The rate of Cd2+ sorption by a calcareous aquifer sand was characterized by two reaction steps, with the first step reaching completion in 24 hours. The second step proceeded at a slow and nearly constant rate for at least seven days. The first step includes a fast adsorption reaction which is followed by diffusive transport into either a disordered surface film of hydrated calcium carbonate or into pore spaces. After 24 hours the rate of Cd2+ sorption was constant and controlled by the rate of surface coprecipitation, as a solid solution of CdCO3 in CaCO3 formed in recrystallizing material. Desorption of Cd2+ from the sand was slow. Clean grains of primary minerals, e.g. quartz and aluminosilicates. sorbed much less Cd2+ than grains which had surface patches of secondary minerals, e.g. carbonates, iron and manganese oxides. Calcite grains sorbed the greatest amount of Cd2+ on a weight-normalized basis despite the greater abundance of quartz. A method is illustrated for determining empirical binding constants for trace metals at in situ pH values without introducing the experimental problem of supersaturation. The binding constants are useful for solute transport models which include a computation of aqueous speciation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(87)90331-0","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Fuller, C.C., and Davis, J., 1987, Processes and kinetics of Cd2+ sorption by a calcareous aquifer sand: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 51, no. 6, p. 1491-1502, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(87)90331-0.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1491","endPage":"1502","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8dade4b0c8380cd7ed70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014263,"text":"70014263 - 1987 - Characterization of fracture permeability with high-resolution vertical flow measurements during borehole pumping.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T10:22:23","indexId":"70014263","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of fracture permeability with high-resolution vertical flow measurements during borehole pumping.","docAbstract":"The distribution of fracture permeability in granitic rocks was investigated by measuring the distribution of vertical flow in boreholes during periods of steady pumping. Pumping tests were conducted at two sites chosen to provide examples of moderately fractured rocks near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire and intensely fractured rocks near Oracle, Arizona. A sensitive heat-pulse flowmeter was used for accurate measurements of vertical flow as low as 0.2 liter per minute. Results indicate zones of fracture permeability in crystalline rocks are composed of irregular conduits that cannot be approximated by planar fractures of uniform aperture, and that the orientation of permeability zones may be unrelated to the orientation of individual fractures within those zones.-Authors","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02113.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., Hess, A., Cheng, C., and Hardin, E., 1987, Characterization of fracture permeability with high-resolution vertical flow measurements during borehole pumping.: Ground Water, v. 25, no. 1, p. 28-40, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02113.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4c8e4b0c8380cd4befa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, A.E.","contributorId":71979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, C.H.","contributorId":94443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardin, E.","contributorId":68045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardin","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014283,"text":"70014283 - 1987 - Stable isotope dilution analysis of hydrologic samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-18T14:29:37.540324","indexId":"70014283","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope dilution analysis of hydrologic samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is employed in the determination of Ni, Cu, Sr, Cd, Ba, Ti, and Pb in nonsaline, natural water samples by stable isotope dilution analysis. Hydrologic samples were directly analyzed without any unusual pretreatment. Interference effects related to overlapping isobars, formation of metal oxide and multiply charged ions, and matrix composition were identified and suitable methods of correction evaluated. A comparability study snowed that single-element isotope dilution analysis was only marginally better than sequential multielement isotope dilution analysis. Accuracy and precision of the single-element method were determined on the basis of results obtained for standard reference materials. The instrumental technique was shown to be ideally suited for programs associated with certification of standard reference materials.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ac00138a018","usgsCitation":"Garbarino, J.R., and Taylor, H.E., 1987, Stable isotope dilution analysis of hydrologic samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Analytical Chemistry, v. 59, no. 11, p. 1568-1575, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00138a018.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1568","endPage":"1575","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9674e4b08c986b31b500","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garbarino, John R. jrgarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"John","email":"jrgarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":368029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":368028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014284,"text":"70014284 - 1987 - Analysis of extraordinary flood events. U.S.-China bilateral symposium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:29","indexId":"70014284","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of extraordinary flood events. U.S.-China bilateral symposium","docAbstract":"The symposium took place in Nanjing on 15-19 October 1985 and this volume contains 29 of the 52 papers presented, most of the authors coming either from China or the USA. The articles are organized into three major topics: 1) detection of historical floods and evaluation of the uncertainties in their peak discharges and times of occurrence; 2) frequency analysis and design flood determination in the presence of extraordinary floods and historic floods; 3) use of storm data in determining design storms and design floods. -M.A.Bass","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Kirby, E., Shi-Qian, H., and Beard, L., 1987, Analysis of extraordinary flood events. U.S.-China bilateral symposium: Journal of Hydrology, v. 96, no. 1-4.","numberOfPages":"383","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb12e4b0c8380cd48bd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, E.W.H.","contributorId":71704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"E.W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi-Qian, Hua","contributorId":87702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi-Qian","given":"Hua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beard, L.R.","contributorId":31125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014769,"text":"70014769 - 1987 - Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-05T19:49:26","indexId":"70014769","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide","docAbstract":"Nonvolatile, organic solutes that comprise the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in saline waters were isolated by removal of the water by distillation from a N,N-dimethylformamideformic acid-acetonitrile mixture. Salts isolated with the DOC were removed by crystallization of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate from the solvent mixture, removal of silicic acid by acidification and precipitation, removal of boric acid by methylation and volatilization, and removal of phosphate by zinc acetate precipitation. Chemical alteration of the organic solutes was minimized during evaporative concentration steps by careful control of acid concentrations in the solvent mixture and was minimized during drying by conversion of the samples to pyridinium and sodium salts. Recoveries of various hydrophilic organic standards from aqueous salt solutions and recoveries of natural organic solutes from various water samples varied from 60 to 100%. Losses of organic solutes during the isolation procedure were nonselective and related to the number of salt- and precipitate-washing cycles in the procedure.