the sand from the upper swash zone consistently increases toward the north end of each beach, apparently owing to selective sorting during littoral transport. However, the percentages of chromium and titanium in the magnetite are generally independent of the relative location of the samples along the beach and therefore independent of sorting effects. Each beach appears to be characterized by a fairly distinct range of Ti/Cr in the magnetic fraction, and the range differs from beach to beach. The magnetite percentage and the Ti/Cr range suggest that sorting and source effects can be distinguished on beaches rich in \"black\" sands, and that sand transport around headlands in this area is not extensive enough to mask source differences. The results of this study suggest that sorting and source effects can be distinguished wherever there are chemical or mineralogical differences in a restricted density fraction.
The desirable properties of an estimator relative to a hypothetical population may be irrelevant in practice unless the population at issue more or less resembles the hypothetical population. Evidence that floods are distributed with long, stretched upper tails suggests that use of the more common distributions results in a rather precise underestimation of the extreme quantiles and thereby in the underdesign of flood protection measures.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR016i003p00547","usgsCitation":"Landwehr, J.M., Matalas, N., and Wallis, J., 1980, Quantile estimation with more or less floodlike distributions: Water Resources Research, v. 16, no. 3, p. 547-555, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR016i003p00547.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"555","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91f4e4b0c8380cd8057c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landwehr, J. Maciunas","contributorId":13962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landwehr","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Maciunas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matalas, N.C.","contributorId":25173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matalas","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallis, J.R.","contributorId":79236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003347,"text":"1003347 - 1980 - Development of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) larvicides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T09:11:15","indexId":"1003347","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) larvicides","docAbstract":"Larvicides are used to control sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes. These larvicides are useful because they are more toxic to sea lamprey than fish species found in the same habitat. The lampricides come from two classes of chemical compounds: (1) halonitrophenols, and (2) halonitrosalicylanilides. Selectivity of the larvicides appears to be based on the differences in the ability of sea lamprey larvae and fishes to detoxify and/or excrete the chemicals. Glucuronide conjugation is an important mechanism for detoxification of these larvicides by fish, and selectivity of larvicides may be due to differences in glucuronyl transferase activity between lamprey and fishes. If more detailed information were available on uptake, metabolism, excretion, and the biochemistry and physiology of lamprey as compared to fishes, it might be possible to design chemicals that would be more selective than those now in use.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f80-251","usgsCitation":"Howell, J.H., Lech, J.J., and Allen, J.L., 1980, Development of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) larvicides: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 37, no. 11, p. 2103-2107, https://doi.org/10.1139/f80-251.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"2103","endPage":"2107","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269515,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f80-251"}],"volume":"37","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65de50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howell, John H.","contributorId":39720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lech, John J.","contributorId":22295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lech","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, John L.","contributorId":86293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}