A moving boundary problem which arises during transport with precipitation-dissolution reactions is solved by three different numerical methods. Two of these methods (one explicit and one implicit) are based on an integral formulation of mass balance and lead to an approximation of a weak solution. These methods are compared to a front-tracking scheme. Although the two approaches are conceptually different, the numerical solutions showed good agreement. As the ratio of dispersion to convection decreases, the methods based on the integral formulation become computationally more efficient. Specific reactions were modeled to examine the dependence of the system on the physical and chemical parameters. Although the water flow rate does not explicitly appear in the equation for the velocity of the moving boundary, the speed of the boundary depends more on the flux rate than on the dispersion coefficient. The discontinuity in the gradient of the solute concentration profile at the boundary increases with convection and with the initial concentration of the mineral. Our implicit method is extended to allow participation of the solutes in complexation reactions as well as the precipitation-dissolution reaction. This extension is easily made and does not change the basic method.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR023i008p01561","usgsCitation":"Willis, C., and Rubin, J., 1987, Transport of reacting solutes subject to a moving dissolution boundary: Numerical methods and solutions: Water Resources Research, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1561-1574, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i008p01561.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1561","endPage":"1574","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba391e4b08c986b31fd6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willis, Catherine","contributorId":42489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willis","given":"Catherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Jacob","contributorId":23918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015268,"text":"70015268 - 1987 - Unsaturated flow in a centrifugal field: Measurement of hydraulic conductivity and testing of Darcy's Law","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T10:33:21","indexId":"70015268","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unsaturated flow in a centrifugal field: Measurement of hydraulic conductivity and testing of Darcy's Law","docAbstract":"A method has been developed to establish steady state flow of water in an unsaturated soil sample spinning in a centrifuge. Theoretical analysis predicts moisture conditions in the sample that depend strongly on soil type and certain operating parameters. For Oakley sand, measurements of flux, water content, and matric potential during and after centrifugation verify that steady state flow can be achieved. Experiments have confirmed the theoretical prediction of a nearly uniform moisture distribution for this medium and have demonstrated that the flow can be effectively one-dimensional. The method was used for steady state measurements of hydraulic conductivity K for relatively dry soil, giving values as low as 7.6 × 10−11 m/s with data obtained in a few hours. Darcy's law was tested by measuring K for different centrifugal driving forces but with the same water content. For the sand at a bulk density of 1.82 Mg/m3 and 27% saturation, results were consistent with Darcy's law for K equal to 5.22 × 10−10 m/s and forces ranging from 216 to 1650 times normal gravity.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR023i001p00124","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., Rubin, J., and Hammermeister, D., 1987, Unsaturated flow in a centrifugal field: Measurement of hydraulic conductivity and testing of Darcy's Law: Water Resources Research, v. 23, no. 1, p. 124-134, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i001p00124.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"134","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb3fe4b08c986b3285ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, J.","contributorId":26433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammermeister, D.P.","contributorId":27066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammermeister","given":"D.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015266,"text":"70015266 - 1987 - An oxygen isotope model for interpreting carbonate diagenesis in nonmarine rocks (Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-17T00:43:21.564384","indexId":"70015266","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An oxygen isotope model for interpreting carbonate diagenesis in nonmarine rocks (Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA)","docAbstract":"A closed-system model is used for predicting the δ18O of formation waters in the deep portions of the northern Green River basin, Wyoming. δ18Ocalcite is calculated from this modeled water and compared with the δ18O of measured calcites to help interpret diagenesis in the basin.
The modification of 18Owater, which may be caused by diagenetic reactions at elevated temperatures, is modeled from two mass-balance equations. Three diagenetic reactions used to modify δ18Owater include: detrital limestoneå calcite cement; detrital quartz→ quartz cement; and detrital clay å authigenic illite/smectite. A weighted average δ18Owater and δ18O of calcite, quartz and illite/smectite in equilibrium with this water are calculated at 500-m increments. For a closed-system model, calculated variables at one depth are used for input variables at the next depth. An open system can be crudely simulated by adjusting the input variables at each depth.
Petrographic and hydrologic data suggest that throughout much of the basin an open hydrochemical system overlies a relatively closed system which is below 3000 m. From the surface to 3000 m deep, δ18Ocalcite measured in sandstone cements deviates from calculated 18Ocalcite for the closed-system model. Below 3000 m, δ18Ocalcite of cement and bulk shale converge from opposite directions with increasing depth toward the calculated δ18Ocalcite. Adjusting the calculated δ18Ocalcite to match the measured δ18Ocalcite indicates that the deviation above 3000 m results from mixing of meteoric waters with 18O-rich formation water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0168-9622(87)90067-4","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, W.W., 1987, An oxygen isotope model for interpreting carbonate diagenesis in nonmarine rocks (Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA): Chemical Geology, v. 65, no. 2, p. 