Every 5 years since 1950, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has compiled data on the amount of water used in homes, businesses, industries, and farms throughout the State. This water-use data, combined with other related USGS information, has facilitated a unique understanding of the effects of human activity on the State’s water resources. As water availability continues to emerge as an important issue in the 21st century, the need for consistent, long-term water-use data will increase to support wise use of this essential natural resource.
\nThe amount of public- and self-supplied water used for domestic, irrigation, livestock, aquaculture, industrial, mining, and thermoelectric power was estimated for state, county, and eastern and western regions of Washington during calendar year 2010. Withdrawals of freshwater for offstream uses were estimated to be about 4,885 million gallons per day. The total estimated freshwater withdrawals for 2010 was approximately 15 percent less than the 2005 estimate because of decreases in irrigation and thermoelectric power withdrawals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155037","usgsCitation":"Lane, R.C., and Welch, W.B., 2015, Estimated freshwater withdrawals in Washington, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5037, 48 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155037.","productDescription":"v, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-061245","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298679,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155037.jpg"},{"id":298678,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5037/"},{"id":298663,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5037/pdf/sir2015-5037.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PDF of report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.78271484375,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -124.78271484375,\n 48.99463598353408\n ],\n [\n -117.04833984375001,\n 48.99463598353408\n ],\n [\n -117.04833984375001,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -124.78271484375,\n 45.55252525134013\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
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http://wa.water.usgs.gov
Assessing the physical change to shorelines and wetlands is critical in determining the resiliency of wetland systems that protect adjacent habitat and communities. The wetland and back-barrier shorelines of Assateague Island, located in Maryland and Virginia, changed as a result of wave action and storm surge that occurred during Hurricane Sandy in 2012. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program, the impact of Hurricane Sandy will be assessed and placed in its historical context to understand the future vulnerability of wetland systems. Making these assessments will rely on data extracted from current and historical resources such as maps, aerial photographs, satellite imagery, and lidar elevation data, which document physical changes over time.
\nThis Data Series Report includes several open-ocean shorelines, back-island shorelines, back-island shoreline points, sand area polygons, and sand lines for Assateague Island that were extracted from natural-color orthoimagery (aerial photography) dated from April 12, 1989, to September 5, 2013. The images used were 0.3–2-meter (m)-resolution U.S. Geological Survey Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quads (DOQQ), U.S. Department of Agriculture National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) images, and Virginia Geographic Information Network Virginia Base Map Program (VBMP) images courtesy of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The back-island shorelines were hand-digitized at the intersect of the apparent back-island shoreline and transects spaced at 20-m intervals. The open-ocean shorelines were hand-digitized at the approximate still water level, such as tide level, which was fit through the average position of waves and swash apparent on the beach. Hand-digitizing was done at a scale of approximately 1:2,000. The sand polygons were derived by using an image-processing unsupervised classification technique that separates images into classes. The classes were then visually categorized as either sand or not sand. Also included in this report are 20-m-spaced transect lines and the transect base lines.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds928","usgsCitation":"Guy, K.K., 2015, Back-island and open-ocean shorelines, and sand areas of Assateague Island, Maryland and Virginia, April 12, 1989, to September 5, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 928, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds928.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1989-04-12","temporalEnd":"2013-09-05","ipdsId":"IP-062423","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298699,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds928.PNG"},{"id":298681,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0928/"},{"id":298697,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0928/ds928_abstract.html","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 38.32711378564577\n ],\n [\n -75.08811950683594,\n 38.32334305552793\n ],\n [\n -75.18356323242186,\n 38.09728086978861\n ],\n [\n -75.36483764648438,\n 37.85208561975298\n ],\n [\n -75.38887023925781,\n 37.84612146910074\n ],\n [\n -75.4046630859375,\n 37.87431138542283\n ],\n [\n -75.37513732910156,\n 37.91495092582022\n ],\n [\n -75.35247802734375,\n 37.92145117009527\n ],\n [\n -75.31539916992188,\n 37.99508044703298\n ],\n [\n -75.11489868164062,\n 38.312568460056966\n ],\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 38.32711378564577\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550a9399e4b02e76d7590bb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guy, Kristy K. kguy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Kristy","email":"kguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70140270,"text":"sim3319 - 2015 - California State Waters Map Series: Offshore of Refugio Beach, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T20:02:15.825778","indexId":"sim3319","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-18T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3319","title":"California State Waters Map Series: Offshore of Refugio Beach, California","docAbstract":"In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology.
\nThe Offshore of Refugio Beach map lies within the western Santa Barbara Channel region of the Southern California Bight. This geologically complex region forms a major biogeographic transition zone, separating the cold-temperate Oregonian province north of Point Conception from the warm-temperate California province to the south. The map area is in the southern part of the Western Transverse Ranges geologic province, which is north of the California Continental Borderland. Significant clockwise rotation—at least 90°—since the early Miocene has been proposed for the Western Transverse Ranges province, and geodetic studies indicate that the region is presently undergoing north-south shortening. Uplift rates (as much as 0.5 mm/yr) that are based on studies of onland marine terraces provide further evidence of significant shortening.
\nThe coastal zone of this map area lies at the steep flank of the Santa Ynez Mountains. The crest of the range, which lies about 8 km from the shoreline (north of the map area), has a maximum elevation of about 780 m. This area is largely open space, partly used for livestock grazing, with no significant towns or population centers. Highway 101 crosses the map area, adjacent to and within a few hundred meters of the shoreline. The most significant developments are the recreational state beaches at El Capitan Beach and Refugio Beach. The beaches are subject to erosion each winter during storm-wave attack, and then they undergo gradual recovery or accretion during the more gentle wave climate of the late spring, summer, and fall months.
\nThe Offshore of Refugio Beach map area lies in the west-central part of the Santa Barbara littoral cell, which is characterized by west-to-east transport of sediment from Point Arguello on the northwest to Hueneme and Mugu Canyons on the southeast. Longshore drift rates have been reported to range from about 160,000 to 800,000 tons/yr, averaging 400,000 tons/yr. Sediment supply to the western and central part of the littoral cell, including the map area, is mainly from relatively small coastal watersheds. Within the map area, these coastal watersheds include (from east to west) Cañada del Capitan, Tajiquas Creek, Arroyo Hondo, Cañada del Molino, and several unnamed canyons and creeks. The Santa Ynez and Santa Maria Rivers, the mouths of which are 80 to 120 km northwest of the map area, are not considered significant sediment sources because Point Conception and Point Arguello provide obstacles to downcoast sediment transport and also because much of their sediment load is trapped in dams. The Ventura and Santa Clara Rivers, the mouths of which are about 70 km to the southeast of the map area, are not sediment sources for the map area.
\nThe offshore part of the map area consists of relatively flat and shallow continental shelf, which dips gently seaward (about 0.8° to 1.0°) so that water depths at the shelf break, roughly coincident with the California’s State Waters limit, are about 80 to 100 m. This part of the Santa Barbara Channel is relatively well protected from large Pacific swells from the north and northwest by Point Conception and from the south and southwest by offshore islands and banks. The shelf is underlain by variable amounts of upper Quaternary marine and fluvial sediments deposited as sea level fluctuated in the late Pleistocene.
\nIn the map area, the shelf break is at depths of about 90 m and lies about 5.6 to 6.4 km offshore. Beyond the shelf break, the slope is steep (as much as about 7°) and unstable. Several submarine landslides, including the large (130 km2) Goleta landslide complex, have been documented offshore of Goleta, a few kilometers east of the map area. This compound slump complex may have been initiated more than 200,000 year ago, but it also includes three recent failures that may have been generated 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. A local, 10-m-high tsunami may have been generated from these failure events.
\nSmall folds related to local faulting are superimposed on the homocline that makes up the south flank of the Santa Ynez Mountains. One of these superimposed anticlines hosts the Molino gas field, which was discovered in 1962 and subsequently developed through directional drilling from onshore wells. The Oligocene Sespe and Vaqueros Formations are the reservoirs in the Molino gas field, and the map area includes numerous seafloor hydrocarbon seeps.
\nSeafloor habitats in the broad Santa Barbara Channel region consist of significant amounts of soft, unconsolidated sediment interspersed with isolated areas of rocky habitat that support kelp-forest communities nearshore and rocky-reef communities in deep water. The potential marine benthic habitat types mapped in the Offshore of Refugio Beach map area are directly related to its Quaternary geologic history, geomorphology, and active sedimentary processes. These potential habitats, which lie primarily within the Shelf (continental shelf) but also partly within the Flank (basin flank or continental slope) megahabitats, primarily are composed of soft sediment interrupted by a few carbonate mounds. This homogeneous seafloor of sediment and low-relief bedrock provides promising habitat for groundfish, crabs, shrimp, and other marine benthic organisms.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3319","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Cochrane, G.R., Golden, N.E., Phillips, E.L., Ritchie, A., Krigsman, L.M., Dieter, B.E., Conrad, J.E., Greene, H.G., Seitz, G.G., Endris, C.A., Sliter, R.W., Wong, F.L., Erdey, M.D., Gutierrez, C.I., Yoklavich, M.M., East, A., and Hart, P.E., 2015, California State Waters Map Series: Offshore of Refugio Beach, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3319, Pamphlet: iv, 42 p.; 11 Plates: 53.0 x 36.0 inches or smaller; Metadata: Data Catalog, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3319.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 42 p.; 11 Plates: 53.0 x 36.0 inches or smaller; Metadata: Data Catalog","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-043010","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science 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Gary","contributorId":139063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greene","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[{"id":12639,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Labs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Seitz, Gordon G.","contributorId":139062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Endris, Charles A.","contributorId":87875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endris","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sliter, Ray W. 0000-0003-0337-3454 rsliter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-3454","contributorId":1992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"Ray","email":"rsliter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Erdey, Mercedes D. merdey@usgs.gov","contributorId":5411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdey","given":"Mercedes","email":"merdey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Gutierrez, Carlos I.","contributorId":32799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Yoklavich, Mary M.","contributorId":96167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoklavich","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"East, Amy E. aeast@usgs.gov","contributorId":2472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy E.","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70136499,"text":"sir20145240 - 2015 - Effect of land-applied biosolids on surface-water nutrient yields and groundwater quality in Orange County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T13:17:22","indexId":"sir20145240","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-18T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5240","title":"Effect of land-applied biosolids on surface-water nutrient yields and groundwater quality in Orange County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"Land application of municipal wastewater biosolids is the most common method of biosolids management used in North Carolina and the United States. Biosolids have characteristics that may be beneficial to soil and plants. Land application can take advantage of these beneficial qualities, whereas disposal in landfills or incineration poses no beneficial use of the waste. Some independent studies and laboratory analysis, however, have shown that land-applied biosolids can pose a threat to human health and surface-water and groundwater quality. The effect of municipal biosolids applied to agriculture fields is largely unknown in relation to the delivery of nutrients, bacteria, metals, and contaminants of emerging concern to surface-water and groundwater resources. Therefore, the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) collaborated with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) through the 319 Nonpoint Source Program to better understand the transport of nutrients and bacteria from biosolids application fields to groundwater and surface water and to provide a scientific basis for evaluating the effectiveness of the current regulations.
