The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with North Dakota State University Agriculture Research Extension and in collaboration with North Dakota State Department of Health, North Dakota State Water Commission, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and several agricultural producers, helped organize a Discovery Farms program in North Dakota in 2007. Discharge measurements and water-quality samples collected at the three Farms (Underwood, Dazey, and Embden) were used to describe water-quality characteristics in runoff, and compute estimates of annual loads and yields for selected constituents from spring 2008 through fall 2012.
\nConsistent patterns in water quality emerged at each individual farm, but similarities among farms also were observed. Suspended sediment, total phosphorus, and ammonia concentrations generally decreased downstream from feeding areas, and were primarily affected by surface runoff processes such as dilution, settling out of sediment, or vegetative uptake. Because surface runoff affects these constituents, increased annual surface runoff volume tended to result in increased loads and yields. No significant change in nitrate plus nitrite concentration were observed downstream from feeding areas because additional processes such as high solubility, nitrification, denitrification, and surface-groundwater interaction affect nitrate plus nitrite. For nitrate plus nitrite, increases in annual runoff volume did not consistently relate to increases in annual loads and yields. It seems that temporal distribution of precipitation and surface-groundwater interaction affected nitrate plus nitrite loads and yields. For surface drainage sites, the primary form of nitrogen was organic nitrogen whereas for subsurface drainage sites, the primary form of nitrogen was nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145212","collaboration":"In cooperation with North Dakota State University Agriculture Research Extension","usgsCitation":"Nustad, R.A., Rowland, K.M., and Wiederholt, R., 2015, Water-quality characteristics in runoff for three discovery farms in North Dakota, 2008-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5212, v, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145212.","productDescription":"v, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059141","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145212.jpg"},{"id":298407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5212/"},{"id":298408,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5212/pdf/sir2014-5212.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OF 2014-5212 Report"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.051513671875,\n 45.94351068030587\n ],\n [\n -104.051513671875,\n 49.001843917978526\n ],\n [\n -97.23999023437499,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -97.0751953125,\n 48.669198799260045\n ],\n [\n -97.064208984375,\n 48.04136507445029\n ],\n [\n -96.844482421875,\n 47.5913464767971\n ],\n [\n -96.74560546875,\n 46.89023157359399\n ],\n [\n -96.74560546875,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n -96.61376953125,\n 46.308995694198565\n ],\n [\n -96.5478515625,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -96.558837890625,\n 45.935870621190546\n ],\n [\n -104.051513671875,\n 45.94351068030587\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55000799e4b02419550fa5d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nustad, Rochelle A. 0000-0002-4713-5944 ranustad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5944","contributorId":1811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"Rochelle","email":"ranustad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowland, Kathleen M. 0000-0003-2526-6860 krowland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2526-6860","contributorId":1676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Kathleen","email":"krowland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiederholt, Ronald","contributorId":139020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiederholt","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160544,"text":"70160544 - 2015 - Mercury in Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis):bioaccumulation and trans-Pacific Ocean migration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-22T15:56:51","indexId":"70160544","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury in Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis):bioaccumulation and trans-Pacific Ocean migration","docAbstract":"Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) have the largest home range of any tuna species and are well known for the capacity to make transoceanic migrations. We report the measurement of mercury (Hg) concentrations in wild Pacific bluefin tuna (PBFT), the first reported with known size-of-fish and capture location. The results indicate juvenile PBFT that are recently arrived in the California Current from the western Pacific Ocean have significantly higher Hg concentrations in white muscle (0.51 ug/g wet mass, wm) than PBFT of longer California Current residency (0.41 ug/g wm). These new arrivals are also higher in Hg concentration than PBFT in farm pens (0.43 ug/g wm) that were captured on arrival in the California Current and raised in pens on locally derived feed. Analysis by direct Hg analyzer and attention to Hg by tissue type and location on the fish allowed precise comparisons of mercury among wild and captive fish populations. Analysis of migration and nearshore residency, determined through extensive archival tagging, bioaccumulation models, trophic investigations, and potential coastal sources of methylmercury, indicates Hg bioaccumulation is likely greater for PBFT juvenile habitats in the western Pacific Ocean (East China Sea, Yellow Sea) than in the eastern Pacific Ocean (California Current). Differential bioaccumulation may be a trophic effect or reflect methylmercury availability, with potential sources for coastal China (large hypoxic continental shelf receiving discharge of three large rivers, and island-arc volcanism) different from those for coastal Baja California (small continental shelf, no large rivers, spreading-center volcanism).
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","usgsCitation":"Colman, J.A., Nogueira, J.I., Pancorbo, O.C., Batdorf, C.A., and Block, B.A., 2015, Mercury in Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis):bioaccumulation and trans-Pacific Ocean migration: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 72, p. 1-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060319","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312737,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0476#.Vnmeik3oumu"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 36.63316209558658\n ],\n [\n -129.8583984375,\n 35.99578538642032\n ],\n [\n -115.7080078125,\n 18.93746442964186\n ],\n [\n -110.21484375,\n 22.2280904167845\n ],\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 36.63316209558658\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -218.671875,\n 41.37680856570233\n ],\n [\n -127.96875,\n 26.902476886279807\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 26.58852714730864\n ],\n [\n -218.671875,\n 41.37680856570233\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a8245e4b0a04ef490fd11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, John A. 0000-0001-9327-0779 jacolman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-0779","contributorId":2098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"John","email":"jacolman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nogueira, Jacob I.","contributorId":150812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nogueira","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":18108,"text":"Tuna Research and Conservation Center, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California 93950, U.S.A","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pancorbo, Oscar C.","contributorId":150813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pancorbo","given":"Oscar","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18109,"text":"Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, 37 Shattuck Street, Lawrence, Massachusetts 01843, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batdorf, Carol A.","contributorId":150814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batdorf","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18109,"text":"Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, 37 Shattuck Street, Lawrence, Massachusetts 01843, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Block, Barbara A.","contributorId":150815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Block","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18108,"text":"Tuna Research and Conservation Center, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California 93950, U.S.A","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70124469,"text":"fs20143073 - 2015 - Aquatics Systems Branch: transdisciplinary research to address water-related environmental problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-09T11:48:49","indexId":"fs20143073","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-09T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3073","title":"Aquatics Systems Branch: transdisciplinary research to address water-related environmental problems","docAbstract":"The Aquatic Systems Branch at the Fort Collins Science Center is a group of scientists dedicated to advancing interdisciplinary science and providing science support to solve water-related environmental issues. Natural resource managers have an increasing need for scientific information and stakeholders face enormous challenges of increasing and competing demands for water. Our scientists are leaders in ecological flows, riparian ecology, hydroscape ecology, ecosystem management, and contaminant biology. The Aquatic Systems Branch employs and develops state-of-the-science approaches in field investigations, laboratory experiments, remote sensing, simulation and predictive modeling, and decision support tools. We use the aquatic experimental laboratory, the greenhouse, the botanical garden and other advanced facilities to conduct unique research. Our scientists pursue research on the ground, in the rivers, and in the skies, generating and testing hypotheses and collecting quantitative information to support planning and design in natural resource management and aquatic restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143073","usgsCitation":"Dong, Q., and Walters, K.D., 2015, Aquatics Systems Branch: transdisciplinary research to address water-related environmental problems: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3073, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143073.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056937","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298370,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143073.jpg"},{"id":298368,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3073/"},{"id":298369,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3073/pdf/fs2014-3073.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54feb619e4b02419550deb99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dong, Quan 0000-0003-0571-5884 qdong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0571-5884","contributorId":4506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"Quan","email":"qdong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walters, Katie D. waltersk@usgs.gov","contributorId":741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Katie","email":"waltersk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142635,"text":"70142635 - 2015 - Integrated climate and land use change scenarios for California rangeland ecosystem services: wildlife habitat, soil carbon, and water supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T14:44:28","indexId":"70142635","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-09T02:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated climate and land use change scenarios for California rangeland ecosystem services: wildlife habitat, soil carbon, and water supply","docAbstract":"In addition to biodiversity conservation, California rangelands generate multiple ecosystem services including livestock production, drinking and irrigation water, and carbon sequestration. California rangeland ecosystems have experienced substantial conversion to residential land use and more intensive agriculture.
\nTo understand the potential impacts to rangeland ecosystem services, we developed six spatially explicit (250 m) climate/land use change scenarios for the Central Valley of California and surrounding foothills consistent with three Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission scenario narratives.