103-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9622(87)90067-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223811,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaafe4b0c8380cd489f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, W. W.","contributorId":97123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014723,"text":"70014723 - 1987 - Creosote compounds in snails obtained from Pensacola Bay, Florida, near an onshore hazardous-waste site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T09:36:15","indexId":"70014723","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Creosote compounds in snails obtained from Pensacola Bay, Florida, near an onshore hazardous-waste site","docAbstract":"Snails, Thais haemostoma, were collected from two areas offshore in Pensacola Bay, Florida, near an onshore hazardous-waste site. Tissue from the snails was extracted to isolate the lipophilic compounds and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Along with naturally occurring compounds, the snail tissue contained large concentrations of polycyclic aromatic compounds, such as phenanthrene, acridine, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, and benzo[a]pyrene. Many of these compounds were characteristic of creosote contamination associated with the onshore hazardous-waste site.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0045-6535(87)90298-0","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C.E., and Pereira, W.E., 1987, Creosote compounds in snails obtained from Pensacola Bay, Florida, near an onshore hazardous-waste site: Chemosphere, v. 16, no. 10-12, p. 2397-2404, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(87)90298-0.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2397","endPage":"2404","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Pensacola Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -85.26489257812499,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -85.26489257812499,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 29.6880527498568\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"10-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fca2e4b0c8380cd4e363","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015223,"text":"70015223 - 1987 - Lake-level variation in the Lahontan basin for the past 50,000 years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T07:17:36","indexId":"70015223","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake-level variation in the Lahontan basin for the past 50,000 years","docAbstract":"Selected radiocarbon data on surficial materials from the Lahontan basin, Nevada and California, provide a chronology of lake-level variation for the past 50,000 yr. A moderate-sized lake connected three western Lahontan subbasins (the Smoke Creek-Black Rock Desert subbasin, the Pyramid Lake subbasin, and the Winnemucca Dry Lake subbasin) from about 45,000 to 16,500 yr B.P. Between 50,000 and 45,000 yr B.P., Walker Lake rose to its sill level in Adrian Valley and spilled to the Carson Desert subbasin. By 20,000 yr B.P., lake level in the western Lahontan subbasins had risen to about 1265 m above sea level, where it remained for 3500 yr. By 16,000 yr B.P., lake level in the western Lahontan subbasins had fallen to 1240 m. This recession appears synchronous with a desiccation of Walker Lake; however, whether the Walker Lake desiccation resulted from climate change or from diversion of the Walker River is not known. From about 15,000 to 13,500 yr B.P., lake level rapidly rose, so that Lake Lahontan was a single body of water by 14,000 yr B.P. The lake appears to have reached a maximum highstand altitude of 1330 m by 13,500 yr B.P., a condition that persisted until about 12,500 yr B.P., at which time lake level fell ???100 m. No data exist that indicate the level of lakes in the various subbasins between 12,000 and 10,000 yr B.P. During the Holocene, the Lahontan basin was the site of shallow lakes, with many subbasins being the site of one or more periods of desiccation. The shape of the lake-level curve for the three western subbasins indicates that past changes in the hydrologic balance (and hence climate) of the Lahontan basin were large in magnitude and took place in a rapid step-like manner. The rapid changes in lake level are hypothesized to have resulted from changes in the mean position of the jet stream, as it was forced north or south by the changing size and shape of the continental ice sheet. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(87)90034-2","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., and Thompson, R., 1987, Lake-level variation in the Lahontan basin for the past 50,000 years: Quaternary Research, v. 28, no. 1, p. 69-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90034-2.","startPage":"69","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266532,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90034-2"},{"id":223974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4173e4b0c8380cd65537","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L. V.","contributorId":50159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, R.S.","contributorId":106516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015216,"text":"70015216 - 1987 - The relation of stream sediment surface area, grain size and composition to trace element chemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T11:45:02.402199","indexId":"70015216","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relation of stream sediment surface area, grain size and composition to trace element chemistry","docAbstract":"Intensive studies of 17 geographically and hydrologically diverse stream bed sediments provide information on the relation between grain size, surface area, and operationally defined geochemical phases (e.g. Mn oxides, amorphous Fe oxides) to trace element concentrations. Of the size fractions investigated (<2, <16, <63and<125 μm), the strongest correlation with trace elements occurs with the percent <63 μm or<125 μm fractions. As the proportion of these size fractions increases in the samples, so do the trace element concentrations. When surface area (as defined by nitrogen adsorption and the BET equations) increases, trace element levels also increase. Correlations between bulk sediment chemistry and surface area are as strong as those between sediment chemistry and the proportion of the <63or<125 μm fractions. Surface area appears to serve as a proxy for grain size. The strongest correlations between grain size and surface area are the same as for trace elements and grain size (with the <63or<125 μm fractions). Surface area also is affected by geochemical phase, as are the trace elements associated with sediments. Of the phases considered (carbonates, Mn oxides, reactive Fe, amorphous Fe, organic matter), amorphous Fe oxides appear to exert the greatest control over both surface area and trace element levels. The concentrations of various geochemical phases affect surface area, grain size, and trace element chemistry. However, the effect of phase is grain-size dependent. For material with mean grain sizes in the fine sand range and coarser (> 125 μm), each of the various phases contribute to overall sample surface area. For material having mean grain sizes in the very fine sand range and finer (<125 μm), the same phases act as surface-area inhibitors by cementing fine grains together to form aggregates. This increases the mean grain size of the sample and reduces the surface area. The presence of these aggregates may explain why the <63 μm or<125 μm size fractions are more important to sediment-trace element levels and surface area than other finer fractions.