\nThe USGS conducted a paired agricultural watershed study in the Collins Creek and Cane Creek Reservoir watersheds in Orange County, North Carolina. Field activities were conducted from March 2011 through May 2013 at two field study sites, including biosolids field application sites owned by Orange County Water and Sewer Authority (OWASA) in the Collins Creek watershed and a background study site in the Cane Creek watershed that has no fields receiving biosolids applications. Samples of biosolids source material and soil were collected from the land-application fields for laboratory analyses. Soil samples were also collected from a background agricultural field in the Cane Creek watershed that has never received land-applied municipal biosolids. Shallow groundwater samples were collected quarterly from new monitoring wells installed by NCDENR along the edge of the biosolids land-application fields and a background agricultural field for laboratory analyses. Two surface-water monitoring sites were established on Collins Creek to compute continuous streamflow and collect discrete baseflow and stormwater runoff water-quality data upstream and downstream from the biosolids land-application fields. Surface water-quality samples were also collected for baseflow and stormwater runoff conditions at an existing USGS streamgage on Cane Creek to monitor water-quality conditions in the background study watershed. The study primarily focused on nutrients and bacteria; however, data for field properties and water-quality constituents, including metals, major ions, and contaminants of emerging concern (household-, industrial-, and agricultural-use compounds, pharmaceutical compounds, hormones, and antibiotics) also were collected and used in the analyses.
\nThere were no exceedances of the 10 elements with designated U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ceiling concentrations for land-applied biosolids in any of the biosolids samples. Treatment processes and storage techniques used by OWASA are effective in eliminating Escherichia coli and fecal coliform bacteria from biosolids. Copper, molybdenum, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and total phosphorus were elevated in the soil from biosolids land-application fields relative to the background field. The relative richness of these constituents in the biosolids land-application fields is consistent with biosolids being the source of the elevated concentrations given the relatively high concentrations of these constituents in the biosolids samples that were collected.
\nShallow groundwater in the transitional zone wells, which were located adjacent to and topographically downgradient from all the biosolids land-application fields, were found to be statistically different and had higher nitrate concentrations (medians greater than 12 milligrams per liter) than all the other wells sampled as part of the study. Surface-water nutrient concentrations and yields, primarily nitrate, were higher at the monitoring site on Collins Creek downstream from the biosolids land-application fields than the other study sites that drained watersheds without biosolids land application. The largest differences in concentrations between sites were measured at baseflow conditions, which indicate that the main cause of these differences, particularly between Cane Creek and the Collins Creek site downstream from the OWASA application fields, is related to nitrate contribution from the shallow groundwater.
\nContaminants of emerging concern were detected in approximately 40 percent of the laboratory analyses of the biosolids samples and more frequently in soil samples from the biosolids land-application fields (approximately 40 percent of laboratory analyses) relative to the soil samples from the background field (approximately 12 percent of laboratory analyses). However, contaminants of emerging concern detected in the laboratory analysis for this study do not appear to be good indicators of human-waste contaminants derived from land-applied biosolids in groundwater or surface-water because the number of detections and concentrations at the background wells and surface-water monitoring sites are similar to or higher than those at wells and monitoring sites adjacent to or downstream from the biosolids land-application fields.
\nThe data, analysis, and conclusions associated with this study can be used by regulatory agencies, resource managers, and wastewater-treatment operators to (1) better understand the quantity and characteristics of nutrients, bacteria, metals, and contaminants of emerging concern that are transported away from biosolids land-application fields to surface water and groundwater under current regulations for the purposes of establishing effective total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) and restoring impaired water resources, (2) assess how well existing regulations protect waters of the State and potentially recommend effective changes to regulations or land-application procedures, and (3) establish a framework for developing guidance on effective techniques for monitoring and regulatory enforcement of permitted biosolids land-application fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources 319 Nonpoint Source Program","usgsCitation":"Wagner, C., Fitzgerald, S.A., McSwain, K.B., Harden, S.L., Gurley, L., and Rogers, S.W., 2015, Effect of land-applied biosolids on surface-water nutrient yields and groundwater quality in Orange County, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5240, Report: x, 106 p.; Appendixes 1-4, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145240.","productDescription":"Report: x, 106 p.; Appendixes 1-4","numberOfPages":"120","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-058328","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298582,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145240.jpg"},{"id":298579,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5240/appendix","text":"Appendixes 1-4","description":"Appendixes 1-5"},{"id":298577,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5240/"},{"id":298578,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5240/pdf/sir2014-5240.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.87 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"projection":"U.S. Census Bureau Projection: North Carolina State Plane","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Orange County","otherGeospatial":"Cane Creek Reservoir watershed, Collins Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.18087005615234,\n 35.94632704841525\n ],\n [\n -79.18953895568846,\n 35.93089971399348\n ],\n [\n -79.19992446899414,\n 35.92728566887712\n ],\n [\n -79.21073913574219,\n 35.93173370094518\n ],\n [\n -79.21932220458984,\n 35.94855056001542\n ],\n [\n -79.20730590820312,\n 35.98092335649322\n ],\n [\n -79.20867919921875,\n 36.00467348670187\n ],\n [\n -79.20421600341797,\n 36.02744467075585\n ],\n [\n -79.189453125,\n 36.03841136862611\n ],\n [\n -79.16061401367188,\n 36.03855017779992\n ],\n [\n -79.16009902954102,\n 35.97481105524676\n ],\n [\n -79.18087005615234,\n 35.94632704841525\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550a939de4b02e76d7590bb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Chad R. 0000-0002-9602-7413 cwagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-7413","contributorId":1530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Chad R.","email":"cwagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Sharon A. safitzge@usgs.gov","contributorId":131155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Sharon","email":"safitzge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McSwain, Kristen Bukowski kmcswain@usgs.gov","contributorId":1606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McSwain","given":"Kristen","email":"kmcswain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bukowski","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, Stephen L. 0000-0001-6886-0099 slharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-0099","contributorId":2212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Stephen","email":"slharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gurley, Laura N. 0000-0002-2881-1038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-1038","contributorId":93834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurley","given":"Laura N.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rogers, Shane W.","contributorId":21017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70141850,"text":"sir20155026 - 2015 - Nutrient, suspended sediment, and trace element loads in the Blackstone River Basin in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 2007 to 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:33:56","indexId":"sir20155026","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-18T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5026","title":"Nutrient, suspended sediment, and trace element loads in the Blackstone River Basin in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 2007 to 2009","docAbstract":"Nutrients, suspended sediment, and trace element loads in the Blackstone River and selected tributaries were estimated from composite water-quality samples in order to better understand the distribution and sources of these constituents in the river basin. The flow-proportional composite water-quality samples were collected during sequential 2-week periods at six stations along the river’s main stem, at three stations on tributaries, and at four wastewater treatment plants in the Massachusetts segment of the basin from June 2007 to September 2009. Samples were collected at an additional station on the Blackstone River near the mouth in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, from September 2008 to September 2009. The flow-proportional composite samples were used to estimate average daily loads during the sampling periods; annual loads for water years 2008 and 2009 also were estimated for the monitoring station on the Blackstone River near the Massachusetts-Rhode Island border. The effects of hydrologic conditions and net attenuation of nitrogen were investigated for loads in the Massachusetts segment of the basin. Sediment resuspension and contaminant loading dynamics were evaluated in two Blackstone River impoundments, the former Rockdale Pond (a breached impoundment) and Rice City Pond.
\nTotal nitrogen and phosphorus loads along the Blackstone River in Massachusetts showed similar general patterns during the sampling periods monitored in this study. Total nitrogen loads were relatively low at the farthest upstream monitoring station in Millbury, Massachusetts (typically less than 430 kilograms per day (kg/d) for total nitrogen and 37 kg/d for total phosphorus). Loads typically increased (5- to 10-fold for nitrogen and 6- to 15-fold for phosphorus) downstream from the first, large wastewater treatment plant along the river, the Upper Blackstone Water Pollution Control Abatement District in Millbury. Further downstream, total nitrogen and phosphorus loads remained elevated but variable (typically about 1,000 to 3,000 kg/d for nitrogen and about 100 to 370 kg/d for phosphorus) from Millbury to the Massachusetts-Rhode Island border near Millville, Mass. Monitored tributaries of the Blackstone River and wastewater treatment plants other than the Upper Blackstone Water Pollution Control Abatement District rarely contributed more than a small fraction of the total nitrogen and phosphorus loads observed at the main stem monitoring stations. Loads of suspended sediment also were substantially larger along the river’s main stem than in tributaries during most sampling periods. Very large loads of suspended sediment from the West River tributary during several sampling periods may have been associated with flood-control operations.