\nWe quantified baseline and projected change in wildlife habitat, soil organic carbon (SOC), and water supply (recharge and runoff). For six case study watersheds we quantified the interactions of future development and changing climate on recharge, runoff and streamflow, and precipitation thresholds where dominant watershed hydrological processes shift through analysis of covariance.
\nThe scenarios show that across the region, habitat loss is expected to occur predominantly in grasslands, primarily due to future development (up to a 37 % decline by 2100), however habitat loss in priority conservation errors will likely be due to cropland and hay/pasture expansion (up to 40 % by 2100). Grasslands in the region contain approximately 100 teragrams SOC in the top 20 cm, and up to 39 % of this SOC is subject to conversion by 2100. In dryer periods recharge processes typically dominate runoff. Future development lowers the precipitation value at which recharge processes dominate runoff, and combined with periods of drought, reduces the opportunity for recharge, especially on deep soils.
\nResults support the need for climate-smart land use planning that takes recharge areas into account, which will provide opportunities for water storage in dry years. Given projections for agriculture, more modeling is needed on feedbacks between agricultural expansion on rangelands and water supply.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-015-0159-7","usgsCitation":"Byrd, K.B., Flint, L.E., Alvarez, P., Casey, F., Sleeter, B.M., Soulard, C.E., Flint, A.L., and Sohl, T.L., 2015, Integrated climate and land use change scenarios for California rangeland ecosystem services: wildlife habitat, soil carbon, and water supply: Landscape Ecology, v. 30, no. 4, p. 729-750, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0159-7.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"729","endPage":"750","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059547","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0159-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298389,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.574951171875,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -122.37670898437499,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -123.81591796875,\n 38.90813299596705\n ],\n [\n -124.024658203125,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -121.981201171875,\n 40.76390128094589\n ],\n [\n -121.62963867187499,\n 40.287906612507406\n ],\n [\n -120.904541015625,\n 39.257778150283336\n ],\n [\n -118.57543945312501,\n 36.60670888641815\n ],\n [\n -118.5205078125,\n 34.397844946449865\n ],\n [\n -120.574951171875,\n 34.379712580462204\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54feb61be4b02419550deb9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byrd, Kristin B. 0000-0002-5725-7486 kbyrd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-7486","contributorId":3814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrd","given":"Kristin","email":"kbyrd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alvarez, Pelayo","contributorId":139613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alvarez","given":"Pelayo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12808,"text":"California Rangeland Conservation Coalition","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":542069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casey, Frank ccasey@usgs.gov","contributorId":4188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"Frank","email":"ccasey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70141879,"text":"70141879 - 2015 - A Laurentian margin back-arc: the Ordovician Wedowee-Emuckfaw-Dahlonega basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-03T10:10:44","indexId":"70141879","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-06T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1724,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Laurentian margin back-arc: the Ordovician Wedowee-Emuckfaw-Dahlonega basin","docAbstract":"Independent researchers working in the Talladega belt, Ashland-Wedowee-Emuckfaw belt, and Opelika Complex of Alabama, as well as the Dahlonega gold belt and western Inner Piedmont of Alabama, Georgia, and the Carolinas, have mapped stratigraphic sequences unique to each region. Although historically considered distinct terranes of disparate origin, a synthesis of data suggests that each includes lithologic units that formed in an Ordovician back-arc basin (Wedowee-Emuckfaw-Dahlonega basin—WEDB). Rocks in these terranes include varying proportions of metamorphosed mafic and bimodal volcanic rock suites interlayered with deep-water metasedimentary rock sequences. Metavolcanic rocks yield ages that are Early–Middle Ordovician (480–460 Ma) and interlayered metasedimentary units are populated with both Grenville and Early–Middle Ordovician detrital zircons. Metamafic rocks display geochemical trends ranging from mid-oceanic-ridge basalt to arc affinity, similar to modern back-arc basalts. The collective data set limits formation of the WEDB to a suprasubduction system built on and adjacent to upper Neoproterozoic–lower Paleozoic rocks of the passive Laurentian margin at the trailing edge of Iapetus, specifically in a continental margin back-arc setting. Overwhelmingly, the geologic history of the southern Appalachians, including rocks of the WEDB described here, indicates that the Ordovician Taconic orogeny in the southern Appalachians developed in an accretionary orogenic setting instead of the traditional collisional orogenic setting attributed to subduction of the Laurentian margin beneath an exotic or peri-Laurentian arc. Well-studied Cenozoic accretionary orogens provide excellent analogs for Taconic orogenesis, and an accretionary orogenic model for the southern Appalachian Taconic orogeny can account for aspects of Ordovician tectonics not easily explained through collisional orogenesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/2015.0039(02)","usgsCitation":"Barineau, C.I., Tull, J.F., and Holm-Denoma, C.S., 2015, A Laurentian margin back-arc: the Ordovician Wedowee-Emuckfaw-Dahlonega basin: GSA Field Guides, v. 39, p. 21-78, https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.0039(02).","productDescription":"58 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"78","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061407","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298316,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {\n \"stroke\": \"#555555\",\n \"stroke-width\": 2,\n \"stroke-opacity\": 1,\n \"fill\": \"#555555\",\n \"fill-opacity\": 0.5\n },\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.98974609375,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -84.00146484374999,\n 37.10776507118514\n ],\n [\n -77.6513671875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -83.6279296875,\n 31.74685416292141\n ],\n [\n -87.01171875,\n 31.728167146023935\n ],\n [\n -86.98974609375,\n 33.358061612778876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54facfa9e4b02419550db6c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barineau, Clinton I.","contributorId":139194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barineau","given":"Clinton","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":12692,"text":"Columbus State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tull, James F.","contributorId":139458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tull","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holm-Denoma, Christopher S. 0000-0003-3229-5440 cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-5440","contributorId":2442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm-Denoma","given":"Christopher","email":"cholm-denoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70137829,"text":"70137829 - 2015 - Workgroup for Hydraulic laboratory Testing and Verification of Hydroacoustic Instrumentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-16T16:10:43","indexId":"70137829","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Workgroup for Hydraulic laboratory Testing and Verification of Hydroacoustic Instrumentation","docAbstract":"An international workgroup was recently formed for hydraulic laboratory testing and verification of hydroacoustic instrumentation used for water velocity measurements. The activities of the workgroup have included one face to face meeting, conference calls and an inter-laboratory exchange of two acoustic meters among participating laboratories. Good agreement was found among four laboratories at higher tow speeds and poorer agreement at the lowest tow speed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of eleventh current, waves and turbulence measurement workshop","conferenceTitle":"Eleventh current, waves and turbulence measurement workshop (CWTM)","conferenceDate":"2-6 March 2015","conferenceLocation":"St. Petersburg, FL","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/CWTM.2015.7098116","usgsCitation":"Fulford, J.M., Armstrong, B.N., and Thibodeaux, K.G., 2015, Workgroup for Hydraulic laboratory Testing and Verification of Hydroacoustic Instrumentation, in Proceedings of eleventh current, waves and turbulence measurement workshop, St. Petersburg, FL, 2-6 March 2015, p. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1109/CWTM.2015.7098116.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062290","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309995,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&tp=&arnumber=7098116&queryText%3Djanice+m.+juraska"},{"id":309996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56221fb8e4b06217fc479235","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulford, Janice M. jfulford@usgs.gov","contributorId":991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulford","given":"Janice","email":"jfulford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, Brandy N. barmstrong@usgs.gov","contributorId":138581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Brandy","email":"barmstrong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thibodeaux, Kirk G.","contributorId":107036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thibodeaux","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70103300,"text":"70103300 - 2015 - Buried particulate organic carbon stimulates denitrification and nitrate retention in stream sediments at the groundwater-surface water interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-05T11:00:11","indexId":"70103300","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-05T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Buried particulate organic carbon stimulates denitrification and nitrate retention in stream sediments at the groundwater-surface water interface","docAbstract":"The interface between ground water and surface water in streams is a hotspot for N processing. However, the role of buried organic C in N transformation at this interface is not well understood, and inferences have been based largely on descriptive studies. Our main objective was to determine how buried particulate organic C (POC) affected denitrification and NO3− retention in the sediments of an upwelling reach in a sand-plains stream in Wisconsin. We manipulated POC in mesocosms inserted in the sediments. Treatments included low and high quantities of conditioned red maple leaves (buried beneath combusted sand), ambient sediment (sand containing background levels of POC), and a control (combusted sand). We measured denitrification rates in sediments by acetylene-block assays in the laboratory and by changes in N2 concentrations in the field using membrane inlet mass spectrometry. We measured NO3−, NH4+, and dissolved organic N (DON) retention as changes in concentrations and fluxes along groundwater flow paths in the mesocosms. POC addition drove oxic ground water to severe hypoxia, led to large increases in dissolved organic C (DOC), and strongly increased denitrification rates and N (NO3− and total dissolved N) retention relative to the control. In situ denitrification accounted for 30 to 60% of NO3− retention. Our results suggest that buried POC stimulated denitrification and NO3− retention by producing DOC and by creating favorable redox conditions for denitrification.