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac00136a013","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Leenheer, J., Brown, P., and Stiles, E., 1987, Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide: Analytical Chemistry, v. 59, no. 9, p. 1313-1319, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00136a013.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1313","endPage":"1319","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f53e4b0c8380cd64446","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, P.A.","contributorId":73245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stiles, E.A.","contributorId":42353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014790,"text":"70014790 - 1987 - Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T17:39:44.569157","indexId":"70014790","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer","docAbstract":"Growth rates of unattached bacteria in groundwater contaminated with treated sewage and collected at various distances from the source of contamination were estimated by using frequency of dividing cells and tritiated-thymidine uptake and compared with growth rates obtained with unsupplemented, closed-bottle incubations. Estimates of bacterial generation times [(In 2)/μ] along a 3-km-long transect in oxygen-depleted (0.1 to 0.7 mg of dissolved oxygen liter-1) groundwater ranged from 16 h at 0.26 km downgradient from an on-land, treated-sewage outfall to 139 h at 1.6 km and correlated with bacterial abundance (r2 = 0.88 at P < 0.001). Partitioning of assimilated thymidine into nucleic acid generally decreased with distance from the contaminant source, and one population in heavily contaminated groundwater assimilated little thymidine during a 20-h incubation. Several assumptions commonly made when frequency of dividing cells and tritiated-thymidine uptake are used were not applicable to the groundwater samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.53.12.2992-2996.1987","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R., and George, L., 1987, Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 53, no. 12, p. 2992-2996, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.12.2992-2996.1987.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2992","endPage":"2996","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489719,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.12.2992-2996.1987","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":225794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ],\n [\n -70.68070167450198,\n 41.6945136775133\n ],\n [\n -70.6779581505853,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -70.67247110275133,\n 41.57353305884914\n ],\n [\n -70.70813691366979,\n 41.52630961823749\n ],\n [\n -70.6450358635835,\n 41.505766928716014\n ],\n [\n -70.60388300483176,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.5325513829955,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.46121976115928,\n 41.546845787507465\n ],\n [\n -70.42555395024084,\n 41.579690094800526\n ],\n [\n -70.33776118490337,\n 41.61661998392671\n ],\n [\n -70.26642956306715,\n 41.59610598773847\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 41.63302648454291\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 41.65967814379741\n ],\n [\n -70.00030774313942,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -69.93171964521983,\n 41.64942881033289\n ],\n [\n -69.91251497780193,\n 41.77231315298667\n ],\n [\n -69.94818078872038,\n 41.92150558094457\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 42.0316431803505\n ],\n [\n -70.08535698455957,\n 42.07034999451639\n ],\n [\n -70.1950979412309,\n 42.10089134374752\n ],\n [\n -70.25819899131719,\n 42.08256829852266\n ],\n [\n -70.26094251523384,\n 42.05609233347204\n ],\n [\n -70.21430260864811,\n 42.013300141541976\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 42.04183147085118\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 42.00718461934795\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 41.90721454025004\n ],\n [\n -70.04146060189117,\n 41.79277103595206\n ],\n [\n -70.21155908473149,\n 41.764128172257415\n ],\n [\n -70.25545546739986,\n 41.73751977314524\n ],\n [\n -70.41183633065691,\n 41.75184874318762\n ],\n [\n -70.4749373807432,\n 41.784588666019545\n ],\n [\n -70.5572430982467,\n 41.78254291035651\n ],\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2df2e4b0c8380cd5c17a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, L.H.","contributorId":97256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015124,"text":"70015124 - 1987 - A model for trace metal sorption processes at the calcite surface: Adsorption of Cd2+ and subsequent solid solution formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-05T19:46:45","indexId":"70015124","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model for trace metal sorption processes at the calcite surface: Adsorption of Cd2+ and subsequent solid solution formation","docAbstract":"The rate of Cd2+ sorption by calcite was determined as a function of pH and Mg2+ in aqueous solutions saturated with respect to calcite but undersaturated with respect to CdCO3. The sorption is characterized by two reaction steps, with the first reaching completion within 24 hours. The second step proceeded at a slow and nearly constant rate for at least 7 days. The rate of calcite recrystallization was also studied, using a Ca2+ isotopic exchange technique. Both the recrystallization rate of calcite and the rate of slow Cd2+ sorption decrease with increasing pH or with increasing Mg2+. The recrystallization rate could be predicted from the number of moles of Ca present in the hydrated surface layer. A model is presented which is consistent with the rates of Cd2+ sorption and Ca2+ isotopic exchange. In the model, the first step in Cd2+ sorption involves a fast adsorption reaction that is followed by diffusion of Cd2+ into a surface layer of hydrated CaCO3 that overlies crystalline calcite. Desorption of Cd2+ from the hydrated layer is slow. The second step is solid solution formation in new crystalline material, which grows from the disordered mixture of Cd and Ca carbonate in the hydrated surface layer. Calculated distribution coefficients for solid solutions formed at the surface are slightly greater than the ratio of equilibrium constants for dissolution of calcite and CdCO3, which is the value that would be expected for an ideal solid solution in equilibrium with the aqueous solution. ?? 1987.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(87)90330-9","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., Fuller, C.C., and Cook, A., 1987, A model for trace metal sorption processes at the calcite surface: Adsorption of Cd2+ and subsequent solid solution formation: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 51, no. 6, p. 1477-1490, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(87)90330-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1477","endPage":"1490","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e47de4b0c8380cd46671","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, A.D.","contributorId":53530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015207,"text":"70015207 - 1987 - Reduction of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria: Experiments with cell suspensions and estuarine sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T17:12:08.140928","indexId":"70015207","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduction of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria: Experiments with cell suspensions and estuarine sediments","docAbstract":"Washed cell suspensions of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans subsp. aestuarii were capable of reducing nanomolar levels of selenate to selenide as well as sulfate to sulfide. Reduction of these species was inhibited by 1 mM selenate or tungstate. The addition of 1 mM sulfate decreased the reduction of selenate and enhanced the reduction of sulfate. Increasing concentrations of sulfate inhibited rates of selenate reduction but enhanced sulfate reduction rates. Cell suspensions kept in 1 mM selenate were incapable of reducing either selenate or sulfate when the selenate/sulfate ratio was ≥0.02, indicating that irreversible inhibition occurs at high selenate concentrations. Anoxic estuarine sediments having an active flora of sulfate-respiring bacteria were capable of a small amount of selenate reduction when ambient sulfate concentrations were low (<4 mM). These results indicate that sulfate is an inhibitor of the reduction of trace quantities of selenate. Therefore, direct reduction of traces of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria in natural environments is constrained by the ambient concentration of sulfate ions. The significance of this observation with regard to the role sediments play in sequestering selenium is discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.53.6.1365-1369.1987","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Zehr, J., and Oremland, R.S., 1987, Reduction of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria: Experiments with cell suspensions and estuarine sediments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 53, no. 6, p. 1365-1369, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.6.1365-1369.1987.