\nThe estimated annual load of total nitrogen in the Blackstone River at Millville, about 1.3 miles upstream from the Massachusetts-Rhode Island border, was 936,000 kilograms (kg) (2,600 kg/d) in water year 2008 and 878,000 kg (2,400 kg/d) in water year 2009. The estimated annual load of total phosphorus at Millville was 81,400 kg in water year 2008 (223 kg/d) and 80,900 kg (222 kg/d) in water year 2009. The estimated annual load of suspended sediment in was 4,940,000 kg (13,600 kg/d) in water year 2008 and 7,040,000 kg (19,300 kg/d) in water year 2009. The higher load in water year 2009 likely reflects several large storms in summer 2009, which resulted in streamflows in the Blackstone River that were 10 times the typical July flows. Loads of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and trace elements were almost always lower in the Blackstone River at Millville than in the river near its mouth at the Pawtucket monitoring station, when loads were monitored at both stations in the latter part of water year 2008 and in water year 2009. Loads of suspended sediment at Millville and Pawtucket varied by about the same range, but were usually lower at Pawtucket than at Millville.
\nTotal nitrogen loads were higher during sampling periods when the base-flow contribution to streamflow was substantially less than the runoff contribution than in sampling periods when the base-flow dominated. During these sampling periods when the runoff component of streamflow was relatively large, loads of total nitrogen in wastewater discharge from Upper Blackstone Water Pollution Control Abatement District also were high but also constituted smaller fractions of the total nitrogen loads in the river. Nitrogen attenuation may have occurred during some sampling periods, based on net changes in total nitrogen load between consecutive monitoring stations, especially in the Blackstone River reach between the South Grafton and Uxbridge monitoring stations.
\nAnalysis of the representative constituents (total phosphorus, total chromium, and suspended sediment) upstream and downstream of impoundments indicated that the existing impoundments, such as Rice City Pond, can be sources of particulate contaminant loads in the Blackstone River. Loads of particulate phosphorus, particulate chromium, and suspended sediment were consistently higher downstream from Rice City Pond than upstream during high-flow events, and there was a positive, linear relation between streamflow and changes in these constituents from upstream to downstream of the impoundment. Thus, particulate contaminants were mobilized from Rice City Pond during high-flow events and transported downstream. In contrast, downstream loads of particulate phosphorus, particulate chromium, and suspended sediment were generally lower than or equal to upstream loads for the former Rockdale Pond impoundment. Sediments associated with the former impoundment at Rockdale Pond, breached in the late 1960s, did not appear to be mobilized during the high-flow events monitored during this study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, M.J., Waldron, M.C., and DeSimone, L., 2015, Nutrient, suspended sediment, and trace element loads in the Blackstone River Basin in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 2007 to 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5026, Report x, 112 p.; Appendix 1-5; Readme, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155026.","productDescription":"Report x, 112 p.; Appendix 1-5; Readme","numberOfPages":"126","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-06-01","temporalEnd":"2009-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-013241","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155026.jpg"},{"id":298656,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5026/"},{"id":298657,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5026/pdf/sir2015-5026.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298658,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5026/attachments/sir2015-5026_app1-5.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1-5","size":"163 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix 1-5","linkHelpText":"This is an electronic copy of Appendix 1-5. See Readme.txt file for more information."},{"id":298659,"rank":4,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5026/attachments/readme.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"projection":"Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, mainland zone","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Blackstone River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.75033569335938,\n 41.83785101947692\n ],\n [\n -71.34796142578124,\n 41.864447405239375\n ],\n [\n -71.3507080078125,\n 42.09312731992276\n ],\n [\n -71.52168273925781,\n 42.2341099541558\n ],\n [\n -71.69128417968749,\n 42.39202286040118\n ],\n [\n -71.96044921875,\n 42.36564700281194\n ],\n [\n -71.75033569335938,\n 41.83785101947692\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550a939ee4b02e76d7590bbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Marc J. mzimmerm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Marc","email":"mzimmerm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldron, Marcus C. mwaldron@usgs.gov","contributorId":1867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldron","given":"Marcus","email":"mwaldron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeSimone, Leslie A. 0000-0003-0774-9607 ldesimon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-9607","contributorId":176711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeSimone","given":"Leslie A.","email":"ldesimon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70137532,"text":"ofr20141217 - 2015 - Laboratory and field tests of the Sutron RLR-0003-1 water level sensor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-18T08:39:56","indexId":"ofr20141217","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-17T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1217","title":"Laboratory and field tests of the Sutron RLR-0003-1 water level sensor","docAbstract":"Three Sutron RLR-0003-1 water level sensors were tested in laboratory conditions to evaluate the accuracy of the sensor over the manufacturer’s specified operating temperature and distance-to-water ranges. The sensor was also tested for compliance to SDI-12 communication protocol and in field conditions at a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgaging site. Laboratory results were compared to the manufacturer’s accuracy specification for water level and to the USGS Office of Surface Water (OSW) policy requirement that water level sensors have a measurement uncertainty of no more than 0.01 foot or 0.20 percent of the indicated reading. Except for one sensor, the differences for the temperature testing were within 0.05 foot and the average measurements for the sensors were within the manufacturer’s accuracy specification. Two of the three sensors were within the manufacturer’s specified accuracy and met the USGS accuracy requirements for the laboratory distance to water testing. Three units passed a basic SDI-12 communication compliance test. Water level measurements made by the Sutron RLR-0003-1 during field testing agreed well with those made by the bubbler system and a Design Analysis Associates (DAA) H3613 radar, and they met the USGS accuracy requirements when compared to the wire-weight gage readings.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141217","usgsCitation":"Fulford, J.M., and Bryars, R.S., 2015, Laboratory and field tests of the Sutron RLR-0003-1 water level sensor: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1217, v, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141217.","productDescription":"v, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056889","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1217/"},{"id":298650,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1217/pdf/ofr2014-1217.pdf","text":"Report","size":"689 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OF 2014-1217 Report"},{"id":298651,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141217.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5509421fe4b02e76d757d913","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulford, Janice M. jfulford@usgs.gov","contributorId":991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulford","given":"Janice","email":"jfulford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bryars, R. Scott","contributorId":139697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bryars","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70139748,"text":"ds918 - 2015 - Sample descriptions and geophysical logs for cored well BP-3-USGS, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Alamosa County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-17T14:13:31","indexId":"ds918","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-17T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"918","title":"Sample descriptions and geophysical logs for cored well BP-3-USGS, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Alamosa County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The BP-3-USGS well was drilled at the southwestern corner of Great Sand Dunes National Park in the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado, 68 feet (ft, 20.7 meters [m]) southwest of the National Park Service’s boundary-piezometer (BP) well 3. BP-3-USGS is located at latitude 37°43ʹ18.06ʺN. and longitude 105°43ʹ39.30ʺW., at an elevation of 7,549 ft (2,301 m). The well was drilled through poorly consolidated sediments to a depth of 326 ft (99.4 m) in September 2009. Water began flowing from the well after penetrating a clay-rich layer that was first intercepted at a depth of 119 ft (36.3 m). The base of this layer, at an elevation of 7,415 ft (2,260 m) above sea level, likely marks the top of a regional confined aquifer recognized throughout much of the San Luis Valley. Approximately 69 ft (21 m) of core was recovered (about 21 percent), almost exclusively from clay-rich zones. Coarser grained fractions were collected from mud extruded from the core barrel or captured from upwelling drilling fluids. Natural gamma-ray, full waveform sonic, density, neutron, resistivity, spontaneous potential, and induction logs were acquired. The well is now plugged and abandoned.
\nThis report presents lithologic descriptions from the well samples and core, along with a compilation and basic data processing of the geophysical logs. The succession of sediments in the well can be generalized into three lithologic packages: (1) mostly sand from the surface to about 77 ft (23.5 m) depth; (2) interbedded sand, silt, and clay, decreasing in overall grain size downward, from 77 to 232 ft (23.5 to 70.7 m) depth; and (3) layers of massive clay alternating with layers of fine sand to silt from 232 to 326 ft (70.7 to 99.4 m), the total depth of the well. The topmost clay layers of the deepest package have a blue tint, prompting a correlation with the “blue clay” of the San Luis Valley that is commonly considered as the top of the confined aquifer. However, a confining clay was intercepted 113 ft (34.4 m) higher than the blue clay in BP-3-USGS.
\nMost of the geophysical logs have good correspondence to the lithologic variations in the well. Exceptions are the gamma-ray log, which is likely affected by naturally occurring radiation from abundant volcanic detritus, and one interval within the deepest lithologic package, which appears to be abnormally electrically conductive. Resistivity logs and variations in sand versus clay content within the well are consistent with electrical resistivity models derived from time-domain electromagnetic geophysical surveys for the area. In particular, the topmost blue clay corresponds to a strong electrical conductor that is prominent in the electromagnetic geophysical data throughout the park and vicinity.