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Freshwater Science","doi":"10.1086/678249","usgsCitation":"Stelzer, R.S., Scott, J.T., and Bartsch, L., 2015, Buried particulate organic carbon stimulates denitrification and nitrate retention in stream sediments at the groundwater-surface water interface: Freshwater Science, v. 34, no. 1, p. 161-171, https://doi.org/10.1086/678249.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"171","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049658","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298305,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Emmons Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.54269409179688,\n 43.97898113341921\n ],\n [\n -89.54269409179688,\n 44.350368362980596\n ],\n [\n -89.09500122070312,\n 44.350368362980596\n ],\n [\n -89.09500122070312,\n 43.97898113341921\n ],\n [\n -89.54269409179688,\n 43.97898113341921\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f97e2ae4b02419550d9b54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stelzer, Robert S.","contributorId":56538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stelzer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, J. 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Spatial scaling assumptions are common in flood frequency prediction (e.g., index-flood method) and the prediction of continuous streamflow at ungaged sites (e.g. drainage-area ratio), with simple scaling by drainage area being the most common assumption. In this study, scaling analyses of daily streamflow from 173 streamgages in the southeastern US resulted in three important findings. First, the use of only positive integer moment orders, as has been done in most previous studies, captures only the probabilistic and spatial scaling behavior of flows above an exceedance probability near the median; negative moment orders (inverse moments) are needed for lower streamflows. Second, assessing scaling by using drainage area alone is shown to result in a high degree of omitted-variable bias, masking the true spatial scaling behavior. Multiple regression is shown to mitigate this bias, controlling for regional heterogeneity of basin attributes, especially those correlated with drainage area. Previous univariate scaling analyses have neglected the scaling of low-flow events and may have produced biased estimates of the spatial scaling exponent. Third, the multiple regression results show that mean flows scale with an exponent of one, low flows scale with spatial scaling exponents greater than one, and high flows scale with exponents less than one. The relationship between scaling exponents and exceedance probabilities may be a fundamental signature of regional streamflow. This signature may improve our understanding of the physical processes generating streamflow at different exceedance probabilities.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014WR015924","usgsCitation":"Farmer, W.H., Over, T.M., and Vogel, R.M., 2015, Multiple regression and inverse moments improve the characterization of the spatial scaling behavior of daily streamflows in the Southeast United States: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 3, p. 1775-1796, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015924.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1775","endPage":"1796","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057100","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.74609375,\n 25.24469595130604\n ],\n [\n -94.74609375,\n 37.71859032558816\n ],\n [\n -75.673828125,\n 37.71859032558816\n ],\n [\n -75.673828125,\n 25.24469595130604\n ],\n [\n -94.74609375,\n 25.24469595130604\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f97e2ce4b02419550d9b5a","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014wr015924","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014wr015924","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Farmer William H., Over Thomas M., Vogel Richard M.","journalName":"Water Resources Research","publicationDate":"3/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farmer, William H. 0000-0002-2865-2196 wfarmer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-2196","contributorId":4374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"William","email":"wfarmer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Over, Thomas M. 0000-0001-8280-4368 tmover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-4368","contributorId":1819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Over","given":"Thomas","email":"tmover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogel, Richard M.","contributorId":66811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182712,"text":"70182712 - 2015 - Life history strategies of fish species and biodiversity in eastern USA streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T09:40:22","indexId":"70182712","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history strategies of fish species and biodiversity in eastern USA streams","docAbstract":"Predictive models have been used to determine fish species that occur less frequently than expected (decreasers) and those that occur more frequently than expected (increasers) in streams in the eastern U.S. Coupling life history traits with 51 decreaser and 38 increaser fish species provided the opportunity to examine potential mechanisms associated with predicted changes in fish species distributions in eastern streams. We assigned six life history traits – fecundity, longevity, maturation age, maximum total length, parental care, and spawning season duration – to each fish species. Decreaser species were significantly smaller in size and shorter-lived with reduced fecundity and shorter spawning seasons compared to increaser species. Cluster analysis of traits revealed correspondence with a life history model defining equilibrium (low fecundity, high parental care), opportunistic (early maturation, low parental care), and periodic (late maturation, high fecundity, low parental care) end-point strategies. Nearly 50 % of decreaser species were associated with an intermediate opportunistic-periodic strategy, suggesting that abiotic factors such as habitat specialization and streamflow alteration may serve as important influences on life history traits and strategies of decreaser species. In contrast, the percent of increaser species among life history strategy groups ranged from 21 to 32 %, suggesting that life history strategies of increaser species were more diverse than those of decreaser species. This study highlights the utility of linking life history theory to biodiversity to better understand mechanisms that contribute to fish species distributions in the eastern U.S.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10641-014-0304-1","usgsCitation":"Meador, M., and Brown, L.M., 2015, Life history strategies of fish species and biodiversity in eastern USA streams: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 98, no. 2, p. 663-677, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-014-0304-1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"663","endPage":"677","ipdsId":"IP-051004","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"98","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b548c2e4b01ccd54fddfca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meador, Michael R. mrmeador@usgs.gov","contributorId":615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"Michael R.","email":"mrmeador@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Larry M.","contributorId":184044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180868,"text":"70180868 - 2015 - A new approach for continuous estimation of baseflow using discrete water quality data: Method description and comparison with baseflow estimates from two existing approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:36:22","indexId":"70180868","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new approach for continuous estimation of baseflow using discrete water quality data: Method description and comparison with baseflow estimates from two existing approaches","docAbstract":"Understanding how watershed characteristics and climate influence the baseflow component of stream discharge is a topic of interest to both the scientific and water management communities. Therefore, the development of baseflow estimation methods is a topic of active research. Previous studies have demonstrated that graphical hydrograph separation (GHS) and conductivity mass balance (CMB) methods can be applied to stream discharge data to estimate daily baseflow. While CMB is generally considered to be a more objective approach than GHS, its application across broad spatial scales is limited by a lack of high frequency specific conductance (SC) data. We propose a new method that uses discrete SC data, which are widely available, to estimate baseflow at a daily time step using the CMB method. The proposed approach involves the development of regression models that relate discrete SC concentrations to stream discharge and time. Regression-derived CMB baseflow estimates were more similar to baseflow estimates obtained using a CMB approach with measured high frequency SC data than were the GHS baseflow estimates at twelve snowmelt dominated streams and rivers. There was a near perfect fit between the regression-derived and measured CMB baseflow estimates at sites where the regression models were able to accurately predict daily SC concentrations. We propose that the regression-derived approach could be applied to estimate baseflow at large numbers of sites, thereby enabling future investigations of watershed and climatic characteristics that influence the baseflow component of stream discharge across large spatial scales.