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1365","endPage":"1369","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489718,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.6.1365-1369.1987","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":223753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3e5e4b0e8fec6cdba08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zehr, J.P.","contributorId":106645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zehr","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014859,"text":"70014859 - 1987 - Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part II. A hydrologic model and mass-balance arguments for their development.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-28T01:01:09.307497","indexId":"70014859","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part II. A hydrologic model and mass-balance arguments for their development.","docAbstract":"Hydrologic, geologic, geomorphic, and mass-balance data suggest that most of the ∼30,000 playa lake basins on the Southern High Plains have developed by a combination of dissolution of caliche and piping of surface material into the unsaturated zone rather than by eolian processes as has generally been stated. A conceptual model suggests that particulate organic material, much of which is sorbed on smectite clays, is carried downward from the surface into the unsaturated zone by recharging water. The organic material is oxidized to CO2, which dissolves in the water, forms carbonic acid, and dissolves lithologic carbonates. Because organic material is transported and oxidized deep in the unsaturated zone, CO2 concentrations are much higher at depth than in the soil zone, and recharging water remains thermodynamically subsaturated with respect to carbonates and thus able to dissolve them throughout the unsaturated zone. Dissolution promotes lithologic instability, leading to piping and eluviation of material within the unsaturated zone. Playa basins expand laterally as recharge is concentrated at the edge of the playa floor because of lowered permeability in the center that results from accumulation of clays and other fine sediment.
Mass-balance calculations of gas, liquid, and solid fluxes beneath a playa basin suggest that sufficient mass is transported to account for the volume of the depression. Particulate flux is estimated by relating it to the CO2 flux out of the unsaturated zone. Solute flux is estimated from the difference between input values from the playa lake water and that observed in ground water. Gas flux is measured directly from gas samples at specific depths below the: surface.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<224:PBOTSH>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., and Osterkamp, W.R., 1987, Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part II. A hydrologic model and mass-balance arguments for their development.: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, no. 2, p. 224-230, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<224:PBOTSH>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"224","endPage":"230","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225735,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c38e4b0c8380cd79882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osterkamp, W. R.","contributorId":46044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014852,"text":"70014852 - 1987 - Hydrogeological concepts in the United States: a historical perspective.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-17T20:38:15","indexId":"70014852","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1582,"text":"Episodes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeological concepts in the United States: a historical perspective.","docAbstract":"Reviews the development of hydrogeological concepts in the USA from 1879 to 1987, from early qualitative reconnaissance investigations to modern qualitative and multi-disciplinary studies involving predictive analytical techniques and a consideration of management practices. The authors present a sampling of historical milestone papers in US hydrology in the form of an annotated bibliography.-Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Episodes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07053797","usgsCitation":"Moore, J., and Hanshaw, B., 1987, Hydrogeological concepts in the United States: a historical perspective.: Episodes, v. 10, no. 4, p. 315-321.","startPage":"315","endPage":"321","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265831,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.episodes.co.in/www/backissues/104/ARTICLES--315.pdf"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a340ae4b0c8380cd5f468","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, J.E.","contributorId":34927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanshaw, B.B.","contributorId":25928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanshaw","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70231785,"text":"70231785 - 1987 - The use of remote sensing data in geographic information systems for hydrologic studies in developing countries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T14:03:02.725444","indexId":"70231785","displayToPublicDate":"1986-06-01T08:49:54","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The use of remote sensing data in geographic information systems for hydrologic studies in developing countries","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Study week on: Remote sensing and its impact on developing countries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Study week on: Remote sensing and its impact on developing countries","conferenceDate":"June 16-21, 1986","conferenceLocation":"Vatican City, Rome, Italy","language":"English","publisher":"Pontifical Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Moore, D.G., 1987, The use of remote sensing data in geographic information systems for hydrologic studies in developing countries, in Study week on: Remote sensing and its impact on developing countries, Vatican City, Rome, Italy, June 16-21, 1986, p. 391-411.