\nBP-3-USGS was sited to test hypotheses developed from geophysical studies and to answer questions about the history and evolution of Pliocene and Pleistocene Lake Alamosa, which is represented by lacustrine deposits sampled by the well. The findings reported here represent a basis from which future studies can answer these questions and address other important scientific questions in the San Luis Valley regarding geologic history and climate change, groundwater hydrology, and geophysical interpretation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds918","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V.J., Skipp, G.L., Thomas, J.V., Davis, J.K., and Benson, M.E., 2015, Sample descriptions and geophysical logs for cored well BP-3-USGS, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Alamosa County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 918, Report: vi, 53 p.; Log files; Photographs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds918.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 53 p.; Log files; Photographs","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059656","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds918.jpg"},{"id":298632,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0918/pdf/ds918.pdf","size":"3.10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":298633,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0918/downloads/LogFiles/","text":"Log files--data for borehole geophysical logs"},{"id":298634,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0918/downloads/PhotoFiles/","text":"Photographs of samples taken onsite"},{"id":298630,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0918/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dune National Park, Great Sand Dune National Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.754150390625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.754150390625,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -104.117431640625,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -104.117431640625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.754150390625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55094222e4b02e76d757d919","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skipp, Gary L. 0000-0002-9404-0980 gskipp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-0980","contributorId":2102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skipp","given":"Gary","email":"gskipp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Jonathan V. 0000-0003-0903-9713 jvthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-9713","contributorId":2194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jonathan","email":"jvthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, Joshua K.","contributorId":138996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benson, Mary Ellen 0000-0002-4424-0730 mbenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4424-0730","contributorId":4724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Mary","email":"mbenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ellen","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70142045,"text":"sir20155031 - 2015 - Dry season mean monthly flow and harmonic mean flow regression equations for selected ungaged basins in Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-15T09:03:43","indexId":"sir20155031","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-17T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5031","title":"Dry season mean monthly flow and harmonic mean flow regression equations for selected ungaged basins in Arkansas","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality, Southwestern Energy, the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, and the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, developed regression equations for estimation of dry season mean monthly flows and harmonic mean flows that are representative of natural streamflow conditions at selected ungaged basins in Arkansas. Observed values of dry season mean monthly flow and harmonic mean flow computed from daily-mean flow data were used with basin characteristics to identify significant explanatory variables for multiple-linear-regression equations to estimate predicted values of dry season mean monthly flow and harmonic mean flow. Five dry season mean monthly flow regression equations and two harmonic mean flow regression equations were developed using dry season mean monthly flows and harmonic mean flows established for 91 and 93 U.S. Geological Survey continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations, respectively. The dry season in Arkansas is defined as the months of July through November for this study. For harmonic mean flow calculations and regression equations, the study area is composed of the Springfield-Salem Plateaus (Arkansas and Missouri), Boston Mountains, Arkansas Valley, Ouachita Mountains (Arkansas and Oklahoma), and West Gulf Coastal Plain (Arkansas) physiographic sections. All continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations used to compute dry season mean monthly flows were located within Arkansas.
\nEquations for two regions were found to be statistically significant for developing regression equations for estimating harmonic mean flows at ungaged basins; thus, equations are applicable only to streams in those respective regions in Arkansas. Regression equations for dry season mean monthly flows are applicable only to streams located throughout Arkansas. All regression equations are applicable only to unaltered streams where flows were not significantly affected by regulation, diversion, or urbanization. The median number of years used for dry season mean monthly flow calculation was 43, and the median number of years used for harmonic mean flow calculations was 34 for region 1 and 43 for region 2.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155031","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Breaker, B.K., 2015, Dry season mean monthly flow and harmonic mean flow regression equations for selected ungaged basins in Arkansas (Version 1: Originally posted March 17, 2015; Version 1.1: June 13, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5031, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155031.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062868","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305737,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":298612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5031/"},{"id":298613,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5031/pdf/sir2015-5031.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.41 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"USA Contiguous Albers Equal Area Conic USGS version","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.625244140625,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -90.17578124999999,\n 36.5184659896759\n ],\n [\n -90.010986328125,\n 36.359374956015856\n ],\n [\n -90.06591796875,\n 36.1822249804225\n ],\n [\n -90.28564453124999,\n 36.05798104702501\n ],\n [\n -89.637451171875,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -89.615478515625,\n 35.8356283888737\n ],\n [\n -91.07666015625,\n 32.99023555965106\n ],\n [\n -94.053955078125,\n 33.0178760185549\n ],\n [\n -94.06494140625,\n 33.486435450999885\n ],\n [\n -94.482421875,\n 33.55055114384406\n ],\n [\n -94.449462890625,\n 35.44277092585766\n ],\n [\n -94.625244140625,\n 36.500805317604794\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted March 17, 2015; Version 1.1: June 13, 2015","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5509421ee4b02e76d757d911","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breaker, Brian K. 0000-0002-1985-4992 bbreaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-4992","contributorId":4331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breaker","given":"Brian","email":"bbreaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70143793,"text":"70143793 - 2015 - Presence of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in rainwater suggests aerial dispersal is possible","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:33:31","indexId":"70143793","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-17T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":667,"text":"Aerobiologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Presence of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in rainwater suggests aerial dispersal is possible","docAbstract":"Abstract Global spread of the pathogenic amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) may involve dispersal mechanisms not previously explored. Weather systems accompanied by strong wind and rainfall have been known to assist the dispersal of microbes pathogenic to plants and animals, and we considered a similar phenomenon might occur with Bd. We investigated this concept by sampling rainwater from 20 precipitation events for the presence of Bd in Cusuco National Park, Honduras: a site where high Bd prevalence was previously detected in stream-associated amphibians. Quantitative PCR analysis confirmed the presence of Bd in rainwater in one (5 %) of the weather events sampled, although viability cannot be ascertained from molecular presence alone. The source of the Bd and distance that the contaminated rainwater traveled could not be determined; however, this collection site was located approximately 600 m from the nearest observed perennial river by straight-line aerial distance. Although our results suggest atmospheric Bd dispersal is uncommon and unpredictable, even occasional short-distance aerial transport could considerably expand the taxonomic diversity of amphibians vulnerable to exposure and at risk of decline, including terrestrial and arboreal species that are not associated with permanent water bodies.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Aerobiology","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s10453-015-9374-6","usgsCitation":"Kolby, J.E., Ramirez, S.D., Berger, L., Griffin, D.W., Jocque, M., and Lee F. Skerratt, 2015, Presence of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in rainwater suggests aerial dispersal is possible: Aerobiologia, v. 31, no. 3, p. 411-419, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-015-9374-6.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"419","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045408","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5511395be4b02e76d75b50f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolby, Jonathan E.","contributorId":139790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolby","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12910,"text":"James Cook University, AUS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramirez, Sara D.","contributorId":139794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12911,"text":"Operation Wallacea, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berger, Lee","contributorId":139791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berger","given":"Lee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12910,"text":"James Cook University, AUS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jocque, Merlijn","contributorId":139793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jocque","given":"Merlijn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12910,"text":"James Cook University, AUS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee F. Skerratt","contributorId":139792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee F. Skerratt","affiliations":[{"id":12910,"text":"James Cook University, AUS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70142977,"text":"sir20155009 - 2015 - An assessment of two methods for identifying undocumented levees using remotely sensed data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-17T10:32:39","indexId":"sir20155009","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-17T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5009","title":"An assessment of two methods for identifying undocumented levees using remotely sensed data","docAbstract":"Many undocumented and commonly unmaintained levees exist in the landscape complicating flood forecasting, risk management, and emergency response. This report describes a pilot study completed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to assess two methods to identify undocumented levees by using remotely sensed, high-resolution topographic data. For the first method, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers examined hillshades computed from a digital elevation model that was derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) to visually identify potential levees and then used detailed site visits to assess the validity of the identifications. For the second method, the U.S. Geological Survey applied a wavelet transform to a lidar-derived digital elevation model to identify potential levees. The hillshade method was applied to Delano, Minnesota, and the wavelet-transform method was applied to Delano and Springfield, Minnesota. Both methods were successful in identifying levees but also identified other features that required interpretation to differentiate from levees such as constructed barriers, high banks, and bluffs. Both methods are complementary to each other, and a potential conjunctive method for testing in the future includes (1) use of the wavelet-transform method to rapidly identify slope-break features in high-resolution topographic data, (2) further examination of topographic data using hillshades and aerial photographs to classify features and map potential levees, and (3) a verification check of each identified potential levee with local officials and field visits.