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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141749,"text":"70141749 - 2015 - Geotechnical aspects in the epicentral region of the 2011, Mw5.8 Mineral, Virginia earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T10:22:17","indexId":"70141749","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-04T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geotechnical aspects in the epicentral region of the 2011, Mw5.8 Mineral, Virginia earthquake","docAbstract":"A reconnaissance team documented the geotechnical and geological aspects in the epicentral region of the Mw (moment magnitude) 5.8 Mineral, Virginia (USA), earthquake of 23 August 2011. Tectonically and seismically induced ground deformations, evidence of liquefaction, rock slides, river bank slumps, ground subsidence, performance of earthen dams, damage to public infrastructure and lifelines, and other effects of the earthquake were documented. This moderate earthquake provided the rare opportunity to collect data to help assess current geoengineering practices in the region, as well as to assess seismic performance of the aging infrastructure in the region. Ground failures included two marginal liquefaction sites, a river bank slump, four minor rockfalls, and a ~4-m-wide, ~12-m-long, ~0.3-m-deep subsidence on a residential property. Damage to lifelines included subsidence of the approaches for a bridge and a water main break to a heavily corroded, 5-cm-diameter valve in Mineral, Virginia. Observed damage to dams, landfills, and public-use properties included a small, shallow slide in the temporary (“working”) clay cap of the county landfill, damage to two earthen dams (one in the epicentral region and one further away near Bedford, Virginia), and substantial structural damage to two public school buildings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2014.2509(09)","usgsCitation":"Green, R.A., Lasley, S., Carter, M.W., Munsey, J.W., Maurer, B.W., and Tuttle, M.P., 2015, Geotechnical aspects in the epicentral region of the 2011, Mw5.8 Mineral, Virginia earthquake: GSA Special Papers, v. 509, p. 151-172, https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2509(09).","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"172","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054097","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Mineral","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.495849609375,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -84.495849609375,\n 39.918162846609455\n ],\n [\n -74.77294921875,\n 39.918162846609455\n ],\n [\n -74.77294921875,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -84.495849609375,\n 36.10237644873644\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"509","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f82cafe4b02419550d99de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Russell A.","contributorId":94708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lasley, Samuel","contributorId":139385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lasley","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Mark W. 0000-0003-0460-7638 mcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0460-7638","contributorId":4808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Mark","email":"mcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munsey, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":139386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munsey","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12759,"text":"TVA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maurer, Brett W.","contributorId":139387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maurer","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tuttle, Martitia P.","contributorId":139388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Martitia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12760,"text":"Tuttle and Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70141915,"text":"ofr20151034 - 2015 - Fire history of Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve, southern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T16:38:02.028941","indexId":"ofr20151034","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-04T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1034","title":"Fire history of Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve, southern Florida","docAbstract":"Fire occurs naturally in the environment on most continents, including Africa (Ryan and Williams, 2011), Asia (Kauhanen, 2008), Australia (Kutt and Woinarski, 2007), Europe (Eshel and others, 2000), South America (Fidelis and others, 2010), and North America (Van Auken, 2000). Antarctica appears to be the only continent that has no reported natural fires, although fire is common in grasslands of Patagonia and on islands in the Subantarctic region (Gonzalez and others, 2005; McGlone and others, 2007).
\nNatural fires also have occurred over thousands of years, and the frequencies of these natural fires have changed (Power and others, 2008). This has resulted in altered ecosystems at landscape scales. Recent evidence suggests that the treeless desert pastures of Tibet once were forests and woodlands, and charcoal deposits indicate that fire was more frequent in the past (Miehe and others, 2006). Human cultural development has been influenced by changes in natural fire frequencies. Zong and others (2007) reported that human suppression of fires in coastal areas of China allowed the development of rice paddy cultivation and, thus, increased the size of human populations.
\nIn addition to its almost world-wide occurrence, fire plays a role in a wide variety of ecosystem types. Grassland, savanna, steppe, woodland, forest, and wetland ecosystems all have fire as part of their natural ecology (Veblen and Lorenz, 1988; Chokkalingam and others, 2007; Miller and others, 2009, Keith and others, 2010; Staver and others, 2011). Fires affect these ecosystems in various ways, the most obvious of which is the direct effect on plant biomass (for example, Van Wilgen, 1982; Mack and others, 2008). However, fire has many other effects on ecosystems. Plant species richness, diversity, and functional types can change in response to fire (Peterson and Reich, 2008). All properties of the surface soils (such as bulk density, particle size distribution, pH, and organic carbon and nitrogen content) can be altered by the frequency and severity of fire (Boerner and others, 2009). Faunal communities will respond to fire, with some species increasing (Fuhlendorf and others, 2006) and other species decreasing, after the fire (Vasconcelos and others, 2009).The position of the ecotone between differing ecosystems also is influenced by fire occurrence (Heisler and others, 2003; Briggs and others, 2005; Smith and others, 2013).
\nFire has been used as a management tool in various ecosystems around the world. Prairies, grasslands, and savannas are fire-maintained ecosystems where fire is used to deter invasion by shrubs and trees (Grant and others, 2009; Scheintaub and others, 2009). Similarly, fire plays an important role in woodlands and forests by influencing species composition and succession such, as the use of fire in coniferous forests to prevent encroachment by hardwoods (Phillippe and others, 2011). Fire also has been used to manage wetland ecosystems for more than 50 years (Lynch, 1941; Frost, 1995). Uses have included returning marshes to early successional states, increasing forage for wildlife (Lynch, 1941). In all fire-influenced ecosystems, prescribed burns are routinely used to reduce fuel loads, reducing the possibility of catastrophic fires.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151034","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve","usgsCitation":"Smith, T.J., III, Foster, A.M., and Jones, J.W., 2015, Fire history of Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve, southern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1034, 86 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151034.","productDescription":"v, 86 p.","numberOfPages":"96","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049028","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298290,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1034/"},{"id":298292,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1034/pdf/ofr2015-1034.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298293,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151034.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Big Cypress National Preserve, Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.53778076171874,\n 24.851549944184754\n ],\n [\n -81.53778076171874,\n 26.26386228011112\n ],\n [\n -80.386962890625,\n 26.26386228011112\n ],\n [\n -80.386962890625,\n 24.851549944184754\n ],\n [\n -81.53778076171874,\n 24.851549944184754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
In glacierized fjords, the ice-ocean boundary is a physically and biologically dynamic environment that is sensitive to both glacier flow and ocean circulation. Ocean ambient noise offers insight into processes and change at the ice-ocean boundary. Here we characterize fjord ambient noise and show that the average noise levels are louder than nearly all measured natural oceanic environments (significantly louder than sea ice and non-glacierized fjords). Icy Bay, Alaska has an annual average sound pressure level of 120 dB (re 1 μPa) with a broad peak between 1000 and 3000 Hz. Bubble formation in the water column as glacier ice melts is the noise source, with variability driven by fjord circulation patterns. Measurements from two additional fjords, in Alaska and Antarctica, support that this unusually loud ambient noise in Icy Bay is representative of glacierized fjords. These high noise levels likely alter the behavior of marine mammals.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2014GL062950","usgsCitation":"Pettit, E.C., Lee, K.M., Brann, J.P., Nystuen, J.A., Wilson, P.S., and O’Neel, S., 2015, Unusually loud ambient noise in tidewater glacier fjords: a signal of ice melt: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 7, p. 2309-2316, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062950.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2309","endPage":"2316","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062408","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472222,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gl062950","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Icy Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.3947296142578,\n 60.07922860404502\n ],\n [\n -141.3947296142578,\n 60.107643864181306\n ],\n [\n -141.33773803710938,\n 60.107643864181306\n ],\n [\n -141.33773803710938,\n 60.07922860404502\n ],\n [\n -141.3947296142578,\n 60.07922860404502\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f82cb1e4b02419550d99e4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014gl062950","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014gl062950","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Pettit Erin Christine, Lee Kevin Michael, Brann Joel Palmer, Nystuen Jeffrey Aaron, Wilson Preston Scot, O'Neel Shad","journalName":"Geophysical Research Letters","publicationDate":"4/1/2015","auditedOn":"3/15/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pettit, Erin C.","contributorId":139557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettit","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Kevin M.","contributorId":139558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brann, Joel P.","contributorId":139559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brann","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nystuen, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":139560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nystuen","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Preston S.","contributorId":139561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Preston","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70142328,"text":"70142328 - 2015 - Stochastic reservoir simulation for the modeling of uncertainty in coal seam degasification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-04T10:53:51","indexId":"70142328","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-04T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stochastic reservoir simulation for the modeling of uncertainty in coal seam degasification","docAbstract":"Coal seam degasification improves coal mine safety by reducing the gas content of coal seams and also by generating added value as an energy source. Coal seam reservoir simulation is one of the most effective ways to help with these two main objectives. As in all modeling and simulation studies, how the reservoir is defined and whether observed productions can be predicted are important considerations.
\nUsing geostatistical realizations as spatial maps of different coal reservoir properties is a more realistic approach than assuming uniform properties across the field. In fact, this approach can help with simultaneous history matching of multiple wellbores to enhance the confidence in spatial models of different coal properties that are pertinent to degasification. The problem that still remains is the uncertainty in geostatistical simulations originating from the partial sampling of the seam that does not properly reflect the stochastic nature of coal property realizations. Stochastic simulations and using individual realizations, rather than E-type, make evaluation of uncertainty possible.
\nThis work is an advancement over Karacan et al. (2014) in the sense of assessing uncertainty that stems from geostatistical maps. In this work, we batched 100 individual realizations of 10 coal properties that were randomly generated to create 100 bundles and used them in 100 separate coal seam reservoir simulations for simultaneous history matching. We then evaluated the history matching errors for each bundle and defined the single set of realizations that would minimize the error for all wells. We further compared the errors with those of E-type and the average realization of the best matches. Unlike in Karacan et al. (2014), which used E-type maps and average of quantile maps, using these 100 bundles created 100 different history match results from separate simulations, and distributions of results for in-place gas quantity, for example, from which uncertainty in coal property realizations could be evaluated.