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"411","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401147,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401146,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.pas.va/en/publications/scripta-varia/sv68pas.html"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Chagas, Carlos","contributorId":292122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chagas","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843826,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canuto, Vittorio","contributorId":292123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canuto","given":"Vittorio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843827,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Moore, D. G.","contributorId":7285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70176447,"text":"70176447 - 1986 - A history of paleoflood hydrology in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-14T12:29:05","indexId":"70176447","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A history of paleoflood hydrology in the United States","docAbstract":"The origins of paleoflood hydrology in the United States can be traced back to the beginning of the 19th century, when windgaps and watergaps in the Applachians were believed to have been eroded by extraordinary floods as large lakes that were ponded behind the ridges rapidly drained. Sediment evidence for extraordinary floods was evoked several decades later when glacial sediments in New England were interpreted as deposits from the great Biblical deluge, and estimates of the depth and velocity of the great flood were attempted. The popularization of the glacial origins of drift by Agassiz by 1840 resulted in strong beliefs in uniformitarianism and waning interests in paleoflood investigations. The documentation of the origins of the channeled scablands in eastern Washington by catastrophic glacial outbreak floods, begun by Bretz in the early 1920s, led to renewed interest in paleoflood hydrology. Subsequent efforts to reconstruct hydraulic variables of past floods used conventional open channel flow equations applied to other enormous Pleistocene floods. The elevation of sediments was used as a paleostage estimator in the 1880s, and botanical techniques for estimating paleoflood frequency and magnitude were well documented by the mid-1960s. Since 1970, an exponential expansion has occurred in the recognition and use of paleoflood hydrology in the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/EO067i017p00425-02","usgsCitation":"Costa, J.E., 1986, A history of paleoflood hydrology in the United States: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 67, no. 17, p. 425-430, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO067i017p00425-02.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"430","numberOfPages":"4","temporalStart":"1800-01-01","temporalEnd":"1970-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57da74ade4b090824ffb7e0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Costa, John E.","contributorId":105743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70174615,"text":"70174615 - 1986 - Metabolism of reduced methylated sulfur compounds in anaerobic sediments and by a pure culture of an estuarine methanogen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T18:10:44.374029","indexId":"70174615","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-13T06:45:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metabolism of reduced methylated sulfur compounds in anaerobic sediments and by a pure culture of an estuarine methanogen","docAbstract":"Addition of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethyldisulfide (DMDS), or methane thiol (MSH) to a diversity of anoxic aquatic sediments (e.g., fresh water, estuarine, alkaline/hypersaline) stimulated methane production. The yield of methane recovered from DMS was often 52 to 63%, although high concentrations of DMS (as well as MSH and DMDS) inhibited methanogenesis in some types of sediments. Production of methane from these reduced methylated sulfur compounds was blocked by 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid. Sulfate did not influence the metabolism of millimolar levels of DMS, DMDS, or MSH added to sediments. However, when DMS was added at ∼2-μM levels as [14C]DMS, metabolism by sediments resulted in a 14CH4/14CO2 ratio of only 0.06. Addition of molybdate increased the ratio to 1.8, while 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid decreased it to 0, but did not block 14CO2 production. These results indicate the methanogens and sulfate reducers compete for DMS when it is present at low concentrations; however, at high concentrations, DMS is a “noncompetitive” substrate for methanogens. Metabolism of DMS by sediments resulted in the appearance of MSH as a transient intermediate. A pure culture of an obligately methylotrophic estuarine methanogen was isolated which was capable of growth on DMS. Metabolism of DMS by the culture also resulted in the transient appearance of MSH, but the organism could grow on neither MSH nor DMDS. The culture metabolized [14C]-DMS to yield a 14CH4/14CO2 ratio of ∼2.8. Reduced methylated sulfur compounds represent a new class of substrates for methanogens and may be potential precursors of methane in a variety of aquatic habitats.
\nGel filtration chromatographs of cytosols from the clam Macorna balthica analysed from both field and laboratory treated specimens showed that uptake of Cu, Ag, and Zn in the metallothionein-like protein (MLP) pool follows exposure both in nature and in the laboratory. Specimens collected from San Francisco Bay over 18 mo showed strong temporal variability in the fractionation of the metals among cytosolic proteins. A marked increase in Cu, Ag, and Zn in a very low molecular weight pool occurred when concentrations were highest In the MLP pool. The correlation between total cytosollc metal and MLP-metal also appeared to approach a hyperbolic character at the highest concentrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps028087","usgsCitation":"Johansson, C., Cain, D.J., and Luoma, S.N., 1986, Variability in the fractionation of Cu, Ag, and Zn among cytosolic proteins in the bivalve Macoma balthica: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 28, no. 1-2, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps028087.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps028087","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Francisco","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.03314208984374,\n 37.14499280340638\n ],\n [\n -123.03314208984374,\n 38.30933576918588\n ],\n [\n -121.2506103515625,\n 38.30933576918588\n ],\n [\n -121.2506103515625,\n 37.14499280340638\n ],\n [\n -123.03314208984374,\n 37.14499280340638\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57876633e4b0d27deb36e1d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johansson, C.","contributorId":31425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johansson","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046142,"text":"70046142 - 1986 - Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer east-central Oklahoma with a section on chemical quality of water","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":8675,"text":"ofr77487 - 1977 - Hydrologic data for the Vamoosa Aquifer, east-central Oklahoma","indexId":"ofr77487","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrologic data for the Vamoosa Aquifer, east-central Oklahoma"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046142,"text":"70046142 - 1986 - Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer east-central Oklahoma with a section on chemical quality of water","indexId":"70046142","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer east-central Oklahoma with a section on chemical quality of water"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-20T00:19:18.616106","indexId":"70046142","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":244,"text":"Circular","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"87","title":"Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer east-central Oklahoma with a section on chemical quality of water","docAbstract":"The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, which underlies an area of about 2,320 mi2, consists principally of the Vamoosa Formation and the overlying Ada Group of Pennsylvanian age. Rocks comprising the aquifer were deposited in a nearshore environment ranging from marine on the west to nonmarine on the east. Because of changes in depositional environments with time and from place to place, the aquifer is a complex sequence of fine- to very fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate, with interbedded very thin limestone. The aggregate thickness of water-bearing sandstones is greatest south of the Cimarron River, where it reaches a maximum of 550 ft in the vicinity of Seminole. North of the Cimarron River, the average aggregate thickness of the sandstones is about 100 ft, but locally it may be as much as 200 ft. Transmissivity values derived from seven aquifer tests made for this study range from 70 to 490 ft2 per day; values decrease from south to north with decreasing sandstone thickness. Hydraulic-conductivity values range from 2 to 4 ft per day. Storage coefficients for the confined part