Comparison of handbook vapor pressures for seven ketones with more recent literature data showed large differences for four of the ketones. Gas-film coefficients for the volatilization of these ketones from water determined by two different methods were in reasonable agreement.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0045-6535(87)90110-X","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Rathbun, R.E., and Tai, D.Y., 1987, Vapor pressures and gas-film coefficients for ketones: Chemosphere, v. 16, no. 1, p. 69-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(87)90110-X.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc11de4b08c986b32a455","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathbun, R. E.","contributorId":61796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tai, D. Y.","contributorId":59778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tai","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014248,"text":"70014248 - 1987 - HYDROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COASTAL LAGOONS AT HUGH TAYLOR BIRCH STATE RECREATION AREA, FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:30","indexId":"70014248","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"HYDROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COASTAL LAGOONS AT HUGH TAYLOR BIRCH STATE RECREATION AREA, FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE.","docAbstract":"The author presents initial results of an ongoing study of Southeast Florida coastal lagoon lakes. Objectives include presenting environmental conditions within and adjacent to the lagoons under a variety of hydrologic conditions and to determine water-quality changes in ground water and surface water and how these changes in water quality affect lagoonal biological communities within the lagoons.","largerWorkTitle":"Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)","conferenceTitle":"Oceans 87 - Proceedings: The Ocean, An International Workplace.","conferenceLocation":"Halifax, NS, Can","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","issn":"01977385","usgsCitation":"Brock, R.J., 1987, HYDROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COASTAL LAGOONS AT HUGH TAYLOR BIRCH STATE RECREATION AREA, FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE., in Oceans Conference Record (IEEE), Halifax, NS, Can, p. 1586-1590.","startPage":"1586","endPage":"1590","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e8be4b0c8380cd5c63e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brock, Robert J.","contributorId":82858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015207,"text":"70015207 - 1987 - Reduction of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria: Experiments with cell suspensions and estuarine sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T17:12:08.140928","indexId":"70015207","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduction of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria: Experiments with cell suspensions and estuarine sediments","docAbstract":"Washed cell suspensions of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans subsp. aestuarii were capable of reducing nanomolar levels of selenate to selenide as well as sulfate to sulfide. Reduction of these species was inhibited by 1 mM selenate or tungstate. The addition of 1 mM sulfate decreased the reduction of selenate and enhanced the reduction of sulfate. Increasing concentrations of sulfate inhibited rates of selenate reduction but enhanced sulfate reduction rates. Cell suspensions kept in 1 mM selenate were incapable of reducing either selenate or sulfate when the selenate/sulfate ratio was ≥0.02, indicating that irreversible inhibition occurs at high selenate concentrations. Anoxic estuarine sediments having an active flora of sulfate-respiring bacteria were capable of a small amount of selenate reduction when ambient sulfate concentrations were low (<4 mM). These results indicate that sulfate is an inhibitor of the reduction of trace quantities of selenate. Therefore, direct reduction of traces of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria in natural environments is constrained by the ambient concentration of sulfate ions. The significance of this observation with regard to the role sediments play in sequestering selenium is discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.53.6.1365-1369.1987","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Zehr, J., and Oremland, R.S., 1987, Reduction of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria: Experiments with cell suspensions and estuarine sediments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 53, no. 6, p. 1365-1369, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.6.1365-1369.1987.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1365","endPage":"1369","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489718,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.6.1365-1369.1987","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":223753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3e5e4b0e8fec6cdba08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zehr, J.P.","contributorId":106645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zehr","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014130,"text":"70014130 - 1987 - Chemical reactions simulated by ground-water-quality models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T09:43:07","indexId":"70014130","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3718,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-1370","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical reactions simulated by ground-water-quality models","docAbstract":"Recent literature concerning the modeling of chemical reactions during transport in ground water is examined with emphasis on sorption reactions. The theory of transport and reactions in porous media has been well documented. Numerous equations have been developed from this theory, to provide both continuous and sequential or multistep models, with the water phase considered for both mobile and immobile phases. Chemical reactions can be either equilibrium or non-equilibrium, and can be quantified in linear or non-linear mathematical forms. Non-equilibrium reactions can be separated into kinetic and diffusional rate-limiting mechanisms. Solutions to the equations are available by either analytical expressions or numerical techniques. Saturated and unsaturated batch, column, and field studies are discussed with one-dimensional, laboratory-column experiments predominating. A summary table is presented that references the various kinds of models studied and their applications in predicting chemical concentrations in ground waters.