\nThe study helped to determine the realization bundle that consisted of the spatial maps of coal properties, which resulted in minimum error. In addition, it was shown that both E-type and the average of realizations that gave the best match for invidual approximated the same properties resonably. Moreover, the determined realization bundle showed that the study field initially had 151.5 million m3 (cubic meter) of gas and 1.04 million m3 water in the coal, corresponding to Q90 of the entire range of probability for gas and close to Q75 for water. In 2013, in-place fluid amounts decreased to 138.9 million m3 and 0.997 million m3 for gas and water, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.046","usgsCitation":"Karacan, C., and Olea, R., 2015, Stochastic reservoir simulation for the modeling of uncertainty in coal seam degasification: Fuel, v. 148, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.046.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062278","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.046","text":"External Repository"},{"id":298276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.54592895507812,\n 39.00851330385611\n ],\n [\n -87.54592895507812,\n 39.089034905217474\n ],\n [\n -87.41134643554688,\n 39.089034905217474\n ],\n [\n -87.41134643554688,\n 39.00851330385611\n ],\n [\n -87.54592895507812,\n 39.00851330385611\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f82cb1e4b02419550d99e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karacan, C. Özgen 0000-0002-0947-8241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0947-8241","contributorId":139554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karacan","given":"C. Özgen","affiliations":[{"id":12800,"text":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808 rolea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":1401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","email":"rolea@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70136492,"text":"sir20145235 - 2015 - Simulation of groundwater flow and streamflow depletion in the Branch Brook, Merriland River, and parts of the Mousam River watersheds in southern Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-04T10:40:00","indexId":"sir20145235","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-04T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5235","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow and streamflow depletion in the Branch Brook, Merriland River, and parts of the Mousam River watersheds in southern Maine","docAbstract":"Watersheds of three streams, the Mousam River, Branch Brook, and Merriland River in southeastern Maine were investigated from 2010 through 2013 under a cooperative project between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Maine Geological Survey. The Branch Brook watershed previously had been deemed “at risk” by the Maine Geological Survey because of the proportionally large water withdrawals compared to estimates of the in-stream flow requirements for habitat protection. The primary groundwater withdrawals in the study area include a water-supply well in the headwaters of the system and three water-supply wells in the coastal plain near the downstream end of the system. A steady-state groundwater flow model was used to understand the movement of water within the system, to evaluate the water budget and the effect of groundwater withdrawals on streamflows, and to understand streamflow depletion in relation to the State of Maine’s requirements to maintain in-stream flows for habitat protection.
\nDelineation of the simulated groundwater divides compared to the surface-water divides suggests that the groundwater divides in the headwater areas do not exactly correspond to the surface-water divides. Under both pumping and non-pumping conditions, groundwater flows from the headwaters of the Branch Brook watershed into the Mousam River watershed. Pumping in the Mousam River watershed captures a small amount of groundwater from the Branch Brook basin.
\nThe cumulative effect of groundwater withdrawals on base flows in two rivers in the study area (Branch Brook and the Merriland River) was evaluated using the groundwater flow model. Streamflow depletion in the headwaters of Branch Brook was 0.12 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) for the steady-state simulation, or about 10 percent of the average base flow at that location. Downstream on Branch Brook, the total streamflow depletion from all the wells was 0.59 ft3/s, or 3 percent of the average base flow at that location. In the Merriland River downstream from the Merriland River well, the total amount of streamflow depletion was 0.6 ft3/s, or about 7 percent of the average base flow.
\nThe groundwater model was used to evaluate several different scenarios that could affect streamflow and groundwater discharging to the rivers and streams in the study area. The scenarios were (1) no pumping from the water-supply wells; (2) current pumping from the water-supply wells, but simulated drought conditions (25 percent reduction in recharge); (3) current recharge, but with increased pumping from the large water-supply wells; and (4) drought conditions and increased pumping combined.
\nSimulations of increased pumping in the water-supply wells resulted in streamflow depletion in the headwaters of Branch Brook increasing to 16 percent of the headwater base flow. Simulated increases in the pumping in the coastal plain wells increased the amount of streamflow depletion to 6 percent of the flow in Branch Brook and to 8 percent of the flow in the Merriland River. The additional stress of a drought imposed on the model (25 percent less recharge) had a substantial impact on streamflows, as expected. If the simulated drought occurred simultaneously with an increase in pumping, the base flows would be reduced 48 percent in the headwaters of Branch Brook, compared to the no-pumping scenario. Downstream in Branch Brook, the total reduction in flow would be 29 percent of the simulated base flows in the no-pumping scenario, and in the Merriland River, the reduction would be 33 percent of the base flows in the no-pumping scenario.
\nThe study evaluated two different methods of calculating in-stream flow requirements for Branch Brook and the Merriland River—a set of statewide equations used to calculate monthly median flows and the MOVE.1 record-extension technique used on site-specific streamflow measurements. The August median in-stream flow requirement in the Merriland River was calculated as 7.18 ft3/s using the statewide equations but was 3.07 ft3/s using the MOVE.1 analysis. In Branch Brook, the August median in-stream flow requirements were calculated as 20.3 ft3/s using the statewide equations and 11.8 ft3/s using the MOVE.1 analysis. In each case, using site-specific data yields an estimate of in-stream flow that is much lower than an estimate the statewide equations provide.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145235","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maine Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, M.G., and Locke, D.B., 2015, Simulation of groundwater flow and streamflow depletion in the Branch Brook, Merriland River, and parts of the Mousam River watersheds in southern Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5235, x, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145235.","productDescription":"x, 78 p.","numberOfPages":"92","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057435","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298274,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145235.jpg"},{"id":298272,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5235/"},{"id":298273,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5235/pdf/sir2014-5235.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.83 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1988","country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Branch Brook, Merriland River, Mousam River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.7571029663086,\n 43.303944586803205\n ],\n [\n -70.7571029663086,\n 43.4576541092803\n ],\n [\n -70.49789428710938,\n 43.4576541092803\n ],\n [\n -70.49789428710938,\n 43.303944586803205\n ],\n [\n -70.7571029663086,\n 43.303944586803205\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f82cb0e4b02419550d99e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielsen, Martha G. 0000-0003-3038-9400 mnielsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-9400","contributorId":4169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martha","email":"mnielsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locke, Daniel B.","contributorId":131153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Locke","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7257,"text":"Maine Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142086,"text":"ofr20151037 - 2015 - Validation of eDNA markers for New Zealand mudsnail surveillance and initial eDNA monitoring at Mississippi River Basin sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-04T08:41:16","indexId":"ofr20151037","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-03T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1037","title":"Validation of eDNA markers for New Zealand mudsnail surveillance and initial eDNA monitoring at Mississippi River Basin sites","docAbstract":"The performance of newly developed New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum; NZMS) genetic markers for environmental (eDNA) analysis of water were compared across two laboratories. The genetic markers were tested in four quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays targeting two regions of the NZMS mitochondrial genome, specifically the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coi) and cytochrome b (cytb) genes. In a blind study, analysts tested each sample eight times with each assay. There were 10 expected-negative samples from the Black River in La Crosse, Wisconsin, 10 expected-positive samples from the Black Earth Creek in Black Earth, Wisconsin, and 10 known-positive samples from the Black River spiked with NZMS DNA. Previously extracted samples, kept at the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, were pooled by sample location and then equal quantities were distributed between the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center and the Molecular Conservation Genetics Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point for analysis. The assays tested were (1) the assay targeting cytb with a minor groove binder probe described by Goldberg and others (2013), (2) the cytb assay with a modified double-quenched probe, (3) an assay targeting coi with a double-quenched probe, and (4) a duplex reaction combining the modified cytb assay and the coi assay. Samples were considered positive for the presence of NZMS DNA when quantitative polymerase chain reaction amplification and probe signal was higher than the normalized threshold value above baseline fluorescence. For the duplex assay, samples were considered positive only when both probe signals were higher than the normalized threshold value above baseline fluorescence. Positive results were then confirmed by sequencing the products.
\nAll four assays detected the DNA of NZMS in all expected-positive and known-positive samples in both labs. The modified cytb assay, the coi assay, and the duplex assay all failed to detect the DNA of NZMS in all expected-negative samples in both labs. The cytb assay, as described by Goldberg and others (2013), failed to detect the DNA of NZMS in all expected-negative samples for the Molecular Conservation Genetics Laboratory, but some reactions resulted in positive detection in late cycles for 9 of the 10 expected-negative samples at the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center. Amplicons for expected-negative samples with positive reactions were sent for sequencing, and none were confirmed as NZMS. Six amplicons failed to give readable sequences, and three gave sequences without similarity to any known sequence in GenBank. Amplicons from each assay for one representative positive sample were sequenced and identified as NZMS with greater than 99 percent identity.