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Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":53},{"text":"Rigosi, Anna","contributorId":150297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rigosi","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17972,"text":"Water Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":54},{"text":"Rimmer, Alon","contributorId":150298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rimmer","given":"Alon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17973,"text":"Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, The Lake Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Migdal, Israel","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":55},{"text":"Rogora, Michela","contributorId":150299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogora","given":"Michela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17974,"text":"National Research Council, Institute of Ecosystem Study, Verbania Pallanza, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":56},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":57},{"text":"Rusak, James A. 0000-0002-4939-6478","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-6478","contributorId":150301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rusak","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17970,"text":"Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Dorset, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":58},{"text":"Salmaso, Nico","contributorId":150302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salmaso","given":"Nico","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17976,"text":"Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department (IASMA) Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione E. Mach, S. Michele all’Adige (Trento), Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":59},{"text":"Samal, Nihar R.","contributorId":150303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samal","given":"Nihar","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17977,"text":"Institute for Sustainable Cities, City University of New York, New York, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":60},{"text":"Daniel E. Schindler","contributorId":150304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daniel E. Schindler","affiliations":[{"id":17978,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":61},{"text":"Geoffrey Schladow","contributorId":150305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geoffrey Schladow","affiliations":[{"id":17979,"text":"UC Davis Tahoe Environmental Research Center, Incline Village, Nevada, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":62},{"text":"Schmidt, Silke R.","contributorId":150306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Silke","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17980,"text":"Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":63},{"text":"Schultz, Tracey","contributorId":150307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Tracey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17981,"text":"Sydney Catchment Authority, Penrith, NSW, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":64},{"text":"Silow, Eugene A. 0000-0002-7039-3220","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7039-3220","contributorId":150308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silow","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17982,"text":"Scientific Research Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":65},{"text":"Straile, Dietmar","contributorId":150309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Straile","given":"Dietmar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17983,"text":"Department of Biology, Universitat Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":66},{"text":"Teubner, Katrin","contributorId":150310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teubner","given":"Katrin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17984,"text":"Department of Limnology and Biological Oceanography, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":67},{"text":"Verburg, Piet","contributorId":150311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verburg","given":"Piet","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17985,"text":"National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":68},{"text":"Voutilainen, Ari","contributorId":150312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voutilainen","given":"Ari","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17986,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":69},{"text":"Watkinson, Andrew","contributorId":150313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watkinson","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17987,"text":"Seqwater, Ipswich, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":70},{"text":"Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.","contributorId":150314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weyhenmeyer","given":"Gesa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17988,"text":"Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":71},{"text":"Craig E. Williamson","contributorId":146156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig E. Williamson","affiliations":[{"id":16608,"text":"Miami University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":72},{"text":"Woo, Kara H.","contributorId":150315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woo","given":"Kara","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":17989,"text":"Center for Environmental Research, Education and Outreach, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":73}]}} ,{"id":70144290,"text":"70144290 - 2015 - Reconnaissance of contaminants in larval Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) tissues and habitats in the Columbia River Basin, Oregon and Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-27T10:00:20","indexId":"70144290","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconnaissance of contaminants in larval Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) tissues and habitats in the Columbia River Basin, Oregon and Washington, USA","docAbstract":"Pacific lampreys (Entosphenus tridentatus) have resided in the Columbia River Basin for millennia and have great ecological and cultural importance. The role of habitat contamination in the recent decline of the species has rarely been studied and was the main objective of this effort. A wide range of contaminants (115 analytes) was measured in sediments and tissues at 27 sites across a large geographic area of diverse land use. This is the largest dataset of contaminants in habitats and tissues of Pacific lamprey in North America and the first study to compare contaminant bioburden during the larval life stage and the anadromous, adult portion of the life cycle. Bioaccumulation of pesticides, flame retardants, and mercury was observed at many sites. Based on available data, contaminants are accumulating in larval Pacific lamprey at levels that are likely detrimental to organism health and may be contributing to the decline of the species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.003","usgsCitation":"Nilsen, E.B., Hapke, W., McIlraith, B., and Markovchick, D.J., 2015, Reconnaissance of contaminants in larval Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) tissues and habitats in the Columbia River Basin, Oregon and Washington, USA: Environmental Pollution, v. 201, p. 121-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.003.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056929","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.442138671875,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -124.442138671875,\n 47.73932336136857\n ],\n [\n -116.45507812500001,\n 47.73932336136857\n ],\n [\n -116.45507812500001,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -124.442138671875,\n 43.51668853502909\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"201","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55167f36e4b0323842781b10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilsen, Elena B. 0000-0002-0104-6321 enilsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-6321","contributorId":923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Elena","email":"enilsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hapke, Whitney B. whapke@usgs.gov","contributorId":139936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Whitney B.","email":"whapke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIlraith, Brian","contributorId":139919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIlraith","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":13314,"text":"Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markovchick, Dennis J. markovch@usgs.gov","contributorId":5960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markovchick","given":"Dennis","email":"markovch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159279,"text":"70159279 - 2015 - Priority pollutants and associated constituents in untreated and treated discharges from coal mining or processing facilities in Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T13:28:34","indexId":"70159279","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Priority pollutants and associated constituents in untreated and treated discharges from coal mining or processing facilities in Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"Clean sampling and analysis procedures were used to quantify more than 70 inorganic constituents, including 35 potentially toxic or hazardous constituents, organic carbon, and other characteristics of untreated (influent) and treated (effluent) coal-mine discharges (CMD) at 38 permitted coal-mining or coal-processing facilities in the bituminous coalfield and 4 facilities in the anthracite coalfield of Pennsylvania. Of the 42 facilities sampled during 2011, 26 were surface mines, 11 were underground mines, and 5 were coal refuse disposal operations. Treatment of CMD with caustic soda (NaOH), lime (CaO or Ca(OH)2), flocculent, or limestone was ongoing at 21%, 40%, 6%, and 4% of the facilities, respectively; no chemicals were added at the remaining facilities. All facilities with CMD treatment incorporated structures for active or passive aeration and settling of metal-rich precipitate.
\nThe untreated influent samples had wide ranges of pH (2.8–7.6), hot acidity (−600 to 8000 mg/L as CaCO3), specific conductance (SC; 253–13,000 μS/cm), total dissolved solids (TDS; 168–18,100 mg/L), and associated dissolved (<0.45-μm pore-size filter) constituents, including SO4 (14.7–10,700 mg/L), Fe (<0.01 to 4100 mg/L), Mn (0.02–136 mg/L), Al (<0.01 to 128 mg/L), and Zn (<0.003 to 18.8 mg/L). Concentrations of Ag (<1 μg/L), Hg (<1 μg/L), Sn (<0.5 μg/L), and CN (<0.01 mg/L) were below detection limits. Only one influent sample met permitted mine effluent (PME) limits plus dissolved-constituent criteria maximum concentration (CMC) thresholds for the protection of freshwater aquatic organisms.
\nThe pH of the treated effluent samples ranged from 5.5 to 11.9 and was greater than or equal to the pH of the corresponding influent at all sites. All the effluent samples met CMC levels for dissolved concentrations of Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cl, Cr, Pb, Ni, Sb, Se, Tl, V, NH3, NO2, NO3, and CN; however, nine violated one or more of the PME limits for pH (<6,n = 1), net acidity (>0, n = 3), Fe (>7 mg/L, n = 1), or Mn (>5 mg/L, n = 8), plus one or more exceeded CMC levels for Al (>0.75 mg/L, n = 2), Co (>95 μg/L, n = 5), Zn (>307 μg/L,n = 1), Cu (>7.4 μg/L, n = 1), or Se (>12.8 μg/L, n = 3). Although CMC exceedances for Co and Zn were attributed to samples also violating the PME limit for pH or Mn, the samples that exceeded the CMC for Al, Cu, or Se met applicable PME limits for pH, Fe, and Mn. Furthermore, many of the pH-compliant effluents did not meet reference criteria for SO4 and related measures of ionic strength, including TDS, SC, and osmotic pressure.
\nThe Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-ranks statistic was used to test if the overall difference between the effluent and influent pairs was equal to zero. Constituents that statistically were the same for effluent and influent (p > 0.05) included flow rate, SC, osmotic pressure, hardness, alkalinity, total organic carbon (TOC), K, Cl, NO3, PO4, Sb, Sr, Br, Se, Mo, and V. Although temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, Ca, and Na were greater in the effluent than the influent, most constituents decreased as a result of treatment, including TDS, acidity, SO4, Al, Fe, Mn, Mg, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, F, Pb, Ni, NH3, Tl, Ti, U, Zn, Zr, total phenols, total inorganic carbon (TIC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Nevertheless, some constituents that decreased, such as SO4, still did not meet reference criteria.
\nFindings from this study suggest that typical chemical or aerobic treatment of CMD to pH > 6 with removal of Fe to <7 mg/L and Mn to <5 mg/L may provide a reasonable measure of protection for aquatic life from priority pollutant metals and other toxic or hazardous constituents in effluent but may not be effective for achieving permissible or background levels for TDS, SC, osmotic pressure, or concentrations of SO4 and some other pollutants, including Se, Br, and Cl, if present.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England; New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.03.001","collaboration":"Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, I., and Brady, K.B., 2015, Priority pollutants and associated constituents in untreated and treated discharges from coal mining or processing facilities in Pennsylvania, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 62, p. 108-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.03.001.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043932","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Bituminous and Anthracite Coalfields","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.452880859375,\n 41.51680395810115\n ],\n [\n -77.969970703125,\n 41.48389104267175\n ],\n [\n -78.2666015625,\n 40.79717741518766\n ],\n [\n -78.77197265625,\n 40.069664523297774\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -80.5078125,\n 39.74943369178247\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 41.50034959128928\n ],\n [\n -80.452880859375,\n 41.51680395810115\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.662353515625,\n 41.590796851056005\n ],\n [\n -77.640380859375,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -76.88232421875,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -77.025146484375,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -77.618408203125,\n 41.63186741069748\n ],\n [\n -77.662353515625,\n 41.590796851056005\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.57470703125,\n 40.805493843894155\n ],\n [\n -76.585693359375,\n 40.455307212131494\n ],\n [\n -75.904541015625,\n 40.48038142908172\n ],\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 40.9218144123785\n ],\n [\n -76.56372070312499,\n 40.9218144123785\n ],\n [\n -76.57470703125,\n 40.805493843894155\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c57e4b0ebfbef0d317b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, III cravotta@usgs.gov","contributorId":149319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"III","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brady, Keith B.C.","contributorId":149321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brady","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.C.","affiliations":[{"id":17703,"text":"Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70099132,"text":"sir20135176 - 2015 - Development, evolution, and destruction of the saline mineral area of Eocene Lake Uinta, Piceance Basin, western Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-16T14:05:53","indexId":"sir20135176","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-16T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5176","title":"Development, evolution, and destruction of the saline mineral area of Eocene Lake Uinta, Piceance Basin, western Colorado","docAbstract":"Halite and the sodium bicarbonate mineral nahcolite were deposited in Eocene-age saline Lake Uinta in the Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado. Variations in the areal extent of saline mineral deposition through time were studied using descriptions of core and outcrop. Saline minerals have been extensively leached by groundwater, and the original extent of saline deposition was determined from the distribution of empty vugs and collapse breccias. Because vugs and breccias strongly influence groundwater movement, determining where leaching has occurred is an important consideration for in-situ oil shale extraction methods currently being developed.
\nLake Uinta formed when two much smaller freshwater lakes, one in the Uinta Basin and the other in the Piceance Basin, expanded and coalesced across the Douglas Creek arch. Early Lake Uinta inherited much of the topography in the freshwater lake and surrounding alluvial plains that preceded it, and the deep central lake area of Lake Uinta developed largely over the offshore area of the freshwater lake. A prolonged period of infilling followed the formation of Lake Uinta, creating broad lake-margin shelves prior to the onset of saline mineral deposition. These shelves almost certainly played a critical role in the evolution of the brine layer that accumulated in the deep central lake area. Broad marginal shelves formed as well around the Uinta Basin part of Lake Uinta. Brines that formed on those shelves also probably migrated to the deep central lake area in the Piceance Basin, as no saline minerals were deposited in the Uinta Basin until late in the history of Lake Uinta.
\nOil shale in the deep central lake consists of interbedded laminate oil shale beds that originated within the deep lake area, and blebby and streaked oil shale beds that were transported into the deep lake area by sediment gravity flows. Blebby and streaked oil shale beds contain carbonate clasts and siliciclastic clasts similar to lithologies found on the marginal shelves. It is possible that these clasts and the highly saline brines that evolved on the marginal shelves were incorporated into the same gravity flows.
