Urban development over the Edwards aquifer in the Austin, Texas, area has caused concerns about the availability and quality of water in the aquifer. The study area, the Edwards aquifer that discharges to Barton Springs, includes parts of Travis and Hays Counties and extends from the city of Kyle to the Colorado River. A large part of the aquifer lies within the Austin metropolitan area one of the fastest growing areas in the Nation. As of 1985, only about 30,000 people used water from the aquifer, however, according to recent official city of Austin population projections, about 86,000 more people will be living in the study area by the year 2000, many of whom will depend upon the aquifer for water. Barton Springs, which discharges from the aquifer, serves as a supplemental source of drinking water for Austin and as a major recreational attraction.
\nThe aquifer is a karst system composed of limestone and dolomite of Cretaceous age. The water occurs in solution channels in the Edwards and Georgetown Limestones. Yields of adjacent wells often differ by as much as four orders of magnitude. Storage within the aquifer is about 306,000 acre-feet, of which about 31,000 acre-feet is within the \"transient\" part of storage the change in volume occurring between high flow and the lowest known flow of Barton Springs. The average specific yield of the aquifer is 0.017.
\nWithin the study area, the Edwards aquifer covers 155 square miles, of which about 151 square miles discharge to Barton Springs, and the remaining 4 square miles discharge to Cold and Deep Eddy Springs. The westernmost 79 percent of the aquifer is under water-table conditions, and the remaining 21 percent is under confined conditions. Three geologic sections are presented in the report, as well as maps showing the altitudes of the base and the top of the Edwards aquifer.
\nRecharge occurs predominantly along faults and fractures crossing six creeks in the recharge area, which covers the westernmost 90 square miles of the aquifer. Leakage probably occurs into the Edwards aquifer from the underlying upper Trinity aquifer. A small amount of subsurface recharge also occurs as \"bad-water\" encroachment during lovnflow periods. Monthly values for water levels, total surface-water recharge, and total discharge (springflow and pumpage) for the aquifer are available for 4 years. Water-budget analyses show that surface recharge and ground-water discharge (springflow and pumpage) are reasonably balanced, suggesting that the ground-water system is in dynamic equilibrium.
\nBased on 65 years of measurements, Barton Springs has a long-term mean discharge of 50 cubic feet per second and a minimum and maximum discharge of 10 and 166 cubic feet per second. As of 1982, the estimated total ground-water pumpage of about 3,800 acre-feet per year represented just over 10 percent of the average annual discharge of 36,000 acre-feet to Barton Springs. Increased pumpage associated with future ground-water development could reduce the discharge at Barton Springs and reduce ground-water availability. Substantial pumpage increases could cause increased subsurface flow into the aquifer in the form of \"bad-water\" encroachment, leakage from underlying aquifers, or both.
\nWater-quality data for 1979-83 are available for each creek that recharges the aquifer, from Barton Springs, and for 38 wells. Water quality from Barton Springs and the wells is better than the creeks providing surface recharge, which have fecal-bacteria values as high as 100,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. Significant densities of fecal bacteria have been found in water from Barton Springs. Significant concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, fecal-group bacteria, and fluoride have been identified in samples from wells. Fluoride originates in the aquifers that underlie the Edwards aquifer. Nitrate nitrogen and fecal-group bacteria originate in residential developments and cattle ranches located in the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri864036","usgsCitation":"Slade, R.M., Dorsey, M.E., and Stewart, S.L., 1986, Hydrology and water quality of the Edwards Aquifer associated with Barton Springs in the Austin area, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4036, vi, 117 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864036.","productDescription":"vi, 117 p.","numberOfPages":"123","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58554,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4036/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4036/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.74742126464844,\n 30.216948502671475\n ],\n [\n -97.877197265625,\n 29.981107684467244\n ],\n [\n -98.10035705566406,\n 30.073847754270204\n ],\n [\n -97.80921936035155,\n 30.305317637976145\n ],\n [\n -97.72270202636717,\n 30.253729211980726\n ],\n [\n -97.74742126464844,\n 30.216948502671475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db604c09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slade, Raymond M. Jr.","contributorId":46487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"Raymond","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorsey, Michael E.","contributorId":101739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Sheree L.","contributorId":173580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Sheree","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1409,"text":"wsp2278 - 1986 - Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River plain, Idaho","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19013,"text":"ofr84461 - 1984 - Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","indexId":"ofr84461","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1409,"text":"wsp2278 - 1986 - Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River plain, Idaho","indexId":"wsp2278","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River plain, Idaho"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:18","indexId":"wsp2278","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2278","title":"Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River plain, Idaho","docAbstract":"A nonlinear, least-squares regression technique for the estimation of ground-water flow model parameters was applied to the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho. The technique uses a computer program to simulate two-dimensional, steady-state ground-water flow. Hydrologic data for the 1980 water year were used to calculate recharge rates, boundary fluxes, and spring discharges. Ground-water use was estimated from irrigated land maps and crop consumptive-use figures. These estimates of ground-water withdrawal, recharge rates, and boundary flux, along with leakance, were used as known values in the model calibration of transmissivity. Leakance values were adjusted between regression solutions by comparing model-calculated to measured spring discharges. In other simulations, recharge and leakance also were calibrated as prior-information regression parameters, which limits the variation of these parameters using a normalized standard error of estimate. \r\n\r\nResults from a best-fit model indicate a wide areal range in transmissivity from about 0.05 to 44 feet squared per second and in leakance from about 2.2x10 -9 to 6.0 x 10 -8 feet per second per foot. Along with parameter values, model statistics also were calculated, including the coefficient of correlation between calculated and observed head (0.996), the standard error of the estimates for head (40 feet), and the parameter coefficients of variation (about 10-40 percent). Additional boundary flux was added in some areas during calibration to achieve proper fit to ground-water flow directions. Model fit improved significantly when areas that violated model assumptions were removed. It also improved slightly when y-direction (northwest-southeast) transmissivity values were larger than x-direction (northeast-southwest) transmissivity values. The model was most sensitive to changes in recharge, and in some areas, to changes in transmissivity, particularly near the spring discharge area from Milner Dam to King Hill.