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1987.tb00835.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Grove, D.B., and Stollenwerk, K.G., 1987, Chemical reactions simulated by ground-water-quality models: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 23, no. 4, p. 601-615, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1987.tb00835.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"615","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2cde4b0c8380cd4b3aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grove, David B.","contributorId":74750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":367664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014769,"text":"70014769 - 1987 - Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-05T19:49:26","indexId":"70014769","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide","docAbstract":"Nonvolatile, organic solutes that comprise the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in saline waters were isolated by removal of the water by distillation from a N,N-dimethylformamideformic acid-acetonitrile mixture. Salts isolated with the DOC were removed by crystallization of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate from the solvent mixture, removal of silicic acid by acidification and precipitation, removal of boric acid by methylation and volatilization, and removal of phosphate by zinc acetate precipitation. Chemical alteration of the organic solutes was minimized during evaporative concentration steps by careful control of acid concentrations in the solvent mixture and was minimized during drying by conversion of the samples to pyridinium and sodium salts. Recoveries of various hydrophilic organic standards from aqueous salt solutions and recoveries of natural organic solutes from various water samples varied from 60 to 100%. Losses of organic solutes during the isolation procedure were nonselective and related to the number of salt- and precipitate-washing cycles in the procedure.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac00136a013","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Leenheer, J., Brown, P., and Stiles, E., 1987, Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide: Analytical Chemistry, v. 59, no. 9, p. 1313-1319, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00136a013.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1313","endPage":"1319","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f53e4b0c8380cd64446","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, P.A.","contributorId":73245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stiles, E.A.","contributorId":42353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015193,"text":"70015193 - 1987 - Direct comparison of kinetic and local equilibrium formulations for solute transport affected by surface reactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T10:30:09","indexId":"70015193","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct comparison of kinetic and local equilibrium formulations for solute transport affected by surface reactions","docAbstract":"Modeling transport of reacting solutes in porous media often requires a choice between models based on the local equilibrium assumption (LEA) and models involving reaction kinetics. Direct comparison of the mathematical formulations for these two types of transport models can aid in this choice. For cases of transport affected by surface reaction, such a comparison is made possible by a new derivation procedure. This procedure yields a kinetics-based formulation that is the sum of the LEA formulation and one or more kinetically influenced terms. The dimensionless form of the new kinetics-based formulation facilitates identification of critical parameter groupings which control the approach to transport behavior consistent with LEA model predictions. Results of numerical experiments demonstrate that criteria for LEA applicability can be expressed conveniently in terms of these parameter groupings. The derivation procedure is demonstrated for examples of surface reactions including first-order reversible sorption, Langmuir-type kinetics and binary, homovalent ion exchange.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR023i003p00438","usgsCitation":"Bahr, J.M., and Rubin, J., 1987, Direct comparison of kinetic and local equilibrium formulations for solute transport affected by surface reactions: Water Resources Research, v. 23, no. 3, p. 438-452, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i003p00438.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"438","endPage":"452","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd4ae4b0c8380cd4e74b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bahr, Jean M.","contributorId":69716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Jacob","contributorId":23918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014138,"text":"70014138 - 1987 - Remote sensing investigations at a hazardous-waste landfill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:28","indexId":"70014138","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing investigations at a hazardous-waste landfill","docAbstract":"In 1976 state licensed landfilling of industrial chemicals was begun above an abandoned, underground coal mine in Illinois. Five years later organic chemical pollutants were discovered in a monitoring well, suggesting migration 100 to 1000 times faster than predicted by laboratory tests. Remote sensing contributed to the determination of the causes of faster-than-predicted pollutant migration at the hazardous-waste landfill. Aerial and satellite imagery were employed to supplement field studies of local surface and groundwater hydrology, and to chronicle site history. Drainage impediments and depressions in the trench covers collected runoff, allowing rapid recharge of surface waters to some burial trenches. These features can be more effectively identified by photointerpretation than by conventional field reconnaissance. A ground-based, post-sunset survey of the trench covers that showed that a distinction between depressions which hold moisture at the surface from freely-draining depressions which permit rapid recharge to the burial trenches could be made using thermal infrared imagery.In 1976 state licensed landfilling of industrial chemicals was begun above an abandoned, underground coal mine in Illinois. Five years later organic chemical pollutants were discovered in a monitoring well, suggesting migration 100 to 1000 times faster than predicted by laboratory tests. Remote sensing contributed to the determination of the causes of faster-than-predicted pollutant migration at the hazardous-waste landfill. Aerial and satellite imagery were employed to supplement field studies of local surface and groundwater hydrology, and to chronicle site history. Drainage impediments and depressions in the trench covers collected runoff, allowing rapid recharge of surface waters to some burial trenches.