\nSaline mineral deposition is informally subdivided into early, middle, and late phases. During the early phase, nahcolite and rich oil shale were deposited in the deep central lake area, and carbonate-rich sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone and ostracodal, oolitic, algal limestone were deposited on the marginal shelves. During the middle saline mineral phase, oil shale deposition gradually expanded across the marginal shelves, and by the end of that phase, oil shale deposition covered almost all of the former shelf areas. An increasing flow of water from Lake Gosiute to the north, as it was gradually filled in by volcaniclastics, may have caused this expansion. Saline mineral deposition also expanded during the middle saline mineral phase, reaching to near the former shelf break by the end of that phase. This suggests that the former shelf break remained a topographic feature that confined the deep saline brine layer throughout the middle phase.
\nBy the beginning of the late saline mineral phase, Lake Gosiute had been completely filled in and volcaniclastic debris reached the northern shore of Lake Uinta. This initiated a north-to-south infilling of the Piceance Basin part of Lake Uinta that progressively pushed the saline mineral area southward and ultimately onto the former marginal shelf areas in the southern part of the basin. A saline mineral area formed for the first time in the eastern part of the Uinta Basin during this infilling and, for a time, saline minerals were deposited in both basins. By the end of the late saline phase, the Piceance Basin part of Lake Uinta was filled in and saline mineral deposition shifted entirely into the Uinta Basin.
\nLeaching of saline minerals began sometime after the Green River Formation was lithified enough to allow collapse breccias to form. Leaching is ongoing today, indicated by the discharge of highly saline water from a series of springs in the northern part of the basin. Groundwater invasion and saline mineral dissolution is commonly incomplete in areas that lack fractures, leaving behind pockets of unleached saline minerals in otherwise leached intervals. Today, the base of the leached zone slopes toward the north and toward the area where the brines are being discharged.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135176","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., and Brownfield, M.E., 2015, Development, evolution, and destruction of the saline mineral area of Eocene Lake Uinta, Piceance Basin, western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5176, Report: vii, 76 p.; 2 Plates: 62.38 x 42.40 inches and 95.69 x 59.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135176.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 76 p.; 2 Plates: 62.38 x 42.40 inches and 95.69 x 59.99 inches","numberOfPages":"87","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044487","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298576,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135176.jpg"},{"id":298573,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5176/pdf/sir2013-5176.pdf","text":"Report","size":"32.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2013-5176 Report"},{"id":298572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5176/"},{"id":298574,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5176/downloads/plate_01.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"53.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2013-5176 Plate 1"},{"id":298575,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5176/downloads/plate_02.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"4.70 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2013-5176 Plate 2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Eocene Lake Uinta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.56640625,\n 43.43696596521823\n ],\n [\n -111.46728515624999,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -111.51123046875,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -106.36962890624999,\n 38.16911413556086\n ],\n [\n -106.36962890624999,\n 42.45588764197166\n ],\n [\n -110.56640625,\n 43.43696596521823\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5507f09de4b02e76d757c124","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70140158,"text":"ofr20151016 - 2015 - Bibliography for acid-rock drainage and selected acid-mine drainage issues related to acid-rock drainage from transportation activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-16T15:22:13","indexId":"ofr20151016","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-16T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1016","title":"Bibliography for acid-rock drainage and selected acid-mine drainage issues related to acid-rock drainage from transportation activities","docAbstract":"Acid-rock drainage occurs through the interaction of rainfall on pyrite-bearing formations. When pyrite (FeS2) is exposed to oxygen and water in mine workings or roadcuts, the mineral decomposes and sulfur may react to form sulfuric acid, which often results in environmental problems and potential damage to the transportation infrastructure. The accelerated oxidation of pyrite and other sulfidic minerals generates low pH water with potentially high concentrations of trace metals. Much attention has been given to contamination arising from acid mine drainage, but studies related to acid-rock drainage from road construction are relatively limited. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation, is conducting an investigation to evaluate the occurrence and processes controlling acid-rock drainage and contaminant transport from roadcuts in Tennessee. The basic components of acid-rock drainage resulting from transportation activities are described and a bibliography, organized by relevant categories (remediation, geochemical, microbial, biological impact, and secondary mineralization) is presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151016","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Bradley, M., and Worland, S.C., 2015, Bibliography for acid-rock drainage and selected acid-mine drainage issues related to acid-rock drainage from transportation activities: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1016, iii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151016.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058759","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151016.jpg"},{"id":298583,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1016/"},{"id":298584,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1016/pdf/ofr2015-1016.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.22 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.05541992187499,\n 36.66841891894786\n ],\n [\n -88.05541992187499,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -88.35205078124999,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -88.428955078125,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -83.73779296875,\n 35.0120020431607\n ],\n [\n -81.309814453125,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -81.2548828125,\n 36.5978891330702\n ],\n [\n -88.05541992187499,\n 36.66841891894786\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5507f098e4b02e76d757c122","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Mike 0000-0002-2979-265X mbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-265X","contributorId":582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Mike","email":"mbradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Worland, Scott C. 0000-0001-6384-2457 scworland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6384-2457","contributorId":5802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worland","given":"Scott","email":"scworland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70136356,"text":"ofr20141259 - 2015 - The distribution of submersed aquatic vegetation and water lettuce in the fresh and oligohaline tidal Potomac River, 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-16T08:44:15","indexId":"ofr20141259","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-16T08:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1259","title":"The distribution of submersed aquatic vegetation and water lettuce in the fresh and oligohaline tidal Potomac River, 2007","docAbstract":"Surveys documenting the composition of species of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) have been conducted in the Potomac River for decades. These surveys can help managers assess the proportion of native and exotic plants in the river or can be used to determine relationships between native and exotic plants, environmental conditions, and wildlife. SAV coverage increased from 2005 to 2007 throughout the fresh and oligohaline study area. The 2007 survey documented here determined that eleven species of SAV were present. The abundance of the exotic species Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla) was relatively low, and species diversity was relatively high compared to previous years. The survey also revealed a new population of the invasive, floating aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce). In 2007, water lettuce, the latest exotic aquatic plant to be found in the fresh to oligohaline portion of the Potomac River, was most abundant in Mattawoman Creek, Charles County, Maryland. However, it was not observed in the fresh to oligohaline portion of the Potomac River in the summer of 2008. An understanding of the distribution of SAV species and factors governing the abundance of native and invasive aquatic species is enhanced by long-term surveys.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141259","usgsCitation":"Campbell, S.H., Rybicki, N.B., and Schenk, E.R., 2015, The distribution of submersed aquatic vegetation and water lettuce in the fresh and oligohaline tidal Potomac River, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1259, vi, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141259.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-011359","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298553,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141259.jpg"},{"id":298551,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1259/"},{"id":298552,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1259/pdf/ofr2014-1259.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.92 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.00523376464844,\n 38.74819282375652\n ],\n [\n -77.00660705566406,\n 38.6897975322717\n ],\n [\n -77.12745666503906,\n 38.66781998344701\n ],\n [\n -77.10960388183592,\n 38.69247725944551\n ],\n [\n -77.02583312988281,\n 38.74765730401543\n ],\n [\n -77.00523376464844,\n 38.74819282375652\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 38.53527591154413\n ],\n [\n -77.22084045410156,\n 38.54870243589558\n ],\n [\n -77.26547241210936,\n 38.4632670276956\n ],\n [\n -77.28744506835938,\n 38.34057907754285\n ],\n [\n -77.33345031738281,\n 38.3384247989913\n ],\n [\n -77.33139038085938,\n 38.40302528453207\n ],\n [\n -77.32933044433594,\n 38.4514377951069\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 38.53527591154413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.92558288574219,\n 38.301792263441016\n ],\n [\n -76.92558288574219,\n 38.31903340948611\n ],\n [\n -76.90292358398438,\n 38.31903340948611\n ],\n [\n -76.90292358398438,\n 38.301792263441016\n ],\n [\n -76.92558288574219,\n 38.301792263441016\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5507f0a0e4b02e76d757c128","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Sarah Hunter","contributorId":139663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"Hunter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybicki, Nancy B. 0000-0002-2205-7927 nrybicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-7927","contributorId":2142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Nancy","email":"nrybicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schenk, Edward R. 0000-0001-6886-5754 eschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-5754","contributorId":2183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Edward","email":"eschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70138818,"text":"ds915 - 2015 - Hydrological, water-quality, and ecological data for streams in Independence, Missouri, June 2005 through September 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-12T16:36:48","indexId":"ds915","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-12T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"915","title":"Hydrological, water-quality, and ecological data for streams in Independence, Missouri, June 2005 through September 2013","docAbstract":"Water-quality, hydrological, and ecological data collected from June 2005 through September 2013 from the Little Blue River and smaller streams within the City of Independence, Missouri, are presented in this report. These data were collected as a part of an ongoing cooperative study between the U.S. Geological Survey and the City of Independence Water Pollution Control Department to characterize the water quality and ecological condition of Independence streams. The quantities, sources of selected constituents, and processes affecting water quality and aquatic life were evaluated to determine the resulting ecological condition of streams within Independence. Data collected for this study fulfill the municipal separate sewer system permit requirements for the City of Independence and can be used to provide a baseline with which city managers can determine the effectiveness of current (2014) and future best management practices within Independence. Continuous streamflow and water-quality data, collected during base flow and stormflow, included physical and chemical properties, inorganic constituents, common organic micro-constituents, pesticides in streambed sediment and surface water, fecal indicator bacteria and microbial source tracking data, and suspended sediment. Dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, water temperature, and turbidity data were measured continuously at seven sites within Independence. Base-flow and stormflow samples were collected at eight gaged and two ungaged sites. Fecal sources samples were collected for reference for microbial source tracking, and sewage influent samples were collected as additional source samples. Dry-weather screening was done on 11 basins within Independence to identify potential contaminant sources to the streams. Benthic macroinvertebrate community surveys and habitat assessments were done on 10 stream sites and 2 comparison sites outside the city. Sampling and laboratory procedures and quality-assurance and quality-control methods used in data collection for this study are described in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds915","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Independence, Missouri, Water Pollution Control Department","usgsCitation":"Niesen, S.L., and Christensen, E.D., 2015, Hydrological, water-quality, and ecological data for streams in Independence, Missouri, June 2005 through September 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 915, Report: x, 80 p.; 2 Appendices; 5 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds915.","productDescription":"Report: x, 80 p.; 2 Appendices; 5 Tables","startPage":"80","numberOfPages":"92","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-059795","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298475,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds915.jpg"},{"id":298466,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/downloads/ds915_Appendix01.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"170 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 1"},{"id":298464,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/"},{"id":298467,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/downloads/ds915_Appendix02.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"266 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 2"},{"id":298468,"rank":6,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/downloads/ds915_table08.xlsx","text":"Table 8","size":"223 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 8"},{"id":298465,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/pdf/ds915.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.91 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298469,"rank":7,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/downloads/ds915_table09.xlsx","text":"Table 9","size":"231 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 9"},{"id":298470,"rank":8,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/downloads/ds915_table10.xlsx","text":"Table 10","size":"229 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 10"},{"id":298473,"rank":9,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/downloads/ds915_table19.xlsx","text":"Table 19","size":"237 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 19"},{"id":298474,"rank":10,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0915/downloads/ds915_table21.xlsx","text":"Table 21","size":"282 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 21"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Independence","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.51194763183594,\n 39.03945298873317\n ],\n [\n -94.51194763183594,\n 39.13964713662539\n ],\n [\n -94.32518005371094,\n 39.13964713662539\n ],\n [\n -94.32518005371094,\n 39.03945298873317\n ],\n [\n -94.51194763183594,\n 39.03945298873317\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5502aa98e4b02e76d7564e94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niesen, Shelley L. ssevern@usgs.gov","contributorId":4583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niesen","given":"Shelley","email":"ssevern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christensen, Eric D. echriste@usgs.gov","contributorId":4230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Eric","email":"echriste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142450,"text":"fs20153019 - 2015 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T21:04:52","indexId":"fs20153019","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-12T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3019","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, elevation data are critical for natural resources conservation (including the effects of drilling for oil and natural gas), agriculture and precision farming, flood risk management, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, and local agencies work in partnership to replace data that are older and of lower quality. A joint goal of Commonwealth and Federal partners is to provide a temporal and density refresh of the current statewide coverage in order to support existing and emerging applications enabled by improved lidar data.