of the aquifer, as determined from four aquifer tests made during 1944, have an average value of 0.0002. The average storage coefficient for the unconfined part of the aquifer is estimated at 0.12, based on an analysis of geophysical logs and grain-size data. The specific capacity of wells tested is generally less than 1 gallon per minute per foot of drawdown. An approximate hydrologic budget for the aquifer for 1975 gives values, in acre-feet per year, of 93,000 for recharge, 233,000 for runoff, and 2,003,000 for evapotranspiration. The total of these values is almost equal to the average annual precipitation of 2,330,000 acre-ft per year. The estimated amount of water containing a maximum of 1,500 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids stored in the aquifer is estimated at 60 million acre-ft. Of this amount, an estimated 36 million acre-ft is available for use. The quality of water in the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer generally is suitable for municipal, domestic, and stock use. Of 55 water samples analyzed in the laboratory, about 75 percent were of the sodium bicarbonate or sodium calcium bicarbonate type; the remainder were of the sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, or indeterminate types. Laboratory and on-site chemical-quality data indicate that mineralization of both ground and surface waters is greater than normal in some areas. Water samples from 7 wells and 12 stream sites had concentrations of bromide exceeding 1 milligram per liter; the only known source of bromide in the area is brine associated with petroleum production.","language":"English","publisher":"Oklahoma Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Oklahoma Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"D’Lugosz, J.J., McClaflin, R.G., and Marcher, M.V., 1986, Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer east-central Oklahoma with a section on chemical quality of water: Circular 87, vi, 42 p.; Maps: 3 Sheets: 40 x 44 inches.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.; Maps: 3 Sheets: 40 x 44 inches","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[{"id":634,"text":"Water Resources Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272929,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ou.edu/ogs/publications/circulars/circularssearch"},{"id":272933,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70046142.png"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.0,33.62 ], [ -103.0,37.0 ], [ -94.43,37.0 ], [ -94.43,33.62 ], [ -103.0,33.62 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a5d1e9e4b0605bc571efbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Lugosz, Joseph J.","contributorId":71172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Lugosz","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClaflin, Roger G.","contributorId":50157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClaflin","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marcher, Melvin V.","contributorId":11590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcher","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038342,"text":"70038342 - 1986 - Water resources inventory of Connecticut Part 9: Farmington River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-30T10:06:57","indexId":"70038342","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-01T10:47:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":108,"text":"Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"29","title":"Water resources inventory of Connecticut Part 9: Farmington River basin","docAbstract":"The Farmington River basin covers 435 square miles in north-central Connecticut upstream from Tariffville and downstream of the Massachusetts state line. Most water in the basin is derived from precipitation, which averages 48 inches (366 billion gallons) per year. An additional 67 billion gallons of water per year enters the basin from Massachusetts in the West Branch of the Farmington River, Hubbard River, Valley Brook and some smaller streams. Of the total 433 billion gallons, 174 billion gallons returns to the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration. 239 billion gallons flows out of the study area in the Farmington River at Tariffville, and 20 billion gallons is diverted for Hartford water supply. Variations in streamflow at 23 continuous-record gaging stations are summarized in standardized graphs and tables that can be used to estimate streamflow characteristics at other sites. For example, mean flow and low-flow characteristics such as the 7-day annual minimum flow for 2-year and 10-year recurrence intervals, have been determined for many partial-record stations from the data for the 23 continuous-record stations. Of the 31 principal lakes, ponds, and reservoirs in the basin, eight have usable storage capacities of more than 1 billion gallons. Two of the largest, Colebrook River Lake and Barkhamsted Reservoir, have more than 30 billion gallons usable storage. Floods have occurred in the area in every month of the year. The greatest known flood on the Farmington River was in August 1955, which had a peak flow of 140,000 cubic feet per second at Collinsville. Since then, three major floodcontrol reservoirs have been constructed to reduce the hazards of high streamflow. The major aquifers underlying the basin are composed of unconsolidated materials (stratified drift and till) and bedrock (sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic). Stratified drift overlies till and bedrock in valleys and lowlands; it averages about 90 feet in thickness, and is capable of large sustained yields of water to individual wells. Based on hydrologic characteristics and available recharge, sixteen stratified-drift areas are selected as the most favorable for large-scale development. Potential yields can be estimated by several methods. Small water supplies can be obtained from all aquifers. Wells in bedrock yield at least one to two gallons per minute at most sites. The probability of adequate yields for domestic supply is greater from sedimentary than from crystalline bedrock and is also greater from stratified-drift overburden than from till. The quality of water from all sources in the basin is good except where adversely affected by swamp drainage, aquifer composition or human activities. The water is generally low in dissolved-solids concentration and is soft to moderately hard. Surface water is less mineralized than ground water, especially during high-flow conditions when it is primarily direct runoff. Samples of water collected from 20 streams during high flow had 34 mg/L median dissolved-solids concentration and 16 mg/L median hardness. Samples collected from the same sites at low flow had 52 mg/L median dissolved solids and 28 mg/L median hardness. In contrast, water from wells had 112 mg/L median dissolved-solids concentration and 60 mg/L median hardness. Iron and manganese occur in objectionable concentrations ~n a few parts of the basin where streams drain swamps and aquifers are rich in iron- and manganese-bearing minerals. Five percent of streams at high flow, 21 percent at low flow, and 7 percent of ground-water samples contained iron in sufficient concentration to cause stains on plumbing fixtures and laundry. Human activities have modified the quality of water in parts of the basin. The high bacterial content of the Pequabuck River. and the high nitrate and chloride concentrations in some ground-water samples, are evidence of man’s influence. The quantity and quality of water in the basin’s streams and aquifers are satisfactory for a wide variety of uses. and, with suitable treatment, may be used for most purposes. The total amount of water used by 21 principal public supplies within the basin was 29 billion gallons in 1970. About 70 percent of this was used for domestic and commercial purposes, and nearly 30 percent was used by industry. Analyses of water from these systems show good quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Handman, E.H., Haeni, F.P., and Thomas, M.P., 1986, Water resources inventory of Connecticut Part 9: Farmington River basin: Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin 29, Report: viii, 91 p.; 4 Plates: 38.67 x 42.36 inches and smaller.