\nThe duplex assay was chosen as the most efficient assay and was used at the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center to analyze triplicate samples from 29 streams in Wisconsin, 8 streams in Illinois, and 8 streams in Iowa. In order to verify results, additional triplicate samples were collected from two of the streams in Iowa and two of the streams in Wisconsin for analysis at the Molecular Conservation Genetics Laboratory. All samples at all sites were negative for NZMS DNA.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151037","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Wisconsin Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Molecular Conservation Genetics Laboratory, College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","usgsCitation":"Merkes, C.M., Turnquist, K.N., Rees, C.B., and Amberg, J., 2015, Validation of eDNA markers for New Zealand mudsnail surveillance and initial eDNA monitoring at Mississippi River Basin sites: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1037, Report: vi, 9 p.; Tables 4-7, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151037.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 9 p.; Tables 4-7","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-063296","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151037.jpg"},{"id":298251,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1037/"},{"id":298259,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1037/tables/nzms_table5.xlsx","text":"Table 5","size":"30 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"Molecular Conservation Genetics Laboratory assay validation results."},{"id":298260,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1037/tables/nzms_table6.xlsx","text":"Table 6","size":"20 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"Sequencing results."},{"id":298261,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1037/tables/nzms_table7.xlsx","text":"Table 7","size":"34 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"Monitoring results."},{"id":298258,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1037/tables/nzms_table4.xlsx","text":"Table 4","size":"30 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center assay validation results."},{"id":298257,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1037/pdf/ofr2015-1037.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2631 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OF 2015-1037 Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -88.26416015625,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -88.26416015625,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 41.27780646738183\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f6db2ee4b02419550d3096","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merkes, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8191-627X cmerkes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-627X","contributorId":139516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merkes","given":"Christopher","email":"cmerkes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turnquist, Keith N.","contributorId":139517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turnquist","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12787,"text":"Molecular Conservation Genetics Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rees, Christopher B. crees@usgs.gov","contributorId":5500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"Christopher","email":"crees@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amberg, Jon J. jamberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":139518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon J.","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70046904,"text":"70046904 - 2015 - The comparative limnology of Lakes Nyos and Monoun, Cameroon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-20T15:53:55","indexId":"70046904","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-03T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The comparative limnology of Lakes Nyos and Monoun, Cameroon","docAbstract":"Lakes Nyos and Monoun are known for the dangerous accumulation of CO2 dissolved in stagnant bottom water, but the shallow waters that conceal this hazard are dilute and undergo seasonal changes similar to other deep crater lakes in the tropics. Here we discuss these changes with reference to climatic and water-column data collected at both lakes during the years following the gas release disasters in the mid-1980s. The small annual range in mean daily air temperatures leads to an equally small annual range of surface water temperatures (ΔT ~6–7 °C), reducing deep convective mixing of the water column. Weak mixing aids the establishment of meromixis, a requisite condition for the gradual buildup of CO2 in bottom waters and perhaps the unusual condition that most explains the rarity of such lakes. Within the mixolimnion, a seasonal thermocline forms each spring and shallow diel thermoclines may be sufficiently strong to isolate surface water and allow primary production to reduce PCO2 below 300 μatm, inducing a net influx of CO2 from the atmosphere. Surface water O2 and pH typically reach maxima at this time, with occasional O2 oversaturation. Mixing to the chemocline occurs in both lakes during the winter dry season, primarily due to low humidity and cool night time air temperature. An additional period of variable mixing, occasionally reaching the chemocline in Lake Monoun, occurs during the summer monsoon season in response to increased frequency of major storms. The mixolimnion encompassed the upper ~40–50 m of Lake Nyos and upper ~15–20 m of Lake Monoun prior to the installation of degassing pipes in 2001 and 2003, respectively. Degassing caused chemoclines to deepen rapidly. Piping of anoxic, high-TDS bottom water to the lake surface has had a complex effect on the mixolimnion. Algal growth stimulated by increased nutrients (N and P) initially stimulated photosynthesis and raised surface water O2 in Lake Nyos, but O2 removal through oxidation of iron was also enhanced and appeared to dominate at Lake Monoun. Depth-integrated O2 contents decreased in both lakes as did water transparency. No dangerous instabilities in water-column structure were detected over the course of degassing. While Nyos-type lakes are extremely rare, other crater lakes can pose dangers from gas releases and monitoring is warranted.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Volcanic Lakes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-36833-2_18","usgsCitation":"Kling, G., Evans, W.C., and Tanyileke, G., 2015, The comparative limnology of Lakes Nyos and Monoun, Cameroon, chap. of Volcanic Lakes, p. 401-425, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36833-2_18.","startPage":"401","endPage":"425","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046437","costCenters":[{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314549,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Cameroon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 10.296249389648438,\n 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Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California","docAbstract":"The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, (Delta) has been significantly altered since the mid-nineteenth century. Many existing channels have been widened or deepened and new channels have been created for navigation and water conveyance. Tidal marshes have been drained and leveed to form islands that have subsided, some of which have permanently flooded. To understand how these alterations have affected hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the Delta, we analysed measurements from 27 sites, along with other spatial data, and previous literature. Results show that: (a) the permanent flooding of islands results in an increase in the shear velocity of channels downstream, (b) artificial widening and deepening of channels generally results in a decrease in shear velocity except when the channel is also located downstream of a flooded island, (c) 1.5 Mt/year of sediment was deposited in the Delta (1997–2010), and of this deposited sediment, 0.31 Mt/year (21%) was removed through dredging.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","conferenceTitle":"International Association of Hydrological Sciences","conferenceDate":"11–14 December 2014","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, Louisiana","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS)","doi":"10.5194/piahs-367-399-2015","collaboration":"BOR","usgsCitation":"Marineau, M.D., and Wright, S., 2015, Effects of human alterations on the hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, in Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, v. 367, New Orleans, Louisiana, 11–14 December 2014, p. 399-406, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-367-399-2015.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"406","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054154","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-367-399-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.76696777343749,\n 38.49444388772503\n ],\n [\n -121.47857666015625,\n 38.49444388772503\n ],\n [\n -121.30828857421875,\n 37.931200459333716\n ],\n [\n -121.4208984375,\n 37.80761398306056\n ],\n [\n -121.53350830078124,\n 37.77722770873696\n ],\n [\n -121.65435791015625,\n 37.88569271818349\n ],\n [\n -121.69830322265625,\n 38.004819966413194\n ],\n [\n -121.83837890625,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -121.84112548828125,\n 38.067554724225275\n ],\n [\n -121.717529296875,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -121.78619384765624,\n 38.39764411353181\n ],\n [\n -121.88507080078125,\n 38.436379603\n ],\n [\n -121.79992675781249,\n 38.49444388772503\n ],\n [\n -121.76696777343749,\n 38.49444388772503\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"367","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567930c6e4b0da412f4fb553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marineau, Mathieu D. 0000-0002-6568-0743 mmarineau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6568-0743","contributorId":4954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marineau","given":"Mathieu","email":"mmarineau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Scott 0000-0002-0387-5713 sawright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5713","contributorId":1536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"sawright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142095,"text":"ds909 - 2015 - Hydrographic surveys at seven chutes and three backwaters on the Missouri River in Nebraska, Iowa, and Missouri, 2011-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-03T11:22:33","indexId":"ds909","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-02T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"909","title":"Hydrographic surveys at seven chutes and three backwaters on the Missouri River in Nebraska, Iowa, and Missouri, 2011-13","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey cooperated with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Omaha District, to complete hydrographic surveys of seven chutes and three backwaters on the Missouri River yearly during 2011–13. These chutes and backwaters were constructed by the USACE to increase the amount of available shallow water habitat (SWH) to support threatened and endangered species, as required by the amended “2000 Biological Opinion” on the operation of the Missouri River main-stem reservoir system. Chutes surveyed included Council chute, Plattsmouth chute, Tobacco chute, Upper Hamburg chute, Lower Hamburg chute, Kansas chute, and Deroin chute. Backwaters surveyed included Ponca backwater, Plattsmouth backwater, and Langdon backwater. Hydrographic data from these chute and backwater surveys will aid the USACE to assess the current (2011–13) amount of available SWH, the effects river flow have had on evolving morphology of the chutes and backwaters, and the functionality of the chute and backwater designs. Chutes and backwaters were surveyed from August through November 2011, June through November 2012, and May through October 2013. During the 2011 surveys, high water was present at all sites because of the major flooding on the Missouri River. The hydrographic survey data are published along with this report in comma-separated-values (csv) format with associated metadata.