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nFor sale by the Distribution Branch, Text Products Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2278","usgsCitation":"Garabedian, S.P., 1986, Application of a parameter-estimation technique to modeling the regional aquifer underlying the eastern Snake River plain, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2278, iv, 60 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 4 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2278.","productDescription":"iv, 60 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 4 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2278/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26500,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2278/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26501,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2278/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26502,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2278/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26503,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2278/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26504,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2278/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67ab19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garabedian, Stephen P.","contributorId":91090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garabedian","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26570,"text":"wri854297 - 1986 - Manual for estimating selected streamflow characteristics of natural-flow streams in the Colorado River basin in Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:28","indexId":"wri854297","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4297","title":"Manual for estimating selected streamflow characteristics of natural-flow streams in the Colorado River basin in Utah","docAbstract":"Methods are presented for estimating 10 streamflow characteristics at three types of sites on natural flow streams in the Colorado River Basin in Utah. The streamflow characteristics include average discharge and annual maximum 1-, 7-, and 15-day mean discharges for recurrence intervals of 10, 50 and 100 years. At or near gaged sites, two methods weight gaging station data with regression equation values to estimate streamflow characteristics. At sites on ungaged streams, a method estimates streamflow characteristics using regression equations. The regression equations relate the streamflow characteristics to the following basin and climatic characteristics: contributing drainage area, mean basin elevation, mean annual precipitation, main channel slope, and forested area. Separate regression equations were developed for four hydrologically distinct regions in the study area. The standard error of estimate for the 10 streamflow characteristics ranges from 13% to 87%. Basin, climatic, and streamflow characteristics, available as of September 30, 1981, are presented for 135 gaging stations in Utah, Arizona, Colorado, and Wyoming. In addition, weighted estimates of the streamflow characteristics based on station data and the regression equation estimates are provided for most gaging stations. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854297","usgsCitation":"Christensen, R., Johnson, E., and Plantz, G., 1986, Manual for estimating selected streamflow characteristics of natural-flow streams in the Colorado River basin in Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4297, vi, 38 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854297.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4297/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55434,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4297/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55435,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4297/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, R.C.","contributorId":56670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, E.B.","contributorId":77953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"E.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plantz, G.G.","contributorId":79103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plantz","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11981,"text":"ofr86477 - 1986 - Climatic data for the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T15:53:29","indexId":"ofr86477","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-477","title":"Climatic data for the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota 1982","docAbstract":"Research on the hydrology of the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota, includes study of evaporation. Presented here are those climatic data needed for energy-budget and mass-transfer evaporation studies, including: water-surface temperature, sediment temperature dry-bulb and wet-bulb air temperatures, vapor pressure at and above the water surface, wind speed, and short- and long-wave radiation. Data were collected at raft and land stations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86477","usgsCitation":"Sturrock, A., Hanson, B., Scarborough, J., and Winter, T.C., 1986, Climatic data for the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-477, iii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86477.","productDescription":"iii, 24 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":143763,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0477/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39974,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0477/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49bee4b07f02db5d139b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sturrock, A.M.","contributorId":25947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturrock","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, B.A.","contributorId":40553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scarborough, J.L.","contributorId":94673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarborough","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":26825,"text":"wri844279 - 1986 - Geologic, hydrologic, and cultural factors in the selection of sites for the land disposal of wastes in Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:30","indexId":"wri844279","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4279","title":"Geologic, hydrologic, and cultural factors in the selection of sites for the land disposal of wastes in Washington","docAbstract":"As part of a program to deal with the problems of waste disposal in Washington, the Department of Ecology (WDOE), in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey, completed a study designed to provide the geologic, hydrologic, and cultural data needed to evaluate the suitability of State land areas for the disposal of wastes. Data portraying the distribution of factors that could affect the suitability of areas in Washington for waste disposal were presented in a series of 18 maps (overlays). The factors selected include major geologic units; natural hazards from earthquakes, faulting, and volcanoes; climate; locations of major surface-water and groundwater bodies; population density; and land and water uses. Within each factor (map) the data were grouped into class intervals and the intervals for most factors ranked according to their relative suitability/unsuitability for land disposal of wastes following criteria supplied by WDOE. Areas of the State considered completely unsuitable (as determined by WDOE personnel) for waste disposal because of current or proposed land uses were excluded from ranking. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844279","usgsCitation":"Dion, N.P., Alvord, R.C., and Olson, T., 1986, Geologic, hydrologic, and cultural factors in the selection of sites for the land disposal of wastes in Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4279, iii, 16 p. :maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844279.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p. :maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55706,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55707,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55708,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55709,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55710,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55711,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55712,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55713,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55714,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55715,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55716,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55717,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55718,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4279/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687ff8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dion, N. P.","contributorId":33302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dion","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alvord, R. C.","contributorId":65866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvord","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, T.D.","contributorId":78777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":13505,"text":"ofr86526 - 1986 - Hydrogeologic data for the Dakota aquifer system in Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:37","indexId":"ofr86526","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-526","title":"Hydrogeologic data for the Dakota aquifer system in Nebraska","docAbstract":"Data utilized in preparing an interpretive hydrogeologic report on the Dakota aquifer system in Nebraska are summarized. The study area is a 370,000 sq mi area that includes all of Kansas and Nebraska and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. The broad objective for each Regional Aquifer-System analysis (RASA) study is to assemble geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical information; to analyze and develop an understanding of the hydrogeologic system; and to develop predictive capabilities that will contribute to effective management of groundwater resources. The Central Midwest RASA project includes the study of the major regional aquifers that occur in the stratigraphic interval between the Precambrian surface and the top of the Great Plains aquifer system. The Dakota aquifer system in Nebraska, which is the equivalent of the Great Plains aquifer system, can best be defined as those sandstones and shales occurring in the stratigraphic interval between the base of the Cretaceous system and the top of the first major sandstone bed below the Cretaceous Greenhorn Limestone. This aquifer systems underlies approximately 94 percent of the State. Distribution of data sites is not uniform across the State. Although the aquifer systems underlies all or parts of 88 of Nebraska 's 93 counties, hydrogeologic data on the Dakota are available only for 83 counties. Individual data sites were selected on the basis of the completeness and representativeness of data for the site and to provide an adequate areal distribution of data needed to describe the hydrogeology of the aquifer system. Four tables are used to summarize hydrogeologic data. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86526","usgsCitation":"Ellis, M.J., 1986, Hydrogeologic data for the Dakota aquifer system in Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-526, iv, 100 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86526.","productDescription":"iv, 100 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0526/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41982,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0526/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628b5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, M. J.","contributorId":27840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":119,"text":"wsp2246 - 1986 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7250,"text":"ofr83208 - 1983 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","indexId":"ofr83208","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":119,"text":"wsp2246 - 1986 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","indexId":"wsp2246","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T16:50:44","indexId":"wsp2246","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2246","title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","docAbstract":"Data obtained during a hydrologic study of the Price River basin, Utah, are used to describe seasonal variations off low of springs, relation between ground water and surface water, hydraulic properties of the ground-water reservoir, ground-water recharge and discharge, flood characteristics of streams, mineralogic composition and depositional rates of sediments, nutrient and inorganic loading in streams and Scofield Reservoir, and water budgets for selected basins. Additional study and monitoring are needed to detect possible hydrologic changes caused by coal mining.
Much of the ground-water discharge from the Star Point Sandstone in the Mesaverde Group in the Wasatch Plateau occurs along faults. In the Book Cliffs, where faulting is less extensive, most of the ground-water discharge is from the Flagstaff Limestone. The Flagstaff Limestone is greatly diffusive, has a small storage coefficient, and contains water which is perched.
Springs issuing from the Star Point Sandstone in the Mud Creek drainage (Wasatch Plateau) had recession indexes greater than 365 days per log cycle. Springs issuing at higher altitudes from the Colton Formation and the Flagstaff Limestone in the Soldier Creek area (Book Cliffs) have great seasonal variability, with recession indexes ranging from 24 to 115 days per log cycle. Estimated transmissivities in the Soldier Creek area ranged from 0.003 foot squared per day in the lower part of the Castlegate Sandstone to 0.07 foot squared per day in the Price River Formation.
Seepage from the Star Point Sandstone is the major contributor to base flow of the stream in Eccles Canyon (Wasatch Plateau). Gains of as much as 230 gallons per minute occurred near a fault zone which crosses Eccles Canyon at the junction with South Fork Canyon.
The potentiometric surface of water in the Blackhawk Formation in the Wasatch Plateau (Mud Creek drainage) and the Book Cliffs (Soldier Creek area) generally is above the coal zones, and dewatering will be necessary in most places during mining. The total reported mine discharge during 1980 was about 2,800 acre-feet.
During the 1980 water year, ground-water discharge from the Flagstaff Limestone contributed about 4,400 acre-feet, or 41 percent of the combined streamflow of Coal, Soldier, and Dugout Creeks. Discharge from the Blackhawk and other formations contributed about 2,200 acrefeet, or 21 percent of the streamflow. The recharge to a 4,020-acre outcrop of the Flagstaff Limestone in the Soldier Creek area was determined from measurements of the discharge of springs and seepage gains in streams. The estimated recharge was 2 inches per year, or 12 percent of the April 1 snowpack, or 9 percent of the precipitation during 1980.
Benthic-diversity indexes at streams in the Book Cliffs and Wasatch Plateau are related to the size of the bed material. The Shannon-Weiner diversity index for five sites in the Mud Creek drainage ranged from 1.57 to 4.'20 during four sampling periods in 1979-80. In the Soldier Creek drainage, the diversity index for four sampling sites ranged from 0.8 to 2.3 during three sampling periods in 1979-80.