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Stohr, C., Su, W., DuMontelle, P., and Griffin, R.A., 1987, Remote sensing investigations at a hazardous-waste landfill: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 53, no. 11.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6fee4b0c8380cd85173","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohr, Christopher","contributorId":8623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohr","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Su, Wen-June","contributorId":42719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Su","given":"Wen-June","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DuMontelle, P.B.","contributorId":40348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuMontelle","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffin, R. A.","contributorId":46211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014790,"text":"70014790 - 1987 - Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T17:39:44.569157","indexId":"70014790","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer","docAbstract":"Growth rates of unattached bacteria in groundwater contaminated with treated sewage and collected at various distances from the source of contamination were estimated by using frequency of dividing cells and tritiated-thymidine uptake and compared with growth rates obtained with unsupplemented, closed-bottle incubations. Estimates of bacterial generation times [(In 2)/μ] along a 3-km-long transect in oxygen-depleted (0.1 to 0.7 mg of dissolved oxygen liter-1) groundwater ranged from 16 h at 0.26 km downgradient from an on-land, treated-sewage outfall to 139 h at 1.6 km and correlated with bacterial abundance (r2 = 0.88 at P < 0.001). Partitioning of assimilated thymidine into nucleic acid generally decreased with distance from the contaminant source, and one population in heavily contaminated groundwater assimilated little thymidine during a 20-h incubation. Several assumptions commonly made when frequency of dividing cells and tritiated-thymidine uptake are used were not applicable to the groundwater samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.53.12.2992-2996.1987","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R., and George, L., 1987, Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 53, no. 12, p. 2992-2996, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.12.2992-2996.1987.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2992","endPage":"2996","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489719,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.12.2992-2996.1987","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":225794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ],\n [\n -70.68070167450198,\n 41.6945136775133\n ],\n [\n -70.6779581505853,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -70.67247110275133,\n 41.57353305884914\n ],\n [\n -70.70813691366979,\n 41.52630961823749\n ],\n [\n -70.6450358635835,\n 41.505766928716014\n ],\n [\n -70.60388300483176,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.5325513829955,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.46121976115928,\n 41.546845787507465\n ],\n [\n -70.42555395024084,\n 41.579690094800526\n ],\n [\n -70.33776118490337,\n 41.61661998392671\n ],\n [\n -70.26642956306715,\n 41.59610598773847\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 41.63302648454291\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 41.65967814379741\n ],\n [\n -70.00030774313942,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -69.93171964521983,\n 41.64942881033289\n ],\n [\n -69.91251497780193,\n 41.77231315298667\n ],\n [\n -69.94818078872038,\n 41.92150558094457\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 42.0316431803505\n ],\n [\n -70.08535698455957,\n 42.07034999451639\n ],\n [\n -70.1950979412309,\n 42.10089134374752\n ],\n [\n -70.25819899131719,\n 42.08256829852266\n ],\n [\n -70.26094251523384,\n 42.05609233347204\n ],\n [\n -70.21430260864811,\n 42.013300141541976\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 42.04183147085118\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 42.00718461934795\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 41.90721454025004\n ],\n [\n -70.04146060189117,\n 41.79277103595206\n ],\n [\n -70.21155908473149,\n 41.764128172257415\n ],\n [\n -70.25545546739986,\n 41.73751977314524\n ],\n [\n -70.41183633065691,\n 41.75184874318762\n ],\n [\n -70.4749373807432,\n 41.784588666019545\n ],\n [\n -70.5572430982467,\n 41.78254291035651\n ],\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2df2e4b0c8380cd5c17a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, L.H.","contributorId":97256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014791,"text":"70014791 - 1987 - Determination of alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants in groundwater using macroreticular resins and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T10:21:20","indexId":"70014791","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants in groundwater using macroreticular resins and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry","docAbstract":"Alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants were determined in groundwater at concentrations as low as 0.3 mg/L. The method uses XAD-8 resin for concentration, followed by elution with methanol, separation of anionic and nonionic surfactants by anion exchange, quantitation by titration, and identification by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Laboratory standards and field samples containing straight-chain and branched-chain alkylbenzenesulfonates, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and alkylbenzene ethoxylates were studied. The XAD-8 extraction of surfactants from groundwater was completed in the field, which simplified sample preservation and reduced the cost of transporting samples.