\nHydrographic surveys included bathymetric and Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System surveys. Hydrographic data were collected along transects extending across the channel from top of bank to top of bank. Transect segments with water depths greater than 1 meter were surveyed using a single-beam echosounder to measure depth and a differentially corrected global positioning system to measure location. These depth soundings were converted to elevation using water-surface-elevation information collected with a Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System. Transect segments with water depths less than 1 meter were surveyed using Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems. Surveyed features included top of bank, toe of bank, edge of water, sand bars, and near-shore areas.
\nDischarge was measured at chute survey sites, in both the main channel of the Missouri River upstream from the chute and the chute. Many chute entrances and control structures were damaged by floodwater during the 2011 Missouri River flood, allowing a larger percentage of the total Missouri River discharge to flow through the chute than originally intended in the chute design. Measured discharge split between the main channel and the chute at most chutes was consistent with effects of the 2011 Missouri River flood damages and a larger percent of the total Missouri River discharge was flowing through the chute than originally intended. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers repaired many of these chutes in 2012 and 2013, and the resulting hydraulic changes are reflected in the discharge splits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds909","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District","usgsCitation":"Krahulik, J., Densmore, B.K., Anderson, K.J., and Kavan, C.L., 2015, Hydrographic surveys at seven chutes and three backwaters on the Missouri River in Nebraska, Iowa, and Missouri, 2011-13: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 909, Report: vi, 28 p.; 10 Figures: 8.5 inches x 11 inches; GIS Datasets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds909.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 28 p.; 10 Figures: 8.5 inches x 11 inches; GIS Datasets","startPage":"28","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-057194","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kavan, Cory L. 0000-0002-5887-9316 ckavan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-9316","contributorId":5677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kavan","given":"Cory","email":"ckavan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70142178,"text":"70142178 - 2015 - Spatial synchrony in cisco recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-07T15:35:29.252627","indexId":"70142178","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-02T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial synchrony in cisco recruitment","docAbstract":"We examined the spatial scale of recruitment variability for disparate cisco (Coregonus artedi) populations in the Great Lakes (n = 8) and Minnesota inland lakes (n = 4). We found that the scale of synchrony was approximately 400 km when all available data were utilized; much greater than the 50-km scale suggested for freshwater fish populations in an earlier global analysis. The presence of recruitment synchrony between Great Lakes and inland lake cisco populations supports the hypothesis that synchronicity is driven by climate and not dispersal. We also found synchrony in larval densities among three Lake Superior populations separated by 25–275 km, which further supports the hypothesis that broad-scale climatic factors are the cause of spatial synchrony. Among several candidate climate variables measured during the period of larval cisco emergence, maximum wind speeds exhibited the most similar spatial scale of synchrony to that observed for cisco. Other factors, such as average water temperatures, exhibited synchrony on broader spatial scales, which suggests they could also be contributing to recruitment synchrony. Our results provide evidence that abiotic factors can induce synchronous patterns of recruitment for populations of cisco inhabiting waters across a broad geographic range, and show that broad-scale synchrony of recruitment can occur in freshwater fish populations as well as those from marine systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2014.12.014","usgsCitation":"Myers, J., Yule, D.L., Jones, M.L., Ahrenstorff, T.D., Hrabik, T.R., Claramunt, R., Ebener, M.P., and Berglund, E., 2015, Spatial synchrony in cisco recruitment: Fisheries Research, v. 165, p. 11-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2014.12.014.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050718","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298226,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes, Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.09716796875,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -97.09716796875,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -97.09716796875,\n 41.409775832009565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"165","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f589b1e4b02419550d2f35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, Jared T. 0009-0004-9362-8792","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9362-8792","contributorId":44055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Jared T.","affiliations":[{"id":6596,"text":"Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yule, Daniel L. dyule@usgs.gov","contributorId":139525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel","email":"dyule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":139526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6596,"text":"Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ahrenstorff, Tyler D.","contributorId":92559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahrenstorff","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Claramunt, Randall M.","contributorId":19047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claramunt","given":"Randall M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ebener, Mark P.","contributorId":25099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebener","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12957,"text":"Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":541682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Berglund, Eric K.","contributorId":67012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berglund","given":"Eric K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70139543,"text":"sir20155011 - 2015 - Evaluation of the effects of sewering on nitrogen loads to the Niantic River, southeastern Connecticut, 2005-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-02T13:47:10","indexId":"sir20155011","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-02T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5011","title":"Evaluation of the effects of sewering on nitrogen loads to the Niantic River, southeastern Connecticut, 2005-2011","docAbstract":"Nitrogen concentration data were collected from 20 wells near the Niantic River Estuary, during 18 sampling periods from 2005 through 2011, as part of a study to determine changes in nitrogen concentrations and loads as a result of sewering on the Pine Grove peninsula in Niantic, Connecticut. The Pine Grove peninsula area is a neighborhood of 35 acres containing 172 residences with onsite wastewater treatment systems at the beginning of the study in 2005. From 2008 through 2009, the residences were connected to a newly installed sewer system. Water-quality data collection continued from 2010 through 2011, after the sewers were installed.
\nThe peninsula is underlain by glacial stratified deposits. The freshwater in this aquifer ranges from 10 to 45 feet (ft) in thickness and overlies saline groundwater. The mean water-table altitude was from 0.09 to 0.97 ft above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988, with a horizontal hydraulic gradient of 0.0004 to 0.0005.
\nInitial sampling of the wells included analysis for nutrients, major ions, boron, bromide, and dissolved gases. Concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen from the initial sampling ranged from 0.94 to 20 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in samples collected spatially and with depth in the aquifer. The mean concentration of total dissolved nitrogen before the sewers were installed was 7.5 mg/L, and dissolved gas analyses indicated little or no denitrification in the aquifer. Chloride to bromide ratios and boron analysis of the initial water samples confirmed that wastewater was a source of groundwater recharge to most of the wells. Annual recharge from onsite wastewater-disposal systems in 2006 was 4.98 inches, based on analysis of water-use data.
\nConcentrations of total dissolved nitrogen decreased following sewering in samples from most of the wells that were identified as having nitrogen related to wastewater discharge. Concentrations of total dissolved nitrogen in individual wells decreased by as much as 11.7 mg/L between the periods before and after the sewers were installed, and the mean concentration of total dissolved nitrogen in all wells decreased by 2.3 mg/L to a mean concentration of 5.2 mg/L.
\nNitrogen loads from groundwater in the Pine Grove peninsula area were estimated for three time periods by using the measured mean concentrations of total dissolved nitrogen and estimated recharge rates. The estimated nitrogen load before sewering was 1,675 pounds per year (lb/yr) and following sewering was 963 lb/yr. Mean concentrations of total dissolved nitrogen were assumed to have been reduced to 1.1 to 2.3 mg/L after the aquifer had stabilized and sewage-related nitrogen had been completely discharged from the system, with an estimated future load of 202 to 423 lb/yr.