\nThe National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153019","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2015, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Pennsylvania (Version 1: Originally posted March 12, 2015; Version 1.1: June 24, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3019, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153019.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060799","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298462,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153019.jpg"},{"id":298460,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3019/"},{"id":298461,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3019/pdf/fs2015-3019.pdf","text":"Report","size":"267 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Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":127609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70142446,"text":"fs20153018 - 2015 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:06:20","indexId":"fs20153018","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-12T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3018","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Iowa","docAbstract":"Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Iowa, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, infrastructure and construction management, natural resources conservation, flood risk management, water supply and quality, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.
\nThe National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153018","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2015, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Iowa (Version 1.0: Originally posted March 12, 2015; Version 1.1: June 25, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3018, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153018.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060453","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153018.jpg"},{"id":298458,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3018/pdf/fs2015-3018.pdf","text":"Report","size":"260 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298457,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted March 12, 2015; Version 1.1: June 25, 2015","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5502aa9ce4b02e76d7564e98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carswell, William J. Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70137387,"text":"sir20155001 - 2015 - Low-flow characteristics and flow-duration statistics for selected USGS continuous-record streamgaging stations in North Carolina through 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T13:18:37","indexId":"sir20155001","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-12T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5001","title":"Low-flow characteristics and flow-duration statistics for selected USGS continuous-record streamgaging stations in North Carolina through 2012","docAbstract":"In 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the North Carolina Division of Water Resources, compiled updated low-flow characteristics and flow-duration statistics for selected continuous-record streamgages in North Carolina. The compilation of updated streamflow statistics provides regulators and planners with relevant hydrologic information reflective of the recent droughts, which can be used to better manage the quantity and quality of streams in North Carolina. Streamflow records available through the 2012 water year1 were used to determine the annual (based on climatic year2) and winter 7-day, 10-year (7Q10, W7Q10) low-flow discharges, the 30-day, 2-year (30Q2) low-flow discharge, and the 7-day, 2-year (7Q2) low-flow discharge. Consequently, streamflow records available through March 31, 2012 (or the 2011 climatic year) were used to determine the updated low-flow characteristics. Low-flow characteristics were published for 177 unregulated sites, 56 regulated sites, and 33 sites known or considered to be affected by varying degrees of minor regulation and (or) diversions upstream from the streamgages (266 sites total). The updated 7Q10 discharges were compared for 63 streamgages across North Carolina where (1) long-term streamflow record consisted of 30 or more climatic years of data available as of the 1998 climatic year, and (2) streamflows were not known to be regulated. The 7Q10 discharges did not change for 3 sites, whereas increases and decreases were noted at 5 and 55 sites, respectively. Positive changes (increases) ranged from 4.3 percent (site 362) to 34.1 percent (site 112) with a median of 13.2 percent. Negative percentage changes (decreases) ranged from –3.3 percent (site 514) to –80.0 percent (site 308) with a median of –22.2 percent. The median percentage change for all 63 streamgages was –18.4 percent. Streamflow statistics determined as a part of this compilation included minimum, mean, maximum, and flow-duration statistics of daily mean discharges for categorical periods. Flow-duration statistics based on the daily mean discharge records were compiled in this study for the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles. Flow-duration statistics were determined for each complete water year of record at a streamgage as well as the available period of record (or selected periods if flows were regulated) and selected seasonal, monthly, and calendar day periods. In addition to the streamflow statistics compiled for each of the water years, the number of days the daily mean discharge was at or below the 10th percentile was summed for each water year as well as the number of events during the water year when streamflow was consistently at or below the 10th percentile. All low-flow characteristics for the streamgages were added into the StreamStatsDB, which is a database accessible to users through the recently released USGS StreamStats application for North Carolina. The minimum, mean, maximum, and flow-duration statistics of daily mean discharges based on the available (or selected if regulated flows) period of record were updated in the North Carolina StreamStatsDB. However, for the selected seasonal, monthly, calendar day, and annual water year periods, tab-delimited American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) tables of the streamflow statistics are available online to users from a link provided in the StreamStats application. 1The annual period from October 1 through September 30, designated by the year in which the period ends. 2The annual period from April 1 through March 31, designated by the year in which the period begins.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Weaver, J.C., 2016, Low-flow characteristics and flow-duration statistics for selected USGS continuous-record streamgaging stations in North Carolina through 2012 (ver. 1.1, March 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5001, 89 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155001.","productDescription":"vii, 89 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051713","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318509,"rank":4,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5001/versionHist.txt","size":"3.96 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5001"},{"id":318636,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5001/downloads/","text":"Downloads Directory","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"An alternative method to accessing the streamflow statistcs not provided in the report outside of the StreamStats application http://water.usgs.gov/osw/streamstats/north_carolina.html is through the Downloads Directory link above. Tables 3 and 5 in the report provide the low-flow characteristics and flow-duration statistics, respectively, for the available (or selected if regulated flows) period of records at the streamages. The Downloads directory contains the minimum, mean, maximum, and flow-duration statistics of daily mean discharges based on the available (or selected if regulated flows) period of record, each complete water year of record, each calendar day, each month, and selected seasonal periods."},{"id":318508,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5001/pdf/sir20155001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.73 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5001"},{"id":318510,"rank":5,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5001/images/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":298463,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5001/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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U.S. Geological Survey
3916 Sunset Ridge Road
Raleigh, NC 27607
http://nc.water.usgs.gov/
The Eastern Shore includes only a small part of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, but contributes disproportionately large loads of the excess nitrogen and phosphorus that have contributed to ecological and economic degradation of the bay in recent decades. Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States and a vital ecological and economic resource. The bay and its tributaries have been degraded in recent decades by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in the water column, however, which cause harmful algal blooms and decreased water clarity, submerged aquatic vegetation, and dissolved oxygen. The disproportionately large nitrogen and phosphorus yields from the Eastern Shore to Chesapeake Bay are attributable to human land-use practices as well as natural hydrogeologic and soil conditions. Applications of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds to the Eastern Shore from human activities are intensive. More than 90 percent of nitrogen and phosphorus reaching the land in the Eastern Shore is applied as part of inorganic fertilizers or manure, or (for nitrogen) fixed directly from the atmosphere in cropland. Also, hydrogeologic and soil conditions promote the movement of these compounds from application areas on the landscape to groundwater and (or) surface waters, and the proximity of much of the Eastern Shore to tidal waters limits opportunities for natural removal of these compounds in the landscape. The Eastern Shore only includes 7 percent of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, but receives nearly twice as much nitrogen and phosphorus applications (per area) as the remainder of the watershed and yields greater nitrogen and phosphorus, on average, to the bay. Nitrogen and phosphorus commonly occur in streams at concentrations that may adversely affect aquatic ecosystems and have increased in recent decades.