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 91 p.; 4 Plates: 38.67 x 42.36 inches and smaller","numberOfPages":"101","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286022,"rank":6,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70038342.jpg"},{"id":311385,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70038342/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":286018,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70038342/plate-a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":286021,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70038342/plate-d.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":286019,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70038342/plate-b.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":286020,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70038342/plate-c.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"48000","country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Farmington River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.30215454101562,\n 41.53839396783225\n ],\n [\n -73.30215454101562,\n 42.04317376494972\n ],\n [\n -72.68280029296875,\n 42.04317376494972\n ],\n [\n -72.68280029296875,\n 41.53839396783225\n ],\n [\n -73.30215454101562,\n 41.53839396783225\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcb7fe4b08c986b32d69f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handman, Elinor H.","contributorId":31748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handman","given":"Elinor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeni, F. Peter","contributorId":41479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Mendall P.","contributorId":104314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Mendall","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5230235,"text":"5230235 - 1986 - Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T14:59:21","indexId":"5230235","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"163","title":"Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality","docAbstract":"Forested wetlands occupying floodplains of major rivers in the Southeast are highly productive and diverse ecological systems. The wetlands are produced and maintained by fluvial processes and unique hydrologic regimes consisting of periodic flooding and subsequent drydown. Fluctuations in soil chemistry and biology resulting from this flooding and drydown provide a broad range of environmental conditions that are important in determining the role of forested wetlands in maintaining and improving water quality. The periodic shift between aerobic and anaerobic conditions in floodplain soils in response to flooding facilitates the assimilation of nutrients and organic matter, hastens the degradation of persistent pesticides, and decreases the bioavailability of heavy metals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Winger, P.V., 1986, Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality: Resource Publication 163, ii, 16 p.","productDescription":"ii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290105,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5230248/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winger, Parley V.","contributorId":27983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winger","given":"Parley","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":512649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015540,"text":"70015540 - 1986 - On the nature of persistence in dendrochronologic records with implications for hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T16:49:17.845575","indexId":"70015540","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the nature of persistence in dendrochronologic records with implications for hydrology","docAbstract":"Hydrologic processes are generally held to be persistent and not secularly independent. Impetus for this view was given by Hurst in his work which dealt with properties of the rescaled range of many types of long geophysical records, in particular dendrochronologic records, in addition to hydrologic records. Mandelbrot introduced an infinite memory stationary process, the fractional Gaussian noise process (F), as an explanation for Hurst's observations. This is in contrast to other explanations which have been predicated on the implicit non-stationarity of the process underlying the construction of the records. In this work, we introduce a stationary finite memory process which arises naturally from a physical concept and show that it can accommodate the persistence structures observed for dendrochronological records more successfully than an F or any other of a family of related processes examined herein. Further, some question arises as to the empirical plausibility of an F process. Dendrochronologic records are used because they are widely held to be surrogates for records of average hydrologic phenomena and the length of these records allows one to explore questions of stochastic process structure which cannot be explored with great validity in the case of generally much shorter hydrologic records.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90167-8","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Landwehr, J., and Matalas, N., 1986, On the nature of persistence in dendrochronologic records with implications for hydrology: Journal of Hydrology, v. 86, no. 3-4, p. 239-277, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90167-8.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"277","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224044,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6ddfe4b0c8380cd75386","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landwehr, J.M.","contributorId":39815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landwehr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matalas, N.C.","contributorId":25173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matalas","given":"N.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015107,"text":"70015107 - 1986 - Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T17:01:22.199135","indexId":"70015107","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California","docAbstract":"The chemical and isotopic composition of rainfall and stream water was monitored during a storm in the Mattole River basin of northwestern California. About 250 mm of rain fell during 6 days (∼80% within a 42 h period) in late January, 1972, following 24 days of little or no precipitation. River discharge near Petrolia increased from 22 m3 s−1 to a maximum of 1300 m3 s−1 while chloride and silica concentrations decreased only from 3.2 to 2.1 and 11.5 to 8.6 mgl−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the isotopic composition of the river changed from δD = -42%, δ18O = -6.8% and 40 tritium units (T.U.) to extreme values at highest flow of δD = -35%, δ18O = -5.9% and 25 T.U. in response to volume-weighted rainfall averaging δD = -19.5%, δ18O = -3.1% and 18 T.U.
Despite much rainfall of a composition quite different from that of the prestorm river water, “buffering” processes in the watershed greatly restricted changes in the chemical and isotopic content of the river during storm runoff. Because of the physical and hydrologic characteristics of the watershed, major contributions of groundwater to stormflow are very unlikely. The large increase in dissolved chemical load observed at maximum river discharge required that extensive interaction with, and presumably penetration of, soils occurred within a few hours time. Such a large increase in chemical load also required subsurface stormflow throughout a high proportion of the watershed. Chemical and isotopic stabilization of stormflow is believed to be due mainly to displacement of prestorm soil water, with some effects on river chemistry due to rapid rain-soil interactions.
The isotopic and chemical composition of prestorm soil moisture cannot readily be predicted a priori because of possible variability in rainfall composition, evaporation, and exchange with atmospheric moisture, nor can it be assumed that baseflow has a predictable relation to the chemical or isotopic composition of water displaced from soils during storms. Therefore, it seems inappropriate to draw conclusions as to the relative proportions of groundwater and rainfall in runoff from a particular storm based only on the average compositions of rainfall, stormflow, and prestorm river water, as has been done in most previous isotope hydrograph studies.