Sediment deposition in Scofield Reservoir during 1943-79 was estimated to be 3,000 acre-feet but most of the coal deposition in the reservoir occurred prior to about 1950. An anaerobic zone develops in the reservoir during the summer, but water in the reservoir completely mixes during late summer or early fall.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K., Dodge, J., Darby, D., and Theobald, S., 1986, Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2246, Report: vi, 51 p.; Plate: 38.00 in x 33.50 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2246.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 51 p.; Plate: 38.00 in x 33.50 in.","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":136417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24721,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":24720,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Price River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, K.M.","contributorId":59009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodge, J.E.","contributorId":21133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darby, D.W.","contributorId":49333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Theobald, S.M.","contributorId":51270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":11978,"text":"ofr86134 - 1986 - Climatic data for Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:31","indexId":"ofr86134","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-134","title":"Climatic data for Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire, 1984","docAbstract":"Research on the hydrology of Mirror lake, (north-central) New Hampshire includes study of evaporation. Presented here are those climatic data needed for energy-budget and mass-transfer studies, including: temperature of lake water surface; dry-bulb and wet-bulb air temperatures; wind speed at 3 levels above the water surface; and solar and atmospheric radiation. Data are collected at raft and land stations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86134","usgsCitation":"Sturrock, A., Buso, D., Scarborough, J., and Winter, T.C., 1986, Climatic data for Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-134, iv, 70 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86134.","productDescription":"iv, 70 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0134/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39972,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0134/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667ae1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sturrock, A.M.","contributorId":25947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturrock","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buso, D.C.","contributorId":31392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buso","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scarborough, J.L.","contributorId":94673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarborough","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25616,"text":"wri864329 - 1986 - Investigation of possible effects of surface coal mining on hydrology and landscape stability in part of the Powder River structural basin, northeastern Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:24","indexId":"wri864329","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4329","title":"Investigation of possible effects of surface coal mining on hydrology and landscape stability in part of the Powder River structural basin, northeastern Wyoming","docAbstract":"The effects of surface coal mining on the surface- and groundwater systems in a 5,400 sq mi area in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, that includes 20 major coal mines were evaluated using three approaches: A surface water model, a landscape-stability analysis, and a groundwater model. A surface water model was developed for the Belle Fourche River basin. The Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran model was used to simulate changes in streamflow and changes in dissolved-solids and sulfate concentrations. Simulated streamflows resulting from less than average rainfall were small, changes in flow from premining to during-mining and postmining conditions were less than 2.5%, and changes in mean dissolved-solids and sulfate concentrations ranged from 1 to 7%. A landscape-stability analysis resulted in regression relations to aid in the reconstruction of reclaimed drainage networks. Hypsometric analyses indicate the larger basins are relatively stable, and statistical data from these basins may be used to design the placement of material within a mined basin to approximate natural, stable landscapes in the area. The attempt to define and simulate the groundwater system in the area using a groundwater-flow model was unsuccessful. The steady-state groundwater-flow model could not be calibrated. The modeling effort failed principally because of insufficient quantity and quality of data to define the spatial distribution of aquifer properties; the hydraulic-head distribution within and between aquifers; and the rates of groundwater recharge and discharge, especially for steady-state conditions. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864329","usgsCitation":"Bloyd, R., Daddow, P., Jordon, P., and Lowham, H., 1986, Investigation of possible effects of surface coal mining on hydrology and landscape stability in part of the Powder River structural basin, northeastern Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4329, vi, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864329.","productDescription":"vi, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4329/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54362,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4329/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e479de4b07f02db49212b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bloyd, R. M.","contributorId":34549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bloyd","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daddow, P. B.","contributorId":26700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daddow","given":"P. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordon, P.R.","contributorId":69605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordon","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowham, H. W.","contributorId":8111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowham","given":"H. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":13496,"text":"ofr85626 - 1986 - Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida; a summary of the river quality assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13496,"text":"ofr85626 - 1986 - Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida; a summary of the river quality assessment","indexId":"ofr85626","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida; a summary of the river quality assessment"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1309,"text":"wsp2196D - 1988 - Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida : a summary of the river quality assessment","indexId":"wsp2196D","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida : a summary of the river quality assessment"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1309,"text":"wsp2196D - 1988 - Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida : a summary of the river quality assessment","indexId":"wsp2196D","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida : a summary of the river quality assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-09T16:24:48.172332","indexId":"ofr85626","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-626","title":"Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida; a summary of the river quality assessment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr85626","usgsCitation":"Elder, J.F., Flagg, S., and Mattraw, H., 1986, Hydrology and ecology of the Apalachicola River, Florida; a summary of the river quality assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-626, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85626.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379280,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0626/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0626/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.63,24.52 ], [ -87.63,31.0 ], [ -80.03,31.0 ], [ -80.03,24.52 ], [ -87.63,24.52 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e8e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elder, J. F.","contributorId":54143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flagg, S.D.","contributorId":91502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flagg","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mattraw, H. C.","contributorId":45712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattraw","given":"H. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":12588,"text":"ofr86246 - 1986 - Hydrologic data for the south-central area, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:37","indexId":"ofr86246","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-246","title":"Hydrologic data for the south-central area, Nebraska","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data were compiled for the South-Central hydrogeology study, which covers an area of approximately 5,600 square miles in south-central Nebraska. Data pertain to the groundwater, surface water, climate, land use, and pumpage and precipitation at water use sites in the study area. Groundwater data include water level elevations from three mass measurements of wells and water quality information from 68 water quality sampling sites. Surface water data include average annual stream flows and average October through December streamflows at U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations, canal diversions, and seepage from canals and reservoirs. Climatic data include monthly precipitation records for eight weather stations and evaporation data from four reservoirs. Land use data were compiled for agricultural land uses, by county, from 1940 through 1981. Water use site data include water levels at each of 18 sites, soil information for those sites with complete precipitation and pumpage records, and precipitation and groundwater pumpage information for each site. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86246","usgsCitation":"Bartz, P., and Peckenpaugh, J.M., 1986, Hydrologic data for the south-central area, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-246, vi, 78 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86246.","productDescription":"vi, 78 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0246/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40981,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0246/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db6832c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartz, P.A.","contributorId":50905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartz","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peckenpaugh, J. M.","contributorId":69559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peckenpaugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":12590,"text":"ofr86245 - 1986 - Compilation of references on geology and hydrology of the Snake River drainage basin above Weiser, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:37","indexId":"ofr86245","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-245","title":"Compilation of references on geology and hydrology of the Snake River drainage basin above Weiser, Idaho","docAbstract":"More than 1,100 references concerning geology and hydrology of the Snake River drainage basin above Weiser, Idaho, are compiled as part of the U.S. Geological Survey 's RASA (Regional Aquifer-System Analysis) study of the Snake River Plain. The list of references is intended as a primary source of information for investigators concerned with previous studies in the basin. Reference numbers correlate with a key-word index to help the user select and locate desired references. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86245","usgsCitation":"Bassick, M.D., 1986, Compilation of references on geology and hydrology of the Snake River drainage basin above Weiser, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-245, i, 133 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86245.","productDescription":"i, 133 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0245/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40983,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0245/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa223","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bassick, M. D.","contributorId":28249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bassick","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29767,"text":"wri864089 - 1986 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Unalakleet River basin, Alaska, 1982-83","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri864089","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4089","title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Unalakleet River basin, Alaska, 1982-83","docAbstract":"The Unalakleet River, Alaska, from its headwaters to the confluence of the Chiroskey River has been designated as a wild river and is included in the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. Yearly low flow, which occurs during the winter, is sustained by groundwater discharge; there are few lakes in the basin and the cold climate prevents winter runoff. The amount of winter streamflow was greatest in the lower parts of streams with the exception of the South River and was apparently proportional to the amount of unfrozen alluvium upstream from the measuring sites. Unit discharge in late winter ranged from nearly zero at the mouth of the South River to 0.24 cu ft/sec/sq mi in the Unalakleet River main stem below Tenmile River. Summer runoff at the time of the reconnaissance may have been slightly higher than normal owing to recent rains. Unit runoff ranged from a low of 1.0 cu ft/sec/sq mi at the South River, to a high value of 2.4 cu ft/sec/sq mi at the North Fork Unalakleet River. Flood marks were present in the basin well above streambank levels but suitable sections to measure the maximum evident flood by slope-area methods were not found. Flood peaks were calculated for the Unalakleet River and its tributaries using basin characteristics. Calculated unit runoff for the 50-year flood ranged from about 17 to 45 cu ft/sec/sq mi. Water quality was good throughout the basin, and an abundant and diversified community of benthic invertebrates was found in samples collected during the summer reconnaissance. Permafrost underlies most of the basin, but groundwater can be found in unfrozen alluvium in the stream valleys, most abundantly in the lower part of the main tributaries and along the main stem of the Unalakleet River. Groundwater sustains river flow through the winter; an estimate of its quantity can be found through low-flow measurements. Groundwater quality in the basin appears to be satisfactory for most uses. Currently, little groundwater is used within the basin. The water supply for Unalakleet is obtained from a well and gallery in a small valley north of the airport, outside the Unalakleet River basin. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864089","usgsCitation":"Sloan, C.E., Kernodle, D., and Huntsinger, R., 1986, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Unalakleet River basin, Alaska, 1982-83: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4089, iv, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864089.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4089/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58566,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60548c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloan, C. E.","contributorId":59037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloan","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kernodle, D.R.","contributorId":26691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernodle","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huntsinger, Ronald","contributorId":54635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntsinger","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":12063,"text":"ofr86497 - 1986 - Geohydrologic data from Port Royal Sound, Beaufort County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-15T12:37:37","indexId":"ofr86497","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-497","title":"Geohydrologic data from Port Royal Sound, Beaufort County, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Nine offshore wells were drilled through overlying sediments into the Upper Floridan aquifer in Port Royal Sound, South Carolina and the adjacent Atlantic Ocean, to obtain geologic, hydrologic, and water quality data. The Upper Floridan aquifer consists predominantly of light-gray, poorly consolidated, fossiliferous limestone. In the Port Royal Sound area, the Upper Floridan is overlain by olive-gray, medium to course sand and silty sand. Falling-head permeability tests on these overlying clastic sediments indicate permeabilities of 1,100 to 4.3 x 10 to the 7th power centimeters/sec. Other geologic and hydrologic data, including geophysical logs, sieve analyses, and detailed core descriptions were obtained, along with continuous water level records of the wells, tidal records, and barometric pressure records. Water collected from the Upper Floridan aquifer beneath Port Royal Sound and the ocean ranged in concentration of chloride from 54 to 12,000 mg/l. Measured pH ranged from 6.8 to 8.4, and alkalinity ranged from 122 to 368 mg/l as CaC03. Other water quality data obtained include temperature, specific conductance, carbon-13, carbon-14, tritium , deuterium, oxygen-18, dissolved oxygen, dissolved solids, nitrogen species, phosphorus, organic carbon, cyanide, sulfide, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate, fluoride, silica , bromide, iodide, and selected trace metals. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86497","usgsCitation":"Burt, R., Belval, D., Crouch, M., and Hughes, W., 1986, Geohydrologic data from Port Royal Sound, Beaufort County, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-497, 64 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86497.","productDescription":"64 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":40079,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40080,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40081,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40082,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40083,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40084,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40085,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40086,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40087,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40088,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0497/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Beaufort County","otherGeospatial":"Port Royal Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.99945068359375,\n 32.086065193329354\n ],\n [\n -80.99945068359375,\n 32.58500645901216\n ],\n [\n -80.37185668945312,\n 32.58500645901216\n ],\n [\n -80.37185668945312,\n 32.086065193329354\n ],\n [\n -80.99945068359375,\n 32.086065193329354\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8ef7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burt, R.A.","contributorId":40994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burt","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belval, D.L.","contributorId":52186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belval","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crouch, Michael","contributorId":79105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crouch","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, W.B.","contributorId":92263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":12917,"text":"ofr86491 - 1986 - Geohydrology of and potential for fluid disposal in the Arbuckle Aquifer in Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:48","indexId":"ofr86491","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-491","title":"Geohydrology of and potential for fluid disposal in the Arbuckle Aquifer in Kansas","docAbstract":"The Arbuckle aquifer is an extensive aquifer that contains mostly saline water and that immediately overlies Precambrian ' basement ' rocks throughout Kansas, except for major uplift areas where it has been removed by erosion. In the southeast part of the state, it is a major freshwater aquifer. The upper part of the Arbuckle contains significant oil and gas reservoirs in central and south-central Kansas. During the last 40 years the Arbuckle also has become the major zone of fluid disposal in the state. Most of the fluids disposed into the Arbuckle were produced from oil and gas wells in other formations. However, in recent years, state water agencies have become increasingly concerned about injection of fluids into the subsurface and the effects of injection on the hydrologic systems involved. An investigation of the geohydrology of the Arbuckle aquifer and of the hydrologic aspects of fluid disposal into the Arbuckle was conducted to evaluate these effects. Hydraulic characteristics obtained from drill stem tests, injection tests, and numerical modeling have indicated a range of permeability in the Arbuckle from 1 millidarcy to 30 darcys. Analysis of injection tests indicated that average permeability in the basin areas probably is in the 50-300 millidarcy range. Analyses of 76 geophysical logs indicate an average porosity of about 12%. An evaluation of the geohydrology of the Arbuckle shows that it is a large regional flow system that is in hydraulic connection with several other major aquifers. Groundwater flow within the Arbuckle is principally from the west-northwest to the east-southeast. Brine disposal in the Arbuckle has been increasing over the years. Rates of injection average about 60 gal/min. Model analysis, using aquifer properties similar to those expected in the basin areas and under selected conditions of well injection into the Arbuckle, indicates that, even with an injection rate of only 100 gal/min, pressure increases equivalent to fluid-level rises of up to 100 ft are expected as far as 500 ft away from the injection well. The model analysis indicates that the effects of transmission of fluid through the confining layer on overlying units are minor. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86491","usgsCitation":"Carr, J.E., McGovern, H., Gogel, T., and Doveton, J., 1986, Geohydrology of and potential for fluid disposal in the Arbuckle Aquifer in Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-491, viii, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86491.","productDescription":"viii, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0491/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41349,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0491/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, J. E.","contributorId":49373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGovern, H.E.","contributorId":85600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGovern","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gogel, Tony","contributorId":37745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gogel","given":"Tony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doveton, J.H.","contributorId":30237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doveton","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":29367,"text":"wri854253 - 1986 - Analysis of fixed-station water-quality data in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:04:51","indexId":"wri854253","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4253","title":"Analysis of fixed-station water-quality data in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"An appraisal of surface water quality in the Umpqua River basin was made using existing monthly data collected by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Douglas County Water Resources Survey. This appraisal was limited to interpretation of instantaneous monthly water quality data collected in the Umpqua River basin from water years 1974 to 1983. These data were used to compare water quality conditions throughout the basin and to determine if data collected from the NASQAN (National Stream Quality Accounting network) station are representative of upstream basin conditions. In general, data collected at the NASQAN station represent a composite of water quality from the North and South Umpqua Rivers. These river basins account for 82 % of the NASQAN station drainage. Water quality concentrations, loads, yields, and trends were statistically described and related to point source effluent loads and basin characteristics including geohydrology, hydrology, population, land use, and water use. Available point-and nonpoint-source data provided minimal information for determining cause-effect relations and for explaining observed trends in water quality; however, the data did indicate that the largest effluent discharges are located in the South Umpqua River basin in the Roseburg-Winston area. Instantaneous and annual flow weighted levels of specific conductance, phosphorus, organic plus ammonia nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate, and fecal coliform bacteria are generally highest in the South Umpqua River near Roseburg. These high levels generally occur during the summer months when river flow is extremely low relative to flow in the North Umpqua River. The North Umpqua River has among the lowest constituent concentrations observed in the basin. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854253","usgsCitation":"Rinella, J.F., 1986, Analysis of fixed-station water-quality data in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4253, vii, 96 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854253.","productDescription":"vii, 96 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58215,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4253/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4253/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de4b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rinella, J. F.","contributorId":86777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinella","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11969,"text":"ofr85631 - 1986 - Channel geometry and hydrologic data for six eruption-affected tributaries of the Lewis River, Mount St. Helens, Washington, water years 1983-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:31","indexId":"ofr85631","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-631","title":"Channel geometry and hydrologic data for six eruption-affected tributaries of the Lewis River, Mount St. Helens, Washington, water years 1983-84","docAbstract":"The May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens generated a lateral blast, lahars, and tephra deposits that altered stream channels in the Lewis River drainage basin. In order to assess potential flood hazards, monitor channel adjustments, and construct a sediment budget for disturbed drainages on the east and southeast flanks of the volcano, channel cross sections were monumented and surveyed on Pine Creek, Muddy River, and Smith Creek during September and October of 1980. Additional cross sections were monumented and surveyed on Swift Creek, Bean Creek , and Clearwater Creek during 1981. This network of channel cross sections has been resurveyed annually. Selected cross sections have been surveyed more frequently, following periods of higher flow. Longitudinal stream profiles of the low-water thalweg and (or) water surfaces were surveyed periodically for selected short reaches of channel. Corresponding map views for these reaches were constructed using the survey data and aerial photographs. This report presents plots of channel cross-section profiles, longitudinal stream profiles, and channel maps constructed from survey data collected during water years 1983-84. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85631","usgsCitation":"Martinson, H.A., Hammond, H., Mast, W., and Mango, P., 1986, Channel geometry and hydrologic data for six eruption-affected tributaries of the Lewis River, Mount St. Helens, Washington, water years 1983-84: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-631, v, 161 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85631.","productDescription":"v, 161 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0631/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39963,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0631/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e62ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martinson, H. A.","contributorId":16834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinson","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, H.E.","contributorId":69988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mast, W.W.","contributorId":74381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mango, P.D.","contributorId":63397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mango","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28552,"text":"wri864020 - 1986 - Hydraulic properties of rock units and chemical quality of water for INEL-1 — A 10,365-foot deep test hole drilled at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T22:11:01.70944","indexId":"wri864020","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4020","title":"Hydraulic properties of rock units and chemical quality of water for INEL-1 — A 10,365-foot deep test hole drilled at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"A 10,365-ft deep test hole drilled at the INEL (Idaho National Engineering Laboratory) in southeastern Idaho provided hydraulic information for rock units underlying the Snake River Plain aquifer. Four aquifer tests showed that the hydraulic conductivity decreased with depth--from an average of 0.03 ft/day for the interval from 1,511 to 2,206 ft below land surface to an average of 0.002 ft/day for the interval from 4 ,210 to 10,365 ft. In contrast the hydraulic conductivity of the Snake River Plain aquifer ranges from 1 to 100 ft/day. The hydraulic head increased with depth; the head at depth was about 115 ft greater than that for the Snake River Plain aquifer. Water temperature in the test hole increased from 26 C at 600 ft below land surface to 146 C at 9,985 ft. The gradient was nearly linear and averaged about 1.3 C/100 ft of depth. Water from the Snake River Plain aquifer contained 381 mg/L of dissolved solids and had a calcium bicarbonate chemical composition. The dissolved solids concentration in underlying rock units ranged from 350 to 1,020 mg/L and the water had a sodium bicarbonate composition. Hydrologic data for the test hole suggest that the effective base of the Snake River Plain aquifer near the test hole is between 840 and 1,220 ft below land surface. The upward vertical movement of water into the Snake River Plain aquifer from underlying rock units could be on the order of 15,000 acre-ft/year at INEL. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864020","usgsCitation":"Mann, L., 1986, Hydraulic properties of rock units and chemical quality of water for INEL-1 — A 10,365-foot deep test hole drilled at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4020, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864020.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394075,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49209.htm"},{"id":57381,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4020/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4020/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Engineering Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.95,\n 43.1\n ],\n [\n -112.4167,\n 43.1\n ],\n [\n -112.4167,\n 43.1333\n ],\n [\n -112.95,\n 43.1333\n ],\n [\n -112.95,\n 43.1\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69717f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, L. J.","contributorId":39392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"L. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17989,"text":"ofr86309 - 1986 - Description of sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in small watersheds in coal-mining areas of the eastern United States, 1980-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T10:35:33","indexId":"ofr86309","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-309","title":"Description of sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in small watersheds in coal-mining areas of the eastern United States, 1980-84","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from 20 small watersheds in the surface-mining areas of the eastern United States from 1980 through 1984 as part of the Survey1 s coal-hydrology program. Each data set includes sediment-concentration, streamflow, and precipitation data collected at 5- or 15-minute intervals. One reason for collecting the data was to test the sediment component of a watershed model. However, adequate testing requires reliable calibration data collected at several points during the rise and fall of hydrographs of several storms. Therefore, the quantity and quality of the data sets needed to be described to determine which sets could be used to test a model adequately. The data sets are described in a table that presents information about watershed characteristics, period of record, and amount of useful sediment data. Also, similar data sets collected by 10 Survey project offices during other Survey programs are described in a similar table.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr86309","usgsCitation":"Arihood, L.D., 1986, Description of sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in small watersheds in coal-mining areas of the eastern United States, 1980-84: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-309, iii, 15 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86309.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p. :map ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":149896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0309/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47233,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0309/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arihood, L. D. 0000-0001-5792-3699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":74388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29794,"text":"wri854173 - 1986 - Cost effectiveness of the US Geological Survey's stream-gaging programs in New Hampshire and Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri854173","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4173","title":"Cost effectiveness of the US Geological Survey's stream-gaging programs in New Hampshire and Vermont","docAbstract":"Data uses and funding sources were identified for the 73 continuous stream gages currently (1984) being operated. Eight stream gages were identified as having insufficient reason to continue their operation. Parts of New Hampshire and Vermont were identified as needing additional hydrologic data. New gages should be established in these regions as funds become available. Alternative methods for providing hydrologic data at the stream gaging stations currently being operated were found to lack the accuracy that is required for their intended use. The current policy for operation of the stream gages requires a net budget of $297,000/yr. The average standard error of estimation of the streamflow records is 17.9%. This overall level of accuracy could be maintained with a budget of $285,000 if resources were redistributed among gages. Cost-effective analysis indicates that with the present budget, the average standard error could be reduced to 16.6%. A minimum budget of $278,000 is required to operate the present stream gaging program. Below this level, the gages and recorders would not receive the proper service and maintenance. At the minimum budget, the average standard error would be 20.4%. The loss of correlative data is a significant component of the error in streamflow records, especially at lower budgetary levels. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854173","usgsCitation":"Smath, J., and Blackey, F., 1986, Cost effectiveness of the US Geological Survey's stream-gaging programs in New Hampshire and Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4173, vi, 134 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854173.","productDescription":"vi, 134 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4173/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58599,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686645","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smath, J.A.","contributorId":15174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smath","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blackey, F.E.","contributorId":51797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackey","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13989,"text":"ofr85649 - 1986 - Distributed information system (water fact sheet)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:50","indexId":"ofr85649","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-649","title":"Distributed information system (water fact sheet)","docAbstract":"During 1982-85, the Water Resources Division (WRD) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) installed over 70 large minicomputers in offices across the country to support its mission in the science of hydrology. These computers are connected by a communications network that allows information to be shared among computers in each office. The computers and network together are known as the Distributed Information System (DIS). The computers are accessed through the use of more than 1500 terminals and minicomputers. The WRD has three fundamentally different needs for computing: data management; hydrologic analysis; and administration. Data management accounts for 50% of the computational workload of WRD because hydrologic data are collected in all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and the Pacific trust territories. Hydrologic analysis consists of 40% of the computational workload of WRD. Cost accounting, payroll, personnel records, and planning for WRD programs occupies an estimated 10% of the computer workload. The DIS communications network is shown on a map. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85649","usgsCitation":"Harbaugh, A., 1986, Distributed information system (water fact sheet): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-649, 2 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85649.","productDescription":"2 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145989,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0649/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42631,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0649/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae759","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbaugh, A.W.","contributorId":15208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27328,"text":"wri854330 - 1986 - Hydrologic conditions in the Klatt Bog area, Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:42","indexId":"wri854330","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4330","title":"Hydrologic conditions in the Klatt Bog area, Anchorage, Alaska","docAbstract":"Klatt Bog is a 2.3 sq mi wetland in Anchorage, Alaska which provides habitat for many wildlife species but also offers potential sites for residential, commercial, and agricultural developments. Precipitation, the main source of water for the area, averages 15 in/yr; during the 1983 study period, precipitation was 12.16 inches. Estimates of evapotranspiration, considered to be the major component of water outflow, range from 10 to 20 inches. Surface runoff and groundwater outflow during 1983 are estimated to be 2.8 and < 0.2 inches, respectively. During summer, most of the runoff is derived from groundwater discharge near the upgradient eastern edge of the wetland. The wetland 's aquifer system is composed of fibrous peat which overlies a poorly permeable layer of silt and clay. The aquifer is recharged by infiltration of precipitation and inflow of groundwater from upland areas east of the wetland. During 1983 the water table was at or within 3 ft of land surface in most areas and its seasonal fluctuation was < 2 feet. Water collected from four shallow observation wells, two ponds, and two sites on a stream had concentrations of dissolved iron ranging from 2,300 to 6,100 micrograms/L. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854330","usgsCitation":"Glass, R.L., 1986, Hydrologic conditions in the Klatt Bog area, Anchorage, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4330, iv, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854330.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4330/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56195,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4330/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61137b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glass, R. L.","contributorId":80279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glass","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27327,"text":"wri864044 - 1986 - Hydrologic conditions in Connors Bog Area, Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:42","indexId":"wri864044","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4044","title":"Hydrologic conditions in Connors Bog Area, Anchorage, Alaska","docAbstract":"Connors Bog is a wetland in Anchorage, Alaska, which provides a habitat for many wildlife species and is a popular area for driving off-road vehicles. A landfill, and residential and commercial developments are present in areas which were once wetland. The main source of water is precipitation, which averages about 15 in/yr. Estimates of evapotranspiration, which is the main component of water outflow, range from 10 to 20 in/yr. Minor amounts of groundwater and surface runoff flow into the area from the northeast and southwest and flow out of the area to the northwest and south. Within the wetland, water in peat and sand is unconfined and becomes more mineralized with depth. A leachate beneath and near an abandoned landfill is characterized by concentrations of dissolved solids, dissolved chloride, and total organics that are higher than those of the area 's natural water. The maximum lateral extent of detectable contamination in 1984 was < 500 ft from the landfill 's edge. Water in glacial deposits that underlie a poorly permeable layer of silt and clay is confined. A well completed in this confined aquifer yielded water that had a low concentration of dissolved solids, 150 mg/L. The potentiometric surface of this aquifer was about 20 ft lower than the water table during 1984. Connors Lake occupies a depression that extends below adjacent groundwater levels. The 40-acre lake has a maximum depth of about 9 ft and a low rate of biological production. The quality of water in the lake has not been adversely impacted by nearby residential development or landfill operations. Lake levels appear to be influenced by precipitation and adjacent groundwater levels. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864044","usgsCitation":"Glass, R.L., 1986, Hydrologic conditions in Connors Bog Area, Anchorage, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4044, iii, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864044.","productDescription":"iii, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4044/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56194,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4044/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db6113e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glass, R. L.","contributorId":80279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glass","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28615,"text":"wri864328 - 1986 - Geohydrology and simulated response to ground-water pumpage in Carson Valley, a river-dominated basin in Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T22:09:26.390973","indexId":"wri864328","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4328","title":"Geohydrology and simulated response to ground-water pumpage in Carson Valley, a river-dominated basin in Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California","docAbstract":"A numerical model was used to simulate the effect of development of the groundwater reservoir in Carson Valley on Carson River outflow, evapotranspiration, and groundwater levels and storage. The basin-fill groundwater reservoir consists of: (1) confined and unconfined sedimentary deposits of Quaternary age that underlie the valley floor, and (2) sedimentary deposits of Tertiary age that are exposed mainly on the east side of the valley. Water levels indicate the presence of two confined aquifer systems: one < 100 ft deep, and the other, generally deeper than 200 ft. The basin-fill reservoir is surrounded by bedrock that transmits recharge to the basin through weathered and fractured zones near the contact between bedrock and valley fill. Estimates were made of the distribution of hydraulic properties of aquifer materials, and of the components of inflow to and outflow from the basin-fill reservoir. Inflow components consisted of the following approximate quantities, in acre-ft/yr: (1) mainstem Carson River flow, 360,000; (2) direct precipitation, 70,000; (3) runoff from perennial and ephemeral streams, 24,000: and (4) subsurface inflow, 38,000. Approximate estimates of outflow components were, in acre-ft/yr; (1) mainstem Carson River flow, 291,000; (2) potential evapotranspiration, 200,000. Both inflow and outflow totaled about 490,000 acre-ft/yr. These flow volumes show that the hydrologic regimen of the basin is dominated by surface water flow of the Carson River. Steady-state and transient calibration of the model provided an unacceptable fit of observed versus simulated groundwater level fluctuations and storage, and surface water outflow from the valley. These values provide a reasonable balance for the simulated steady-state water budget. Simulations show that surface water flow is the ultimate source of about 75% of pumped water for six scenarios of possible future ground-water development. Model simulations indicate that changes from agricultural to urban land uses could decrease the loss of Carson River outflow to pumpage when streamflow is not used for flood irrigation in that area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864328","usgsCitation":"Maurer, D.K., 1986, Geohydrology and simulated response to ground-water pumpage in Carson Valley, a river-dominated basin in Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4328, Report: viii, 109 p.; 2 Plates: 20.46 × 25.42 inches and 20.36 × 25.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864328.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 109 p.; 2 Plates: 20.46 × 25.42 inches and 20.36 × 25.25 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36645.htm"},{"id":57440,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4328/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57439,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4328/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57438,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4328/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4328/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","county":"Alpine County, Douglas County","otherGeospatial":"Carson Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.902,\n 38.802\n ],\n [\n -119.567,\n 38.802\n ],\n [\n -119.567,\n 39.1190\n ],\n [\n -119.902,\n 39.1190\n ],\n [\n -119.902,\n 38.802\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maurer, D. K.","contributorId":37757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}