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/ac00141a013","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Thurman, E.M., Willoughby, T., Barber, L.B., and Thorn, K.A., 1987, Determination of alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants in groundwater using macroreticular resins and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry: Analytical Chemistry, v. 59, no. 14, p. 1798-1802, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00141a013.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1798","endPage":"1802","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff90e4b0c8380cd4f268","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurman, E. Michael","contributorId":9636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willoughby, T.","contributorId":58787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willoughby","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorn, Kevin A. 0000-0003-2236-5193 kathorn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-5193","contributorId":3288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"Kevin","email":"kathorn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014222,"text":"70014222 - 1987 - Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part I. Hydrologic, geomorphic, and geologic evidence for their development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-18T13:59:40.580603","indexId":"70014222","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part I. Hydrologic, geomorphic, and geologic evidence for their development","docAbstract":"Playa-lake basins of the Southern High Plains, Texas and New Mexico, may originate wherever water periodically can collect in a surficial depression. They expand, however, by hydrologic and geomorphic processes including (1) dissolution of lithologic carbonates by infiltrating water; (2) transport downward of fine-grained clastic and organic material by the infiltrating ground water, leading to continuing processes of oxidation and carbonate dissolution in the subsurface; and (3) eolian removal of clastic material from the floor of playa lakes, which at some sites appears to have deepened playa depressions.
Evidence for largely hydrologic processes of playa-basin development on the Southern High Plains includes (1) a geographic occurrence restricted to relatively flat areas of the High Plains surface that have poorly developed fluvial drainage and which are underlain by generally unsaturated clastic and calcrete beds; (2) a tendency to occur where water collects and infiltrates, as along ephemeral streams and lineations suggestive of fracture systems; and (3) hydrologic, geochemical, petrographic, and bore-hole data, which suggest that recharge to the High Plains aquifer is principally from playa lakes, that various geochemical changes including carbonate dissolution and enhancement of secondary porosity occur as water moves downward through the unsaturated zone beneath playa lakes, and that calcrete beds often are missing or significantly dissolved beneath playa floors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<215:PBOTSH>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Osterkamp, W., and Wood, W., 1987, Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part I. Hydrologic, geomorphic, and geologic evidence for their development: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, no. 2, p. 215-223, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<215:PBOTSH>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"223","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Southern High Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 30.92107637538488\n ],\n [\n -99.73388671874999,\n 30.92107637538488\n ],\n [\n -99.73388671874999,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 36.932330061503144\n ],\n [\n -105.84228515625,\n 30.92107637538488\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"99","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c37e4b0c8380cd7987c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osterkamp, Waite wroster@usgs.gov","contributorId":2515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"Waite","email":"wroster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015280,"text":"70015280 - 1987 - A review of light-scattering techniques for the study of colloids in natural waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-19T19:39:53.525835","indexId":"70015280","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of light-scattering techniques for the study of colloids in natural waters","docAbstract":"In order to understand the movement of colloidal materials in natural waters, we first need to have a means of quantifying their physical characteristics. This paper reviews three techniques which utilize light-scattering phenomena to measure the translational diffusion coefficient, the rotational diffusion coefficient, and the electrophoretic mobility of colloids suspended in water. Primary emphasis is to provide sufficient theoretical detail so that hydrologists can evaluate the utility of photon correlation spectrometry, electrophoretic light scattering, and electric birefringence analysis.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00165a012","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chlou, C., Kile, D.E., Brinton, T., Malcolm, R., Leenheer, J., and MacCarthy, P., 1987, A comparison of water solubility enhancements of organic solutes by aquatic humic materials and commercial humic acids: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 21, no. 12, p. 1231-1234, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00165a012.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1231","endPage":"1234","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e37ce4b0c8380cd4606f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chlou, C.T.","contributorId":9008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chlou","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kile, Daniel E. dekile@usgs.gov","contributorId":1286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kile","given":"Daniel","email":"dekile@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brinton, T.I.","contributorId":93922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinton","given":"T.