Given the great variation in hydrology, topography, soil characteristics, rainfall intensity and quantity, etc. from place to place, the relative amount of overland flow, subsurface flow from the unsaturated zone and of groundwater in stormflow can vary greatly in time and space.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90047-8","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, V.C., Kendall, C., Zellweger, G.W., Wyerman, T., and Avanzino, R., 1986, Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California: Journal of Hydrology, v. 84, no. 1-2, p. 107-140, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90047-8.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"140","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mattole River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.66076901810318,\n 41.24769075904615\n ],\n [\n -124.66076901810318,\n 40.29144847221866\n ],\n [\n -123.49102920002188,\n 40.29144847221866\n ],\n [\n -123.49102920002188,\n 41.24769075904615\n ],\n [\n -124.66076901810318,\n 41.24769075904615\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffd4e4b0c8380cd4f3ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, V. C.","contributorId":46080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, C. 0000-0002-0247-3405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":35050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zellweger, G. W.","contributorId":55445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wyerman, T.A.","contributorId":96704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wyerman","given":"T.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avanzino, R.J.","contributorId":37336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70015667,"text":"70015667 - 1986 - Groundwater model of the Blue River basin, Nebraska-Twenty years later","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T16:25:32.00409","indexId":"70015667","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater model of the Blue River basin, Nebraska-Twenty years later","docAbstract":"Groundwater flow models have become almost a routine tool of the practicing hydrologist. Yet, surprisingly little attention has been given to true verification analysis of studies using these models. This paper examines predictions for 1982 of water-level declines and streamflow depletions that were made in 1965 using an electric analog groundwater model of the Blue River basin in southeastern Nebraska. Analysis of the model's predictions suggests that the analog model used too low an estimate of net groundwater withdrawals, yet overestimated water-level declines. The model predicted that almost all of the net groundwater pumpage would come from storage in the Pleistocene aquifer within the Blue River basin. It appears likely that the model underestimated the contributions of other sources of water to the pumpage, and that the aquifer storage coefficients used in the model were too low. There is some evidence that groundwater pumpage has had a greater than predicted effect on streamflow. Considerable uncertainty about the basic conceptualization of the hydrology of the Blue River basin greatly limits the reliability of groundwater models developed for the basin. The paper concludes with general perspectives on groundwater modeling gained from this post-audit analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90058-2","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Alley, W., and Emery, P.A., 1986, Groundwater model of the Blue River basin, Nebraska-Twenty years later: Journal of Hydrology, v. 85, no. 3-4, p. 225-249, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90058-2.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"249","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224384,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Blue River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.95009987605386,\n 41.428729545197314\n ],\n [\n -98.95009987605386,\n 40.049780894036104\n ],\n [\n -97.22563000651064,\n 40.049780894036104\n ],\n [\n -97.22563000651064,\n 41.428729545197314\n ],\n [\n -98.95009987605386,\n 41.428729545197314\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2daae4b0c8380cd5bf94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alley, W.M.","contributorId":6853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emery, P. A.","contributorId":49392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015650,"text":"70015650 - 1986 - A comparison of the coupled fresh water-salt water flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg sharp interface approaches to modeling of transient behavior in coastal aquifer systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T16:30:13.223878","indexId":"70015650","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of the coupled fresh water-salt water flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg sharp interface approaches to modeling of transient behavior in coastal aquifer systems","docAbstract":"A quasi-three dimensional finite difference model which simulates coupled, fresh water and salt water flow, separated by a sharp interface, is used to investigate the effects of storage characteristics, transmissivity, boundary conditions and anisotropy on the transient responses of such flow systems. The magnitude and duration of the departure of aquifer response from the behavior predicted using the Ghyben-Herzberg, one-fluid approach is a function of the ease with which flow can be induced in the salt water region. In many common hydrogeologic settings short-term fresh water head responses, and transitional responses between short-term and long-term, can only be realistically reproduced by including the effects of salt water flow on the dynamics of coastal flow systems. The coupled fresh water-salt water flow modeling approach is able to reproduce the observed annual fresh water head response of the Waialae aquifer of southeastern Oahu, Hawaii.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90012-0","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Essaid, H., 1986, A comparison of the coupled fresh water-salt water flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg sharp interface approaches to modeling of transient behavior in coastal aquifer systems: Journal of Hydrology, v. 86, no. 1-2, p. 169-193, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90012-0.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"193","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224165,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Oahu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.2928500311901,\n 21.77866910239088\n ],\n [\n -158.2928500311901,\n 21.230143945209946\n ],\n [\n -157.626889717843,\n 21.230143945209946\n ],\n [\n -157.626889717843,\n 21.77866910239088\n ],\n [\n -158.2928500311901,\n 21.77866910239088\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e377e4b0c8380cd46047","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Essaid, H.I.","contributorId":22342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015631,"text":"70015631 - 1986 - Groundwater flow into Lake Michigan from Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T16:08:31.924749","indexId":"70015631","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater flow into Lake Michigan from Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Detailed hydrogeological study has been done at six sites along the Lake Michigan shoreline in Wisconsin. At each site a flux of groundwater to the lake has been calculated for both natural conditions and the existing conditions created by pumping. The values from each site have then been extrapolated to the entire portion of the total shoreline having similar hydrogeology in order to calculate a total flow of groundwater to the lake. Sensitivity analysis with a digital model was used to define limits on the similarity of hydrogeologic conditions.
The net flow calculated is 580–880 m3 day−1 km−1 of shoreline, which falls within the previously published range of 110–8200 m3 day−1 km−1. Human activity may have reduced the natural flow as much as 15%. The estimated natural flow is between 7 and 11% of the surface water contribution to the lake from the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90126-5","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Cherkauer, D., and Hensel, B., 1986, Groundwater flow into Lake Michigan from Wisconsin: Journal of Hydrology, v. 84, no. 3-4, p. 261-271, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90126-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"271","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223832,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.29697155974961,\n 45.254760089058976\n ],\n [\n -87.89261675173874,\n 45.254760089058976\n ],\n [\n -87.89261675173874,\n 42.57857557165951\n ],\n [\n -87.29697155974961,\n 42.57857557165951\n ],\n [\n -87.29697155974961,\n 45.254760089058976\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2da2e4b0c8380cd5bf6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cherkauer, D.S.","contributorId":62756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkauer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hensel, B.R.","contributorId":83669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensel","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015068,"text":"70015068 - 1986 - Use of the chloride ion in determining hydrologic-basin water budgets - A 3-year case study in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T16:16:38.103513","indexId":"70015068","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of the chloride ion in determining hydrologic-basin water budgets - A 3-year case study in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Measurement of chloride concentration and water equivalent in precipitation and recharge at a site can be extrapolated to determine available moisture in a nearby basin. This method also may be extrapolated to a basin with similar climatic characteristics if precipitation, vegetation, and topographic data are available. The average accuracy of the total of evaporation, recharge, and runoff (assuming no storage) was about 10% of total precipitation. Soil-moisture measurements indicate the entire 10% error in moisture balance can be attributed to annual changes in storage. Data requirements for the method are considerably less than data requirements for energy-budget methods to determine available moisture.