\nNitrogen loads from groundwater discharge to the Niantic River Estuary from the lower part of the Niantic River watershed, including Pine Grove, were estimated to be 18,800 pounds (lb) in 2011. This compares with an additional 51,000 lb from the surface-water tributaries to the estuary and an unknown quantity of nitrogen load from stormwater runoff in the lower Niantic watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Mullaney, J.R., 2015, Evaluation of the effects of sewering on nitrogen loads to the Niantic River, southeastern Connecticut, 2005-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5011, vii, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155011.","productDescription":"vii, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-057160","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155011.jpg"},{"id":298196,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5011/pdf/sir2015-5011.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":298195,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5011/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Niantic River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.2024917602539,\n 41.321138395239565\n ],\n [\n -72.2024917602539,\n 41.372944119757406\n ],\n [\n -72.16747283935547,\n 41.372944119757406\n ],\n [\n -72.16747283935547,\n 41.321138395239565\n ],\n [\n -72.2024917602539,\n 41.321138395239565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f589a9e4b02419550d2f2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mullaney, John R. 0000-0003-4936-5046 jmullane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-5046","contributorId":1957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullaney","given":"John","email":"jmullane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159463,"text":"70159463 - 2015 - At the crossroads: Hazard assessment and reduction of health risks from arsenic in private well waters of the northeastern United States and Atlantic Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T16:02:55","indexId":"70159463","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-02T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"At the crossroads: Hazard assessment and reduction of health risks from arsenic in private well waters of the northeastern United States and Atlantic Canada","docAbstract":"This special issue contains 12 papers that report on new understanding of arsenic (As) hydrogeochemistry, performance of household well water treatment systems, and testing and treatment behaviors of well users in several states of the northeastern region of the United States and Nova Scotia, Canada. The responsibility to ensure water safety of private wells falls on well owners. In the U.S., 43 million Americans, mostly from rural areas, use private wells. In order to reduce As exposure in rural populations that rely on private wells for drinking water, risk assessment, which includes estimation of population at risk of exposure to As above the EPA Maximum Contaminant Level, is helpful but insufficient because it does not identify individual households at risk. Persistent optimistic bias among well owners against testing and barriers such as cost of treatment mean that a large percentage of the population will not act to reduce their exposure to harmful substances such as As. If households are in areas with known As occurrence, a potentially large percentage of well owners will remain unaware of their exposure. To ensure that everyone, including vulnerable populations such as low income families with children and pregnant women, is not exposed to arsenic in their drinking water, alternative action will be required and warrants further research.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.089","usgsCitation":"Zheng, Y., and Ayotte, J.D., 2015, At the crossroads: Hazard assessment and reduction of health risks from arsenic in private well waters of the northeastern United States and Atlantic Canada: Science of the Total Environment, v. 505, p. 1237-1247, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.089.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1237","endPage":"1247","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060375","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4386837","text":"External Repository"},{"id":310904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Vermont, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia","otherGeospatial":"New England","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.1796875,\n 40.58058466412761\n ],\n [\n -70.751953125,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n -69.12597656249999,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -68.5546875,\n 42.94033923363181\n ],\n [\n -63.54492187500001,\n 44.933696389694674\n ],\n [\n -62.9296875,\n 49.15296965617042\n ],\n [\n -67.8955078125,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -75.76171875,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -76.6845703125,\n 41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -74.1796875,\n 40.58058466412761\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"505","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56389746e4b0d6133fe72f9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zheng, Yan","contributorId":99046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Yan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7255,"text":"City University of New York, Queens College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph D. 0000-0002-1892-2738 jayotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-2738","contributorId":149619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph","email":"jayotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70157346,"text":"70157346 - 2015 - Higher-order statistical moments and a procedure that detects potentially anomalous years as two alternative methods describing alterations in continuous environmental data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T18:01:31","indexId":"70157346","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Higher-order statistical moments and a procedure that detects potentially anomalous years as two alternative methods describing alterations in continuous environmental data","docAbstract":"Statistics of central tendency and dispersion may not capture relevant or desired characteristics of the distribution of continuous phenomena and, thus, they may not adequately describe temporal patterns of change. Here, we present two methodological approaches that can help to identify temporal changes in environmental regimes. First, we use higher-order statistical moments (skewness and kurtosis) to examine potential changes of empirical distributions at decadal extents. Second, we adapt a statistical procedure combining a non-metric multidimensional scaling technique and higher density region plots to detect potentially anomalous years. We illustrate the use of these approaches by examining long-term stream temperature data from minimally and highly human-influenced streams. In particular, we contrast predictions about thermal regime responses to changing climates and human-related water uses. Using these methods, we effectively diagnose years with unusual thermal variability and patterns in variability through time, as well as spatial variability linked to regional and local factors that influence stream temperature. Our findings highlight the complexity of responses of thermal regimes of streams and reveal their differential vulnerability to climate warming and human-related water uses. The two approaches presented here can be applied with a variety of other continuous phenomena to address historical changes, extreme events, and their associated ecological responses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/hess-19-1169-2015","usgsCitation":"Arismendi, I., Johnson, S.L., and Dunham, J.B., 2015, Higher-order statistical moments and a procedure that detects potentially anomalous years as two alternative methods describing alterations in continuous environmental data: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 19, p. 1169-1180, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1169-2015.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1169","endPage":"1180","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056997","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1169-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308307,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/19/1169/2015/hess-19-1169-2015.html"}],"volume":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012a52e4b03bc34f544402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arismendi, Ivan","contributorId":70661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arismendi","given":"Ivan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Sherri L.","contributorId":91757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Sherri","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":147808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70198332,"text":"70198332 - 2015 - Life in the main channel: long-term hydrologic control of microbial mat abundance in McMurdo Dry Valley streams, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-30T16:03:50","indexId":"70198332","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T15:13:02","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life in the main channel: long-term hydrologic control of microbial mat abundance in McMurdo Dry Valley streams, Antarctica","docAbstract":"Given alterations in global hydrologic regime, we examine the role of hydrology in regulating stream microbial mat abundance in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Here, perennial mats persist as a desiccated crust until revived by summer streamflow, which varies inter-annually, and has increased since the 1990s. We predicted high flows to scour mats, and intra-seasonal drying to slow growth. Responses were hypothesized to differ based on mat location within streams, along with geomorphology, which may promote (high coverage) or discourage (low coverage) accrual. We compared hydrologic trends with the biomass of green and orange mats, which grow in the channel, and black mats growing at stream margins for 16 diverse stream transects over two decades. We found mat biomass collectively decreased during first decade coinciding with low flows, and increased following elevated discharges. Green mat biomass showed the greatest correlations with hydrology and was stimulated by discharge in high coverage transects, but negatively correlated in low coverage due to habitat scour. In contrast, orange mat biomass was negatively related to flow in high coverage transects, but positively correlated in low coverage because of side-channel expansion. Black mats were weakly correlated with all hydrologic variables regardless of coverage. Lastly, model selection indicated the best combination of predictive hydrologic variables for biomass differed between mat types, but also high and low coverage transects. These results demonstrate the importance of geomorphology and species composition to modeling primary production, and will be useful in predicting ecological responses of benthic habitats to altered hydrologic regimes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-014-9829-6","usgsCitation":"Kohler, T.J., Stanish, L.F., Crisp, S.W., Koch, J.C., Liptzin, D., Baeseman, J.L., and McKnight, D.M., 2015, Life in the main channel: long-term hydrologic control of microbial mat abundance in McMurdo Dry Valley streams, Antarctica: Ecosystems, v. 18, no. 2, p. 310-327, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-014-9829-6.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"327","ipdsId":"IP-052879","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"McMurdo Dry Valley, Antarctica","volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fcc2de4b0f5d57878ecd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohler, Tyler J.","contributorId":206557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kohler","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25642,"text":"Institute of arctic and Alpine Research, Univ. of Co, Boulder, C","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanish, Lee F.","contributorId":206565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanish","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crisp, Steven W.","contributorId":206558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crisp","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":25620,"text":"Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado – Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liptzin, Daniel","contributorId":168551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liptzin","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baeseman, Jenny L.","contributorId":189421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baeseman","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70162625,"text":"70162625 - 2015 - Risk assessment of brine contamination to aquatic resources from energy development in glacial drift deposits: Williston Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T13:38:31","indexId":"70162625","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-01T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Risk assessment of brine contamination to aquatic resources from energy development in glacial drift deposits: Williston Basin, USA","docAbstract":"Contamination to aquatic resources from co-produced water (brine) associated with energy development has been documented in the northeastern portion of the Williston Basin; an area mantled by glacial drift. The presence and magnitude of brine contamination can be determined using the contamination index (CI) value from water samples. Recently, the U.S. Geological Survey published a section (~ 2.59 km2) level risk assessment of brine contamination to aquatic resources for Sheridan County, Montana, using oilfield and hydrogeological parameters.
\nOur goal was to improve the Sheridan County assessment (SCA) and evaluate the use of this new Williston Basin assessment (WBA) across 31 counties mantled by glacial drift in the Williston Basin. To determine if the WBA model improved the SCA model, results from both assessments were compared to CI values from 37 surface and groundwater samples collected to evaluate the SCA. The WBA (R2 = 0.65) outperformed the SCA (R2 = 0.52) indicating improved model performance. Applicability across the Williston Basin was evaluated by comparing WBA results to CI values from 123 surface water samples collected from 97 sections. Based on the WBA, the majority (83.5%) of sections lacked an oil well and had minimal risk. Sections with one or more oil wells comprised low (8.4%), moderate (6.5%), or high (1.7%) risk areas. The percentage of contaminated water samples, percentage of sections with at least one contaminated sample, and the average CI value of contaminated samples increased from low to high risk indicating applicability across the Williston Basin. Furthermore, the WBA performed better compared to only the contaminated samples (R2 = 0.62) versus all samples (R2 = 0.38). This demonstrates that the WBA was successful at identifying sections, but not individual aquatic resources, with an increased risk of contamination; therefore, WBA results can prioritize future sampling within areas of increased risk.
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