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":46075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"MacCarthy, P.","contributorId":88081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacCarthy","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70015169,"text":"70015169 - 1987 - Processes and kinetics of Cd2+ sorption by a calcareous aquifer sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-05T19:41:42","indexId":"70015169","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes and kinetics of Cd2+ sorption by a calcareous aquifer sand","docAbstract":"The rate of Cd2+ sorption by a calcareous aquifer sand was characterized by two reaction steps, with the first step reaching completion in 24 hours. The second step proceeded at a slow and nearly constant rate for at least seven days. The first step includes a fast adsorption reaction which is followed by diffusive transport into either a disordered surface film of hydrated calcium carbonate or into pore spaces. After 24 hours the rate of Cd2+ sorption was constant and controlled by the rate of surface coprecipitation, as a solid solution of CdCO3 in CaCO3 formed in recrystallizing material. Desorption of Cd2+ from the sand was slow. Clean grains of primary minerals, e.g. quartz and aluminosilicates. sorbed much less Cd2+ than grains which had surface patches of secondary minerals, e.g. carbonates, iron and manganese oxides. Calcite grains sorbed the greatest amount of Cd2+ on a weight-normalized basis despite the greater abundance of quartz. A method is illustrated for determining empirical binding constants for trace metals at in situ pH values without introducing the experimental problem of supersaturation. The binding constants are useful for solute transport models which include a computation of aqueous speciation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(87)90331-0","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Fuller, C.C., and Davis, J., 1987, Processes and kinetics of Cd2+ sorption by a calcareous aquifer sand: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 51, no. 6, p. 1491-1502, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(87)90331-0.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1491","endPage":"1502","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8dade4b0c8380cd7ed70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015124,"text":"70015124 - 1987 - A model for trace metal sorption processes at the calcite surface: Adsorption of Cd2+ and subsequent solid solution formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-05T19:46:45","indexId":"70015124","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model for trace metal sorption processes at the calcite surface: Adsorption of Cd2+ and subsequent solid solution formation","docAbstract":"The rate of Cd2+ sorption by calcite was determined as a function of pH and Mg2+ in aqueous solutions saturated with respect to calcite but undersaturated with respect to CdCO3. The sorption is characterized by two reaction steps, with the first reaching completion within 24 hours. The second step proceeded at a slow and nearly constant rate for at least 7 days. The rate of calcite recrystallization was also studied, using a Ca2+ isotopic exchange technique. Both the recrystallization rate of calcite and the rate of slow Cd2+ sorption decrease with increasing pH or with increasing Mg2+. The recrystallization rate could be predicted from the number of moles of Ca present in the hydrated surface layer. A model is presented which is consistent with the rates of Cd2+ sorption and Ca2+ isotopic exchange. In the model, the first step in Cd2+ sorption involves a fast adsorption reaction that is followed by diffusion of Cd2+ into a surface layer of hydrated CaCO3 that overlies crystalline calcite. Desorption of Cd2+ from the hydrated layer is slow. The second step is solid solution formation in new crystalline material, which grows from the disordered mixture of Cd and Ca carbonate in the hydrated surface layer. Calculated distribution coefficients for solid solutions formed at the surface are slightly greater than the ratio of equilibrium constants for dissolution of calcite and CdCO3, which is the value that would be expected for an ideal solid solution in equilibrium with the aqueous solution. ?? 1987.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(87)90330-9","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., Fuller, C.C., and Cook, A., 1987, A model for trace metal sorption processes at the calcite surface: Adsorption of Cd2+ and subsequent solid solution formation: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 51, no. 6, p. 1477-1490, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(87)90330-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1477","endPage":"1490","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e47de4b0c8380cd46671","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, A.D.","contributorId":53530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014812,"text":"70014812 - 1987 - US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION OF NEAR REAL-TIME HYDROLOGICAL DATA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:32","indexId":"70014812","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION OF NEAR REAL-TIME HYDROLOGICAL DATA.","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey is utilizing a national network of more than 1000 satellite data-collection stations, four satellite-relay direct-readout ground stations, and more than 50 computers linked together in a private telecommunications network to acquire, process, and distribute hydrological data in near real-time. The four Survey offices operating a satellite direct-readout ground station provide near real-time hydrological data to computers located in other Survey offices through the Survey's Distributed Information System. The computerized distribution system permits automated data processing and distribution to be carried out in a timely manner under the control and operation of the Survey office responsible for the data-collection stations and for the dissemination of hydrological information to the water-data users.","largerWorkTitle":"IAHS Publication (International Association of Hydrological Sciences)","conferenceTitle":"Water for the Future: Hydrology in Perspective, Proceedings of the International Symposium. Convened Jointly by the International Association of Hydrological Sciences and the International Association for Hydraulic Research.","conferenceLocation":"Rome, Italy","language":"English","publisher":"Int Assoc of Hydrological Sciences Press","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, Engl","isbn":"094757106X","usgsCitation":"Shope, W.G., 1987, US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION OF NEAR REAL-TIME HYDROLOGICAL DATA., in IAHS Publication (International Association of Hydrological Sciences), no. 164, Rome, Italy, p. 501-510.","startPage":"501","endPage":"510","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"164","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb45e4b08c986b3285e1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Rodda J.C.Matalas N.C.","contributorId":128302,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Rodda J.C.Matalas N.C.","id":536294,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Shope, William G. Jr.","contributorId":106649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shope","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014284,"text":"70014284 - 1987 - Analysis of extraordinary flood events. U.S.