Potential applications of the method to hydrologic problem-solving are:
1. (1) Estimating total available moisture from chloride concentrations in groundwater or surface water or both.
2. (2) Modeling paleoclimate scenarios and evaluating their correctness by comparison with paleo-groundwater chloride concentrations.
3. (3) Providing an independent comparison for water budgets obtained by energy-budget methods. Obviously the method cannot be applied readily to systems with a lithologic source of chloride. Most systems primarily consisting of tuff, intrusive volcanic rock, nonmarine sediments, quartzite, and other metamorphic rocks will be suitable for application of the model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90076-4","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Claassen, H., Reddy, M., and Halm, D., 1986, Use of the chloride ion in determining hydrologic-basin water budgets - A 3-year case study in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S.A.: Journal of Hydrology, v. 85, no. 1-2, p. 49-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90076-4.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"71","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224288,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.26236941271583,\n 37.973786790349635\n ],\n [\n -108.26236941271583,\n 37.32252264711801\n ],\n [\n -106.96577592186041,\n 37.32252264711801\n ],\n [\n -106.96577592186041,\n 37.973786790349635\n ],\n [\n -108.26236941271583,\n 37.973786790349635\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf9de4b08c986b329c71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Claassen, H.C.","contributorId":74028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claassen","given":"H.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reddy, M.M.","contributorId":24363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halm, D.R.","contributorId":54352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halm","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015687,"text":"70015687 - 1986 - River meanders and channel size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T15:13:08.595739","indexId":"70015687","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River meanders and channel size","docAbstract":"This study uses an enlarged data set to (1) compare measured meander geometry to that predicted by the Langbein and Leopold (1966) theory, (2) examine the frequency distribution of the ratio radius of curvature/channel width, and (3) derive 40 empirical equations (31 of which are original) involving meander and channel size features. The data set, part of which comes from publications by other authors, consists of 194 sites from a large variety of physiographic environments in various countries. The Langbein-Leopold sine-generated-curve theory for predicting radius of curvature agrees very well with the field data (78 sites). The ratio radius of curvature/channel width has a modal value in the range of 2 to 3, in accordance with earlier work; about one third of the 79 values is less than 2.0. The 40 empirical relations, most of which include only two variables, involve channel cross-section dimensions (bankfull area, width, and mean depth) and meander features (wavelength, bend length, radius of curvature, and belt width). These relations have very high correlation coefficients, most being in the range of 0.95-0.99. Although channel width traditionally has served as a scale indicator, bankfull cross-sectional area and mean depth also can be used for this purpose.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90202-7","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Williams, G.P., 1986, River meanders and channel size: Journal of Hydrology, v. 88, no. 1-2, p. 147-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90202-7.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"164","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223999,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aadb1e4b0c8380cd86f5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, G. P.","contributorId":97472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015693,"text":"70015693 - 1986 - Limnological characteristics of selected lakes in the Nebraska sandhills, U.S.A., and their relation to chemical characteristics of adjacent ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T16:44:57.77595","indexId":"70015693","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limnological characteristics of selected lakes in the Nebraska sandhills, U.S.A., and their relation to chemical characteristics of adjacent ground water","docAbstract":"Limnological characteristics of Crane, Hackberry, Island and Roundup Lakes, and chemical characteristics of shallow ground water, within the Crescent Lake National Wildlife Refuge, western Nebraska, were determined during a preliminary investigation of the interaction between lakes and ground water in this study area between 1980 and 1984. When ice cover was absent, the lakes were well-mixed vertically, regardless of season. Depth to which 1% of surface illumination penetrated was commonly less than 1m. Variability in light penetration, as measured by Secchidisk transparency, appeared to be unrelated to changes in algal biomass, even though algal biomass, measured as chlorophyll a, varied seasonally within a two-order-of-magnitude range. Blue-green algae were the most abundant phytoplankton; this condition occurred most often when the ratio of total nitrogen to total phosphorus in the lakes' water was less than 29. Although rotifers and copepod naupli commonly were the most abundant zooplankton in the lakes, cladocerans were dominant occasionally.
Either sodium or calcium was the most abundant cation, and bicarbonate was the most abundant anion, in water from water-table wells and lakes sampled during the study. The second most abundant cation in the ground water was related to the location of the sampled well within the ground-water system. The lakes were a source of dissolved organic carbon seeping to ground water. Chemical and hydrologic data indicate there is interaction between lakes and ground water in the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(86)90168-X","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"La Baugh, J., 1986, Limnological characteristics of selected lakes in the Nebraska sandhills, U.S.A., and their relation to chemical characteristics of adjacent ground water: Journal of Hydrology, v. 86, no. 3-4, p. 279-298, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(86)90168-X.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"298","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Crescent Lake National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.61257459658773,\n 41.85817501335205\n ],\n [\n -102.61257459658773,\n 41.644374217183724\n ],\n [\n -102.14500338642002,\n 41.644374217183724\n ],\n [\n -102.14500338642002,\n 41.85817501335205\n ],\n [\n -102.61257459658773,\n 41.85817501335205\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a479de4b0c8380cd678f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"La Baugh, J.W.","contributorId":46226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Baugh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}