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States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-11T15:26:27","indexId":"sir20145231","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-11T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5231","title":"A comparison of methods to predict historical daily streamflow time series in the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Effective and responsible management of water resources relies on a thorough understanding of the quantity and quality of available water. Streamgages cannot be installed at every location where streamflow information is needed. As part of its National Water Census, the U.S. Geological Survey is planning to provide streamflow predictions for ungaged locations. In order to predict streamflow at a useful spatial and temporal resolution throughout the Nation, efficient methods need to be selected. This report examines several methods used for streamflow prediction in ungaged basins to determine the best methods for regional and national implementation. A pilot area in the southeastern United States was selected to apply 19 different streamflow prediction methods and evaluate each method by a wide set of performance metrics. Through these comparisons, two methods emerged as the most generally accurate streamflow prediction methods: the nearest-neighbor implementations of nonlinear spatial interpolation using flow duration curves (NN-QPPQ) and standardizing logarithms of streamflow by monthly means and standard deviations (NN-SMS12L). It was nearly impossible to distinguish between these two methods in terms of performance. Furthermore, neither of these methods requires significantly more parameterization in order to be applied: NN-SMS12L requires 24 regional regressions—12 for monthly means and 12 for monthly standard deviations. NN-QPPQ, in the application described in this study, required 27 regressions of particular quantiles along the flow duration curve. Despite this finding, the results suggest that an optimal streamflow prediction method depends on the intended application. Some methods are stronger overall, while some methods may be better at predicting particular statistics. The methods of analysis presented here reflect a possible framework for continued analysis and comprehensive multiple comparisons of methods of prediction in ungaged basins (PUB). Additional metrics of comparison can easily be incorporated into this type of analysis. By considering such a multifaceted approach, the top-performing models can easily be identified and considered for further research. The top-performing models can then provide a basis for future applications and explorations by scientists, engineers, managers, and practitioners to suit their own needs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145231","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Department of the Interior WaterSMART Program","usgsCitation":"Farmer, W.H., Archfield, S.A., Over, T.M., Hay, L.E., LaFontaine, J., and Kiang, J.E., 2015, A comparison of methods to predict historical daily streamflow time series in the southeastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5231, Report: vi, 34 p.; Appendixes A-C; Tables 1-7, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145231.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 34 p.; Appendixes A-C; Tables 1-7","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057098","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145231.jpg"},{"id":298445,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5231/"},{"id":298446,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5231/pdf/sir2014-5231.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.14 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298447,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5231/appendix/sir2014-5231_appendixa.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"59.2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix A","linkHelpText":"A summary of sites where small portions of the historical record were completed using alternative techniques."},{"id":298448,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5231/appendix/sir2014-5231_appendixb.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"200 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix B","linkHelpText":"A description of all basin characteristics considered as potential explanatory variables in the various regressions conducted as part of the Southeast Model Comparison."},{"id":298449,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5231/appendix/sir2014-5231_appendixc.pdf","text":"Appendix C","size":"309 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix C","linkHelpText":"Supplemental Data"},{"id":298450,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5231/appendix/sir2014-5231_appendixc_figures.pdf","text":"Appendix C Figures","size":"184 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix C Figures"},{"id":298451,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5231/table/sir2014-5231_tables%201-7.pdf","text":"Tables 1-7","size":"185 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Tables 1-7","linkHelpText":"Contains: Records for each streamgage used in the Southeast Model Comparsion, a listing of all names and abbreviations of prediction methods, root-mean-square error data, fitted coefficients and goodness-of-fit statistics, mean rank performance metric, and mean and standard deviation of average ranks for each method of prediction."}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 24.387127324604496\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 39.01064750994083\n ],\n [\n -76.97021484375,\n 39.01064750994083\n ],\n [\n -76.97021484375,\n 24.387127324604496\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 24.387127324604496\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a659ae4b03238427833e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farmer, William H. 0000-0002-2865-2196 wfarmer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-2196","contributorId":4374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"William","email":"wfarmer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - 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Potential effects from the historic mining activities include acid-mine drainage and elevated concentrations of potentially toxic trace elements from mining remnants such as waste rock and tailing piles. In support of remediation efforts, water-quality monitoring by the U.S. Geological Survey began in 1997 in the Boulder River and Tenmile Creek watersheds and has continued to present (2014). The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service, investigated temporal trends in water quality at 13 sites, including 2 adit (or mine entrance) sites and 11 stream sites. The primary purpose of this report is to present results of trend analysis of specific conductance, selected trace-elements (cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, and arsenic), and suspended sediment for the 13 sites.
\nTrend results for most stream sites in the Boulder River watershed for water years 2000–13 (water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30 and is designated by the year in which it ends) indicate decreasing trends in flow-adjusted specific conductance, in flow-adjusted concentrations (FACs) for most filtered and unfiltered-recoverable trace elements, and in suspended sediment. Overall, magnitudes of the decreasing trends in FACs of metallic contaminants are largest for Bullion Mine tributary at mouth (site 3), Jack Creek at mouth (site 4), and Cataract Creek at Basin (site 8). For sites 3, 4, and 8, magnitudes of decreasing trends generally ranged from about -5 to -10 percent per year. Notably, the watersheds upstream from sites 3, 4, and 8 have been targeted by substantial remediation activities. Consideration of trend patterns among all stream sites in the Boulder River watershed provides strong evidence that remediation activities are the primary cause of decreasing trends in metallic contaminants.
\nTrend results for sites in the Tenmile Creek watershed generally are more variable and difficult to interpret than for sites in the Boulder River watershed. Trend results for Tenmile Creek above City Diversion (site 11) and Minnehaha Creek near Rimini (site 12) for water years 2000–13 indicate decreasing trends in FACs of cadmium, copper, and zinc. The magnitudes of the decreasing trends in FACs of copper generally are moderate and statistically significant for sites 11 and 12. The magnitudes of the decreasing trends in FACs of cadmium and zinc for site 11 are minor to small and not statistically significant; however, the magnitudes for site 12 are moderate and statistically significant. In general, patterns in FACs for Tenmile Creek near Rimini (site 13) are not well represented by fitted trends within the short data collection period, which might indicate that the trend-analysis structure of the study is not appropriate for describing trends in FACs for site 13. The large decreasing trend in FACs of suspended sediment is the strongest indication of change in water quality during the short period of record for site 13; however, this trend is not statistically significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155008","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Sando, S.K., Clark, M.L., Cleasby, T., and Barnhart, E.P., 2015, Water-quality trends for selected sites in the Boulder River and Tenmile Creek watersheds, Montana, based on data collected during water years 1997-2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5008, Report: x, 46 p.; Appendix 1 tables; Appendix 2 table; Appendix 3 tables; Appendix 3 figures, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155008.","productDescription":"Report: x, 46 p.; Appendix 1 tables; Appendix 2 table; Appendix 3 tables; Appendix 3 figures","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1996-10-01","temporalEnd":"2013-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-058590","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155008.jpg"},{"id":298429,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5008/downloads/sir20155008_Appendix02_table.pdf","text":"Appendix 2 table","size":"70 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 2 table"},{"id":298430,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5008/downloads/sir20155008_Appendix03_tables.pdf","text":"Appendix 3 tables","size":"400 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 3 tables"},{"id":298426,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5008/"},{"id":298427,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5008/pdf/sir2015-5008.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.92 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298431,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5008/downloads/sir20155008_Appendix03_figures.pdf","text":"Appendix 3 figures","size":"2.47 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 3 figures"},{"id":298428,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5008/downloads/sir20155008_Appendix01_tables.pdf","text":"Appendix 1 tables","size":"294 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 1 tables"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Boulder River watershed, Tenmile Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.10174560546875,\n 46.22402775339081\n ],\n [\n -112.21435546875,\n 46.63105019776468\n ],\n [\n -112.45811462402342,\n 46.63057868059483\n ],\n [\n -112.46292114257812,\n 46.22284011773094\n ],\n [\n -112.10174560546875,\n 46.22402775339081\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65bde4b032384278347d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, Steven K. 0000-0003-1206-1030 sksando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1206-1030","contributorId":1016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Steven","email":"sksando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleasby, Tom 0000-0003-0694-1541 tcleasby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0694-1541","contributorId":1137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleasby","given":"Tom","email":"tcleasby@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70142756,"text":"70142756 - 2015 - Modelling non-Euclidean movement and landscape connectivity in highly structured ecological networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-11T10:23:50","indexId":"70142756","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-11T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling non-Euclidean movement and landscape connectivity in highly structured ecological networks","docAbstract":"Accurate assessment of specific mortality factors is vital to prioritize recovery actions for threatened and endangered species. For decades, tag recovery methods have been used to estimate fish mortality due to avian predation. Predation probabilities derived from fish tag recoveries on piscivorous waterbird colonies typically reflect minimum estimates of predation due to an unknown and unaccounted-for fraction of tags that are consumed but not deposited on-colony (i.e., deposition probability). We applied an integrated tag recovery modeling approach in a Bayesian context to estimate predation probabilities that accounted for predator-specific tag detection and deposition probabilities in a multiple-predator system. Studies of PIT tag deposition were conducted across three bird species nesting at seven different colonies in the Columbia River basin, USA. Tag deposition probabilities differed significantly among predator species (Caspian ternsHydroprogne caspia: deposition probability = 0.71, 95% credible interval [CRI] = 0.51–0.89; double-crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus: 0.51, 95% CRI = 0.34–0.70; California gulls Larus californicus: 0.15, 95% CRI = 0.11–0.21) but showed little variation across trials within a species or across years. Data from a 6-year study (2008–2013) of PIT-tagged juvenile Snake River steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss (listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act) indicated that colony-specific predation probabilities ranged from less than 0.01 to 0.17 and varied by predator species, colony location, and year. Integrating the predator-specific deposition probabilities increased the predation probabilities by a factor of approximately 1.4 for Caspian terns, 2.0 for double-crested cormorants, and 6.7 for California gulls compared with traditional minimum predation rate methods, which do not account for deposition probabilities. Results supported previous findings on the high predation impacts from strictly piscivorous waterbirds nesting in the Columbia River estuary (i.e., terns and cormorants), but our findings also revealed greater impacts of a generalist predator species (i.e., California gulls) than were previously documented. Approaches used in this study allow for direct comparisons among multiple fish mortality factors and considerably improve the reliability of tag recovery models for estimating predation probabilities in multiple-predator systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.988882","usgsCitation":"Hostetter, N.J., Evans, A.F., Cramer, B.M., Collis, K., Lyons, D., and Roby, D.D., 2015, Quantifying avian predation on fish populations: integrating predator-specific deposition probabilities in tag-recovery studies: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, no. 2, p. 410-422, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.988882.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"410","endPage":"422","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058968","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Quantifying_Avian_Predation_on_Fish_Populations_Integrating_Predator_Specific_Deposition_Probabilities_in_Tag_Recovery_Studies/1332455","text":"External Repository"},{"id":323421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"144","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9335e4b04f417c275178","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J.","contributorId":171690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Allen F.","contributorId":171691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cramer, Bradley M.","contributorId":171692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cramer","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collis, Ken","contributorId":149991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collis","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17879,"text":"Real Time Research, Inc., 231 SW Scalehouse Loop, Suite 101, Bend, OR 97702","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}