-China bilateral symposium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:29","indexId":"70014284","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of extraordinary flood events. U.S.-China bilateral symposium","docAbstract":"The symposium took place in Nanjing on 15-19 October 1985 and this volume contains 29 of the 52 papers presented, most of the authors coming either from China or the USA. The articles are organized into three major topics: 1) detection of historical floods and evaluation of the uncertainties in their peak discharges and times of occurrence; 2) frequency analysis and design flood determination in the presence of extraordinary floods and historic floods; 3) use of storm data in determining design storms and design floods. -M.A.Bass","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Kirby, E., Shi-Qian, H., and Beard, L., 1987, Analysis of extraordinary flood events. U.S.-China bilateral symposium: Journal of Hydrology, v. 96, no. 1-4.","numberOfPages":"383","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb12e4b0c8380cd48bd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, E.W.H.","contributorId":71704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"E.W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi-Qian, Hua","contributorId":87702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi-Qian","given":"Hua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beard, L.R.","contributorId":31125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014888,"text":"70014888 - 1987 - Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:02:58","indexId":"70014888","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals","docAbstract":"Infiltration of wastes containing creosote and pentachlorophenol from surface impoundments at an abandoned wood-treatment facility near Pensacola, Florida, resulted in contamination of the underlying sand and gravel aquifer. Pond sludges and sediments near the source were contaminated with 2- to 5-ring azaarenes having log Kow values of from 2.0 to 5.6. However, the ground water contained only azaarenes and their oxygenated and methylated derivatives having log Kow values of less than 3.5. These compounds also were present in coal tar-contaminated ground water at a site near St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Laboratory anaerobic degradation studies and on-site observations indicated that oxygenated azaarenes probably were biotransformation products of reactions mediated by indigenous microbial populations. Microbial N-methylation, C-methylation and O-methylation reactions are reported here for the first time. In the presence of nutrients and carbon sources such as acetate and propionate, all azaarenes studied were either partially or completely degraded. Evidence for the microbial degradation of azaarenes in ground water from anaerobic zones is presented. Oxygenated azaarenes were relatively more water-soluble, mobile and persistent in hydrogeologic environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620060302","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Rostad, C., Updegraff, D., and Bennett, J., 1987, Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 6, no. 3, p. 163-176, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620060302.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Florida ","city":"St. Louis Park, Pensacola ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.230594564932193\n ],\n [\n -86.6162109375,\n 30.230594564932193\n ],\n [\n -86.6162109375,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.230594564932193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.40644836425781,\n 44.89747102561149\n ],\n [\n -93.29486846923827,\n 44.89747102561149\n ],\n [\n -93.29486846923827,\n 44.981799457076946\n ],\n [\n -93.40644836425781,\n 44.981799457076946\n ],\n [\n -93.40644836425781,\n 44.89747102561149\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1987-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f06e4b0c8380cd53714","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Updegraff, D.M.","contributorId":13251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Updegraff","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, J.L.","contributorId":101004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014263,"text":"70014263 - 1987 - Characterization of fracture permeability with high-resolution vertical flow measurements during borehole pumping.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T10:22:23","indexId":"70014263","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of fracture permeability with high-resolution vertical flow measurements during borehole pumping.","docAbstract":"The distribution of fracture permeability in granitic rocks was investigated by measuring the distribution of vertical flow in boreholes during periods of steady pumping. Pumping tests were conducted at two sites chosen to provide examples of moderately fractured rocks near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire and intensely fractured rocks near Oracle, Arizona. A sensitive heat-pulse flowmeter was used for accurate measurements of vertical flow as low as 0.2 liter per minute. Results indicate zones of fracture permeability in crystalline rocks are composed of irregular conduits that cannot be approximated by planar fractures of uniform aperture, and that the orientation of permeability zones may be unrelated to the orientation of individual fractures within those zones.-Authors","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02113.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., Hess, A., Cheng, C., and Hardin, E., 1987, Characterization of fracture permeability with high-resolution vertical flow measurements during borehole pumping.: Ground Water, v. 25, no. 1, p. 28-40, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02113.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4c8e4b0c8380cd4befa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, A.E.","contributorId":71979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, C.H.","contributorId":94443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardin, E.","contributorId":68045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardin","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}